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Race Composition and Earnings: Effects by Race, Region, and Gender For more than 40 years, studies have reported that the higher the proportion of blacks in a community, the more white men earn, but the less black men earn. Researchers have speculated that black men earned less because earnings discrimination increases with percent black. Others have suggested that the negative effect of black representation on black men's earnings reflects black men's limited occupational opportunities. This study (1) investigates whether pay discrimination and regional location condition the relationship between black representation and workers' earnings and (2) examines the relationship between black representation and earnings for women. The results, based on 1980 Census data for black and white workers from 267 SMSAs, show that black representation was associated with higher earnings for white men and lower earnings for black men in both the north and south, and that part of the effect for southern black men stemmed from earnings discrimination. Southern black men's earnings gains from black representation offset some of the effects of discrimination, while northern black men encountered costs of black representation even in the absence of earnings discrimination. These findings reflect the disparate economic opportunities of black men in each region as manufacturing jobs have disappeared from the north and relocated to the south. For women, black representation led to higher earnings for blacks and whites. I argue that black representation does not lower black women's earnings because occupational sex segregation prevents black women from threatening white men's economic status.	2023-11-17T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2299
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-23-02468} =============== Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is an enzyme that belongs to the phospholipase D superfamily \[[@B1-molecules-23-02468],[@B2-molecules-23-02468]\]. Tdp1 functions as a DNA repair enzyme in cells, in which it removes stalled topoisomerase 1 (Top1)--DNA complexes by catalysing the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds between the tyrosine residue of Top1 and the 3′-phosphate of DNA \[[@B3-molecules-23-02468]\]. Top1 is a current inhibition target for chemotherapeutic agents \[[@B4-molecules-23-02468]\]. However, Tdp1 also repairs DNA damage that is caused by Top1 inhibitors. Thus, the inhibition of Tdp1 may enhance the efficacy of Top1 poisons, potentially reducing the side effects of chemotherapeutic treatments and enabling a lower dosage to be used. Given the potential of Tdp1 inhibition in enhancing the efficacy of anticancer treatments, several types of Tdp1 inhibitors have been developed \[[@B5-molecules-23-02468],[@B6-molecules-23-02468],[@B7-molecules-23-02468],[@B8-molecules-23-02468],[@B9-molecules-23-02468],[@B10-molecules-23-02468],[@B11-molecules-23-02468],[@B12-molecules-23-02468],[@B13-molecules-23-02468],[@B14-molecules-23-02468]\]. Most of these inhibitors show a good to moderate inhibition potency, with IC~50~ values in the concentration range between 0.1 and 20 μM. These include 7-azaindenoisoquinoline derivatives 1 such as triple Top1/Tdp1/Tdp2 inhibitors \[[@B5-molecules-23-02468]\]; achyrodimer F 2, which is a dimeric cyclobutane metabolite from an Australian fungus of the Cortinariaceae family \[[@B6-molecules-23-02468]\]; 7-hydroxycoumarins derivatives 3 that contain aromatic or monoterpene substituents \[[@B7-molecules-23-02468]\]; usnic acid derivatives, such as 4 with an enamine moiety \[[@B8-molecules-23-02468]\]; compounds that contain the benzopentathiepine moiety 5 \[[@B9-molecules-23-02468]\]; aminoadamantane-containing monoterpene-derived compound 6 \[[@B10-molecules-23-02468]\]; and furamidine (NSC 305831), which is a commercial Tdp1 inhibitor \[[@B11-molecules-23-02468]\] ([Figure 1](#molecules-23-02468-f001){ref-type="fig"}), as well as the other less potent inhibitors of various chemical classes \[[@B12-molecules-23-02468],[@B13-molecules-23-02468],[@B14-molecules-23-02468]\]. Octahydro-2H-chromene is an oxygen-containing heterocycle with a tetrahydropyran moiety. This structural scaffold occurs in many important natural products and biologically-active molecules \[[@B15-molecules-23-02468],[@B16-molecules-23-02468]\]. For example, compounds that contain octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol were found to exhibit antiviral and analgesic activities \[[@B17-molecules-23-02468],[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\]. The synthesis of molecules that contain the octahydro-2H-chromene scaffold has been investigated extensively. In particular, Prins cyclisation was found to be a flexible method for the synthesis of octahydro-2H-chromenes derivatives. Typically, the reaction involves a homoallylic alcohol and a carbonyl compound being catalysed by Brønsted or Lewis acids. The most commonly used catalysts in this transformation are montmorillonite clays or Lewis acids such as Sc(OTf)~3~, BF~3~\Et~2~O, or I~2~ \[[@B19-molecules-23-02468],[@B20-molecules-23-02468],[@B21-molecules-23-02468],[@B22-molecules-23-02468]\]. Montmorillonite clays were also found to be effective catalysts for the synthesis of octahydro-2H-chromenes with heterocyclic motifs \[[@B23-molecules-23-02468],[@B24-molecules-23-02468],[@B25-molecules-23-02468],[@B26-molecules-23-02468]\]. Although aldehydes containing amino groups cannot be involved in such reactions because of catalyst poisoning \[[@B26-molecules-23-02468]\], in principle, such products can be obtained through reactions with nitro-aromatic aldehydes, followed by the reduction of the nitro group. For example, we have successfully obtained nitro-containing octahydro-2H-chromene from 5-nitro-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde in our previous work \[[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\]. Moreover, the electron-rich thiophene ring may facilitate the reduction of the nitro group into an amino group, which is especially important for compounds that are relatively labile, such as those that contain a tert-hydroxy group. Thus, we reasoned that, due to the versatility and ease of synthesis, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde is an ideal starting point for the synthesis and derivatisation of compounds that contain the octahydro-2H-chromene scaffold. By using a range of octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol derivatives with different amide motifs 7* ([Figure 1](#molecules-23-02468-f001){ref-type="fig"}), preliminary molecular modelling studies were performed. Our modelling results suggested that these derivatives may bind to Tdp1. We therefore reasoned that octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol may be a useful scaffold for the development of new Tdp1 inhibitors. Herein, we report our work on the synthesis of a structural series of octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol derivatives as potential Tdp1 inhibitors. Inhibition and binding assays were performed to evaluate their inhibition potency and binding affinity to Tdp1, respectively. Finally, molecular modelling was performed to predict the plausible binding conformations of these compounds. 2. Results and Discussion {#sec2-molecules-23-02468} ========================= 2.1. Synthesis of Octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol Derivatives {#sec2dot1-molecules-23-02468} ------------------------------------------------------- Nitro compounds 8 with an octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol scaffold were synthesised as a mixture of diastereomers on the C-4 position in a reaction of (-)-isopulegol with 5-nitrothiophene-2-carbaldehyde in the presence of montmorillonite K10 clay ([Scheme 1](#molecules-23-02468-sch001){ref-type="scheme"}). The possible mechanism of the transformation depicted in [Scheme 1](#molecules-23-02468-sch001){ref-type="scheme"} has been previously proposed \[[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\]. After purification using column chromatography, the individual products (*4R*)-8 and (4S)-8 were obtained with yields of 25% and 28%, respectively. In order to avoid dehydration of the compounds, their reduction was carried out in a slightly alkaline aqueous alcohol solution with sodium dithionite. This resulted in the production of primary amines (4R)-9 and (4S)-9** with yields of 60% and 80%, respectively. The primary amines obtained were selectively acylated with anhydrides and acid chlorides ([Scheme 2](#molecules-23-02468-sch002){ref-type="scheme"}). Acylation of amine groups solely occurred, even when the acylating reagent was in excess. Using acid chlorides resulted in products of smaller yields compared to acid anhydrides. The desired amide derivatives of octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol 10--13 were purified using column chromatography. In each case, except for the reaction with 1-adamantanecarbonyl chloride, the yield of (*4S*)-diastereomer was higher than the one of (4R). We supposed that the isolation of (4R)-diastereomers was less successful, likely due to their instability during column chromatography. The structure of the compounds was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, including ^1^H, ^13^C, ^1^H--^1^H 2D homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY), ^1^H--^13^C 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), and ^1^H--^13^C 2D heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) experiments. As the hydroxyl group of (4R)-isomers 8--13 is in the axial position, this causes the ^1^H resonances of neighbouring protons, H-1 and H-3, to shift upfield by \~0.3 ppm and \~0.4 ppm, respectively, when compared with (4S)-isomers. This phenomenon is likely caused by the 1,3-diaxial interaction, which was previously observed in our studies of similar compounds \[[@B17-molecules-23-02468],[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\]. 2.2. Tdp1 Inhibition and Binding Assays {#sec2dot2-molecules-23-02468} --------------------------------------- The inhibition potency of our synthesised compounds against Tdp1 was evaluated by using a real-time oligonucleotide biosensor-based assay \[[@B27-molecules-23-02468]\]. In this assay, Tdp1 catalyses the removal of fluorophore quenchers from the 3′-end of a modified DNA substrate \[[@B27-molecules-23-02468]\]. Fluorescence intensity hence reflects the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Hexadecameric oligonucleotide was selected as a Tdp1 substrate, as it contains 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) at the 5′-end and fluorophore quencher BHQ1 (Black Hole Quencher-1) at the 3′-end \[[@B9-molecules-23-02468]\]. This approach was used to determine the inhibitory properties of all the chromenes. All our synthesised compounds except derivatives 8 and 9 were found to exhibit inhibitory activity against Tdp1 in the low micromolar range ([Table 1](#molecules-23-02468-t001){ref-type="table"}). Compounds with IC~50~ \> 15 μM were considered inactive. The (4S)-diastereomer with the most bulky substituent was found to be the most potent (13), with an IC~50~ value of 1.24 μM. In general, the IC~50~ values for the (4S) series are in the IC~50~ of 1.24 to 5.8 µM range. For (4R*)-diastereomers, their IC~50~ values were found to be similar. In addition to the inhibition assay, the binding of our compounds to Tdp1 was also evaluated. An intrinsic protein fluorescence-based assay, which we have previously applied to study the binding of esters combining monoterpenoid and adamantane fragments, was applied \[[@B28-molecules-23-02468]\]. In agreement with the inhibition data, all our compounds were relatively strong binders to Tdp1, with dissociation constants (K~D~) in the low μM region ([Table 1](#molecules-23-02468-t001){ref-type="table"} and [Supplementary Figures S1--S7](#app1-molecules-23-02468){ref-type="app"}). Interestingly, all our compounds appeared to bind Tdp1 to more than one binding pocket (i.e., specific and non-specific binding). This is possibly due to the large hydrophobic surface of Tdp1. The slight discrepancy between the measured K~D~ and IC~50~ values is likely due to these non-specific binding events. 2.3. Molecular Modelling {#sec2dot3-molecules-23-02468} ------------------------ Both isomers (4R*, 4S) of the six ligands were docked into Tdp1 (PDB ID: 1MU7) \[[@B2-molecules-23-02468],[@B29-molecules-23-02468]\] using GOLD and all the ligands fitted into the pocket in a similar way with a reasonable predicted affinity for the scoring functions used, as can be seen in [Table 2](#molecules-23-02468-t002){ref-type="table"}. GoldScore (GS) and, in particular, Chem Piecewise Linear Potential (ChemPLP), scoring functions give higher scores for 10--13 (4R, 4S) compared to (4R, 4S)-8 and (4R, 4S)-9, which is consistent with their IC~50~ values. A similar trend is also observed for ChemScore (CS) and Astex Statistical Potential (ASP), albeit not as pronounced as for GoldScore and ChemPLP. The correlation between the measured affinities and the predicted binding values is reassuring, particularly since ChemPLP is considered to be the most robust function used \[[@B30-molecules-23-02468]\] and strengthens the overall applicability of the modelling. The docked configuration of the most active derivative (4S)-13 is shown in [Figure 2](#molecules-23-02468-f002){ref-type="fig"}. Our docking model revealed that the ligand is in lipophilic contact (LC) with His263, Tyr204, Ala520, Ala521, and Pro461, and exhibited hydrogen bonding with Gly458 and Ser459 via the hydroxyl group. Also, the hydrophobic pocket in the binding site is occupied by the adamantane moiety and the thiophene group occupies a cleft exposed to the water environment, as shown in [Figure 2](#molecules-23-02468-f002){ref-type="fig"}A. Derivative (4S)-11, which shows a similar inhibition potency to (4S)-13, is predicted to have LC with His263 and Tyr204 in a similar manner to (4S)-13. However, (4S)-11 displayed a hydrogen bonding interaction with His493 through its hydroxyl group, unlike (4S)-13. This suggests that the different substituents on the amide group can have an important effect in orienting the ligands in the binding site of the enzyme. It is established that for Tdp1, both His263 and His493 play a key role in its biological function and the binding pocket was defined there \[[@B1-molecules-23-02468],[@B7-molecules-23-02468],[@B9-molecules-23-02468]\]. It can therefore be stated that a plausible binding mode is predicted as the ligands block access to these key amino acid residues. The calculated molecular descriptors (MW-molecular weight, log P octanol--water partition coefficient, HD--hydrogen bond donors, HA-hydrogen bond acceptors, PSA--polar surface area, and RB--rotatable bonds) for the six isomers (4S, 4R) are given in [Table S1](#app1-molecules-23-02468){ref-type="app"} (see [Supplementary Material](#app1-molecules-23-02468){ref-type="app"}). The ligands are relatively average in size, with a molecular weight between 281.4 and 443.6.8 (4R, 4S), and nine (4R, 4S) derivatives lie in the lead-like space, while others are within the boundaries of the drug-like space (for definition of lead-like, drug-like, and Known Drug Space regions, see ref \[[@B31-molecules-23-02468]\]). The log P values range from 2.3 to 5.1, with only compounds (4R, 4S)-8, (4R, 4S)-9, and (4R)-10 being slightly outside of the ideal drug-like space but within the Known Drug Space. Moreover, the Polar Surface Area (PSA) values also indicate that they lie in the drug-like space. The SAR and modelling studies clearly indicate that lipophilic R-groups are potentially beneficial for improved binding of this class of compounds to Tdp1. To investigate this possibility, four derivatives with the R-groups α-naphthyl (14), β-naphthyl (15), isopropyl (16), and tert-butyl (17) were docked into the binding site and their scores are given in [Table 2](#molecules-23-02468-t002){ref-type="table"}. Compared with the scores for the most active compounds 11 and 13, it can be seen from [Table 2](#molecules-23-02468-t002){ref-type="table"} that the α-naphthyl substitution gives favourable scores for both GS and ChemPLP, suggesting that this derivative may be a promising derivative to synthesise and test. The other substitutions gave similar or worse scores compared to 11 and 13. Similar binding poses were predicted for derivatives 14--17 as for their 8--13 counterparts. Finally, derivatives 14 and 15 have slightly higher Log P values than 13,** but have essentially the same values for the other molecular descriptors (see [Table S1 in the SI](#app1-molecules-23-02468){ref-type="app"}). 3. Materials and Methods {#sec3-molecules-23-02468} ======================== 3.1. Chemistry {#sec3dot1-molecules-23-02468} -------------- ### 3.1.1. General Materials and Methods {#sec3dot1dot1-molecules-23-02468} Chemicals were purchased from commercial sources (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA; Acros, Morris Plains, NJ, USA) and used with no further treatment. The K10 clay (Aldrich) was used as the catalyst of the reaction. The clay was dried at 105 °C for 3 h prior to use. Dichloromethane CH~2~Cl~2~ was dried with calcined Al~2~O~3~. For the products structure analysis, GC-MS was used, consisting of an Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer Agilent 5975C as a detector. A 30-m quartz column HP-5MS (copolymer 5%--diphenyl--95%--dimethylsiloxane) with an inner diameter of 0.25 mm and the stationary phase film thickness of 0.25 µm was used. Optical rotation parameters: polAAr 3005 spectrometer; CHCl~3~ soln. ^1^H and ^13^C NMR: Bruker DRX-500 apparatus at 500.13 MHz (^1^H) and 125.76 MHz (^13^C), J in Hz; structure was determined by analysing the ^1^H NMR spectra, including ^1^H--^1^H double resonance spectra and ^1^H--^1^H 2D homonuclear correlation, J-modulated ^13^C NMR spectra (JMOD), and ^13^C --^1^H 2D heteronuclear correlation with one-bond and long-range spin-spin coupling constants (C--H COSY, ^1^J(C,H) = 160 Hz, COLOC, ^2,3^J(C,H) = 10 Hz). HR-MS: DFS Thermo Scientific spectrometer in a full scan mode (15-500 m/z, 70 eV electron impact ionisation, direct sample administration). All product yields are given as pure compounds obtained from the column chromatography. Column chromatography: silica gel (SiO~2~; 60-200 μ; Macherey-Nagel); hexane, solution containing from 0 to 100% EtOAc in hexane, ethanol. The purity of the target compounds was determined by GC-MS methods. The purity of all target compounds reported in this paper exceeds 95%. Please note that the numeration of the atoms of products is performed as shown in [Figure 3](#molecules-23-02468-f003){ref-type="fig"}. ### 3.1.2. Chemical Syntheses {#sec3dot1dot2-molecules-23-02468} The syntheses and characterisations of (2R,4aR,7R,8aS)-4,7-Dimethyl-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ols, (*4S*)-8, and (4R)-8*, were reported previously \[[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\]. (2R,4R,4aR,7R,8aS)-4,7-Dimethyl-2-(5-aminothiophen-2-yl)octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol, (4R*)-9. To the solution of nitro compound (4R)-8 (0.436 g) in EtOH (20 mL), Na~2~S~2~O~4~ (2.300 g) and K~2~CO~3~ (1.900 g) in water (10 mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. After the completion of the reaction, 10 mL of a saturated aq. NaCl solution was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 10 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (2 × 10 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. The organic layer was concentrated in a rotary evaporator and separated using an SiO~2~ column. Purification resulted in the yield of (4R)-9** (0.234 g, 60%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.88--0.97 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.92 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 1.05 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.09--1.20 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.24 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.41--1.52 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.67 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.72 (dm, J(8e, 8a) = 13.1 Hz, other J \< 3.5 Hz, 1H, He-8); 1.77--1.83 (m, 1H, He-7); 1.95 (dd, J(4e, 4a) = 13.4 Hz, J(4e, 3a) = 2.4 Hz, 1H, He-4); 1.97 (dm, J(10e, 10a) = 12.1 Hz, other J \< 4.5 Hz, 1H, He-10); 3.21 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a,10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.49 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 5.99 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.5 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.53 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.5 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 72.13 (d, C-1); 70.63 (d, C-3); 47.25 (t, C-4); 69.99 (s, C-5); 49.22 (d, C-6); 22.28 (t, C-7); 34.14 (t, C-8); 31.08 (d, C-9); 40.83 (t, C-10); 150.56 (s, C-11); 132.81 (s, C-12); 122.36 (d, C-13); 107.64 (d, C-14); 27.92 (q, C-15); 22.01 (q, C-16). HR MS: 281.1449 (M^+^, C~15~H~23~O~2~NS^+^; calc. 281.1444). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{26.0}$ = +7.2 (c 0.334, EtOH). (2R,4S,4aR,7R,8aS)-4,7-dimethyl-2-(5-aminothiophen-2-yl)octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol, (*4S*)-9. To the solution of nitro compound (4S)-8 (0.223 g) in EtOH (20 mL), Na~2~S~2~O~4~ (1.300 g) and K~2~CO~3~ (1.000 g) solution in water (10 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. After the completion of the reaction, 10 mL of a saturated aq. NaCl solution was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 10 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (2 × 10 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. The organic layer was concentrated in a rotary evaporator and separated on an SiO~2~ column. Purification resulted in the yield of (4S)-9** (0.167 g, 80%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.88--0.97 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.93 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 1.04 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.10--1.21 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.24 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.41--1.53 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.67 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.72 (dm, J(8e, 8a) = 13.1 Hz, other J \< 3.5 Hz, 1H, He-8); 1.77--1.83 (m, 1H, He-7); 1.94 (dd, J(4e, 4a) = 13.4 Hz, J(4e, 3a) = 2.4 Hz, 1H, He-4); 1.97 (dm, J(10e, 10a) = 12.1 Hz, other J \< 4.5 Hz, 1H, He-10); 3.52 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a,10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.82 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 5.98 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.6 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.51 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.6 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) δ: 76.89 (d, C-1); 72.73 (d, C-3); 47.54 (t, C-4); 69.98 (s, C-5); 49.12 (d, C-6); 22.28 (t, C-7); 34.14 (t, C-8); 31.08 (d, C-9); 40.83 (t, C-10); 150.22 (s, C-11); 131.81 (s, C-12); 120.26 (d, C-13); 108.60 (d, C-14); 27.91 (q, C-15); 22.00 (q, C-16). HR MS: 281.1449 (M^+^, C~15~H~23~O~2~NS^+^; calc. 281.1444). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{29.1}$ = −6.25 (c 0.16, EtOH). General Procedure for the Preparation of Compounds10--11. To the solution of amine 9 (1.0 mmol) in EtOAc, acid anhydride solution (1.0 mmol) in the presence of 4-DMAP (0.01 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. After the completion of the reaction, 10 mL of a saturated aq. NaHCO~3~ solution was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 10 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (2 × 10 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. The organic layer was concentrated in a rotary evaporator and separated using an SiO~2~ column. N-(5-((2R,4R,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acetamide, (*4R*)-10. The reaction of amine (4R)-9 (0.100 g) and acetic anhydride (0.037 g) in the presence of 4-DMAP (0.001 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4R)-10** (0.031 g, 35%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.80--0.88 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.82 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 0.94 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.03--1.12 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.14 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.33--1.43 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.63 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.70--1.89 (m, 4H, He-7, He-8, He-4, He-10); 2.03 (s, 3H, H-18); 3.18 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.51 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.39 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.8 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.62 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.8 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 77.51 (d, C-1); 72.51 (d, C-3); 49.32 (t, C-4); 70.26 (s, C-5); 51.50 (d, C-6); 22.83 (t, C-7); 34.16 (t, C-8); 31.28 (d, C-9); 41.09 (t, C-10); 136.11 (s, C-11); 138.77 (s, C-12); 110.66 (d, C-13); 120.60 (d, C-14); 22.37 (q, C-15); 20.60 (q, C-16); 167.39 (s, C-17); 21.95 (q, C-18). HR MS: 323.1547 (M^+^, C~17~H~25~NO~3~S^+^; calc. 323.1550). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{28.0}$ = +7.48 (c 0.107, EtOH). N-(5-((2R,4S,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acetamide, (*4S*)-10. The reaction of amine (4S)-9 (0.040 g) and acetic anhydride (0.015 g) in the presence of 4-DMAP (0.001 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4S)-10** (0.043 g, 95%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.80--0.88 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.82 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 0.94 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.03--1.12 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.14 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.33--1.43 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.63 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.70--1.89 (m, 4H, He-7, He-8, He-4, He-10); 2.01 (s, 3H, H-18); 3.50 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.85 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.37 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.8 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.59 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.8 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 75.77 (d, C-1); 70.71 (d, C-3); 47.34 (t, C-4); 68.95 (s, C-5); 49.31 (d, C-6); 22.40 (t, C-7); 34.32 (t, C-8); 31.17 (d, C-9); 40.97 (t, C-10); 136.94 (s, C-11); 138.64 (s, C-12); 110.89 (d, C-13); 120.92 (d, C-14); 22.41 (q, C-15); 20.81 (q, C-16); 167.39 (s, C-17); 22.03 (q, C-18). HR MS: 323.1547 (M^+^, C~17~H~25~NO~3~S^+^; calc. 323.1550). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{27.8}$ = +20.5 (c 0.16, EtOH). 2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-(5-((2R,4R,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acetamide, (*4R*)-11. The reaction of amine (4R)-9 (0.110 g) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.082 g) in the presence of 4-DMAP (0.001 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4R)-11** (0.043 g, 30%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.80-0.88 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.82 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 0.94 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.03--1.12 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.14 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.33--1.43 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.63 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.70--1.89 (m, 4H, He-7, He-8, He-4, He-10); 3.16 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.50 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.64 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.7 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.67 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.7 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 77.50 (d, C-1); 72.35 (d, C-3); 49.34 (t, C-4); 69.34 (s, C-5); 51.31 (d, C-6); 22.40 (t, C-7); 34.32 (t, C-8); 31.19 (d, C-9); 41.03 (t, C-10); 135.70 (s, C-11); 139.15 (s, C-12); 114.76 (d, C-13); 121.00 (d, C-14); 22.81 (q, C-15); 20.81 (q, C-16); 153.39 (s, C-17); 115.21 (q, C-18). HR MS: 377.1265 (M^+^, C~17~H~22~NO~3~F~3~S^+^; calc. 377.1267). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{29.1}$ = −27.1 (c 0.48, EtOH). 2,2,2-Trifluoro-N-(5-((2R,4S,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acetamide, (*4S*)-11. The reaction of amine (4S)-9 (0.052 g) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.039 g) in the presence of 4-DMAP (0.001 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4S)-11** (0.055 g, 80%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.80-0.88 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.82 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 0.94 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.03--1.12 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.14 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.33--1.43 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.63 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.70--1.89 (m, 4H, He-7, He-8, He-4, He-10); 3.55 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.95 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.69 (d, J(14, 13) = 3.7 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.73 (d, J(13, 14) = 3.7 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 75.80 (d, C-1); 70.71 (d, C-3); 47.54 (t, C-4); 69.34 (s, C-5); 49.31 (d, C-6); 22.40 (t, C-7); 34.32 (t, C-8); 31.19 (d, C-9); 41.03 (t, C-10); 134.84 (s, C-11); 140.70 (s, C-12); 115.76 (d, C-13); 121.00 (d, C-14); 22.41 (q, C-15); 20.81 (q, C-16); 153.39 (s, C-17); 115.32 (q, C-18). HR MS: 377.1265 (M^+^, C~17~H~22~NO~3~F~3~S^+^; calc. 377.1267). General Procedure for the Preparation of Compounds12--13. To a solution of amine 9 (1.0 mmol) in EtOAc, acid chloride (1.0 mmol) in the presence of NEt~3~ (1 mmol) was added dropwise and the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. After the completion of the reaction, 10 mL of a saturated aq. NaHCO~3~ solution was added to the reaction mixture and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 × 10 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (2 × 10 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. The organic layer was concentrated in a rotary evaporator and separated using an SiO~2~ column. N-(5-((2R,4R,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)benzamide, (*4R*)-12. The reaction of amine (4R)-9 (0.130 g) and benzoyl chloride (0.064 g) in the presence of NEt~3~ (0.046 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4R)-12** (0.056 g, 30%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.88--0.97 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.92 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 1.05 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.09--1.20 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.24 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.41--1.52 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.67 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.72 (dm, J(8e, 8a) = 13.1 Hz, other J \< 3.5 Hz, 1H, He-8); 1.77--1.83 (m, 1H, He-7); 1.95 (dd, J(4e, 4a) = 13.4 Hz, J(4e, 3a) = 2.4 Hz, 1H, He-4); 1.97 (dm, J(10e, 10a) = 12.1 Hz, other J \< 4.5 Hz, 1H, He-10); 3.26 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.62 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.60 (dd, J(14, 13) = 4.2 Hz, J(14, 3a) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.73 (d, J(13, 14) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-13); 7.42--7.46 (m, 2H, H-20, H-22); 7.49--7.54 (m, 1H, H-21); 7.82--7.86 (m, 2H, H-19, H-23). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 77.79 (d, C-1); 72.70 (d, C-3); 49.53 (t, C-4); 70.81 (s, C-5); 41.93 (d, C-6); 22.96 (t, C-7); 34.34 (t, C-8); 31.38 (d, C-9); 41.38 (t, C-10); 133.21 (s, C-11); 138.49 (s, C-12); 111.64 (d, C-13); 120.62 (d, C-14); 30.83 (q, C-15); 22.03 (q, C-16); 163.58 (s, C-17); 137.84 (s, C-18); 127.01 (d, C-19, C-23); 132.10 (d, C-21); 128.86 (d, C-20, C-22). HR MS: 385.1710 (M^+^, C~22~H~27~O~3~NS^+^; calc. 385.1706). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{28.1}$ = +22.38 (c 0.143, EtOH). N-(5-((2R,4S,4aR,7R,8aR)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)benzamide, (*4S*)-12. The reaction of amine (4S)-9 (0.040 g) and benzoyl chloride (0.021 g) in the presence of NEt~3~ (0.015 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4S)-12** (0.020 g, 40%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.88--0.97 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.92 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 1.05 (ddd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, J(10a, 1a) = 11.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.09--1.20 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.24 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.41--1.52 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.67 (dd, J(4a, 4e) = 13.4 Hz, J(4a, 3a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-4); 1.72 (dm, J(8e, 8a) = 13.1 Hz, other J \< 3.5 Hz, 1H, He-8); 1.77--1.83 (m, 1H, He-7); 1.95 (dd, J(4e, 4a) = 13.4 Hz, J(4e, 3a) = 2.4 Hz, 1H, He-4); 1.97 (dm, J(10e, 10a) = 12.1 Hz, other J \< 4.5 Hz, 1H, He-10); 3.57 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a,10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.96 (ddd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, J(3a, 14) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.60 (dd, J(14, 13) = 4.2 Hz, J(14, 3a) = 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.73 (d, J(13, 14) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-13); 7.42--7.46 (m, 2H, H-20, H-22); 7.49--7.54 (m, 1H, H-21); 7.82--7.86 (m, 2H, H-19, H-23). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 75.72 (d, C-1); 70.75 (d, C-3); 47.60 (t, C-4); 69.39 (s, C-5); 49.28 (d, C-6); 22.44 (t, C-7); 34.29 (t, C-8); 31.25 (d, C-9); 41.19 (t, C-10); 133.99 (s, C-11); 138.31 (s, C-12); 111.70 (d, C-13); 120.60 (d, C-14); 28.12 (q, C-15); 22.11 (q, C-16); 163.57 (s, C-17); 138.40 (s, C-18); 127.03 (d, C-19, C-23); 131.96 (d, C-21); 128.70 (d, C-20, C-22). HR MS: 385.1710 (M^+^, C~22~H~27~O~3~NS^+^; calc. 385.1706). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{29.1}$ = +4.54 (c 0.22, EtOH). N-(5-((2R,4R,4aR,7R,8aS)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)adamantane-1-carboxamide, (*4R*)-13. The reaction of amine (4R)-9 (0.055 g) and 1-adamantanecarbonyl chloride (0.040 g) in the presence of NEt~3~ (0.030 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4R)-13** (0.016 g, 20%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.87--0.96 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.89 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 0.98--1.09 (m, 1H, Ha-10); 1.09--1.16 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.21 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.40--1.49 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.67--1.77 (m, 7H, Ha-4, 2H-21, 2H-23, 2H-27); 1.84--1.97 (m, 2H, He-8, He-7); 1.91 (bs, 6H, 2H-19, 2H-25, 2H-26); 1.98--2.01 (m, 2H, He-4, He-10); 2.06 (bs, 3H, H-20, H-22, H-24); 3.23 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.57 (d, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.45 (d, J(14, 13) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.68 (d, J(13, 14) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 77.37 (d, C-1); 72.48 (d, C-3); 49.50 (t, C-4); 70.71 (s, C-5); 51.89 (d, C-6); 22.91 (t, C-7); 34.23 (t, C-8); 31.34 (d, C-9); 41.31 (t, C-10); 136.97 (s, C-11); 138.56 (s, C-12); 110.26 (d, C-13); 120.19 (d, C-14); 21.08 (q, C-15); 22.05 (q, C-16); 174.08 (s, C-17); 40.69 (s, C-18); 38.99(t, C-19, C-25, C-26); 27.89 (d, C-20, C-22, C-24); 36.23 (t, C-21, C-23, C-27). HR MS: 443.2481 (M^+^, C~26~H~37~O~3~NS^+^; calc. 443.2489). ${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{27.1}$ = +7.9 (c 0.304, EtOH). N-(5-((2R,4S,4aR,7R,8aS)-4-Hydroxy-4,7-dimethyloctahydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)adamantane-1-carboxamide, (*4S*)-13. The reaction of amine (4S)-9 (0.290 g) and 1-adamantanecarbonyl chloride (0.297 g) in the presence of NEt~3~ (0.300 g) for 2 h resulted in the yield of (4S)-13** (0.065 g, 14%). ^1^H-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 0.87--0.96 (m, 1H, Ha-8); 0.89 (d, J(16, 9a) = 6.5 Hz, 3H, H-16); 1.00 (dd, J(10a, 10e) = J(10a, 9a) = 12.1 Hz, 1H, Ha-10); 1.09--1.16 (m, 2H, Ha-6, Ha-7); 1.21 (s, 3H, H-15); 1.40--1.49 (m, 1H, Ha-9); 1.66--1.75 (m, 7H, Ha-4, 2H-21, 2H-23, 2H-27); 1.77--1.89 (m, 2H, He-8, He-7); 1.90 (bs, 6H, 2H-19, 2H-25, 2H-26); 1.92--1.95 (m, 2H, He-4, He-10); 2.05 (bs, 3H, H-20, H-22, H-24); 3.53 (ddd, J(1a, 10a) = 11.2 Hz, J(1a, 6a) = 9.7 Hz, J(1a, 10e) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, Ha-1); 4.91 (dd, J(3a, 4a) = 11.6 Hz, J(3a, 4e) = 2.4 Hz, 1H, Ha-3); 6.44 (d, J(14, 13) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-14); 6.67 (d, J(13, 14) = 4.2 Hz, 1H, H-13). ^13^C-NMR (CDCl~3~) (ppm) δ: 75.51 (d, C-1); 70.68 (d, C-3); 47.63 (t, C-4); 69.43 (s, C-5); 49.18 (d, C-6); 22.47 (t, C-7); 34.33 (t, C-8); 31.15 (d, C-9); 41.08 (t, C-10); 137.70 (s, C-11); 138.37 (s, C-12); 110.21 (d, C-13); 120.24 (d, C-14); 28.11 (q, C-15); 22.10 (q, C-16); 174.06 (s, C-17); 40.63 (s, C-18); 39.11(t, C-19, C-25, C-26); 27.86 (d, C-20, C-22, C-24); 36.25 (t, C-21, C-23, C-27). HR MS: 443.2481 (M^+^, C~26~H~37~O~3~NS^+^; calc. 443.2489).${\lbrack\alpha\rbrack}_{D}^{25.0}$ = +19.3 (c 0.114, EtOH). 3.2. Tdp1 Assay {#sec3dot2-molecules-23-02468} --------------- The pET 16B-Tdp1 was kindly provided by Dr. K.W. Caldecott (University of Sussex, United Kingdom). Recombinant Tdp1 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and was purified by chromatography on Ni-chelating resin and phosphocellulose P11, as described in \[[@B29-molecules-23-02468]\]. Real-time Tdp1 activity measurements were carried out as described in \[[@B9-molecules-23-02468]\]. In brief, Tdp1-biosensor (50 nM) was incubated in a buffer that contains 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 50 mM NaCl, and 7 mM β-mercaptoethanol (200 μL). The mixture was then supplemented with purified Tdp1 (1.3 nM) and various concentrations of the inhibitor. Fluorescence measurements (Ex~485~/Em~520~ nm) were carried out during the linear phase of reaction (from 0 to 8 min) every 55 s. The reactions were incubated at a constant temperature of 26 °C using a POLARstar OPTIMA fluorimeter (BMG LABTECH). The influence of the compounds was evaluated by comparing the fluorescence increase rate in their presence to that of 1.5% DMSO control wells. The data were imported into the MARS Data Analysis 2.0 program (BMG LABTECH), and IC~50~ values were calculated by non-linear curve fitting. Tdp1-biosensor 5′-(5,6 FAM-aac gtc agg gtc ttc c-BHQ1)-3′ was synthesised in the Laboratory of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia. 3.3. Binding Studies {#sec3dot3-molecules-23-02468} -------------------- Synthetic DNA encoding human Tdp1 (residues 149-608 \[[@B2-molecules-23-02468]\]) was cloned into pET-28a(+) (GenScript), which was then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) for recombinant protein production. Protein production was induced with 1 mM IPTG at 28 °C with overnight incubation. Tdp1 was purified using affinity and size exclusion chromatography. Fluorescence was measured using a PerkinElmer EnSpire Multimode Reader. Tdp1 concentration was 10 μM and compound concentrations were 1 μM, 2.5 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM, 15 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 200 μM, 350 μM, 500 μM, and 750 μM. Buffer was 20 mM Tris and 250 mM NaCl (pH 8). Excitation wavelength was 280 nm and intrinsic fluorescence was measured between 300 and 450 nm. Control experiments with Tdp1 or compound on its own were also conducted. Background fluorescence arising from the compounds was subtracted from the final spectrum. The total volume per well was 30 μL. Dissociation constant (K~D~) values were calculated using the following formula (1), which takes non-specific binding into account \[[@B32-molecules-23-02468]\]. $$I\ = ~\frac{I_{\max\ } \times \left\lbrack L_{T} \right\rbrack}{K_{D} + \left\lbrack L_{T} \right\rbrack~} + N_{s}\left\lbrack L_{T} \right\rbrack$$ I indicates changes in fluorescence intensity from the titrations, I~max~ indicates the maximum fluorescence intensity change, \[L~T~\] is the titrated ligand concentration, and N~s~ is the non-specific term. Non-linear curve fitting was conducted using SigmaPlot 13.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA, USA). Experiments were conducted in triplicate and the errors shown are standard derivations. 3.4. Molecular Modelling Methods {#sec3dot4-molecules-23-02468} -------------------------------- Molecular modelling and the generation of molecular descriptors of Tdp1 inhibitors were conducted as described in \[[@B10-molecules-23-02468]\]. Briefly, the crystal structure of Tdp1 was used for docking (PDB ID: 1MU7) \[[@B33-molecules-23-02468]\] with the GOLD v5.4 software and the molecular descriptors were generated using QikProp v5.2 \[[@B34-molecules-23-02468],[@B35-molecules-23-02468]\]. 4. Conclusions {#sec4-molecules-23-02468} ============== In this study, we reported a new class of Tdp1 inhibitors that are based on the (-)-isopulegol-derived octahydro-2H-chromene scaffold. By using a three-step reaction, a series of chiral heterocyclic compounds that contain the octahydro-2H-chromene scaffold and different amide substituents were synthesised. These structural series of compounds were found to be good inhibitors and binders of Tdp1, with IC~50~ and K~D~ values in the low micromolar concentration range. In particular, the octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol derivative with 1-adamantane moiety (*4S*)-13** appeared to be the most potent inhibitor of Tdp1 among this series, with an IC~50~ value of 1.24 µM. The plausible binding modes of these compounds to Tdp1 were also predicted, which found that these compounds may block the access of substrates to the enzyme active site. Overall, our results helped establish a structural-activity relationship for these novel octahydro-2H-chromene-based Tdp1 inhibitors. This information will be useful for future inhibitor development work for Tdp1. This work was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation (grant 16-13-10074). Authors would like to acknowledge the Multi-Access Chemical Research Center SB RAS for spectral and analytical measurements. A.Z. and J.P. thank the University of Auckland Postgraduate Research Student Support (PReSS) fund for financial support of this work. Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. The Supplementary Materials are available online. ###### Click here for additional data file. Designing the experiments, performing chemistry experiment, writing---original draft preparation, N.S.L.-Z.; performing Tdp1 assay, A.L.Z. and A.A.C.; supervision, project administration, writing---review and editing, I.K.H.L., J.P., K.P.V., N.F.S., and O.I.L.; molecular modelling, J.R. and A.Z.; binding studies J.P. and I.K.H.L. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare no competing financial interest. Figures, Schemes and Tables =========================== ![Structures of reported Tdp1 inhibitors 1--6, commercial Tdp1 inhibitor Furamidine, and octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol derivatives 7 that we investigated in this study.](molecules-23-02468-g001){#molecules-23-02468-f001} ![Synthesis of (*4R*)-9 and (4S)-9 compounds and proposed mechanism for the synthesis of 4R and 4S*, as proposed by Nazimova et al.* \[[@B18-molecules-23-02468]\].](molecules-23-02468-sch001){#molecules-23-02468-sch001} ![Synthesis of 10--13 amide derivatives of octahydro-2H-chromen-4-ol.](molecules-23-02468-sch002){#molecules-23-02468-sch002} ![Docked configurations of derivative (*4S*)-13 to the substrate binding sites predicted by the ChemPLP algorithm. The protein surface is rendered where partial positive, negative charges, and neutral regions are colored blue, red, and grey, respectively (A). The hydrogen bond interactions are depicted as green lines between compound (4S)-13 and the amino acids residues; Ser459 and Gly458 (B). Furthermore, lipophilic contacts (LC) are shown as purple dashed lines with His263, Tyr204, Ala520, Ala521, and Pro461.](molecules-23-02468-g002){#molecules-23-02468-f002} ![The numeration of the atoms of 8--13** in NMR spectra.](molecules-23-02468-g003){#molecules-23-02468-f003} molecules-23-02468-t001_Table 1 ###### Inhibitory Potency (IC~50~) and Binding Affinity (K~D~) of Compounds 8--13 Against Tdp1. Compound IC~50~, µM K~D~, μM ------------ ---------------------------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ R (*4S*) (4R) (4S) (4R) 8 ![](molecules-23-02468-i001.jpg) NO~2~- \>15 \>15 30.6 ± 9.3 23.3 ± 7.4 9 NH~2~- \>15 \>15 n.d. n.d. 10 ![](molecules-23-02468-i002.jpg) CH~3~- 5.8 ± 3.0 2.9 ± 0.8 n.d. n.d. 11 CF~3~- 1.4 ± 0.3 4.0 ± 0.4 2.0 ± 1.2 19.8 ± 2.4 12 ![](molecules-23-02468-i003.jpg) 5.0 ± 1.5 3.3 ± 0.2 24.5 ± 5.7 n.d. 13 ![](molecules-23-02468-i004.jpg) 1.24 ± 0.02 2.8 ± 0.6 17.9 ± 3.4 12.4 ± 7.5 Fur \*** 1.2 ± 0.3 n.d. \* Furamidine was used as a positive control. n.d. = not determined. molecules-23-02468-t002_Table 2 ###### Results of the Scoring Functions (GS, CS, ChemPLP, and ASP) for Compounds 8--17 with Tdp1. The IC~50~ Values of Compounds 8--13 with Tdp1 were Also Included. Compound GS CS ChemPLP ASP IC~50~ (μM) ------------------- ------ ------ --------- ------ ------------- (*4R*)-8 40.1 26.0 47.9 27.4 \>15 (4S)-8 41.0 25.3 45.0 26.6 \>15 (4R)-9 41.5 25.0 41.1 27.2 \>15 (4S)-9 42.2 25.5 45.5 29.0 \>15 (4R)-10 42.3 25.9 50.7 28.9 2.9 ± 0.8 (4S)-10 44.0 25.2 49.4 28.4 5.8 ± 3.0 (4R)-11 39.6 23.8 51.8 34.4 4.0 ± 0.4 (4S)-11 44.0 25.2 50.6 31.3 1.4 ± 0.3 (4R)-12 55.8 30.3 57.2 29.1 3.3 ± 0.2 (4S)-12 56.0 30.8 56.4 29.8 5.0 ± 1.5 (4R)-13 51.5 32.3 57.1 30.5 2.8 ± 0.6 (4S)-13 52.5 31.4 56.1 30.4 1.24 ± 0.02 (4R)-14 60.9 30.9 60.4 31.3 \- (4S)-14 62.5 29.6 61.3 32.8 \- (4R)-15 50.2 30.5 64.8 32.6 \- (4S)-15 53.6 28.2 59.6 28.5 \- (4R)-16 48.7 23.2 51.6 25.9 \- (4S)-16 48.8 21.5 48.5 27.5 \- (4R)-17 49.2 21.9 49.3 25.1 \- (4S)-17** 51.2 22.2 47.9 27.7 \-	2023-09-13T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1898
Konami Changing Trade Name, Financial Report Shows Net Revenue Down Following the news that Konami has delisted itself from the New York Stock Exchange, Konami announced plans to change its trade name later this year. Starting on October 1, 2015, Konami Coporation will be renamed Konami Holdings Corporation, which the company mentioned in a statement will help clarify its position to investors. Ever since the Company shifted to a pure holding company structure on March 31, 2006, the Company has managed the operation of four primary businesses – Digital Entertainment, Health & Fitness, Gaming & Systems, and Pachislot & Pachinko Machines – at its group companies engaged in the aforementioned businesses. As the Company enters the 10th year under the pure holding company structure in March next year, the Company aims to once again promote a clear understanding of its position among stakeholders by changing the trade name. Konami Digital Entertainment also post their financial report for the last fiscal year, and it showed that the company’s net revenue went down by 7.1 percent from the previous year. The net revenue posted was around ¥96,975 million (around $80,000). Likely, this is due to a lower number of video game releases last fiscal year. Does it surprise you at all that Konami’s revenue is down? And at this point, do you even care if the publisher has changed its name?	2024-05-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5919
[Various aspects on the teaching of veterinary physiology in Latin America]. The results are presented from a PAHO/WHO survey conducted in 1974 with a view to ascertaining the characteristics of the teaching of veterinary physiology in Latin America. A total of 35 schools of veterinary medicine (out of the 69 existing at the time of the survey) replied to the questionnaire sent. In addition, the authors of this article visited 17 schools in seven countries. They examined the following aspects of the teaching of veterinary physiology in the schools surveyed: placement of the program (inside or outside the veterinary school), number of students enrolled in the courses, teaching personnel, student-instructor ratio; academic organization; course content; use of laboratory animals, text and reference books, and laboratory facilities and equipment. The problems faced in the teaching of this subject in Latin America include: lack of suitable instructors and the imbalance in the student-instructor ratio, study programs not geared to the needs of the country, wide variation in the number of hours devoted to teaching, and lack of coordination between this course and other subjects. A number of recommendations for solving those problems are put forward.	2024-06-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2394
CuI-catalyzed intramolecular O-vinylation of carbonyl compounds. The first copper-catalyzed intramolecular O-vinylation of carbonyl compounds with vinyl bromides was reported, among which the efficient formation of 5-, 6- and even 7-membered cyclic alkenyl ethers was achieved with beta-ketoesters as nucleophiles.	2023-09-16T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8086
