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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/106345-true-false.html
# Thread: 1. ## True or false? $x^2+y^2-2x-4y+6=0$ is the equation of a circle. I answered true, but the answer in the book is false. So who is correct? This equation satisfies the general equation of a circle $x^2+y^2+2gx+2fy+c=0$ Thanks 2. Originally Posted by arze $x^2+y^2-2x-4y+6=0$ is the equation of a circle....
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/38445/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 90 characters in body I don't think you asked the question you intended. Even though this question is old, I'll say a bit: For any fixed $n$ and $p$, there are a finite number of homomorphisms $F_2 \rightarrow SL_n(Z/pZ)$. Hence, there are only a finite number of possibilities for the tr...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/math-topics/43732-magnitude-argument.html
# Thread: 1. ## magnitude and argument I dont understand what this problem wants so can someone please help explain it... sqrt means square root of ... what is the magnitude and argument of (-1+sqrt3i)^2 2. Originally Posted by cruxkitty I dont understand what this problem wants so can someone please help explain it...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/187909/statistics-bertrands-box-paradox
# Statistics: Bertrand's Box Paradox [duplicate] Possible Duplicate: Probability problem This is the Bertrand's Box Paradox I read about on Wikipedia: Assume there is three boxes: a box containing two gold coins, a boxwith two silver coins and a box with one of each. After choosing a box at random and withdrawing ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/117511/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 132 characters in body One which I like much is $$\exp \left(\begin{bmatrix} . & . & . & . & .\\ 1 & . & . & . & . \\ . & 2 & . & . & . \\ . & . & 3 & . & . \\ . & . & . & 4 & . \\ \end{bmatrix} \right)= \begin{bmatrix} 1 & . & . & . & . \\ 1 & 1 & . & . & . \\ 1 & 2 & 1 & . & . \\ 1 & 3 &...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/34801?sort=oldest
## Dirichlet’s regulator vs Beilinson’s regulator ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Consider a number field $F$ with ring of integers $O_F$. The Beilinson regulator can in this particular setting be viewed as a map from $K_n(O_F)$ to a suitable r...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?s=4be4751df1851bf5ed8098cea5236366&p=4223243
Physics Forums Page 2 of 2 < 1 2 Blog Entries: 9 Recognitions: Gold Member Science Advisor ## Einstein tensor with the cosmological constant present. Quote by Messenger I need to read up more on the derivation of the LaGrangian that you showed. I don't have a handy online reference, but MTW dis...
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http://mathforum.org/mathimages/index.php?title=Change_of_Coordinate_Systems&diff=4290&oldid=4278
# Change of Coordinate Systems ### From Math Images (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/14379/the-motivation-for-using-karp-reductions-in-the-theory-of-mathcalnp-complet
# The motivation for using Karp-reductions in the theory of $\mathcal{NP}$-completeness The notion of polynomial time reductions (Cook reductions) is an abstraction of a very intuitive concept: efficiently solving a problem by using an algorithm for a different problem. However, in the theory of $\mathcal{NP}$-comple...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/84161?sort=oldest
Hopf algebras examples Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Following Richard Borcherds' questions 34110 and 61315, I'm looking for interesting examples of Hopf algebras for an introductory Hopf algebras graduate course. Some of the examples I know are...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/discrete-math/18963-inductive-proof-size-power-sets-print.html
# inductive proof of size of power sets Printable View • September 14th 2007, 10:07 AM polypus inductive proof of size of power sets hi everybody, i have written an inductive proof of the statement that for any set $S$ $| \wp(S) | = 2 ^ {|S|}$ I am using my own notation for denoting set union with a disjoint set o...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/28776/does-the-ideal-class-of-the-different-of-a-number-field-have-a-canonical-square/33165
## Does (the ideal class of) the different of a number field have a canonical square root? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) A theorem of Hecke (discussed in this question) shows that if $L$ is a number field, then the image of the different $\ma...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/14758/flux-homomorphism-for-manifolds-with-boundary
Flux homomorphism for manifolds with boundary Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi all, I am wondering whether someone has considered the definition of the flux homomorphism for manifolds with boundary. More specifically, I am looking at the annulus...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/119177-difficulty-writing-summation-notation.html
# Thread: 1. ## Difficulty writing the summation notation.. I'm having some difficulty writing the geometric summation notation of this question: 3. a) write the series 10 + 5 + 5/2 + 5/4 + 5/8 + 5/16 + 5/32 using summation notation (sigma). I discovered each term is divided by 2 so in this case r= 1/2 The formula...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=388482
Physics Forums ## against natural tendencies? 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data CONSIDER A SITUATION AN ELECTRON SAY MOVING ON THE SCREEN OF UR COMPUTER FROM BOTTOM TO TOP . SUDDENLY A MAGNETIC FIELD IS SWITCHED ON OUTWARDS TOWARDS YOUR FACE FROM THE SCREEN . NOW VISUALISE THE MOTION OF E...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/112772/how-to-find-co-ordinates-of-a-point-from-four-points-that-can-translate-or-rotat
