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capacity for breathing. Think what changes are
required to inhale that much air.
LA
The Indian ayurvedic physician. Patanjali developed a scientific
breathing practice called Yogabhyasa.
Yogabhyasa. Maharshi Patanjali proposed a
theory called Astanga yoga. He was introduced 195 yogic principles in
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eight divisions. 1. Yama (Social disipline), 2. Niyama (Individual
discipline), 3. Asana (Body posture), 4. Pranayama (Expansion of vital
energy), 5. Prathyahara (With drawal of senses), 6. Dharana
(Consentration), 7. Dhyana (Meditation), 8. Samadi (Self realisation).
The art of breathing in Yogabyasa is called Pranayama prana means
gas, ayama means journey. In Pranayama practice air is allowed to enter
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three lobes of lungs inorder to increase the amount of oxygen to diffuse
into blood. Deep breaths in Pranayama helps us to reduce breathings per
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minute form 20-22 to 15. Because of these deep breaths more amount of
oxygen available to brain and tissues of the body will be more active. It is
very important to practice Pranayama regularly to make our life healthy
and active. All people irrespective of age and sex should practice Pranayama
under the guidance of well trained Yoga Teacher to improve the working
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capacity of lungs.
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Free distribution by T.S. Government 2019-20 47
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Chapter
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Transportation - The circulatory system
LA
All the living organisms need nutrients, gases, liquids etc., for growth
and maintenance of the body.
All the organisms would need to send these materials to all parts of
their body whether they are unicellular organisms or multicellular.
In unicellular organisms these may not have to be transported to longer
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distances while in multicellular forms have to be sent substances to long
distances as far as say over 100 feet for the tallest plant on earth.
In lower organisms like amoeba, hydra etc., all the materials are
transported through a simple processes like diffusion, osmosis etc.,
In higher animals with trillions of cells in their body adopt the method
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of diffusion and osmosis only for the bulk movement of materials, would
takes years.
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To avoid delay a separate system is needed to carry the materials much
faster and more efficiently.
This specialized system that is developed by organisms is called ‘the
circulatory system’.
We eat solids, we drink liquids, and we breathe gases. Do you think
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that it is possible to transport all the three types of materials, through a
single system?
Let us study how this circulation is carried out in our body.
Have you ever observed a doctor holding the wrist of the patient and
looking at his watch for a minute? What is that he is trying to find out from
the watch and the wrist of the patient? You may wonder to know that he is
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48 X Class Transportation - The circulatory system
counting the heart beat of the patient. Don’t you think that is crazy, holding
the hand to count the heart beat?
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