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a monitoring or control system includes a plurality of senders or sensors which are coupled to a central control unit by separate cables . the control unit includes a microprocessor which executes an intermittent fault detection algorithm while an operator manually flexes each cable in turn . when a cable with a fault is manipulated the algorithm responds by energizing a horn . | 6 |
a fuzzy logic controller for controlling towed objects includes comprises a winch controller to control extension or retraction of a tow cable based on a control signal . a fuzzy logic controller controls a speed at which the tow cable is extended or retracted . the fuzzy logic controller includes an altitude controller storing a membership function defining ranges for a delta altitude variable and determines an altitude control signal based on the range for the measured delta altitude variable . a gain controller stores respective membership functions defining ranges for speed , heading rate , and cable length variables and determines a gain control signal based on the ranges for the determined speed , heading rate , and cable length variables . a command controller determines the control signal based on the gain control signal and the altitude control signal . | 6 |
a supporting rod holding arrangement for manufacturing a root section of a rotor blade of a wind turbine is provided . the supporting rod holding arrangement includes an assembly of a plurality of supporting rods , each having an interface section for connecting to a hub interface of the wind turbine in an essentially circular shape such that there are gaps between the supporting rods , a plurality of first fibers in the gaps which plurality of first fibers are physically and / or chemically compatible with an injection material , and a holding device which holds the supporting rods in the essentially circular shape . | 1 |
the present invention provides a fluorometric imaging apparatus for detecting the image of a specimen by irradiating excitation light at samples on the specimen arranged in a two - dimensional manner and measuring fluorescent light produced from a fluorescent substance attached to the specimen , the fluorometric imaging apparatus including : a two - dimensional photodetector device for detecting excitation light passing through the specimen or reflecting off the surface thereof ; and movement means for repositioning the specimen according to images observed on the photoreceptor device . | 6 |
The surface charge algebra of generic asymptotically locally (A)dS<SUB>4</SUB> spacetimes without matter is derived without assuming any boundary conditions. Surface charges associated with Weyl rescalings are vanishing while the boundary diffeomorphism charge algebra is non-trivially represented without central extension. The Λ-BMS<SUB>4</SUB> charge algebra is obtained after specifying a boundary foliation and a boundary measure. The existence of the flat limit requires the addition of corner terms in the action and symplectic structure that are defined from the boundary foliation and measure. The flat limit then reproduces the BMS<SUB>4</SUB> charge algebra of supertranslations and super-Lorentz transformations acting on asymptotically locally flat spacetimes. The BMS<SUB>4</SUB> surface charges represent the BMS<SUB>4</SUB> algebra without central extension at the corners of null infinity under the standard Dirac bracket, which implies that the BMS<SUB>4</SUB> flux algebra admits no non-trivial central extension. | 9 |
a blade for a stator in a torque converter including a first face , which includes a first step , and a second face located substantially circumferentially opposite the first face . in one embodiment , the first face includes first and second disjointed or misaligned segments , and the first step connects the first and second segments . in another embodiment , the second face includes a second step . in yet another embodiment , the second face includes third and fourth disjointed or misaligned segments , and the second step connects the first and second segments . | 5 |
an antiskid - style sole includes a sole body and a number of projections disposed on the sole body . the projections are elastic columnar parts . a cavity is disposed in the middle of end surface of the projection , and the wall of the cavity is in the shape of cambered surface or inclined surface . | 0 |
a monolithic capacitance - type microstructure includes a semiconductor substrate , a plurality of posts extending from the surface of the substrate , a bridge suspended from the posts , and an electrically - conductive , substantially stationary element anchored to the substrate . the bridge includes an element that is laterally movable with respect to the surface of the substrate . the substantially stationary element is positioned relative to the laterally movable element such that the laterally movable element and the substantially stationary element form a capacitor . circuitry is disposed on the substrate and operationally coupled to the movable element and the substantially stationary element for processing a signal based on a relative positioning of the movable element and the substantially stationary element . a method for fabricating the microstructure and the circuitry is disclosed . | 6 |
disclosed is a signal detection method for a receiver of a multiple - input multiple - output communication system having n t and n r transmission and reception antennas , respectively , and an n t × n r channel matrix . the signal detection method includes selecting a plurality of sub - channel matrices having smaller dimensions than the n t × n r channel matrix , estimating transmission symbols received from corresponding transmission antennas using a maximum likelihood decoding method with respect to a received signal corresponding to each of the sub - channel matrices , estimating transmission symbols received from the remaining transmission antenna using the estimated transmission symbols , temporarily storing a candidate symbol set composed of the estimated transmission symbols , and comparing candidate symbol sets corresponding to all the sub - channel matrices and determining the smallest candidate symbol set as a transmission symbol set . | 7 |
Analysing the high-resolution CO line survey of the Galactic plane with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope (FUGIN), we show that the star-forming complex G18.15-0.30+51 (G18) at radial velocity of 51 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> is a tight triple association of a giant molecular cloud (GMC), H II regions, and a supernova remnant (SNR). The radial velocity of G18 allows three possible kinematic distances of d = 3.9 ± 0.2 kpc for near solution or 12 ± 0.2 kpc for far solution, if we assume circular Galactic rotation, or d = 6.1 ± 0.1 kpc, if it is moving with the 3-kpc expanding ring at an expanding velocity of 50 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. The H I line absorption of radio continuum from the H II region constrains the distance to 5.6 ≲ d<SUB>SNR</SUB> ≤ 7.6 kpc. The Σ-D (radio brightness-diameter) relation yields the distance to the SNR of $d_{\rm SNR}=10.1^{+11.5}_{-4.7}$ kpc, allowing for a minimum distance of 5.4 kpc. From these, we uniquely determined the distance of G18 to be 6.07 ± 0.13 kpc in the 3-kpc expanding ring with the SNR being physically associated. The molecular mass of the GMC is estimated to be M<SUB>mol</SUB> ~ 3 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. The ratio of virial to luminous molecular masses is greater than unity in the central region and decreases outward to ≲0.2 at the cloud edge, indicating that the central region is dynamic, while the entire cloud is stable. We discuss the origin of the G18 triple system and propose a sustainable GMC model with continuous star formation. | 9 |
a circuit board is mountable inside a case that houses a user interface device , such that the circuit board is proximate to a portion of an external wall of the case . the portion is situated such that when the case is oriented for the user interface device to be in communication with a user , the portion is conveniently between the circuit board and a location outside and relative to the case that is occupyable by an external device operable to communicate with the circuit board . | 8 |
a nectar feeder for hummingbirds is disclosed . the feeder includes a container configured and arranged to store nectar feed . the container has a top end and a bottom end . a spout depends from the bottom end of the container with an exit port defined thereon . a base tray positioned below the container . the base tray is further configured and arranged to contain nectar feed therein . a vertical member extends from the base tray . a float is positioned between the container and the base tray . the float engages the vertical member to prevent substantial independent lateral movement of the float within the base tray . the float carries a stopper with a substantially flush surface positioned below the spout . in operation , the nectar feed flows through the container and into the base tray until the float rises to a level where the stopper engages the exit port on the spout to prevent fluid from flowing into the base tray . | 0 |
nanoelectronic devices for the detection and quantification of biomolecules are provided . in certain embodiments , the devices are configured to detect and measure blood glucose levels . also provided are methods of fabricating nanoelectronic devices for the detection of biomolecules . | 8 |