Inhibition by the protein kinase inhibitor HA1077 of the activation of NADPH oxidase in human neutrophils. The effect of an inhibitor of protein kinase, HA1077 [1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-homopiperazine HCl], and its hydroxylated metabolite, HA1100, on the activation of NADPH oxidase in human neutrophils were studied. Cells were preincubated with each drug for 10 min and then activated by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP). After activation, the rate of superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c was estimated. HA1077 and HA1100 inhibited the PMA-induced production of O2- by neutrophil NADPH oxidase in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 15 and 24 microM, respectively). The sensitivity of the FMLP-induced production of O2- to these drugs was similar. The production of O2- in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated HL-60 cells, which differentiated to macrophage-like cells, was also inhibited by the drugs. The extent of inhibition by HA1077 was almost the same as that by a calmodulin inhibitor (W-7) and by inhibitors of protein kinase (H-7 and H-8). In a cell-free lysate of neutrophils, the NADPH-dependent production of O2- can be induced by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). HA1077 at 100 microM had only a weak inhibitory effect on the cell-free, SDS-induced production of O2-, an indication that HA1077 inhibits the activation of NADPH oxidase, not the actual activity. The effects of H-7 and H-8 were similar to that of HA1077, whereas W-7 inhibited the production of O2- by the cell-free extract of HL-60 cells. This action of HA1077 could explain, in part, its ability to protect neuronal cells from death after ischemia.	2023-11-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8762
Q: War on Tomcat - Spring Vaadin Application I have deploy a Java application developed with Spring and Vaadin on a Apache Tomcat 8.0.39 service running on Windows Server 2012. The war is correctly deploy but when I want to run application, i receive an error/exception : Etat HTTP 500 - Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: No converter for return value of type: class java.util.LinkedHashMap. A note says the stack trace is in the logs of Tomcat but I don't find them. Therefore, I don't know where is the problem, I can't show the code corresponding. If you need something for understand, I can edit my post. EDIT : The problem is the names of my views, I post an answer. A: The problem is the names of my views/pages in Vaadin. On my computer, with Spring, I have a name for each view, and it is ok. But on Tomcat, he wants a page without any name, in other words, a page name "". I change the login page from "login" to ""; And then all run perfectly. It works !	2023-08-04T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9657
Jacob's Den Jacob's Den say: Jacob's Den is all about making beautiful but practical items for your much loved furry friend. Jacob's Den was set up after a long battle of trying to keep my little cross breed dry overnight due to urine incontinence. The development of the Wet Dog Mat has resulted in a clean, dry and happy dog every morning. Our range also includes the Sofa Sack, a bed that your dog snuggle inside and a selection of cuddly blankets. 100% of users rated this business as excellent or very good. Ranked 1 in Dog Accessories & Supplies Ranking calculated based on average score and the most reviews. Businesses need more than 5 reviews to feature at the top. Having had several Wet Dog Mats in the past for my lovely old lurcher girl (sadly no longer with us) - I knew the quality of the Jacob's Den products was unquestionable. My new whippet Millie loves to snuggle and so I thought I would try out the Sofa Sacks. No sooner had I opened the package & laid it on the sofa - she was in it & snoozing away... I think this is going to be a big hit ! There's nothing worse than a chilly whippet ... Hello we are Holly the English Springer, Florence the Labrador and Sulley a rather poorly GSP. Our Mummy has bought us a summer blanket which we like to have outside for extra comfy sunbathing, a snuggly sofa sack and three fleecy blankets. WE love them as they are soft and cosy, Mummy likes them because they are beautifully made, wash well and are excellent value for money. WE ALL highly recommend Jacob's Den products. Lady (my dog) and I were very pleased with our new Jacob's Den blanket! Lady will insist on sleeping on the floor by the window and because I bought the big girl size I can double it over so her eleven year old bones are more comfortable. Beautifully made, excellent quality fleece and rapid despatch. We could do with another one soon for the other window! I have a very sweet little JRTcross who loves being warm - we now have 3 (!) sofa sacks in constant use and a wet blanket to keep her warm (with the cats!) on the kitchen floor. Best products I have got, definitely worth the money - well made and long lasting. We wouldn't be without them. I needed a blanket/mat that I could use that would be good for Betsy that would absorb wet but would keep Betsy dry at the same time; which brought about the need for the Wet Dog Mat (WDM). The WDM is the perfect solution as it was initially designed for dogs that are a bit leaky and wake up wet in the mornings. If your dog is experiencing urine incontinence, it is vital that the dog is kept as clean and dry as possible. By using waterproof bedding, your dog will remain sat or laying in the urine, causing skin irritation and potentially burns. The WDM is both absorbent and waterproof meaning that your dog will remain dry plus anything under the mat will also remain dry. The WDM is made up of a faux-lambskin or polar fleece top, a cotton or fleece bottom and an absorbent layer in the middle. The absorbent middle consists of 5 functional layers. The top layer is made from a highly technical fabric which allows liquids to quickly pass through, whilst it still remains dry and comfortable for the dog. The liquid is then locked away in the middle layers and the waterproof and breathable polyurethane backing prevents penetration of the liquid to anything underneath the WDM. The product has been designed for long term use and can be washed and re-used many times. In fact, the rate of absorbency will increase after the first few washes. The WDM is made specially to go over your existing dog bed, or on the sofa, or even on your own bed if your dog sleeps with you. The WDM is also suitable to be used in the car after hydrotherapy sessions to help dry your dog quicker on the way home or even after a very wet walk, where the mat will draw the water away from your dog, keeping them dry and warm on the way home and this is why I bought the WDM for Betsy as I have a limited time to get Betsy dry, so I quickly dry Betsy with a towel and then put her soft fuchsia Equafleece dog suit on her and then place her in the car on her WDM and away we go. There are 4 sizes available in the WDM Small (50cmx74cm) £30 Medium (75cmx91cm) £40 Large (91cmx91) £50 Extra Large (85cmx135cm) £60 I purchased 2 WDM's because after buying the medium one for the car, I got the extra large WDM for the house to go over my cotton linen sofa so that when Betsy runs into the house with wet paws and wet Equafleece she just jumps onto the WDM on the sofa and doesn't make anything else wet or dirty. The WDM is easy to wash. It should be washed at 30 degrees and can either be hung up to dry or put in the tumble drier on a cool cycle. You should not wash the mat using any softeners/conditioners or 2-in-1 washing powders/liquids. Before the WDM be used be, it should washed and dried at least once before use to start off the absorbency in the mat. Details and examples of all of the products can be found on the Internet (www.jacobsden.co.uk). You will also find a link to the fabric page to see what they have in stock. The website currently does not have a shopping cart/order system as each product is a bespoke item. In the first instance, you should email them using the contact form or email directly at jacobs.den@aol.co.uk to discuss fabric, sizes, etc. Once they have agreed all of the details, they will email you an invoice for payment. Full payment will need to be made at the time of placing the order and your order will not be started until this has been received. I am very impressed with the WDM and the quality of it is brilliant and works out excellent value for money. I highly recommend it. I have two wet dog mats and some blankets from Jacobs Den. The wet dog mat in invaluable for a muddy spaniel. It keeps him dry, my sofa dry, washes beautifully and still looks as good as new despite many washes. I have found all Jacobs Dens products to be of expectional quality and are good value for money. Dominque is a one woman business but is highly efficient and very approachable with endless patience- when I keep changing my mind on fabric choices! This is one of the best dog products I have and would highly recommend it My dog is lucky enough to have 2 fleece blankets, which he adores. They are so soft, really nice pretty designs and when he cuddles up on them he sleeps for ages! Very extremely well made, I will be buying more in the future I am sure and would recommend Jacob's Den to anyone. I have run a rescue for over ten years and part of our work is what we call the Wonky Dog and Cat Club. This involves us taking animals in with life challenging illness or injury. This includes paralysed dogs and ones with urinary incontinence. We also take very elderly dogs, some of which have developed incontinence. The use of Wet Dog Mats has made and amazing difference to the way we care for these dogs. Some do not do well wearing incontinence pads, becoming sore and uncomfortable but by using the mats the dogs remain dry and comfortable all night and day. The mats are washed daily so we have quite a few available and they last a very long time despite this frequent laundering. A great product that has transformed the way we care for these special animals. Absolutely fabulous product. Keeps my soggy cocker spaniel dry and cosy. We have some lovely blankets from Jacob's Den too. Great value, well made and Dominique is very efficient and patient trying to find me just what I'm after. Would definitely recommend. I got my first blanket which was so pretty and soft.. Excellent value for money. They wash brilliantly time after time.. I've now got 7 and a wet dog mat which is a sturdy mat and brilliant.. We have a lovely cotton backed blanket for summer too. I can't praise Jacobs den highly enough. Superb product speedy delivery fabulous customer service! I was looking for something very specific for my dog, he has an illness that needs him to be warm, cosy & safe. He normally tries to find a little nook to snuggle into. Jacob's Den had my answer. I received fantastic support when choosing a product & what would be the best for him. I was also recommended other products to help my dog to which I am extremely grateful. I then brought home a rescue pup who was badly neglected and left with no fur. It was during our very cold spell. My item was made, despatched within a few days. The skills of Jacob's Den is amazing. A great range of products, fabrics & designs. I even have to mention the after care & compassion of this lady. She asks after both my dogs & always there for support. She also was generous enough to donate a product to our Auction which raises money for rescue dogs & vital research. A** Once again Jacobs Den have come to my rescue, my English toy terrier Maddie, likes to be nice and warm, having lost her undercoat (bald from chin to bottom). Every night she would bark when her blanket fell off. Sofa Sack to the rescue, I now sleep all night, she is able to lift the edge of the sack and step in. Good looking and great quality too. I recently bought a sofa sack from Jacob's Den, it's very well made with good quality materials. My dog loves to snuggle inside it to keep herself warm and cozy. I have quite a few other items; wet dog mats and blankets from Jacob's Den, all the items are excellent quality and made well. They all wash very well and look great, my dogs love to lay on the soft materials. I highly recommend Jacob's Den products. I have two wet dog mats from Jacobs Den. I purchased them as my dog who is 11 has slight urine leakage, I put the mat on his bed and it keeps him dry and comfortable. The mats are easy to wash and dry quickly. So pleased I found these mats, they make a difficult situation a lot more manageable I recently bought three sofa sacks on auction night so they were a little cheaper. I honestly feel a little mean for doing this? They are worth so much more than their price tag? I didn't realise two of my three were made with a fleecey fabric, this has gone down so well. A week in, one of my dogs has worked out how to actually get inside?! Either way, I am convinced come winter (not wishing it yet!) they will all work it out. At the moment they are protecting my sofa and the dogs adore lying on them. One has already been through the wash, and came out as good as new. I have a feeling they will last a long long time... The perfect product. I bought a sofa sack to try with my dogs and it was such a success I had to buy two more! The lurchers love to snuggle inside them at night, they do require a little assistance with their long limbs but wait patiently whilst they are helped in. The JRT also has his own smaller sack and loves the feel of the beautifully soft cuddle fleece inside. Excellent products, highly recommended! *See the picture of Jeff the lurcher below tucked up for the night in his sack! Both My Beagles have Sofa Sacs from Jacobs Den, they are amazing! Such good quality, they wash and dry really well too......my two are so obsessed by them I often find they have dragged their sacs out into the garden so they can sit comfortably in the good outdoors. Fabulous service too, cannot fault x I have purchased both a sofa sack and a wet dog mat, my beagle loves snuggling down in her sofa sack and the wet dog mat has been a life saver as she regularly wets in her cage due to anxiety problems, fantastic products would recommend and will be buying more. Nice to have something which has clearly been made with love At first I thought they were a bit pricey, but when I got mine the quality is amazing and you can see how much love and work had gone into making my sofa sack. They are worth every penny and my dogs really love it. It's so warm and cosy. Great for travelling. My next purchase will be a wet dog mat. I love all the different patterns and materials. A fab product! I have bought 3 of the Wet Dog Mats for my girl who has steroid induced incontinence (unfortunately an unpleasant side effect of life saving treatment) and I have to say I could t be without them now. Before purchase my girl was getting recurrent UTI's due to being in contact with wet puppy pads. Since buying the Wet Dog Mats my girl is comfortable, dry and hasn't had a urine infection for a long time. I use them in her bed and in the sofa so she's allowed to sleeps where she wants without me having to worry about her spoiling the furniture or having to wash her bed all the time. The quality of them is fantastic and they wash incredibly well. Thank You so much Jacobs Den for helping to make my girl more comfortable and happier as a result. Murphy loves her sofa sack and we were really impressed with the quality too. It was great to be able to choose the fabrics from a wide choice and it arrived quickly too. Wherever we go, Murphy can take her sack with her even if she can't take her bed. It's also useful to cuddle her in after a bath as she goes wet dog nuts otherwise! I have a couple of the luxury blankets from Jacobs den and also a couple of the wet dog mats. Both are excellent, they wash and wash and still come up brand new. We use the soft blankets around the house, anywhere really and my spaniel can almost always be found lying on the blanket. The wet dog mats are fantastic invention. After a wet /soggy walk we,ll put these anywhere that we dont want wet OR soggy! on the sofa, bed, his bed and again he will go and lie on the mat, therefore keeping the dampness from seeping through. I really hope to be buying Jacobs den mats for a long time to come. The fleece and patterns are so unique and cute its so tempting to buy more. Definately one of the very best items I have ever bought for my dog.	2024-01-22T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3509
Clinical indication as an ethical appraisal: the example of imaging before middle ear surgery. Asking whether imaging is indicated before middle ear surgery requires us to examine the question of indication more generally. Clinical indication integrates different levels, which are distinguished in this paper. As deciding whether or not an intervention is indicated requires different approaches on each of these levels, these approaches are also explored. Even when sufficient data are available to determine whether an intervention brings some benefit, knowing whether or not this intervention is indicated still requires us to answer 3 additional questions: (1) Is the intervention sufficiently beneficial to be clinically relevant? (2) Is the intervention 'reasonable' in terms of its opportunity costs? (3) How are we to decide which interventions 'make the cut', and which do not? Although we may all have an informed opinion on this topic, the question of the thresholds we ought to apply to very marginal benefits is one where the best answer can only be the one we have all agreed on. This requires a guideline integrating elements of procedural fairness, developed in conditions of protection from the risks of conflicts of interests. Although some of these questions integrate considerations of costs, not all do. However, all integrate value judgements, making clinical indication in part a question of ethical appraisal.	2024-05-31T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7390
The future is Forget Avatar, it was just the tip of an ice-cube. In comparison, the three-dimensional iceberg that’s drifting in its wake towards the entertainment industry is far bigger than the effect James Cameron’s $2.7-billion grosser has wrought. It looks set to change the course the industry till the visible technology horizon. The technology that Cameron’s film is credited to have breathed life into has been around in some way or the other since the 1890s, when a 3D moviemaking process was first patented in Britain. Over the next century came technologies that failed on the cost-benefit scale. What Avatar did was to show the marketing possibilities of 3D — marking the second coming of the old magic. Filmmakers at home, too, want to ride the wave. India’s first 3D movie was in 1998 — Jijo Punnoose’s Chhota Chetan. Then came a few animation films, but not much more. Now Pooja Bhatt wants to make a Jism sequel in 3D. Ram Gopal Varma has announced an adventure flick and a horror movie in the format. The animated Bal Hanuman 2 has just been released on 3D. Call it the Avatar effect. It’s not just about films. Last month Samsung, Sony and Panasonic launched 3D television sets in India. Taiwan’s Acer has launched a 3D laptop. Computer games such as Avatar, Batman: Arkham Asylum and G-Force are available across the country on the format. This year’s football World Cup will be the first one to be telecast on 3D. Much of these must have been in the works for years. What has brought about their releases now? 3D FLIC launch event at Cinespace Film Studios 3D FLIC was officially launched on April 23rd 2010 at Toronto’s Cinespace Film Studios. Over 100 industry and government delegates were on hand to learn about 3D FLIC’s unique convergence of academia, industry, art and science. Demonstrations included the 3D Camera Company’s new Hawkeye S3D camera with a live 3D footage feed; a demo of 2D to 3D conversion by Communications Research Centre Canada in association with Cinespace Film Studios and Creative Post Inc.; a demo reel from Starz Animation Toronto; and a presentation of Side Effects Software Inc.’s procedural 3D animation software Houdini. Left: From left, Stan Shapson, vice-president, research & innovation at York; David Choat, vice-president of human resources at the Ontario Centres of Excellence; Laura Albanese, parliamentary assistant to the minister of culture and MPP for York South-Weston; Karen Thorne-Stone, president and CEO of the Ontario Media Development Corporation; and Jim Mirkopoulos, vice-president of operations at Cinespace Film Studios Ontario incentives turn to 3D work After losing traditional Hollywood film and TV shoots to rival U.S. states like Louisiana and New Mexico, the Ontario provincial government is looking to lift its local production sector by luring 3D flicks and 2D-to-3D conversion work up north. In the wake of “Avatar,” the Ontario Media Development Corp. on Friday unveiled a two-year $1.4 million 3D Film Innovation Consortium (3D FLIC) to expand Toronto’s 3D film expertise. OMDC president and CEO Karen Thorne-Stone said her agency, which markets the province as a film location in Hollywood, is looking to build out Ontario’s 3D infrastructure to entice Los Angeles producers with next-level 3D projects to complete. York’s 3D FLIC will invest $1.4 million into local film industry innovation In the wake of the success of Avatar and Sherlock Holmes, virtually every media commentator agrees that the future of the film business is in 3-D. But as the industry attempts to explore the storytelling potential of what is essentially a new medium, the local film industry finds itself facing an adjustment to a new type of production.	2023-12-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5832
News Schools to foot bill as councils top-slice apprenticeship levy Schools across England are being told by councils that they must foot the bill for the government’s apprenticeship levy, regardless of whether or not they employ their own staff, a Schools Week investigation has revealed. The levy, which comes in next April, will see all employers, including councils and multi-academy trusts, in England with wage bills larger than £3 million pay a tax equivalent of 0.5 per cent of their payroll. In exchange, they will be able to claim digital apprenticeship vouchers to pay to train their own apprentices. Although many schools that are still local authority-maintained are not technically responsible for paying the levy because their staff are officially employed by their local council, several authorities are already seeking to pass on responsibility for the payments, which for some schools will amount to tens of thousands of pounds. Academies and academy trusts will also be liable for the levy, but are able to be more flexible on where the money comes from. Suffolk County Council has asked its schools forum committee to sign off on plans to top-slice £12 per pupil from its schools next year, rising to £23 in 2018/19. The head of one school in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham says he has been told to pay 0.5 per cent of his payroll bill, despite not being the official employer of his staff. The headteacher, who wanted to remain anonymous, told Schools Week he had received an update from the council by telephone, and was now struggling to work out how the levy bill of £50,000 a year could be paid. “They have said that because the budget is delegated to the school, therefore the school pays the levy, but we are not the employer. It is £50,000 I cannot afford to lose.” A spokesperson for the council said the levy was on the payroll and “should be seen as part of the overall costs of employing staff”. “It is not any different from national insurance,” he told Schools Week. “In both instances the council is the ultimate employer of the staff but budget for employing staff is delegated to schools along with the costs of pay, superannuation, national insurance and any new payroll levies. “Where we are the payroll agent the council will administer the levy as part of its normal payroll service. We are not planning to top slice the budgets but schools will need to make sufficient provision for it when calculating the costs of employing staff. We obviously have sympathy for the schools and agree it is an additional burden to them but it is not a burden of our making.” From next year, schools with more than 250 employees will also be subject to the public sector apprenticeship targets, which mean they will have to hire at least six apprentices every year, even if they do not want to take advantage of funding available from the levy pot. This has also caused concern among the same heads facing additional costs as a result of the levy. In Suffolk, the estimated cost to the council of the levy contribution for schools is £1.14 million. Instead of levying the 0.5 per cent rate on those schools with larger payroll bills, the council will spread the cost out across all of its schools, at a cost of £23 per pupil, per school. Rachel Gooch, a Suffolk-based school governor and co-opted member of the county’s education and children’s services scrutiny committee, called the move an “unfair and a further unexpected cut to school budgets”, and said councils should work with the government to find a solution. She said: “It was never the government’s intention that this levy should apply to small employers but this is how it is being applied to small schools. “Small schools, like any small employer, can neither afford a 0.5 per cent paybill tax nor have the capacity to benefit from employing apprentices. There is nothing left to cut in small schools except staff. The DfE and councils need to work out a solution so that children’s education is not affected by this levy.” Gordon Jones, Suffolk’s cabinet member for education, said the council was having to “look at the options open to us” because no additional funding had been made available. “As this is a levy on employment in organisations, the funding for the schools element should come from the schools budget,” he insisted. “The cost amounts to £23 per pupil for each maintained school per year which is a small percentage of overall school funding per student. “We recognise the challenge that this new national levy will present to school leaders in managing their budgets. We hope that schools will be able to make use of the employment opportunities the apprenticeship levy will create, as well as training opportunities for some of their staff.”	2023-10-17T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6231
Antiproliferative activity of methylated analogues of E- and Z-resveratrol. The stilbenoids E-resveratrol (E-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, 1), E-3,5,4'-trimethoxystilbene (2), E-3,4,4'-trimethoxystilbene (3) and E-3,4'-dimethoxy-5-hydroxystilbene (4) were converted by photoisomerization to their corresponding Z-isomers 5-8. Compounds 1-8 were subjected to antiproliferative activity bioassays towards a set of four different human cancer cell lines, namely DU-145 (androgen not responsive human prostate tumor), LNCaP (androgen responsive human prostate tumor), M-14 (human melanoma) and KB (human mouth epidermoid carcinoma). The methylated analogues of 1 are more active than the natural lead in the majority of bioassays. The most active compound was Z-3,5,4'-trimethoxystilbene (6), which showed against DU-145 and LNCaP cells GI50 values close to those of the anticancer drug vinorelbine; 6 resulted more active than its E-isomer 2 towards DU-145, LNCaP and especially KB cell lines. A number of methylated Z-isomers displayed a higher activity than their E-isomers, but E-resveratrol (1) was more active than Z-resveratrol (5) towards all the tested cell lines.	2024-05-03T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2150
In a new study published in the journal Acta Zoologica, Johan Billen of the Catholic University of Leuven (KUL), Belgium and his team report on a kind of ant that's especially evolved to kill itself in order to save the nest. How it goes about it is the gross part: The ant of Borneo will grab on to an invading creature, and squeeze itself to death all the while releasing a lethal yellow goo. What's odd about these ants is that they have evolved to keep a huge amount of this goo in their bodies. Normal ants have glands in their jaws that do release secretions, but these ants have filled most of their bodies with these secretions. So much so that they can't keep as much food as other ants. We've reached out to Billen to see if we can get a bit more detail about these "exploding ants." And also to see if we can land a picture or two. Update at 5:19 p.m. ET. Odd To Find Suicide So Far From Colony: We were able to talk to Diana "Dinah" Davidson, one of the study's authors and a retired ecologist from the University of Utah. She was so fascinated by the ants that she paid her own way to Brunei to study the ants in the field. We've cut this piece of audio of Davidson explaining her finds. It's a long piece, but worth a listen. Davidson told us these exploding ants were first reported by a German biologist in the '70s. He noted that when he grabbed the ants with forceps, they would explode. He even took them back to Europe and introduced them to other ants and the result was the same: The ant would clasp on to the other ants and explode. What Davidson and her team found was the reason for what they did. Davidson clarified that what's odd about this finding is that these ants are not directly protecting a nest, but they are protecting a foraging territory that can be "hundreds of meters from the nest." "Organisms don't usually commit suicide," she said. Of course there are other examples, some termites and honey bees commit suicide, but Davidson explains, it's to protect a queen, which is the "reproductive individual." "If you're going to find suicide it's not surprising to find it in social insects. It was surprsing to find it so far from the colony," said Davidson. Of course many will say, "Well, all ants will fight to the death to protect their nest." But Davidson said this is different. "Not all ants will blow themselves up," she said. And the way they do it means it's "intentional self sacrifice, voluntary self sacrifice." Davidson says when an ant enters their territory they pounce. "They grab the leg and wrap themselves around the ventral side of that opponent and when they do that the mandibular gland compound comes out through the anterior mandibular gland opening and they are forced out through pressure because the ant is squeezing itself," said Davidson. That's right: The ant squeezes itself to death. "They burst through the intersegmental membrane of the ant's abdomen... killing the ants," said Davidson. The ants end up "permanently glued to the opponent because the compounds are very sticky and they tumble from the canopy as a pair into the leaf litter and are eventually eaten by something."	2024-05-29T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5694
Wednesday, November 21, 2012 GEF Advised Not to Fund SRM, Support Possible for CDR The Global Environment Facility (GEF), the world's largest environmental funding body, has been advised by its Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP) to refrain from supporting SRM geoengineering projects, but that some CDR technologies such as BECCS and biochar may warrant funding support. In a newly released advisory document, STAP concludes that, Overall, it would appear that the GEF should avoid funding SRM projects until the risks and uncertainties are more clearly defined. The GEF could consider supporting biological atmospheric CO2 removal projects that seem to have lower risk, but only after a greater understanding of costs and barriers from on-going R&D has been established. Geoengineering may remain a potential option if the crossing of tipping points leading to abrupt climate change occurs, and if all other GHG reduction approaches fail. (p. 56) If the Facility adopts this as official policy, there will be significant ripple effects across major international financial institutions such as the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and African Development Bank (these and other organizations administer GEF-funded projects).	2023-11-06T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9782
Q: How to edit a contact from Address book in iphone? I create one new application.i add the contact from address book see the code below but how to edit this add contact from address book i don't know . can any one have know then give the sample code or idea. thanx in advance give your valuable time for me. //code for add contact in contact list ABRecordRef aRecord = ABPersonCreate(); CFErrorRef anError = NULL; ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonFirstNameProperty, txtfirstname.text, &anError); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonLastNameProperty, txtlastName.text, &anError); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonBirthdayProperty, [datepick date], &anError); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonPhoneProperty, txtMobileNo, &anError); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonEmailProperty, txtEmailID, &anError); if (anError != NULL) { NSLog(@"error while creating.."); } CFStringRef firstName, lastName,birthDay; firstName = ABRecordCopyValue(aRecord, kABPersonFirstNameProperty); lastName = ABRecordCopyValue(aRecord, kABPersonLastNameProperty); birthDay = ABRecordCopyValue(aRecord, kABPersonBirthdayProperty); ABMutableMultiValueRef email = ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType); ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(email, txtEmailID.text, CFSTR("email"), NULL); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonEmailProperty, email, &anError); CFRelease(email); ABMutableMultiValueRef multiPhone = ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType); ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(multiPhone,txtMobileNo.text, kABPersonPhoneMainLabel, NULL); ABRecordSetValue(aRecord, kABPersonPhoneProperty, multiPhone,nil); CFRelease(multiPhone); UIImage personImage; personImage = tempimage; NSData dataRef = UIImagePNGRepresentation(personImage); CFDataRef dr = CFDataCreate(NULL, [dataRef bytes], [dataRef length]); CFErrorRef error = NULL; ABPersonSetImageData(aRecord, dr, &error); ABAddressBookRef addressBook; addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate(); BOOL isAdded = ABAddressBookAddRecord (addressBook,aRecord,&error); if(isAdded) { NSLog(@"added.."); } if (error != NULL) { NSLog(@"ABAddressBookAddRecord %@", error); } error = NULL; BOOL isSaved = ABAddressBookSave (addressBook,&error); if(isSaved) { UIAlertView* alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Contact Save" message:nil delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"Dismiss" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alertView show]; [alertView release]; NSLog(@"saved.."); } if (error != NULL) { NSLog(@"ABAddressBookSave %@", error); } CFRelease(aRecord); CFRelease(firstName); CFRelease(lastName); CFRelease(birthDay); CFRelease(addressBook); A: Apple's sample project QuickContacts covers this: http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#samplecode/QuickContacts/Introduction/Intro.html. i hope it's helpful to you.	2023-09-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3459
/** * @license * Copyright Google Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.io/license */ // THIS CODE IS GENERATED - DO NOT MODIFY // See angular/tools/gulp-tasks/cldr/extract.js export default []; //# sourceMappingURL=naq.js.map	2024-01-08T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7366
Q: How to save songs in SqlLite database? I want to save songs in SqlLite database in my app. And want to listen offline music. My app is online play music and playing music online from links Please guide. Thanks in Advance A: Currently I am working on a media player app, and my advice is to save the songs encrypted in the app folder. And than to save the path to the song in the SQL. I am doing the same thing, but rather than saving in SQL, I am serializing the ArrayList of objects with GSON and save them in en encrypted Shared Preferences. The object has just the essentials (Title, Artist ...) and the path to the saved song. Sample code: public void saveReferenceToSavedSongs(String json) { try { editor.putString("songs_key", json); editor.commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public String getReferenceToSavedSongs() { try { return sharedPreferences.getString("songs_key", ""); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ""; } How to use: (Don't forget to encrypt the json) // to save them ArrayList<Song> temp = new ArrayList<Song>(); // add songs saveReferenceToSavedSongs(new Gson().toJson(temp)); // to load them ArrayList<Song> songs = load(getReferenceToSavedSongs()); public ArrayList<Song> load(String json) { if (json != null && !json.equals("")) { Gson gson = new Gson(); Type typeToken = new TypeToken<ArrayList<Song>>() { }.getType(); savedSongs = gson.fromJson(json, typeToken); } return savedSongs; }	2024-04-12T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6674
Take me out with the crowd: Dale and LuAnn Klein explore America’s ballparks This is an archived article and the information in the article may be outdated. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated. Take me out with the crowd: Dale and LuAnn Klein explore America’s ballparks Dave Hoekstra talks with ballpark enthusiasts Dale and LuAnn Klein, who have spent more than 30 years travelling the country visiting over 330 Minor League and 50 MLB stadiums. They talk about what they love in a ballpark experience, how an impromptu game in Nashville in the 80’s led to their three-decade run driving around in a series of Dodge Caravans and taking in America’s fields of summer, and more	2023-09-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5650
The invention concerns accessory tools of the type which are used with great frequency in association with a particular power tool and means for maintaining such accessory tools conveniently accessible while the power tool is in use. Portable power tools sometimes incorporate a holder carrying the most frequently used accessory tool so that that tool is always conveniently available when needed. This is particularly true and useful for tools such as drills and circular saws where a cutting element (drill bit or saw blade) must be changed frequently. But often there is a secondary accessory tool also frequently, if not constantly, used for which no special provision is made. An example of the latter is a square with a graduated blade, used with a circular saw for marking on a workpiece the next intended cut such as a narrow rip. Given that encumbering a power tool with even one accessory may be accepted with some reluctance by the tool designer because of space and weight constraints, second accessory tools are even less likely to find a home on the power tool. This is especially true if they are of awkward shape and relatively bulky, such as a square as typically used with a circular saw.	2024-06-02T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8744
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE confgen-usage [ <!ENTITY rarr "→" > ]> <!-- *********** Don't format this document using eclipse XML formatter! It will mess up the indenting in a few spots *********** --> <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd"> <properties> <title>SuperStructureGen Usage</title> <author email="jamesagnew@users.sourceforge.net">James Agnew</author> </properties> <body> <section name="SuperStructureGen Plugin - Usage"> <macro name="toc"> </macro> <p> The superstructuregen plugin is used to create a set of HAPI structure classes which combine multiple message structures into a single class. </p> <p> See the <a href="../xref/ca/uhn/hl7v2/examples/ExampleSuperStructures.html">SuperStructures</a> example page for more information on their usage. </p> <subsection name="Using the Plugin"> <p> Usage of the plusing is as follows: </p> <source><plugin> <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi</groupId> <artifactId>hapi-sourcegen</artifactId> <version>${hapi_version_stable}</version> <executions> <execution> <id>superstructure_adt</id> <goals> <goal>superstructuregen</goal> </goals> <configuration> <!-- The directory to place the generated files in --> <targetDirectory>${basedir}/target/generated-sources/superstructuregen</targetDirectory> <!-- The name for the genrated strcuture --> <targetStructureName>ADT_AXX</targetStructureName> <!-- This is the HL7 version to base the superstructure on --> <version>2.5</version> <!-- And finally, a list of structures to combine. This list supports regex, so the following are all valid --> <structures> <structure>ADT_A0[1-3]</structure> <structure>ADT_A17</structure> <structure>ORU.*</structure> </structures> </configuration> </execution> </executions> <dependencies> <!-- Make sure to include the appropriate HAPI version as a dependency --> <dependency> <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi</groupId> <artifactId>hapi-structures-v25</artifactId> <version>${hapi.version.structures}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin></source> </subsection> </section> <section name="Using the Generated Sources"> <p> Once you have completed the source generation, you have a set of classes you can use in your application. </p> <p> The following examples assume you have created a custom structure called "ADT_AXX" and generated classes using the confgen plugin. </p> <subsection name="Sending Custom Structures"> <p> To send messages out using your custom structures: </p> <source>// Create a new instance of the message and initialize it ADT_AXX outMsg = new ADT_AXX(); outMsg.initQuickstart("ZDT", "A01", "T"); // .. populate other segments .. // e.g. outMsg.getPID().getPid3_PatientIdentifierList(0)....... // Create a hapi context and send the message DefaultHapiContext ctx = new DefaultHapiContext(); Connection conn = ctx.newClient("someserver.com", 8888, false); // Send the message Message response = conn.getInitiator().sendAndReceive(outMsg);</source> </subsection> <subsection name="Receiving Custom Structures"> <p> The easiest way to receive messages and have them parsed into a custom structure is to use a CanonicalModelClassFactory and configure it to always use your custom structure. </p> <source>DefaultHapiContext ctx = new DefaultHapiContext(); ModelClassFactory mcf = new CanonicalModelClassFactory(ADT_AXX.class); ctx.setModelClassFactory(mcf); HL7Service server = ctx.newServer(8888, false); server.start();</source> </subsection> </section> </body> </document>	2023-09-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4182
Some critics labeled the movie Dune incomprehensible and confusing when it was released in 1984, before reaching its cult status. Well, it turns out that some of the cast and crew were a little discombobulated too. In a recently unearthed video clip from a 2013 Q&A event at Emerald City Comic Con (via The Hollywood Reporter) actor Patrick Stewart hilariously claims director David Lynch had wanted an entirely different actor for the role of Gurney Halleck, and Stewart had no idea who his famous co-star Sting was on the first days filming together. An audience member opened a whole giant can of sandworms when they asked Stewart what it was like to star alongside the front man of British rock band The Police, which prompted him to firstly tell the story of his own casting. “OK… Dune was an accident, it should not have happened to me. I’m serious!” he said to much laughter from the crowd. “This is too long a story to tell here, but the fact is David Lynch had thought he had cast someone else… it is absolutely the truth.” Video of Patrick Stewart talks about meeting Sting on the set of DUNE (Funny to the EXTREME) While he didn't reveal exactly who it was Lynch had in mind, he did reveal some rather fabulous anecdotes about filming. He continued: “I was the wrong actor, but by then it was too late. It was fabulous, some great, great actors, in that movie. I got to go out for dinner with Max Von Sydow once a week, who is one of my heroes! And I used to sit across the table from him and we would sit and eat tacos… Kyle MacLachlan has become a life-long friend and buddy, as has Everett McGill who was also in that movie, the three of us hung out together a lot.” But what about Sting?! Sadly, the “Englishman In New York” singer almost passed Stewart by completely, as he was “isolated” from the world of popular music at that time. However, he knew enough to know that the casting of him to play Feyd-Rautha was kinda a big deal. “There was this frisson everywhere, the whole of Mexico City was abuzz that Sting was coming. So I heard he was a musician, that’s all I knew,” Stewart recalled. To further amusement from the audience, Stewart said his first question to Sting was, “So, you’re a musician? What do you play?” Hilarity ensued when Sting tried to tell Stewart that he played bass guitar in the global chart-topping band The Police, which left Stewart believing that he was chatting to a member of a police band who played the double bass. It’s just a shame that none of this was caught on camera and included in the DVD extras. It could have provided some light relief after the movie. What are your thoughts on the movie Dune? Let us know in the comments below.	2023-10-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8387
Pyongyang published this fun bit of propaganda earlier this week (via Shanghaiist). The Global Happiness Index names China as the happiest country in the world, with a full 100 points. North Korea came in second, followed by Cuba, Iran and Venezuela. South Korea ranks 152 with 18 points. "The American Empire" ranks last with only 3 points.	2024-01-05T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4511
Originally Tarkovsky had wanted “space age” costumes to be used for Solaris, since the film takes place in the future. Andrei, however, was not satisfied with the plans the first costume designer had come up with: she had used “futuristic designs” from the “House of Models”, which designers saw as pointers to fashions of the future. In Mosfilm’s footwear workshop, square-toed shoes with incredibly high platform soles had been made for the film’s main character, Kris Kelvin. They horrified Andrei. The director’s diary for September 7, 1970 contains the following brief entry: “There’s nobody I can work with. I’ve got rid of the executive producer and the costume designer as well. Who’s going to replace them? The studio’s got nothing to offer.” Later, on September 21, he noted: “We’ve found a costume designer… N Fomina. Armed with sketches from Mikhail [Romadin], I think she’ll cope.” I joined the team for Solaris a mere month before shooting began.	2024-04-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1204
GOP Sen. John McCain John Sidney McCainAnalysis: Biden victory, Democratic sweep would bring biggest boost to economy The Memo: Trump's strengths complicate election picture Mark Kelly: Arizona Senate race winner should be sworn in 'promptly' MORE's family announced on Friday that the Arizona senator has decided to discontinue medical treatment, more than a year after being diagnosed with an aggressive form of brain cancer. "In the year since, John has surpassed expectations for his survival. But the progress of disease and the inexorable advance of age render their verdict. With his usual strength of will, he has now chosen to discontinue medical treatment," McCain's family said in a statement released by his office. ADVERTISEMENT "Our family is immensely grateful for the support and kindness of all his caregivers over the last year, and for the continuing outpouring of concern and affection from John’s many friends and associates, and the many thousands of people who are keeping him in their prayers,” they added. “God bless and thank you all." The statement comes less than a week before the GOP senator's 82nd birthday. "My family is deeply appreciative of all the love and generosity you have shown us during this past year,” his daughter Meghan McCain wrote in a tweet Friday. “Thank you for all your continued support and prayers. We could not have made it this far without you - you've given us strength to carry on.” His wife, Cindy McCain, added: "I love my husband with all of my heart. God bless everyone who has cared for my husband along this journey." McCain was diagnosed in July 2017 with brain cancer, which was discovered after he had surgery to remove a blood clot above his left eye. He was first elected to the Senate in 1986 but rose to prominence as the party's 2008 presidential nominee and is known for a "maverick" streak that has at times rankled congressional leadership and presidents of his own party. The Arizona Republican has had a rocky relationship with Trump dating back to the 2016 presidential campaign, when candidate Trump mocked McCain for being captured during the Vietnam War. That tension escalated as McCain emerged as one of the loudest GOP critics of Trump in the Senate. McCain returned to Washington, from Arizona, weeks after his diagnosis to urge senators to "trust each other" and "return to regular order" at a time when the chamber was locked in a deeply divisive debate over the GOP effort to repeal and replace ObamaCare. Days later, he sided with GOP Sens. Susan Collins Susan Margaret CollinsThe Hill's Campaign Report: Trump faces backlash after not committing to peaceful transition of power Billionaire who donated to Trump in 2016 donates to Biden Credit union group to spend million on Senate, House races MORE (Maine) and Lisa Murkowski Lisa Ann MurkowskiOVERNIGHT ENERGY: House passes sweeping clean energy bill \| Pebble Mine CEO resigns over secretly recorded comments about government officials \| Corporations roll out climate goals amid growing pressure to deliver The Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by Facebook - Trump previews SCOTUS nominee as 'totally brilliant' Abortion stirs GOP tensions in Supreme Court fight MORE (Alaska) to sink the Republican plan to repeal ObamaCare. The move earned him the frequent wrath of Trump, who mocked McCain as recently as this month, saying at a New York fundraiser that "one of our wonderful senators said ‘thumbs down’ at 2 o'clock in the morning," a reference to McCain voting down the ObamaCare repeal bill. Though McCain has been absent from Capitol Hill since December — when his office announced that he had returned to Arizona for "physical therapy and rehabilitation" — he's continued to weigh in on the Senate's foreign policy and national security debates. McCain, who is chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, has often tried to position himself as a counterbalance to Trump's White House on matters of U.S. foreign policy, an area where the two men have widely divergent worldviews. He sharply criticized the president’s Russia rhetoric after the July summit with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Helsinki, Finland, saying Trump’s remarks were "disgraceful." He signed on as a cosponsor earlier this month to a "crushing" Russia sanctions bill, spearheaded by Sens. Lindsey Graham Lindsey Olin GrahamSteele Dossier sub-source was subject of FBI counterintelligence probe Hillicon Valley: Subpoenas for Facebook, Google and Twitter on the cards \| Wray rebuffs mail-in voting conspiracies \| Reps. raise mass surveillance concerns Key Democrat opposes GOP Section 230 subpoena for Facebook, Twitter, Google MORE (R-S.C.) and Bob Menendez Robert (Bob) MenendezKasie Hunt to host lead-in show for MSNBC's 'Morning Joe' Senators ask for removal of tariffs on EU food, wine, spirits: report VOA visa decision could hobble Venezuela coverage MORE (D-N.J.). He also, unsuccessfully, urged his colleagues to reject Gina Haspel's nomination to lead the CIA, saying "her refusal to acknowledge torture’s immorality is disqualifying." The fight was deeply personal for McCain, a Vietnam War veteran who was captured and tortured after his plane was shot down in 1967. Though the White House didn't immediately comment on the announcement from McCain's family, his longtime colleagues offered their support on social media. GOP Sen. Lindsey Graham (S.C.), one of his closest friends and allies in the Senate, praised McCain's family for their "continuing and abiding love, care and dedication." "The entire McCain clan is doing exactly what the McCains have done through generations — rise to the meet the challenge," Graham said in a statement. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell Addison (Mitch) Mitchell McConnellTrump 'no longer angry' at Romney because of Supreme Court stance On The Money: Anxious Democrats push for vote on COVID-19 aid \| Pelosi, Mnuchin ready to restart talks \| Weekly jobless claims increase \| Senate treads close to shutdown deadline The Hill's Campaign Report: Trump faces backlash after not committing to peaceful transition of power MORE (R-Ky.), who at times broke with McCain on issues like immigration and healthcare, said he was "very sad to hear" the announcement from McCain's family. "We are so fortunate to call him our friend and colleague,” he said in a tweet. “John, Cindy, and the entire McCain family are in our prayers at this incredibly difficult hour.” Sen. Jack Reed John (Jack) Francis ReedWhen 'Buy American' and common sense collide Hillicon Valley: Russia 'amplifying' concerns around mail-in voting to undermine election \| Facebook and Twitter take steps to limit Trump remarks on voting \| Facebook to block political ads ahead of election Top Democrats press Trump to sanction Russian individuals over 2020 election interference efforts MORE (D-R.I.), the ranking member on the Armed Services Committee, said McCain was "still inspiring us [with] his courage, grit, determination & grace." "Scarred but never broken, John has always defied the odds,” he said in a tweet. “I’m not in denial, just in awe of my friend & a true patriot. Thank you for everything, Mr. Chairman.” Mitt Romney Willard (Mitt) Mitt RomneyTrump 'no longer angry' at Romney because of Supreme Court stance GOP lawmakers distance themselves from Trump comments on transfer of power McConnell pushes back on Trump: 'There will be an orderly transition' MORE, a fellow GOP presidential candidate in 2008 who later endorsed McCain, said that "no man this century better exemplifies honor, patriotism, service, sacrifice, and country first than Senator John McCain." And John Kerry John Forbes KerryThe Memo: Warning signs flash for Trump on debates Divided country, divided church TV ads favored Biden 2-1 in past month MORE — who served with McCain for decades in the Senate before going on to be secretary of State during the Obama administration — said the GOP senator has shown Americans what “the words grace and grit really mean." "God bless John McCain, his family, and all who love him," Kerry said. "A brave man showing us once again what the words grace and grit really mean." Arizona Gov. Doug Ducey (R) called McCain an "American hero." "Always putting country before self. From Vietnam to the halls of the U.S. Senate, the spirit of service and civility that has guided Senator McCain's life stands as a model for all Americans, regardless of political affiliation," Ducey said in a statement. Neither Ducey nor McCain's family indicated that McCain intends to resign from his Senate seat, and both sides have publicly admonished speculation about who will succeed him. If McCain resigns or dies while in office, Ducey would be required to appoint someone to fill the seat through the next general election, in 2020. —Last updated at 5:36 p.m.	2023-11-02T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7556
