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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/10267/distribution-of-non-solvable-group-orders
## distribution of non-solvable group orders ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) let $M$ be the set of natural numbers such that there is a group of this order, which is not solvable. what is the minimal distance $D$ of two numbers in $M$? the exa...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split-radix_FFT_algorithm
# Split-radix FFT algorithm The split-radix FFT is a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm for computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and was first described in an initially little-appreciated paper by R. Yavne (1968) and subsequently rediscovered simultaneously by various authors in 1984. (The name "split r...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/111868?sort=votes
## The use of Hall algebras in physics ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I once read a statement (not memorized precisely) that a certain physics quantity between two states of charge $d_1$ and $d_2$ respectively could be computed by running over...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/1501/does-projectiveness-descend-along-field-extensions
## Does projectiveness descend along field extensions? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Background: Properness is a much more robust notion than projectiveness. For example, properness descends along arbitrary fpqc covers (see, for example, Vist...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/momentum+education
# Tagged Questions 1answer 75 views ### Can electromagnetic momentum be introduced at pre-university level as for electromagnetic energy? Electromagnetic energy is introduced at pre-university level, starting with static electric energy followed by static magnetic energy. But the introduction of electromagnetic mome...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/28911/number-of-solutions-of-a-linear-equation-in-a-small-subset
## Number of solutions of a linear equation in a small subset. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $p$ be a prime. Let $F_p$ be the finite field of $p$ elements. Let $A$ be a subset of $F_p$ of size $s$. Assume that $s > 2$ is polylogarithmic i...
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http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decomposition_of_spectrum_(functional_analysis)
# Decomposition of spectrum (functional analysis) The spectrum of a linear operator $T$ that operates on a Banach space $X$ (a fundamental concept of functional analysis) consists of all scalars $\lambda$ such that the operator $T-\lambda$ does not have a bounded inverse on $X$. The spectrum has a standard decompositi...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showpost.php?p=292015&postcount=3
Thread: Christoffel symbol as tensor View Single Post Blog Entries: 47 Recognitions: Gold Member Homework Help Science Advisor Here's a quote from Wald. I have highlighted what I think are the important parts. From Wald, p. 33. Thus, we have shown that $\tilde\nabla_a - \nabla_a$ defines a map of dual vectors a...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/56356/for-examples-in-probability/56357
## for examples in probability [closed] ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Give an example satisfying the following conditions: give out a sequence of random variables defined on a probability space, and a sub sigma algebra: the sequence converges...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/math-challenge-problems/45963-russian-roulette-based-puzzle.html
# Thread: 1. ## Russian Roulette Based Puzzle The mafia has kidnapped you and says that if you answer a question of theirs correctly that they will let you go free: There are 4 guns on a table in front of you and another is being held to your head. Of the 5, one gun has 1 chamber, one has 2 chambers, one has 3, anot...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/5904/must-basis-of-an-euclidean-space-be-ordered/5926
# Must Basis of an Euclidean Space Be Ordered Does the basis of an Euclidean space have to be ordered by definition? Or can be left unordered? I was also wondering about what is the morphism (i.e. the mapping that can preserve all the structures) on Euclidean spaces? Is it Euclidean transformation (rigid transformati...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/21383/applications-of-cauchys-arm-lemma/21400
## Applications of Cauchy’s Arm Lemma ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Cauchy's Arm Lemma is used in the proof of Cauchy's Rigidity Theorem for convex polyhedra. The Lemma states that in the plane or on the sphere that if all but one of the side...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2011/04/11/the-tangent-bundle-of-a-euclidean-space/?like=1&_wpnonce=401286028f
The Unapologetic Mathematician The Tangent Bundle of a Euclidean Space Let’s look at the tangent bundle to a Euclidean space. That is, we let $V$ be a finite-dimensional real vector space with its standard differentiable structure and see what these constructions look like. Well, if $V$ has dimension $n$, then we kn...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/20403/pair-correlation-function-for-a-inhomogeneous-laughlin-droplet
# Pair correlation function for a inhomogeneous Laughlin droplet Pair correlation function for the usual Laughlin droplet is defined as $g(\vec{r})$: $$\rho_0 g(\vec{r})=\frac{1}{N}\langle\sum_i^N \sum_{j \neq i}^N \delta(\vec{r}-\vec{r_i}+\vec{r_j})\rangle$$, where $\rho_0=\frac{\nu}{2\pi l_0^2}$. So if now the Laugh...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/15902/one-dimensional-phi-gamma-modules-in-char-p/15940
One dimensional (phi,Gamma)-modules in char p Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I would like to better understand the simplest case of the correspondence between Galois representations and (phi,Gamma)-modules. Namely, consider 1-dimensional Galois re...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/tags/media/hot
# Tag Info ## Hot answers tagged media 33 ### How exactly does one “control for other variables”? There are many ways to control for variables. The easiest, and one you came up with, is to stratify your data so you have sub-groups with similar characteristics - there are then methods to pool those results together ...