# How to find co-ordinates of a point from four points that can translate or rotate? All these points form a rigid body. I have a rigid body that translates and/or rotates about an axis perpendicular to the screen. I have co-ordinates of four points on the rigid body. How can I get the co-ordinates of a unknown point ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/37757-adding-fractions.html
# Thread: 1. ## adding fractions Show how to solve 5 3/4+ 1 2/3 in two different ways. In each case, express your answer as a mixed number. Explain why both of the methods are legitimate. Thank you The numbers above are fractiones 2. Hi how to solve 5 3/4+ 1 2/3 in two different ways What are you supposed to solv...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/24094/thermodynamics-and-cross-entropy?answertab=votes
# Thermodynamics and cross entropy I am facing with the concept of cross entropy. I would like to know the thermodynamic and statistical meaning of cross entropy (if exists)? - What is cross entropy? Can you define it or provide a reference? – Vijay Murthy Apr 20 '12 at 20:16 – Emanuele Luzio Apr 21 '12 at 9:42 ## ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/24881/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 187 characters in body Just as in any area of mathematics, different parts of the subject have different strengths. The theory of Reverse Mathematics investigates these strengths by determining for a large number of mathematical theorems, including theorems arising in the development of fi...
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http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/index.php?title=User:Michiexile/MATH198/Lecture_10&diff=32078&oldid=32053
# User:Michiexile/MATH198/Lecture 10 ### From HaskellWiki (Difference between revisions) | | | | ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/90234/positive-weighted-directed-graphs
## positive weighted directed graphs ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Consider a directed graph with real-number weights on the edges. I'll call the graph "positive" if the sum of weights along every circuit is positive. (It's easy to check for ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/16850/is-0-0-0-an-undefined-vector?answertab=votes
# Is (0,0,0) an undefined vector? I'm not sure what to make of the direction of a vector with components (0,0,0). Is it an undefined vector? - – Qmechanic♦ Nov 11 '11 at 22:01 ## 2 Answers There's absolutely nothing wrong with a vector having all zero components. But a vector like that does have an undefined direc...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/math-topics/166961-mechanics.html
Thread: 1. Mechanics Which is the right answer of R? Rcos27-85g=0 R= 85g/cos27 R= 935N or R-85gcos27=0 R=85gcos27 R= 742N Im bit confused. In M1, I was told to use the Second method, which is right for M1. But Im doing M2 atm, and the solution uses the first method. Can someone explain? Attached Thumbnails 2. ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/37864/longitudinal-and-transverse-part-of-vector-field-components
# Longitudinal and transverse part of vector field components I was reviewing a paper of coupling to vector field and tensor field. I have got stuck with the term $$A_k \varepsilon^{kmn}\partial_mV_n=V^{T}.(\nabla\times A^{T})-\nabla.(A^{T}\times V^{T})+V^{T}.(\nabla\times A^{L})-\nabla.(A^{L}\times V^{T})$$ Where $A^...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/tagged/history
Tagged Questions 1answer 100 views Sequences equdistributed modulo 1 Let $\alpha$ be any positive irrational and $\beta$ be any positive real. We have the following results. H. Weyl (1909): The fractional part of the sequence $\alpha n$ is equidist … 0answers 6 views Embedded associated prime $\underline{\textbf{E...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/business-math/189858-european-call-option.html
# Thread: 1. ## European call option Consider a binomial model with one period and with parameters r(=interest rate) = 1/5, S_0 = 1, d = 3/4, u = 5/4. Compute the price of a European call option with strike price K = 1, and find a replicating portfolio. u(=upfactor) and d(=downfactor) are the following parameters: $u...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/52863/number-of-ways-to-multiply-elements-with-a-non-associative-operation?answertab=votes
# Number of ways to multiply elements with a non-associative operation The question comes from considerations in algebra but it's probably more related to combinatorics. Suppose I have a set of $n$ elements $(a, b, c, ...)$ and a possibly non-associative operation $*$ between these elements. What I want to do is to ...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_distance
# Geographical distance Geodesy Fundamentals Concepts Technologies Standards History Geographical distance is the distance measured along the surface of the earth. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This dis...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/111592/prove-a-rightarrow-b-rightarrow-a-rightarrow-a
# Prove: $((A \rightarrow B) \rightarrow A) \rightarrow A )$ How could I derive the following proposition: $$((A \rightarrow B) \rightarrow A) \rightarrow A )$$ using any of the following axioms: 1) $A→(B→A)$ 2) $(A→(B→C))→((A→B)→(A→C))$ 3) $((¬B)→(¬A))→(A→B)$ - 1 You have supplied only axioms, and no rules of ...