Linkage mapping of the angiotensin AT2 receptor gene (Agtr2) to the mouse X chromosome. Angiotensin II is a potent regulator of cardiovascular homeostasis and binds to two different G-protein-coupled receptors. While the type 1 receptor (AT1) mediates the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin II, the function of the recently cloned type 2 receptor (AT2) remains unknown. We have cloned the mouse AT2 receptor gene (Agtr2) and determined its map position by linkage analysis using an interspecific backcross (C57BL/6J x Mus spretus).Agtr2 is located on the proximal mouse X chromosome between DXMit85 and DXMit49, in a region of conserved synteny with a part of the human X chromosome implicated in inherited forms of premature ovarian failure. The mapping of Agtr2 may expand a region of conserved synteny with human Xq26 that includes Hprt.	2024-02-22T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8157
[Therapeutic problems in the application of antiparkinsonian drugs in psychiatry]. This paper describes therapeutic problems concerning antiparkinsonian drugs in psychiatry. Particular attention was paid to problems like: 1. Possibility of making a therapeutic mistake of too prolonged and therefore harmful pharmacotherapy with antiparkinsonian drugs in the treatment of most common psychoses. 2. The importance of a careful selection of an optimal antiparkinsonian drug, especially in psyhogeriatric cases (for example Amantadinum). 3. The description of other indications for antiparkinsonian drugs: affective diseases or alcoholic withdrawal syndroms.	2023-08-31T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3207
The subject matter disclosed herein relates to inducing combustion dynamics, and, more specifically, to inducing combustion dynamics to remove ash within gas turbine engines. In general, gas turbine engines combust a mixture of compressed air and fuel to produce hot combustion gases. The combustion gases may flow through one or more turbine stages to generate power for a load and/or a compressor. As the demand for energy has increased, gas turbine operators and manufacturers have increasingly explored the use of heavy fuel oils in gas turbines. However, the combustion of heavy fuel oils may produce ash which may settle on components of the gas turbine engines.	2024-06-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8536
/* * Copyright (c) 2007, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. * * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. * * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that * accompanied this code). * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. * * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any * questions. / package com.sun.media.sound; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /* * Soundfont general region. * * @author Karl Helgason */ public class SF2Region { public final static int GENERATOR_STARTADDRSOFFSET = 0; public final static int GENERATOR_ENDADDRSOFFSET = 1; public final static int GENERATOR_STARTLOOPADDRSOFFSET = 2; public final static int GENERATOR_ENDLOOPADDRSOFFSET = 3; public final static int GENERATOR_STARTADDRSCOARSEOFFSET = 4; public final static int GENERATOR_MODLFOTOPITCH = 5; public final static int GENERATOR_VIBLFOTOPITCH = 6; public final static int GENERATOR_MODENVTOPITCH = 7; public final static int GENERATOR_INITIALFILTERFC = 8; public final static int GENERATOR_INITIALFILTERQ = 9; public final static int GENERATOR_MODLFOTOFILTERFC = 10; public final static int GENERATOR_MODENVTOFILTERFC = 11; public final static int GENERATOR_ENDADDRSCOARSEOFFSET = 12; public final static int GENERATOR_MODLFOTOVOLUME = 13; public final static int GENERATOR_UNUSED1 = 14; public final static int GENERATOR_CHORUSEFFECTSSEND = 15; public final static int GENERATOR_REVERBEFFECTSSEND = 16; public final static int GENERATOR_PAN = 17; public final static int GENERATOR_UNUSED2 = 18; public final static int GENERATOR_UNUSED3 = 19; public final static int GENERATOR_UNUSED4 = 20; public final static int GENERATOR_DELAYMODLFO = 21; public final static int GENERATOR_FREQMODLFO = 22; public final static int GENERATOR_DELAYVIBLFO = 23; public final static int GENERATOR_FREQVIBLFO = 24; public final static int GENERATOR_DELAYMODENV = 25; public final static int GENERATOR_ATTACKMODENV = 26; public final static int GENERATOR_HOLDMODENV = 27; public final static int GENERATOR_DECAYMODENV = 28; public final static int GENERATOR_SUSTAINMODENV = 29; public final static int GENERATOR_RELEASEMODENV = 30; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYNUMTOMODENVHOLD = 31; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYNUMTOMODENVDECAY = 32; public final static int GENERATOR_DELAYVOLENV = 33; public final static int GENERATOR_ATTACKVOLENV = 34; public final static int GENERATOR_HOLDVOLENV = 35; public final static int GENERATOR_DECAYVOLENV = 36; public final static int GENERATOR_SUSTAINVOLENV = 37; public final static int GENERATOR_RELEASEVOLENV = 38; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYNUMTOVOLENVHOLD = 39; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYNUMTOVOLENVDECAY = 40; public final static int GENERATOR_INSTRUMENT = 41; public final static int GENERATOR_RESERVED1 = 42; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYRANGE = 43; public final static int GENERATOR_VELRANGE = 44; public final static int GENERATOR_STARTLOOPADDRSCOARSEOFFSET = 45; public final static int GENERATOR_KEYNUM = 46; public final static int GENERATOR_VELOCITY = 47; public final static int GENERATOR_INITIALATTENUATION = 48; public final static int GENERATOR_RESERVED2 = 49; public final static int GENERATOR_ENDLOOPADDRSCOARSEOFFSET = 50; public final static int GENERATOR_COARSETUNE = 51; public final static int GENERATOR_FINETUNE = 52; public final static int GENERATOR_SAMPLEID = 53; public final static int GENERATOR_SAMPLEMODES = 54; public final static int GENERATOR_RESERVED3 = 55; public final static int GENERATOR_SCALETUNING = 56; public final static int GENERATOR_EXCLUSIVECLASS = 57; public final static int GENERATOR_OVERRIDINGROOTKEY = 58; public final static int GENERATOR_UNUSED5 = 59; public final static int GENERATOR_ENDOPR = 60; protected Map<Integer, Short> generators = new HashMap<Integer, Short>(); protected List<SF2Modulator> modulators = new ArrayList<SF2Modulator>(); public Map<Integer, Short> getGenerators() { return generators; } public boolean contains(int generator) { return generators.containsKey(generator); } static public short getDefaultValue(int generator) { if (generator == 8) return (short)13500; if (generator == 21) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 23) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 25) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 26) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 27) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 28) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 30) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 33) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 34) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 35) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 36) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 38) return (short)-12000; if (generator == 43) return (short)0x7F00; if (generator == 44) return (short)0x7F00; if (generator == 46) return (short)-1; if (generator == 47) return (short)-1; if (generator == 56) return (short)100; if (generator == 58) return (short)-1; return 0; } public short getShort(int generator) { if (!contains(generator)) return getDefaultValue(generator); return generators.get(generator); } public void putShort(int generator, short value) { generators.put(generator, value); } public byte[] getBytes(int generator) { int val = getInteger(generator); byte[] bytes = new byte[2]; bytes[0] = (byte) (0xFF & val); bytes[1] = (byte) ((0xFF00 & val) >> 8); return bytes; } public void putBytes(int generator, byte[] bytes) { generators.put(generator, (short) (bytes[0] + (bytes[1] << 8))); } public int getInteger(int generator) { return 0xFFFF & getShort(generator); } public void putInteger(int generator, int value) { generators.put(generator, (short) value); } public List<SF2Modulator> getModulators() { return modulators; } }	2023-11-09T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8590
Brazil and dust bowl were the quickest to findI couldn't decide whether it was FNA or FNNA!Conquer 4 and Japan took me the longest because they blended in well! (Same could be said for High Seas, but I was looking for something in those panels)	2024-04-14T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8675
public class MethodMember { public static void main(String[] args) { MethodDemo methodDemo = new MethodDemo(); methodDemo.scopeDemo(); // 對data field不會有影響 System.out.println(methodDemo.getData()); methodDemo.setData(100); // 對data field不會有影響 System.out.println(methodDemo.getData()); } } class MethodDemo { private int data = 10; public void scopeDemo() { int data = 100; } public int getData() { return data; } public void setData(int data) { data = data; // 這樣寫是沒用的 // 寫下面這個才有用 // this.data = data; } }	2024-07-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7809
Public Statements Remarks to the U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Thank you, Hector, for that warm introduction. And congratulations to Cristina. I'm pleased to be your guest, and to speak as we begin National Hispanic Heritage Month. I'm also pleased to represent the party of Governor Susana Martinez, Governor Brian Sandoval, Governor Luis Fortuno, Senator Marco Rubio, and the Texas Republican candidate for U.S. Senate, Ted Cruz. These leaders are Republicans for the same reasons as millions of other Hispanics: they see that ours is the party of opportunity, the party that will restore America's prosperity. At our convention, Governor Martinez described an experience you may find familiar. At the beginning of her political career, she was a Democrat. As her star began to rise, she and her husband accepted an invitation from two Republicans for lunch. The words "Democrat" and "Republican" never came up. They talked about issues, not about party -- How do we keep welfare from becoming a barrier to work? How much government is needed before it becomes a burden to families and small business? When the lunch was over, she turned to her husband and said "I'll be darned we're Republicans!" I love hearing stories like that. I am convinced that the Republican Party is the rightful home of Hispanic Americans. But my speech today isn't about my political party. It's about the country we love and the future we want to build. During the course of this campaign, I have traveled across our country. I have seen people who have fallen into poverty, people who are living paycheck to paycheck, people who are tired of being tired. Over 23 million Americans are out of work, underemployed, or have just quit looking for a job. The number of people on food stamps has risen by almost 15 million since President Obama took office. Median household income has fallen four years in a row. Seeing such a poor jobs and income picture, the Federal Reserve has announced that it will once again print more money. The Fed knows this comes with a high cost and risk for the future, but it feels it has no choice: Our leaders in Washington have failed to produce a real recovery. No one is exempt from the pain of this economy, but the Hispanic community has been particularly hard hit. While national unemployment is 8.1 percent, Hispanic unemployment is over 10 percent. Over two million more Hispanics are living in poverty today than the day President Obama took office. In 2008, candidate Obama promised us a world of limitless hope. What we got instead is a world where hope has painful limits -- limits that make it harder to start a business, to grow a business, or to find a job. The administration promised us that its policies would have brought unemployment down to 5.4% by now. They have not. Unemployment is still above 8%. And the difference between the 5.4% they promised and the 8% they delivered is 9 million more Americans not working. 9 million. I expected the President, at his convention, to talk about the unemployed and to unveil a jobs plan. Astonishingly, he did not. I have a plan, and my Plan for a Stronger Middle Class will create 12 million jobs by the end of my first term. And it will raise take home pay. My plan is premised on the conviction that it is freedom that drives our economy--that free people, creating free enterprises, is what creates good jobs with good wages. Government supports the job creators, but it cannot take their place. My plan has five steps: First, we will take full advantage of our oil, gas, coal, nuclear power, and renewables to achieve North American energy independence in 8 years. That will not only give us the affordable, reliable energy we need; it will also create nearly 4 million jobs. And it will help bring manufacturing back to our shores. Second, we must give our fellow citizens the skills they need for the jobs of today -- and give our children the education they need for the careers of tomorrow. Today, too many of our kids are trapped in failing schools. As president, I will fight to ensure that children from every background receive a quality education. I will empower the parents of our low-income and special-needs students to choose where their child goes to school. Third, we will make trade work for America by forging new agreements with nations that play by the rules, while cracking down on nations that do not. We can jumpstart our economy by expanding trade with Latin America -- and our nation's 3 million Hispanic-owned businesses will have the most to gain. President Obama has not initiated a single new trade agreement with Latin America. I will. I will also pursue a comprehensive strategy to confront China's unfair trade practices from Day One. President Obama may think that announcing new trade cases less than two months from Election Day will distract from his record, but the American businesses and workers struggling on an uneven playing field know better. If I'd known all it took to get him to take action was to run an ad citing his inaction on China's cheating, I would have run one long ago. Fourth, we must cut the deficit and put America on track to a balanced budget. I believe that it is immoral for us to continue to spend more than we take in, to pass massive debts on to our children. I'd like to spend some time talking about this issue in particular. As businessmen and women, and as Hispanics, you understand the threat President Obama's spending poses for our future. Many Hispanics have sacrificed greatly to help build our country and our economy, and to leave for their children a brighter future. Today, those sacrifices are being put at risk by a President who cannot stop spending. The President likes to claim he will reduce the deficit by $4 trillion. What he doesn't tell you is that he's including over $1 trillion in spending cuts that have already been enacted, or that he's counting deficit reduction for 12 years. Yes that's right: 5 years after he leaves office, even if he's reelected. Under President Obama, federal spending peaked at 25% of GDP--a level not seen since World War II. I propose to bring federal spending back to its historical levels, about 20% of GDP, and cap it there. I will pursue a 5% cut in non-security discretionary spending on my first day in office. It's time for a president who is committed to cutting spending and balancing our budget. I know how to balance budgets. We balanced our budget in my business, at the Olympics, and every year in my state. I will put the federal government on a track to a balanced budget by eliminating programs that are not absolutely essential and cutting federal subsidies for things like Amtrak, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the Legal Services Corporation, and the National Endowments for the Arts and Humanities. I like some of these things but we just can't afford them. In fact, my test is this--is the program so critical that it is worth borrowing money from China to pay for it? In addition, I will send a number of programs that have been growing uncontrollably fast back to the states where I will limit their funding growth to the rate of inflation, or in the case of Medicaid, to inflation plus one percent. And finally, I will look to sharply increase the productivity of Washington by reducing federal government employment by 10% through attrition, by combining agencies and departments to reduce overhead, by cracking down on the $115 billion a year in improper payments in government programs, and by aligning government compensation with that of the private sector. These things combined will reduce spending by about $500 billion a year by the end of my first term. The President has put us on the road to Greece. I will put us back on the road to a stronger America, one which stops spending more than we take in. Fifth, to get our economy creating the jobs we need, we must champion small businesses. I started a business myself. We began with ten people; today it employs hundreds of people. We invested to help start up other small businesses. Today over 100,000 people work at companies we helped start--companies like Staples, Bright Horizons, The Sports Authority, and Steel Dynamics. Small businesses often grow into large businesses. Two-thirds of American jobs created over the last 15 years were created by small business. I know small business, not because I studied it in school, but because I lived small business. And I know that small businesses are being crushed by President Obama's policies. Too often, government regulators treat businesses like the enemy, and they crush them with an avalanche of regulations. And then there are taxes. I met an electronics entrepreneur in St. Louis. He said that he and his son calculated how much they paid to the government in federal income taxes, payroll taxes, state income taxes, gasoline taxes, sales taxes and real estate taxes. It amounted to over half of what his business earned. Over half! No wonder business start-ups are at a thirty-year low. But the President plans to raise the federal income tax on small business even more, from 35% up to 40%. That will kill 700,000 jobs. A recent study concluded that my plan to reduce the tax rate on small business will instead create 7 million jobs. And let's talk about Obamacare for a moment, and how it is affecting jobs. The Chamber of Commerce surveyed 1,300 of its members. It found that three-quarters of them said they are less likely to hire people because of Obamacare. Yes, I know that we need healthcare reform, but Obamacare is the wrong way to go about it. Obamacare will replace consumer choice with government choice, it will cause health insurance premiums to skyrocket, and it is already depressing job creation. I will repeal and replace Obamacare with reforms that increase choice, slow down the runaway growth of insurance costs, and open the door to more new jobs. I am confident that if we do those five things: take advantage of our energy resources, fix our schools, open more trade, cut the deficit, and champion small business, our economy and our jobs will come roaring back. We can do better than this lackluster economy. My confidence comes from the entrepreneurs I have met across the country. We're in a room full of hardworking entrepreneurs right here. Martha de la Torre is here. In 1988, Martha co-founded El Clasificado, a Spanish-language weekly. Classified ads -- now there's a tough business. But Martha adapted with the times. She became an expert in search engine marketing. And she turned ElClasificado.com into an online powerhouse. We're joined by another successful entrepreneur, Dorene Dominguez. Dorene oversees one of the nation's top construction management firms. She's been collecting so many awards for leadership this year, we're lucky she didn't have a conflict on her calendar today. I believe in entrepreneurs like Martha and Dorene. I believe the credit for their hard work goes to them, not to the government. And I sure don't believe that the government should take more of what they earn away from them. This is at the heart of the difference between President Obama's vision and mine for the American economy: he wants government to tax more and regulate more because he believes government can do a better job than you can. I believe in you. I believe you can do a better job than government. I believe that you, and that your dreams and freedoms, will build a stronger future for all of us, and for our children. This belief in free people and free enterprises is the American heritage. This is why America has outperformed the world. Finally, I want to say a word about immigration. Americans may disagree about how to fix our immigration system, but I think we can all agree that it is broken. For years, Republicans and Democrats seem to have been more interested in playing politics with immigration than with actually fixing it. Candidate Obama said that one of his highest priorities would be to fix immigration in his first year in office. Despite his party having majorities in both houses of Congress, the President never even offered up a bill. Like so many issues confronting our nation, when it comes to immigration, politics has been put ahead of people for too long. I will work with Republicans and Democrats to permanently fix our immigration system. We will never achieve a legal immigration system that is fair and efficient if we do not first get control of our borders. I believe we can all agree that what we need are fair and enforceable immigration laws that will stem the flow of illegal immigration, while strengthening legal immigration. I want to make the system far more simple and transparent -- you shouldn't have to hire lawyers to find out how to legally immigrate to the United States. I will shift our diversity visas to instead bring together immediate family members. I will structure our temporary worker visa program so that it meets the needs of our employers. And if someone gets an advanced degree, I want them to stay here, so I'd staple a green card to their diploma. America is a nation of immigrants, and immigration is essential to our economic growth and prosperity. One million immigrants legally enter America every year--the largest number of any country in the world. I like that. I want to preserve our heritage of robust legal immigration. And I want to make sure that those who abide by the law and wait in line to immigrate here legally are not at a disadvantage. That's why I oppose amnesty, because amnesty will make it harder, not easier to strengthen our legal immigration system. It's also why my administration will establish an employment verification system so that every business can know whether the people it hires are legally eligible for employment. If a business cheats, there will be strict penalties for that business. In the midst of a difficult re-election, President Obama created what he calls a "stopgap measure" for children who were brought here illegally, through no fault of their own. Instead of playing immigration politics with these children, I will pursue permanent immigration reform, and I will start by ensuring that those who serve in our military have the opportunity to become legal permanent residents of the country they fought to defend. Those who have risked their lives in defense of America have earned the right to make their life in America. I've spoken often about how proud I am of my father. He was born to American parents living in Mexico. When he was five, they left everything behind, and started over in the United States. My dad grew up poor. But he believed in a country where the circumstances of one's birth were not a barrier to achievement -- a place where hard work could turn dreams into realities. He went from selling paint out of the trunk of his car to becoming the leader of a great car company and the governor of a great state. My wife Ann's father was a first generation immigrant. He ended up founding a successful manufacturing company that made components and equipment for ships in the United States Navy. Many of you in this room have similar stories. That is the American story. It is a story that is told over and over again. It is the story of the American Dream. The American Dream is not gone; it has just been put a little further from reach. I know what it takes to bring it back, to have it inspire our children just as it inspired our fathers and mothers. They sacrificed so much, so that we might have it as part of our lives. Now it is our turn, our responsibility to restore the opportunity and prosperity and dreams that have invigorated this nation from its beginning. It's a responsibility we must fulfill.	2024-03-17T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1770
Q: PixiJS: Add hole into graphics object I'm using PixiJS library. I want to create holes in graphics object. To do that I have search and tried loads of way but could not come up with any solution. Initially I was thinking this library would have support for non zero winding rule so I can accomplish my goal easily but it does not support winding rule so I fail on that attempt. Meanwhile I found some strange behavior with drawing. I have posted a bug at github. I don't know whether is it related to adding hole but mentioned here because one who interested to help me out it might be helpful to investigate this case better way. Other solution that I have come up with is that I can do it using something called opposite of Masking. I have tried this one also but don't know how to do it with graphics objects and also worry about that would it work for complex objects with thousands of cut. Below is the simple test that I'm trying to reproduce. There is three rectangles on top of each other and top most (red rectangle) has two holes. For simple test round hole is taken but that could be in any shape. I'm stuck at this stage and invested loads of time but still have no result. Any help would be really appreciable. A: As of Pixi.js v3, you can now use any sprite as a mask for another sprite, so you can create an alpha transparent png with a white rectangle and black circles and use that to create the 'holes' in your other sprite. A: Pixi v3.0.3 Currently there is no direct native function available to add holes inside graphics object. Indeed it can be done using mask but I have made a handy implementation for that using earcut so no more masking and sprite to create holes. Checkout full thread here.	2023-12-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7853
Just a few years after the closure of an abortion facility in Toledo, Ohio, comes the good news that the site is to become a memorial known as The Hope Park Memorial to the Unborn. Center for Choice, an abortion facility in Toledo, Ohio, operated from 1983 to 2013. The facility not only participated in the deaths of 50,000 unborn children, but was also found breaking state abortion safety laws, so its closure was good news for both women and children. The facility closed after failing to secure a required transfer agreement with a local hospital in case of a medical emergency. The lawbreaking had been going on for some time, as the facility had not had such an agreement since 2010. Additionally, state health inspectors found dirty equipment, leading to a recommended closure and $25,000 fine. When the facility closed in 2013, Ohio Right to Life President Mike Gonidakis said that it was “yet another case of the abortion industry disregarding women’s health and well-being. Center for Choice lied to the Department of Health in order to cover-up the fact that they were breaking Ohio law,” he said. “The abortion industry strives to paint a rosy picture of women’s healthcare, but the reality is that the abortion industry acts with callous disregard for women and of course their unborn babies.” The memorial’s mission reads: To build a memorial park as a beautiful tribute to acknowledge that over 50,000 lives were lost to the choice of abortion. It is through the rebuilding of this site which was once known for death of life, can now be recognized as a place that values life, that lives to mothers and fathers of these unborn babies can be healed, restored, and given peace. More importantly, Hope Park, will be a place that affirms the value, dignity, and beauty of every human life as precious and valuable. The videos below provide more detail about the site’s journey from abortion facility to memorial for preborn children: [vimeo 174395487 w=640 h=360] View an animation of what the park will look like: [vimeo 158955865 w=640 h=360] Hope Park, established in 2014, is comprised of partners including Catholic Charities Diocese of Toledo, Bowling Green Pregnancy Center, Foundation for Life, The Pregnancy Center, Heartbeat of Toledo, and Greater Toledo House of Prayer.	2024-03-22T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7405
Father filed FIR against 33-year-old after finding out that he had withdrawn over Rs 4 lakh from the former’s bank account A 33-year-old man was arrested on Saturday, a day after his father filed a police complaint against him for stealing money. On March 17, 59-year-old Rambhau Rawade registered an FIR against his son Sunil for stealing money from him by forging his signature on a cheque and withdrawing over Rs 4 lakh from his account. The Sahakar Nagar police arrested Sunil from his house on Saturday and investigations revealed that he needed the cash to indulge his alcohol and gambling addictions. It all began on Friday when Rambhau went to the Dhankawadi branch of Bank of Maharashtra to withdraw some money and realised that multiple transactions had been done on his account, of which he had no idea. “I went to withdraw Rs 5,000 from my account. When I asked the cashier for my balance, the amount she told me was far less than what I had expected. I then took a printed statement and saw the innumerable transactions that had been made,” he told Mirror. Stunned, Rambhau spoke to the branch manager and they decided to try and nab whoever was behind the transactions. The manager promised to call Rambhau to the branch the minute someone came to withdraw money from his account. On the same day, around 12.30 pm, Sunil went to the bank to make another withdrawal. Rambhau was immediately informed and on reaching the bank, he saw, to his shock, that it was his own son who was stealing from him. “This is not the first time that Sunil has stolen from me. It is extremely disappointing that he behaves like this. He has two children of his own. And, instead of taking care of them and his wife and being responsible, he only adds to our troubles,” Rambhau added. Rambhau had been running a welding shop in Dhankawadi for the past 20 years. He hails from a village near Panshet and is primarily a farmer. He shut the shop a few months ago due to ill health. His elder son who works in a bank and the youngest one, a driver, now take care of the family. “This wasn’t the first time, but it was the last straw. That’s why I decided to file a complaint. I have worked hard for the money and it is a lifetime of savings. Rs 4,76,800 is a huge amount for me to ignore,” Rambhau said. When the cops questioned Sunil, he said he needed the money to buy lottery tickets. Police sub-inspector Vivek Padvi of Sahakar Nagar police station, who is investigating the case, said, “The accused withdrew amounts between Rs 10,000 and Rs 20,000 from December 15, 2016, right till March 16. We have booked Sunil under sections 379 for theft, 420 for fraud, 465 for forgery, 468 for cheating, 471for using as genuine a forged document and 423 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). He will remain in police custody for the next two days during which we hope to get more details as to what he did with the money.” Recent Messages () Please rate before posting your Review OR PROCEED WITHOUT REGISTRATION Share on Twitter SIGN IN WITH Refrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred against any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines by marking them offensive. Let's work together to keep the conversation civil.	2024-02-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9322
Tavon Davis, 24, and Bruce Byrd, 26, were indicted on several charges, including murder for hire, murder, conspiracy to commit bank fraud and weapons violations. Isaiah Callaway, 19, was killed in Baltimore on April 11, a few days after his attorney called Davis and let him know that officials wanted to interview Callaway about a fraud scheme Davis was involved in, according to the indictment. "When we follow the rules and disclose to private lawyers that someone may be cooperating with law enforcement, we rely on them as officers of the court to keep the information from getting into the wrong hands," said U.S. Attorney Rod J. Rosenstein. "This is the second recent case in which an inappropriate disclosure by a private attorney allegedly led to the murder of a federal witness." The indictment said that from May 2009 to November, Davis, Byrd, Callaway and a few others stole more than $513,000 in money orders and checks from rent deposit boxes at apartment complexes and deposited the money into fraudulent business accounts. The men then withdrew the money from ATMs before the banks discovered the fraud. Federal officials said Callaway recruited and paid people to open the fraudulent accounts, as well as gave them documentation to show the banks. On Dec. 29, 2010, Callaway was caught in the act and charged with counterfeiting and theft by Baltimore County police, and he confessed to his role in the larger scheme, officials said. The indictment said Davis referred Callaway to a lawyer to fight the charges, and the lawyer eventually told Davis that Callaway was to be interviewed about the bank fraud scheme to identify those who were participating in it. The indictment said Davis and Byrd planned Callaway's slaying for months. Davis called Callaway to the 1700 block of Crystal Avenue for a meeting, where Byrd shot him with a gun in the driver's seat of a parked car. The indictment said Davis paid Byrd $2,000 for the killing. Both men are currently in custody and could get life in prison if convicted. In an unrelated case, Antonio Hall was sentenced to life in prison in November for a similar crime. Hall was convicted of murdering Kareem Guest after he had learned from an attorney that Guest was cooperating with the FBI regarding a case that would have implicated him in the crime. A Justice Department civil rights investigation has concluded that the Ferguson Police Department and the city's municipal court engaged in a "pattern and practice" of discrimination against African-Americans, targeting them disproportionately for tr...	2023-10-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8021
Q: Generate list of regex expressions to replace list of words in a dataframe python I'm trying add new column headers to a dataframe which may conflict with existing dataframe headers. I would like to use df.replace(to_replace, replacements, regex=True) to replace any whole words that match existing df columns with a word from the replacements list. As an example: If current df.columns = ['Test 1', 'Test 2'] I would like to replace all strings of 'Test 1' in the df with 'Test 1_Test 1' If I use: df.replace(r'\bTest 1\b', 'Test 1_Test1', regex=True) I can replace just the instances of 'Test 1', however I would like to generalize this to be able to replace all instances of the column headers with a different word. My understanding of the root cause is I am not generating a list of regex expressions correctly and would like to know how. Currently I am using: replace_list = list( r'\b' + pd.Series(list(df.columns)) + '\b') However this does not work. Any and all help appreciated. A: Since the variable you pass to the regex pattern seems to look like word1\|word2\|more_here, you may use r'(?:\b\|(?<=_))(?:' + pd.Series(list(df.columns)) + r')(?=\b\|_)' This pattern will match one of the alternatives in between word boundaries or underscores. The reason for the alternations inside the lookbehind and lookahead is that a word boundary by itself requires a non word char on either side of the search word, and that means underscores, being word characters, would fail the match.	2023-09-08T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9386
Sacha Baron Cohen used an analogy involving a restaurant owner and neo-Nazis to tear into Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s claim that the social media platform champions freedom of expression. The British actor and comedian posted a scathing thread on Twitter in which he dubbed Zuckerberg’s speech at Georgetown University on Thursday “disingenuous” and reminded the billionaire that “he is not the government, but the owner of a private business and not subject to the 1st Amendment!” Just heard #MarkZuckerberg’s disingenuous speech. He is not the government, but the owner of a private business and not subject to the 1st Amendment! — Sacha Baron Cohen (@SachaBaronCohen) October 17, 2019 “If he owned a fancy restaurant and 4 neo-Nazis came goose-stepping into the dining room and were talking loudly about wanting to kill ‘Jewish scum,’ would he serve them an elegant eight-course meal? Or would tell them to get the fk out of his restaurant? It’s the same thing,” added the “Borat” star. If he owned a fancy restaurant and 4 neo-Nazis came goose-stepping into the dining room and were talking loudly about wanting to kill “Jewish scum”, would he serve them an elegant eight course meal? Or would tell them to get the fk out of his restaurant? It’s the same thing. — Sacha Baron Cohen (@SachaBaronCohen) October 17, 2019 “He has every legal right, indeed a moral duty, to tell them to get the fk out of his restaurant,” concluded Cohen, who last year pranked numerous political figures with his satirical Showtime series “Who Is America?” and most recently portrayed real-life Mossad agent Eli Cohen in Netflix’s thriller “The Spy.” Story continues He has every legal right, indeed a moral duty, to tell them to get the fk out of his restaurant. — Sacha Baron Cohen (@SachaBaronCohen) October 17, 2019 Zuckerberg’s address also drew criticism from Bernice King, the daughter of the late civil rights icon Martin Luther King Jr. Zuckerberg in his speech alluded to the role of freedom of expression in the civil rights movement. “I’d like to help Facebook better understand the challenges #MLK faced from disinformation campaigns launched by politicians,” King replied, a reference to Facebook’s refusal to block ads featuring false statements from politicians. “These campaigns created an atmosphere for his assassination,” she added. Love HuffPost? Become a founding member of HuffPost Plus today. I heard #MarkZuckerberg's ‘free expression’ speech, in which he referenced my father. I'd like to help Facebook better understand the challenges #MLK faced from disinformation campaigns launched by politicians. These campaigns created an atmosphere for his assassination. pic.twitter.com/h97gvVmtSZ — Be A King (@BerniceKing) October 17, 2019 Related... Ted Cruz's Facebook Live Broadcast Goes Hilariously Awry Jim Carrey Shreds Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg With Explicit 2-Word Message In Binary Elizabeth Warren Takes Facebook's Ad Policy, Fires It Back At Zuckerberg And Trump Also on HuffPost This article originally appeared on HuffPost.	2024-06-27T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5365
module_version: 1.0 var: - name: paths default: # This is an example location of where a user can # set the nats server to log. By default nats # logs only in stderr. In order to set a nats server # to log in specific file use -l flag, for instance: # ./gnatsd -DV -l /var/log/nats/nats.log # See more on https://nats.io/documentation/server/gnatsd-logging/ - /var/log/nats/nats.log* ingest_pipeline: ingest/pipeline.yml input: config/log.yml	2023-12-11T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1160
CD Projekt RED - Quo Vadis Berlin 2014 Panel CD Projekt RED gave a speech at Quo Vadis Berlin 2014 about why it makes sense to be independent. A lucky attendee managed to film it, and got permission to post it. loading… Biz Development Talk about: "Why it makes sense to be independent" Michal Nowakowski (CD PROJEKT S.A.) Marcin Iwinski (CD Projekt Group) This video is meant to give everyone who could not visit Quo Vadis 2014 a chance to watch this great presentation.I have permission of CD Projekt RED and Quo Vadis to publish this video on YouTube. Big thanks for that! That was an EXTREMELY interesting presentation, especially their honest going over the publisher/contract trouble. I wish it received more attention, because this stuff usually stays out of public forever. Originally Posted by ChaosTheory I had no idea publishers were so… slimy. I get that they want money, but resorting to bait-and-switch tactics? They sound a lot like used car salesmen. I remember Obsidian saying during the Pillars of Eternity KS when a publisher aproached them with a game idea, but instead of funding the game like normally publishers do, they wanted Obsidian not only to fund the title themselves (through KS) but surrender all rights and profits to the publisher (aka "they want the game but nor pay a single cent for that") and apparently they were confused when Obsidian says no… Originally Posted by gandalf.nho I remember Obsidian saying during the Pillars of Eternity KS when a publisher aproached them with a game idea, but instead of funding the game like normally publishers do, they wanted Obsidian not only to fund the title themselves (through KS) but surrender all rights and profits to the publisher (aka "they want the game but nor pay a single cent for that") and apparently they were confused when Obsidian says no… Yeah I remember that. There's always two sides to every story, but… I'd sure like to hear the publisher's perspective on some of this stuff. Originally Posted by ChaosTheory Yeah I remember that. There's always two sides to every story, but… I'd sure like to hear the publisher's perspective on some of this stuff. They where probably offering to pay for the final game and IP…if it succeeded. In my industry (I make softwares not games) a lots of company we have as clients works like this: - make a contract to produce software X in a certain number of time - despite asking for more features after contract is signed refuse push backs or to increase payment - penalize contractors if they do not deliver by the deadline(s) Basically, the idea is to make sure your contractor assume all the risks and most of the cost while you walk away with a product. It's real bad for quality, but they don't seem to care one bit about that part. It also mostly affect smaller companies that do contract works, they know you are starving for contracts.	2024-03-23T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8019
Q: Play! Framework - Como carregar os arquivos públicos (js, css, img) uma única vez? Olá, Comecei a utilizar o Play! Framework a pouco tempo com AngularJS, e estou tendo problemas pra utilizar services do AngularJS, pois seto uma variável em uma página e quando vou consultar essa variável em outra página o valor é null. Percebi que a aplicação carrega os arquivos estaticamente toda vez que eu acesso uma página. Como eu faço pra carregar esses arquivos uma única vez na aplicação, pra depois não ter que baixá-los de novo (a cada página acessada) e perder os valores das minhas variáveis js? A: Angular é um framework para SPAs (Single Page Applications). É fácil preservar dados entre mudanças de escopo - entretanto se você está recarregando a sua aplicação é necessário que você armazene-os entre cargas. Preserve seus dados em localStorage, e recupere-os a cada vez que sua aplicação for inicializada. Seguem algumas libraries que você pode utilizar para este fim: https://github.com/grevory/angular-local-storage https://github.com/gsklee/ngStorage	2023-08-24T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7533
