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Earliest symptom of glomus tumor is:
Ans. A Pulsatile tinnitus "The two most common presenting symptoms of paraganglioma of temporal bone (Glomus tumor) are conductive hearing losso and pulsatile tinnnus" Hearing loss is conductive and slowly progressive Tinnitus is pulsatile and of swishing character", synchronous with pulse", and can be temporarily stop...
1
Pulsatile tinnitus
Deafness
Headache
Veigo
ENT
null
1efd7aac-0ace-4bc6-9603-825aa2bfea05
single
Most common cause of insertional tendonitis of tendoachilles is -
Achilles tendon injury Achilles tendon is the thickest and strongest tendon in the body and is also the one of the most commonly injured tendon in the body. The most common Achilles tendon injuries are :- Achilles tendinosis (formerly called Achilles tendonitis) Achilles tendon rupture Achilles tendinosis (Achilles...
1
Overuse
Improper shoe wear
Runners and jumpers
Steroid injections
Orthopaedics
null
2b1c04e3-182f-46b4-850c-561c101eb895
single
Drug of choice of hypeension in pregnancy is ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Methylopa o Methyldopa is DOC for hypeension in pregnancy. o Nifedipine is 2nd choice. o Hydralazine is DOC for hypeensive emergencies in pregnancy.
1
Methyldopa
Thiazide
Nifedipine
Labetalol
Pharmacology
null
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single
Increased blood levels of cholesterol that are seen in hypothyroidism are most likely due to -
Ans- B Thyroid hormone increases the hepatic expression of LDL receptor. Hence in hypothyroidism there is reduction in hepatic LDL receptor So there is reduced clearance of LDL.
2
Decreased calorigenesis
Decreased production of LDL receptor in liver and the thus decreased clearance by liver
Decreased production of LDL receptor in the adipose tissue and increased release of cholesterol from adipose tissues
Increased breakdown of lipoproteins releasing cholesterol in circulation
Unknown
null
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Sudden death, right sided heart failure (cor pulmonate or cardiovascular collapse occur when
CONSEQUENCES OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM i) Sudden death. Massive pulmonary embolism(60% or moreof pulmonary artery) results in instantaneous death, without occurrence of chest pain or dyspnoea. However, if the death is somewhat delayed, the clinical features resemble myocardial infarction i.e. severe chest pain, dyspnoea an...
3
Small pulmonary embolism
Massive pulmonary embolism
60% or more of pulmonary artery is obstructed with emboli
End artery obliteration
Pathology
null
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Inferior olivary nucleus is present in
The inferior olivary nucleus, a cerebellar relay nucleus, is the most prominent nucleus in the lateral medulla. Coordinate signals from the spinal cord to the cerebellum to regulate motor coordination and learning. fig:- crossection at the level of medulla(upper pa)
4
Base of pons
Midbrain, at level of superior colliculus
Midbrain, at level of inferior colliculus
Lateral medulla
Anatomy
Brainstem, cerebellum and ventricles
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single
Ovulation is seen after how many hours of the 'Peak' of the 'Up stroke' in this diagram here :
From the onset of the LH surge, it takes 34-36 hours and from the peak it takes 10-12 hours to ovulate. The midcycle LH surge is responsible for a dramatic increase in local concentrations of prostaglandins and proteolytic enzymes in the follicle. These substances progressively weaken the follicular wall and ultimately...
2
0-6 hours
10-12 hours
12-24 hours
24-36 hours
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Normal Menstruation, Abnormal Menstruation, Menopausal Physiology and forsight of conception
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The objective of the access cavity preparation is to gain direct access to
null
3
Pulp chamber
Canal orifice
Apical foramen
Middle third of the canal
Dental
null
223beaa1-7b92-4e05-9835-4fb6974b35cd
single
Most radio resistant phase in cell cycle:
Radiation energy is absorbed by tissue causing ionization or excitation, which are responsible for various biological effects. Susceptibility of various phases of cell cycle of radiation: G2M>M>G1> early S> late S phase Phase of cell cycle Comment G2M>G2 * Most sensitive to radiation End of S phase * Most resistant to ...
3
G1
Early S
Late S
G2
Surgery
Oncology
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single
Boerhaave&;s syndrome is due to
BOERHAAVE&;S syndrome is a tear in the lower third of oesophagus which occurs when a person vomits against a closed glottis, causing leaks into the mediastinum, pleural cavity, and peritoneum.site of perforation is about 2-10 cm of posterolateral pa of the lower oesophagus.investigations include chest Xray, MRI/CT, and...
3
Drug induced esophagus perforation
Corrosive injury
Spontaneous perforation
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease
Surgery
G.I.T
840dbf43-e03c-4050-bd33-ec56621f0aef
single
What is the effective antodote for acetaminophen overdose in a 28 year old suicidal patient?
N-acetylcysteine is used as an effective antidote for acetaminophen overdose. In acetaminophen overdose, N-acetylcysteine, a sulfhydryl-containing acetaminophen-specific antidote, replenishes hepatic stores of glutathione by acting as a glutathione surrogate, combining directly with reactive acetaminophen metabolites a...
1
N-Acetyl cysteine
N-Glycolamine
Penicillamine
Fomipezole
Forensic Medicine
null
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Green blue postmoem discoloration is seen in which poisoning ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hydrogen sulphide
3
Cyanide
Carbon monoxide
Hydrogen sulphide
Hydrogen sulphide
Forensic Medicine
null
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A 23-year-old woman with no other medical history was diagnosed with hypertension 6 months ago. She was initially treated with hydrochlorothiazide, followed by the addition of lisinopril, followed by a calcium channel blocker, but her blood pressure has not been well controlled. She assures the provider that she is tak...