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http://planetmath.org/grothendieckgroup
# Grothendieck group Let $S$ be an abelian semigroup. The Grothendieck group of $S$ is $K(S)=S\times S/\mathord{\sim}$, where $\sim$ is the equivalence relation: $(s,t)\sim(u,v)$ if there exists $r\in S$ such that $s+v+r=t+u+r$. This is indeed an abelian group with zero element $(s,s)$ (any $s\in S$), inverse $-(s,t)=...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/15202?sort=oldest
## Different interpretations of moduli stacks ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I'm taking my first steps in the language of stacks, and would like something cleared up. The intuitive idea of moduli spaces is that each point corresponds to an obj...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/238906/how-many-distinct-n-letter-words-can-be-formed-from-a-set-of-k-letters-where-s/267670
# How many distinct n-letter “words” can be formed from a set of k letters where some of the letters are repeated? How many distinct n-letter "words" can be formed from a set of k letters where some of the letters are repeated? Examples: __ How many 6-letter words can be formed from the letters: ABBCCC? This is el...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/98764/simplicity-of-cuntz-algebra/99478
# Simplicity of Cuntz algebra It is well known that the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal{O}_N$ (for fixed $N$) is simple. Is there any easy way to exhibit it (as a Banach algebra only) as a quotient of a Banach algebra modulo some maximal ideal? Of course, I am not interested in the quotient of the form $\mathcal{O}_N/ \{0\}$....
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/1151/sheaf-cohomology-and-injective-resolutions/1153
## Sheaf cohomology and injective resolutions ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) In defining sheaf cohomology (say in Hartshorne), a common approach seems to be defining the cohomology functors as derived functors. Is there any conceptual reason f...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/6867/how-does-slow-anti-hydrogen-annihilate-with-normal-matter-in-the-lab
# How does slow anti-hydrogen annihilate with normal matter in the lab? In a recent article: Physical Review A 83, 032903 (2011), A.Yu. Voronin, P.Froelich, V.V. Nesvizhevsky, Antihydrogen Gravitational Quantum States the authors claim that anti-hydrogen has a lifetime of 0.1 seconds when placed in a container with m...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/forces+newtonian-gravity
# Tagged Questions 1answer 32 views ### Falling through the ground [duplicate] I do not know much about physics but I know that according to Newtons third law of motion when we walk we are pushing the ground down but the ground is pushing us up. What force is making the ground ... 3answers 265 views ### Force inver...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/248617/bounds-for-maximal-blowup-contained-in-graph/248657
# Bounds for maximal blowup contained in graph In my homework, I'm asked to prove the following: By denoting $b_n(r,\epsilon)$ - the largest integer $b$ so that any graph with $(1-\frac{1}{r} +\epsilon)\frac{n^2}{2}$ edges, contains a $b$-blowup of $K_{r+1}$ (meaning, that it contains a complete $r+1$-partite graph, w...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/newtonian-mechanics?page=4&sort=newest&pagesize=15
# Tagged Questions Newtonian mechanics covers the discussion of the movement of classical bodies under the influence of forces by making use of Newton’s three laws. For more general discussion of energy, momentum conservation etc., use classical-mechanics, for Newton’s description of gravity, use newtonian-gravity. 2...