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http://www.impan.pl/cgi-bin/dict?contradiction
## contradiction [see also: contrary, otherwise] To obtain a contradiction, we suppose that ...... Suppose, to derive a contradiction, that ...... Striving for a contradiction, suppose that ...... Aiming for a contradiction, suppose that ...... Suppose, towards a contradiction $\langle$for contradiction$\rangle$,...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/drag
# Tagged Questions The drag tag has no wiki summary. 1answer 60 views ### In tennis, why does topspin serve bounce higher than flat serve? When receiving servers (while playing tennis), I've noticed that the tennis ball seems to bounce up higher on me when the server uses a topspin serve than when the server hits a...
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http://mathoverflow.net/users/19949?tab=favorites
# Ronnie Brown 5,209 Reputation 2331 views ## Registered User Name Ronnie Brown Member for 3 years Seen 2 hours ago Website Location Age 78 I was a research student of Henry Whitehead till 1960, when he died suddenly at Princeton; then Michael Barratt, as new su...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/145182-integration-product-two-exponential-functions.html
# Thread: 1. ## Integration of product of two exponential functions Hello, I apologise in advance if this is a naive question (which it probably is) but my maths is very rusty and my old notes and text books don't seem to cover this particular problem. What is the correct approach to integrating the product of two ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/52891/what-if-f-neq-fracdpdt
# What if $F\neq \frac{dp}{dt}$? I was thinking of this idea that maybe there are esoteric cases where the force is not given in classical mechanics as $F=dp/dt$ but as some function of $F=F(p,q,\dot{p},\dot{q})$ E.g, something like: $k\cdot \frac{dp}{dq}$ with a suitable constant $k$, or any other sort of function o...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_function
# Analytic function Not to be confused with analytic expression or analytic signal. In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series. There exist both real analytic functions and complex analytic functions, categories that are similar in some ways, but different in...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/Gelfand_representation
Definitions # Gelfand representation In mathematics, the Gelfand representation in functional analysis (named after I. M. Gelfand) has two related meanings: • a way of representing commutative Banach algebras as algebras of continuous functions; • the fact that for commutative C*-algebras, this representation is an ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/3389-find-domain-print.html
# Find Domain Printable View • June 11th 2006, 06:44 PM Kiwigirl Solve equations 1. Give the range of the function y = tan^-1 x 2. Give the value of tan^-1 5 • June 11th 2006, 06:56 PM ThePerfectHacker 1 Attachment(s) Quote: Originally Posted by Kiwigirl $y\in (-\pi/2,\pi/2)$ The second way. The function $\tan^{-1...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/forecasting+machine-learning
# Tagged Questions 2answers 211 views ### Predicting time series with NNs: should the data set be shuffled? Suppose I'm trying to predict time series with a neural network. The data set is created from a single column of temporal data, where the inputs of each pattern are ... 5answers 384 views ### How to handle on...