This patient is abnormally young to have essential hypertension, and the renal bruit is highly suggestive of a secondary cause of the condition: renal artery stenosis caused by fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). FMD is more common in young females (85%-90% of patients are women). The exact etiology of the condition is unkn...
4
Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)
Cushing syndrome
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia
Medicine
Kidney
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In co-arctation of aoa of the post -ductal type, all of the following blood vessels take pa in forming the collaterals execpt:
D i.e. Veebral aery
4
Axillary aery
Posterior intercostal aery
Suprascapular aery
Veebrall aery
Anatomy
null
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Jumping gene is:
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Transposon(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 63 and 8th/e, p. 64)Transposons are also known as jumping genes.Transposons are also known as jumping genes. They move between chromosomal DNA and extra chromosomal DNA within cell. They take part in drug resistance mechanism.
1
Transposon
Cosmid
Episome
Plasmid
Microbiology
General
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All are a complication of Typhoid ulcer, EXCEPT -
null
2
Perforation
Stricture
Haemorrhage
Sepsis
Pathology
null
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multi
Phenylbutyrate is used in the treatment of urea cycle disorders, because
Phenylbutyrate and sodium benzoate act as ammonia(nitrogen) scavengers.
4
It activates deficient enzymes
It maintains urine output
It acidifies the urine
It scavenges nitrogen.
Biochemistry
null
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In breast Ca 6 cm with fixed ipsilateral axillary lymphnode. The TNM staging is :
null
1
T3N2
T2N2
T4N2
T1N1
Surgery
null
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Removal of senescent RBC from circulation by spleen is called -
null
1
Culling
Pitting
Filtering
Phagocytosis
Surgery
null
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multi
For reduction of cholesterol, the best management includes:
D i.e. Cholesterol restricted diet, high fiber diet with low saturated FA to unsaturated FA ratio.
4
Cholesterol restricted diet
High fiber diet
Diet with high unsaturated FA and low saturated FA
Cholesterol restricted diet, high fiber and diet with low saturated FA to unsaturated FA ratio
Biochemistry
null
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Increased sweat chloride is seen in all except –
Increased sweat chloride is seen in - Cystic fibrosis                                                                                                                       Malnutrition                                                                                                                         Pancreatitis  ...
4
Ectodermal dysplasia
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Glucose 6 phosphatase deficiency
Obesity
Pediatrics
null
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multi
A 17 years old female patient came to emergency one & half hour after severe H2SO4 poisoning with features of hypotension, restlessness, next step is
Ans. is 'd' i.e Antidote should be given Treatment plan of Sulphuric acid poisoning include:Avoid gastric lavage or emeticsStomach tubes are contraindicated.Alkaline carbonates & bicarbonates, which liberate C02 should not be used as they may cause gastric distention & rupture.Neutralization of the acid by milk of magn...
4
Ryle's tube intubation
LV fluid sedation, monitoring
Gastric lavage
Antidote should be given
Forensic Medicine
Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques
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Reversible cause of dementia -a) Post encephalitisb) Multi infarctc) Hydrocephalusd) Senile dementia
Chronic meningoencephalitis and hydrocephalus are reversible causes of dementia.
4
a
bc
ad
ac
Psychiatry
null
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single
Scurvy is due to deficiency of
Deficiency of ascorbic acid results in scurvy, a disease characterized by sore and spongy gums, loose teeth, fragile blood vessels, swollen joints, and anemia. Many of the deficiency symptoms can be explained by a deficiency in the hydroxylation of collagen, resulting in defective connective tissue.Reference: Lippincot...
1
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
Vitamin E
Biochemistry
vitamins
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Congenital rubella syndrome may cause all the following except:
null
4
Patent ductus arteriosus
Spontaneous abortion
Sensory nerve deafness
None of the above
Medicine
null
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multi
True about cystic duct stump stone are A/E
.Relative Contraindications of cholecystectomy includes, * End stage cirrhosis, ascites or poal hypeension. * Cholangitis: Cholecystectomy should be done after the control of cholangitis. * CBD stones: Here, initially ERCP and stone extraction is done from CBD, then laparoscopic cholecystectomy is done.Complications ca...
2
Stone cause of postop pain
Re-cholecystectomy is the definite treatment of choice
ERCP is the investigation of choice to diagnose
Basket extraction is the Mx of choice
Surgery
G.I.T
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multi
Tone of lower esophageal sphincter is increased by-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Acetylcholine Lower esophageal sphinctero Unlike the rest of the esophagus, the musculature of the gastroesophageal junction (lower esophageal sphincter: LES) is tonically active but relaxes on swallowing,o The tonic activity of the LES between meals prevents reflux of gastirc contents into the esopha...
3
NO
VIP
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine
Physiology
Physiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders
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single
LCAT is involved in
Cholesterol Pool and Cholesterol MetabolismThe total body cholesterol content varies from 130-150 grams. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) transpos cholesterol from the liver to the peripheral tissues and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) transpos cholesterol from tissues to liver. Cells of extrahepatic tissues take up choles...
3
Transpo of dictory cholesterol
Transpo of dietory TGs
Reverse cholesterol transpo
None
Biochemistry
Metabolism of lipid
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multi
Which of the following is used for treatment of Alzheimer's disease?
Tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine, THA), a long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor and muscarinic modulator, was the first drug shown to have any benefit in Alzheimer's disease. Because of its hepatic toxicity, tacrine has been almost completely replaced in clinical use by newer cholinesterase inhibitors: donepezil, rivast...
4
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
All of the above
Psychiatry
null
a50b09f1-ca5d-49df-a9e2-3de768ffc30e
multi
Exchange of sodium for potassium in the distal convoluted tubule is regulated primarily by:
The distal convoluted tubule in the kidney coex functions to reabsorb sodium and secrete potassium. This is regulated by the adrenal hormone aldosterone as stimulated by angiotensin II which will increase reabsorption of sodium and secrete potassium. The distal convoluted tubule also functions in the continuation of bi...
2
Angiotensin 1
Aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Androstenedione
Physiology
null
2babcd35-7be3-4ff5-b8b9-ae8b41c300da
single
Which of the following is used for antibiotic sensitivity testing
Muller-Hinton agar is a microbiological growth medium that is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. It is also used to isolate and maintain Neisseria and Moraxella species Ref ananthnarayana and panikers microbiology textbook 8/e
2
Thayer main medium
Mueller hinton agar
Chocolate agar
None of the above
Microbiology
general microbiology
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multi
Chymotrypsinogen is a:
Ans. d. Zymogen: (Ref: Lippincott 4/e p64, 443, 248-49; Harper 29/e p89, 519, 651-53)Chymotrypsinogen or prochymotrypsin is a proprotein, proenzyme or zymogen."Chymotrypsinogen or prochymotrypsin is a proprotein, proenzyme or zymogen. Trypsin can then activate chymotrypsinogen to chymotrypsin, proelastase to elastase. ...
4
Transaminase
Carboxypeptidase
Clot lysing protein
Zymogen
Biochemistry
Miscellaneous (Enzymes)
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Tumorlysis syndrome is associated with all of the following laboratory features except -
null
2
Hyperkalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hyperuricemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Medicine
null
171b2ebf-8c3e-4c5a-b7b9-f9e5ef540e69
multi
Which of the following is a stimulus for closure of ductus arteriosus?
a. Increased O2 tension(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2162)In the course of several days after birth, the high arterial Po2 constricts and eventually closes the ductus arteriosus, which eventually becomes the ligamentum arteriosum
1
Increased O2 tension
Hypoxia
Prematurity
Hypercapnia
Pediatrics
C.V.S.
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single
Laplace's law for cylinder?
Ans. c (P = T/R) (Ref. Ganong Physiology 22nd/584)LAPLACE'S LAW states that wall tension (T) is proportional to the product of intraventricular pressure (P) and ventricular radius (r).-----------------------------T. p.r# P = 2T/R.... IN A SPHERE (BECAUSE R1=R2).# P = T/r.... In a Cylinder like blood vessel (one radius ...
3
P = T/R PT ( 1/rl - l/r2)
P = 2T/R
P = T/R
None of the above
Physiology
Heart, Circulation, and Blood
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Myoclonus in children is best treated by:
Myoclonic and atonic seizures-control is often incomplete, but valproate is the drug of choice. Myoclonic Seizures. Myoclonic seizures are characterized by brief, jerking spasms of a muscle or muscle group. They often occur with atonic seizures, which cause sudden muscle limpness. The word "myoclonic" combines the Gree...
2
Clonazepam
Sodium Valproate
Phenobarbitone
Ethosuccimide
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
22535dc3-c846-42f8-87bf-62fd133a2b06
single
Transplantation of which one of the following organs is most often associated with hyper acute rejection?
Ans. (b) KidneyRef: Bailey 26th edition, Page 1409* Hyperacute rejection is most common in Kidney* Hyperacute rejection is very rare in liver
2
Heart
Kidney
Lungs
Liver
Surgery
Transplantation
f53b3d5e-9d2a-4697-be1e-bfedf89275b3
single
Which of the following is not a feature of sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease Caused by missense mutation in the b-globin gene that leads to the replacement of a charged glutamate residue with a hydrophobic valine residue. Mutation promotes the polymerization of deoxygenated hemoglobin, leading to red cell distoion (sickling), hemolytic anemia, microvascular obstruction, and ...
2
Autosplenectomy
Heterozygous individuals are at increased risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection
Ischemic tissue damage
Hydroxyurea is used as a therapeutic agent
Pathology
Megaloblastic Anemia
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Maximum risk of death is seen in which week of the neonatal period?
The major causes of neonatal moality are prematurity/low bihweight (LBW) and congenital anomalies.Moality is highest during the 1st 24 hr after bih.Neonatal moality accounts for about two-thirds of all infant deaths (deaths before 1 yr of age).(Refer: Nelson, Chapter 93; pg no. 789)
1
First week
Second week
Third week
Fouh week
Pediatrics
All India exam
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single
Rose spot is associated with?
Enteric fever: In 25% of cases, a macular or maculopapular rash (rose spots) may be visible around the 7th-10th day of the illness These lesions may be difficult to see in dark-skinned children.
1
Typhoid fever
Malaria
Scarlet fever
Wilson disease
Pediatrics
Impoant Bacterial Diseases in Children
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Koener's tumor are seen in?
Ans. (a) Tuberous sclerosis(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 516)Ungual fibromas or Koenen's tumors are angiofibromas which occur in the lateral nail groove, along the proximal nail fold or under the nail. They are seen in Tuberous Sclerosis
1
Tuberous sclerosis
Neurofibromatosis
VHL
NF
Pathology
Central Nervous System
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When to do surgery in pancreatic ascites?