Of all the light elements, the evolution of lithium (Li) in the Milky Way is perhaps the most difficult to explain. Li is difficult to synthesize and is easily destroyed, making most stellar sites unsuitable for producing Li in sufficient quantities to account for the protosolar abundance. For decades, novae have been proposed as a potential explanation for this "Galactic Li problem," and the recent detection of <SUP>7</SUP>Be in the ejecta of multiple nova eruptions has breathed new life into this theory. In this work, we assess the viability of novae as dominant producers of Li in the Milky Way. We present the most comprehensive treatment of novae in a galactic chemical evolution code to date, testing theoretically and observationally derived nova Li yields by integrating metallicity-dependent nova ejecta profiles computed using the binary population synthesis code binary_c with the galactic chemical evolution code OMEGA+. We find that our galactic chemical evolution models which use observationally derived Li yields account for the protosolar Li abundance very well, while models relying on theoretical nova yields cannot reproduce the protosolar observation. A brief exploration of physical uncertainties including single-stellar yields, the metallicity resolution of our nova treatment, common-envelope physics, and nova accretion efficiencies indicates that this result is robust to physical assumptions. Scatter within the observationally derived Li yields in novae is identified as the primary source of uncertainty, motivating further observations of <SUP>7</SUP>Be in nova ejecta. | 9 |
a blow molding machine for containers , having a conveyor path carrying a mandrel holder and pre - forming mandrels attached to the mandrel holders in an exchangeable manner by means of removable couplings , wherein each coupling has a mandrel clamping mechanism and a releasing element accessible form outside that can be adjusted at least relative to the mandrel holder for releasing the clamping mechanism . in the mandrel holder , particularly for use in a blow molding machine , the mandrel clamping mechanism is designed with a ball joint lock , and the ball joint lock can be released by means of a releasing element in order to exchange a performing mandrel . | 1 |
the present invention is an email control system that utilizes the concepts used in everyday client / server applications where permissions determine the behavior of such systems . because current permissions strategies are too limiting and archaic in their intelligence and implementation , a new permissions system is to be developed that will use the current client / server applications system as an evolutionary step . the present invention teaches that there are basically three incarnations of the email permissions : supplied — where specific permissions are supplied and are very precise in what actions are to be taken ; seek — in this case the email has a built in requirement to go out and seek permissions that may be held on a server somewhere and may in the meantime have changed a number of times — very much dependant on the whims of the sender ; and clarify — in this case permissions need clarification according to certain events that may or may not apply and therefore may seek supplied permissions or seek permissions . | 6 |
I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the second data release of the Gaia mission to perform a survey for young stars associated with the Lupus clouds, which have distances of ∼160 pc and reside within the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) OB association. The Gaia data have made it possible to distinguish Lupus members from most of the stars in other groups in Sco-Cen that overlap with the Lupus clouds, which have contaminated previous surveys. The new catalog of candidate Lupus members should be complete for spectral types earlier than M7 at A<SUB>K</SUB> < 0.2 within fields encompassing clouds 1-4. I have used that catalog to characterize various aspects of the Lupus stellar population. For instance, the sequence of low-mass stars in Lupus is ∼0.4 mag brighter than the sequence for Upper Sco, which implies an age of ∼6 Myr based an adopted age of 10-12 Myr for Upper Sco and the change in luminosity with age predicted by evolutionary models. I also find that the initial mass function in Lupus is similar to that in other nearby star-forming regions based on a comparison of their distributions of spectral types. * Based on observations made with the Gaia mission, the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the Spitzer Space Telescope, and the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy Hemisphere Survey. | 9 |
a glazing article comprises a substrate bearing a substantially transparent coating comprising an optically functional layer and a thinner anti - iridescence layer undercoat mediate the optically functional layer and the substrate . the anti - iridescence layer eliminates or substantially reduces iridescence and , in addition , is readily designed to make the overall coating colorless or to provide a substantially uniform , muted color . the anti - iridescence layer comprises a high refractive index zone on the substrate , having a refractive index higher than that of the substrate . multiple gradient step zones are stacked on the high refractive index zone , including a low refractive index zone . a second gradient step zone having a refractive index higher than that of the first gradient step zone is positioned on the low refractive index zone , such that the low refractive index zone is directly sandwiched between the two higher refractive index zones . anti - iridescence is provided for a wide variety of optically functional layers without significant impairment of the optical performance thereof . | 8 |
a control device for controlling the exposure time automatically for an electric shutter , in a single reflex camera of the so - called &# 34 ; through the lens &# 34 ; photometric type which determines the brightness of an object by means of the light past through the projection lens of a camera . | 6 |
We extended our search of white dwarf and subdwarf stars to SDSS DR14. In addition to searching all spectra with significant proper motion for new white dwarfs, we also fitted known DAs and DBs that fell in our selection criteria. The SDSS flux calibration is based on hundreds of comparison stars and in general more accurate than those derived from single night observations. We fitted the spectra of highest S/N for each star, taking into account that SDSS re-observes fields and improves the quality of the spectra. Our classifications are independent from previous classifications, and should be considered improvements. <P />Of the total 37053 objects in our Table 2, only 6 per cent come from plates obtained after DR12, but only 13927 are in the SDSS DR 7 to DR 12 catalogues. The DR7 to DR12 catalogues contain 35590 stars, including 29262 DAs, so our catalogues are not a subset or complete sets, but complementary. The total number of unique stars in Kleinman et al. (2013ApJS..204....5K, Cat. J/ApJS/204/5), Kepler et al. (2015MNRAS.446.4078K, Cat. J/MNRAS/446/4078, 2016MNRAS.455.3413K, Cat. J/MNRAS/455/3413), and this DR14 catalogue is 52299, with 28681 DAs, 2287 DCs, 2148 DBs, 1126 DZs, 572 DQs, 137 DOs, 4 DS, 396 sdB, 410 sdOs, and 324 CVs. <P />(3 data files). | 9 |
a decorrelation method for improving feedback cancellation utilizes a small frequency shifting ratio , on the order of 0 . 3 percent . frequency shifting is applied only to the high frequency portion of the signal , which is shifted alternately upward and downward . | 7 |
a locking arrangement for data structures is provided that prevents deadlocks , but still allows different threads to simultaneously obtain locks on different nodes of a data structure for both read and write operations . the locking system differentiates locks based on a priority hierarchy . the locking system will fail a request to lock one or more resources in a data structure if access to those resources has already been restricted by a conflicting lock of an equal or higher priority . the locking system may also employ preemptable and non - preemptable locks such that , if a preemptable lock with a lower priority has restricted access to resources , then the locking system will preempt the lower priority lock in favor of a conflicting higher priority lock . alternately , if a non - preemptable lock with a lower priority has restricted access to resources , then the locking system will wait until the lower priority lock is removed before implementing a requested conflicting higher priority lock . this locking arrangement allows high priority operations that require higher performance and efficiency to receive preferential access to a data structure without preventing lower priority operations from accessing the data structure , while preventing deadlocks between different operations . | 8 |
a torpedo ejects lead weight at the conclusion of a practice run and is bed to the surface for recovery and reuse . a squib is initiated to release the weight by a control circuit which is actuated when the torpedo engine stops . an appropriately interconnected transistor and field effect transistor respond to built - up charges on three charge storage circuits to assure the proper initiation of the squib when the torpedo stops running . the stored energy thus is brought into effect to assure reliable separation and avoids the problems otherwise associated with conventional electromechanical relays . | 5 |
a method for the stabilization of full - order flux observers for speed - sensorless induction motors in the regenerative mode . the method comprises determining the current vector of the induction motor , determining the stator voltage vector of the induction motor , forming a full - order flux observer having a system matrix and a gain matrix , the state - variable observer being augmented with a speed adaptation loop , and producing an estimated rotor flux linkage vector and an estimated stator current vector , determining an estimation error of the stator current vector , defining a correction angle , and forming a speed adapt - tion law based on the cross product of the estimation error of the stator current vector and the estimated rotor flux linkage vector , where the correction angle is used to turn the rotor flux linkage vector or the estimation error of the stator current vector in order to keep the observer stable . | 7 |
a lock , especially for motor vehicles , for securing a movable part , such as a pivoting flap , in position with respect to a stationary part , such as a housing , includes two rotary latches at a certain distance apart , wherein two closing pieces engage in the rotary latches when the latches are in the closed position . the locking elements are connected to a shaft and are rotatable synchronously with the shaft . at least certain sections of the shaft have torsional rigidity in the rotational direction , but flexibility in the axial direction . | 8 |
