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10 students of your class in the following tabular form.
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Table-2
S.No Name of the student Heart beat at rest/min Pulse rate at rest/min
1 Eshwar 72 72
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Let us plot histogram on heart beat and pulse rate of
different persons as shown in the sample graph. Here
blue bar indicates heart beat, red bar indicates pulse rate.
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What is the relationship between the heart beat
and the pulse?
Eshwar Can we say, the pulse rate is always equal to the
heart beat?
x-axis: Name of the student You might have studied there is a relation between
y-axis: Heart beat, pulse rate per minute
pulse rate and heart beat.
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50 X Class Transportation - The circulatory system
Now try to understand the structure and method of working of this
vital organ, the heart. It is the beat of the heart which keeps us alive. Heart
is located in between the lungs and protected by rib cage. The size of your
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heart is approximately the size of your fist.
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fig-3: Location of Heart fig-4: Heart
External features
Lab Activity
LA
Aim: Observation of the internal structure of the mammalian heart.
Material required: Freshly collected specimen of heart of sheep or
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goat from the butcher. Soda straws, used pen refils, sharp and long blade
or scalpel, tray, a jug of water, Dissection scissors, forceps.
Since the structure of all the mammalian hearts are similar, we take
the sheep’s or goat’s heart for our observation. For this, we need following
materials.
Procedure for observation:
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Before coming to the class wash the heart thoroughly so that, blood is
completely drained from the chambers of heart.
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Take soda straws and insert them into the stumps of the blood vessels.
Note your observations as you proceed.
How many layers are covering the heart?
(Now remove the layers covering the heart, and observe)
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What is the shape of the heart?
How many large blood vessel stumps are attached to the heart?
Which end of the heart is broader and which end is narrow?
Observe the arrangement of blood vessels (coronary vessels) on the
wall of the heart.
(In case you don’t have a model or a goat’s heart, look at the figures
given carefully for observation)
Free distribution by T.S. Government 2019-20 51
Internal structure of the heart
Keep the heart in the tray in such a way that a large arch like tube faces
upwards. This is the ventral side.
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Now take a sharp blade or scalpel and open the heart in such a way that
the chambers are exposed. Take the help of the fig-5.
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