Register Now In order to be able to post messages on the SailNet Community forums, you must first register. Please enter your desired user name, your email address and other required details in the form below.Please note: After entering 3 characters a list of Usernames already in use will appear and the list will disappear once a valid Username is entered. User Name: Password Please enter a password for your user account. Note that passwords are case-sensitive. Password: Confirm Password: Email Address Please enter a valid email address for yourself. Email Address: OR Log-in User Name Password Remember Me? Human Verification In order to verify that you are a human and not a spam bot, please enter the answer into the following box below based on the instructions contained in the graphic. Additional Options Miscellaneous Options Automatically parse links in text Automatically embed media (requires automatic parsing of links in text to be on). Automatically retrieve titles from external links Click here to view the posting rules you are bound to when clicking the'Submit Reply' button below Topic Review (Newest First) 12-27-2006 04:49 PM pbonta Leatherman Wave on a belt pouch; great multi-tool with the 2 blades (serrated and straight) on the outside of the tool, enabling one handed opening. The serrated blade has grooves on the back of the blade so you can tell which blade is which by feel alone. A McHenry & Williams Benchmade 710 folding knife is clipped to my pants pocket. The sharpest knife I've ever owned, it generally stays put unless I need it in an emergency. 12-27-2006 07:08 AM wind_magic This is my favorite knife, the Gerber Fast-Draw. I have carried a lot of other knives but this is the one I have liked the most out of all of them. It is the fastest opening knife I have had, about as close to a switchblade as you can get without actually being one, and it has a good blade with serrated edge on the back half of the blade for when you really just need to saw something. I also like the large "button" on the blade of the knife that is easy to find with your thumb, it makes reaching into your pocket and ending up with an open knife in your hand a single fluid motion. Highly recommend it, got mine at Walmart. Sailing the north coast of the Dominican Republic and the Mona Passage we hooked a set of lines connected to mooring balls. This was a couple miles off shore. I quickly hung out over the stern and got the line with the help of another hand. I was hooked in with jack line and one hand clinched to a lifeline. I was able to cut the line free releasing the line of mooring balls dragging. The important thing here... A good sailing knife from sailnet, $75. Being able to cut a line free in 8 foot seas PRICELESS. 12-24-2006 01:45 PM avant two for me on my inflatable pfd/harness I have a leatherman wave on the left and a spiderco rescue on the right (I am right handed). i think that a simple knife like the spiderco is easiest to use -- and appreciate the tools in the wave when confronted with shackles, screws, bolts, etc. i also strap a wenoka titanium dive knife (http://mec.ca/Products/product_detail.jsp;jsessionid=FjTLwT2jxwCh6vPv1C8s Jk9SWXwZcyGhMt54BJ3VG9hGYt5RlppL!1155804613?PRODUC T%3C%3Eprd_id=845524442542697&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=2534374302539669&bmUID=1164168715652) to the rigid vang and another to the steering pedestal. 12-19-2006 03:23 PM Newport41 Morganmike. Just a quick question. Do you own any swords by chance? and if so, do they work? Just kidding, I wouldnt want to upset someone with so many weapons 12-19-2006 03:20 PM Newport41 I found (literally) a SOG Seal Pup. I always buy the chepest knife I can find but now that I have an expensive knife ($120 I think) I would get another if I lost it. It's a fixed blade. Any folder is weak no matter how strong they claim to be. A survival expert once told me you should be able to stick a knife is a tree and stand on it. I though he was kidding. I am VERY hard on things like knives and this one takes it. It holds an edge for months. I oil it every once is a while and rinse it after saltwater and it never rusts. I use it sailing, at work (forest firefighter), camping, diving, everywhere. I use it as a hammer, a pry bar, a steak knife. I never thought of myself as a knife guy but this thing is freakin' sweet. I think West Marine sells them. In rough weather Spinnaker flying or any other sailing where I'm worried about people getting caught up in things I wear it on my lifejacket where I can reach it with both hands. Please don;t ever where anything let alone a knife around your neck. It seems obvious but I've seen a guy being dragged beside his boat turning blue and he can't cut himself loose cuase it's his knife lanyard that's got him fouled up. 12-19-2006 01:44 PM sailingdog I got mine via their website... Several chandleries, like Fawcetts are now carrying them as well. 12-19-2006 02:29 AM sailaway21 Dog, where'd you get the Boye? 12-16-2006 06:03 PM sailaway21 The cutlery shoppe web site was very interesting. I was particularly attracted to the Falkinen Damascus steel but disappointed that it only came in the shorter bladed Idun. I was obviously oblivious to cost. I'll bet you could get a real edge on that one. This is my carry knife, so yes, it's my boat knife, along with my every other kind of thing knife. You only need one knife, not dozens scattered all over the boat in various potential use spots, and it should be in your pocket at all times, sharp and ready to hand. Yes, I love it. I wouldn't carry something I didn't love. Knives are like boats that way. Yes, it's a folder. Straight knives are illegal to carry most places. At first I didn't like the liner lock, but now I really appreaciate it: it's easy to close the knife with one hand and the liner lock provides the strongest and most robust locking design I have yet seen on a folding knife (and I own a lot of folders.) The 3" blade is shorter than I have carried for most of my life. I've always been a 4" blade man, buying the large size of any folding line (typically folders come from a given manufacturer in 1.5", 3" and 4.5" standard blade lengths.) But a 4" blade really scares the **** out of people, even when you just whip it out to cut your bagel. 3" seems less dangerous, but don't think I couldn't dice someone up if I had to - the Nomad's blade is fat and wide, with a drop point and a curved cutting edge. The VG-10 is easy to sharpen and holds an edge through quite a bit of cutting. It will cut 5/8" nylon three-strand more than a dozen times before needing to touch the edge, and it takes a new edge in three or four strokes on a smooth carborundum. Once I strop it on my jeans, it will take hair off my arm. The G-10 scales provide a comfortable, secure grip, and the handle is shaped to fit my hand. About blunt tipped knives, let me just say this: the tradition for blunt tipped knives on ships did not arise from a excess of concern for the user's safety. Rather, before setting off on a long voyage, the crew was required to give their knives over for blunting in order to prevent them from stabbing each other to death once the confines of the ship and the company of fellow crew became untenable. Blunt tips are inconvenient when you find yourself in need of a point and with modern knives, if you blunt them yourself you stand a good chance of ruining their temper. Buy a blunt tip knife if it makes you feel nautical, but I think they're like topside brightwork: a nice-looking but useless relic of a bygone era. (And don't talk to me about stabbing yourself. If you can't avoid stabbing yourself with your own knife, even on a pitching deck, then you shouldn't be operating the tool.) The Nomad came with a clip, as is the fashion these days, but I removed it - there's nothing I hate more than advertising my knife, and I can spot a clip knife in someone's pocket from across the room. And no, it won't save you from a concealed weapons charge - because just about everywhere (in the US at least, I know it's different elsewhere, as in the UK) it's legal to carry a folding knife with a blade under 4" in your pocket. I simply drop the knife in my right front pocket where it's easy to get to - but I admit it was a long search before I found a knife that was thin enough and light enough to ride unobtrusively in my pocket and yet still be beefy enough for heavy use. I would never carry a knife/spike combo. The spikes that come with knives are just not robust enough for serious work. If you want a marlinspike, buy a marlinspike. I have two spikes, and when I was in the Navy and needed one regularly, I carried it in a leather sheath on my belt. These days it lives in my toolbox and only comes out when I need to splice. I use my Leatherman for opening shackles (which, like everyone else, I wear in a nylon sheath on my belt.) Quote: If you had your choice, what features would you have on a knife that you feel are essential and what would you consider optional? Hah! By definition, the only essential option on a knife is a blade. Everything else is frou frou. Yes, I own several Swiss Army knives. Yes, I own several multi-tools. Yes, I use them, and yes, they have blades on them. But on my knife, the tool that I won't change rooms without let alone leave the house without, the only thing I want or need is a good blade. I bought it online at the Cutlery Shoppe, which has great prices. The MSRP is $209, I paid $110 plus shipping (he's up to $131 now, though). Yes, good knives are expensive. Don't hand me anything that cost you thirty dollars and expect me to be impressed and yes, I am slandering your Gerbers and your Bucks. The hinge and bolsters are solid, no worries. So is the thumb stud. As you can probably tell, I am pretty opinionated when it comes to knives. That's what you get from being a third-generation knife fanatic. I have always carried something and after long consideration and evaluation, I am of the opinion that Al Mar makes some of the finest civilian carry folders available on the market today. They are innovative in their alloy selection and blade shapes, and they produce absolutely beautiful knives. Check out the Falcon and Eagle blades - they're nearly perfect and both my dad and I have carried them for years. I switched to the Nomad because I like to use my knife a lot, not just carry it for self defense and opening mail. The anodized finish on the Nomad really protects the blade from scratching with heavy cutting (though you can gouge it on the stone if you're not careful), and I have seen no sign of corrosion after 2 years in a salt air environment. One unexpected thing about the finish is that with use over time the it's starting to show wear near the edge, particularly near the point. It gives the blade a well used, comfortable look that I find attractive - kind of like the uneven surface finish aging you get from a carbon steel blade - the kind that we've all but lost appreciation for in our quest for shiny stainless steel knives. My advice for buying a knife is the same as for buying a boat: buy something you like. But buy a knife, not a wanna-be tool box.	2024-02-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2952
using System; using System.Net; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Controls.Primitives; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Markup; using System.Windows.Media; using Mono.Moonlight.UnitTesting; using System.Windows.Shapes; using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting; using Microsoft.Silverlight.Testing; namespace MoonTest.System.Windows.Shapes { [TestClass] public partial class PathTest : SilverlightTest { [TestMethod] public void MeasureRectangleTest1 () { Path p = new Path (); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 20, 20); p.Data = r; p.Measure (new Size (50, 50)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0, 0), p.DesiredSize); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug ("This looks like a measure invalidation bug in Silverlights System.Windows.Path")] public void MeasureRectangleBorderTest1 () { // See 1_1 1_2 for demonstation of this as a measure invalidation bug. Border b = new Border (); Path p = new Path (); p.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Black); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 20, 20); p.Data = r; b.Child = p; b.Measure (new Size (50, 50)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 50, 50)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.RenderSize, "b RenderSize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), p.DesiredSize, "p DesiredSize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), p.RenderSize, "p RenderSize"); } [TestMethod] public void MeasureRectangleBorderTest1_1 () { // This is the same as the above test but has Border b = new Border (); Path p = new Path (); b.Child = p; p.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Black); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 20, 20); p.Data = r; b.Measure (new Size (50, 50)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 50, 50)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (30,30), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (30,30), p.DesiredSize, "p desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.RenderSize, "b RenderSize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), p.RenderSize, "p RenderSize"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeActualWidth () { var c = new Path (); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); c.MaxWidth = 25; c.Width = 50; c.MinHeight = 33; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot1"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (0,0,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); } [TestMethod] [Asynchronous] [MoonlightBug] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrisicCanvas_InTree () { var panel = new Canvas (); var c = new Path (); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; panel.Children.Add (c); CreateAsyncTest (panel, () => { Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); }); } [TestMethod] [Asynchronous] [MoonlightBug] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrisicGrid_InTree () { var panel = new Grid (); var c = new Path (); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; panel.Children.Add (c); CreateAsyncTest (panel, () => { Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (649,580), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (649,580), c.RenderSize, "c render"); }); } [TestMethod] [Asynchronous] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrisicGridCanvas_InTree () { var parentPanel = new Canvas (); var panel = new Grid (); var c = new Path (); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; panel.Children.Add (c); parentPanel.Children.Add (panel); CreateAsyncTest (parentPanel, () => { Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.RenderSize, "c render"); }); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrinsic () { var c = new Path (); //Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); //Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); c.Arrange (new Rect (0,0,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrinsicCanvas () { Canvas canvas = new Canvas (); var c = new Path (); //Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); //Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; canvas.Children.Add (c); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); canvas.Measure (new Size (Double.PositiveInfinity, Double.PositiveInfinity)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); canvas.Arrange (new Rect (0,0,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); c.Arrange (new Rect (0,0,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.RenderSize, "c render"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeActualSizeIntrinsicBorder_Margin () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; c.Margin = new Thickness (2,4,5,6); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (32,43), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render"); c.Arrange (new Rect (0,0,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,32,43), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (32,43), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.RenderSize, "c render"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeRestrainedSizeIntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (10, 10)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,10), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,10), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.RenderSize, "c render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (10,10,10,10), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeReducedSizeIntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (10, 10)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,10), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,10), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,33), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (10,10,10,10), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeLargerSize_StretchFill_IntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.Fill; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,100), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,100), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,100), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,100), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (8,6,100,100), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeLargerSize_StretchUniform_IntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (8,6,100,92), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] public void BorderComputeLargerSize_StretchUniform_IntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); b.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); b.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,b.DesiredSize.Width,b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (100,92), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,100,92), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug ("Layout rounding regression")] public void BorderComputeLargerSize_StretchUniform_SizedIntrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; b.Width = 75; b.Height = 50; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); b.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (54,50), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); b.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,b.DesiredSize.Width,b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (54,50), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.IsTrue (c.ActualWidth < 54.4 && c.ActualWidth > 54.3, "c.ActualWidth == " + c.ActualWidth.ToString ()); Assert.AreEqual (50, c.ActualHeight, "c actual.height"); Assert.IsTrue (c.RenderSize.Width < 54.4 && c.RenderSize.Width > 54.3, "c.RenderSize.Width = " + c.RenderSize.Width.ToString ()); Assert.AreEqual (50, c.RenderSize.Height, "c render.height"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,75,50), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); } [TestMethod] public void BorderComputeLargerSize_StretchUniformToFill_IntrinsicBorderSized () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.UniformToFill; b.Width = 75; b.Height = 66; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); b.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,66), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); b.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,b.DesiredSize.Width,b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,66), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,69), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,69), c.RenderSize, "c render3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,75,66), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug] public void BorderComputeLargerSize_StretchUniformToFill_AlignCenter_IntrinsicBorderSized () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Stretch = Stretch.UniformToFill; b.Width = 75; c.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); b.Measure (new Size (100, 100)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,100), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); b.Arrange (new Rect (8,6,b.DesiredSize.Width,b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (75,100), c.DesiredSize, "c desired3"); Assert.AreEqual (109, c.ActualWidth, "c.ActualWidth"); Assert.IsTrue (c.RenderSize.Height < 100.3 && c.RenderSize.Height > 100.2, "c.renderSize.Height = "+ c.RenderSize.Height.ToString ()); Assert.IsTrue (c.ActualHeight < 100.3 && c.ActualHeight > 100.2, "c.ActualHeight = "+ c.ActualHeight.ToString ()); Assert.AreEqual (109, c.RenderSize.Width, "c.RenderSize.Width"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,75,100), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot3"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug] public void ComputeReducedSize_StretchUniform_InstrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; b.Width = 10; b.Height = 10; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); Assert.IsTrue (c.UseLayoutRounding, "rounding?"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (10, 10)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,9), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,9), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (c.RenderSize, new Size (c.ActualWidth, c.ActualHeight), " render == actual"); Assert.IsTrue (c.ActualWidth < 9.8 && c.ActualWidth > 9.7, "c.ActualWidth == " + c.ActualWidth.ToString ()); Assert.AreEqual (9, c.ActualHeight, "c actual.height"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (10,10,10,9), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); } [TestMethod] [Asynchronous] [MoonlightBug ("Layout rounding regression")] public void ComputeReducedSize_StretchUniform_InstrinsicBorder_InTree () { Border b = new Border (); b.UseLayoutRounding = true; var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; b.Width = 10; b.Height = 10; Assert.IsTrue (c.UseLayoutRounding, "use rounding"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (10, 10)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,9), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); CreateAsyncTest (b, () => { Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,10,10), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (10,9), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (c.RenderSize, new Size (c.ActualWidth, c.ActualHeight), "render == actual"); Assert.AreEqual (10, c.ActualWidth, "c.ActualWidth == " + c.ActualWidth.ToString ()); Assert.IsTrue (c.ActualHeight > 9 && c.ActualHeight < 9.2, "c actual.height == " + c.ActualHeight.ToString ()); }); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeSizeInfinite_StretchFill_InstrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; c.Stretch = Stretch.Fill; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (Double.PositiveInfinity, Double.PositiveInfinity)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.RenderSize, "c render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (10,10,25,23), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); } [TestMethod] public void ComputeSizeInfinite_StretchUniform_InstrinsicBorder () { Border b = new Border (); var c = new Path (); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual0"); var data = new RectangleGeometry (); data.Rect = new Rect (0,10,25,23); c.Data = data; c.Stretch = Stretch.Uniform; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.DesiredSize, "c desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot"); c.Measure (new Size (Double.PositiveInfinity, Double.PositiveInfinity)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.DesiredSize, "c desired2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), c.RenderSize, "c render2"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (0,0,0,0), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); c.Arrange (new Rect (10,10,c.DesiredSize.Width,c.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.DesiredSize, "c desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), new Size (c.ActualWidth,c.ActualHeight), "c actual3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,23), c.RenderSize, "c render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Rect (10,10,25,23), LayoutInformation.GetLayoutSlot (c), "c slot2"); } [TestMethod] public void MeasureRectangleBorderTest1_2 () { // See test 1_1 and 1 for more information Border b = new Border (); Path p = new Path (); p.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Black); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 20, 20); p.Data = r; b.Child = p; p.InvalidateMeasure (); b.Measure (new Size (50, 50)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 50, 50)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (30,30), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (30,30), p.DesiredSize, "p DesiredSize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.RenderSize, "b RenderSize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), p.RenderSize, "p RenderSize"); } [TestMethod] public void MeasureRectangleBorderTest2 () { Border b = new Border (); Path p = new Path (); p.Width = 20; p.Height = 20; p.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Black); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 20, 20); p.Data = r; b.Child = p; b.Measure (new Size (50, 50)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20, 20), b.DesiredSize, "b desiredsize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20, 20), p.DesiredSize, "p desiredsize"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchFill_Test1 () { Border b = new Border (); Canvas c = (Canvas)XamlReader.Load (@" <Canvas xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml""> <Border Width=""50"" Height=""50""> <Path x:Name=""foo"" Stretch=""Fill"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Red""/> </Border> </Canvas>"); Path foo = (Path)c.FindName ("foo"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired-2"); b.Child = c; Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired-1"); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.RenderSize, "foo render0"); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo.RenderSize, "foo render1 " + (foo.RenderSize.Width - 50.0) + " " + (foo.RenderSize.Height - 50.0)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight), "foo actual0"); Border foo_parent = (Border)VisualTreeHelper.GetParent (foo); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.DesiredSize, "foo_parent desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.RenderSize, "foo_parent render1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight), "foo_parent actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchFill_Test2 () { Border b = new Border (); Canvas c = (Canvas)XamlReader.Load (@" <Canvas xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml""> <Path x:Name=""bar"" Width=""50"" Height=""50"" Stretch=""Fill"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Blue""/> </Canvas>"); b.Child = c; Path bar = (Path)c.FindName ("bar"); b.InvalidateMeasure (); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), bar.DesiredSize, "bar desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), bar.RenderSize, "bar render0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (bar.ActualWidth, bar.ActualHeight), "bar actual1"); b.Arrange (new Rect (10, 10, 300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), bar.DesiredSize, "bar desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), bar.RenderSize, "bar render1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (bar.ActualWidth, bar.ActualHeight), "bar actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchFill_Test3 () { Border b = new Border (); Canvas c = (Canvas)XamlReader.Load (@" <Canvas xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml""> <Border Width=""50"" Height=""50""> <Path Width=""25"" Height=""25"" x:Name=""foo"" Stretch=""Fill"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Red""/> </Border> </Canvas>"); b.Child = c; Path foo = (Path)c.FindName ("foo"); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.RenderSize, "foo render0"); b.Arrange (new Rect (10, 10, 300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.RenderSize, "foo render1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo.Actual ({0},{1})", foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), new Size (foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight), "foo actual0"); Border foo_parent = (Border)VisualTreeHelper.GetParent (foo); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.DesiredSize, "foo_parent desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.RenderSize, "foo_parent render1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo_parent.Actual ({0},{1})", foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight), "foo_parent actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void MeasureStretchTest4 () { Border b = (Border)XamlReader.Load (@" <Border xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"" Width=""50"" Height=""50""> <Path Width=""25"" Height=""25"" x:Name=""foo"" Stretch=""Fill"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Red""/> </Border>"); Path foo = (Path)b.FindName ("foo"); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.RenderSize, "foo render0"); b.Arrange (new Rect (10, 10, 300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo.Actual ({0},{1})", foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), new Size (foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight), "foo actual0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.RenderSize, "foo render1"); Border foo_parent = (Border)VisualTreeHelper.GetParent (foo); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.DesiredSize, "foo_parent desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.RenderSize, "foo_parent render1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo_parent.Actual ({0},{1})", foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight), "foo_parent actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchNone_Test() { Border b = (Border)XamlReader.Load (@" <Border xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"" Width=""50"" Height=""50""> <Path Width=""25"" Height=""25"" x:Name=""foo"" Stretch=""None"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Red""/> </Border>"); Path foo = (Path)b.FindName ("foo"); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.RenderSize, "foo render0"); b.Arrange (new Rect (10, 10, 300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo.Actual ({0},{1})", foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), new Size (foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight), "foo actual0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.RenderSize, "foo render1"); Border foo_parent = (Border)VisualTreeHelper.GetParent (foo); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.DesiredSize, "foo_parent desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.RenderSize, "foo_parent render1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo_parent.Actual ({0},{1})", foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight), "foo_parent actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchNone_Test2() { Border b = (Border)XamlReader.Load (@" <Border xmlns=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/client/2007"" xmlns:x=""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"" Width=""50"" Height=""50""> <Path Width=""25"" Height=""25"" x:Name=""foo"" Stretch=""None"" Data=""F1 M 10,10 20,20 10,20"" StrokeLineJoin=""Round"" Stroke=""Red""/> </Border>"); Path foo = (Path)b.FindName ("foo"); b.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), foo.RenderSize, "foo render0"); b.Arrange (new Rect (10, 10, b.DesiredSize.Width, b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), b.DesiredSize, "b desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.DesiredSize, "foo desired1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo.Actual ({0},{1})", foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), new Size (foo.ActualWidth, foo.ActualHeight), "foo actual0"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (25,25), foo.RenderSize, "foo render1"); Border foo_parent = (Border)VisualTreeHelper.GetParent (foo); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.DesiredSize, "foo_parent desired1"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), foo_parent.RenderSize, "foo_parent render1"); Tester.WriteLine (String.Format ("foo_parent.Actual ({0},{1})", foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (50,50), new Size (foo_parent.ActualWidth, foo_parent.ActualHeight), "foo_parent actual1"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchNone_Test3 () { Canvas c = new Canvas (); Path p = new Path (); var r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10,11,25,47); p.Data = r; c.Children.Add (p); p.Stretch = Stretch.None; c.InvalidateMeasure (); c.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (p.ActualWidth, p.ActualHeight), "p actual 3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), p.DesiredSize, "p desired"); } [TestMethod] public void Measure_StretchNone_Test4 () { Canvas c = new Canvas (); Path p = new Path (); var r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10,11,25,47); p.Data = r; c.Children.Add (p); p.Stretch = Stretch.None; p.Width = 30; p.Height = 11; c.InvalidateMeasure (); c.Measure (new Size (300, 300)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (30,11), new Size (p.ActualWidth, p.ActualHeight), "p actual 3"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), p.DesiredSize, "p desired"); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest1() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); b.Child = path; RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Stretch = Stretch.None; path.Data = r; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (120,120), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (120, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (120, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest2() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = canvas; canvas.Children.Add (path); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest3() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (120,120), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (120, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (120, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest4() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, b.DesiredSize.Width, b.DesiredSize.Height)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (90, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (100, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest5() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); //var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; //canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Width = 20; path.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualHeight); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (90, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (100, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest5_Rounding() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); //var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; //canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80.7, 90.1); path.Data = r; path.Width = 20; path.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); Assert.IsTrue (path.UseLayoutRounding, "path rounds?"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualHeight); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (91,100), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (91, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (100, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] public void Arrange_Rounding() { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); //var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; //canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80.1, .2); path.Data = r; path.Width = 20; path.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); Assert.IsTrue (path.UseLayoutRounding, "path rounds?"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualHeight); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,20), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (90, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (20, path.ActualHeight); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug] public void ArrangeTest6() { Canvas c = new Canvas (); Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); b.Child = path; c.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Width = 20; path.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); c.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); c.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.RenderSize, "b rendersize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (b.ActualHeight,b.ActualHeight), "b actual"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.DesiredSize, "path desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.RenderSize, "path. render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), new Size (path.ActualWidth, path.ActualHeight), "path actual"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug] public void ArrangeTest7() { Canvas c = new Canvas (); Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); b.Child = path; c.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; b.Width = 20; b.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); c.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); c.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), b.RenderSize, "b rendersize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), new Size (b.ActualHeight,b.ActualHeight), "b actual"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), path.DesiredSize, "path desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), path.RenderSize, "path. render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (90,100), new Size (path.ActualWidth, path.ActualHeight), "path actual"); } [TestMethod] public void ArrangeTest8 () { Canvas c = new Canvas (); Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); b.Child = c; c.Children.Add (path); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; b.Width = 20; b.Height = 20; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.Measure (new Size (120, 120)); b.Arrange (new Rect (0, 0, 120, 120)); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), b.DesiredSize, "b desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), b.RenderSize, "b rendersize"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (20,20), new Size (b.ActualHeight,b.ActualHeight), "b actual"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.DesiredSize, "path desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "path. render"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), new Size (path.ActualWidth, path.ActualHeight), "path actual"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug ("Missing exception")] public void ReuseGeometryTest () { Path path1 = new Path (); Path path2 = new Path (); RectangleGeometry geom = new RectangleGeometry (); geom.Rect = new Rect (0, 0, 100, 100); path1.Data = geom; Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(delegate { path2.Data = geom; }, "reuse"); } [TestMethod] [MoonlightBug] public void UpdateLayoutTest () { Border b = new Border (); var path = new Path (); var canvas = new Canvas (); b.Child = path; canvas.Children.Add (b); RectangleGeometry r = new RectangleGeometry (); r.Rect = new Rect (10, 10, 80, 90); path.Data = r; path.Fill = new SolidColorBrush (Colors.Red); b.UpdateLayout (); path.UpdateLayout (); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.DesiredSize, "desired"); Assert.AreEqual (new Size (0,0), path.RenderSize, "render"); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualWidth); Assert.AreEqual (0, path.ActualHeight); } } }	2024-02-06T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3198
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Q: Where is the best position for the adverb "obviously" in the following sentence? Which of the numbered positions is the best for the adverb "obviously" in the following sentence? Jim is totally aware of the problem but [1] Jack [2] is [3] not [4]. For each of the numbered options you can find instances here or there. Some look kind of awkward, though. A: It depends on the emphasis you want and how you want the sentence to read. [2] and [4] stick out more to me, whereas [1] and [3] don't break up the sentence. For example: "Jim is totally aware of the problem but Jack obviously is not." The obviously sticks out whereas "Jack is obviously not" doesn't interrupt the flow.	2024-03-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8672
According to the correspondent of Mehr News in Mashhad, this former member, speaking at a meeting of Iraqi lawyers and tribes leaders, added: "After the fall of Saddam Hussein, the MKO started to organized members of Baath party under the name of Iraqi tribesmen and parties". A former member of the MKO revealed the "terrorist organization of Mojahedin-e khalq organizes Baathists and agents of former Estekhbarat to conduct terrorist operations against new Iraqi government" This former member of the MKO disclosed that no other group is this much interfering in the internal affairs of the new government in Iraq. According to the correspondent of Mehr News in Mashhad, this former member, speaking at a meeting of Iraqi lawyers and tribes leaders, added: "After the fall of Saddam Hussein, the MKO started to organized members of Baath party under the name of Iraqi tribesmen and parties". Referring to Mojahedin's main purpose (namely, creating divisions among people), he said: "This organization has already established more than 20 parties and groups inside Iraq, with the purpose of organizing the members of former Estekhbarat and Baath party in order to conduct terrorist operations." "Regarding the establishment of an Iraqi government that has good relations with Iran, the continuation of activities of this group in Iraq seems unnecessary because a democracy-seeking country needs not the presence of groups that resort to armed struggle." He concluded: "MKO achieved all its terrorist goals by the aid of Saddam Hussein and former Iraqi intelligence system; for the time being, MKO's presence in Camp Ashraf is a major factor behind chaos in Iraq. New Articles Spokesman for the Iranian Parliament’s National Security Council said that Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MKO) that has received asylum from France is today supported by the upholders of human rights though...	2024-05-27T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8388
Q: Where can I find a good comprehensive read about the history of Mathematics? I'm doing a Bachelor of Pure Mathematics in Unisversity, and while reading through the book that outlines the course selections, I found one that is listed as "rarely offered", which the department says will likely never be offered again. It is titled "The History of Math", and the synopsis of the course reads as follows: How did the many powerful theories of modern mathematics develop, and which major mathematicians influenced and shaped this development? How did the many powerful theories of modern mathematics develop, and which major mathematicians influenced and shaped this development? In this course, this historical development of mathematics is exemplified by concentrating in some detail on the history of the calculus from its early beginnings through its 18th-century progress to the introduction of mathematical analysis in the 19th century, and the further developments to set theory, the beginnings of topology, and to the structural point of view of the 20th century. Its emphasis is on a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of mathematics and of the interrelations among various branches of mathematics. This should lead to a better understanding of familiar mathematical topics and also allows the introduction of new mathematical content from a modern point of view. This is a shame, because I am deeply interested in finding out how some of the popular theories were developed and molded to be taught at lower levels. The one I can think of in particular is how Newton et al came up with the Fundamental Theory of Calculus. So, aside from haphazardly looking up and reading poorly written (or lacking information) articles on wikipedia, are there any good books that cover this sort of material? A: Victor Katz is renowned for his writing and research in the History of Mathematics. I read an earlier edition of the text History of Mathematics while taking an undergraduate course in the History of Math during a Spring term (it was the required text for the class.) It is an excellent book. We couldn't cover the entire text over one semester, so I persisted in reading it to completion over the summer which followed. You can go as far back as you'd like (it goes very far back in history!), or pick up where your interest is piqued. If you can't take the course, for credit, or as an "auditor", I'd recommend this book for your library. It is a good complement to "doing" hard-core math. That's not to say that it's necessarily "easy", because it invites you to engage in mathematics using only the tools available at a given point in history and in a given culture. At any rate, I found the text to be very engaging, it helped me appreciate the field of mathematics more than I ever thought I could, and it has served me well as a reference, too. I just noticed that there is a "brief" version of Katz's History of Mathematics which might not be as overwhelming, and likely highlights the best and the biggest breakthroughs in mathematics, as they developed over time. You might also want to peruse the following list: Resources: History of Mathematics, to find some helpful recommendations. A: Books A History of Mathematics: From Mesopotamia to Modernity by By: Luke Hodgkin The Math Book: From Pythagoras to the 57th Dimension, 250 Milestones in the History of Mathematics' Author: Clifford A. Pickover A concise history of mathematics, By Dirk Jan STRUIK A History of Mathematics, By Uta C. Merzbach, Carl B. Boyer Additionally worth a visit, the AMS list Lastly, you might want to peruse the great priced Dover Math History collection Web Sites The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive History of Mathematics Web Sites History of Mathematics Universities You might want to peruse your local universities You might want to use the online resources at your university to peruse other schools' libraries	2023-08-18T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6543
Slashdot videos: Now with more Slashdot! View Discuss Share We've improved Slashdot's video section; now you can view our video interviews, product close-ups and site visits with all the usual Slashdot options to comment, share, etc. No more walled garden! It's a work in progress -- we hope you'll check it out (Learn more about the recent updates). FlorianMueller writes "As if there weren't already enough patent suits related to smartphone technologies, Motorola just announced its widely anticipated countersuit against Microsoft. Its subsidiary Motorola Mobility filed complaints with two US District Courts (Southern District of Florida and Western District of Wisconsin). Motorola already litigates with Apple in those and other courts. According to Motorola, the patents relate to technologies in the fields of operating systems, video codecs, email, instant messaging, object-oriented software architectures, WiFi, and graphical passwords. Motorola claims Windows, the Live messenger, Windows Phone, Outlook and other Microsoft products infringe. Motorola's action is no surprise given that all of the companies sued over patent infringement by Android — with the exception of Google — have already countersued." Its like a giant space battle.. but involving black suits, lots of money and lawyers. Here's hoping none of them are taken seriously in the courts and all these silly, strategic patents are called what they are, invalid and worthless. (And hope that the technology, on whomevers side doesn't suffer) Aye! The patent Armageddon our forefathers have predicted is finally coming to pass. Take heart, brothers and sisters, and let the mighty beasts wail and crash each other asunder, for though there will be much wailing and gnashing of teeth, aye, and many a lost source of income, we will be there at the end, to wage battle with the last, greatest Patent Troll left standing and umm... sic the anti-trust hounds upon it? Again? Oh, wait... The reality is that 99% of all software patents are bogus because they fail the tests of being novel, non-trivial, and non-obvious. 90% of them fail all three tests. The problem is that the patent offices are completely incompetent. The simplest fix is to get rid of all software patents. More than hope. I really do think this is the beginning of the end for software patents. You have these multibillion dollar companies with gigantic patent portfolios. The implied threat is there. "Don't sue us, or you'll get it in return." And the big players don't sue each other over trivial things that infringe because of the threat of mutually assured destruction. That's always been the rule, until recently. Gigantic forces in reserve, a tangled web of alliances, then a single shot fired [wikipedia.org] is what s And yet, WWI didn't end guns and bombs; it merely killed a lot of people. So you draw an analogy to this conflict, where the "weapons" are patents, and think the battle will put an end to the weapon? This isn't the first, or the last, time that a group of large companies get into a mess where each alleges the other is infringing patents, and it's not the first, or the last, where all probably have some valid claims. If the MAD analogies that keep flying around were valid, and with the first shot fired, you But I still think there are enough points in common to draw a parallel. A tangled web of alliances, a stockpiling of resources, and itchy trigger fingers. But you're right - patents aren't bombs. That's why I predict a different outcome. How many patents are some of these companies sitting on? IBM is granted about 4000 per year. [theregister.co.uk] And now we're seeing squabbles involving a few dozen. These companies have done nothing but move their standoff from a theoretical issue hidden in their file drawers to a practical matter in court filings. I predit they will reach an agreement where all are licensed to use all of the technology involved, maybe with payments from one to another if there seems to be an imbalance in overall contribution to the IP pool, and that will be that. I hear this argument often, but I don't quite understand it. Consider this. Patents are public. Therefore, before you sue someone over your patents, you can - and should! - check if they own any which they may counter-sue you on. Furthermore, before you even sue, you'll probably reach out privately first and make your offer, be it royalties or cross-licensing agreement or whatever. If they feel it's the best they can hope for, they'll take it. We've seen that in practice in Microsoft vs HTC. And if they feel While not covered well in the press, like IXI, Motorola is also demanding that Microsoft stop shipping "infringing" products, though in this case they speak of virtually the entire Microsoft product line. This can become very interesting. I think Microsoft picked on the wrong company to try and bully and run it's protection racket on this time. They seem to have inherited SCO's footgun... While not covered well in the press, like IXI, Motorola is also demanding that Microsoft stop shipping "infringing" products, though in this case they speak of virtually the entire Microsoft product line. This can become very interesting. I think Microsoft picked on the wrong company to try and bully and run it's protection racket on this time. They seem to have inherited SCO's footgun... It will be an interesting fight. Don't forget that RIM sued Motorola, Motorola sued back, and they settled the suits out of court confidentially but with a couple pieces of information released to the public: From an outsider's perspective, I saw the MS lawsuit as a thinly disguised attempt to try fight dirty against Android. While some might think Apple is the biggest competitor in the mobile space, it's really Android. Just like the computer market, MS sells their OS primarily through their partners. Unlike the computer market, their partners have a suitable alternative in Android. Android is not completely free (there are things the handset makers agree to in order to use it) but probably much cheaper tha While not covered well in the press, like IXI, Motorola is also demanding that Microsoft stop shipping "infringing" products, though in this case they speak of virtually the entire Microsoft product line. This can become very interesting. That's a standard request, and is unlikely to be granted. Because monetary damages are adequate for patent infringement, and because Microsoft isn't a tiny company with no liquid assets, a preliminary injunction is almost certain to be denied. We need a "Major Player" summit of the largest technology companies. They can all get together, argue over who gets to sit in which chair, what they'll have for lunch (or brunch if they're feeling really ornery) and then have a knockdown-dragout fight over who's giant projector to use during the meetings. That should keep the suits and lawyers busy so the engineers back in the labs can actually get some work done. All this patent litigation is going to result in a patent pool, locking new competition out of the smart phone market for 20 years. Hope the tech companies enjoy their little circle-jerk. All it's highlighting to the rest of the world is the stupidity of some of the patents involved. The question is who gets to be in the pool. Lots of the established names would love to see a pool without Apple and maybe without Google and Microsoft too. If they are all in the pool, then there will still be a question of how much each patent is worth and who is paying to be a member versus who is paid. The only problem is if you want to make money in any market you have to play ball. That's why patents like these are so destructive to the creative process. It makes it impossible for someone to even want to try to outdo what's out there. The costs involved mean that even if I have a good marketable idea, and the money to develop it and bring it to market, it'll never see the light of day because more than likely I'll never have the money to fight off all the patent trolls out there. That is unless I sel With Motorola, Mircosoft, Nokia, and Apple having launched various lawsuits and counter-lawsuits against each other, I think that untangling this mess in the proper order is quickly starting to become an NP-complete problem. Yeah, I could see this sort of thing coming when I heard that the whole point in building up a patent portfolio was to keep others from suing you in some sort of MAD deterrence setup. They can't sue us because we'll sue them in retaliation? When has a lawyer EVER said "no, you can't sue them, that'd be stupid"? Motorola has a large plant in Plantation, Florida, a suburb of Ft. Lauderdale, where a lot of the engineering for portable products (including iDEN phones) is done and which also has a corporate IP office. It may be that they saw advantage in having the inventors and relevant attorneys in close proximity to the court. If all of these judges would put temporary injunctions in place, banning the cell makers in their case(s) from selling infringing phones, the cell industry would come to a screeching halt. That's what the cell industry has effectively asked for, by everyone suing everyone else for patent infringement. Just take them all at face value, and stop all of these infringers from shipping anything. These patents are mutually assured destruction, right? Let the MAD begin! This whole cyclic undirected graph of lawsuits with varying levels of reference cycles will never be resolved. At some point pretty soon it'll just deadlock out, unable to move one suit forward because it depends cyclically on another suit. For once , a few of the big boys are at odds with each other, which can only mean profit, for the consumer. As it stands, each time the big ones go at it, they end up going into bloodlusts, that provoke better sales on items that normally are overpriced, and will tend to bring down the overall price point the companies tend to look for.... M$ vp1>Our 7 phone is not doing wellM$ vp2>Might be becuase google is coming out with android and apple is tooM$ vp1>We also have those nasty patents cases coming “In industries where the dynamics of technological change display a cumulative and incremental character, the protection of “commons” of freely accessible knowledge is likely to yield much higher rates of innovation than the enforcement of strong intellectual property rights.” - A. Nuvolari The cell phone industry was going along just fine until outsiders started to use there weapon of choice "Patents" Apple,MS,Google are outsiders who bought there way into the cell phone industry. I should have been a lawyer because when its all said and done there the ones laughing all the way to the bank. Besides phones being a growth market, this problem is aggravated by the fact that a bunch of big hardware companies are suddenly in the same market as a bunch of big software companies. Unlike their usual competitors, these buy guys don't yet have patent non-aggression pacts, so they just go t Well, we all knew that patents have been used in business as a nuclear deterrent against being sued for patent infringement. But now that someone has broken their "cold war" stance, we are seeing a nuclear crossfire that is just about to get interesting. After we see all this going on, perhaps we will see some of the big players come out against software patents to end the chaos. It's going to become very expensive... even for the big players. Because the judicial system is paid for by you, the taxpayer. So instead of doing important things, like processing violent crime, the courts get DDOSed now by a bunch of companies who like to play games with the system and you pay for it to happen. You know protecting whatnot is all good and fine. I'd just like it to happen in a fashion that doesn't clog up court time and does not cost the taxpayer money. But besides that, suing each other isn't accomplishing anything other then to finance the Lawyer industry. The issue, if you want to put it so succinctly is, that you Americans stopped doing stuff (like cars, electronics, etc.) and increasingly rely on an industry of imaginary property and lawsuits. The issue with that is that ultimately imaginary p For those who didn't live through the Cold War, MAD stands for "Mutually Assured Destruction." Just like the Cold War, and for that matter WW-I, everyone in the tech industry has been stockpiling weaponry (patents) for years in order to protect themselves from each other. The argument for the situation is always that only a lunatic would dare upset the status quo. Unfortunately, it only takes one lunatic.	2023-12-03T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2860