PANCREATIC ASCITES: MANAGEMENT Pancreatic ascites occurs from a pancreatic duct disruption or from a leaking pseudocyst. High amylase levels are found in the ascitic fluid. Initial treatment: Non operative (elimination of enteral feeding, institution of nasogastric drainage, and administration of somatostatin) Repeat p...
2
Symptomatic
Recurrent ascites following abdominal drainage
Not responding to medical therapy
Leak from the stented duct
Surgery
Pancreas
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Hypertension with hypokalemia is found in
Hypertension in Bartter's & Gitelman's.
3
Bartter syndrome
Gitelman's syndrome
Liddle's syndrome
All the above
Medicine
null
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multi
Spiral field defect is a feature of
HYSTERICAL BLINDNESS It is a form of psychoneurosis, commonly seen in attention-seeking personalities, especially females. It is characterised by sudden bilateral loss of vision.There may be associated blepharospasm and lacrimation. Visual fields are concentrically contracted. One can commonly find spiral fields as the...
1
Hysterical amblyopia
Amblyopia exanopsia
Toxic amblyopia
Malingering
Ophthalmology
Neuro-ophthalmology
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Most common organism causing meningitis in a 1 year old child -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Streptococcus pneumoniae
1
Streptococcus pneumoniae
H. influenza
Listeria
Neisseria meningitidis
Pediatrics
null
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All of the statements are true about FLUORO QUINOLONES, except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Increased Neuromuscular blocking action Fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in children < 18 years of age, because of evidence in animals of cailage damage in developing joints. o They are contraindicated in pregnancy because of concerm for the developing fetus (teratogenicity) o Fluoroquinolones are...
4
Suspected of having teratogenic potential
Ahropathy of limb-in children may occur
Increase theophylline toxicity
Increase neuromuscular blocking action
Pharmacology
null
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All are true about pouchitis except:
Ans. (d) Episodes of pouchitis will not respond to antibioticsTreatment protocol for pouchitis:* 1st line: Ciplox + Metronidazole* 2nd line: Probiotics added* 3rd line: Add ASA compounds* 4th line: Pouchectomy and permanent ileostomy
4
Probiotics have shown promising response
Cause may be related to mucosal ischemia
Most commonly seen in ulcerative colitis surgeries
Episodes of pouchitis will not respond to antibiotics
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
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Most common anorectal fistula:
PARK'S CLASSIFICATION Type 1 Inter- sphincteric (MC) Type 2 Trans- sphincteric Type3 Supra- sphincteric Type4 Extra- sphincteric Investigations - First investigation - Fistulogram - IOC- MRI Treatment High morbidity * Fistulotomy -Incision over fistula tract it * Fistulectomy- Excision of fistula tract. * SETON * VAAFT...
1
Inter sphincteric
Trans sphincteric
Supra sphincteric
Extra sphincteric
Surgery
Rectum and anal canal
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All are Phenolic disinfectant except-
Phenol (carbolic acid) is a powerful microbicidal substance. This and other phenolic disinfectant derived from coal tar are widely used as a disinfectant for various purposes in hospitals. Lysol and Cresol are active against a wide range of organisms. They are not readily inactivated by the presence of organic matter a...
1
Dettol
Cresol
Lysol
Carbolic acid
Microbiology
general microbiology
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multi
"Indican" is a metabolite of
Indian is a major excretory product in the metabolism of tryptophanRef: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, page no: 242, fig 18.11
2
Histidine
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
Valine
Biochemistry
Metabolism of protein and amino acid
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Hanging is established by :
C i.e. Staining of saliva
3
Fracture of hyoid cailage
Fracture of thyroid cailage
Staining of saliva
All
Forensic Medicine
null
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Ivermectin is used in all except-
Ivermectin is a recently developed macrocyclic lactone that has widespread antiparasitic activity. A series of clinical trials has shown that ivermectin is safe and effective in the treatment of human infection with Onchocerca volvulus. Its use promises to revolutionise the treatment of onchocerciasis. Ivermectin for t...
2
Ascariasis
Malaria
Filariasis
Onchocerciasis
Medicine
Infection
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For the past week, a 65-year-old woman has been treated for a severe infection with broad-spectrum antibiotics, and she had recovered well. Over the past day, however, she has developed foul-smelling, voluminous, greenish, watery diarrhea, as well as abdominal pain and fever. She is diagnosed with pseudomembranous coli...
- Pseudomembranous colitiis Overgrowth of C. difficile following antibiotic therapy d/t destruction of normal intestinal flora. Aka Antibiotic-associated colitis / Antibiotic-associated diarrhea Produces exotoxin that induces necrosis of superficial mucosa, -Pseudomembrane formation. Bacteria itself does not invade the...
2
Aggregation of bacterial colonies on the lumen, forming pseudomembranes
Bacterial release of exotoxin, inducing necrosis of the mucosa
Physical invasion of bacteria into the superficial mucosa, leading to pseudomembrane formation
Selective killing of C. difficile bacteria by antibiotics
Pathology
Small Intestine Malabsorption disorders
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Pars planitis is also known as
Ans. a (Intermediate uveitis) (Ref. Parson's 19th/pg. 360 & Basak's Ophthalmology, 2nd /p. 151; Q. 157 of MH-2007)INTERMEDIATE UVEITIS (PARS PLANITIS)# Thought to be immunological reaction# 2nd to 4th decade# Usually trilateral (80%)# Floaters & blurring of vision# Snow-ball vitreous opacities# Snow-bank exudates over ...