the invention describes a system for capping an abandoned well having production casing and surface casing . the system enables the effective sealing of the production casing volume from the surface casing volume such that any gases leaking from either volume can be independently released from independent valves . the system is particularly effective in improving the safety of re - entering an abandoned well . | 4 |
apparatus for use with an image blur prevention device which performs an image blur prevention operation by operating a movable member . the apparatus includes an initial setting portion which moves the movable member to a predetermined target position as an initial setting of the image blur prevention device and a changing portion which changes a moving amount of the movable member on moving the movable member at positions corresponding to the predetermined target position , as an initial setting operation . | 6 |
<BR /> Aims: The complexity of star formation at the physical scale of molecular clouds is not yet fully understood. We investigate the mechanisms regulating the formation of stars in different environments within nearby star-forming galaxies from the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS) sample. <BR /> Methods: Integral field spectroscopic data and radio-interferometric observations of 18 galaxies were combined to explore the existence of the resolved star formation main sequence (Σ<SUB>stellar</SUB> versus Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>), resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation (Σ<SUB>mol. gas</SUB> versus Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>), and resolved molecular gas main sequence (Σ<SUB>stellar</SUB> versus Σ<SUB>mol. gas</SUB>), and we derived their slope and scatter at spatial resolutions from 100 pc to 1 kpc (under various assumptions). <BR /> Results: All three relations were recovered at the highest spatial resolution (100 pc). Furthermore, significant variations in these scaling relations were observed across different galactic environments. The exclusion of non-detections has a systematic impact on the inferred slope as a function of the spatial scale. Finally, the scatter of the Σ<SUB>mol. gas + stellar</SUB> versus Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> correlation is smaller than that of the resolved star formation main sequence, but higher than that found for the resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. <BR /> Conclusions: The resolved molecular gas main sequence has the tightest relation at a spatial scale of 100 pc (scatter of 0.34 dex), followed by the resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation (0.41 dex) and then the resolved star formation main sequence (0.51 dex). This is consistent with expectations from the timescales involved in the evolutionary cycle of molecular clouds. Surprisingly, the resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation shows the least variation across galaxies and environments, suggesting a tight link between molecular gas and subsequent star formation. The scatter of the three relations decreases at lower spatial resolutions, with the resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation being the tightest (0.27 dex) at a spatial scale of 1 kpc. Variation in the slope of the resolved star formation main sequence among galaxies is partially due to different detection fractions of Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB> with respect to Σ<SUB>stellar</SUB>. | 9 |
an exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method , system , and storage medium for resolving contention issues by a channel in a fiber optic switch environment that occur during channel program execution . the method comprises a channel receiving a status packet indicating a device is no longer busy . the method also includes specifying whether the channel intends to re - initiate a channel program that previously resulted in the device busy status . if the channel does not intend to re - initiate the channel program , a first combination of bits in a re - initiate field of a status - acceptance packet are set which indicate that the channel will take no further action . if the channel intends to re - initiate the channel program , a second combination of bits in the re - initiate field of the status - acceptance packet are set , indicating that the channel will re - initiate the channel program . the method further includes transmitting the status - acceptance packet to a control unit . the invention also includes a system and a storage medium . | 7 |
a suspension system for the rear axle of a self - propelled agricultural windrower . the axle is split into two components , each having an air spring to absorb shocks . the two air springs are interconnected by a tube to equalize the internal pressure . a pair of pins can be inserted through the respective axle components and a structural member of the tractor to fix the components relative to the unit structure , thereby incapacitating the suspension and permitting effective steering of the tractor in the absence of a header . | 1 |
a beta - phase nickel aluminide overlay coating and method for modifying the grain structure of the coating to improve its oxidation resistance . the coating is deposited by a method that produces a grain structure characterized by grain boundaries exposed at the outer coating surface . the grain boundaries may also contain precipitates as a result of the alloyed chemistry of the coating . during or after deposition , the overlay coating is caused to form new grain boundaries that , though open to the outer surface of the coating , are free of precipitates or contain fewer precipitates than the as - deposited grain boundaries . new grain boundaries are preferably produced by causing the overlay coating to recrystallize during coating deposition or after deposition as a result of a surface treatment followed by heat treatment . | 2 |
provided is a microswitch wherein the versatility of a lever member can be prevented from being reduced while the rigidity of the lever member is improved . the microswitch is provided with a housing containing a switch mechanism , a plunger which transmits power to the switch mechanism , and a lever member , the base end of which is supported by the housing . in the microswitch , the tip end of the plunger abuts with the bottom surface of the lever member at an intermediate position in the longitudinal direction of the lever member , and an object to be detected can abut with the top surface of the lever member on the tip end side of the lever member . further , a first reinforcement portion is formed on the top surface of the lever member , excluding an object abutment portion with which the object to be detected is to be abutted , and a second reinforcement portion is formed on the bottom surface of the lever member , excluding a plunger abutment portion | 7 |
a fish - safe screened water diversion apparatus having an input and diverted and non - diverted outputs . water or other fluid is directed substantially downward under the screen at the input and preferably flows under the screen in a substantially unimpeded manner to the non - diverted output or substantially upwardly and / or diagonally through the screen to the diverted output . various diversion apparatus and screen embodiments are disclosed . | 8 |
an ultrasound therapy transducer head comprises an ultrasound source emitting ultrasonic radiation , the ultrasound source comprising a plurality of transducer elements , integrated driving electronics coupled to the transducer elements , the electronics generating at least one output ultrasound waveform and driving at least some of the transducer elements independently based on the at least one output ultrasound waveform and temperature control structure providing cooling for the electronics . | 0 |
<BR /> Aims: In this work we derive new precise and homogeneous parameters for 37 stars with planets. For this purpose, we analyze high resolution spectra obtained by the NARVAL spectrograph for a sample composed of bright planet host stars in the northern hemisphere. The new parameters are included in the SWEET-Cat online catalogue. <BR /> Methods: To ensure that the catalogue is homogeneous, we use our standard spectroscopic analysis procedure, ARES+MOOG, to derive effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities. These spectroscopic stellar parameters are then used as input to compute the stellar mass and radius, which are fundamental for the derivation of the planetary mass and radius. <BR /> Results: We show that the spectroscopic parameters, masses, and radii are generally in good agreement with the values available in online databases of exoplanets. There are some exceptions, especially for the evolved stars. These are analyzed in detail focusing on the effect of the stellar mass on the derived planetary mass. <BR /> Conclusions: We conclude that the stellar mass estimations for giant stars should be managed with extreme caution when using them to compute the planetary masses. We report examples within this sample where the differences in planetary mass can be as high as 100% in the most extreme cases. <P />Based on observations obtained at the Telescope Bernard Lyot (USR5026) operated by the Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées and the Institut National des Science de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France (Run ID L131N11 - OPTICON_2013A_027). | 9 |
a target assembly including a plurality of target tiles bonded to a backing plate by adhesive , for example of indium or conductive polymer , filled into recesses in the backing plate formed beneath each of the target tiles . a sole peripheral recess formed as a rectangular close band may be formed inside the tile periphery . additional recesses may be formed inside the peripheral recess , preferably symmetrically arranged about perpendicular bisectors of rectangular tiles . the depth and width of the recesses may be varied to control the amount of stress and the stress direction . | 8 |