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http://motls.blogspot.com/2012/06/why-matrix-theory-contains-membranes.html?m=0
# The Reference Frame ## Thursday, June 07, 2012 ... ///// ### Why M(atrix) theory contains membranes A week ago, I wrote a long article on Matrix theory. I planned a few shorter additions and this is the first one. M-theory may stand for "mother", "magic", "mystery", "matrix", upside down "W" for "Witten" (this i...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/173530/unprovable-statements-in-zf
# Unprovable statements in ZF [duplicate] Possible Duplicate: Advantage of accepting the axiom of choice Advantage of accepting non-measurable sets As you all know, Banach-Tarski paradox is solely a consequence of Axiom of Choice, and I think it is just absurd. I'm trying to take ZF as my axiomatic model rather than...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/46826/influential-residual-vs-outlier
# Influential residual vs. outlier First, I should state that I have searched on this site for the answer. I either didn't find a question that answered my question or my knowledge level is so low I didn't realize I already read the answer. I am studying for the AP Statistics Exam. I have to learn linear regression a...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/4404/time-dilation-what-happens-when-you-bring-the-observers-back-together?answertab=votes
# Time Dilation - what happens when you bring the observers back together? I'm having trouble getting my head around the time dilation paradox. Observer A and B are at the same "depth" in a gravity well. Observer B then descends into the well. A will observe B's time as going slower than their own. B will observe A's...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/77152/increasing-union-of-contractible-cw-complexes/77155
## Increasing union of contractible CW complexes ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let X be CW complex. I'm trying to prove (using Zorn's lemma) that there is maximal contractible subcomplex. Problem is that I'm not able to show that increasing u...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=511174
Physics Forums Blog Entries: 1 Recognitions: Gold Member Science Advisor Staff Emeritus ## What is Heat? Written by Hootenanny. Edited by berkeman and Kurdt. Feel free to contact me with any questions, comments or corrections. What is Heat? One of the most frustrating misconceptions in Thermodynamics centres on th...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/turing-machines
# Tagged Questions This tag is suited for questions involving Turing machines. Not to be confused with finite state machines and finite automata. learn more… | top users | synonyms 1answer 36 views ### Complement of halting set is not r.e. suppose we don't know that Halting problem is not recursive. I want to prov...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/177658/a-number-theory-question-about-a-double-infimum
# A number theory question about a “double infimum” Let $x_1,x_2,x_3,\ldots,x_S$ be numbers with $x_i>-1$ for all $i$ and $x_k<0$ for some $k$. How can one show that \begin{equation} \inf_{s\in[1,S]}\inf_{t\in[1,s]}\prod_{i=t}^s (1+\frac{1}{2}x_i) < \inf_{s\in[1,S]}\inf_{t\in[1,s]}\prod_{i=t}^s (1+\frac{1}{4}x_i) \en...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/67968/how-many-minimal-pair-wise-coverings-can-there-be
## How many minimal pair-wise coverings can there be? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Suppose I have a set of finite sets: $X = \{V_1, V_2, V_3\}$ where each set called $V_i$ in $X$ contains a number of symbols (i.e. $V_1 = \{a,b,c\}$). $Z$ con...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/94690/is-anybody-researching-ternary-groups
# Is anybody researching “ternary” groups? As someone who has an undergraduate education in mathematics, but didn't take it any further, I have often wondered something. Of course mathematicians like to generalize ideas. i.e. it is often better to define and write proofs for a wider scope of objects than for a specif...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/users/16192/gt6989b?tab=activity&sort=comments
gt6989b reputation 310 bio location New York, NY age 34 member for 1 year, 8 months seen 12 hours ago profile views 150 | | | bio | visits | | | |------------|------------------|--------------|---------...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/156803-prime-numbers.html