1
Intermediate uveitis
Anterior uveitis
Posterir uveitis
Pan uveitis
Ophthalmology
Uveal Tract
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Decreased glucose concentration in hepatic cells triggers all of the following except –
Decreased glucose level leads to increased levels of glucagon . Glucagon inhibits activity of PFK-2, and stimulates the activity of Fructose 2,6 biphosphatase . Activation of fructose-2,6-biphosphatase leads to decreased level of fructose-2,6-biphosphate levels . Ref: Harper’s illustrated Biochemistry 27th ed.
4
Increased glucagon levels in blood
Activation of fructose-2,6-biphosphatase
Inhibition of phosphofructokinase-2
Increased fructose-2,6-biphosphate levels
Unknown
null
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multi
Which of the following is not a prominent risk factor for stroke?
Alcohol is not a prominent risk factor for stroke or hea disease but is for cancer and motor vehicle accidents. Ref: Park's textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 21stedition, page-37
4
High blood pressure
Elevated cholesterol
Smoking
Alcohol
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Inflammation in the airways can be reduced by:
fluticasone an example of inhaled steroid coicosteroids suppress bronchial inflammation by stimulating lipocoin production and inhibiting phospholipase A2 after binding to intracellular receptors ESSENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY SEVENTH EDITION KD TRIPATHI PG NO.230
1
Fluticasone
Budesonide
Theophylline
Salbutamol
Pharmacology
Respiratory system
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single
In Gonorrhoea -- which is not a presenting feature?
Symptoms dysuria vaginal discharge excessive irritant acute unilateral pain and swelling over labia rectal discomfo labia look swollen and inflamed D.C.DUTTA'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY,Pg no:147,6th edition
3
Discharge
dysuria
Hematuria
Reddened lips of vulva and vagina
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Infections of the genital tract
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single
Enchondral ossification is/are seen in:
A i.e. Long bones Endochondral ossification is seen in long bones, veebrae, pelvis, and bones of base of skullQ; whereas intramembranous ossification occurs in skull vault, flat bones of skull, maxilla, majority of mandible and clavicleQ
1
Long bones
Flat bones of skull
Clavicle
Mandible
Anatomy
null
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single
Which of the following is not associated with active chronic hepatitis B?
Diagnostic tests for ch. hepatitis B is FIBsAg, lgG anti-HBc, HBcAg, HBv DNA. IgM anti-HBc is present in acute hepatitis B infections which disappears gradually will the appearance of IgG antiHBc. Ref - Harrison's internal medicine 20e pg 2349 t
2
HBsAg
IgM anti-HBcAg
HBeAg
Anti-HBsAg
Medicine
Infection
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single
The number of bacteria on skin are -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., >1010 It has been calculated that a human adult has about 1012 bacteria on the skin, 1010 in the mouth and 1014 in thegastrointestinal tract. ---------Textbook of bacteriology
4
10l- 102
102- 105
105-1010
1010
Microbiology
Misc.
ce6c0cd1-7977-4493-bad7-efa6436ba805
single
For a dental hand instrument with a formula of 10-8.5-8-14, the number 10 refers to ________.
The first number is the width of the blade or primary cutting edge in tenths of a millimeter (0.1  mm).  The second number of a four-number code indicates the primary cutting edge angle, measured  from a line parallel to the long axis of the instrument handle in clockwise centigrades. The angle is  expressed as a percen...
1
The width of the blade in tenths of a millimeter
The primary cutting edge angle in centigrades
The blade length in millimeters
The blade angle in centigrades
Dental
null
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single
According to MTP Act, 2 doctor's opinion is required when pregnancy is :
Ans. is c i.e. > 12 weeks Medical termination of Pregnancy act passed in 1971deg is an impoant topic. Many questions are asked on this topic. I am giving MTP Act in detail - Do go through it. THE MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ACT, 1971 In India. the MTP act was passed in August 1971 and came into effect from April 1...
3
10 weeks
6 weeks
> 12 weeks
> 20 weeks
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
According to Body weight method what is the amount of IV fluid required in first 24 hours for a child weighing 14 kg?
Ans. b (1200) (Ref. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 17th ed. Table 46-1)BODY WEIGHT METHOD FOR CALCULATING MAINTENANCE FLUID VOLUMEBody WeightFluid per Day0-10 kg100 mL/kg11-20 kg1,000 mL + 50 mL/kg for each kg > 10 kg> 20 kg1,500 mL + 20 mL/kg for each kg > 10 kg** The maximum total fluid per day is normally 2,400 mL.M...
2
1000
1200
1400
Any of the above
Pediatrics
Fluid & Electrolyte
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multi
A 55yr old women diagnosed to be Ca cervix stage 2B advised for chemo radiation Which of the following is true statement
REF : SHAW GYNECOLOGY
4
small bowel is most radio resistant
small blood vessels are most radio resistant
rapidly proliferating cells are most radio resistant
dose intensity of radiation is inversely propoional to the square of distance of the source
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
ed09eab8-e309-4229-9b9d-ebcb59650b8a
multi
Fatal dose of methanol is?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 150 ml * Methanol is highly toxic alcohol. It is metabolized to formaldehyde (by alcohol dehydrogenase) and formic acid (by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase). It can be present in contaminated country liquor used to denature ethanol.* It is the accumulation of formic acid which causes toxic effects in metha...