MONTEGO BAY, St James — Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd is reportedly interested in hiring more Jamaicans as the company, regarded as the world's second-largest cruise operator, continues to grow. Royal Caribbean's President and Chief Operating Officer Adam Goldstein reportedly made the disclosure in a discussion with Jamaica's Tourism Minister Edmund Bartlett last Friday at the cruise line's headquarters in Miami, Florida. According to Bartlett, Goldstein said that Jamaicans represent the “very essence of Royal Caribbean's service for flair, friendliness and engagement”. The company currently employs 66,000 workers. Bartlett met with Goldstein and the cruise line's vice-president for Government Relations in the Americas, Russell Benford, to discuss a range of industry-related matters. Bartlett reportedly told Goldstein that Jamaica's tourism and labour ministries will work together to ensure that the cruise line's desire to employ more Jamaicans will be realised in the shortest possible time. The minister also updated the Royal Caribbean team on the development of a Global Tourism Resilience Centre in Jamaica, as well as the proposed Caribbean Recovery Plan. The centre, which is set to be established at The University of the West Indies, Mona, will be tasked with creating toolkits, guidelines and policies to handle the recovery process from the minute a crisis takes place. It will also include the development of a Sustainable Tourism Observatory, which will assist in preparedness, management and recovery of crises which impact tourism and threaten economies and livelihood. The company also holds a 50 per cent stake in TUI Cruises and 49 per cent stakes in Pullmantur Cruises and its subsidiary CDF Croisières de France which caters to the French cruise market. Cruise travel is expected to rise to 27.2 million passengers in 2018, according to Cruise Lines International Association, an industry trade body. Meanwhile, Royal Caribbean's net yields, a closely watched measure of how well cruise lines are doing, showed growth in 2017 that Chief Financial Officer Jason Liberty called “the best in more than a decade”, increasing by 6.4 per cent. Bartlett, who was joined by Senior Advisor/Strategist Delano Seiveright and head of cruise at the Jamaica Vacations Ltd Francine Haughton, is scheduled to travel to San Juan, Puerto Rico, with executive director of the Tourism Product Development Company, Dr Andrew Spencer to attend Caribbean Travel Marketplace, the largest tourism marketing event in the Caribbean.	2023-10-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4471
Molecular architectures for electrocatalytic amplification of oligonucleotide hybridization. In this work, we describe a new platform suitable for electrocatalytic amplification of oligonucleotide hybridization based on the use of supramolecular bioconjugates incorporating ferrocene-labeled streptavidin. Our goals were aimed at designing a biosensing platform which could support highly reproducible and stable electrocatalytic amplification with maximum efficiency. The use of nonlabeled streptavidin as an underlying layer promotes a major improvement on the characteristics of the amplified electrochemical signal. In addition, the electrocatalytic current can be easily amplified by tuning the concentration of electron donor species in solution. Because of the fact that the redox labels are bioconjugated to the DNA strands, increasing the ionic strength does not lead to the loss of redox labels. More importantly, increasing the concentration of donors only involves the magnification of the signal without implying the permeation of donors (thus reducing the efficient electrocatalysis). This approach represents a major improvement on the use of electrocatalytically amplified DNA-sensing platforms, thus overcoming any possible limitation in connection with the reproducibility and reliability of this well-established method.	2024-05-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9258
Q: system.net.mail editing mail content I am using system.net.mail library for sending a user information about some made actions. At program runtime I am collecting some information and later on I would like to show it to user. The mail content would look like this: Hello user, this is your id in system. if he chosen option1 You chosen option 1 value if he chosen option2 You chosen option 2 value if he chosen option3 You chosen option 3 value The problem is that I didn't find a way how I could change mail content (which is written in html, and added to resources) at program runtime. Anyone can suggest how I should editing mail content depending of chosen values or maybe there is any alternatives? Example of mail: `<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">` <html> <head> <META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html"> </head> <body> <p>Hello user,</p> <p>This is your id in system : {0}</p> /* And the dificult part here: if he chosen option1 in program I want in email to show that option 1 value. And if he didn't chosen it I don't wanna show it to him. / </body> </html> A: You could store html in an XML file and populate the content via string.Format like so: - <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <Email> <FromAddress>from</FromAddress> <ToAddress>to</ToAddress> <Subject>subject line</Subject> <EmailBody> <![CDATA[ <html> <head> <title>Customer</title> </head> <div valign="top"> <font color="#666666" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, Verdana" size="2"> <p>Hello user.</p> <p><strong>This is your ID in the system: </strong>{0}<br /> <strong>You chose option: </strong>{1}<br /></p> </font> </div> </html> ]]> </EmailBody> </Email> Code (populate and send): - int custId = //provide customer id string option = //customers selected option string custEmail = //customers email MailMessage mail = GetHtmlEmail(); string message = string.Format(mail.Body, custId, option); mail.IsBodyHtml = true; mail.Body = message; using (SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient()) { smtp.Send(mail); } Reading in the email markup + setting some properties of the mail object: - private MailMessage GetHtmlEmail() { MailMessage mail = new MailMessage(); XmlTextReader xReader = new XmlTextReader(Server.MapPath("PATH TO EMAIL.XML")); while (xReader.Read()) { switch (xReader.Name) { case "ToAddress": mail.To.Add(xReader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null).ToString()); break; case "FromAddress": mail.From = new MailAddress(xReader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null).ToString()); break; case "Subject": mail.Subject = xReader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null).ToString(); break; case "EmailBody": mail.Body = xReader.ReadElementContentAs(typeof(string), null).ToString(); break; default: break; } } return mail; } Edit If you don't want this <strong>You chose option: </strong>{1}<br /> to appear AT ALL if the customer chose no option, then you could do this (though a bit hacky): - if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(option)) { option = string.Format("<strong>You chose option: </strong>{1}<br />", option); } else { option = string.Empty; } Then pass it in as normal: - string message = string.Format(mail.Body, custId, option); Making sure to replace this line in the markup <strong>You chose option: </strong>{1}<br /> with {1}	2024-01-19T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7552
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Outfit of the Day: Color blocking with mint & yellow The weather is finally getting nice where we live so today I opted for a nice mint & yellow color block dress and my new Sam Edelman for AEO sandals. I wore the sandals while running errands and to the mall and they were so comfy! I wanted to get more but the American Eagle at our mall ran out of the Sam Edelman Spring 2012 line so I had to order it online. I’m so happy that it’s finally Spring!	2024-04-29T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8366
Q: how mongoid create index for test and production environment How mongoid create index for test and production environment? I mean rake db:mongoid:create_indexes => environment how to set the environment? I use mongoid 2.4.9 and rails 3.2.7. A: As with other rake tasks for Rails, simply specify RAILS_ENV to rake on the command line, e.g., rake db:mongoid:create_indexes RAILS_ENV=test You can tail your log files in another window to watch it happen. tail -f log/*.log	2024-07-23T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5348
Q: Why isn't [ -n ] false like [ -n "" ]? My question is on return values produced by this code: if [ -n ]; then echo "true"; else echo "false"; fi This prints true. Its complementary test using [ -z ] also prints true: if [ -z ]; then echo "true"; else echo "false"; fi In the above code, why does the [ -n ] test assume the string value that is not passed at all, as not null? The code below prints false. This is expected since the passed string value is null and of zero length. if [ -n "" ]; then echo "true"; else echo "false"; fi A: [ -n ] does not use the -n test. The -n in [ -n ] is not a test at all. When there is only one argument between [ and ], that argument is a string that is tested to see if it is empty. Even when that string has a leading -, it is still interpreted as an operand, not a test. Since the string -n is not empty--it contains two characters, - and n, not zero characters--[ -n ] evaluates to true. As Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams says, where string is a single argument, the test performed on string in [ string ] is the same as the test performed on it by [ -n string ]. When string happens to be -n, nothing special happens. The -n in [ -n ] and the second -n in [ -n -n ] are simply strings being tested for emptiness. When there is only one argument between [ and ], that argument is always a string to be tested for nonemptiness, even if it happens to be named the same as a test. Similarly, when there are two arguments between [ and ] and the first of them is -n, the second one is always a string to be tested for nonemptiness, even if it happens to be named the same as a test. This is simply because the syntax for [ insists that a single argument between [ and ] or after -n is a string operand. For the same reason that [ -n ] doesn't use the -n test, [ -z ] doesn't use the -z test. You can learn more about [ in bash by examining the help for it. Notice that is a shell builtin: $ type [ [ is a shell builtin Thus you can run help [ to get help on it: $ help [ [: [ arg... ] Evaluate conditional expression. This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last argument must be a literal `]', to match the opening `['. For more information, including what tests are supported and how they work, you will have to see the help on test. When you run the command help test, you'll get a detailed list. Rather than reproduce it all, here's the part about string operators: -z STRING True if string is empty. -n STRING STRING True if string is not empty. STRING1 = STRING2 True if the strings are equal. STRING1 != STRING2 True if the strings are not equal. STRING1 < STRING2 True if STRING1 sorts before STRING2 lexicographically. STRING1 > STRING2 True if STRING1 sorts after STRING2 lexicographically. Notice that -n STRING and just STRING do the same thing: they test if the string STRING is not empty. A: [x] is equivalent to [ -nx] even if x starts with - provided there is no operand. $ [ -o ] ; echo $? 0 $ [ -eq ] ; echo $? 0 $ [ -n -o ] ; echo $? 0 $ [ -n -eq ] ; echo $? 0 A: [ -n ] is true because the [ command (aka the test command) acts upon the number of arguments it is given. If it is given only a single argument, the result is "true" if the argument is a non-empty string. "-n" is a string with 2 characters, not empty, therefore "true".	2024-03-02T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5724
Q: Static data fetcher returns null (GraphQL/Java) I have following simple schema/query example with programmatic schema creation in Java. Here, I am trying to create following schema: query{ board { name: string } } Code: GraphQLObjectType queryType = GraphQLObjectType.newObject() .name("BoardQuery") .field(GraphQLFieldDefinition.newFieldDefinition() .name("board") .type(GraphQLObjectType.newObject().name("boardType") .field(GraphQLFieldDefinition.newFieldDefinition() .name("name") .type(GraphQLString).build())) .build()) .build(); GraphQLCodeRegistry graphQLCodeRegistry = GraphQLCodeRegistry.newCodeRegistry() .dataFetcher(FieldCoordinates.coordinates("boardType","name"), new StaticDataFetcher("hello")).build(); GraphQLSchema graphQLSchema = GraphQLSchema.newSchema() .query(queryType) .codeRegistry(graphQLCodeRegistry) .build(); GraphQL graphQl = GraphQL.newGraphQL(graphQLSchema).build(); ExecutionResult executionResult = graphQl.execute("query { board { name } }"); System.out.println(executionResult.getData().toString()); Expected output: {name:hello} Actual output: {name:null} Am I missing something here? A: Im new to this myself but this i'll give it a shot. //The dataFetcher used to fetch a board object. DataFetcher boardDataFetcher() { return environment -> { Object board = new Object() { String name = "board Name"; }; return board; }; } //Your deffinition of what a board type contains/what of the board type you want to expose public GraphQLObjectType boardType = newObject() .name("boardType") .field(newFieldDefinition() .name("name") .type(GraphQLString) ) .build(); // Define your query types public GraphQLObjectType queryType = newObject() .name("Query") .field(newFieldDefinition() .name("board") .type(boardType) ) .build(); // wire the query, board and datafetcher together public GraphQLCodeRegistry codeRegistry = newCodeRegistry() .dataFetcher( coordinates("Query", "board"), boardDataFetcher() ) .build(); //create the schema GraphQLSchema graphQLSchema = GraphQLSchema.newSchema() .query(queryType) .codeRegistry(codeRegistry) .build(); This works with a query like board{name} Should give you the response: "board": { "name": "board Name" }	2024-07-19T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9523
As a matter of fact, you can! You can add Krombel's repository to F-Droid: [[https://fdroid.krombel.de/riot-dev/fdroid/repo]]. The repository contains both the F-Droid and the Google Play flavours. As a matter of fact, you can! You can add Krombel's repository to [[https://f-droid.org][F-Droid]]: [[https://fdroid.krombel.de/riot-dev/fdroid/repo]]. The repository contains both the F-Droid and the Google Play flavours.	2023-09-20T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1707
Gold Shimmer Holiday Poinsetta Enlarge No holiday season seems complete without the joyful celebration created by poinsettia plants. And this shimmering poinsettia takes that celebration to a whole new level, complemented perfectly by a gold glitter cache container. Measures 11”H X 9”L.	2024-05-20T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9436
// // VROCompress.hpp // ViroRenderer // // Created by Raj Advani on 7/6/17. // Copyright © 2017 Viro Media. All rights reserved. // // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining // a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the // "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including // without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, // distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to // permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to // the following conditions: // // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included // in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. // // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF // MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. // IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY // CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, // TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE // SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. #ifndef VROCompress_hpp #define VROCompress_hpp #include <stdio.h> #include <string> #include <zlib.h> class VROCompress { public: /* Compress an STL string using zlib with given compression level and return the binary data. / static std::string compress(const std::string &str, int compressionlevel = Z_BEST_COMPRESSION); / Decompress an STL string using zlib and return the original data. Returns an empty string on error. / static std::string decompress(const std::string &str); }; #endif / VROCompress_hpp */	2024-03-20T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3812
Water capacitor A water capacitor is a device that uses water as its dielectric insulating medium. Theory of operation A capacitor is a device in which electrical energy is introduced and can be stored for a later time. A capacitor consists of two conductors separated by a non-conductive region. The non-conductive region is called the dielectric or electrical insulator. Examples of traditional dielectric media are air, paper, and certain semiconductors. A capacitor is a self-contained system, is isolated with no net electric charge. The conductors must hold equal and opposite charges on their facing surfaces. Water as a dielectric Conventional capacitors use materials such as glass or ceramic as their insulating medium to store an electric charge. Water capacitors were created mainly as a novelty item or for laboratory experimentation, and can be made with simple materials. Water exhibits the quality of being self-healing; if there is an electrical breakdown through the water, it quickly returns to its original and undamaged state. Other liquid insulators are prone to carbonization after breakdown, and tend to lose their hold off strength over time. The drawback to using water is the short length of time it can hold off the voltage, typically in the microsecond to ten microsecond (μs) range. Deionized water is relatively inexpensive and is environmentally safe. These characteristics, along with the high dielectric constant, make water an excellent choice for building large capacitors. If a way can be found to reliably increase the hold off time for a given field strength, then there will be more applications for water capacitors. Water has been shown not to be a very reliable substance to store electric charge long term, so more reliable materials are used for capacitors in industrial applications. However water has the advantage of being self healing after a breakdown, and if the water is steadily circulated through a de-ionizing resin and filters, then the loss resistance and dielectric behavior can be stabilized. Thus, in certain unusual situations, such as the generation of extremely high voltage but very short pulses, a water capacitor may be a practical solution – such as in an experimental Xray pulser. Applications A simple type of water capacitor is created by using water filled glass jars and some form of insulating material to cover the ends of the jar. Water capacitors are not widely used in the industrial community due to their large physical size for a given capacitance. The conductivity of water can change very quickly and is unpredictable if left open to atmosphere. Many variables such as temperature, pH levels, and salinity have been shown to alter conductivity in water. As a result, there are better alternatives to the water capacitor in the majority of applications. The pulse withstand voltage of carefully purified water can be very high – over 100kV/cm (comparing to about 10cm for the same voltage in dry air). A capacitor is designed to store electric energy when disconnected from its charging source. Compared to more conventional devices, water capacitors are currently not practical devices for industrial applications. Capacitance can be increased by the addition of electrolytes and minerals to the water, but this increases the self leakage, and cannot be done beyond its saturation point. Hazards and benefits Modern high voltage capacitors may retain their charge long after power is removed. This charge can cause dangerous, or even potentially fatal, shocks if the stored energy is more than a few joules. At much lower levels, stored energy can still cause damage to connected equipment. Water capacitors, being self discharging, (for totally pure water, only thermally ionized, at the ratio of conductivity to permittivity means that self discharge time is circa 180μs, faster with higher temperatures or dissolved impurities) usually cannot be made to store enough residual electrical energy to cause serious bodily injury. Unlike many large industrial high voltage capacitors, water capacitors do not require oil. Oil found in many older designs of capacitors can be toxic to both animals and humans. If a capacitor breaks open and its oil is released, the oil often finds its way into the water table, which can cause health problems over time. History Capacitors can originally be traced back to a device called a Leyden jar, created by the Dutch physicist Pieter van Musschenbroek. The Leyden jar consisted of a glass jar with tin foil layers on the inside and outside of the jar. A rod electrode was directly connected to the inlayer of foil by means of a small chain or wire. This device stored static electricity created when amber and wool where rubbed together. Although the design and materials used in capacitors have changed greatly throughout history, the basic fundamentals remain the same. In general, capacitors are very simple electrical devices which can have many uses in today's technologically advanced world. A modern capacitor usually consists of two conducting plates sandwiched around an insulator. Electrical researcher Nicola Tesla described capacitors as the "electrical equivalent of dynamite". Notes References . Category:Capacitors	2024-07-31T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6093
Isolation of a fragment homologous to the rp49 constitutive gene of Drosophila in the Neotropical malaria vector Anopheles aquasalis (Diptera: Culicidae). The constitutive ribosomal gene rp49 is frequently used as an endogenous control in Drosophila gene expression experiments. Using the degenerate primer PCR technique we have cloned a fragment homologous to this gene in Anopheles aquasalis Curry, a Neotropical vector of malaria. In addition, based on this first sequence, a new primer was designed, which allowed the isolation of fragments of rp49 in two other species, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, suggesting that it could be used to clone fragments of this gene in a number of other mosquito species. Primers were also designed to specifically amplify rp49 cDNA fragments in An. aquasalis and Ae. aegypti, showing that rp49 could be used as a good constitutive control in gene expression studies of these and other vectorially important mosquito species.	2024-03-22T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5339
Strange political times make for unexpected allies as Democratic primary candidates defend Trump’s right to have a platform on Twitter. Democratic presidential nominee rivals Rep. Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii and Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts rejected comments by Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris (D-CA) calling for Trump to be suspended from Twitter. Gabbard told Fox News that she “will stand up for every American’s right and freedom of speech, no matter how strongly I may disagree with that speech.” She added that “[t]his freedom is the First Amendment of the Constitution for a reason and I will do all I can to stand up for it.” According to the same article from Fox News, Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts merely chuckled and replied "no" when asked by news reporters if she thought the Republican president should be suspended from Twitter. Harris had tweeted on Monday that “Trump has again shown he is irresponsible and endangering others with his tweets. He should lose the privilege to be on Twitter.” She took her complaint directly to Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, and tweeted “[h]ey, @jack. Time to do something about this.”	2024-01-13T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1424
In the action-comedy '21 Jump Street,' Schmidt (Jonah Hill) and Jenko (Channing Tatum) are more than ready to leave their adolescent problems behind. Joining the police force and the secret Jump Street unit, they use their youthful appearances to go ... Three dark-hued tales of life in a seemingly quiet Long Island suburb collide in this ambitious drama from writer and director Eric Mendelsohn. John (Elias Koteas) and his wife (Kathryn Erbe) are clearly unhappy with one another, though they don't ... In the action-comedy '30 Minutes or Less,' Nick (Jesse Eisenberg) is a small town pizza delivery guy whose mundane life collides with the big plans of two wanna-be criminal masterminds (Danny McBride and Nick Swardson). From the director of 'About a Boy' comes 'A Better Life' -- a touching, poignant, multi-generational story about a father's love and the lengths a parent will go to give his child the opportunities he never had. Ulrik is a somewhat gentle man. He has killed some people and crippled a few. It's all part of the job when you're a gangster. Just like doing time.Now Urlik is out again. Reluctantly... And Jensen is waiting on the outside. Set in the political snake-pit of Elizabethan England, 'Anonymous' speculates on an issue that has for centuries intrigued academics and brilliant minds ranging from Mark Twain and Charles Dickens to Henry James and Sigmund Freud, namely: who was ... In 'Another Earth,' Rhoda Williams (Brit Marling), a bright young woman accepted into MIT's astrophysics program, aspires to explore the cosmos. A brilliant composer, John Burroughs (William Mapother), has just reached the pinnacle of his profession ... British filmmaker Mike Leigh delivers another emotionally honest portrait of ordinary people trying to make sense of their lives in this comedy drama. Tom (Jim Broadbent) and Gerri (Ruth Sheen) are a couple who are drifting past middle age into their ... Part of the new wave of Greek cinema, 'Attenberg' is an offbeat coming-of-age film. 23-year-old Marina is living in a small, factory town by the sea where her once-visionary architect father, has returned to die. 'Back Door Channels: The Price of Peace' is the true story of the men who brought lasting Peace to the Middle East. For the first time ever, the filmmakers take the audience behind the public veil obscured by a first of its kind White House issued ... From the team that brought you 'You Got Served' comes a young Hip-Hop dance battle movie for a new generation of dance. 'Battlefield America' takes a steady look at the underbelly of the youth battle dance culture in Long Beach, California. In 'Beneath the Darkness,' Ely Vaughn (Dennis Quaid) is a pillar of the community in tiny Smithville, Texas. The town's mortician, Ely has been revered since his days as the high school's star quarterback. A teenage girl incurs the wrath of a psychotic killer after discovering the whereabouts of a young boy who's been missing for five years in this horror thriller from Malevolence writer/director Stevan Mena. You've probably made sure that your website, business cards and letterhead reflect you and your professionalism. Now it's time to extend that professional look to your invoices. In fact, your image should be at its strongest, when you ask your client for ...	2024-07-18T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4847
Vincenz Statz Vincenz Statz (9 April 1819 , Cologne – † 21 August 1898, Cologne) was a Neo-Gothic German architect, mainly active in the Rhineland. Bibliography (in German) Pfarrgemeinderat Neuss-Grefrath (Hrsg.): Festschrift zum 125-jährigen Jubiläum der St. Stephanus-Kirche in Neuss-Grefrath – Geschichtliches und Geschichten rund um den Kirchturm. Neuss 1989 Manfred Böckling: St. Cyriakus in Mendig. Redaktion: Karl-Peter Wiemer. – Köln: Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Landschaftsschutz 2007 (=Rheinische Kunststätten, Heft 500). Wolfram Hagspiel: Das "St.-Claren-Viertel" – seine bauliche und städtebauliche Entwicklung bis zur Gegenwart. In: Am Römerturm. Zwei Jahrtausende eines Kölner Stadtviertels. Köln 2006. Rolf-Bernd Hechler: Anmerkungen zur Neugotik und zu einigen Krefelder Bauten aus dieser Zeit. (=Die Heimat-Zeitschrift für niederrheinische Kultur- und Heimatpflege, 50. Jahrgang). Krefeld 1979, S. 99 ff. Christian Kratz: Der Neue Dom zu Linz. In: Oberösterr. Heimatblätter. 48, Linz 1994. S. 3–17 Christian Kratz: Vincenz Statz und die Neugotik in Deutschland. In: Beiträge zur Stadt Schwelm und ihrer Umgebung. 47, 1998, S. 117–131 Christian Kratz: St. Donatus in Aachen-Brand. Aachen 2000 Michael J. Lewis: The Politics of the German Gothic Revival: August Reichensperger (1808–1895). New York 1993 Heinrich Mann, Willy Weyres: Handbuch zur rheinischen Baukunst des 19. Jahrhunderts. Köln 1968 Franz Ronig: Der Kirchenbau des 19. Jahrhunderts im Bistum Trier. In: Kunst des 19. Jh. im Rheinland, Bd. 1: Architektur. Düsseldorf 1980, S. 195–268 Dieter Schewe: Der Zehnthof in Sinzig im 19. Jahrhundert: Ein rheinischer Traum aus Hohenzollerns Königsschlössern o. Verlag. o. Jahr. Dieter Schewe: Geschichte Sinzigs und seiner Königspfalzen – Angelpunkte der Römer, Karolinger, Staufer zwischen Ober- und Niederrhein 40 bis 1227, Sinzig 2004. Hans Vogts: Vincenz Statz (1819–1898). Lebensbild und Lebenswerk eines Kölner Baumeisters. Mönchengladbach 1960 Willy Weyres: Katholische Kirchen im alten Erzbistum Köln und im rheinischen Teil des Bistums Münster. In: Kunst des 19. Jh. im Rheinland, Bd. 1: Architektur. Düsseldorf 1980, S. 75–193 Willy Weyres: Vincenz Statz (1819–1898). In: Rheinische Lebensbilder. 6, Köln 1975, S. 97–120 o.V.: Vincenz Statz †. In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung, 18. Jahrgang 1898, Nr. 35 (vom 27. August 1898) (PDF; 1,4 MB), S. 415f. Category:19th-century German architects Category:People from Cologne Category:1819 births Category:1898 deaths Category:Gothic Revival architects	2024-06-27T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5750
Q: DNX vs DNX Core I have started a very simple "kick the tires" ASP.Net MVC (beta) project in VS2015 and am having an issue wrapping my head around the DNX and DNX Core references. In this example I am trying to use DateTime.ToShortDateString() and have the intellisense for DNX Core enabled. I understand that this is because this isn't implemented in DNX Core and I can wrap compiler directives around it. Is this the correct approach? Are the differences between the two platforms documented anywhere? Finally, if I'm an all Windows, all IIS all the time shop does the DNX Core offer anything or should my first task to be to just remove it from the project.json file? A: I guess the only answer is it depends. Dnx vs Dnx Core Dnx runs on top of today's .NET framework (as well as mono), and has access to the full .NET 4.5.2 (now .NET 4.6) BCL. Basically everything has been added to .NET since 1.0. Dnx Core runs ontop of the CoreClr which is essentially a stripped down version of the .NET Framework. Some things are missing, some things will never be coming over to CoreClr for various reasons. I don't know of a specific list of what is coming / not coming. You can poke around on the corefx and coreclr github projects to see what is there. Now the question is really about the best approach. You have a few choices. If you're not ever planning on running the project on the CoreCLR, then you can remove it from your project.json all together. If you do plan on to run on CoreCLR (whatever the reason may be) you can do a few things. Use the common API methods for the environment In your case if theDate.ToString("d") is equivalent to theDate.ToShortDateString() then why not just use the former? Use the appropriate compiler directive DNX451, etc. For environments that don't have an implementation of what you're looking for you can throw or implement your own version if it makes sense.	2024-07-31T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4500
Product Description Details This mini-VOX - voice operated relay - is based on a circuit published in Silicon Chip, 9/1994, p31. We have improved it by putting an on-board Koa potentiometer in order to adjust the sensitivity. The idea behing a VOX is that instead of the user pressing a switch to activate a relay, the sound of the users voice itself activates the relay. This gives hands-free control over devices like tape recorders. ASSEMBLYCheck of the Components against the Listing. Follow the overlay. Note that the microphone should be located on two wires (not supplied) some distance away (like 1ft to 2 ft) from the PCB. It should not be mounted on the PCB otherwise vibration from the relay could trigger it continuously. Note one component is located under the IC so the IC socket has to be used. OPERATIONAudio is picked up by the microphone and fed to the opamp IC1a. This is connected as a non-inverting amplifier with a gain of 151 or +43.6dB. The 100pF capacitor across the 150K feedback resistor rolls off the high frequency response above 10kHz to eliminate RF. The output at pin 1 feeds two diodes, D2 and D3 which function as a half-wave voltage doubler. These rectify the audio signal to produce a DC voltage across the 2.2uF ecap, C2 which is directly proportional to the input audio sound level. This DC voltage is fed to pin 5 the second opamp IC1b. This is connected as a comparitor. A resistive voltage divider applied about 2V to pin 6. Once the DC voltage across the 2.2u ecap rises above the voltage at pin 6, pin 7 pulls high. This turns on transistor Q1 which activates the relay and turns on the LED. Q1 remains on while the DC voltge at pin 5 is above that at pin 6. Because of the high opamp gain of IC1a, and with the voltage doubler gain the circuit has a fast response time. However, the release time takes about 3 seconds determined by the time constant of C2, R5 (the 1M resistor) and the pin 6 threshold voltage. D1 is connected across the relay to protect Q1 when the relay turns off (back-emf.) Connect the microphone on leads up to 2 feet away from the PCB. Connect the negative of the microphone (the pin connected to the microphone case) to the -ve on the PCB microphone position. Battery 12V power may be used. D4 acts as protection for the circuit in case power is connected the wrong way. Current drain when off is 5-7mA. It is about 35mA when activated. Sensitivity may be varied with the 200K Koa potentiometer. A good working VOX level is about R6+R9 of 150K. But if you want more sensitivity then you can reduce R9 to 22K or less and turn the trimpot R6 to maximum sensitivity (fully clockwise.) The off delay time may be adjusted by varying R3 and R4. Reducing R3 will result in a longer release time. You could change the release time constant (C2 & R5) to say 30 seconds and use the VOX as a light switch with this delay time before turning off. Increase C2 to say 10u and R3 to 3M3. QKits has been selling Electronic Kits and modules since 1996, we also carry Weller soldering irons and tips as well as parts. We are also an Arduino, MG chemical, Hammond enclosures, Velleman electronic kits reseller.	2024-01-01T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3659
Kaori Aoba is a female professional 4 dan Go player. She is currently an affiliate of the Nihon Ki-in, the largest Go association of Japan, and was a student of Yasumasa Hane. On 4 September 2008, Aoba was defeated by Crazy Stone, a Monte-Carlo Tree Search Go playing engine, in an 8-stone handicap game in Tokyo, Japan. The exhibition match marks the earliest official defeat of a professional by a computer with a conventional handicap. Notes Category:Japanese Go players Category:1978 births Category:Living people	2023-08-09T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/4173
Technical note: Contribution of ammonia emitted from livestock to atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the United States. Ammonia emitted from animal feeding operations is an air pollutant contributing to the formation of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)), considered a major environmental risk to human health. In the United States, farm animals are the greatest contributor to gaseous ammonia emissions. Ammonia reacts with atmospheric nitric and sulfuric acids to form PM(2.5) (nitrate and sulfate), but the proportion of PM(2.5) attributable to ammonia emitted from animal farming operations has not been quantified. Thus, the objective of this analysis was to estimate the contribution of ammonia emitted from farm animals to PM(2.5) in the United States. The following approach was used: (1) the amount of ammonium in sulfate and nitrate PM(2.5) was calculated based on chemically speciated measurements published by the United States Environmental Protection Agency; and (2) the amount of ammonium in sulfate and nitrate PM(2.5) originating from livestock was assumed equal to the fraction of the total ammonia emissions attributable to livestock. Across different regions of the United States and under different weather conditions, PM(2.5) formed from ammonia emitted from livestock operations were estimated to contribute on average from 5 to 11% of the total PM(2.5) concentrations. In certain areas (North Central, for example) and in cool weather, farm animal contribution to atmospheric PM(2.5) concentration may be as much as 20%.	2023-11-20T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2706
Friday, September 17, 2010 Breaking chains Sabbath eve, September 17, 2010 Rain shortened my workday, once again, at least until the necessary evening chores came along which must be done regardless of weather conditions. Earlier, I saw one of our goats in labor. I moved closer to discover that a kid was already out and moving so I left the nanny alone. About thirty minutes later I saw the kid stand and nurse. I failed to notice another kid had been born and lay dead on the ground alongside the nanny. Had I been there for the second birth, the kid might very well have been saved. Sometimes whether an animal lives or dies can be as simple a matter as removing a piece of the sack in which they are encased to allow the baby to get that first breath. Here’s what’s certain. I was not there. The animal died. Once dead, there is no bringing that dead animal back to life. At least one of the neighborhood coyotes will eat tonight. Leah is out in the rain moving the nanny and the surviving kid to a stall so they won’t have to stand in a wet pen. Left out, even with the protection of our pack of livestock guard dogs, there’s a chance that one of literally thousands of coyotes in the immediate area might sneak in and snag dinner in the form of the surviving kid. This morning I read a blog where a woman complained about having to go out and milk her goats. For her, buying and raising goats seemed a good idea until she realized that her spouse and her children would not drink the milk, nor are they interested in helping milk goats. If you have any kind of job at all or a government check, if not, it’s cheaper and easier to buy milk than it is to extract your own from an animal. Milk animals, be they cows or goats, must be tended to twice a day, even if milked just once. There are no sick days, bad weather days, weekends, holidays, or excuses unless you have someone to fill in, and apparently she doesn’t. I’ve seen this scenario play out time and again. People leave the city for a homestead with some idyllic notion of their own little house on the prairie and soon find themselves in a hell of their own making. They plant seeds, hoping to grow things organically. Bugs eat the crops, if not, then weeds take over, if not that, some other impediment arises. If by some minor miracle they do manage to overcome all these obstacles and get food grown, they discover growing and harvesting food by hand is brutally hard work and the produce must be picked on time and immediately processed or it begins to overripen or rot in short order. Then excess crops get harvested, more than can possibly be processed, given there are only 24 hours in a day, so the homesteader decides to try and sell some of their hard earned produce. People say they want organically grown food but they don’t want to see a bug bite or any other blemish or imperfection and they want the food dirt cheap. In other words, they don’t really want organically grown, hand harvested food. They want something labeled organic that looks just like the shit sold in the grocery store and are willing to pay a few extra cents to get it. The vast majority, even if they buy “organic”, buy at some megastore that will not purchase raw food products from small scale producers. If you’re sitting at a farmer’s market selling stuff, you’re not at the farm taking care of the plants and animals in your charge. Most of those that do sit at farmer’s markets make their money fucking farmers out of their crops. Either you sell these middlemen stuff dirt cheap, less than the cost of production if your time is accounted for, or they go buy produce from the same place the big stores do, except they get the lower end stuff, repackage it and sell it as homegrown produce. It takes time to do things by hand which, unless a person has a cache of money put aside, cuts into other money making endeavors which tend to be hard to come by anyhow if you live in what I would consider a favorable spot for a homestead. When raising food produced or gathered by hand, you’re competing with what amounts to foreign slave labor. By slave labor, I mean working your ass off for less than $10/day. I could not do what I do if I didn’t have the family support of others that derive income from non-agricultural ventures. In my case, that help came in the form of a windfall that evaporates by the day. The vast majority of those that work on a farm, even of the mechanized and most modern variety, have similar arrangements. Either they inherited their land and/or someone in the family goes to town to earn money to pay bills. When I pay someone to hand harvest crops, I lose money. Every time, without fail. And old saying, which is a whole lot less funny than it was the first time I heard it: If you want to make a small fortune farming, start out with a big fortune. If I offered all the corn three field hands harvested today instead of the money I paid them for their efforts, to a man they would decline the offer. If that corn was all they got paid, they wouldn’t be back to work tomorrow. What they earned in wages is more money than the corn they picked can be sold for, if they could sell it at all (and that is highly unlikely). I’ve gone as far with this endeavor as I can. The rest of the unharvested corn the combine missed will be plowed into the ground. Economic chains have forced farmers to mechanize, cut costs and grow Frankenfoods. We waste significant amounts of the food that we grow. Breaking these chains seems near impossible, but we had better figure out how. About Me Rancher, farmer, horseman, writer. Ex-convict. Former marijuana smuggler. Aspire to follow the teachings of Jesus Christ. Don't always succeed. The Jesus I believe in was an outlaw. So hated, he received the death penalty. I don't like organized religion, so don't try to save me. Jesus, Abraham and Mohammed worshiped the same God; all would abhor what's being done in their name today.	2024-06-05T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3129