Context. Giant low surface brightness (GLSB) galaxies are an extreme class of objects with very faint and extended gas-rich disks. Malin 1 is the largest GLSB galaxy known to date and one of the largest individual spiral galaxies observed so far, but the properties and formation mechanisms of its giant disk are still poorly understood. <BR /> Aims: We used VLT/MUSE IFU spectroscopic observations of Malin 1 to measure the star formation rate (SFR), dust attenuation, and gas metallicity within this intriguing galaxy. <BR /> Methods: We performed a penalized pixel fitting modeling to extract emission line fluxes such as Hα, Hβ, [N II]<SUB>6583</SUB> and [O III]<SUB>5007</SUB> along the central region as well as from the extended disk of Malin 1. <BR /> Results: Our observations reveal for the first time strong Hα emission distributed across numerous regions throughout the extended disk of Malin 1. The emission extends to radial distances of ∼100 kpc, which indicates recent star formation activity. We made an estimate of the dust attenuation in the disk of Malin 1 using the Balmer decrement and found that Malin 1 has a mean Hα attenuation of 0.36 mag. We observe a steep decline in the radial distribution of the SFR surface density (Σ<SUB>SFR</SUB>) within the inner 20 kpc, followed by a shallow decline in the extended disk. We estimated the gas phase metallicity in Malin 1. We also found for the first time that the metallicity shows a steep gradient from solar metallicity to subsolar values in the inner 20 kpc of the galaxy, followed by a flattening of the metallicity in the extended disk with a relatively high value of ∼0.6 Z<SUB>⊙</SUB>. We found that the normalized abundance gradient of the inner disk of Malin 1 is similar to the values found in normal galaxies. However, the normalized gradient observed in the outer disk can be considered extreme when compared to other disk galaxies. A comparison of the SFR surface density and gas surface density shows that unlike normal disk galaxies or other low surface brightness galaxies, the outer disk of Malin 1 exhibits a relatively low star formation efficiency based on atomic gas-mass estimates, which may be mildly exacerbated by the vanishing upper molecular gas-mass limits found by recent CO studies. <BR /> Conclusions: With the detection of emission lines in a large part of the extended disk of Malin 1, this work sheds light on the star formation processes in this unique galaxy, highlighting its extended star-forming disk, dust attenuation, almost flat metallicity distribution in the outer disk, and exceptionally low star formation efficiency. Together with previous results, our findings contribute to a more detailed understanding of the formation of the giant disk of Malin 1, and they also constrain possible proposed scenarios of the nature of GLSB galaxies in general. <P />Emission line maps are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/681/A100">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/681/A100</A> | 9 |
We present the first spectroscopic measurements of the shape of the far-ultraviolet (far-UV; λ =950{--}1500 Å) dust attenuation curve at high redshift (z∼ 3). Our analysis employs rest-frame UV spectra of 933 galaxies at z∼ 3, 121 of which have very deep spectroscopic observations (≳ 7 hr) at λ =850{--}1300 \mathring{{A}} , with the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the Keck Telescope. By using an iterative approach in which we calculate the ratios of composite spectra in different bins of continuum color excess, E(B-V), we derive a dust curve that implies a lower attenuation in the far-UV for a given E(B-V) than those obtained with standard attenuation curves. We demonstrate that the UV composite spectra of z∼ 3 galaxies can be modeled well by assuming our new attenuation curve, a high covering fraction of H I, and absorption from the Lyman-Werner bands of {{{H}}}<SUB>2</SUB> with a small (≲ 20 % ) covering fraction. The low covering fraction of {{{H}}}<SUB>2</SUB> relative to that of the {{H}} {{I}} and dust suggests that most of the dust in the ISM of typical galaxies at z∼ 3 is unrelated to the catalysis of {{{H}}}<SUB>2</SUB>, and is associated with other phases of the ISM (I.e., the ionized and neutral gas). The far-UV dust curve implies a factor of ≈ 2 lower dust attenuation of Lyman continuum (ionizing) photons relative to those inferred from the most commonly assumed attenuation curves for L* galaxies at z∼ 3. Our results may be utilized to assess the degree to which ionizing photons are attenuated in H II regions or, more generally, in the ionized or low column density (N({{H}} {{I}})≲ {10}<SUP>17.2</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP>) neutral ISM of high-redshift galaxies. <P />Based on data obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA, and was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. | 9 |
an optoelectronic apparatus is provided for identifying marks comprised of defined contrast patterns , particularly barcode symbols . the device includes a transmitting element which emits transmitted light and a receiving element . the transmitted light is guided across the marks , and the received light reflected by the marks has an amplitude modulation imposed by the contrast of the marks , with the received light being converted into a voltage signal that forms the received signal in the receiving element . the voltage signal is converted into a binary signal and filtered by an arrangement of digital filters for compensation component stipulated distortions prior to being fed to a threshold - value unit for evaluation of the contrast pattern . | 6 |
Within the magnetospheric radius, the geometry of accretion flow in X-ray pulsars is shaped by a strong magnetic field of a neutron star. Starting at the magnetospheric radius, accretion flow follows field lines and reaches the stellar surface in small regions located close to the magnetic poles of a star. At low mass accretion rates, the dynamics of the flow is determined by gravitational attraction and rotation of the magnetosphere due to the centrifugal force. At the luminosity range close to the Eddington limit and above it, the flow is additionally affected by the radiative force. We construct a model simulating accretion flow dynamics over the magnetosphere, assuming that the flow strictly follows field lines and is affected by gravity, radiative, and centrifugal forces only. The magnetic field of a neutron star is taken to be dominated by the dipole component of arbitrary inclination with respect to the accretion disc plane. We show that accretion flow becomes unstable at high mass accretion rates and tends to fluctuate quasi-periodically with a typical period comparable to the free-fall time from the inner disc radius. The inclination of a magnetic dipole with respect to the disc plane and strong anisotropy of X-ray radiation stabilize the mass accretion rate at the poles of a star, but the surface density of material covering the magnetosphere fluctuates even in this case. | 9 |
there is provided a reaction apparatus which is capable of keeping the pressure inside the reactor and is applicable to various fields . this reaction apparatus comprises : a raw material tank for storing a raw material ; a high - pressure pump communicated with the raw material tank and designed to deliver the raw material therefrom ; a reactor which is disposed on the downstream side of the high - pressure pump and designed to be supplied with the raw material in a compressed state ; a heating bath for heating the reactor to promote a reaction ; and a product tank for receiving and recovering a product ; wherein the reaction apparatus is further equipped with an inlet port which is interposed between the heating bath and the product tank , and with an injection pump for injecting an injecting liquid through the inlet port , whereby a pressure of product flowing into the product tank is enabled to be reduced by making use of the flow rate of the injecting liquid . | 1 |
a proofing tool , including an anilox roll and an impression roll shiftable relative to each other from an engaged position and a disengaged position and a positive stop nip adjustment mechanism . operably connected to the anilox roll and the impression roll and being adjustable whereby when the anilox roll and the impression roll are in the engaged position the positive stop prevents the nip distance from being smaller than a set value . | 1 |
provided is a tamper proof outer wrapping with a reinforced tear zone . the reinforced tear zone includes a tear tape affixed between two layers of the wrapping material . a perforated line runs parallel to the reinforced tear zone on each of the reinforced tear zone . a tab is formed at one end of the reinforced tear zone . the tab is pulled to separate the reinforced tear zone from the remaining wrapping material and open remove the outer wrapping . the wrapping can be used on packages containing smoking articles such as cigarettes or orally consumed products such as candy or pouched tobacco products . | 1 |
a technique for continuous gravity separation of a produced oil and water emulsion has particular utility in separating water for reinjection during a waterflood secondary recovery operation without loss of saleable oil . the method employs a flow direction means to introduce the produced oil - water emulsion into a large volume settling tank substantially tangential to the tank wall and then withdraws the separated oil and water . the apparatus of the instant invention comprises : a tank , an oil - water inlet means , a flow direction means connected to the oil - water inlet means to direct the oil - water emulsion into the settling tank tangential to the tank wall , a bottom - center located water outlet pipe , and an oil outlet pipe . | 1 |
a polymeric structure having an oxygen barrier layer is heated in the presence of moisture to improve its resistance to oxygen and moisture penetration . a drying agent is incorporated in the multi - layer structure to control the rate of water penetration to , and the amount of water in , the barrier layer . | 8 |
one aspect of the present invention relates to a method for integrating a solar power unit that generates a power signal , into a building structure . the method comprises the steps of attaching a frame of the solar power unit to the building block , installing the solar panel on the attached frame , and securing the solar panel to the attached frame with the front cover . | 8 |