# Thread: 1. ## Prime Numbers Here is my problem: Let a,b be nonzero integers. Prove that (a,b) = 1 if and only if (a+b, ab) = 1. Any suggestion on where to start? 2. You could try playing around with Bezout's identity. (From right to left) Suppose that $\gcd(a+b,ab)=1$. There exist integers $x,y$ such that $(a+b...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/32296/periodicity-theorems-in-generalized-cohomology-theories/32314
## Periodicity theorems in (generalized) cohomology theories ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) It is well-known that topological K-theory is blessed with the Bott periodicity theorem, which specifies an isomorphism between $K^2(X)$ and $K^0(X)$ (...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/93772/triangulations-of-polytopes-and-tilings-of-zonotopes
## Triangulations of polytopes and tilings of zonotopes ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Consider a set $A = \{ a_1,a_2,\ldots, a_n \}$ of vectors in $\mathbb{R}^d$, which lie in a common affine hyperplane. Two convex polytopes may be obtained f...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/7933/differentiable-function-germs-on-differentiable-manifolds
## Differentiable function germs on differentiable manifolds ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hello everyone, I was wondering if anyone knew how to prove that the map from $C^{\infty}(M)$ to $\xi (p)$, that is, from the infinitely differentiable...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-statistics/175983-expected-ranked-position-set-normal-distributed-random-variables.html
# Thread: 1. ## Expected ranked position of a set of normal-distributed random variables Given several normal-distributed random variables X1 .. Xn with means m1,m2,m3 .. mn and variance s1,s2,s3 .. sn respectively, how can the ranking (when sorted from highest to lowest) of a particular sample can be predicted in ge...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/42113/a-small-collection-of-large-subsets-covering-all-small-subsets/42115
## A small collection of large subsets covering all small subsets. ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $r,s,n$ be positive integers with $r < s < n$. Let $U = \{1,\ldots,n\}$. Let $S$ contain $s$-element subsets of $U$ (of our choosing). What ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/26890/principle-behind-fidelity-balance-in-quantum-cloning?answertab=votes
# Principle behind fidelity balance in quantum cloning If we do optimal state estimation on an unknown qubit, we can recreate a state with fidelity $F_c=2/3$ with respect to the original. Let us define the "quantum information content" $I_q=1-2/3=1/3$ as the "amount of fidelity lost" in this measurement procedure. If...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/68367/are-almost-commuting-hermitian-matrices-close-to-commuting-matrices-in-the-2-nor/68379
## Are almost commuting hermitian matrices close to commuting matrices (in the 2-norm)? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I consider on $M_n(\mathbb C)$ the normalized $2$-norm, i.e. the norm given by $\|A\|_2 = \sqrt{Tr(A^* A)/n}$. My question ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/70348/if-two-ideal-quotients-are-isomorphic-are-the-ideals-isomorphic
If two ideal quotients are isomorphic are the ideals isomorphic? [closed] Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Suppose $J_1$ and $J_2$ are two ideals in a ring both containing another ideal $I$. If $J_1/I \cong J_2/I$ then is $J_1 \cong J_2$? - 2 Read...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/161659/integral-as-a-limit-of-a-sum?answertab=active
# Integral as a limit of a sum How do I get $$\int_a^b \frac{1}{x}dx = \ln\left(\frac{b}{a}\right)$$ as a limit of sum. The constant width partition of the interval $(a,b)$ doesn't seem to work. - What makes you think the fixed-width Riemann sum doesn't work in the limit? – anon Jun 22 '12 at 14:14 2 Typically the l...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/fluid-dynamics%20water
# Tagged Questions 0answers 37 views ### Finding Surface Tension of water at certain Temperature and Pressure So the question is: Using the Young-Laplace Equation (if applicable), find the surface tension (dynes/cm) for water at 20 degrees Celsius with 2.5 psi. Round to the nearest tenth. ... 2answers 146 views ###...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4252844
Physics Forums ## Space Dependence of Electric potential 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data The space dependence of an electric potential V($\vec{r}$) = V(x,y,z)=V0ln((sqrt{x2 + y2})/a) 1. What is the electric field at position $\vec{r}$ = <x,y,z>? 2. Explain how the electric field looks ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/87030/proving-sum-limits-i-0n-i-2i-1-n1-2n-1-by-induction
# Proving $\sum\limits_{i=0}^n i 2^{i-1} = (n+1) 2^n - 1$ by induction I'm trying to apply an induction proof to show that $((n+1) 2^n - 1$ is the sum of $(i 2^{i-1})$ from $0$ to $n$. • the base case: L.H.S = R.H.S • we assume that $(k+1) 2^k - 1$ is true. • we need to prove that $(k+2) 2^{k+1} - 1$ My try to prove...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/1921/secure-multiparty-computation-for-multiplication?answertab=active
# secure multiparty computation for multiplication Suppose there are $N$ parties $p_j$, each with a binary $b_j\in{\{0,1\}}$. The problem needs to compute the multiplication of number of ones times that of zeros, that is, $R=(\sum{b_j})\times(N-\sum{b_j})$. The computation should be secure in the sense that no party ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/151984/find-all-graphs-with-valency-sequence-4-2-2-2-1-1
# Find all graphs with valency sequence $(4, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1)$ Test the following sequences using to see if they are graphical or not: (if they are graphical draw an exemplar graph having that valency sequence) - 1 The title and the question don’t agree; are you interested in finding one such graph, or in finding all ...