2
15 ml
150 ml
500 ml
650 ml
Forensic Medicine
Toxicology
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single
Non-sterile hypopyon is seen in -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Fungal infection o Hypopyon refers to accumulation ofpolymorphonuclear leucocytes in the lower angle of anterior chamber. Many pyogenic organisms (Staphylococcus, streptococci, gonococci, Moraxella) and fungi may produce hypopyon but by far the most dangerous are pseudomonas pyogenea and pneumococcus....
3
Pneumococcus infection
Pseudomonas infection
Fungal infection
Gonococcal infection
Ophthalmology
Inflammations of the Cornea
25736212-c5b4-4920-8e33-c1b80716a9f9
single
The most likely precursor to bronchiectasis is
BronchiectasisAbnormal and permanent dilatation of bronchi.The bronchial dilatation of bronchiectasis of is associated with destructive and inflammatory changes in the walls of medium-sized airways, often at the level of segmental or subsegmental bronchi.Types of bronchiectasisCylindrical bronchiectasis Varicose bronch...
4
Tuberculosis
Carcinoma
Bronchial adenoma
Bronchopneumonia
Anatomy
All India exam
a93cf1bd-dcf3-4782-babf-52b0e4651318
single
What is the BMI for obese person: March 2010
Ans. D: More than 30
4
Less than 18.5
Less than 18.5
25-29.9
More than 30
Physiology
null
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single
Classical triad of symptoms of depression includes all except ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Distractibility Clinical features of depression The classical triad of depression is depressed mood, psychomotor retardation, and slowed-down thinking. Mood : Mood is characteriztically low and sad. There is loss of interest and pleasure in almost all activities, which result in social withdrawal, avo...
3
Depressed mood
Slowed thinking
Distractibility
Psychomotor retardation
Psychiatry
null
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multi
Munchausen's syndrome by proxy involves:
Munchausen syndrome by proxy This rare disorder is where a parent or caregiver repeatedly fabricates an illness or disability in a child they are looking after, for the benefit of themselves. The adult involved is most frequently the child's mother, but not always. There are several impoant aspects to this condition Th...
3
Drug abuse
Toxin mediated neuropsychiatric disorder
Illness caused by caregiver
All of the above
Psychiatry
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
357fdb27-87e9-4ca8-81ab-fe2355e723d5
multi
Most common cause of neuropathic joint:
Ans: a (Diabetes) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 2060; 17th ed, p. 2180Most common cause of neuropathic joint is diabetesNeuropathic joint (Charcot joint)It is a progressive destructive arthritis associated with loss of pain sensation, proprioception or both.Clinical featuresIt begins as a single joint and then progresses ...
1
Diabetes
Amyloidosis
Syphilis
Leprosy
Medicine
Immunology and Rheumatology
2949130e-edee-4fcb-98ef-315340ac86ba
single
A 11 month old child presents with complaints of respiratory distress. On examination there is bilateral crepitation and wheezing. Which of the following is the most likely cause -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Respiratory synchytial virus o The child presenting with respiratory distress and bilateral crepitations and wheezing, we have to suspect brochiolitis.
3
Pneumonia
Adenovirus
Respiratory synchytial virus
Rhinovirus
Pediatrics
null
5c1b49eb-b61c-4464-b56a-982be32cb87b
single
After thyroidectomy for medullary carcinoma of thyroid, which is impoant for determining recurrence of a tumour?
High levels of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen are produced by many medullary tumours, which should be tested for in suspected cases.Calcitonin levels fall after resection and rise again with recurrence, making it a valuable tumour marker in the follow-up of patients with this disease.Ref: Bailey and Love...
3
Thyroglobulin
TSH
Calcitonin
Thyroxine
Surgery
Endocrinology and breast
60f3b070-f393-4a43-9dbd-d78a4a97839e
single
A 2 years old child is brought to the emergency with history of fever and vomiting. On examination he has neck rigidity. The CSF examination shows polymorphs more that 2000/ml protein 100 mg/dl and glucose 10mg/dl. The Gram stain shows the presence of Gram negative coccobacilli. The culture shows growth of bacteria onl...
null
2
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae
Branhamella catarrhalis
Legionella pneumophila
Microbiology
null
7c1173f5-c1a5-4ef3-b468-c92881092253
single
A lady presented to your with a history of recurent early pregnancy loss. What are the investigation to be ordered:
Ans. is C i.e. Hemogram /blood grouping? As discussed in previous answer? Complete blood counts along with platelet count are done in case of recurrent pregnancy loss. VDRL-To test for syphilis Rubella-virus screening are not done because as discussed earlier, infections rarely lead to recurrent Toxoplasma serology pre...
3
VDRL
Toxoplasma serology
Hemogram/Blood grouping
Rubella screening
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
3e10afe5-f8e9-470e-a549-b93f182624b9
single
"Gate" cells in the hea are:
Purkinje fibers at the apex, where impulse is passed on from Purkinje fibers to ventricular muscle, are the so-called "gate cells".
4
Cells in SA node
Cells in AV node
Cells in his bundle
Cells in Purkinje fibers
Physiology
Conducting System of Hea
61675305-3efd-4d04-8337-9b647574cfa6
single
At what age (in years) does-a child attain a height of 100 cms?