We investigate the stellar mass and baryonic mass Tully-Fisher relations (TFRs) of massive star-forming disk galaxies at redshift z∼ 2.3 and z∼ 0.9 as part of the {{KMOS}}<SUP>3{{D</SUP>}} integral field spectroscopy survey. Our spatially resolved data allow reliable modeling of individual galaxies, including the effect of pressure support on the inferred gravitational potential. At fixed circular velocity, we find higher baryonic masses and similar stellar masses at z∼ 2.3 as compared to z∼ 0.9. Together with the decreasing gas-to-stellar mass ratios with decreasing redshift, this implies that the contribution of dark matter to the dynamical mass on the galaxy scale increases toward lower redshift. A comparison to local relations reveals a negative evolution of the stellar and baryonic TFR zero points from z = 0 to z∼ 0.9, no evolution of the stellar TFR zero point from z∼ 0.9 to z∼ 2.3, and a positive evolution of the baryonic TFR zero point from z∼ 0.9 to z∼ 2.3. We discuss a toy model of disk galaxy evolution to explain the observed nonmonotonic TFR evolution, taking into account the empirically motivated redshift dependencies of galactic gas fractions and the relative amount of baryons to dark matter on galaxy and halo scales. <P />Based on observations collected at the European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programs 092.A-0091, 093.A-0079, 094.A-0217, 095.A-0047, and 096.A-0025. | 9 |
a 3d navigation system for motor vehicles includes a set - up combining a first motor vehicle and an environment scanner to generate a three - dimensional image of an environment around the first motor vehicle or at least a part of the environment around the first motor vehicle as well as at least a second motor vehicle and a communications connection between the first motor vehicle and the second motor vehicle for transmitting the three - dimensional image of the environment around the first motor vehicle or at least a part of the environment around the first motor vehicle to the second motor vehicle . | 6 |
a flying prober having at least one prober head for contacting test sites on a unit under test which is programed for measuring isolations and continuities of test sites through the prober head . the flying prober includes an automatic loading and locating mechanism for securing the unit under test on the prober relative to the prober head and includes an angled frame for supporting the prober heads and the loading and locating mechanism . | 7 |
an oscillator includes a frequency - controllable clock generator , and a digital oscillator responsive to a clock generated by the clock generator for oscillating a data sequence at a period in proportion to the clock and also discretely controllable in accordance with a frequency switching signal . | 7 |
in a redrawing - ironing apparatus provided with a punch fixed on a ram , a die means including a redrawing die and ironing dies , an annular piston for fastening the die means , a cup retained pad adapted to push the inner periphery of the bottom of a drawn cup placed on the redrawing die , and pins fixed on the annular piston and extending axially , the free end surface of the pin is engaged with the flange of the cup retainer pad at the end of the redrawing . as a result , the earing portions of the drawn cup can be prevented from being thinned and broken into fragments at the redrawing . | 1 |
a method of generating command instructions for a distributed mass data storage library comprises the steps of receiving an operator request from an operator , determining at least one command for at least one intelligent library component in response to the operator request , forming at least one command message containing the at least one command , and sending the at least one command message to the at least one intelligent library component for carrying out actions requested by the operator . | 6 |
the present invention provides expression vectors useful for high - throughput screening of gene libraries . in a specific embodiment , an expression vector comprising the rop gene operatively linked to the trp promoter - operator ; a purification tag sequence and a protease cleavage site downstream of the rop gene ; and a multiple cloning site downstream of the protease cleavage site , wherein the insertion of a heterologous gene of interest into the multiple cloning site and subsequent expression thereof in a host cell produces a high yield of a fusion protein comprising the rop protein and the protein encoded by the heterologous gene of interest without the need of chemical inducers , temperature shifts , or growth medium alterations to initiate protein synthesis , and wherein the fusion protein controls plasmid replication at temperatures below about 30 ° c . but exhibits runaway plasmid replication when cultured at about 37 ° c . | 2 |
this application uses technology found in existing patents u . s . pat . no . 7 , 823 , 394 and u . s . pat . no . 7 , 621 , 148b1 . the application solves the problem of internal icing within bio - sample storage freezers by introducing three new techniques to traditional mechanical freezers . highly effective hybrid insulation technique , internal purging using water vapor free air and close tolerance fitment of internal sub - assemblies . | 5 |
the invention provides an aqueous alkaline developer solution for a positive - type photoresist layer for pattern - wise treatment of the surface of a substrate , e . g ., semiconductor wafer . the developer solution contains a tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide , e . g ., tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide , and a trialkyl hydroxyalkyl ammonium hydroxide , e . g ., trimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium hydroxide , as the essential ingredients and the temperature dependency of the development performance thereof is noticeably smaller than that of conventional developer solutions with respect to properties of the sensitivity of the photoresist and the thickness reduction of the photoresist layer in the unexposed areas , by virtue of the compensating temperature dependencies for these properties of these two ingredients for each other . | 6 |
in a turbine engine with an annular recuperator surrounding the turbine , exhaust gas is directed from the turbine to the recuperator by a generally curved exhaust dome . a vortex disrupter structure extends from the exhaust dome to a point distal of the turbine to evenly distribute the exhaust gas entering the recuperator and sustain diffusion of the exhaust gas to increase the expansion ratio across the turbine . | 5 |
In this paper, we investigate the existence of asymptotically flat wormhole geometries within the framework of Rastall-Rainbow modified gravity, a synthesis of two distinct theoretical models: Rastall theory and the Rainbow description. Our study uncovers that, when considering specific combinations of free parameters and equations of state, the emergence of static and spherically symmetric wormholes is not feasible within a zero-tidal-force context. By considering the subset of viable solutions, we conduct a rigorous assessment of their stability through adiabatic sound velocity analysis and scrutinize their compliance with the Weak Energy Condition (WEC). Our inquiry provides insights into how the interplay between Rastall parameters and Rainbow functions may alleviate violations of energy conditions in these modified gravity scenarios. | 9 |
a glass - ceramic which is substantially and desirably totally transparent , and which contains a predominant crystal phase of forsterite . the glass - ceramic is formed from precursor glasses having the following compositions , in weight percent on an oxide basis : sio 2 30 - 60 ; al 2 o 3 10 - 25 ; mgo 13 - 30 ; k 2 o 8 - 20 ; tio 2 0 - 10 ; and geo 2 0 - 25 . the glass - ceramic may be doped with up to 1 wt . % chromium oxide to impart optical activity thereto . | 2 |
a modeling method , medium , and system . the modeling method identifies a object within an image by detecting edges within the image , determines a complexity of the identified object based upon detected surface orientations of the identified object relative to a defined surface of the image , selectively , based upon the determined complexity , generates one or more surfaces for a 3d model by identifying one or more vanishing points for one or more corresponding surfaces , respectively , of the identified object and respectively analyzing the identified one or more vanishing points relative to respective determined points of the one or more corresponding surfaces of the image , and generates the 3d model by combining the one or more surfaces in a 3d space . | 6 |
We investigate line formation processes in Type IIb supernovae (SNe) from 100 to 500 days post-explosion using spectral synthesis calculations. The modelling identifies the nuclear burning layers and physical mechanisms that produce the major emission lines, and the diagnostic potential of these. We compare the model calculations with data on the three best observed Type IIb SNe to-date - SN 1993J, SN 2008ax, and SN 2011dh. Oxygen nucleosynthesis depends sensitively on the main-sequence mass of the star and modelling of the [O I] λλ6300, 6364 lines constrains the progenitors of these three SNe to the M<SUB>ZAMS</SUB> = 12-16 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> range (ejected oxygen masses 0.3-0.9 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>), with SN 2011dh towards the lower end and SN 1993J towards the upper end of the range. The high ejecta masses from M<SUB>ZAMS</SUB> ≳ 17 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> progenitors give rise to brighter nebular phase emission lines than observed. Nucleosynthesis analysis thus supports a scenario of low-to-moderate mass progenitors for Type IIb SNe, and by implication an origin in binary systems. We demonstrate how oxygen and magnesium recombination lines may be combined to diagnose the magnesium mass in the SN ejecta. For SN 2011dh, a magnesium mass of 0.02-0.14 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> is derived, which gives a Mg/O production ratio consistent with the solar value. Nitrogen left in the He envelope from CNO burning gives strong [N II] λλ6548, 6583 emission lines that dominate over Hα emission in our models. The hydrogen envelopes of Type IIb SNe are too small and dilute to produce any noticeable Hα emission or absorption after ~150 days, and nebular phase emission seen around 6550 Å is in many cases likely caused by [N II] λλ6548, 6583. Finally, the influence of radiative transport on the emergent line profiles is investigated. Significant line blocking in the metal core remains for several hundred days, which affects the emergent spectrum. These radiative transfer effects lead to early-time blueshifts of the emission line peaks, which gradually disappear as the optical depths decrease with time. The modelled evolution of this effect matches the observed evolution in SN 2011dh. <P />Appendices are available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201423983/olm">http://www.aanda.org</A> | 9 |