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2008/11/12/representations-of-hopf-algebras-i/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=bcc517a348
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Representations of Hopf Algebras I We’ve seen that the category of representations of a bialgebra is monoidal. What do we get for Hopf algebras? What does an antipode buy us? Duals! At least when we restrict to finite-dimensional representations. Again, we base things on the under...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/geometry/153727-finding-volume-surface-area-right-prism.html
# Thread: 1. ## Finding volume and surface area of right prism How to find the volume and surface area of right prisms in the attachments ? 2. $\mbox{Volume} = \mbox{Base} * \mbox{Height} * \mbox{Depth}$ $\mbox{Surface area (Of each face)} = \mbox{Base} * \mbox{Height}$ Divide the prisms into many simpler shapes (...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/22480/nuclear-reactor-control-rods
Nuclear reactor control rods What is the relation between control rods surface exposed into a nuclear reactor and neutron energy? Is it linear? I mean, how do neutron absorbing rate change with the progressive immersion of control rods into the core? - Gut feeling says linear, as it would seem that its proportional ...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/28406/is-cosine-similarity-a-classification-or-a-clustering-technique/28414
# Is cosine similarity a classification or a clustering technique? In document classification, is cosine similarity considered a classification or a clustering technique? But you need training data with the cosine similarity for creation of the centroid right? - ## 5 Answers No. Cosine similarity can be computed a...
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http://cogsci.stackexchange.com/questions/3259/what-is-the-standard-error-of-measurement-for-teacher-made-multiple-choice-tests
# What is the standard error of measurement for teacher made multiple choice tests? Assume a teacher constructs a four-choice multiple choice test. Each item has only one correct response. The test is scored from 0 to 100 representing the percentage of items answered correctly. I want to have some rules of thumb that...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/77806/eigenvalues-in-the-semiclassical-limit/77809
## Eigenvalues in the semiclassical limit ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Consider the Schrödinger operator $H_\hbar = -\hbar^2\Delta + V$ on $M=\mathbb{R}^n$, where $V$ is a potential that behaves well in a certain sense ($C^\infty$, bounded f...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/62683?sort=newest
## fgf = f, gfg = g, fg not necessarily identity, what was that called? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) A very simple question, I just totally forgot how it was called, and google is not helping. There's a pair of functions $f:X\to Y$, $g:Y\to...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/tagged/monads
## Tagged Questions 1answer 238 views ### When do reflexive coequalizers preserve weak equivalences? In my work I've run into the following situation. In a model category, I have two reflexive coequalizers $A_i \stackrel{\to}{\to} B_i \to C_i$ and a map of diagrams which is level … 1answer 354 views ### Reference f...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/57279/question-about-all-the-homomorphisms-from-mathbbz-to-mathbbz/104640
# Question about all the homomorphisms from $\mathbb{Z}$ to $\mathbb{Z}$ An exercise in "A first course in Abstract Algebra" asked the following: Describe all ring homomorphisms from the ring $\mathbb{Z},+,\cdot$ to itself. I observed that for any such ring homomorphism the following has to hold: $$\varphi(1) = \varp...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/statistics/6645-please-help.html
# Thread: 1. ## please help here is a probability question: if two of the four expressions (x+y), (x+5y), (x-y) and (5x-y) are selected at random, what is the probability of their product being of the form x^2-(by)^2, where b is an integer? thanks in advance 2. Originally Posted by helpjoe here is a probability que...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/105474?sort=newest
## Proving that a specific function is quasiconvex ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hello all, Assume we have a sequence of quasiconcave functions (in $X$) denoted by $f_{i,j}(X)$ for $i,j = 1,\ldots,n$. Denote by $F(X)$ the $n\times n$ matrix ...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/crumbling+power
Definitions # Power-law index profile For optical fibers, a power-law index profile is an index of refraction profile characterized by $n\left(r\right) =$ begin{cases} n_1 sqrt{1-2Deltaleft({r over alpha}right)^g} & r le alpha n_1 sqrt{1-2Delta} & r ge alpha end{cases} where $Delta = \left\{n_1^2 - n_2^2 over 2 n_1^...