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http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Maximum_flow_problem
# All Science Fair Projects ## Science Fair Project Encyclopedia for Schools! Search    Browse    Forum  Coach    Links    Editor    Help    Tell-a-Friend    Encyclopedia    Dictionary # Science Fair ...
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http://gowers.wordpress.com/2012/03/21/endre-szemeredi-wins-the-2012-abel-prize/
# Gowers's Weblog Mathematics related discussions ## Endre Szemeredi wins the 2012 Abel Prize If you were looking for a clue about this year’s winner, you could perhaps have paid attention to the curious incident of my recent Mathoverflow question. “But you haven’t asked any Mathoverflow questions recently.” That ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/177029/on-the-relationship-between-fermats-last-theorem-and-elliptic-curves/177044
# On the relationship between Fermats Last Theorem and Elliptic Curves I have to give a presentation on elliptic curves in general. It does not have to be very in depth. I have a very basic understanding of elliptic curves (The most I understand is the concept of ranks). I was wondering if anyone could explain to me s...
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http://www.ams.org/bookstore?fn=20&arg1=survseries&ikey=SURV-169
New Titles  |  FAQ  |  Keep Informed  |  Review Cart  |  Contact Us Quick Search (Advanced Search ) Browse by Subject General Interest Logic & Foundations Number Theory Algebra & Algebraic Geometry Discrete Math & Combinatorics Ana...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/67509/extending-a-bi-invariant-metric-from-a-set-of-generators-to-the-whole-group
## Extending a bi-invariant metric from a set of generators to the whole group. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $S$ be a symmetric set of generators of the (finite) group $G$. Having a bi-invariant metric $d$ on $S$ (meaning that whenever $...
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http://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/functional-style
# Tagged Questions Questions about Mathematica's functional programming style, including the use of pure functions (Function[], #, &) and functions such as Map, Apply, Nest, and Through. 1answer 107 views ### Why is this code in functional style is slower than procedural style? I know that in Mathematica a function...
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http://nrich.maths.org/7547
### More Mods What is the units digit for the number 123^(456) ? ### Days and Dates Investigate how you can work out what day of the week your birthday will be on next year, and the year after... ### Mod 3 Prove that if a^2+b^2 is a multiple of 3 then both a and b are multiples of 3. # Filling the Gaps ##### Sta...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2010/02/23/proving-the-classification-theorem-ii/
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Proving the Classification Theorem II We continue with the proof of the classification theorem that we started yesterday. 1. No more than three edges (counting multiplicities) can be incident on any given vertex of $\Gamma$. 2. Consider some vector $\epsilon\in\mathfrak{D}$, and l...
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http://www.cfd-online.com/W/index.php?title=Introduction_to_turbulence/Statistical_analysis/Estimation_from_a_finite_number_of_realizations&diff=8191&oldid=7839
[Sponsors] Home > Wiki > Introduction to turbulence/Statistical analysis/Estimation fro... # Introduction to turbulence/Statistical analysis/Estimation from a finite number of realizations ### From CFD-Wiki (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/38360/distribution-of-transformed-multinomial-variable
## Distribution of transformed multinomial variable? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Suppose we have a uniform multinomial distribution over $2^d$ outcomes. Multinomial coefficients give distribution of vector valued variable $v$ where $v$ is t...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/32248/extraordinary-cohomology-as-a-derived-functor
## Extraordinary cohomology as a derived functor? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) The purpose of this question is to find out whether one can view the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence as a particular case of the "composition of derived funct...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/124908-homework-question-pythag-th-i-think.html
# Thread: 1. ## homework question...pythag th i think Assume the earth is a perfectly round sphere with a radius of 4000 miles and that 1 mile=5280 feet. How far does the horizon appear to be to a 5-ft person on a clear day? Explain. i thought the answer would be just a small fraction over 4000 miles, so essentially...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/219500/dominated-convergence-with-continuous-variable
# Dominated Convergence with continuous variable? Let $f(x,y)$ be a real valued function of two variables, defined for $a<y<b, c<x<d$. Assume that for each $x, f(x,.)$ is a Borel measurable function of $y$, and that there is a Borel measurable function $g: (a,b)\to$ $\Bbb R$ such that $|f(x,y)|<= g(y)$ for all $x,y$ a...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapezoidal_rule
Trapezoidal rule This article is about the quadrature rule for approximating integrals. For the implicit trapezoidal rule for solving initial value problems, see Trapezoidal rule (differential equations). For the explicit trapezoidal rule for solving initial value problems, see Heun's method. The function f(x) (in blu...