Introduction ============ In several regions of Africa (Sahel) as well as elsewhere, leafy vegetables play an important role in people\'s lives. Indeed, in these areas, leafy vegetables provide income for rural populations, in addition to being a source of essential nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, which often lack from the staple-based meals (Kahane et al. [@b8]). Among these leafy plants, stands baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) wherein its products (leaves, fruits and bark) are used for food and medicinal treatment. The leaves are mostly consumed as leafy vegetables with cereal meals in some West African countries (Sidibe and Williams [@b17]). The nutrients in the leaves are believed to compensate the deficiency of some nutrients such as vitamins and minerals in the cereals. Previous studies reported that baobab leaves contained (terms of Dry Matter) proteins (13--15%), carbohydrates (60--70%), fat (4--10%), fiber (11%), ash (16%), minerals (calcium, magnesium, potassium and iron), and a significant level of vitamins (A, B1, B2, and C); 80% of the energy value which ranges from 1180 to 1900 kJ/100 g is metabolizable energy (Becker [@b1]; Yazzier et al. [@b22]; Nordeide et al. [@b12]; Wickens and Lowe [@b21]). Several studies have been conducted on the distribution, taxonomy, agro-ecology and the variation of the morphology and nutrient content of baobab fruit (Yazzier et al. [@b22]; Nordeide et al. [@b12]; Collière [@b3]; Sidibe and Williams [@b17]; Diop et al. [@b4]; Parkouda et al. [@b16]). However, there are few data on the variation of the biochemical composition of baobab leaves, and much less on their age--age correlation (mother trees compared to progenies). However, it is known that the composition of tree products can be influenced by a combination of genetic and environment effects (Nour et al. [@b13]; Zheng et al. [@b23],[@b24]). Indeed, investigation on the physical characteristics and nutrient content of baobab fruit from 11 populations of baobab showed a high variability in all measured parameters, within and between populations (Parkouda et al. [@b16]). The existence of significant variation of the content of vitamins B1 and B2 and minerals may indicate a possibility for a potential selection and domestication of superior tree for production of seeds to be used in vegetable gardens. The production of leave with high nutrient content from the superior tree can then contribute to alleviate the most important forms of malnutrition in most African countries (deficiencies in micronutrients such as vitamins, iron, and zinc). Consequently, the aim of the present study was to investigate both regional variation and age--age correlation of the biochemical composition of baobab leaves, including vitamins B1, B2, and minerals (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, K, Na, P, and Zn). Material and Methods ==================== Areas of study -------------- Baobab leaf samples (204) were collected in Burkina Faso and Mali. In Burkina Faso, sampling involved three localities in three different phytogeographical zones, namely: Mansila in Yagha Province, Nankoun in Nahouri Province, and Toulfé in Loroum Province (Fig.[1](#fig01){ref-type="fig"}). Samples from Mali used for provenance test included leaves of young plants grown from baobab seeds, which originated from 11 African countries namely: Benin, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Senegal, Sudan, Tanzania, and Togo (Fig.[2](#fig02){ref-type="fig"}). ![Provenance of baobab samples in Burkina Faso for age-age correlation test.](fsn30003-0017-f1){#fig01} ![Provenance of baobab seeds samples used for the provenance test.](fsn30003-0017-f2){#fig02} The provenance tests -------------------- Provenance test was realized at the Agricultural Research Station/Sotuba, Institute of Rural Economy of Mali (12.63°N and 7.91°W). It included seeds from 30 communities (Table[1](#tbl1){ref-type="table"}) from 11 East and West African countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Tanzania, Togo, Senegal, and Sudan). Geographical and climatic data from provenances and experimental plan are detailed in Korbo et al. ([@b10]). ###### Baobab seeds collection sites for the provenance trial Site Country ---- ----------------- -------------- 1 Boukoumbé Benin 2 Dassa 3 Peni Burkina Faso 4 Kolangal 5 Nobéré 6 Kibwezi Kenya 7 Rumphi Malawi 8 Mangochi 9 Kourougué Mali 10 Samé 11 Komodiguili 12 Koumadiobo 13 Zambougou 14 Nabougou 15 Manica Mozambique 16 Torodi Niger 17 Parc w 18 Maradi 19 Bandia Senegal 20 Kordofan sud Soudan 21 Kordofan nord 22 Kordofan ouest 23 Dodoma Tanzanie 24 Iringa 25 Kilimandiaro 26 Morogoro urbain 27 Rivage 28 Morogoro rural 29 Togo 1 Togo 30 Lama The age-age correlation tests ----------------------------- The age--age correlation test was performed on 44 adult baobab trees selected in three localities of three phytogeographical areas in Burkina Faso. The seeds of baobab were harvested and sown at the research station in Sotuba. The experimental plan was a randomized complete block with three repetitions. Each repetition included 30 seeds of each 44 adult baobabs. Preparation of samples ---------------------- Baobab leaves were harvested with a part of their stems, packed into food bags, put immediately in a cooler containing ice for transportation to the laboratory, and stored in a −20°C freezer. The leaves used to perform the provenance test were harvested from 14-month-old (after sowing) seedlings. For the age--age correlation test, leaves were at first, directly collected from 44 adult baobabs, and secondly collected from the 2-month-old seedlings after sowing. To determine vitamin B1 and B2 content, 5 g of fresh leaves of each sample, petiole, and main veins were removed and collected. They were ground with 10 mL of distilled water and using a grinder (Waring Blendor, New Hartford, Connecticut, USA). The resulting homogenate was bottled in containers of 100 mL, and stored in a freezer at −20°C until needed for analysis. To determine mineral content, fresh leaves were dried in the laboratory at room temperature (25°C) and then ground using a porcelain mortar. Five grams of powder from each sample were collected in bags and sent to BUNASOLS (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) for analysis. Three samples were collected from each of the baobab leaves (adult and young plants) and analysis run in duplicate. Chemical analysis ----------------- Water content was determined according to the NF V 03-707: 2000 (AFNOR, [@b1000]). The content is obtained by difference weighing of 5 g of the sample before and after oven-drying (modell 600; Memmert, Schwabach, Germany) at 105 ± 1°C for 12 h. Vitamins B1 and B2 content were determined by a microbiological reference method using VitaFast kits (Art. No. P1006 and P1007, R-Biopharm AG, Darmstadt, Germany) according to the manufacturer\'s instructions (Institute FürProduktqualität GmbH). Briefly, 1 g of the sample was weighed and transferred into a 50 mL sterile centrifuge vial. Twenty milliliter of deionized water was added, shaken and the pH adjusted to 4.5 with HCl. For vitamin B1 determination; 300 mg of taka diastase is added whereas for vitamin B2, 300 mg of taka diastase, and 10 mg of acid phosphatase were added. The mixture was well shaken and incubated for 1 h in the darkness at 37°C. After incubation, 40 mL deionized water was added and the extract was heated for 30 min in a water bath at 95°C (during extraction the vials were well shaken five times). The extract was then quickly chilled down to below 30°C. The clear supernatant was diluted in 1.5 mL sterile vials with sterile water from the test kit. For the next steps, only sterile samples, which were diluted with sterile water from the test kit were pipetted onto the microtiter plate. The plate was incubated at 37°C in the darkness for 48 h. After incubation, the turbidity was measured with microtiter plate reader at 630 nm and the content of vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 determined. The mineral elements were determined in the dried leaves of baobab according to the method described by Houba et al. ([@b6]). Briefly, after Kjeldahl mineralization with sulfuric acid in the presence of salicylic acid and selenium, phosphorus was assayed by an auto analyzer (1000; SKALAR, Erkelenz, Germany); calcium and magnesium were determined by atomic absorption (100; Perkin Elmer, Hamburg, Germany); potassium and sodium were determined using a flame photometer (400; Corning, New York, USA). The other minerals such as iron, copper, manganese, and zinc were determined by atomic absorption after acid digestion in the presence of nitric acid (30%), sulfuric acid (96%), and perchloric acid (70%). Statistical analysis -------------------- For vitamins B1 and B2 provenance trial, data were computed in Excel and analyzed. Statistical analysis was focused on analysis of variance (ANOVA). These analysis were performed with a risk of error P = 5%. The Fisher test was used to compare the differences among means. The comparative study of the minerals between samples was performed by SAS software (Version 6 Edition 1985, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). PRINTCOMP software and CORR are used to test the correlation between minerals of baobabs ancestors and their descendants. The correlation method used was the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. Results and Discussion ====================== Vitamins B1and B2 content related to provenance ----------------------------------------------- The content of vitamins B1 and B2 from provenance trials is reported in Table[2](#tbl2){ref-type="table"}. Baobab leaves from Malawi had the highest content of vitamin B1 (0.41 mg/100 g) whilst those from Mozambique, Tanzania, and Senegal had the lowest content (0.16 mg/100 g). For vitamin B2, the highest content of 1.04 mg/100 g was found in baobab leaves from Senegal and the lowest (0.20 mg/100 g) recorded in baobab leaves from Mozambique. Compared to vitamin B1, vitamin B2 content is higher for all samples except those from Niger and Togo. Significant difference was found in vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 content between countries in general (F values were, respectively, 2.39 and 4.85). Difference on vitamin B1 and B2 level according to provenance has also been reported by Maranz et al. ([@b11]). As reported elsewhere, the difference can be explained mostly by germplasm differences, since the leave samples included in the present study were taken from trees grown in the same field under the same environmental conditions and were analysed using uniform procedures (Maranz et al. 2007). ###### Levels of vitamin B1 and B2 according to the origin (mg/100 g DM) Country Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 -------------- -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Benin 0.39 ± 0.24 ND Burkina Faso 0.31 ± 0.15 0.63 ± 0.32 Kenya 0.18 ± 0.06 0.58 ± 0.27 Malawi 0.41 ± 0.00 0.47 ± 0.22 Mali 0.23 ± 0.09 0.67 ± 0.30 Mozambique 0.16 ± 0.02 0.20 ± 0.01 Niger 0.25 ± 0.08 0.22 ± 0.01 Tanzania 0.16 ± 0.02 0.85 ± 0.34 Togo 0.27 ± 0.06 0.24 ± 0.05 Senegal 0.16 ± 0.06 1.04 ± 0.05 Sudan 0.37 ± 0.14 0.47 ± 0.20 Average 0.26 ± 0.10 0.54 ± 0.27 F value 2.39[1](#tf2-2){ref-type="table-fn"} 4.85[1](#tf2-2){ref-type="table-fn"} ND, not determined. Significant (For each parameter (Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2), at least one country has an average significantly different from the other countries at 95% confidence). Vitamins B1 and B2 content related to age--age correlation ---------------------------------------------------------- The results of vitamin B1 and B2 from age--age correlation tests are reported in Table[3](#tbl3){ref-type="table"}. The highest average value of vitamin B1 (0.28 mg/100 g) was found in adult baobab leaves from Mansila and the lowest (0.15 mg/100 g) in leaves of young plants from Pô. The leaves of adult baobabs from Pô had the highest vitamin B2 content (0.93 mg/100 g), whereas their young plants have the lowest content (0.14 mg/100 g). However, content of vitamin B1 were higher in the leaves of adult baobabs compared with their young plants and contrarily for vitamin B2, which is of higher amount in the leaves of young baobabs. ###### Levels of vitamins B1 and B2: age-age correlation tests (mg/100 g DM) Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 ----------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- Mansila 0.28 ± 0.23 0.22 ± 0.06 0.24 ± 0.39 0.51 ± 0.44 Pô 0.18 ± 0.07 0.15 ± 0.02 0.14 ± 0.04 0.93 ± 0.01 Toulfé 0.21 ± 0.10 0.16 ± 0.03 0.27 ± 0.30 0.50 ± 0.44 Average 0.22 ± 0.05 0.18 ± 0.04 0.22 ± 0.07 0.65 ± 0.25 P value 0.0556[1](#tf3-2){ref-type="table-fn"} 0.7187NS 0.0067[2](#tf3-3){ref-type="table-fn"} 0.12NS NS, not significant. Significant. Very significant. Vitamins B1 and B2 content in baobab leaves were determined to highlight the variability related to provenance origins, and the age--age correlation. A significant difference in vitamin B2 content between adult baobabs (P = 0.0067) was reported in the present study. The average levels of vitamins B1 and B2 from the test of provenance and the test of age--age correlation are similar to those obtained in baobab leaves from the Bla locality (0.33 and 0.77 mg/100 g) and the Cinzana locality (0.41 and 0.86 mg/100 g) in Mali (Maranz et al. [@b11]). The average vitamin B1 content in this study was higher than those in baobab from Senegal (0.13 mg/100 g) (Kerharo [@b9]). The high vitamin B2 content compared to vitamin B1 was also observed in baobab leaves from Mali and Senegal (Kerharo [@b9]; Maranz et al. [@b11]). Indeed, in the previous study, Vialard-Goudou et al. ([@b20]) had noticed that green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin B2.The variation is probably a combination of genetic and environmental effects as reported by Nour et al. ([@b13]) and Zheng et al. ([@b23],[@b24]). Indeed, the composition of products can be influenced significantly by the environment such as soil type, fertilizer, water, or sunlight intensity as reviewed by Chadare et al. ([@b2000]). In the present study, the difference can be explained specifically by the genetic effects since all baobabs were grown in the same habitat. Studies on other species revealed moderate to high heritability for vitamin C and sugar content; for instance high vitamin C heritability have been shown in Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) and Capsium anuum (Cheng et al. [@b3000]; Gelata and Labuschagne [@b4000]); in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) high sugar content heritability under various environments has also been demonstrated (Ober et al. [@b5000]). Minerals content related to provenance -------------------------------------- The results of the minerals content for provenance tests are summarized in Table[4](#tbl4){ref-type="table"}. The data showed a very heterogeneous distribution of these minerals among provenances although leaves were harvested at the same experimental station, and therefore were subject to similar soil composition, climate, and environmental conditions. The disparity is much higher for phosphorus, copper, sodium, and zinc. Baobab leaves from Mozambique showed the highest values of calcium (2458 mg/100 g) and sodium (2.43 mg/100 g); Tanzania held the highest potassium content (2677 mg/100 g) while Mali and Niger, respectively, had the highest concentrations in iron (26.39 mg/100 g) and zinc (17.83 mg/100 g). Leaves of the Baobab tree (A. digitata L.) are widely consumed in semi-arid Africa as a leafy green vegetable (Boffa [@b2]; NRC [@b14], [@b15]). In previous studies, A. digitata leaves have been indeed reported to be a very rich in calcium (Smith et al. [@b18]; Glew et al. [@b5]). Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the mean values of copper, sodium, zinc, and phosphorus between provenance (P = 0.0001). Those of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, and potassium also presented significant differences between provenances with P-value of 0.0008, 0.0088, 0.0059, 0.0011, and 0.0004, respectively. ###### Content of minerals in the leaves according to the origin (mg/100 g DM) Origins Ca Mg P K Cu Fe Mn Na Zn -------------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------- --------------- ---------------- ------------- --------------- Benin 1771 ± 135 685 ± 68 434 ± 94 1226 ± 64 0.51 ± 0.22 15.39 ± 0.79 10.13 ± ± 1.18 1.20 ± 0.09 8.02 ± 2.31 Burkina Faso 2168 ± 419 887 ± 172 337 ± 58 2049 ± 513 0.61 ± 0.18 16.94 ± 8.21 11.94 ± 3.69 1.39 ± 0.27 16.70 ± 7.78 Kenya 1801 ± 360 941 ± 201 457 ± 20 1739 ± 114 0.36 ± 0.16 11.60 ± 1.87 10.11 ± 1.78 1.60 ± 0.07 6.58 ± 0.28 Malawi 2201 ± 336 814 ± 136 333 ± 53 1923 ± 624 0.83 ± 0.22 18.60 ± 6.60 11.20 ± 5.09 1.80 ± 0.41 13.60 ± 8.83 Mali 2252 ± 415 802 ± 219 351 ± 117 1792 ± 462 0.79 ± 0.30 26.39 ± 22.66 12.99 ± 3.54 1.48 ± 0.39 14.87 ± 9.81 Mozambique 2458 ± 288 771 ± 51 478 ± 191 2013 ± 375 0.84 ± 0.32 22.68 ± 15.93 10.21 ± 3.16 2.43 ± 0.43 6.56 ± 3.35 Niger 2215 ± 429 777 ± 233 267 ± 93 1552 ± 551 0.71 ± 0.50 16.91 ± 6.64 11.93 ± 4.27 1.19 ± 0.25 17.83 ± 9.70 Tanzania 1961 ± 360 814 ± 225 372 ± 139 2677 ± 439 0.76 ± 0.28 23.28 ± 7.79 9.37 ± 1.79 1.37 ± 0.29 16.05 ± 11.65 Togo 1820 ± 401 616 ± 78 283 ± 104 1295 ± 32 0.85 ± 0.06 14.04 ± 1.59 16.16 ± 5.83 1.19 ± 0.16 8.41 ± 3.46 Senegal 2366 ± 520 985 ± 92 444 ± 51 1497 ± 227 0.45 ± 0.30 23.34 ± 10.41 15.48 ± 4.24 1.22 ± 0.19 17.71 ± 16.75 Sudan 1923 ± 394 757 ± 119 550 ± 55 1588 ± 236 1.42 ± 0.50 14.60 ± 1.89 10.39 ± 5.25 1.37 ± 0.25 11.12 ± 1.98 P value 0.0008 0.0088 \<0.0001 0.0004 \<0.0001 0.0011 0.0059 \<0.0001 \<0.0001 Minerals content related to age--age correlation ------------------------------------------------ Results of minerals content for the age--age correlation tests are summarized in Table[5](#tbl5){ref-type="table"}. From the data recorded, mineral content are higher in leaves of young baobabs compared to adults with the exception for Nankoun locality with regard to calcium and copper. Young baobabs from Toulfé yielded the highest content of calcium (2140 mg/100 g), magnesium (704 mg/100 g), potassium (2809 mg/100 g), iron (27.22 mg/100 g), manganese (9.27 mg/100 g), and zinc (19.50 mg/100 g). The mother tree of Nankoun had the highest calcium content (3373 mg/100 g) but also the lowest zinc content (5.19 mg/100 g). Statistical analysis showed a significant difference only for calcium (P = 0.0002). The correlation between mineral content of adult baobabs (mother tree) and those of their descendants was positive only for sodium and potassium (Figs[3](#fig03){ref-type="fig"}, [4](#fig04){ref-type="fig"}). The results showed a very heterogeneous distribution of mineral contents between provenances, although the leaves were cultivated and harvested on the same site. This heterogeneity is much greater for phosphorus, copper, sodium, and zinc. The major minerals were calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Iron and zinc contents are also important, however, copper and sodium contents were the lowest. Minerals such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc where found in higher quantities compared to those previously recorded in Mali (Maranz et al. [@b11]): calcium (1235 mg/100 g), potassium (1512 mg/100 g). These results are also higher compared to those recorded in Burkina Faso (Glew et al. [@b5]), Nigeria (Yazzier et al. [@b22]; Nordeide et al. [@b12]), and Senegal (Kerharo [@b9]). The iron content is slightly lower (28 mg/100 g) compared to figures from Mali (Maranz et al. [@b11]). However, it should be noted that the calcium and iron content in baobab leaves are higher than those observed in the leaves of Cassia tora (608 mg/100 g and 6 mg/100 g), Hibiscus sabdariffa (214 mg/100 g and 4.9 mg/100 g); Manihot esculenta (303 mg/100 g and 7.6 mg/100 g), Leptadenia sp (398 mg/100 g and 4.8 mg/100 g), and Ficus gnaphalocarpa (74 mg/100 g and 15.8 mg/100 g) (Toury et al. [@b19]). From the present study, it is shown that calcium and potassium content are very high in leaves of provenance tests (14 months old) and in leaves of young baobabs (2 months old) from the three localities in Burkina Faso. The variation observed in the Baobab leaves with regard to minerals content may have been due to either a different genetic of the plants or probably due to environmental effects and variation in minerals content might be attributed to the environmental and geological conditions in the regions (Ibrahim et al. [@b7]). On other hand, the difference can be explained by the fact that minerals play an important role in the plant by accumulating carbohydrates, maintaining cell turgor and plant resistance to frost, drought, and diseases (<http://www.ecosociosystemes.fr/nutrition_plantes.html>). It could also be said that age affects the mineral content in the leaves of baobab. ###### Content of minerals in the leaves according to the age (mg/100 g DM) Origin Mansila P mansila Nankoun P nankoun Toulfé P toulfé ------------ -------------- --------------- ------------- --------------- -------------- --------------- Calcium 1954 ± 325 2063 ± 205 3373 ± 763 2057 ± 237 1704 ± 703 2140 ± 297 Magnesium 508 ± 93 493 ± 66 490 ± 138 563 ± 83 506 ± 199 704 ± 149 Phosphorus 242 ± 74 577 ± 53 241 ± 63 578 ± 98 207 ± 35 560 ± 145 Potassium 1991 ± 371 2523 ± 117 1751 ± 389 2714 ± 325 1935 ± 470 2809 ± 487 Cupper 0.34 ± 0.26 0.54 ± 0.07 1.05 ± 0.23 0.69 ± 0.19 0.87 ± 0.32 0.82 ± 0.27 Iron 10.32 ± 1.84 19.31 ± 7.67 9.77 ± 2.51 27.18 ± 10.27 10.17 ± 5.56 27.22 ± 10.71 Manganese 7.01 ± 2.68 7.29 ± 1.29 2.55 ± 0.72 8.96 ± 1.66 8.13 ± 3.15 9.27 ± 1.92 Sodium 1.77 ± 0.37 2.31 ± 0.25 1.32 ± 0.29 1.82 ± 0.20 1.57 ± 0.44 2.06 ± 0.58 Zinc 9.80 ± 9.50 13.83 ± 11.26 5.19 ± 2.82 8.43 ± 4.90 7.75 ± 10.43 19.50 ± 1.36 P, young plants. ![Relation between potassium content in the adult baobabs and their descendants.](fsn30003-0017-f3){#fig03} ![Relation between Sodium content in the adult baobabs and their descendants.](fsn30003-0017-f4){#fig04} Conclusion ========== The present study showed that Baobab leaves had a large nutritional potential. Based on the minerals, Vitamin B1 and B2 content, Baobab has a potential to improve nutrition for millions of people in Africa. Indeed, utilization of the edible leaves as vegetables is important as reported elsewhere (NRC [@b14], [@b15]; Parkouda et al. [@b16]). Therefore, baobab leaves could be used in food fortification to alleviate malnutrition problems related to micronutrients such as iron and zinc deficiencies. However, in order to properly manage the potential of Baobab leaves, basic knowledge about the bioavailability of the mineral is still lacking. The baobab leaves quality and safety could be affected by the postharvest processing and storage indicating that it is necessary to study the effect of post-harvest processing on the leaves quality and safety in order to establish good manufacturer practices for producers. This work was supported by the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) through the NUTREE funded project. Conflict of Interest ==================== None declared. [^1]: Funding Information This work was supported by the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) through the NUTREE-funded project.	2024-01-06T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3600
Q: Date difference changing based on timezone I have a server date time which is also CST and a date based of chicago timezone, when i find the difference between two dates the value is different for different timezones. I am not able to get to the problem. Date A is my Chicago time 2019-05-22T04:02:14-05:00 Date B is my server time 2019-05-20T01:39:34-04:00 Hours difference between them 51 when my timezone is set to EST When i change my timezone to IST Date A is my Chicago time 2019-05-22T04:03:34-05:00 Date B is my server time 2019-05-20T01:39:34+05:30 Hours difference between them 60 when my timezone is set to IST Why is there a difference in hours when the dates are same in both the cases? getIntervalTime(dateA, dateB): ITimer { console.log("Date A is my Chicago time", dateA) console.log("Date B is my server time", dateB) console.log(moment.utc(dateA).diff(moment.utc(dateB), "hours")); intervalHours = moment.utc(dateA).diff(moment.utc(dateB), "hours") } A: In your question, you gave two very different server times. They are not referencing the same actual point in time. In each case, 01:39:34 is the local time in the time zone offset provided. 2019-05-20T01:39:34-04:00 (EDT) = 2019-05-20T05:39:34Z (UTC) = 2019-05-20T11:09:34+05:30 (IST) 2019-05-20T01:39:34+05:30 (IST) = 2019-04-19T20:09:34Z (UTC) = 2019-04-19T16:09:34-04:00 (EDT) As you can see just by comparing the UTC times, there is a 9.5 hour difference between these two timestamps. This is also reflected in the difference between the two offsets (5.5 - -4 = 9.5). This is a common source of confusion, as often people view the + or - sign as an operator, and thus think of it as an instruction ("Oh, I see a plus or minus so I must need to add or subtract this value to get to the local time"). But in reality it is not an operator, but the sign of the offset. Positive offset values are ahead of UTC, while negative offset values are behind UTC. (Alternatively one can think of positive offsets as being east of GMT, while negative offsets are west of GMT.) In other words, the date and time portion of an ISO 8601 formatted timestamp are already converted to the context provided. Also note that the time zone of your server won't really matter, nor should it. Now is now - time zones don't change that. Thus, in most cases you should simply use the UTC time.	2024-01-12T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9268
Munich shooting: Police say attacker was of Iranian descent July 23, 2016, 1:59 PM IST Police in Munich, Germany, have said that the lone gunman who killed nine people and wounded 21others at a shopping center before killing himself was an 18-year-old German of Iranian descent. Munich went into lockdown after the teenager gunman opened fire on diners in a McDonald’s restaurant before moving to a nearby shopping mall. Munich police chief Hubertus Andrae said his motive was “completely unclear” and it was too early to say whether it was a terrorist attack, reports The Guardian. According to authorities, the attacker had acted alone despite early reports of multiple shooters. There was no immediate evidence of an Islamist motive. Andrae said that a 15-year-old girl was among the dead, and at least 16 people were in hospital and three were in critical condition. He added the gunman’s body was found in a side street close to the mall and he was not known to police. The gunman at 6 p.m. local time yesterday opened fire at a McDonald’s restaurant outside the Olympia shopping centre, near the site of the 1972 Munich Olympic Games. The video apparently shot outside the restaurant showed passersby fleeing in terror as a gunman with a pistol surveyed the street then calmly and indiscriminately opened firing. German Chancellor Angela Merkel, will convene a meeting with chief of staff Peter Altmaier and Interior Minister Thomas de Maiziere and a host of intelligence officials today to review the incident. This is the second attack in Bavaria in less than a week. After a teenage refugee attacked train passengers near the city of Würzburg with an axe and a knife, leaving two people in intensive care, security forces have been on high alert. Though Islamic State claimed responsibility for the train attack, authorities said the attacker was likely to have acted alone. Today, flags will fly at half mast on official buildings across Germany. Interior Minister, Thomas de Maizière who is flying back from New York, will head straight to Munich to form his own impression of events.	2023-10-31T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1594
Urban housing reform has been regarded as one of the most difficult components of the Chinese economic reforms because of its great significance on the livelihood of all urban residents. Its development and advancement has been slow and progressive over the last two decades until a rather fundamental policy shift in 1998 - the inauguration of the housing monetarization policy. This new initiative seeks to change the housing distribution mechanism from in-kind housing allocation to cash subsidy provision. Different models have since emerged in local governments and culminated finally into two major approaches: namely, the incremental and the holistic approach. Most cities adopt the incremental approach where the status quo of housing distribution in the old system is largely preserved while introducing new rules to new entrants into the system. The degree of success varies tremendously between regions and cities in this approach, and on the whole, the implementation of housing monetarization reform is rather fragmented and unsuccessful. This thesis concerns a successful case that has taken place in an economically backward city - Guiyang, in Guizhou. The thesis aims at analyzing the dynamics of such policy change and its impacts on housing equality and distributive justice. The Guiyang housing model carries important implications on understanding the role of housing reform in economic transition and social development of contemporary China.	2023-10-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9581
In a packet transport network, as shown in FIG. 1, a procedure of establishing a label switched path is that, a source node sends a Path message (connection establishment request message) hop-by-hop to a sink node, where the Path message carries bandwidth request information. After receiving the bandwidth information, each intermediate node on the way completes reserving a bandwidth resource, and allocates the bandwidth resource to a link. After receiving the Path message, the sink node returns a Resv message (connection establishment request response message), and finally a label path is successfully established between the source node and the sink node. With the development of communications technologies, the intermediate node in the packet transport network may be a fiber node, and may also be or a microwave node. One important characteristic of the microwave node is adaptive modulation, which may adjust a modulation manner of a transmit signal according to an external environment, so as to maintain a high link usability, that is, bandwidth of the microwave node is changeable, and has a maximum value and a minimum value. In the prior art, after receiving the Path message sent by the source node, the microwave node may reserve bandwidth for this Path request when the bandwidth is at the minimum value, so as to maintain the high link usability. After analysis of the prior art, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following defects. Because the bandwidth of the microwave node changes in a range, if it is computed when the bandwidth is at the minimum value, the bandwidth resource may not be allocated in most cases, which is a waste of the bandwidth resource. Moreover, if the bandwidth information carried in the Path message is greater than the minimum bandwidth of a microwave link, the microwave node may refuse to establish the link, so that the label switched path cannot be established on this node. For example, minimum bandwidth of one microwave link is 50 Mbps and maximum bandwidth of it is 400 Mbps due to a reason of the adaptive modulation, and assume that the bandwidth request information carried in the Path message sent by an initiating end (source node) when establishing the label switched path is 60 Mbps, if the microwave node reserves the bandwidth information for the path request according to the minimum bandwidth resource of 50 Mbps, the path cannot be established, while in fact a large quantity of bandwidth resources are left idle.	2023-09-19T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8938
Q: DRY views strftime call I have a view of my model with many date fields rendered. What I want to do is call strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M') on each date field I have. - @items.each do \|item\| = item.date_field.strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M') = item.date_field1.strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M') Any ideas on how I can to DRY this? I tried to make to_s method in my model, but unfortunately that doesn't work. Update: I defined this method: def to_s(date) send(date).strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M') end So I can: - @items.each do \|item\| = item.to_s(:date_field) = item.to_s(:date_field1) A: You can create a helper (in application_helper.rb if you are using it application wide) Option 1 def customized_time_format(time) time.strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M') end and make use of it in your views - @items.each do \|item\| = customized_time_format(item.date_field) = customized_time_format(item.date_field1) Option2 # config/locales/en.yml en: time: formats: customized: '%d.%m.%Y %H:%M' And use it - @items.each do \|item\| = l(item.date_field, format: :customized) = l(item.date_field1, format: :customized)	2023-10-14T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3836
659 F.Supp.2d 1094 (2009) Efrain MUNOZ, Leona Lovette and Stephanie Melani, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs, v. PHH CORP., PHH Mortgage Corp., PHH Home Loans, LLC, and Atrium Insurance Corp., Defendants. CIV Case No. 08-0759 AWI DLB. United States District Court, E.D. California. September 18, 2009. 1095 Alan R. Plutzik, Robert M. Bramson, Barroway Topaz Kessler Meltzer and Check, LLP, Walnut Creek, CA, Donna Siegel Moffa, James Maro, Edward W. Ciolko, Joseph H. Meltzer, Terence S. Ziegler, Barroway Topaz Kessler Meltzer and Check LLP, Radnor, PA, Eric G. Calhoun, 1096 Travis and Calhoun, P.C., Dallas, TX, for Plaintiffs. David M. Souders, Weiner Brodsky Sidman Kider PC, Washington, DC, Joseph S. Genshlea, Weintraub Genshlea Chediak, Sacramento, CA, for Defendants. ORDER RE: MOTION ON THE PLEADINGS ANTHONY W. ISHII, Chief Judge. I. History[1] Defendant PHH (which comprises a number of related companies with similar names, including PHH Corporation, PHH Mortgage Corporation, and PHH Home Loans, LLC) provides real estate mortgages nationwide. Defendant Atrium Insurance Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of PHH. Plaintiffs are individuals who obtained mortgages from PHH who provided down payments of less than 20% of the total purchase price of the homes. Those who purchase a home with less than a 20% down payment must generally purchase private mortgage insurance ("PMI") to protect the lender against the risk of default. Borrowers in this situation pay not only their monthly mortgage payment but a monthly PMI premium as well. Plaintiffs allege PHH selected the specific PMI providers Plaintiffs used as part of the mortgage process. These PMI providers pooled the PMI contracts and reinsured with Atrium to spread the risk of default, giving Atrium a portion of the monthly PMI premiums. Plaintiffs allege that the reinsurance is a sham whereby Atrium took on little to no risk and functioned instead as a means of giving PHH a referral fee. Plaintiffs filed suit in federal court on June 2, 2008. Plaintiffs allege that Defendants' PHH's and Atrium's scheme violates Section 8 of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, 12 U.S.C. §§ 2601 et seq. ("RESPA"). This case is a proposed class action of all PHH customers who have been directed to obtain PMI from one of the providers who then reinsured with Atrium. Defendants filed an answer and the present motion for judgment on the pleadings. Plaintiffs oppose the motion. The matter was taken under submission without oral argument. II. Legal Standards Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(c), "After the pleadings are closed but within such time as not to delay the trial, any party may move for judgment on the pleadings." Because the motions are functionally identical, the same standard of review applicable to a Rule 12(b)(6) motion applies to a Rule 12(c) motion. Dworkin v. Hustler Magazine, Inc., 867 F.2d 1188, 1192 (9th Cir.1989). Judgment on the pleadings is appropriate when, taking all the allegations in the nonmoving party's pleadings as true, the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Ventress v. Japan Airlines, 486 F.3d 1111, 1114 (9th Cir.2007). The allegations of the nonmoving party must be accepted as true, while any allegations made by the moving party that have been denied or contradicted are assumed to be false. MacDonald v. Grace Church Seattle, 457 F.3d 1079, 1081 (9th Cir.2006). The facts are viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party and all reasonable inferences are drawn in favor of that party. Living Designs, Inc. v. E.I. 1097 DuPont de Nemours & Co., 431 F.3d 353, 360 (9th Cir.2005). Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6), a claim may be dismissed because of the plaintiff's "failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted." A dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6) may be based on the lack of a cognizable legal theory or on the absence of sufficient facts alleged under a cognizable legal theory. Navarro v. Block, 250 F.3d 729, 732 (9th Cir.2001). "While a complaint attacked by a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to dismiss does not need detailed factual allegations, a plaintiff's obligation to provide the `grounds' of his `entitlement to relief' requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause of action will not do. Factual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above the speculative level, on the assumption that all the allegations in the complaint are true (even if doubtful in fact) . . . . a well-pleaded complaint may proceed even if it strikes a savvy judge that actual proof of those facts is improbable" Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555-56, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007), citations omitted. "[O]nly a complaint that states a plausible claim for relief survives a motion to dismiss. Determining whether a complaint states a plausible claim for relief will, as the Court of Appeals observed, be a context-specific task that requires the reviewing court to draw on its judicial experience and common sense. But where the well-pleaded facts do not permit the court to infer more than the mere possibility of misconduct, the complaint has alleged-but it has not shown that the pleader is entitled to relief." Ashcroft v. Iqbal, ___ U.S. ___, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1950, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009), citations omitted. The court is not required "to accept as true allegations that are merely conclusory, unwarranted deductions of fact, or unreasonable inferences." Sprewell v. Golden State Warriors, 266 F.3d 979, 988 (9th Cir.2001). The court must also assume that "general allegations embrace those specific facts that are necessary to support the claim." Lujan v. Nat'l Wildlife Fed'n, 497 U.S. 871, 889, 110 S.Ct. 3177, 111 L.Ed.2d 695 (1990), citing Conley v. Gibson, 355 U.S. 41, 47, 78 S.Ct. 99, 2 L.Ed.2d 80 (1957), overruled on other grounds at 550 U.S. 544, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 1969, 167 L.Ed.2d 929. Thus, the determinative question is whether there is any set of "facts that could be proved consistent with the allegations of the complaint" that would entitle plaintiff to some relief. Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 514, 122 S.Ct. 992, 152 L.Ed.2d 1 (2002). At the other bound, courts will not assume that plaintiffs "can prove facts which [they have] not alleged, or that the defendants have violated . . . laws in ways that have not been alleged." Associated General Contractors of California, Inc. v. California State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 519, 526, 103 S.Ct. 897, 74 L.Ed.2d 723 (1983). III. Discussion Defendants advance two arguments: PMI reinsurance is an activity not covered under RESPA and Plaintiffs suffered no injury as their monthly PMI premiums were based on rates filed and approved by the applicable state department of insurance. A. Settlement Service The parties dispute whether the reinsurance scheme constitutes a "settlement service" under RESPA. In relevant part, RESPA states: (a) Business referrals. No person shall give and no person shall accept any fee, kickback, or thing of value pursuant to any agreement or understanding, oral or otherwise, that business incident to or a 1098 part of a real estate settlement service involving a federally related mortgage loan shall be referred to any person. (b) Splitting charges. No person shall give and no person shall accept any portion, split, or percentage of any charge made or received for the rendering of a real estate settlement service in connection with a transaction involving a federally related mortgage loan other than for services actually performed. 12 U.S.C. § 2607. the term `settlement services' includes any service provided in connection with a real estate settlement including, but not limited to, the following: title searches, title examinations, the provision of title certificates, title insurance, services rendered by an attorney, the preparation of documents, property surveys, the rendering of credit reports or appraisals, pest and fungus inspections, services rendered by a real estate agent or broker, the origination of a federally related mortgage loan (including, but not limited to, the taking of loan applications, loan processing, and the underwriting and funding of loans), and the handling of the processing, and closing of settlement 12 U.S.C. § 2602(3). The Department of Housing and Urban Development ("HUD") administers and enforces RESPA.[2] Both parties cite to HUD regulations which provided the definition: "Settlement service means any service provided in connection with a prospective or actual settlement, including, but not limited to, any one or more of the following:. . . . (10) Provision of services involving mortgage insurance." 24 C.F.R. 3500.2(b). The regulation appears to clarify the statutory definition by listing more concrete examples of acts which qualify as settlement services. Defendants treat the PMI reinsurance as the activity that must be evaluated: "because mortgage reinsurance is secured after the settlement of a loan, and paid for on an ongoing basis from borrowers' monthly insurance premiums, it does not constitute a `settlement service' under RESPA." Doc. 31, Brief, at 5:17-19. They have focused the analysis on the wrong step. Plaintiffs allege that PHH received a referral fee for directing PMI business to certain providers. The reinsurance is only the means by which the alleged fee is transferred; the PMI itself is the settlement service at issue. Under the plain terms of the HUD regulation, providing PMI does constitute a settlement service covered by Section 2607 of RESPA. Thus, any form of referral fee or split of PMI premiums that are not for services actually performed would constitute a violation. Defendants cite to Bloom v. Martin, 77 F.3d 318, 321 (9th Cir.1996) for the proposition that "RESPA applies only to services performed, and costs payable, at or before the closing of a real estate sale or loan." Doc. 31, Brief, at 5:9-10. The Northern District has dealt with this exact issue (fee sharing for referrals of PMI business through the means of PMI reinsurance): Defendants point out that RESPA only applies to services performed, and costs payable, at or before the closing of the real estate sale or loan. See Bloom v. Martin, 77 F.3d 318, 321 (9th Cir.1996). Defendants contend that because the risk insured by the private mortgage insurer only starts after the closing and 1099 borrowers often pay their premiums after closing, the transaction is not covered by RESPA. Defendants' argument is without merit. The service provided by the private mortgage insurer is clearly a `service provided in connection with a real estate settlement' (12 U.S.C. 2602(3)). Despite defendants' contention otherwise, it is of no matter when the risk insured actually arises or when the borrower actually pays the premium. The costs associated with the private mortgage insurance agreement became payable upon the closing of the transaction. Kay v. Wells Fargo & Co., 247 F.R.D. 572, 576 (N.D.Cal.2007). The court agrees with Kay. In Bloom, the Ninth Circuit found that "RESPA's non-exhaustive list of settlement services also suggests a limitation to costs payable at or before settlement. 12 U.S.C. § 2602(3). All of the services, such as title searches and pest and fungus inspections, are necessary for the closing whereas demand and reconveyance fees are assessed after the closing, when the mortgage is paid off." Bloom v. Martin, 77 F.3d 318, 321 (9th Cir.Cal.1996). When a homebuyer only has a small down payment, lenders require PMI; without PMI, the transaction can not close. Thus, it qualifies as a settlement service under RESPA. B. Filed Rate Doctrine Defendants assert that "because the mortgage insurance rates at issue were filed with and approved by the Pennsylvania and California Departments of Insurance, the filed rate doctrine bars plaintiffs from challenging the reasonableness of those rates in this court." Doc. 31, Brief, at 7:9-11. The filed rate doctrine (or filed tariff doctrine) is a judicially created rule and must be examined specifically in the context of the laws and regulatory structures at issue. The filed rate doctrine originated in Keogh v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway, 260 U.S. 156, 43 S.Ct. 47, 67 L.Ed. 183 (1922), where the Court held that a private shipper could not recover treble damages against railway companies that had set uniform rates duly filed with, and approved by, the Interstate Commerce Commission. Two rationales were offered. First, the regulatory scheme allowed the recovery of damages for illegal rates in proceedings before the ICC; Congress presumably would not have intended a second remedy. Second, carrier rate regulation was primarily intended to prevent the charging of discriminatory rates, an objective which would be disserved by affording antitrust recovery to some shippers but not all. Although the doctrine has been questioned by many including the Supreme Court itself, it lives on to a limited extent. See Square D Co. v. Niagara Frontier Tariff Bureau, Inc., 476 U.S. 409, 106 S.Ct. 1922, 90 L.Ed.2d 413 (1986); MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. AT & T Co., 512 U.S. 218, 234, 114 S.Ct. 2223, 129 L.Ed.2d 182 (1994) Knevelbaard Dairies v. Kraft Foods, Inc., 232 F.3d 979, 992 (9th Cir.2000). In the complaint, Plaintiffs do state that "Plaintiffs and the Class were overcharged for mortgage insurance." Doc. 2, Complaint, at 18:4. In opposition to this motion, Plaintiffs clarify that "Plaintiffs do not dispute that filed rates are per se reasonable under the filed rate doctrine and thus, no action may be brought directly challenging their fairness . . . . the gravamen of Plaintiff's claim is not a challenge to the fairness or reasonableness of the rate charged but rather, a claim for the relief expressly provided to consumers by RESPA to remedy the use of prohibited unfair business practices." Doc. 42, Opposition, at 9:24-25 and 11:1-3, emphasis 1100 in original. The complaint does state, "regardless of whether Plaintiffs and the Class were overcharged for private mortgage insurance, and regardless of the reasonableness or unreasonableness of the rates Plaintiffs paid for private mortgage insurance, under RESPA, Plaintiffs and the Class were, as a matter of law, entitled to purchase settlement services from providers that did not participate in unlawful kickback and/or fee-splitting schemes." Doc. 2, Complaint, at 17:10-15, emphasis in original. Based on these representations, the court understands Plaintiffs' claim to be solely that there were kickbacks or fee splitting in violation of RESPA and not that there was any overcharging. The Northern District, in Kay, addressed this exact issue, and found the filed rate doctrine no bar to suit: Although the Ninth Circuit has yet to rule on the applicability of the filed-rate doctrine to private mortgage insurance, other court decisions indicate an unwillingness to fully bar plaintiffs' RESPA claims. See Kahrer v. Ameriquest Mortg. Co., 418 F.Supp.2d 748, 756 (W.D.Pa.2006); Moore v. Radian Group, Inc., 233 F.Supp.2d 819, 825 (E.D.Tex. 2002). Statutes like RESPA are enacted to protect consumers from unfair business practices by giving consumers a private right of action against service providers. Plaintiffs may not sue under the veil of RESPA if they simply think that the price they paid for their settlement services was unfair. Alternatively, plaintiffs bringing a suit under RESPA may allege a violation of fair business practices through the use of illegal kickback payments. The filed-rate doctrine bars suit from the former class of plaintiffs and not the latter. In the instant action, plaintiff is alleging that she paid an excess amount of money due to a violation of RESPA. As such, the filed-rate doctrine cannot bar her claims from going forward. Kay v. Wells Fargo & Co., 247 F.R.D. 572, 576 (N.D.Cal.2007). The Ninth Circuit has not issued any rulings discussing this issue in the intervening years. More recently, the Eastern District of Pennsylvania has cited favorably to Kay in "conclud[ing] that the filed rate doctrine does not bar the plaintiffs' claim that defendants violated RESPA through an alleged kickback or fee-splitting scheme through their mortgage lender's captive reinsurance arrangement." Reed v. Wash. Mut., Inc., 2008 WL 2600323, 2, 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 50523, 9 (E.D.Pa. June 30, 2008). In an analogous case in the Western District of Washington, plaintiffs sued under Section 2607(a) over referral fees a title insurance company paid to various entities to direct business its way; "Plaintiffs do not directly challenge the reasonableness of the rate, or the quality of the service. Rather, Plaintiffs challenge the fact that Defendants paid illegal inducements to obtain referrals from middlemen." Blaylock v. First Am. Title Ins. Co., 504 F.Supp.2d 1091, 1102 (W.D.Wash. 2007). Though the title insurance premiums were regulated by the state insurance commissioner, the court declined to apply the filed rate doctrine under Washington law. Other district courts have reached the opposite conclusion. See Morales v. Attorneys' Title Ins. Fund, Inc., 983 F.Supp. 1418, 1428 (S.D.Fla.1997) ("their RESPA claims must fall in the face of the filed rate doctrine"). In a non-RESPA case concerning title insurance fees, the Ninth Circuit stated "[defendant] makes much of the fact that the filed rates are the only rates which it may legally charge in Arizona and Wisconsin. However, if those rates were the product of unlawful activity prior to their being filed and were not subjected to meaningful review by the state, then the fact that they were filed 1101 does not render them immune from challenge." Brown v. Ticor Title Ins. Co., 982 F.2d 386, 392-394 (9th Cir.1992). Fundamentally, Plaintiffs are not challenging the PMI premium rates but an alleged unfair business practice. The filed rate doctrine is a complicated field of law. The balance of case law suggests that the doctrine does not bar a RESPA claim in this case. C. Standing Based on this clarified statement of Plaintiffs' claim, Defendants raise the concern that Plaintiffs may lack standing if there is no allegation that PMI premiums would be lower absent the reinsurance scheme. The statutory language reveals that Congress did not require overcharging (or an otherwise lower fee) to be an element of a Section 2607 RESPA claim. The preamble of RESPA states: The Congress finds that significant reforms in the real estate settlement process are needed to insure that consumers throughout the Nation are provided with greater and more timely information on the nature and costs of the settlement process and are protected from unnecessarily high settlement charges caused by certain abusive practices that have developed in some areas of the country. . . . It is the purpose of this Act to effect certain changes in the settlement process for residential real estate that will result (1) in more effective advance disclosure to home buyers and sellers of settlement costs; (2) in the elimination of kickbacks or referral fees that tend to increase unnecessarily the costs of certain settlement services; (3) in a reduction in the amounts home buyers are required to place in escrow accounts established to insure the payment of real estate taxes and insurance; and (4) in significant reform and modernization of local recordkeeping of land title information. 12 U.S.C. § 2601. At base, the concern is with overly high settlement charges. As many courts have noted, Congress could have chosen to directly control the amount companies could charge. See Haug v. Bank of America, 317 F.3d 832, 837 (8th Cir.2003) ("Congress considered and rejected proposed legislation that would have set a system of price controls for settlement services fees"). Instead, Congress decided to address the problem through attacking certain practices whose cumulative effect is often to raise the overall level of fees charged in the market. Congress determined that kickbacks and referral fees are problematic practices and sought to eliminate them. The couched language used to describe their evils, "tend to increase unnecessarily the costs," is telling. Congress does not appear to state that each and every kickback or referral fee scheme unnecessarily raises costs, but rather that they tend to do so collectively. Section 2607 then contains a blanket prohibition on kickbacks and unearned fee-splitting (without singling out only those acts which unnecessarily increase fees) and makes such acts a crime punishable by a fine of $10,000 and one year in prison. 12 U.S.C. § 2607(d)(1). This is a clear Congressional determination that ALL kickbacks, referral fees, and the like are activities subject to Section 2607. Individuals who have paid fees tainted by the prohibited activities can recover "an amount equal to three times the amount of any charge paid for such settlement service." 12 U.S.C. § 2607(d)(2). Again, there is mention or reference to the concept of overcharging in determining the recovery amount; instead of triple the amount of excess fees, recovery is set at triple the amount of total fees. There is every indication 1102 that Congress did not intend to require demonstrable overcharging for standing to sue. The violation allegedly suffered by Plaintiffs is not overcharging but subjection to an illegal business practice. Several courts have stated that direct overcharging is not the core of a Section 2607 claim. See Kruse v. Wells Fargo Home Mortg., Inc., 383 F.3d 49, 56 (2nd Cir.2004) (Section 2607 "clearly and unambiguously does not extend to overcharges"); Durr v. Intercounty Title Co., 14 F.3d 1183, 1186 (7th Cir.1994) ("Harris based his entire RESPA class action on this lone overcharge. The district court determined that this single fact was not enough to state a claim under RESPA, and we agree"); Haug v. Bank of America, 317 F.3d 832, 836 (8th Cir.2003). Instead, the focus must, following the statutory language, be on kickbacks and fee splitting. However, some courts have required some form of overcharge, finding "the purpose of RESPA is to protect individuals `from unnecessarily high settlement charges.' Here, where Plaintiffs have not been overcharged because of any illegal kickback or fee splitting, the court does not construe RESPA's damages provision as authorizing Plaintiffs to sue for damages." Alston v. Countrywide Fin. Corp., 2008 WL 4444243, at 5, 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 76763, 18-19 (E.D.Pa. Sept. 29, 2008), citations omitted; see also Boulware v. Crossland Mortg. Corp., 291 F.3d 261, 265 (4th Cir.2002) ("An overcharge or unearned fee must be present in order for § [2607](b) to apply because the charge must be one `other than for services actually performed.' However, the presence of an overcharge alone, without any portion of the overcharge being kicked back to or split with a third party, is not sufficient to fall within the purview of § [2607](b)"). The Central District of California conducted an in depth analysis of this issue examining both legislative history and HUD regulations, firmly finding "[plaintiff] need not have suffered an overcharge to invoke the protection of RESPA. By its 1983 amendment, Congress created a right to be free from referral-tainted settlement services as demonstrated by both the statute's text and legislative history." Edwards v. First Am. Corp., 517 F.Supp.2d 1199, 1204 (C.D.Cal.2007). Edwards is a well reasoned, persuasive opinion. In another case, the Central District contrasted RESPA with California state law: "Here, Plaintiff has made no allegation that he paid an `excess amount of money' due to a violation of RESPA.... Defendant notes, `The standing requirement under § 17204 is stringent and bears no resemblance to the injury standing required under RESPA or the other claims referenced in the Opposition.' The Court agrees.... To show a distinct and palpable economic injury under the actual injury aspect of the injury in fact prong of § 17204 standing, a plaintiff must plead that he paid more for the insurance due to the referral fee, could have bought the same insurance for a lower price directly from a title insurance company, or was dissatisfied with the insurance or uninformed of its price." Mahoney v. Fid. Nat'l Title Co., 2008 WL 4286934, 3, 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 107413, 7-8 (C.D.Cal., Sept. 15, 2008). In that case, defendants did not challenge standing for RESPA and the court did not sua sponte address the issue. Overall, the statutory language and weight of precedent lead to the conclusion that overcharging is not required for standing under Section 2607. IV. Order Defendants' motion on the pleadings is DENIED. IT IS SO ORDERED. NOTES [1] The factual history is provided for background only and does not form the basis of the court's decision; the assertions contained therein are not necessarily taken as adjudged to be true. The legally relevant facts relied upon by the court are discussed within the analysis. [2] RESPA is a law which provides for regulation of certain aspects of the real estate settlement industry. HUD is charged with public enforcement while persons also have a private right of action.	2024-03-03T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7734