Ans. (c) 4 yearsRef: OP Ghai 8th ed./13* Length of Indian baby at birth=50cm* Length at 1 year=75cm* Length at 4 1/2 years= 100cm* Subsequently 5-6 cm/year* Pubertal growth spurt=6-8cm/year
3
2
3
4
5
Pediatrics
Assessment of Growth
77bcc3c0-fb26-434d-ad8b-9819bc518c46
single
Clinical features of pseudocyesis are all of the following except :
Enlargement of uterus
2
Quickening
Enlargement of uterus
Amenorrhea
False labor
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
e5f25259-40a0-46b3-a25b-c216809a3262
multi
Stapedius muscle is supplied by.....nerve:
A i.e. Facial nerve
1
Facial
Vagus
Glossopharyngeal
Trochlear
Anatomy
null
85ed2c91-8dbe-4f24-a54c-58760c25f7cf
single
Most common complication of mid shaft humerus fracture is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Radial nerve palsy Complications of humerus shaft fractureNerve injury : - Radial nerve is the most commonly injured nerve in fracture shaft humerus. It is particularly common in oblique fractures at the junction of middle and distal third of the bone (Holstein- Lews fracture).Vascular injury : - Brac...
1
Radial nerve palsy
Median nerve palsy
Nonunion
Malunion
Orthopaedics
Humerus Fractures
7056c115-c69a-4509-9463-cb821c2a47a8
single
The tumor suppressor gene P53 induces cell arrest at-
Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. In blocking mitotic activity p53 inhibits the cyclins and CDKs and prevent the cell to enter G1 phase transientally. This breaking time in the cell cycle is utilised by the cell to repair the DNA damage..
3
G2 - M phase
S G2 phase
G1 - S phase
Go - phase
Pathology
General pathology
5b4dc106-e2e8-40b2-aaff-5efe31f4fed3
single
Which of the following can delivery 100% oxygen
Devices used foroxygen therapy Performance of these devices can be described according to 1. Themaximum oxygen concentrationachievable to be delivered to the patient, and the reliability/ variability with which the devices do that. Looking at the reliability and variability of oxygen delivery to the patient we can divi...
2
Venturi mask
Anesthetic face mask
Hudson mask
Non - rebreather face mask
Anaesthesia
Airway
0799ebd4-a3f4-49fd-9c2c-93880fffcc2f
single
The following are characteristic of autism, EXCEPT:
The onset of autistic disorder always occurs before age 3, at two peak periods. Autistic disorders are characterized by the triad of impaired social interaction, communication and imagination. These are associated with rigid repetitive pattern of behaviour. Ref: Essential Pediatrics By O P Ghai, 6th Edition, Page 65; A...
1
Onset after 6 years of age
Repetitive behavior
Delayed language development
Severe deficit in social interaction
Psychiatry
null
af90713f-ef43-4591-ba9c-85b1955087de
multi
Epley's test is used for which of the following conditions?
Benign paroxysmal positional veigo (BPPV) is characterised by veigo when the head is placed in a ceain critical position. There is no hearing loss or other neurologic symptoms. Disease is caused by a disorder of posterior semicircular canal. The condition can be treated by performing Epley's manoeuvre. The principle of...
1
Benign paroxysmal positional veigo
Basilar migraine
Ohostatic hypotension
Thoracic outlet syndrome
ENT
null
2496161d-375c-4c65-8779-d9a40cb1e0bb
single
Epidemic relapsing fever is transmitted by?
ANSWER: (A) LouseREF: Park textbook of preventive and social medicine 20th edition page 684 "Epidemic relapsing fever is transmitted by Louse"Always remember:Epidemic typhus Endemic typhus Epidemic relapsing fever Endemic relapsing feverLouse Rat flea Louse Soft tickDiseases transmitted by louse can be remembered as "P...
1
Louse
Soft tick
Hard tick
Rat flea
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and Health
17e2381b-2573-4852-a8b9-b3ed20f349ce
single
Isolation period of Hepatitis A after the onset of jaundice is:
Isolation: The period of isolation is determined by the duration of communicability of the disease and the effect of chemotherapy on infectivity. Period of infectivity: the risk of transmitting Hepatitis A virus is greatest from 2 weeks before to 1 week after the onset of jaundice. Thus isolation of the patient 2 weeks...
1
1 week
2 week
3 week
4 week
Microbiology
null
e6a81818-8983-44cd-bdcb-0a8c42c67086
single
MC presentation of Hodgkin's disease: March 2013
Ans. B i.e. Palpable lymphadenopathy Hodgkins lymphoma Malignant cells of Hodgkin's disease are: Reed Sternberg cells/ RS RS cells are positive for: -- CD15 and -- CD30 Subtype of Hodgkin's disease, which is NOT positive for CD15 and CD30: Lymphocytic predominant Lacunar cells are seen in: Nodular sclerosis type of lym...
2
Weight loss
Palpable lymphadenopathy
Fever
Night sweats
Medicine
null
8bc9723e-6d0e-4db8-88ac-b7a70b89d885
single
A 42-year-old female is admitted to the hospital with dyspnea. Imaging reveals severe mitral valve regurgitation. Which of the following structures prevents regurgitation of the mitral valve cusps into the left atrium during systole?
The chordae tendineae are fibrous cords that connect papillary muscles to valve leaflets. The restraint provided by these cords on the valve leaflets prevents the prolapse of the mitral valve cusps into the left atrium. The crista terminalis is a ridge that runs from the opening of the inferior vena cava to the superio...
4
Crista terminalis
Crista supraventricularis
Pectinate muscles
Chordae tendineae
Anatomy
Thorax
1ee59766-772f-4e95-8f33-e7209abe451a
single
True about Erythema Marginatum in Acute Rheumatic fever is:
Answer is D (usually associated with carditis) Erythema marginatum and sub cutaneous nodules are usually associated with carditis manifestation Erythema marginatum is a rare (< 3%) manifestation of Acute Rheumatic fever. Rash is charachteristically non pruiritic and almost never involves the face.