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http://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/dgleich/nmcomp/homeworks/homework-1-soln.html
# Network & Matrix Computations ### CIVL 2123 $\newcommand{\mat}[1]{\boldsymbol{#1}} \renewcommand{\vec}[1]{\boldsymbol{\mathrm{#1}}} \newcommand{\vecalt}[1]{\boldsymbol{#1}} \newcommand{\conj}[1]{\overline{#1}} \newcommand{\normof}[1]{\|#1\|} \newcommand{\onormof}[2]{\|#1\|_{#2}} \newcommand{\itr}[2]{#1^{(#2)}} \new...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/153647-area-quadrilateral.html
# Thread: 1. ## Area of the quadrilateral 2. The triangles BOC, OQC, on the same base BQ, have the same "height" (namely the perpendicular distance from C to BQ). Since the area of BOC is twice the area of OQC, it follows that $BO = 2OQ$. By a similar argument from the triangles COB, OBP, it follows that $CO = \frac5...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/49568-locate-discontinuities.html
# Thread: 1. ## Locate the discontinuities Can someone tell me if my logic behind this question is correct $<br /> y=ln(\tan^2(x))<br />$ the answer is $<br /> n\pi/2 <br />$ where 'n' is any integer logic: since arctangent is the inverse of tangent and $<br /> -\pi/2 \le arctan \le \pi/2<br />$ multiplying th...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/81379/list
## Return to Answer 3 added 226 characters in body Oops, I was thinking of a Lie group. Edit: On a Lie group, it is pretty easy to test for integrability. Take a basis of complex linear left invariant 1-forms (i.e. left translate from a choice of such 1-forms on the Lie algebra). Then compute their exterior derivativ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-applied-math/20844-magnitude-forces-print.html
# magnitude of the forces Printable View • October 18th 2007, 12:26 PM rcmango magnitude of the forces A 32 kg crate rests on a horizontal floor, and a 69 kg person is standing on the crate. Determine the magnitude of the normal force that the floor exerts on the crate. N Determine the magnitude of the normal force ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/88184?sort=newest
## What is the significance of non-commutative geometry in mathematics? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) This is a question that has been winding around my head for a long time and I have not found a convincing answer. The title says everything,...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/56063/minimum-degree-of-a-graph-and-existence-of-perfect-matching
# Minimum degree of a graph and existence of perfect matching I was reading a result where the following proposition appears as a preliminary step (and left as exercise): Claim: Suppose $G$ is a graph on $n$ vertices ($n$ even and $n \geqslant 3$) with minimum degree at least $n/2$. Show that $G$ contains a perfect m...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/26848?sort=votes
## Looking for an interesting problem/riddle involving triple integrals. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Does anyone know some good problem in real analysis, the solution of which involves triple integrals, and which is suitable for second seme...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/6186?sort=newest
## Counting solutions to x^{p+1}=y^4 in a finite field ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I need to compute the number of solutions to the equation $x^{p+1} = y^4$ in the field with $p^2$ elements (for p sufficiently large). The form of the equati...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/101851/generating-a-sigma-algebra
# Generating a $\sigma$-algebra [duplicate] Possible Duplicate: Preimage of generated $\sigma$-algebra I wish to prove the following: "Let $X$ be a set and $\mathcal{A}$ a family of subsets of $X$, and $\Sigma_{\mathcal{A}}$ the $\sigma$-algebra of subsets of $X$ generated by $\mathcal{A}$. Suppose that $Y$ is anoth...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/209649-need-help-exponential-equations.html
# Thread: 1. ## Need help with exponential equations 2x + 2x+1 + 2x+2 = 56 The solution is the following: 2x + 2 * 2x+ 4 * 2x = 56 Why is that? I don't understand how it came to this. Where did the 4 come from? How come there's so many 2s? 7 * 2x = 56 2x = 8 How did 56 turn into 8? Shouldn't it be 82 instead of...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?s=f0c0b1cffc26d4e3c9eedaf470b07057&p=4333562
Physics Forums Page 2 of 2 < 1 2 ## problems with calclulating power By the way seeing this, How could that be that the arm multiplier is less than 1, so the force we apply with an arm less long than 1m will be gone? Interesting world is the world of physics... What a dumbium. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_large_numbers
# Law of large numbers An illustration of the law of large numbers using a particular run of rolls of a single die. As the number of rolls in this run increases, the average of the values of all the results approaches 3.5. While different runs would show a different shape over a small number of throws (at the left), o...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/category-theory
# Tagged Questions Various structures are studied in category theory using properties of objects and morphisms between them. Many construction are special cases of categorical limits and colimits (e.g. products in various categories). The notions of functor and natural transformations are very important in category .....