the invention relates to rigid polyurethane foams prepared by reacting a polyether polyol other than one derived from ethylenediamine , an alkylene oxide adduct of ethylenediamine , catalyst , surfactant , and blowing agent , and an organic polyisocyanate . the compositions are useful for producing insulation panels . | 2 |
a radiation hardened mosfet is fabricated by forming a dielectric layer of boro - phosphosilicate glass over the field oxide layer of the mosfet . the bpsg covers only a small part of the gate electrode of the mosfet . the gate electrode of the mosfet is formed from two layers of polycrystalline silicon so as to prevent contamination of the gate oxide by the bpsg dopants . | 7 |
a hanger assembly and method of hanging conduits in buildings is described which protects the structure of the building from damage during a seismic event . the hanger assembly includes a frangible element which is calibrated to break when subjected to some higher than normal tensile load resulting from rapid acceleration of the conduit . thus , for example , in the event of an earthquake , the hanger will fail before damage is done to the concrete to which the anchor is attached . | 5 |
a developing apparatus comprises : a housing having an opening that opens towards an image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed , and a developer storing unit in which a developer is stored ; a developer carrier that carries the developer stored in the developer storing unit and transports the developer to a developing region in opposition to the image carrier ; a partitioning frame arranged in a groove formed between the developer carrier and the developer storing unit of the housing , that is provided with a connecting hole which enables connect between the developer storing unit and the opening ; a partition arranged on a side surface of the partitioning frame ; and a closely contact section that causes the partitioning frame to closely contact to the groove . | 6 |
At optical wavelengths, blazar Electric Vector Position Angle (EVPA) rotations linked with gamma-ray activity have been the subject of intense interest and systematic investigation for over a decade. One difficulty in the interpretation of EVPA rotations is the inherent 180° ambiguity in the measurements. It is therefore essential, when studying EVPA rotations, to ensure that the typical time-interval between successive observations - i.e. the cadence - is short enough to ensure that the correct modulo 180° value is selected. This optimal cadence depends on the maximum intrinsic EVPA rotation speed in blazars, which is currently not known. In this paper, we address the following questions for the RoboPol sample: What range of rotation speeds for rotations greater than 90° can we expect? What observation cadence is required to detect such rotations? Have rapid rotations been missed in EVPA rotation studies thus far? What fraction of data is affected by the ambiguity? And how likely are detected rotations affected by the ambiguity? We answer these questions with three seasons of optical polarimetric observations of a statistical sample of blazars sampled weekly with the RoboPol instrument and an additional season with daily observations. We model the distribution of EVPA changes on time-scales from 1-30 d and estimate the fraction of changes exceeding 90°. We show that at least daily observations are necessary to measure ${\gt}96{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of optical EVPA variability in the RoboPol sample of blazars correctly and that intraday observations are needed to measure the fastest rotations that have been seen thus far. | 9 |
a method in a repository coupled to a computer system that generates ole automation and interface definition language interfaces from metadata . visual basic programming language is used to develop a tool that generates the automation binding from the metadata in the repository . the method extends c ++ programming language binding across networks , independent of the object request broker being used . a schema is provided that maps the types and features of a repository to ole automation and member functions for windows . the method also integrates the application programming interface of a repository with windows scripting programming languages through object linking and embedding . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a method for recycling of old corrugated container using flotation , followed by selective enzymatic treatment to fines portion and by selective refining to long fiber stream , and more particularly , to a method for recycling of occ , wherein occ is treated with floatation and enzymatic hydrolysis and those recycled stock is refined , thereby having the following effects : a ) the drainage property of base paper of old corrugated container is improved ; and b ) the strength of the same is enhanced by the refining treatment of the fractionated long fiber only ; and c ) the cost for disintegration and enzymatic treatment is reduced ; and the imported corrugated board and unbleached kraft pulp can be substituted by the korean old corrugated container . | 3 |
a power amplifier and a bridge circuit in a power amplifier , thereinto , the power amplifier includes a comparator , a bridge circuit and a low - pass filter . the comparator is adapted to receive a first analog signal , compare the first analog signal with a reference signal and output a square wave signal . the bridge circuit is adapted to amplify the square wave signal and output the amplified square wave signal . the low - pass filter is adapted to convert the amplified square wave signal into a second analog signal . the bridge circuit includes a first mems switch and a second mems switch . the first mems switch and the second mems switch turn on alternately when the polarity of the square wave changes , and output a first voltage signal or a second voltage signal respectively . the amplified square wave signal includes the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal output alternately . the present disclosure substitutes the mos transistors in prior art with surface mems switches , so the power consumption , the size of devices and the manufacture costs all can be reduced . | 7 |
aspects of the invention pertain to transmitting packet data across a computer network . the packets may be sent via one or more distinct routes from a source to a destination . each route may employ multiple routers disposed along the network . non - colliding routes are determined by transmitting pairs of probe packets along the routes . a first probe packet has a maximal length , and a second probe packet has a minimal length . depending on the order of arrival of the probe packets , the system determines whether two transport layer ports at the destination device collide . if there is a collision , then the system searches for a set of non - colliding ports . once the non - colliding ports are determined , application data may be sent as packets along the different routes to those ports . | 7 |
the present invention relates and intermediates to a novel process for preparing triazolo - pyridines of the formula i wherein r 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , alkyl or other suitable substituents ; r 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , alkyl or other suitable substituents ; s is an integer from 0 - 5 ; r 4 is hydrogen or a suitable substituent and to intermediates for their preparation . the compounds prepared by the methods of the present invention are potent inhibitors of map kinases , preferably p38 kinase . they are useful in the treatment of inflammation , osteoarthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , cancer , reperfusion or ischemia in stroke or heart attack , autoimmune diseases and other disorders . | 2 |
a portable electronic reference device is disclosed that can be used by a user when reading a book . the electronic reference device functions as a dictionary for the reader to look up words as they read . it can also have various other functions that would be suitable for a portable electronic device . the device has a display section and a keyboard section . a pivoting transparent lid is provided on the display . the lid also contains a light to allow a user to clearly see the device and pages of a book . | 6 |
the specification discloses noncracking permanent adhesives which utilize mixtures of phenolic resins and methacrylate resins having a mw greater than about 100 , 000 and preferably about 400 , 000 bonding plasticized vinyl resin coverings , e . g ., pvc , to hard polymeric substrate surfaces such as abs , etc . also , it is preferable that the vinyl resin covering contain plasticizers which are no more than limited in compatibility with the adhesive . it is theorized that the adhesive mixture prevents migration of plasticizer from the plasticizer - containing vinyl resin covering into the adhesive and eventually into the polymeric substrate . | 8 |
a system for remote shopping , includes an application , the application including functionality for a user to select goods to be purchased from a retail store , the application being adapted to communication with a store system for providing information regarding the selected goods to be purchased , and to receive from the store system a price for the selected goods , the application further being configured and arranged to provide to the user information regarding the goods selected including an order status and a total price , wherein the total price reflects a same price that would be received if the same goods were to be purchased in - store . | 6 |