4
Pruiritic
Commonly involves face
Common manifestation of Acute Rheumatic fever
Usually associated with carditis
Medicine
null
479500f5-f2a3-480d-810c-cde48dce8139
multi
Pathognomic finding of rabies is: March 2012
Ans: D i.e. Negri bodiesPathologic changes and associated conditionsIn tuberculosis, aeries running through the subarachnoid space may show obliterative endaeritis with inflammatory infiltrates in their walls and marked intimal thickeningHIV encephalitis is best characterized microscopically as a chronic inflammatory r...
4
Obliterative endaeritis
Microglial nodules
Neuronophagia
Negri bodies
Pathology
null
168c379a-1ae2-4c75-befb-f6f5ba6f2661
single
A 64-year-old man presents with symptoms of difficulty swallowing and weight loss of 10 lb. He has no prior history of heartburn, stomach ulcers, or difficulty swallowing. He smokes one pack a day for the past 45 years and drinks approximately 5 oz of alcohol a day. He is thin appearing, there are no oral lesions, and ...
The history of weight loss and dysphagia suggests carcinoma of the esophagus, and squamous cell carcinoma is a disease that occurs in older men who drink and smoke heavily. Smoking and or excessive drinking are considered etiologic factors in the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas arise within dysp...
4
adenocarcinoma of esophagus
esophageal web
achalasia
squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus
Medicine
Oncology
49c25122-3125-4bd9-b82f-f76f52f788a9
multi
Monoamniotic monochorionic twins develop if division occurs after:
Ans: c (8 days) Ref: Dutta, 6th ed, p. 203If the division occurs after 8th day of fertilization, when the amniotic cavity has already formed, a monoamniotic--monochorionic twins developsTwins:There are two different types of twins -- dizygotic and monozygotic(i) Biovular - (Dizygotic/ Fraternal twins) - Diamniotic dich...
3
24 hrs
1-3 days
8 days
14 days
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
92519ea0-6846-458c-a81e-70d2396646f4
single
A baby can follows an object with 180°, can hold neck, can sit with support but can not sit without support.The age of the baby is – a) 1 monthb) 3 monthsc) 5 monthsd) 6 monthse) 9 months
A child follows object upto 180° by 3 months, ---- Meharban Singh 3'.d/e 67. Neck holding develops by 3 months. A child can sit with support by 5 months and can sit without support by 8 months. So, the age of this child is between 5-8 months, which may be 5 months (option c) or 6 months (option d) or 7 months.
1
cd
bc
bd
ac
Pediatrics
null
df96db51-b0bd-457f-ab91-81b876360bd9
single
Tumor marker for papillary carcinoma of thyroid is ?
Thyroglobulin is a glycoprotein specific to the follicular cell, facilitates the conversion of MIT and DIT into T3 and T4. Measurement of peripheral thyroglobulin has predictive value for the recurrence of DTC (differentiated thyroid cancers) locally or in metastatic deposits after initial total thyroidectomy Source : ...
2
Calcitonin
Thyroglobulin
Chromogranin A
Tyrosinase
Surgery
Endocrinology and breast
ecbd496a-6f73-48de-9c6e-ebcb72d84118
single
Auditory pathway passes through:
Ans. A Medial geniculate body I. Auditory pathway: SC-SLIM-41,42 II. S- Spiral ganglia (cochlea) III. C- Cochlear nuclei (ponto-medullary junction) IV. S-Superior olivary nucleus (pons) V. L-Lateral lemniscus (brain stem) VI. I-Inferior colliculus (mid-brain) VII. M-Medial geniculate body (meta-thalamus) VIII. 41,42 - ...
1
Medial geniculate body
Lateral geniculate body
Reciculate formation
Cerebellar fornix
Anatomy
null
4ff7047e-d3d4-44a2-8bdc-a2b687e178e4
single
Diaphragmatic hernia can occur through all the following, Except :
D i.e. Inferior Vena Cava Opening Venacaval openings are not the site of diaphragmatic herniationQ
4
Esophageal opening
Costoveebral triangle
Costal & sternal attachment of diaphragm
Inferior vena cava opening
Anatomy
null
079fd196-d2c4-4c93-8e85-dd52826ff05a
multi
A person is declared dead if not seen by relatives for how many years -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 7 yearso A person is legally declared dead if not seen for 7 years from the date of declared missing.
2
3 years
7 years
10 years
12 years
Forensic Medicine
Misc.
6d4472c7-7c86-4f2e-9723-e83bac0aa092
single
Used urine bags are disposed in which color bag ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Red Contaminated recylable wastes are disposed in which red color bag. These are tubing, bottles, IV tubes, IV sets, catheters, urine bags, syringes (without needles) and vaccutainers (with their needles cut) and gloves.
1
Red
Yellow
White
Black
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
8c666534-4470-4f09-bc53-de4b9f86a13b
single
All are used in bronchial asthma, except:
Morphine is a drug of emergency, but due care has to be taken in its use.  Infants and the elderly are more susceptible to the respiratory depressant action of morphine.  It is dangerous in patients with respiratory insufficiency (emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, cor pulmonale); sudden deaths have occurred. Morphine acc...
2
Salbutamol
Morphine
Aminophylline
Steroid
Medicine
null
8cc61298-67fb-45a7-b6dd-c71b67eb6d92
multi