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/77209/eigenvalue-densities-of-sample-covariance-matrices-when-the-population-covariance/78843
## Eigenvalue densities of sample covariance matrices when the population covariance matrix is a perturbed identity matrix ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) TLDR: I'm looking for a random matrix theory reference for the eigenvalue densities of sa...
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http://motls.blogspot.com.au/2012/07/mostly-good-news-on-fermi-130gev-line.html?m=1
# The Reference Frame Our stringy Universe from a conservative viewpoint ## Friday, July 20, 2012 ### Mostly good news on the Fermi $$130\GeV$$ line Dark matter may be starting to shine in front of our eyes Someone at the Physics Stack Exchange asked about the recent status of the $$130\GeV$$ line located in the F...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/258591/hessian-equivalence
Hessian equivalence Let $F: R^n \longrightarrow R$ be twice differentiable and $x,y \in R^n$ with $F(x)=F(y)$. Further let $\phi [0,1] \rightarrow R^n$ be a nice curve with $\phi(0)=x$ and $\phi(1)=y$. If we know that $F(\phi(t))=F(x)$ for all $t\in [0,1]$. What does this imply for the Hessians at the points $\phi(t)$...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/211370/linear-combination-of-vectors
# Linear Combination of vectors I have a previous post here. There is a part b to that question and it asks: Let $x=(1,1,1)^T$. Write x as a linear combination of $u_1, u_2, u_3$ using Parseval's formula to compute $||x||$. I know how to compute $||x||$, it's simply the magnitude. However I am totally unsure how do t...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/27361/do-actual-sudoku-puzzles-have-a-unique-rational-solution/27514
## Do actual Sudoku puzzles have a unique rational solution? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Here is a question in the intersection of mathematics and sociology. There is a standard way to encode a Sudoku puzzle as an integer programming proble...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/207311/convergence-in-function-space?answertab=active
# convergence in function space Maybe is a silly question, but for some reason I am confused... If $\mathcal{F}$ is a normed space of real functions and $\displaystyle{ f \in \mathcal{\bar F } }$ then there exists a sequence of functions $\displaystyle{ (f_n ) \subset \mathcal{F} }$ such that $\displaystyle{ f_n \to ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/255130/how-to-do-lebesgue-decomposition-in-this-problem
How to do Lebesgue decomposition in this problem? $\{x_n\}$ is a sequence in $\mathbb{R}$ and $\{p_n\}$ is a sequence of positive numbers. Define a $\sigma$-finite measure $\nu(E)=\sum_{x_n\in E}p_n$. Find the Lebesgue decomposition of $\nu$ with respect to Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{R}$. My solution: Let $S=\{x_n...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/computer-science+numerical-linear-algebra
Tagged Questions 1answer 74 views Floating point arithmetic How can I prove that : a real number has a finite representation in the binary system if and only if it is of the form $$\pm \frac{m}{2^n}$$ where n and m are positive integers. 3answers 297 views Approximate a convolution as a sum of separable convolution...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/116899/if-f-is-a-non-constant-analytic-function-on-a-compact-domain-d-then-ref/116912
# If $f$ is a non-constant analytic function on a compact domain $D$, then $Re(f)$ and $Im(f)$ assume their max and min on the boundary of $D$. This is a homework problem I got, my attempted proof is: Since $f$ is non constant and analytic, $f=u(x)+iv(y)$ where neither $u$ nor $v$ is constant(by Cauchy Riemann equati...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/2758/decimal-to-binary-question/2760
# Decimal to binary question [closed] This is an easy question, but I can't explain it lol, how would you guys explain it? There is a procedure for converting a decimal number to binary in the following way: repeatedly divide the number by 2, writing the quotient and remainder at each step. Stop when 0 is obtained as...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/number-theory/22069-composite-number-proof-help.html
# Thread: 1. ## Composite number proof help Hello, I am having trouble with following proof: Prove that all integers 2^2^(2n+1) +3 2^2^(4n+1) +7 , n = 1, 2, 3 ... are composite. Any help is appreciated , Thanks - Kate 2. Originally Posted by katie07 Hello, I am having trouble with following proof: Prove that al...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/87735/is-the-integral-int-0-infty-frac-mathrmd-x1x21xa-equal-for-a
# Is the integral $\int_0^\infty \frac{\mathrm{d} x}{(1+x^2)(1+x^a)}$ equal for all $a \neq 0$? Let $a$ be a non-zero real number. Is it true that $\int_0^\infty \frac{\mathrm{d} x}{(1+x^2)(1+x^a)}$ is independent on $a$ ? Any proof? - 2 – Did Dec 2 '11 at 22:36 ## 4 Answers Let $\mathcal{I}(a)$ denote the inte...
