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Pantothenic acid Sweet potatoes, ground nuts, Burning feet Walking problems, sprain.
vegetables, liver, kidney, egg.
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Biotin Pulses, nuts, vegetables, liver, Nerves disorders Fatigue, mental depression,
milk, kidney. muscle pains.
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Ascorbic acid (C) Green leafy vegetables, citrus Scurvy Delay in healing of wounds,
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fruits, sprouts. fractures in bones.
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Retinol (A) Leafy vegetables, carrot, Eye, skin diseases Night blindness,
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Tomato, pumpkin, papaya, xerophthalmia, cornea failure,
mango, meat, fish, egg, liver, scaly skin.
milk, cod liver oil, shark liver
oil.
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Calciferol (D) Liver, egg, butter, cod liver oil, Rickets Improper formation of bones,
(sunshine vitamin) shark liver oil, sun rays stimu- Knock-knees, swollen wrists,
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late the formation of vitamin delayed dentition, weak
D from the sub-cutaneous fat. bones.
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Tocoferol (E) Fruits, vegetables, sprouts, Fertility related Sterility in males, abortions in
sunflower oil. disorders females.
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Phylloquinone (K) Green leafy vegatables, milk, problems related to Delay in blood clotting, over
meat, egg. Blood clotting bleeding.
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Free distribution by T.S. Government 2019-20 19
Key words
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Glucose, starch, cellulose, chloroplast, grana, stroma, light reaction, dark reaction,
heterotrophic nutrition, parasitic nutrition, haustoria, Alimentary canal, salivary glands,
peristaltic movement, amylase, ptyalin, pepsin, chyme, sphincter, digestion, pancreas,
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enzymes, villi, bile juice, lipase, fat, liver, emulsification, kwashiorkor, marasmus.
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What we have learnt
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Autotrophic nutrition involves the intake of simple inorganic materials like some minerals, water
from the soil. Some gases from the air. By using an external energy source like the Sun to synthesis
complex high energy organic material.
Photosynthesis is the process by which living plant cells containing chlorophyll, produce food
substances [glucose & starch] from Carbon dioxide and water by using light energy. Plants release
oxygen as a waste product during photosynthesis.
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Photosynthesis process can be represented as
light
6CO2 + 12H2O Chlorophyll C6H12O6+6H2O+6O2
The materials required for photosynthesis are light: Carbon dioxide, Water, photosynthetic pigment
chlorophyll.
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Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis. Light reaction takes place in the grana region and light
independent reaction takes place in the stroma region.
The end products of photosynthesis are Glucose water and Oxygen.
During photosynthesis the important events which occurs in the chloroplast are
a) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy
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b) Splitting of water molecule
c) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates
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Heterotrophic Nutrition involves the intake of complex material prepared by other organisms.
The form of nutrition differs depending on the type and availability of food material as well as how
it is obtained by the organism.
In single celled organisms the food may be taken in by the entire surface but as the complexity of
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