PARIS (Reuters) - Orange, France’s biggest telecoms operator, stopped broadcasting free of charge TV channels controlled by rival Altice Europe in France on Thursday morning as a dispute on fees intensified, a spokesman said. Orange is the second telecoms operator to cut the signal of BFM TV, RMC Découverte and RMC Story from its set-top boxes after Iliad, as it refuses to pay Altice for the right to air them. The conflict arose when Altice, the parent company of telecoms rival SFR, asked its peers to pay a fee to have the right to broadcast its TV channels. Orange’s CEO Stephane Richard said in late August he would refuse to pay such fees. Orange has 12 million subscribers to its bundled telephone, TV and internet offers in France. Altice Europe is confident Orange will very soon resume distributing its channels, a spokesman for the group said.	2024-06-21T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6534
Guidelines for clinical trials in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). I. Disease-modifying interventions. The American College of Rheumatology Committee on Design and Outcomes in Clinical Trials in Systemic Sclerosis. To develop guidelines for therapeutic trials designed to improve the overall course of systemic sclerosis (SSc), that is, to reduce the development of significant organ damage or death. A committee developed general guidelines for patient inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomization, blinding of patients and physicians, controls, duration of the trial, investigator training, responses, samples size, study dropouts, statistical analyses, data management, and safety monitoring. Delphi and nominal group techniques were used. Briefly, patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc of less than 24 months' duration should be included because they are at greatest risk for the development of severe organ damage and death. Patients should be excluded if they have other connective tissue diseases, SSc-like illnesses related to exposures or ingestions, severe existing internal organ damage, an unacceptable risk of side effects, or concurrent therapies that might independently influence the outcome. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are preferred. The treatment and followup period must be long enough to permit observation of any disease modification, which is likely to require 18-36 months, unless an extraordinarily effective therapy is identified. Responses selected should be quantitative, consistently and accurately reflect activity of SSc in major target organs (not solely the skin), be sensitive to change, and be standardized, with limited variability. An example of a set of responses is given. Surrogate responses are desirable, but none have been validated as correlating with organ damage. Guidelines have been established for trials of disease-modifying interventions in SSc. These guidelines will need to be altered as additional information becomes available. Any given protocol will be individualized based on the nature of the intervention and objectives of the study. Nonetheless, each study team should develop a protocol that meets the spirit of these guidelines.	2024-04-06T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2007
Suzanne Blais-Grenier Suzanne Blais-Grenier, (March 2, 1936 – June 13, 2017) was a Canadian politician. Blais-Grenier was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1984 federal election that brought Brian Mulroney to power. She represented the riding of Rosemont, Quebec. She was appointed to the Cabinet as Prime Minister Mulroney's first Minister of the Environment. She faced mounting criticism from environmentalists following cuts to various programs, her lackluster performance over several months when being targeted by the Opposition in the House of Commons during question period and her spending on foreign travel. Blais-Grenier was demoted in 1985 to the position of Minister of State for Transport. Following the demotion, Blais-Grenier became increasingly critical of the Mulroney government. At the end of 1985, she resigned from Cabinet to protest the government's refusal to prevent the closure of an oil refinery in Montreal. On September 20, 1988, she was expelled from the Progressive Conservative caucus for refusing to withdraw allegations of kickbacks involving the Quebec wing of the party. She ran as an independent candidate in the November 1988 general election, but was defeated by Progressive Conservative Benoît Tremblay, and came in fourth place with 2,060 votes. Electoral record (partial) External links Category:1936 births Category:2017 deaths Category:Progressive Conservative Party of Canada MPs Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec Category:Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada Category:French Quebecers Category:Women members of the House of Commons of Canada Category:Women in Quebec politics Category:Members of the 24th Canadian Ministry Category:20th-century Canadian women politicians Category:Women government ministers of Canada	2024-05-10T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7103
The United Arab Emirates, where New York University opened a new campus last year, has barred an N.Y.U. professor from traveling to the monarchy after his criticism of the exploitation of migrant construction workers there. The professor, Andrew Ross, who teaches at the university’s New York campus and specializes in labor issues, said on Monday that he learned over the weekend that he had been barred from the country, ostensibly because of unspecified security concerns. He received the news at Kennedy International Airport, where he was scheduled to board an Etihad Airways flight to Abu Dhabi, the capital and the site of the N.Y.U. campus. He had planned to spend his spring break there, continuing his research on labor conditions. When he tried to check in at the airport, a computer flagged his passport. “I was told I couldn’t board the airplane,” Mr. Ross said. “They called the U.A.E. authorities, and the authorities there said that I was not allowed to enter the country.” Other professors at N.Y.U. said the development renewed questions about academic freedom in the university’s vision for a global university system when large units operate in countries controlled by autocratic governments. N.Y.U. also has a Shanghai campus, as well as more than a dozen smaller centers around the world.	2024-03-29T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8595
Final OKs for Treasure Island near Tools San Francisco city leaders have been working for over a decade to develop the former Naval Station Treasure Island. Over the next few weeks, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors and Planning Commission will have the opportunity to support this project when it comes before them for final approval. This is an economic, housing and environmental opportunity that should not be wasted. Unprecedented in size and scope, this project will transform the former naval base in the middle of the bay into a vibrant and sustainable community that serves as a model for 21st-century development. The project includes approximately 8,000 new units of housing, including a significant amount of affordable housing; three hotels; 450,000 square feet of retail space, a 400-slip marina; a new ferry terminal; an urban farm; and 300 acres of park and open space for residents and visitors to enjoy. As the economy continues to recover, the economic benefits associated with the project cannot be overstated. The project will create 2,000 new construction jobs annually and over 2,500 new permanent jobs from island businesses, recreational and commercial uses. Once complete, the redevelopment will generate significant new dedicated revenues and contribute towards citywide programs such as parks and recreation, transit services and more. These benefits will be created without impacting The City’s general fund and without new taxes. Treasure Island will also become the greenest community in America. Not only will the island’s buildings be constructed to the highest environmental standard, the project will incorporate the newest technologies for energy efficiency, water conservation and waste management. The project is The City’s largest open-space project since the creation of Golden Gate Park and was recently announced as one of the founding projects of the Clinton Climate Initiative’s Climate Positive Development Program. Critics of the project contend that added development on Treasure Island will increase traffic on the Bay Bridge and contribute to the region’s air pollution. These concerns have been addressed through more than 150 public meetings and 10 years of planning and input from residents, city agencies, environmental groups and community organizations. The final plan for the development prioritizes walking, biking and public transit, and clusters housing and office buildings near a new ferry terminal. Following the tsunami in Japan, the safety of the island has also come into question. But these concerns have already been addressed in the design plans which include elevated and compacted ground capable of enduring large-scale earthquakes, wave run-ups and potential sea-level rise. Additionally, our region’s seismic vulnerability is different than Japan’s, and therefore the Bay Area is unlikely to suffer from the type of tsunami that so devastated Japan. Now is the time to act on this important project to our city, our work force and our economy. San Francisco’s business and labor communities are united in urging the Treasure Island Development Authority, the Planning Commission and the Board of Supervisors to approve the Treasure Island Redevelopment before it’s too late. Steven Falk is president and CEO of the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce. Mike Theriault is secretary-treasurer of the San Francisco Building Construction Trades Council.	2024-04-25T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7496
Fred Eggan Frederick Russell Eggan (September 12, 1906 in Seattle, Washington – May 7, 1991) was an American anthropologist best known for his innovative application of the principles of British social anthropology to the study of Native American tribes. He was the favorite student of the British social anthropologist A. R. Radcliffe-Brown during Radcliffe-Brown's years at the University of Chicago. His fieldwork was among Pueblo peoples in the southwestern U.S. Eggan later taught at Chicago himself. His students there included Sol Tax. His best known works include his edited volume Social Anthropology of North American Tribes (1937) and The American Indian (1966). His wife, Dorothy Way Eggan (1901–1965), whom he married in 1939, was also an anthropologist. Introduction Frederick Eggan was a North American anthropologist in the 20th century and part of the anthropology department at the University of Chicago. He is a world-renowned social anthropologist, most famous for his works in the Southwest involving the Hopi Indians and many of the social changes that take place within the Western Pueblos. Ernest L. Schusky claims Fred Eggan is a founder of modern American anthropoly's eclectic approach, which combines the functionalism of Radcliffe-Brown with the historical approach of Franz Boas. In a paper titled “Among the Anthropologist,” Eggan answers a question posed by Margaret Mead: “Shouldn’t we all be branches of one human science?” Eggan states that anthropology should center on man and his works, while providing a spectrum of specialized fields which interlock with those of the social and behavioral sciences. Background Frederick Eggan was born in Seattle, Washington on September 12, 1906 to Alfred Eggan and Olive Smith. Eggan earned his master's degree in psychology with a minor in anthropology from the University of Chicago in the early 20th century. He received his PhD in anthropology from the same university several years later with a doctoral thesis entitled “Social Organization of the Western Pueblos” analyzing the social organization of Pueblo Indians in the Southwest. Fred was an active member in the discipline of anthropology at a critical time when new technologies and methods were being invented for archeological purposes. He mentions these innovations in his paper on “Social Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Comparison.” He speaks of the new aids to anthropological research such as radiocarbon dating, genetics, and the experimental method which are just a few of the many rapid technological advances that had taken place to aid the discipline in this time. Eggan married Dorothy Way in 1938; she was also an anthropologist of the Hopi. Fred died in his house in Santa Fe, New Mexico from heart failure on May 7, 1991; he was 84. Employment history Fred Eggan served as chairman at the University of Chicago of the department of anthropology; he was also president of the American Anthropological Association. He was also employed as a professor of psychology, sociology, and history at Wentworth Junior College and Military Academy in Missouri before he obtained his PhD. Eggan also worked as a research assistant to Radcliffe-Brown at the University of Chicago, researching the social organization of Native American tribes. During his time teaching at the University of Chicago, Frederick held several positions. He was employed as an assistant professor (1940–1942), an associate professor (1942–1948), and professor (1948–1963). Fred retired from teaching in 1974. He addressed the connection between anthropology and the educational system in the following terms “Anthropology and education should have close working relations. Educators are occupied by the task of keeping the operations going, particularly in this period of changing models, and have little time or opportunity to step outside their educational institutions and them as a system in the society as a whole. He was also the director of the Philippine Studies Program at the University of Chicago. Eggan also held a prominent position for the Philippine government during World War II as chief of research. Awards and honors Frederick Eggan was president of the American Anthropological Association from 1953 to 1954. He was also awarded the Weatherhead Resident Scholar in 1979 by the School for Advanced Research for his work entitled “The Great Basic Background of Hopi Culture History. He also received the Viking Fund medal in 1956. Towards the end of Frederick Eggan’s career in the 1960s, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, as well as to the National Academy of Sciences. Key field work Frederick Eggan has participated in several field studies at many different locations. Some of these sites include: Santa Fe where he lived with the Hopi Indians for a summer (1932), Mississippi and Oklahoma where his research was focused on primarily the Choctaw, Cheyenne, and Arapaho Indians (1933), and the Northern Philippines where he studied social changes in the Ifugao, Bontok, Tinguian, and Ilocano Indians (1934–1935). Research emphasis Eggan’s research has been primarily focused on “Native American kinship and social systems”, making use of archeological, linguistic, and general ethnographic evidence. With his work in North America, Eggan attempted to create a theory to illuminate Boasian empiricism, which was a theory developed by Franz Boas that all knowledge was derived from sense-experience. Eggan's work in Santa Fe analyzed each Western Pueblo social structure and compared and contrasted them to the Eastern Pueblos. His most important contribution to archeology, and possibly anthropology in general, was his demonstrations how the variations currently observed in the Pueblo social structures are related to cultural adaptations to ecological niches. Eggan's time spent studying the Cheyenne and Arapaho served as a basis for one of his most famous works, “Social Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Comparison.” He demonstrated how it was possible for the Cheyenne to change from a predominantly agricultural based lineage type kinship system to a system that was predominantly nomadic involving a heavy dependence on hunting and gathering in bands to increase their efficiency. Eggan theorized from his extensive research that this was a result of being forced by other tribes onto the Plains out of their land, which was in present-day Minnesota. The result of Eggan's work in the Philippines can be found in his paper on “Cultural Drift and Social Change.” It is in this paper that he claims as one travels from the interior down to the coast, there are patterned series of changes in a definite direction in many important cultural institutions such as social, political, economic, and religious. Selected papers The Maya kinship system and cross-cousin marriage. Am. Anthropol. 36:188–202. Ed. Social Anthropology of North American Tribes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. The Cheyenne and Arapaho kinship systems. In Social Anthropology of North American Tribes, ed. F. Eggan, pp. 35–95. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Historical changes in the Choctaw kinship system. Am. Anthropol. 39:34–52. Some aspects of culture change in the northern Philippines. Am. Anthropol. 43:11–18. The Hopi and the lineage principle. In Social Structure: Studies Presented to A.R. Radcliffe-Brown, ed. M. Fortes, pp. 121–144. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Social Organization of the Western Pueblos. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. The ethnological cultures and their archaeological backgrounds. In Archaeology of the Eastern United States, ed. J. B. Griffin, pp. 35–45. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Social anthropology and the method of controlled comparison. Am. Anthropol. 56:743–761. Ed. Social Anthropology of North American Tribes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2nd edition. Social anthropology: methods and results. In Social Anthropology of North American Tribes, ed. F. Eggan, pp. 485–551. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Ritual myths among the Tinguian. J. Am. Folklore 69:331–339. With W. L. Warner. A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, 1881–1955. Am. Anthropol. 58:544–547. Glottochronology: a preliminary appraisal of the North American data. In Proceedings, 32nd International Congress of Americanists, pp. 645–653. Copenhagen: Munksgaard. With R. H. Lowie. Kinship terminologies. Encyclopædia Britannica vol. 13, pp. 407–409. Cultural drift and social change. (Papers in honor of Melville J. Herskovits) Curr. Anthropol. 4:347–355. Alliance and descent in a western Pueblo society. In Process and Pattern in Culture, ed. R. Manners, pp. 175–184. Chicago: Aldine Press. The American Indian: Perspectives for the Study of Social Change. Chicago: Aldine Press. From history to myth: a Hopi example. In Studies in Southwestern Ethnolinguistics, ed. D. Hymes, pp. 33–53. The Hague: Mouton. Lewis Henry Morgan's Systems: a reevaluation. In Kinship Studies in the Morgan Centennial Year, ed. P. Reining, pp. 1–16. Washington, D.C.: Anthropological Society of Washington. Among the anthropologists. Annu. Rev. Anthropol. 3:1–19. Pueblos: introduction. In Handbook of the North American Indians, Vol. 9: Southwest, ed. A. Ortiz, pp. 224–235. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. With T. N. Pandey. Zuni history: 1850–1970. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 9: Southwest, ed. A. Ortiz, pp. 474–484. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. Beyond the bicentennial: the future of the American Indian in the perspectives of the past. J. Anthropol. Res. 34:161–180. Shoshone kinship structures and their significance for anthropological theory. J. Steward Anthropol. Soc. 11:165–193. Comparative social organization. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 10: Southwest, ed. A. Ortiz, pp. 723–743. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. Some aspects of culture change in the northern Philippines”. ‘’Am. Anthropol’’. 43:11–18. 1941 References External links http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1991-05-09/news/9102110043_1_hopi-indians-north-american-tribes-american-anthropological-association http://www.nap.edu/readingroom.php?book=biomems http://news.lib.uchicago.edu/blog/2009/08/28/fred-eggan-papers http://sarweb.org/?resident_scholar_fred_eggan-p:resident_scholar_weatherhead_fellowship_recipients http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/09/obituaries/fred-russell-eggan-is-dead-at-84-a-retired-anthropology-professor.html http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/biographies/39004494/fred-russell-eggan http://www.wennergren.org/history/other-programs/viking-fund-medal National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir Biography Category:1906 births Category:1991 deaths Category:American anthropologists Category:University of Chicago alumni Category:Guggenheim Fellows	2024-07-25T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1869
Police say Lapaglia shot 59-year-old John Parkes Jr. sometime after Parkes’ fiancee’ — the suspect’s aunt — left their home in Kennedy Township on July 21. That woman, Carol Lapaglia, found Parkes dead hours later. Police say they were tipped off by a pawn shop where Michael Lapaglia allegedly tried to sell some stolen jewelry the day Parkes was killed. Police say the suspect’s aunt cried when they showed her pictures of the jewelry, which she identified as hers, Parkes’ or her mother’s.	2023-08-19T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9204
Toxicity of sediment-associated substituted phenylamine antioxidants on the early life stages of Pimephales promelas and a characterization of effects on freshwater organisms. Substituted phenylamine antioxidants (SPAs) are high production volume chemicals that are incorporated into a variety of commercial products (e.g., polymers, dyes, lubricants). There are few data on chronic toxicity of SPAs to fish and no data on the toxicity of SPAs to the early life stages of fish. The physicochemical properties of SPAs would suggest that if they were to enter an aquatic ecosystem they would partition into sediment. Therefore, the present study focused on investigating the chronic effect of sediment-associated SPAs to the early life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Eggs and larvae were exposed to sediment spiked with diphenylamine (DPA), N-phenyl-1-napthylamine (PNA), N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPDA), or 4,4'-methylene-bis[N-sec-butylaniline] (MBA). The most sensitive endpoint for DPA, PNA, and DPPDA was total survival with 21-d median lethal concentrations (LC50s) based on concentration in overlying water of 1920, 74, and 35 μg/L, respectively. The most sensitive endpoint for MBA was growth with a 21-d median effective concentration (EC50) of 71 μg/L. The same endpoints were the most sensitive in terms of concentrations of DPA, PNA, DPPDA, and MBA in sediment (101, 54, 111, and 76 μg/g dry wt, respectively). Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were constructed for each SPA based on acute and chronic toxicity data generated in the present study and found in the literature. Overall, P. promelas was in the midrange of chronic sensitivity, with the most sensitive species being Tubifex tubifex. The SSDs indicate that DPA based on concentration in water is the least toxic to aquatic biota of the 4 SPAs investigated. The constructed SSDs indicate that a concentration in water and sediment of 1 μg/L and 1 μg/g dry weight, respectively, would be protective of >95% of the aquatic species tested. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2730-2738. © 2017 SETAC.	2023-11-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/6223
Zac Efron’s Insane Body Transformation Through The Years! Zac Efron Shirtless On The Set Of ‘Baywatch’ Zac Efron has come a long way since his days as a High School Musical star. The actor, who is currently filming Baywatch, has invested serious time working on his body and the results are showing! Click through the photos to see Zac’s insane body transformation over the years! 2 of 11 Photo credit: Splash Photo credit: Splash EXCLUSIVE: Zac Efron shirtless with his girlfriend Vanessa Hudgens on a beach in Hawaii The 28-year-old told Men’s Fitness that he’s in the best shape of his life right now, and we’d believe it! 3 of 11 shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale You can check out his hot body in the Men's Fitness issue on news stands now! 4 of 11 Photo credit: FameFlynet Photo credit: FameFlynet Exclusive… Zac Efron Leaving The Doctor’s Office “Right now I’m probably the physically strongest I’ve ever felt,” Efron revealed. “Not in terms of bench press or how much I can squat, but in how quickly I could get out of this room and destroy everything in my path.” 5 of 11 Photo credit: Splash Photo credit: Splash EXCLUSIVE: Zac Efron goes surfing in Hawaii. Zac is looking jacked and more shredded than ever these days, reaching an impressive 5 percent body fat thanks to his outrageous diet plan! 6 of 11 shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale Efron's steel abs are on full display in the Men’s Fitness issue on sale now! 7 of 11 Photo credit: FameFlynet Photo credit: FameFlynet Stars On The Set Of ‘Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising’ In Los Angeles The actor has been breaking a sweat with his muscle-bound friend The Rock, who is also starring in the film. 8 of 11 Photo credit: AKM-GSI Photo credit: AKM-GSI Zac Efron and Robert De Niro strip for a flex off on the set of “Zac committed to be the best version of himself possible and did it,” The Rock told the magazine. “He’s reached nirvana—muscle nirvana.” 9 of 11 shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale You can see his amazing body results in the Men's Fitness issue on sale now! 10 of 11 Photo credit: AKM-GSI Photo credit: AKM-GSI Zac Efron goes Shirtless on stage at the MTV Movie Awards The actor has been showing off his amazing six-pack and we certainly aren’t complaining! 11 of 11 Photo credit: FameFlynet Photo credit: FameFlynet Exclusive… ‘Baywatch’ Cast Take Running Group Shots On The Beach For more photos of Zac's hot body pick up the latest issue of Men's Fitness, on newsstands now! Zac Efron Shirtless On The Set Of ‘Baywatch’ Zac Efron has come a long way since his days as a High School Musical star. The actor, who is currently filming Baywatch, has invested serious time working on his body and the results are showing! Click through the photos to see Zac’s insane body transformation over the years! EXCLUSIVE: Zac Efron shirtless with his girlfriend Vanessa Hudgens on a beach in Hawaii The 28-year-old told Men’s Fitness that he’s in the best shape of his life right now, and we’d believe it! shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale You can check out his hot body in the Men's Fitness issue on news stands now! Exclusive… Zac Efron Leaving The Doctor’s Office “Right now I’m probably the physically strongest I’ve ever felt,” Efron revealed. “Not in terms of bench press or how much I can squat, but in how quickly I could get out of this room and destroy everything in my path.” EXCLUSIVE: Zac Efron goes surfing in Hawaii. Zac is looking jacked and more shredded than ever these days, reaching an impressive 5 percent body fat thanks to his outrageous diet plan! shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale Efron's steel abs are on full display in the Men’s Fitness issue on sale now! Stars On The Set Of ‘Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising’ In Los Angeles The actor has been breaking a sweat with his muscle-bound friend The Rock, who is also starring in the film. Zac Efron and Robert De Niro strip for a flex off on the set of “Zac committed to be the best version of himself possible and did it,” The Rock told the magazine. “He’s reached nirvana—muscle nirvana.” shirtless Zac Efron-on-sale You can see his amazing body results in the Men's Fitness issue on sale now! Zac Efron goes Shirtless on stage at the MTV Movie Awards The actor has been showing off his amazing six-pack and we certainly aren’t complaining! Exclusive… ‘Baywatch’ Cast Take Running Group Shots On The Beach For more photos of Zac's hot body pick up the latest issue of Men's Fitness, on newsstands now!	2023-08-25T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3660
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and Sociology, University of Nairobi, Kenya Master of Arts degree in Culture and Environment in Africa (CEA), University of Cologne, Germany Professional experience Worked as a Research Assistant in the Resilience, Collapse and Reorganisation in Socio-Ecological Systems of African Savannas,a research program initiated by the Institute of Ethnology at the University of Cologne and implemented among pastoralists groups in Northwestern Kenya Supervisors ofdoctoral work Prof. Dr. Michael Bollig, Prof. David Anderson Advisor at ZEF Dr. Papa Sow 2017 Okumu, W..2017.Cattle Raids, Violence and Pastoralists Livelihoods in Northern Kenya-the Case of the Turkana and Samburu Communities.Doctoral Thesis atFaculty of Arts, University of Bonn.Further Information 2014 Okumu, W..2014.Conflict over Ltungai Conservancy A Case of Fatal Competition over Grazing Land and Water among the Samburu and Pokot in north-western Kenya.In: Mulugeta Gebrehiwot Berhe (eds.): A Delicate Balance Land Use, Minority Rights and Social Stability in the Horn of Africa. Institute of Peace and Security Studies (IPSS) Addis Ababa University.224-245.Download [PDF \| 333.33KB] Worked as a Research Assistant in the Resilience, Collapse and Reorganisation in Socio-Ecological Systems of African Savannas,a research program initiated by the Institute of Ethnology at the University of Cologne and implemented among pastoralists groups in Northwestern Kenya Degrees Bachelor of Arts in Political Science and Sociology, University of Nairobi, Kenya Master of Arts degree in Culture and Environment in Africa (CEA), University of Cologne, Germany Funding institutions BMZ via DAAD (Right Livelihood College), Foundation Fiat panis Thesis title Trans-local Peace Building among Pastoralists Communities in Kenya-The Case of Laikipia Peace Caravan Thesis abstract f089_Okumu_Trans-local Peace Building Among Pastoralists Communities in Kenya-the Case of Laikipia Peace Caravan.pdf	2024-04-16T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2641
This picture is of a narrow, bigoted collection of pious people who wish to impose their politics and religion on the United States. It is reinforced by the likes of James Dobson, an influential religious leader who recently pronounced a Republican presidential hopeful, Fred Thompson, as insufficiently Christian. There is another portrait. It is contained in an interesting book, 'Applebee's America,' written by Ron Fournier, a journalist; Doug Sosnik, formerly a political strategist for President Bill Clinton; and Matthew Dowd, who helped run President George W. Bush's 2004 campaign. It focuses on the megachurches, home to much of the evangelical Christian movement."	2024-04-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9375
Mazen Saadeh faces a problem. In trying to expand the facilities of the campground and restaurant he manages in Beit Jala, near Bethlehem, he risks attracting the attention of the Israeli authorities tasked with halting Palestinian construction. Hosh Jasmin, the cooperative farm and tourist destination that Saadeh manages with his partner Aidan Pendleton, is located in the West Bank’s Area C, meaning it lies on Palestinian land under complete Israeli civil and military control. Area C and Hosh Jasmin are under full occupation, a situation that brings with it many challenges, including the threat of demolition. A restaurant just across the valley from Hosh Jasmin has been demolished by the Israeli military three times. “We need to build. But it’s hard, and it’s forbidden,” Saadeh said. “If we add a centimeter, the Israelis will come and demolish it. Not demolish what we added — they will demolish everything. So it’s a big challenge.” In response, Saadeh has come up with a unique solution: Since building on the land is prohibited, he builds in the trees. Saadeh and volunteers at Hosh Jasmin recently completed construction on one treehouse, and they plan to build two more in the coming months. They have also built additional rooms on top of existing structures in a way that allows them to circumvent the language of the law. The treehouses will be used as rooms for visitors to stay overnight when they visit Hosh Jasmin. Currently, visitors can stay in tents for 50 shekels — around $14. Hosh Jasmin attracts a wide range of foreign and Palestinian tourists, and it was featured in the Israeli newspaper Haaretz last year under the headline “Growing Figs in a Place of War.” But Hosh Jasmin is more than a simple hotel. Taking its name from one used for shared spaces common in Syrian communities, Hosh Jasmin is meant to become a model community where food is produced on-site. In addition to the restaurant and campsite, Hosh Jasmin is home to a farm with 11 kinds of vegetables, as well as chickens, rabbits and sheep. Saadeh’s goal is to eventually serve only food produced on the farm, all grown organically. “I am sorry to say it, but Palestinian farmers, like Israeli farmers, use huge quantities of chemicals,” Saadeh said. “What you buy in the market is not good.” Saadeh became concerned about the quality of food produced in Palestine after a friend of his, an agricultural engineer at Bethlehem University, showed him a study he had done on the amount of chemicals used in Palestinian agriculture. “He found 38 percent of that fruit and that vegetable are poisonous,” Saadeh recalls. “He told me, when you go to the market, don’t buy the beautiful apple or beautiful tomato. Buy the bad one, with a bad look. Because a bad look is more natural than a good look.” According to the Applied Research Institute of Jerusalem, over 490 tons of pesticides are used in the West Bank each year, including about 200 tons of methyl bromide, a highly toxic chemical phased out of use in the United States and Europe in the early 2000s. There is widespread use of 14 different pesticides that are, according to the institute, “internationally suspended, canceled or banned.” But the Hosh Jasmin project extends well beyond the production of healthier food. The volunteers, employees and owners of Hosh Jasmin are actively constructing a new model for life in Area C. Saadeh said an important part of that project is supporting Palestinian work; all of the food Hosh Jasmin buys is produced in Palestine. “Even the kind of beers we offer is the Palestinian one. It’s very powerful, I think. It’s all Palestinians, with Palestinian hands, with Palestinian farmers from Palestinian areas,” Saadeh said. Casey Asprooth-Jackson, an American who spent several weeks in Hosh Jasmin and helped construct the first treehouse, had previously worked with a community-supported agriculture project in Upstate New York. He explained what he sees as the similarities and differences between agricultural projects in Palestine versus the rest of the world. “The way that people live in most places in the world, there’s a disconnection between the land and your life, and that’s something that we want to intercede in and break,” he said. “Here, it’s even further because there is an occupation.” The demographics of Hosh Jasmin’s employees reflect a commitment to improving life under occupation. All seven of the employees come from Palestinian refugee camps in Bethlehem, Nablus and Qalandiya — areas where it’s often difficult if not impossible to secure a decent job. Alaa Qsass, a Hosh Jasmin employee from Dheisheh refugee camp in Bethlehem, said there are two reasons he prefers working in Hosh Jasmin to working in the camp. “One of them is that, in the camp, it’s not allowed to you to have a lot of kinds of work. Just the [low-quality] jobs,” he said. “But the other reason is, you know camp is very, very, very—there’s no space in the camp, you know? You can’t see this view in the camp and you can’t see any tree, actually, in the camp. You can’t walk in the mountain like that. You can’t smell air like that.” Despite the advantages of working at Hosh Jasmin, Qsass said, there are also difficulties and dangers related to the farm’s status in Area C. “There’s danger to working in Area C. Some nights we worked here, and the Israeli police came and took photos of us. And sometimes they stop us when we come here and ask us questions,” he said. Another employee at Hosh Jasmin, Jehad Afaghani, was born in Balata refugee camp in Nablus and spent four months working on the farm. He said he thinks Hosh Jasmin represents a model that could be exported to other parts of Area C to improve living conditions around the West Bank. “It’s a fantastic way to resist, you know? You don’t need to be in contact with the army, but you can improve yourself by existing in one place,” he said. “You could bring back life to Area C.”	2024-07-26T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7210
Q: How to test whether one of two values present in numpy array or matrix column on single pass? Take a matrix like the following: import numpy as np m = np.matrix([[1,1], [2,0], [3,1], [5,1], [5,0]]) Then take two test values: n1 = 4 n2 = 1 How can I test for both of them (it's guaranteed that only one if any at all will be present) and return that value? Doing two passes is simple enough: if n1 in m[:, 0]: return n1 if n2 in m[:, 0]: return n2 What's the best numpy way to consolidate to a single look through m[:, 0]? A: If you need simplicity and readability , the simplest can be found with set logic : {1,4} & set(m[:,0]) Furthermore, the data is actually read exactly one time.	2024-01-27T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/3862
/* * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. / package com.colorcloud.wifichat; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Fragment; import android.app.ProgressDialog; import android.content.Context; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.net.wifi.WpsInfo; import android.net.wifi.p2p.WifiP2pConfig; import android.net.wifi.p2p.WifiP2pDevice; import android.net.wifi.p2p.WifiP2pInfo; import android.os.AsyncTask; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import com.colorcloud.wifichat.DeviceListFragment.DeviceActionListener; import com.colorcloud.wifichat.WiFiDirectApp.PTPLog; /* * A fragment that manages a particular peer and allows interaction with device * i.e. setting up network connection and transferring data. / public class DeviceDetailFragment extends Fragment { private static final String TAG = "PTP_Detail"; protected static final int CHOOSE_FILE_RESULT_CODE = 20; private View mContentView = null; private WifiP2pDevice device; private WifiP2pInfo info; ProgressDialog progressDialog = null; WiFiDirectApp mApp = null; @Override public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState); mApp = (WiFiDirectApp)getActivity().getApplication(); } @Override public void onAttach(Activity activity){ super.onAttach(activity); // onAttach -> onCreate -> onCreateView -> onActivityCreated -> onStart -> onResume } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { mContentView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.device_detail, null); // connect button, per mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_connect).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { WifiP2pConfig config = new WifiP2pConfig(); config.deviceAddress = device.deviceAddress; config.wps.setup = WpsInfo.PBC; config.groupOwnerIntent = 0; // least inclination to be group owner. if (progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()) { progressDialog.dismiss(); } progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(getActivity(), "Press back to cancel", "Connecting to :" + device.deviceAddress, true, true, // cancellable new DialogInterface.OnCancelListener() { @Override public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) { ((DeviceActionListener) getActivity()).cancelDisconnect(); } }); // perform p2p connect upon user click the connect button, connect available handle when connection done. ((DeviceActionListener) getActivity()).connect(config); } }); mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_disconnect).setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { ((DeviceActionListener) getActivity()).disconnect(); } }); // p2p connected, manager request connection info done, group owner elected. mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_start_client).setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { // Allow user to pick an image from Gallery or other registered apps Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); intent.setType("image/"); //startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_FILE_RESULT_CODE); Log.d(TAG, "start_client button clicked, start chat activity !"); ((WiFiDirectActivity)getActivity()).startChatActivity(null); // no init msg if started from button click. } }); return mContentView; } @Override public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { // User has picked an image. Transfer it to group owner i.e peer using // FileTransferService. Uri uri = data.getData(); TextView statusText = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.status_text); statusText.setText("Sending: " + uri); Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "Intent----------- " + uri); Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(getActivity(), FileTransferService.class); serviceIntent.setAction(FileTransferService.ACTION_SEND_FILE); serviceIntent.putExtra(FileTransferService.EXTRAS_FILE_PATH, uri.toString()); serviceIntent.putExtra(FileTransferService.EXTRAS_GROUP_OWNER_ADDRESS, info.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); serviceIntent.putExtra(FileTransferService.EXTRAS_GROUP_OWNER_PORT, 8988); getActivity().startService(serviceIntent); } /** * p2p connection setup, proceed to setup socket connection. / public void onConnectionInfoAvailable(final WifiP2pInfo info) { if (progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()) { progressDialog.dismiss(); } this.info = info; this.getView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); // The owner IP is now known. TextView view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.group_owner); view.setText(getResources().getString(R.string.group_owner_text) + ((info.isGroupOwner == true) ? getResources().getString(R.string.yes) : getResources().getString(R.string.no))); // InetAddress from WifiP2pInfo struct. view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.device_info); view.setText("Group Owner IP - " + info.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable: " + info.groupOwnerAddress.getHostAddress()); if (info.groupFormed && info.isGroupOwner) { //new FileServerAsyncTask(getActivity(), mContentView.findViewById(R.id.status_text)).execute(); Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable: device is groupOwner: startSocketServer done "); } else if (info.groupFormed) { Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable: device is client, connect to group owner: startSocketClient done "); ((TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.status_text)).setText(getResources().getString(R.string.client_text)); } if( ! mApp.mIsServer && mApp.mMyAddr == null ){ Toast.makeText(mApp, "Connect to Server Failed, Please try again...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); PTPLog.d(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable : connect to serve failed...try again ! "); }else{ // hide the connect button and enable start chat button mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_connect).setVisibility(View.GONE); mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_start_client).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); PTPLog.d(TAG, "onConnectionInfoAvailable: socket connection established, show start chat button ! "); } } /* * Updates the UI with device data * * @param device the device to be displayed / public void showDetails(WifiP2pDevice device) { this.device = device; this.getView().setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); TextView view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.device_address); view.setText(device.deviceAddress); view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.device_info); view.setText(device.toString()); } /* * Clears the UI fields after a disconnect or direct mode disable operation. / public void resetViews() { PTPLog.d(TAG, "resetViews: detail frag dismiss progress dialog and clear views"); if (progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()) { progressDialog.dismiss(); } mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_connect).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); TextView view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.device_address); view.setText(R.string.empty); view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.device_info); view.setText(R.string.empty); view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.group_owner); view.setText(R.string.empty); view = (TextView) mContentView.findViewById(R.id.status_text); view.setText(R.string.empty); mContentView.findViewById(R.id.btn_start_client).setVisibility(View.GONE); this.getView().setVisibility(View.GONE); } /* * A simple server socket that accepts connection and writes some data on * the stream. / public static class FileServerAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> { private Context context; private TextView statusText; /* * @param context * @param statusText / public FileServerAsyncTask(Context context, View statusText) { this.context = context; this.statusText = (TextView) statusText; } @Override protected String doInBackground(Void... params) { try { ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8988); Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "Server: Socket opened"); Socket client = serverSocket.accept(); Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "Server: connection done"); final File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + context.getPackageName() + "/wifip2pshared-" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"); File dirs = new File(f.getParent()); if (!dirs.exists()) dirs.mkdirs(); f.createNewFile(); Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, "server: copying files " + f.toString()); InputStream inputstream = client.getInputStream(); copyFile(inputstream, new FileOutputStream(f)); serverSocket.close(); return f.getAbsolutePath(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, e.getMessage()); return null; } } / * (non-Javadoc) * @see android.os.AsyncTask#onPostExecute(java.lang.Object) / @Override protected void onPostExecute(String result) { if (result != null) { statusText.setText("File copied - " + result); Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW); intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + result), "image/"); context.startActivity(intent); } } /* * (non-Javadoc) * @see android.os.AsyncTask#onPreExecute() */ @Override protected void onPreExecute() { statusText.setText("Opening a server socket"); } } public static boolean copyFile(InputStream inputStream, OutputStream out) { byte buf[] = new byte[1024]; int len; try { while ((len = inputStream.read(buf)) != -1) { out.write(buf, 0, len); } out.close(); inputStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(WiFiDirectActivity.TAG, e.toString()); return false; } return true; } }	2023-10-13T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/1751