the torsional flexible connection has two coaxial flanges or discs equipped with sets of equidistant radially or axially protruding blades which are interdigitated to form a plurality of wedge - shaped chambers whose sides intersect at the axis of the connection , all or some of which receive torque - transmitting flexible inserts which transmit force and rotation to one of the flanges / discs in response to the force and rotation transmitted from the other flange / disc or vice versa . each insert is comprised of two or several elements of a streamlined shape placed at different distances from the axis , so that the dimensions of these elements in the direction of transmitted payload are proportional to their distances from the axis . | 5 |
the invention relates to a lubricating member for a razor cartridge comprising a lipophilic structurant and a silicone polyether block copolymer and optionally a liquid phase , which can be manufactured in a simple one batch process without thermal degradation and exhibiting improved lubricating and skin care properties over a sustained period . | 0 |
the present invention provides benzamide inhibitors of the p2x 7 receptor of the formula : wherein r 1 - r 3 are as defined herein . the compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of il - 1 mediated disorders , including , without limitation , inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis ; allergies , asthma , copd , cancer , reperfusion or ischemia in stroke or heart attack , autoimmune diseases and other disorders . | 2 |
an infusion pump for infusing solutions from iv bags through tubing to patients . the pump comprises a housing having a compartment which receives an iv bag in a solution - dispensing position . the bag is placed over a bladder within the compartment , and the bladder is expanded by a pressurized fluid to apply a pushing force against the bag which collapses to infuse solution through the tubing . a pump in the housing pumps a fluid such as air into the bladder under influence of a control circuit . a pressure sensor indirectly senses pressure of fluid in the bladder through a pressure of pad which contacts the bladder wall . a control circuit generates a pressure signal responsive to movement of the pressure pad for operating a valve which directs fluid between the pump and bladder . a dispensing spike is provided for interconnecting a dispensing port of the bag in fluid communication with the tubing . the spike is formed with an annulus which cooperates with a wall of the housing to prevent unintended withdrawal of the spike from a dispensing port while infusion takes place . the annulus also operates a switch which is connected in the control circuit to ensure that infusion proceeds only when the bag is in its proper solution - dispensing position in the housing . | 0 |
a ventilating apparatus for a conveyance has a first conduit disposed on the upper portion of a vehicle so as to supply conditioned air allowed to flow from an air conditioned device into a compartment , a second conduit disposed in the lower portion of the vehicle so as to suck and circulate air in the compartment , a a third conduit disposed in the lower portion of the vehicle so as to suck and introduce air in the compartment into an exhaust device . the air conditioning device conditions air by mixing air circulated from the second conduit and air sucked from the outside of the compartment by a suction device . when the compartment is partitioned , the ventilating apparatus is individually provided for each partitioned compartment and the third conduit is connected to a discharge port of a lavatory . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a flexible grinding product and a method of producing the same . such a grinding product comprises a flexible underlay which consists of two layers laminated to each other . these comprise a lower base layer and an upper layer , a cavity layer . the underlay includes a top surface having at least one adhesive layer arranged thereto after lamination and a layer of grinding agent applied by means of the adhesive layer . the grinding product is characterized in that the layer that is coated with grinding agent includes holes which form cavities , whereby the cavities provide space for grinding dust and grinding residues and facilitate their removal from the surface being ground . | 1 |
a composition is disclosed which comprises an aryl perfluoropolyether , optionally a halogenated oil , and further optionally a thickening agent . the composition can be used as a lubricant itself or as an additive to an oil or grease lubricant and can withstand temperatures higher than 300 ° c . without decomposition . the halogenated oil can be a perfluoropolyether , a fluorosilicone , a polytrifluorochloroethylene , or combinations of two or more thereof . the thickening agent can be finely divided silica , boron nitride , clay , soap , poly , clay , talc , silica , titanium dioxide , polydimethylsiloxane , polyurea , polyurethane , or combinations of two or more thereof . | 2 |
a plastic tape reel comprising a hub consisting of an outer cylindrical part adapted to permit a tape to be wound into a roll thereon and an inner cylindrical part defining a hollow pocket for engagement with the reel engaging shaft and two flanges attached one each to the opposite ends of the hub . the annular portion connecting the inner cylindrical part and the outer cylindrical part of the hub is bent in the axial direction throughout the entire circumferential extent so that the inner boundary thereof joins one axial end of the inner cylindrical part and the outer boundary thereof joins the outer cylindrical part at a location halfway along the entire axial length thereof . in the annular depression on the reverse side of the bent portion , a plurality of ribs are disposed in the radial directions and spaced by suitable circumferential intervals . the ribs serve as auxiliary paths for molten resin at the time the tape reel is injection molded . | 6 |
a system and a method is provided for managing the mobility of a mobile network in a proxy mobile internet protocol environment operating under the dynamic host configuration protocol protocol . the method is based on prefix allotment between a server dhcpv6 and a mobile router via an access gateway and the exchanging of messages between the server and a point of attachment . | 7 |
the invention contemplates a self - contained unit wherein a continuous flow of contaminated liquid , such as steam - plant condensate recycled as feedwater , may be processed on an on - line basis through a replaceable demineralizing resin bed and through a replaceable filter cartridge . the disclosed configuration incorporates two cylindrical chambers within a single housing . flow for demineralizing purposes is directed downwardly through the resin bed in the space between chambers , and the thus - demineralized flow is then directed upward through the filter cartridge in the inner chamber . | 1 |
a low cost small - scale tunable x - ray source , comprising a spherical - electron injected inertial electrostatic confinement device . within a spherical containment vessel recirculatory focusing electrons are accelerated by a spherical grid within the vessel , and cause electron — electron collisions in a dense , central plasma core region of the sphere . the iec synchrotron source in a mechanism for generating tunable x - ray radiation is essentially equivalent to that for conventional synchrotron sources . the iec - ss operates at a much lower electron energy , but still gives the same x - ray energy due to the small - scale bending radius associated with the electron — electron interactions . the x - rays can be filtered for particular purposes using diffraction gratings , prisms or the like . | 7 |
a method , computer program product , and computer system for creating a dynamic directory of objects . a request to modify a dynamic directory of a plurality of objects is received . each of the plurality of objects is associated with one or more attribute - value pairs . one or more first object attribute - value pairs is determined for a first object . the dynamic directory is searched for the one or more first object attribute - value pairs . a first attribute - value pair is identified from the one or more first object attribute - value pairs . the first attribute - value pair is different than the one or more attribute - value pairs associated with the plurality of objects . the dynamic directory is modified based on the first attribute - value pair . modifying the dynamic directory includes at least one of adding the first object to the dynamic directory , deleting the first object from the dynamic directory , and modifying an attribute - value pair of the first object . | 6 |
in a preferred embodiment , the present process involves subjecting a fabric having splittable conjugate yarns both to an acidic treatment and to a basic treatment , each of which erodes a portion of the components of the conjugate yarns . the acid treatment , given certain reaction kinetics , removes a portion of the polyamide element of the conjugate filament . the basic treatment has a similar effect on the polyester element of the conjugate filament , making it more hydrophilic . the at least partial removal of the polyamide component , coupled with the increased hydrophilicity of the polyester component , results in a fabric having enhanced absorptive properties . in an alternate embodiment , treatments with only acid or only basic solution may be employed . | 3 |
provided are a motion recognition apparatus , a motion recognition system and a motion recognition method that enable ‘ event motions ’ to be recognized with a small number of calculations . the motion recognition system , which recognizes user motions by using sensor data , is configured to be provided with : a cyclical loss detection means for detecting cyclical losses of sensor data when a user is moving ; and a recognition processing means for setting data intervals to be used for recognizing motions in accordance with the cyclical losses of sensor data that were detected , and for recognizing user motions on the basis of sensor data for the data intervals that have been set . | 0 |