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http://mathforum.org/mathimages/index.php?title=Divergence_Theorem&diff=6618&oldid=6609
Divergence Theorem From Math Images (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/boundary-condition?sort=unanswered&pagesize=30
Tagged Questions The boundary-condition tag has no wiki summary. 2answers 248 views Maxwell equation boundary conditions on a conducting sheet I'm having difficulties solving boundary conditions for an infinitely thin conducting layer in a presence of an alternating field. I use the Maxwell equations: $\nabla \cdot...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/65557/random-versions-of-deterministic-problems/65558
Random versions of deterministic problems Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) What are the examples of situations where "randomizing" a problem (or some part of it) and analyzing it using probabilistic techniques yields some insight into its determinis...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/57945?sort=oldest
## Markov chain: Obtaining transition matrix from recurrence probabilities ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Consider a markov chain with finite space { 0,1,..n} with transition probability matrix whose entries are $P_{ij}$. Let $f_{ij}^n$ = pro...
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http://www.openwetware.org/index.php?title=User:Timothee_Flutre/Notebook/Postdoc/2011/11/10&diff=672771&oldid=672770
# User:Timothee Flutre/Notebook/Postdoc/2011/11/10 ### From OpenWetWare (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/idempotents
# Tagged Questions For questions about elements which satisfy $x\cdot x=x$ where $\cdot$ is a composition law. 2answers 44 views ### Idempotents in a Quotient Ring Let $R=\mathbb{Z}_p[x]/(x^p-x)$. Show that $R$ has exactly $2^p$ elements satisfying $r^2=r$. I know that for $f,g\in\mathbb{Z}_p[x]$, we have $f-g\in(x...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/27445/constructing-a-cp-map-with-some-decaying-property?answertab=active
# Constructing a CP map with some decaying property Given some observable $\mathcal O \in \mathcal H$ it is simple to construct a CP (completely positive) map $\Phi:\mathcal{H}\mapsto \mathcal{H}$ that conserves this quantity. All one has to observe is that $$\text{Tr}(\mathcal O \, \Phi[\rho]) = \text{Tr}(\Phi^*[\mat...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/187985/example-of-a-cluster-algebra-of-geometric-type-and-ground-field
# Example of a cluster algebra of geometric type and ground field In most definitions of a cluster algebra of geometric type, it is said to be the subalgebra of the field $\mathbb Q (x_1,\cdots,x_n)$ generated by the cluster variables. I would like to compute such an algebra but I am not sure of the result. As an exa...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/33304?sort=votes
## Marey’s problem: Generating all prime numbers in $[n_1,n_2]$ ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Is there are some references to algorithms that generate the set of prime numbers located between two given numbers n1 and n2? I would like to cons...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/156/can-you-explicitly-write-r2-as-a-disjoint-union-of-two-totally-path-disconnected
## Can you explicitly write R^2 as a disjoint union of two totally path disconnected sets? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) An anonymous question from the 20-questions seminar: Can you explicitly write R^2 as a disjoint union of two totally pat...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/55042/automorphism-group-of-a-scheme
## Automorphism group of a scheme ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi there, I have a probably stupid question on schemes ... Let S be a scheme, and let A be its automorphism group. Does A carry a scheme structure itself, that is, can one see A...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/discrete-math/185589-question-about-recursion-theorem-print.html
# Question about recursion theorem Printable View • August 4th 2011, 04:20 AM mrproper I'm having difficulties understanding some material in a book I'm reading. (Hrbacek, K., Jech T., Introduction to set theory, 3rd Edt.). In the book there is a presentation of three variants of Recursion Theorem. The first variant ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/convergence+complex-analysis
# Tagged Questions 4answers 72 views ### Radius of Convergence of power series of Complex Analysis I have come across the following few questions on past exams papers.. I know how to solve these type when it is of the form $a_nz^n$ but don't have a clue what to do with these. Any help would be ... 3answers 101 views...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/2100
Is there a coalgebraic characterisation of the hyperfinite II_1 factor? Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Peter Freyd showed that the real interval [0, 1] is a final coalgebra for a functor on sets equipped with two points, which sends such a set to ...