1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to devices for choking a fluid flow path. More specifically, this invention relates to ceramic choke designs that have multiple sections of ceramic with retaining mounts shrunk fit around them, which in turn are mounted into a housing. 2. Description of Related Art A variety of choke devices have been used for some time in the control of fluid through a conduit. Typically, these prior devices consist of one large piece of ceramic, with a one piece housing that is shrunk to fit over the ceramic, thereby making a tight fit when cooled. The housing is typically composed of titanium. For general background material, the reader is directed to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,774,914 and 5,246,074 each of which is hereby incorporated by references in its entirety for the material contained therein. It is desirable to provide a choke device for controlling the flow of fluid through a conduit. In particular, it is desirable to provide a choke design, which reduces thermal stresses. Moreover, it is desirable to provide a choke design that facilitates the use of sensors within the choke. It is also desirable to provide a choke design with improved manufacturability and maintenance. Therefore, it is the general object of this invention to provide a choke device that has a retainer and sleeve walls with smaller overall wall thickness, which reduces the thermal stresses created when the fluid temperature fluctuates. It is a further object of this invention to provide a choke device that uses a plurality of ceramic segments, each of which fits into a relatively thin walled retainer, thereby allowing the retainer to be more complaint. It is another object of this invention to provide a choke device that provides reduced stress variations associated with variances in choke clearances. Another object of this invention is to provide a choke device that uses a ductile retainer thereby providing the ability to withstand additional fluctuations in stress than is possible with brittle ceramic alone. A further object of this invention is to provide a choke device, which uses shorter segments that are easier to construct, and which can be produced with tighter tolerances. A still further object of this invention is to provide a choke device, which can more easily be assembled by shrink fitting with the retainers. Another object of this invention is to provide a choke device which has segmented members that can be replaced individually, allowing for reductions in maintenance costs. It is another object of this invention to provide a choke device that more accurately controls compressive stresses during construction of the choke. It is a further object of this invention to provide a choke device that accommodates the inclusion of sensors into individual segments of the choke, allowing for indicators of choke segment integrity without disassembly of the choke and taking it out of service. These and other objects of this invention are achieved by the device described herein and are readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon review of this disclosure and/or ordinary experimentation with the device described herein.	2024-07-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8007
For a man that hasn't played an NBA game since December of 2009, former top overall pick Greg Oden sure has been in the news a whole heck of a lot since last spring. Possibly due to the intrigue inherent in the near-tragic loss of what could have been a Hall of Fame career following myriad injuries, we suspect. Greg's back, though again not by his on-record thoughts, as Oden's agent (and father of the Memphis Grizzlies point man that shares his name) Mike Conley told Fox's Chris Tomasson that he is considering going back on the thought process that led him to conclude that he might sit out the entire 2012-13 season. Short recap: Greg Oden wants to play basketball next season. From Tomasson's report: "(Oden) called me, and he was kind of excited,'' Conley said in a phone interview with FOX Sports Florida. "I think he's motivated …. He wants to play. He had said he wanted to take this season off, but he's backed off from that …. He's open to playing this season. I think he will play this season.'' If this is all very confusing, we're here to help. Back in February, after another setback, it was discovered that Oden's knee wasn't even healthy enough to operate on. The Portland Trail Blazers officially released him in March, as they readied their rebuilding project, and later we wondered if the team's staff may have been negligent in helping a possibly just-as negligent Oden rehab his knee. Later, in a very candid interview, Oden revealed that his inaction and frustration in Portland led him to drink too much. And for all the noise about Greg over the last five months, this remains the only interview he's given during this spell. His agent has talked quite a bit, though, because that's what player representatives are supposed to do. And in an interview that reminds of the one he gave the Miami Herald last May (as relayed by our Eric Freeman), when Conley talked up Oden's interest in the Heat. As if the Heat couldn't get any more famous. From Tomasson's interview: "Obviously, if the Heat wanted him, who wouldn't want to play for the Heat?'' Conley said of the defending champions. "That goes without saying. They have roster spots and a need (at center). But it's too early to say about where he might play.'' For now, Conley said Oden is as excited as he's been in a long time. He pointed out it was Oden who called him unsolicited to express a willingness to play this season. "He's going to sign somewhere,'' Conley said. "He's going to get healthy and be coming back.'' We understand the ants in pants. Sitting out the entire 2012-13 while rehabbing would mean that Oden's debut to start 2013-14 would mark the 83rd time he'd played an NBA game some 76 months after being drafted by the Trail Blazers. That's hard to stomach for any competitor, much less one as clearly talented and seemingly NBA-ready as Oden. Oden hasn't been NBA-ready, not by a long shot, for the entirety of his career. And though advancements in his rehabilitation and the massive amounts of both rest and recuperation could change that for the better (or, possibly, for good), all that's been proven about Greg Oden is that he is very tall, he is very talented, and his body has been unable to withstand the rigors of NBA play. And as much as we adore watching a 7-footer dominate on both ends of the ball in professional play, we're almost rooting for Oden to sign off on the entire 2013-14 as much as we're rooting for safe returns. Because mixing the two might not result in the creation of the latter. Conley even admits that there is no timetable for a potential 2012-13 return, and that the "seven" NBA teams that have contacted him about his client won't get serious about their efforts until training camp comes around in the autumn. We would just appreciate patience, in Oden's possibly last great chance. A midseason return would come just days after his 25th birthday, and at this point in his career there's no real difference in age with so many seasons spent watching from the sideline. There's no shame in making that Big Return at age 25 and 10 months, as opposed to 25 and 10 days. We also get the decision on that particular timing, in spite of the interest in Oden, won't be up to the big center. Possibly for the best.	2023-08-04T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7036
IAU Statement on Satellite Constellations - Tomte https://www.iau.org/news/announcements/detail/ann19035/ ====== DennisP I feel like the IAU is being a bit short-sighted here. The point of the SpaceX constellation is to bootstrap a lot more activity in space than we have right now, by providing both funding and an initial market to get Starship running at volume. Once launch costs are down to $50/kg or so, whatever loss we have in earthbound astronomy can be more than compensated by large telescopes in orbit and on the far side of the moon. I would regret losing a natural-looking night sky, but the statement admits these probably won't be visible to the naked eye. ~~~ privong > Once launch costs are down to $50/kg or so, whatever loss we have in > earthbound astronomy can be more than compensated by large telescopes in > orbit and on the far side of the moon. I don't think launch costs are the dominant expense in space telescopes. I think most of the expense is technology development for one-off (or small run) instruments as well as paying the people who design and build it, write the software, and operate the telescope. So even if the launch were free, there's still a huge expense in building space-based telescopes. I believe the rule of thumb is space-based costs ~10x that of a ground based telescope. The largest astronomical mirror in space is 3.5m (Herschel). 30m optical telescopes are being built on the ground now and 10m telescopes have existed since the early 1990s. It would be incredibly expensive to put a 30m telescope in space, even if the launch were free. ~~~ perilunar Well the obvious question is how much cheaper would space telescopes be if they mass produced and launched a standard design instead of one-offs? What if they took the JWST design ($10 billion in development costs!) and made 10 or 100 more copies? How much would each additional copy cost to build and launch? ~~~ chongli I think the answer to that is “not very much.” Telescopes use a lot of highly specialized parts made of rare and expensive materials. They use a lot of gold for various components and the mirrors are made of gold or platinum. The tolerances in the fabrication of the mirrors are EXTREMELY tight in order to reduce aberrations as much as possible. This sort of high precision manufacturing with exotic materials simply doesn’t scale. ~~~ denton-scratch "EXTREMELY tight" Telescope mirrors need to be polished to an accuracy of a quarter-wavelength of whatever radiation you want to capture - so for an optical telescope, that's a quarter-wavelength of visible light. Any greater precision than that is spurious, and won't get you better imaging. Less precision than that == bad mirror. The techniques for polishing and testing small mirrors (up to say 12") are amusingly low-tech, almost steampunk. You can get to 1/4 wavelength of visible light with a homemade grinding/polishing rig, and a homemade optical bench that consists of little more than a jig to hold the mirror, a lamp and a couple of razor blades. I'm sure the challenges in building accurate 30m optical mirrors are massively bigger, not least because very big mirrors warp under their own weight. But I imagine the principles are just the same. Incidentally, I had no idea people were building 30m ground-based optical telescopes; that's just insane. I mean, my house is only 8m high. ------ bitminer It's about time. A recent astronomy picture of the day shows the visible impact of Earth orbit spacecraft on astronomical imagery. [http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap191013.html](http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap191013.html) Astronomers will need precise orbital parameters of all s/c in their telescopes' field of view, so they can avoid deceptive data from known s/c. The data and processing issues will be significant. Obstructive? Destructive? Career limiting? TBD. The article mentions only high-profile large telescopes. In fact there's hundreds that have scientific significance. Helping hundreds or thousands of observers eliminate local Earth orbiting s/c interference in their observations is hard. And, currently, unsupported by these companies. They use the public resource, outer space, for their own good. And pollute it for others. ~~~ denton-scratch In radio astronomy, they build interferometers, with very large baselines, to give resolution equal to a dish the size of the baseline. AFAIAA, they can also synthesize a baseline by taking images 6 months apart, giving an effective baseline the width of Earth's orbit. I don't know how an optical interferometer works, but I believe such things have been built. I would have thought that an optical interforometer could be configured to just "not see" the passing satellites. I think that seems to be a mere technical problem for telescope builders, and not a fundamental problem that the rocket-men have to solve. ------ sega_sai Presumably one way to deal with this problem is to make the satellite surfaces like stealth planes, i.e. very flat reflective surfaces with sharp angles. In that case the reflections will still happen (and they will be brighter), but they will be visible on the ground over much shorter period of time. ~~~ gene-h Even if the satellites are perfectly black they'll still interfere with radio astronomy. Even if they don't transmit they will interfere with radio astronomy because they're warmer than the vacuum of space and will emit black body radiation ------ xt00 In the case of digital astronomy using various opto-electronic devices to take the light and convert to charge (CMOS or CCD sensor or whatever else they use), I wonder how possible it is to essentially sum together lots of pictures one after another where occasionally you would reject photos that had a satellite passing through them? Like is that how they deal with it now? In the case of film there is no "dark noise" that you have to deal with, so you just leave the shutter open for hours. But with digital if you leave the charge well open for even seconds, the dark noise starts to accumulate in the pixel. Not totally sure though how long exposures work on digital cameras -- if its actually a sum of shorter exposures or what.. ~~~ joshvm > In the case of digital astronomy using various opto-electronic devices to > take the light and convert to charge (CMOS or CCD sensor or whatever else > they use), I wonder how possible it is to essentially sum together lots of > pictures one after another where occasionally you would reject photos that > had a satellite passing through them? An exposure that a satellite passes through is potentially ruined. On the plus side, although there are lots of satellites, the odds of one of them passing through your target is relatively slim. A lot of the time astronomers are interested in a single star in the entire field of view. This has happened to colleagues of mine however, so it definitely occurs. Other things which can ruin exposures are cosmic ray hits which you have no control over. You could do a median sum to get rid of the offending noise. Problem is you often don't know until after you've got the data back; it's quite rare for astronomers to do their own observations and you get allocated a fixed amount of telescope time. So you might get given 1 hour of time on your target, but if you messed up the exposure calculations or a satellite happened to pass through, there's very little you can do about it. > Not totally sure though how long exposures work on digital cameras -- if its > actually a sum of shorter exposures or what.. The detectors used in astronomy are extremely low noise and can be used for fairly long exposures (10s of minutes) without stacking. That said, you can still use stacking to get better signal to noise. It's much more commonly performed with amateur observations though, due to noisier detectors. You also need to take dark, bias and flat frames to compensate for detector noise. [https://www.eso.org/~ohainaut/ccd/](https://www.eso.org/~ohainaut/ccd/) ------ tandr If reflection is such a big problem (other problems notwithstanding), there is that better-than-VantaBlack paint that presumably absorbs a lot of light. To think of it... it might cause even bigger problems with "dark object flying in a total darkness"... ~~~ jofer The issue with having sats be black is that black adsorbs a _lot_ of heat from the sun. Even more so with "better-than-vantablack". Cooling is actually a huge problem in space. It may be really cold, but it's extremely difficult to transfer heat without air/water/etc. You're limited to direct radiation, which is much less efficient than advection or conduction. Making things black means they'll get quite hot in the sun. That's a major problem for most satellites. ~~~ outworlder > The issue with having sats be black is that black adsorbs a _lot_ of heat > from the sun. Even more so with "better-than-vantablack". It will also irradiate back a lot of heat once they are in the shade. ~~~ AWildC182 Imagine taking your computer and blowtorching it then sticking it in the freezer every 90 minutes for a decade. How long do you think it'll keep working? ------ avmich Satellites can theoretically all use Sun shade - a shield which is kept oriented to Sun and reflects most light back. This is not ideal for many reasons. More weight to carry to orbit, another system to be kept operational. Some satellites need Sun visibility, shield may have some interference with satellite's radios. I'm sure more problems exist. Another approach - also not without problems - would be to aggressively deploy orbit-based telescopes, so they would have access to space above densely inhabited low Earth orbits. It also costs a lot, still leaves problems with ground-based observations, even though space-based tools have some advantages too. ------ AWildC182 If only we could actually get more space telescopes in orbit _looks angrily at JWST_	2024-05-26T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5258
Introduction {#s1} ============ Splitting reflects shifts of mind related to a consciously experienced conflict of opposing mental forces. In principle it describes fragmentation of conscious experience that is typically related to long-term or acute stress that significantly disturbs self-concept, identity, memory and perception of the external world [@pone.0091228-Breuer1]--[@pone.0091228-Ellenberger1]. Nevertheless, empirical studies of psychopathological processes related to splitting are very rare. In schizophrenia the term splitting was developed by Bleuler [@pone.0091228-Bleuler1], who described process of mental fragmentation in schizophrenia as associative splitting or "loosening of associations" and considered it as a basic factor in pathogenesis of the disease. Later concept of splitting was described by Kernberg [@pone.0091228-Kernberg1], who used the process of splitting as a specific characteristic of cognitive and affective disturbances in borderline personality disorder (BPD) which typically manifest as shifts of emotional perception of objects, other persons and the self with typical fluctuations between idealization and devaluation. These alterations on mental level consequently may be linked to great and abrupt changes in patterns of neural activity that may dissociate, or split off, certain external and internal stimuli and information out of awareness, which may lead to distinct states of divided consciousness [@pone.0091228-Bob1], [@pone.0091228-Hilgard1]--[@pone.0091228-Vermetten1] and disorganization of semantic memory [@pone.0091228-Goldberg1]--[@pone.0091228-Robert1]. With respect to recent findings a purpose of this study is to examine relationships between psychological process of splitting and disturbed cognitive and affective functions in schizophrenia and BPD. Materials and Methods {#s2} ===================== Participants {#s2a} ------------ The participants were recruited from regular daily outpatients treatment programs for schizophrenic and BPD patients at the Psychotherapeutic and Psychosomatic Clinic ESET in Prague. All participants signed informed consent and the study was approved by Charles University ethical committee. In the study were included only patients who had not compromised capacity and ability to consent. This ability was confirmed by clinical data about the patients and specific written statement regarding each participant by his/her psychiatrist. Each included participant was able to consider his/her participation and no one was included in the study based on agreement of legally authorized representative consented on the behalf of a participant. The participants had diagnosis of schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder. Exclusion criteria were organic illnesses involving the central nervous system, substance, and/or alcohol abuse and mental retardation (IQ Raven lower than 90) [@pone.0091228-Raven1]. Clinical diagnosis was reassessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) [@pone.0091228-Sheehan1] in schizophrenia patients and in BPD patients it was confirmed using semi-structured interview for borderline personality disorder based on DSM-IV criteria. The sample included 30 patients with schizophrenia, i.e. 15 men and 15 women, mean age 35.7 (SD = 9.2) with mean period of psychiatric treatment 12.89 (SD = 7.8 years) and with average of 4.1 hospitalizations. The sample of BPD patients included 35 participants, i.e. 10 men and 25 women, mean age 32.0 (SD = 7.9) years with mean period of psychiatric treatment 6.2 (SD = 3.97) years and with average of 2.28 hospitalizations. Psychometric Measures {#s2b} --------------------- With respect to current theoretical concepts and empirical data we have tested relationship between splitting based on Splitting Index score [@pone.0091228-Gould1] and verbal fluency as an indicator of semantic memory disorganization [@pone.0091228-Goldberg1]--[@pone.0091228-Paulsen1], [@pone.0091228-Franceschi1] in patients with schizophrenia and BPD. To test how the splitting process is typically represented in schizophrenia and BPD we have compared occurrence of these psychopathological manifestations in schizophrenia and BPD and their relationships to other symptoms. The symptoms of splitting were measured using self-reported Splitting index (SI) [@pone.0091228-Franceschi1] that enables to assess defense mechanisms related to splitting according to concept proposed by Kernberg [@pone.0091228-Kernberg1]. Splitting Index is 24-items self-reported questionnaire rated on 5-point Likert scale from 1 to 5 (Cronbach's alfa 0.92, test-retest reliability after one week 0.82). Using factor analysis three clusters of items have been identified that enable to describe the splitting process. These three factors represent: 1. the self factor (splitting of the self image), 2. the family factor (splitting of images of family members), and 3. the factor of others which describes splitting with respect to people outside the family. Other psychopathological manifestations in both groups of patients were measured using Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) [@pone.0091228-Wing1]. The scale includes 12 items including overactive, aggressive, disruptive or agitated behavior; non-accidental self-injury; problem drinking or drug-taking; cognitive problems; physical illness or disability problems; hallucinations or delusions; problems with depressed mood; other mental and behavioral problems; problems with relationships; problems with activities of daily living; problems with living conditions; problems with occupation and activities. This scale includes two versions, i.e. the version for external evaluators and the self-reported version (Cronbach's alfa 0.79, test-retest reliability after one week 0.85) [@pone.0091228-Pec1]. As a measure of semantic memory disorganization, which is very close to Bleuler's concept of mental fragmentation, we have used verbal fluency test [@pone.0091228-Goldberg1]--[@pone.0091228-Paulsen1], [@pone.0091228-Preiss1]. In this context, recent findings show that verbal fluency is severely disturbed in schizophrenia [@pone.0091228-Henry1] and it is closely related to disorganized dimension of psychopathology in schizophrenic patients [@pone.0091228-Robert1]. Data Analysis {#s2c} ------------- Statistical evaluation of the results of SI and other psychometric measures included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney test for independent samples and Spearman correlation coefficients. The non-parametric analyses were preferred because SI data have not normal distribution. All the methods of statistical evaluation were performed using the software package Statistica version 6. To prevent Type II error which would disable to reject null hypothesis that the measure of splitting is not linked to verbal fluency and psychopathological symptoms we performed Power Analysis and assessed the effect sizes characterizing differences between means and correlation coefficients. Results {#s3} ======= Results show significant differences in scores of splitting, verbal fluency and psychopathological symptoms measured by HoNOS between BPD and schizophrenia groups that were compared using Man-Whitney test ([Table 1](#pone-0091228-t001){ref-type="table"}). Mean score of the Splitting Index (SI) was significantly higher in BPD group than in schizophrenia. 10.1371/journal.pone.0091228.t001 ###### Statistical comparison between schizophrenia and BPD patients using Mann-Whitney test. ![](pone.0091228.t001){#pone-0091228-t001-1} Schizophrenia N = 30 BPD N = 35 Z p R --------------- ---------------------- ------------ ------ -------- ------ SI 2.84 3.14 −2.2 0.0025 0.58 SI(S) 2.69 3.43 −2.8 0.0053 0.82 SI(F) 2.87 3.01 −1.0 0.3384 0.14 SI(O) 2.96 2.99 −0.2 0.8759 0.05 VF 34.5 41.43 −2.8 0.0052 0.79 HoNOS (E) 11.6 15 −2.6 0.0085 0.81 HoNOS (S) 7.8 14.25 −3.9 0.0000 0.97 Note: SI -- Splitting Index, SI(S) -- Splitting Index, factor of self, SI(F) -- Splitting Index, factor of family, SI(O) -- Splitting Index, factor of others, VF- verbal fluency, HoNOS(E)- version for external evaluation of HoNOS (mean), HoNOS(S) - self-reported version of HoNOS (mean), BPD -- borderline personality disorder, Z- Z value of Mann-Whitney test, r- standardized effect size. On the other hand score of verbal fluency was significantly lower in schizophrenia group. In both assessments of HoNOS, for external evaluators and for self evaluation, the BPD group scored significantly higher in means of total scores. In the power analysis we have tested significant differences which show that all differences between means have strong effect size (r = 0.5 or higher; [Table 1](#pone-0091228-t001){ref-type="table"}). Results also show significant Spearman correlation coefficients characterizing relationships between splitting, verbal fluency and psychopathological symptoms measured by HoNOS in both samples ([Table 2](#pone-0091228-t002){ref-type="table"}). Very significant relationship between verbal fluency and the SI "factor of others" in schizophrenia patients was found (Spearman r = −0.52, p\<0.01). Other significant correlations in schizophrenia patients were found between self-reported score of HoNOS(S) and total score of splitting (SI) (Spearman r = 0.42, p\<0.05) and between HoNOS(S) and SI(S) \[representing splitting of the self\] (Spearman r = 0.63, p\<0.01). On the other hand significant correlations in borderline personality disorder were found between and between HoNOS(S) and SI(S) \[representing splitting of the self\] (Spearman r = 0.45, p\<0.01) and HoNOS self-reported score and verbal fluency in has been found (Spearman r = 0.37, p\<0.01). 10.1371/journal.pone.0091228.t002 ###### Spearman correlation coefficients between SI, verbal fluency, and HoNOS in schizophrenia and BPD patients. ![](pone.0091228.t002){#pone-0091228-t002-2} SI SI-S SI-F SI-O VF HoNOS(E) -------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ------- ------- ---------- ---------- ---------- SI--S 0.76 0.68 \_ \_ SI-F 0.72 0.53 0.40 0,05 \_ \_ SI--O 0.73 0.47 0.27 0.01 0.50 0.09 \_ \_ VF −0.31 0.15 0.02 0.19 −0,23 0.05 −0.52 −0.05 \_ \_ HoNOS(E) 0.26 0.13 0.28 0.33 0.21 0.14 0.09 −0.07 −0.22 0.15 \_ \_ HoNOS(S) 0.42 0.28 0.63 0.45 0.14 0,10 0.10 −0.10 0.16 0.37 0.48 0.70 Note: Values of Spearman correlation coefficients significant at p\<0.05 are in bold (0.45 or higher are significant at p\<0.01); Fisher Z was higher than 0.05; Sch -- schizophrenia; BPD -- borderline personality disorder; SI -- Splitting Index; SI(S) -- Splitting Index, factor of self; SI(F) -- Splitting Index, factor of family; SI(O) -- Splitting Index, factor of others; VF- verbal fluency; HoNOS(E): version for external evaluation; HoNOS(S): self-reported version. Discussion {#s4} ========== Main results of this study indicate significant differences in splitting, verbal fluency and psychopathological symptoms between schizophrenia and BPD patients. These findings show significantly higher level of splitting measured by SI in BPD patients compared to schizophrenia. On the other hand schizophrenia patients show significantly lower scores of verbal fluency most likely as a consequence of cognitive disorganization which in principle is in agreement with Bleuler's historical concept of splitting in schizophrenia [@pone.0091228-Bleuler1]. In this context, the correlation between verbal fluency and splitting (factor of others) in schizophrenia suggests that stronger levels of splitting into opposite aspects related to external objects and persons is related to dis-association of memory patterns that is manifested as disturbed verbal fluency. Recent findings also show that impaired verbal fluency is associated with psychomotor slowness [@pone.0091228-Sumiyoshi1]--[@pone.0091228-vanBeilen1] that might be related to disconnection between brain regions [@pone.0091228-vanBeilen1]. The disconnection between brain regions also disables integrated response to emotional stimuli, which might be linked to specific differences in amygdala activity and prefrontal functions in schizophrenia and BPD [@pone.0091228-Barnow1]. Schizophrenia is typically characterized by reduced activation in amygdala and prefrontal cortex and on the other hand increased and excessive activation in amygdala and prefrontal cortex has been found during emotional tasks in BPD [@pone.0091228-Barnow1]--[@pone.0091228-Scherpiet1]. These typical neurophysiological changes might reflect typical differences related to splitting in schizophrenia and BPD based on psychological mechanisms of defense against unacceptable affective impulses [@pone.0091228-Klein1]. Responses to these impulses in BPD likely reflect disturbed levels of reality testing in response to various perceptual stimuli that typically result to increased and excessive emotional activation and irritability [@pone.0091228-Stone1], [@pone.0091228-Lustman1]--[@pone.0091228-Blatt1], which on neurophysiological level could be reflected in increased prefrontal and amygdala activation [@pone.0091228-Barnow1]. On the other hand disturbed verbal fluency in schizophrenia patients is likely related to decreased activity in amygdala and prefrontal activity in schizophrenia [@pone.0091228-Barnow1]--[@pone.0091228-Reske1], which might reflect inability to appropriately differentiate and reflect emotional stimuli [@pone.0091228-Anzieu1]--[@pone.0091228-Ogden1] likely due to disruption in attentional selection and decision related activation [@pone.0091228-Bob2]. In summary, the results show that the process of splitting has different forms in schizophrenia and BPD. In BPD patients splitting results to mental instability manifested as shifts in emotional perception of objects, other persons and the self, which are linked to increased mental tension and excessive prefrontal and amygdala activation. This specific form of splitting that occur in BPD is not typically present in schizophrenic patients, which is in agreement with the results indicating that SI score as a measure of borderline splitting is higher in BPD than in schizophrenia patients. On the other hand in schizophrenia the mental fragmentation leads to splitting of associations observed as lower scores of verbal fluency which in principle is in agreement with Bleuler's historical concept of splitting in schizophrenia [@pone.0091228-Bob2]. This form of mental fragmentation in schizophrenia may represent a defense mechanism decreasing several psychopathological manifestations due to lowered mental tension and abnormally inhibited brain activities in amygdala and prefrontal cortices. Nevertheless it is also possible that mental fragmentation in schizophrenic patients is also related to deficits in contextual processing that may be primarily based on brain's ability to integrate information [@pone.0091228-Bob2], [@pone.0091228-Rotenberg1]. This brain deficit to integrate information may be linked to various etiological conditions reflecting pathological processes on molecular, physiological and psychological levels. This brain potentiality to integrate information is on cognitive level specifically linked to ability to create integrated self-concept and synthetic capabilities related to various forms of metacognitive deficits that is typical impaired in schizophrenia [@pone.0091228-Mishara1]--[@pone.0091228-Dimaggio1]. [^1]: Competing Interests:The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. [^2]: Conceived and designed the experiments: OP PB JR. Performed the experiments: OP PB. Analyzed the data: OP PB JR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OP PB JR. Wrote the paper: OP PB.	2023-12-05T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/9418
Deals bay street staten island View detailed information and reviews for 56 Bay St in Staten Island, New York and get driving directions with road conditions and live traffic updates along the way.We are a Mom and Pop local business in the Stapleton section of Staten Island.All Nations Bus Tours has the best deals on the East Coast and Canada,. Escape Party Hall — Staten Island, NY, 10304 Research news, industry reports, business information, and company profiles with HighBeam Business - Arrive Prepared.Property record and home value information for 155 Bay St 3j,.There are no Hot Deal Discounts in Staten Island at this time.Latest deals for MetroPCS on 587 Bay St in Staten Island 10304. Social and Welfare Services - Staten Island, NY - SILive.com Yummy Taco - Staten Island, New York Information,. 1082 Bay St, Staten Island, New York, 10305. All deals are provided by a third party service.Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings to continue. OB GYN - Staten Island, NY - SILive.com St. George, Staten Island \| CitySquares: Buy Local Read the Maizal in Rosebank Staten Island is God Awful discussion from the Chowhound Restaurants,. Bayou - Clifton - Staten Island, NY - Yelp New York Sightseeing. 1 Bay Street, Staten Island, New York (goes to Whitehall Terminal in Manhattan) Website:.Find OB GYN local business listings in and near Staten Island, NY.Find 47 listings related to Deals Bay Street in Staten Island on YP.com. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Deals Bay Street locations in. Bay Street Tire Corp - Staten Island - New York - Tuugo Order delivery online from Bagels by the Bay in Staten Island instantly. Compare the best prices on CarRentals.com and rent a car in Staten Island today. Western Beef 425 Bay St Staten Island, NY Grocery Stores A trip to New York. was built in 2009 across the street from the old stadium. More Info. Bronx Zoo. the Staten Island Ferry is an attraction unto.Coupons for Pier 76 and it is a Italian restaurant with a location at 76 Bay Street in Staten Island.	2023-08-19T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5434
The in vivo release of 90Y from cyclic and acyclic ligand-antibody conjugates. Yttrium binding ligands DOTA, caDTPA and CT-DTPA were each conjugated to monoclonal antibody B72.3, labelled with 90Y and injected into mice in order to assess the in vivo inertness of the antibody-linked 90Y-ligand complexes. Levels of 90Y in femur shafts of the DOTA-B72.3 mice were low, being approximately 7 and 44%, respectively, of levels in the femur shafts of the caDTPA-B72.3 and CT-DTPA-B72.3 treated mice. This finding demonstrates the greater inertness and by implication the greater suitability for immunotherapy of the DOTA-90Y complex.	2023-10-15T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8960
Honey Oil would not likely be a product that I would choose based on branding alone. If you know me at all, you know that I am a sucker for hipster-Pantone-colored branding and packaging design . Honey oil seems to be a little more on the stoner-branding side with honey yellow and black. So my first impression was, ‘this can’t be organic’ and ‘is this brand going to be quality?’ I looked a little deeper into their products, and while I couldn’t find anything saying that they grow organic hemp (or Clean Green), they do tout the highest quality USA (colorado) sun-grown hemp and the cleanest test results. Often brands grow organically but cannot legally say that – so hoping that to be the case here. The third-party lab results show no pesticides and no heavy metals while also showing good levels of the desired cannabinoids (See test results here). I have had bad experiences with CBD products that have given me headaches, so I was not willing to try this without looking into the ingredients first. Review Time The Vape: I chose to try OG Kush Broad Spectrum Indica Vape Cartridge The Vaporizer can be adjusted to hit just about as strong or as mild as you would like, and I found the smoking experience to be nearly perfect, except it is a little harsh on the lungs. I am not a huge smoker – leaning more towards tinctures and edibles – so it could very well be that I am just not as used to the feeling on my lungs as someone else may be. Unlike bad experiences I’ve had in the past, this vape has a calming effect, much like smoking a very mild joint or cigarettes. I started carrying this little guy around with me everywhere and hitting it before or during stressful times in the day. It was also an excellent tool during times where I just needed to step outside. I chose OG Kush instead of something fruity, and I was glad to have a tasty, mildly weedy flavor that makes me feel like I’m hitting a joint without getting too high. So I would give the flavor profile an excellent rating. Lastly, they sent a rose gold battery with the cartridge, and I thought it was beautiful and stylish. Something about having a beautiful smoking accessory makes the experience a little more fun. Overall, a great product! I would certainly recommend for someone looking for a clean vape that will not cause you deadly lung issues. Honey Oil has an excellent reputation for producing products of the highest quality, and it is a brand that can be trusted. The Tincture: I Chose the Honey Oil Natural Full Spectrum CBD Oil 500mg The flavor is mild and easy to consume. It has a slight weed flavor, but it is almost lovely that it has a little canna-flavor, and it is easy to consume under the tongue or in any beverage. I am always skeptical of CBD tinctures, do they work? It is always hard to tell if the effects are placebo, but both Casey Jones and agreed that this tincture seemed to have calming effects over a few weeks that we used it. The tincture is made with pure MCT oil, a healthy fat that makes cannabinoids more bioavailable. It is full-spectrum, which means it contains CBD, CBC, CBDV, CBN, CBG, <0.3% THC that can all work together to produce the “Entourage effect,” also making the tincture work better for most peoples endocannabinoid System. The product is third party tested to be safe and pure; there is nothing I can complain about. The tincture is even safe for your furry friends so that you can share with your dog during a thunderstorm. Both the Vaporizer and CBD Oil would be great for: Anxiety Stress Hangovers Headache Relief General Relaxation Balance Yoga Sleep Mild Pain Relief Anti-Inflammatory Overall we have only great things to say about the Honey Oil products we tried! Have you tried Honey Oil? Let us know about your experience. Questions? Let us know, and we will do our best to answer them	2023-09-07T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/5710
Pages Wednesday, December 15, 2010 As mentioned before, I rarely attend tasting events but this time would be an exception for the following reasons: (1)Mochachocolata Rita was joining as well, (2) the gathering was relatively small scale and (3) I could have the chance to meet Patricia of Sù Yán Tiān Shǐ 素顏天使™ , the man behind Cha Xiu Bao Josh Tse as well as Nana Chan whose food writing I enjoy very much. However, it was to my disappointment that both Josh and Nana could not make it. Ah well, that certainly did not deter from from having a fun and entertaining evening. Thanks for the warm invitation by Swire's Hotel EAST (Hong Kong), our night started off on the rooftop lounge Sugar overlooking the Victoria Harbour. We had the luxury to enjoy spending our happy hour at the illuminating sitting area at the end of the outdoor terrace. After a short introducing and round of "ice breaking," not only did I get to know more about Patrica and Takako of Cathay Pacific Travel Blog , I realized Ritahas some secret of her own I never knew. (not telling though haha) While I quite enjoyed the view and atmosphere of Sugar, one thing I have to point out was the huge bean bag that I was sitting on the whole time there! I mean it would be wonderful if I am to come here with my significant other (if any) and try to be cuddly but when it comes to grabbing food from my sitting position, it was quite an exercise to get myself out of the bean bag! Perhaps it was my problem??? Take for example the delicious Sausage Tree, by the time I got out of my bean bag, all of them have already finished taking pictures, anxiously waiting for me to finish up! I think I need to start doing more exercises. After our short stay at Sugar, we went down to Feast for the highlight of the day. We were seated at the chef table, a cozy hole-in-the wall setting overlooking the semi-open kitchen. Before the starter was served, we had a platter of various ham to kick start our stomach. I was still thinking of the Sausage Tree from Sugar at this point. Argh! Second pre-meal item was a plate of oysters!! I forgot which kind we had (forgot to mark it down again! argh!) but it was the very creamy type with quite an intense flavor. The shell was quite brittle so one has to be very careful. I think I need to eat more oysters so I can distinguish them by sight! Excuse? yeah ... a good one to eat more oysters for sure! :) The first course of this special menu was the Goats Curd and Mushroom Tartlet, Pancetta Crumble and Yellow Pepper Jam. I thought I was having desserts from the look of it but being all savory, the sensation was quite ... pleasant! It was like having main and dessert in one go! The Yellow Pepper Jam was worth noting because it has a very subtle yet stimulating flavors that compliment the rather richer flavor from the Goats Curd and thinly fried crispy ham. Lobster: Tea, Foam, Grilled and Ice Cream. The name by itself made us all wonder what this can be. A full meal in one serving? Ice cream? humm ... Once served, puzzle solved! We started with the Foam which was like lobster bisque, followed by the Tea which was a light lobster broth. Then we moved towards the center to the grilled lobster and then to the Ice Cream which was chilled. The Ice Cream was indeed quite interesting, it was basically the lobster bisque in a more solid form. For some reasons, I think they should figure out a way to present this better, somehow it looked ... quite empty on the plate, perhaps it was the untrained food stylist inside me that is talking. Perhaps I am just being picky. :) Rockmelon Lime Sherbet was then served. Nothing really exciting here but it was a nice refreshing dish to have before our main dish. Vanilla Braised Beef Cheek with Celeriac Ravioli. Beef Cheek I had plenty before, usually with red wine reduction sauce or something with red wine, but seeing it being prepared with vanilla made me ... curious as to how it would taste. It was quite good. There was only a slight hint of vanilla flavor, just enough not to overpower the beef flavors. Of course the beef cheek was tender and soft with a gluey texture in between the layers. I quite enjoyed this dish. Dessert was quite ... fun! Snap Crackle and Fruit Pop it was called and it took the literal meaning as well. The little cup on the left was making sizzling, popping sounds when being served and we were informed that we must quickly consume all of it like a shot of tequila to preserved the crackle and popping! Oh they popped alright! They added plenty of popping candies inside the fruit cup and the popping tickled my taste bud quite literally! The Petit Four was rather ordinary unfortunately. Once again, I would like to say thanks to Hotel EAST - Hong Kong for inviting me. I had a wonderful time and it was a fun night indeed! We chatted about food, travels and of course ... my profile picture, my picture with pink polo! (I am going to stop at that .... haha)	2024-02-10T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/8005
Canadian teacher Neil Bantleman sits in a holding cell before hearing his verdict in a South Jakarta court April 2, 2015. (Reuters Photo/Darren Whiteside) [Updated on 05:20 P.M. to add comments, details] Jakarta. Indonesia's supreme court has overturned the acquittal of two teachers, a Canadian and Indonesian, convicted of sexually abusing students at an international Jakarta school and ordered them to serve out their original sentence. The two teachers were originally sentenced to 10 years in prison but were acquitted in August, 2015. The Supreme Court reimposed the sentence and added another year to their sentence. "They have been sentenced again to 11 years," Supreme Court spokesman Suhadi said by phone. Canadian national teacher Neil Bantleman and Indonesian teaching assistant Ferdinand Tjiong were convicted on charges of abusing kindergarten students at the Jakarta Intercultural School (JIS). “This continues to raise questions about the veracity of the legal system in Indonesia. This will damage the reputation of Indonesia and how investors view the country,” said Keith Loveard of Jakarta-based Concord Consulting. The U.S. embassy-linked school is popular among expatriates and wealthy Indonesians, who are closely tracking the case. The U.S. embassy criticized the court's ruling, while the Canadian embassy in Jakarta called the decision “unjust” and said the case had not been handled transparently. “The outcome of this case has serious implications for Indonesia’s reputation as a safe place for Canadians to work, travel and invest as well as for Canada’s long history of cooperation with Indonesia,” it said in an online statement. Additional reporting by Yuddy Cahya Reuters	2023-08-06T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/7996
Inflammation and therapeutic vaccination in CNS diseases. The spectrum of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system has been steadily expanding from classical autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis to far more diverse diseases. Evidence now suggests that syndromes such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke have important inflammatory and immune components and may be amenable to treatment by anti-inflammatory and immunotherapeutic approaches. The notion of 'vaccinating' individuals against a neurodegenerative disorder such as Alzheimer's disease is a marked departure from classical thinking about mechanism and treatment, and yet therapeutic vaccines for both Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis have been validated in animal models and are in the clinic. Such approaches, however, have the potential to induce unwanted inflammatory responses as well as to provide benefit.	2024-02-27T01:26:36.242652	https://example.com/article/2866
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