an automatic burner assembly is disclosed , which assembly is adapted to be automatically and selectively actuatable upon the placement of a given vessel thereon or in close proximity thereto , this assembly comprising a heating element operably coupled to a sensor assembly , where this assembly is capable of detecting the presence of a given vessel on or proximate to the heating element . | 5 |
an assembly for an orthosis includes a flexure unit for joining two parts of the orthosis , such as a foot shell and an ankle or leg shell . one end portion of the flexure unit is supported on a housing that permits angular adjustment of the end portion of the flexure unit relative to the section of the orthosis on which the end portion is mounted . the angular adjustment is accomplished by utilizing a positive drive between a base portion and a housing that traps the end portion of the flexure in position on the base . this permits varying the assisting force , for example , toe lift , of the flexure unit between orthosis shell parts when the orthosis is worn . | 0 |
a method and apparatus for managing address map information are disclosed . in one embodiment , an apparatus may comprise a processor configured to store address map changes to a first data storage medium , save the address map changes to a nonvolatile data storage medium when an abnormal power state is detected , and when the power state is no longer abnormal retrieve the last saved address map information and address map changes and update the address map information using the address map changes . the apparatus may be configured to retrieve the instructions for the processor operation over a network connection . | 6 |
Native Hawaiian supporters of the Thirty Meter Telescope know that the TMT is an excellent project that perpetuates our culture through contribution. We believe that Mauna Kea is the perfect place, physically and cultural, for humanity's study of the heavens. We know that every argument made by the protesters against the project are false and generally born out of a conflation of historic grievances with a project that is not related to those grievances, and even provides community benefits necessary for addressing those same issues of inadequate housing, poor health outcomes, and poor educational achievement, all the results of poverty. This talk will discuss the TMT project from the viewpoint of Imua TMT, a Native Hawaiian-led community group advocating for the construction of TMT on Mauna Kea, and explain why many Native Hawaiians support TMT. We will also debunk the protesters' propagandist claims. | 9 |
described is an automatic control system for land vehicles based on carrier phase differential gps . the system relies on cpgps to determine vehicle position and attitude very precisely . a system incorporates a technique to calculate and compensate for antenna motion due to vehicle roll and pitch . one aspect of the system utilizes an intelligent vehicle controller that recognizes and adapts to changing conditions , such as vehicle speed , implements towed by the vehicle , soil conditions , and disturbance level . the system provides the capability to control the vehicle on various paths , including straight lines and arbitrary curves . also described is a technique for initialization and vehicle control using only a single pseudolite . | 6 |
a decorative ornament designed for providing a home or office , and more particularly , a decorative ornament for illumination with a light source , which creates an aesthetic addition in a room or space . the ornament is easy to install and remove , inexpensive to manufacture and resistant to heat , such that it may be used near a light source . | 5 |
a measuring device comprises at least one port , an external cable connected to the at least one port , a transmitter connected to the at least one port through a switch , a receiver connected to the at least one port through the switch and a reference path connecting the transmitter with the receiver through the switch . the cable is connected to calibration elements , e . g ., short and open . the switch alternately switch in a manner that in a first state the transmitter and the receiver are connected to the at least one port and that in a second state the transmitter and the receiver are connected via the reference path . | 7 |
Recently, Thornton and coworkers confirmed a class of millisecond radio bursts likely of extragalactic origin that is well-suited for estimating dispersion measures (DMs). We calculate the probability distribution of DM(z) in different models for how the cosmic baryons are distributed (both analytically and with cosmological simulations). We show that the distribution of DM is quite sensitive to whether the "missing" baryons lie around the virial radius of 10<SUP>11</SUP>-10<SUP>13</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> halos or further out, which is not easily constrained with other observational techniques. The intrinsic contribution to DM from each source could complicate studies of the extragalactic contribution. This difficulty is avoided by stacking based on the impact parameter to foreground galaxies. We show that a stacking analysis using a sample of ~100 DM measurements from arcminute-localized, z >~ 0.5 sources would place interesting constraints at 0.2-2 halo virial radii on the baryonic mass profile surrounding different galaxy types. Conveniently for intergalactic studies, sightlines that intersect intervening galactic disks should be easily identified owing to scattering. A detectable level of scattering may also result from turbulence in the circumgalactic medium. | 9 |
in a method for producing a proton - conductive , structured electrolyte membrane , particularly for a fuel cell , a coating , which comprises at least one ion - conductive cross - linking component having at least one acid group and at least one photoactive substances interacting therewith , is applied onto a solid body surface . the coating is optically masked in that at least one region of the coating , in which the electrolyte membrane is supposed to be , is exposed such that the cross - linking component cross - links with the photoactive substances to form a polymer and / or copolymer network adhering to the solid body surface . at least one unexposed region of the coating is removed in order to structure the electrolyte membrane . | 8 |
Earth occasionally crosses the debris streams produced by comets and other active bodies in our solar system. These manifest meteor showers that provide an opportunity to explore these bodies without a need to visit them in-situ. Observations of meteor showers provide unique insights into the physical and dynamical properties of their parent bodies, as well as into the compositions and the structure of near-surface dust. In this chapter, we discuss the development and current state of affairs of meteor science, with a focus on its role as a tool to study comets, and review the established parent body -- meteor shower linkages. | 9 |
a steam automatic dispensing device for preparing hot and / or frothed drinks , includes a first duct for introducing steam inside a drink ; a second duct for introducing air inside the drink ; an electronic control unit for controlling the introduction of steam and / or air through said first and second duct , the control unit being programmable to carry out a predetermined control cycle depending on the desired drink to be obtained and on the drink temperature . | 0 |
a multipurpose yoga device designed for therapeutic , fitness and circus use which can be suspended in the doorway of a person &# 39 ; s home or over any horizontal bar to allow a user to perform any of a large multiplicity of yoga exercises , movements , postures or functions ranging from , traction , inversion therapy , correcting scoliosis , conditioning , total body stretching or strengthening , fascial self massage , partner massage , simple relaxation , client massage by trained massage therapists and tantric position for lovers , and said multipurpose yoga device comprising : a massage swing , a plurality of safe sticks , a plurality of fastening straps , a plurality of rings , a plurality of hand straps and a plurality of leg straps . | 0 |
a method of producing a folded item having printed information thereon to provide information to the user of a product is disclosed . the method comprises forming a first article having a first end , a second end , a length along a first direction , and a width along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction , the first article having a plurality of first elongate sheet portions and a plurality of second elongate sheet portions , each of the first elongate sheet portions having a first end and a second end , and each of the second elongate sheet portions having a first end and a second end , each of the first ends of the first elongate sheet portions being joined to a respective one of the first ends of the second elongate sheet portions at a respective fold coinciding with the first end of the first article so that the first end of the first article has no exterior unfolded sheet edges , each of the respective folds being parallel to the second direction ; folding the first article by making a first transverse fold in the first article to form a second article , the first transverse fold being parallel to the second direction and being made so that the second end of the first article is disposed between the first end of the first article and the first transverse fold ; depositing an adhesive on a portion of the second article ; and folding the second article by making a second transverse fold in the second article to form the folded item , the second transverse fold being parallel to the second direction so that the folded item has no exterior unfolded sheet edges which lie in a direction parallel to the second direction , the thickness of the sheet being such that when the folds in the first and second directions are made , the folds will cause the folded item to have a thickness of 0 . 25 inches or greater . | 1 |
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