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http://cms.math.ca/Events/winter12/abs/st
2012 CMS Winter Meeting Fairmont Queen Elizabeth (Montreal), December 7 - 10, 2012 Partial Differential Equations and Spectral Theory Org: Dmitry Jakobson (McGill) and Iosif Polterovich (Montréal) [PDF] ALMUT BURCHARD, University of Toronto Perimeter under multiple Steiner symmetrizations  [PDF] Steiner symmetrizat...
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http://polymathprojects.org/2009/07/26/mock-up-discussion-thread/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=d64817105f
# The polymath blog ## July 26, 2009 ### Mock-up discussion thread Filed under: discussion,mock-up — Terence Tao @ 8:06 pm This is a mockup of what a discussion thread for a polymath project would look like; it would run alongside the research thread, but is focused on strategy, exposition, and discussion by casual...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/671/how-is-the-mjh-double-block-length-hash-function-constructed
# How is the MJH double-block-length hash function constructed? I'm looking for information on the MJH double-block-length hash function, but the best free source I could find is the diagram on page 18 of Efficient hashing using the AES Instruction Set (submitted to the ECRYPT II Hash Workshop 2011). Is source code a...
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http://nrich.maths.org/36
### Number Round Up Arrange the numbers 1 to 6 in each set of circles below. The sum of each side of the triangle should equal the number in its centre. ### Triangle Animals How many different ways can you find to join three equilateral triangles together? Can you convince us that you have found them all? ### Butto...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/185556-show-set-not-subspace-r-4-a.html
# Thread: 1. ## Show a set is not a subspace of R^4 Hi all, Having a problem trying to show that the set $<br /> \begin{bmatrix} 3a-b\\ ab \\ a+b\\ b+2a \end{bmatrix}<br />$ where a and b are real numbers, is not a subspace in R^4.. 2. ## Re: Show a set is not a subspace of R^4 Let $a=1,b=2$ and consider the vecto...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/53467/unified-field-theory-in-laymans-terms
# Unified field theory in layman's terms I watched some videos on the unified field theory, specifically interviews with Michio Kaku and John Hagelin, and want to learn a bit more about it. I looked up the theory of everything, string theory and unified field theory but most of it goes over my head. In one of the int...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/53673/why-is-it-ok-to-rely-on-the-fundamental-theorem-of-arithmetic-when-using-godel-nu/53740
Why is it OK to rely on the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic when using Gödel numbering? Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Gödel's original proof of the First Incompleteness theorem relies on Gödel numbering. Now, the use of Gödel numbering relies o...
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http://planetmath.org/proofoffermatstheoremstationarypoints
# proof of Fermat’s Theorem (stationary points) Suppose that $x_{0}$ is a local maximum (a similar proof applies if $x_{0}$ is a local minimum). Then there exists $\delta>0$ such that $(x_{0}-\delta,x_{0}+\delta)\subset(a,b)$ and such that we have $f(x_{0})\geq f(x)$ for all $x$ with $|x-x_{0}|<\delta$. Hence for $h\i...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/17320/mixing-and-dividing-point-processes
# Mixing and dividing point processes At the following figure at left side two realizations of point processes with different density (intensity) $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ is being mixed matching the center of the belonging areas to build a point process in the middle with intensity $\lambda$. Then randomly selected...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4008315
Physics Forums ## Measurement of spin due to the force on a magnet Can we measure the spin of a particle by measuring the force on a Magnet? I wish to consider a modified stern gerlach like apparatus where a Magnet of mass M is attached to a spring. Can we measure Spin of the particle by studying the deflection of t...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/angular-momentum?sort=votes&pagesize=30
# Tagged Questions The conserved quantity arising from a rotational invariance. Combine with rotational-dynamics for the classical mechanics approach and quantum-mechanics for the QM interpretation 9answers 3k views ### Is Angular Momentum truly fundamental? This may seem like a slightly trite question, but it is o...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_programming
# Dynamic programming For the programming paradigm, see Dynamic programming language. In mathematics, computer science, and economics, dynamic programming is a method for solving complex problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems. It is applicable to problems exhibiting the properties of overlapping subp...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/86019/software-package-to-manipulate-representations
## Software package to manipulate representations ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi, I am looking for a software package that will allow me to experiment with the irreducible representations of lie groups (for example, $SL(2,p)$) over the com...