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http://www.nag.com/numeric/cl/nagdoc_cl23/html/S/s17agc.html
# NAG Library Function Documentnag_airy_ai (s17agc) ## 1  Purpose nag_airy_ai (s17agc) returns a value for the Airy function $\mathrm{Ai}\left(x\right)$. ## 2  Specification #include <nag.h> #include <nags.h> double nag_airy_ai (double x, NagError *fail) ## 3  Description nag_airy_ai (s17agc) evaluates an appr...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/126886/is-the-fermat-scheme-xpyp-zp-always-normal
# Is the Fermat scheme $x^p+y^p=z^p$ always normal Let $K$ be a number field with ring of integers $O_K$. Is the closed subscheme $X$ of $\mathbf{P}^2_{O_K}$ given by the homogeneous equation $x^p+y^p=z^p$ normal? I know that this is true if $K=\mathbf{Q}$. (My method of proof is a bit awkward.) I expect the answer...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/53050/why-does-gravity-assist-transfer-twice-the-planets-velocity
# Why does gravity assist transfer twice the planet's velocity? In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering a gravitational slingshot (also known as gravity assist manoeuver or swing-by) is the use of the relative movement and gravity of a planet or other celestial body to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/11584/cases-of-any-known-fundamental-physical-constants-changing-within-our-locality/11585
# Cases of any known fundamental physical constants changing within our locality? Has there been any cases where the only explanation has been that at least one of the physical constants must have changed to explain an experiment/event/obervation? I am not intrested in large scale obsorvations such Gaolaxies holding t...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/118176-t-projection-normal-then-t-orthogonal-projection.html
# Thread: 1. ## T is a projection and normal, then T is orthogonal projection Question: Let $T$ be a normal operator on a finite-dimensional inner product space. Prove that if $T$ is a projection, then $T$ is also an orthogonal projection. Attempt: Since $T$ is normal, $TT^* = T^*T$ and since $T$ is a projection, th...
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http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodge_dual
# Hodge dual In mathematics, the Hodge star operator or Hodge dual is a significant linear map introduced in general by W. V. D. Hodge. It is defined on the exterior algebra of a finite-dimensional oriented inner product space. ## Dimensionalities and algebra Suppose that n is the dimensionality of the oriented inne...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/45053/the-cleverest-way-to-calculate-left-hatam-hata-dagger-n-right-wi
# The cleverest way to calculate $\left[\hat{a}^{M},\hat{a}^{\dagger N}\right]$ with $\left[\hat{a},\hat{a}^{\dagger}\right]=1$ Who can provide me some elegant solution for $$\left[\hat{a}^{M},\hat{a}^{\dagger N}\right]\qquad\text{with} \qquad\left[\hat{a},\hat{a}^{\dagger}\right]~=~1$$ other than brute force calcul...
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http://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/intervals?sort=votes&pagesize=15
# Tagged Questions Mathematica's Interval Arithmetic is capable of handling the uncertainty in a rational manner 2answers 361 views ### Can Mathematica Handle Open Intervals? Interval complements? Open Intervals Following up on this question, I was wondering whether Mma can handle open intervals. For example, the u...