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http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/31830/how-to-estimate-storage-needs-using-the-pert-distribution-for-filesizes-how-to/31872
# How to estimate storage needs using the PERT distribution for filesizes? How to aggregate them without falling into the flaw of extremes? Lets say I know that I am going to store the information of 10,000 people each year for 4 years, that is 40,000 files. Now If I estimate that on the best case scenario the inform...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/113526-linear-quadratic-exponential-equations.html
# Thread: 1. ## Linear,quadratic,exponential equations? How do you know if an equation is linear, quadratic or exponential? Y=3X^2+4X-4 Y=2(4)^X y=3X+2 Those equations are examples. If someone could tell me the rule for knowing if it's linear, quadratic or exponential, i would appreciate it. 2. Is linear if the ...
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http://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/computational-geometry?sort=votes&pagesize=30
# Tagged Questions Questions on constructing graphical objects using relatively complex computations relating to the mathematical structures defining those objects. Examples include convex hulls, mathematical constructions, symmetries, genuses of curves and graphs and programmatic constructions of polyhedra. 3answers...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/211787/uniform-distribution-on-the-unit-circle-in-the-complex-plane
# Uniform distribution on the unit circle (in the complex plane) I was trying to prove that for a standard complex Gaussian variable $Z$ it holds that $|Z|^2$ is exponentially distributed with parameter 1, $\frac{Z}{|Z|}$ is uniformly distributed on the unit circle $S^1:=\{z\in\mathbb{C} | |z|=1\}$ and that the two ar...
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http://scicomp.stackexchange.com/questions/5036/levenberg-optimizer-halts-quickly-when-given-more-variables-or-fewer-constraint
# Levenberg optimizer halts quickly when given more variables, or fewer constraints I'm using the g2o C++ optimization library to refine a GPS trajectory using accelerometer data. The program uses a Levenberg-Marquardt optimizer over data points representing the position and orientation (vector part of quaternion) of...
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http://mathforum.org/mathimages/index.php?title=The_Golden_Ratio&oldid=31546
# The Golden Ratio ### From Math Images Revision as of 09:47, 7 June 2012 by Azavez1 (Talk | contribs) The Golden Ratio Fields: Algebra and Geometry Image Created By: azavez1, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Website: The Math Forum The Golden Ratio The golden number, often denoted by lowercase Greek letter "...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split_short_exact_sequence
# Exact sequence (Redirected from Split short exact sequence) An exact sequence is a concept in mathematics, especially in ring and module theory, homological algebra, as well as in differential geometry and group theory. An exact sequence is a sequence, either finite or infinite, of objects and morphisms between the...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/35917-power-series.html
# Thread: 1. ## Power Series I need help for the following problem. Find the radius of convergence for the power series: $\sum_{j=1}^{\infty} (x/2)^j$ 2. Originally Posted by larson I need help for the following problem. Find the radius of convergence for the power series: $\sum_{j=1}^{\infty} (x/2)^j$ By the ro...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/54661/polynomial-equations-pa-b-0-for-matrices-that-ensure-ab-ba/122273
# Polynomial equations $p(A, B) = 0$ for matrices that ensure $AB = BA$ Let $k$ be a field with characteristic different from $2$, and $A$ and $B$ be $2 \times 2$ matrices with entries in $k$. Then we can prove, with a bit art, that $A^2 - 2AB + B^2 = O$ implies $AB = BA$, hence $(A - B)^2 = O$. It came to a surprise ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/14054?sort=newest
## Where can I find a comprehensive list of equations for small genus modular curves? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Does there exist anywhere a comprehensive list of small genus modular curves $X_G$, for G a subgroup of GL(2,Z/(n))\$? (say ge...
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