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http://www.nag.com/numeric/CL/nagdoc_cl23/html/S/s21ccc.html
# NAG Library Function Documentnag_jacobian_theta (s21ccc) ## 1  Purpose nag_jacobian_theta (s21ccc) returns the value of one of the Jacobian theta functions ${\theta }_{0}\left(x,q\right)$, ${\theta }_{1}\left(x,q\right)$, ${\theta }_{2}\left(x,q\right)$, ${\theta }_{3}\left(x,q\right)$ or ${\theta }_{4}\left(x,q\ri...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/110129/smooth-group-scheme-genrically-abelien
## smooth group scheme genrically abelien ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let J a smooth group scheme over a smooth connected base S. I assume, that over an open subset U of S, J is a torus, do I have that J is abelian? - 1 If $S$ is any sch...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/27324/what-are-some-naturally-occurring-high-degree-polynomials/27333
## What Are Some Naturally-Occurring High-Degree Polynomials? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) To construct J. H. Conway's look-and-say sequence, begin by putting down a 1 as the first entry. The other entries are found by saying the previous en...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/519/how-do-you-prove-that-a-group-specified-by-a-presentation-is-infinite/606
# How do you prove that a group specified by a presentation is infinite? The group: $$G = \left\langle x, y \; \left| \; x^2 = y^3 = (xy)^7 = 1\right. \right\rangle$$ is infinite, or so I've been told. How would I go about proving this? (To prove finiteness of a finitely presented group, I could do a coset enumerati...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area
# Area The combined area of these three shapes is 15.56 squares. Area is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the a...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/55471/list
## Return to Answer 4 Added: Complement Dear Hugo, the wonderful formalism of schemes allows us to have a Riemann-Roch theorem for a projective curve $X$ over an arbitrary field $k$, even without any assumption of smoothness. It says, like in the good old times of Riemann surfaces, that for a Cartier divisor $D$ on $...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/55524/rule-with-independent-random-variables-and-conditional-expectations
# Rule with independent random variables and conditional expectations I want to use a rule for conditional expectation I found in (German) wikipedia, not in my script/textbook of probability theory, I guess it should be simple and follow more or less straight from the general definition (I want have a proof to be sure...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/22353?sort=votes
Do you know of any asymmetric, nonparametric measure of dependence? Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) A measure of dependence is a way to assign a number (usually normalized between 0 and 1) to a couple of random variable, such that $\delta(X,Y)=0$ i...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/149610/exact-value-of-an-integral?answertab=votes
# Exact value of an integral I have a problem with getting the exact value of this integral : $$\int_{x}^{+\infty}\frac{e^{-t}}{t}dt$$ Any help would be much appreciated. - 2 – Norbert May 25 '12 at 12:09 7 I downvoted because "I need it as soon as possible" is not what I want to see on this site. – Asaf Karagila ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/85182-left-right-cosets-print.html
# Left and Right Cosets Printable View • April 22nd 2009, 09:59 PM mpryal Left and Right Cosets Let G = S3, the symmetric group of degree 3 and let H = {i,f} where f(x1) = x2, f(x2) = x1, f(x3) = x3 a) find all the left cosets of H in G b) find all the right cosets of H in G c) Is every left coset of H a right coset ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/8417/conditional-expectation-of-convolution-product-equals
## Conditional expectation of convolution product equals.. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $X, Y$ be two $L^1$ random variables on the probablity space $(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, P)$. Let $\mathcal{G} \subset \mathcal{F}$ be a sub-$\sigma$-alge...
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http://medlibrary.org/medwiki/Gallager_code
# Gallager code Welcome to MedLibrary.org. For best results, we recommend beginning with the navigation links at the top of the page, which can guide you through our collection of over 14,000 medication labels and package inserts. For additional information on other topics which are not covered by our database of medi...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/106265/list
## Return to Question 2 added 22 characters in body In Fonctions L p-adiques des corps quadratiques imaginaires et de leurs extensions abéliennes, J. Reine Angew. Math. 358 (1985), 76–91, Roland Gillard shows the following result (I mainly follow the MR review here): Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field and let $...
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http://medlibrary.org/medwiki/Soft_body_dynamics
# Soft body dynamics Welcome to MedLibrary.org. For best results, we recommend beginning with the navigation links at the top of the page, which can guide you through our collection of over 14,000 medication labels and package inserts. For additional information on other topics which are not covered by our database of...
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