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The adverse effect of clozapine - | Side effects of clozapine
Agranulocytosis
Urinary incontinence
Unstable BP & Tachycardia
Hypersalivation (sialorrhoea)
Worsening of diabetes
Weight gain
Seizures
Sedation | 2 | Hypertension | Sialorrhea | Extrapyramidal S/E | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | Psychiatry | null | f0f4b676-ab5a-4469-916c-bdfd4113be62 | single |
Most common cause of death in criminal abortion is? | ANSWER: (B) SepsisREF: Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By R.N.Karmakar page 230, Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Krishan Vij 5th ed fig 26.2The most common complication from illegal abortion is retained product of conception; the most frequent cause of death is infection and sepsis.NATURAL VS CRIMINAL AB... | 2 | Hemorrhage | Sepsis | Air embolism | Perforation | Unknown | null | 54941263-b5cb-47b5-9078-427f5c9d1817 | single |
Most potent statin - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Rosuvastatin o Two most potent statins are Pitavastatin (most potent) and rosuvastatin most potent). | 3 | Simvastatin | Pravastatin | Rosuvastatin | Simvastatin | Pharmacology | null | 5ba3d7de-9e3f-42cf-9ba8-7330fd1c1701 | single |
Contraception of choice for a post paum village woman with one child : | Copper T | 2 | Barrier | Copper T | Oral pills | Spermicide | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 786b732a-ad84-4eed-a356-cf042326920e | single |
All of the following antifungal drugs inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis EXCEPT : | null | 3 | Ketoconazole | Fluconazole | Amphotericin B | None of these | Pharmacology | null | 4a8925ce-13f8-4d7c-b753-873cc4765df8 | multi |
A 33-year-old male immigrant from Taiwan presents with increasing right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain. The pain is dull, and it does not radiate or change with eating. On examination the abdomen is soft, there is a mass in the RUQ, and no ascites is clinically detected. He has a prior history of hepatitis B. His laboratory... | (b) Source: (Devita, pp. 533-534) Only the chronic carrier state increases HCC risk, not previous infection. The majority, but not all, of HCC associated with HBV occurs in the setting of cirrhosis (60-90%). Because the latency period of HBV infection is 35 years, before HCC supervenes, early-life infection is strongly... | 2 | hepatoma | hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | metastatic cancer | hepatic hemangioma | Medicine | Oncology | f8d1aab7-88d9-4a6a-982d-8f8ad20ddd8a | multi |
Which of the following is not done before ABG? | Done Before ABG Allen test: integrity of palmer arch. Heparin: to rinse the syringe Poking the aery at 45-degree angle. Extend wrist joint: Radial Aery tent. | 3 | Allen test | Heparin to rinse the syring | Flexion of wrist | Poking the aery at 45 degrees angle | Medicine | Blood Bank & Transfusion Therapy | 76f0ee5a-e1a2-4021-b892-34dda1735a99 | multi |
Focal lesion in liver is best detected by | MRI in Liver lesions MRI had emerged as the best imaging test for liver lesion detection and characterization MRI provides high lesion-to-liver contrast and does not use radiation Liver-specific contrast media, such as mangofodipir trisodium (taken up by hepatocytes) and ferrumoxides (taken up by kupffer cells) demonst... | 1 | MRI | CT | USG | PET | Surgery | G.I.T | ab67dd74-7d14-41f7-9591-9b8e7a4c4151 | single |
Admixed high copper alloy powder contains | null | 1 | 9-20% copper | 13-20% copper | 9-30% copper | 13-30% copper | Dental | null | 507d5e62-2027-48e6-a7ba-07c8f343da89 | multi |
A patient presents with LMP 8 weeks ago. She has history of delayed cycles in the past. Which of the following is the most accurate way of dating the pregnancy? | CRL is the best USG parameter to determine gestational age in first trimester Crown rump length - it is the longest straight line measurement of the embryo from the other margin of cephalic pole to rump mid-sagittal plane with fetus in neutral , non fixed position - Best seen on TVS - Overall best USG parameter to asse... | 3 | Determination of uterine size on pelvic examination | Quantitative serum HCG level | Crown-rump length on abdominal or vaginal ultrasound | Determination of progesterone level along with serum HCG level | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis of Pregnancy | 8156512f-8a11-47f3-8c3f-edfb0de612aa | single |
Pectinate line is an impoant landmark because? | All of the above | 4 | It marks a divide in nerve supply | It marks the location of change in type of epithelium | It represents a lymphatic and venous divide | All of the above | Anatomy | null | 2f186270-7452-4e77-889d-c0a9bc89b0cc | multi |
A lady used to repeatedly wash her hands due to the fear of acquiring AIDS is due to | (A) OCD # Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric anxiety disorder most commonly characterized by a subject's obsessive, distressing, intrusive thoughts and related compulsions (tasks or "rituals") which attempt to neutralize the obsessions.# Obsessions are defined by:> Recurrent and persistent thoughts, i... | 1 | OCD | Mania | Depression | Anxiety | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous | c337bf74-49d1-4b5d-9838-04319f80bd54 | single |
A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room with a fever of 103degF (38.7degC), chest pain, and productive cough. The patient has a history of recurrent pulmonary disease and respiratory distress. What microorganism recovered from the lungs of this child is virtually diagnostic of cystic fibrosis? | Cystic fibrosis is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disorder in the white population. The disease is characterized by (1) chronic pulmonary disease, (2) deficient exocrine pancreatic function, and (3) other complications of inspissated mucus in a number of organs, including the small intestine, the liver, and... | 4 | Klebsiella sp. | Legionnella sp. | Pneumocystis sp. | Pseudomonas sp. | Pathology | Infectious Disease | df8d695f-de6a-4843-aeed-e80a6ea24c76 | multi |
Conduction velocity in AV node 8c SA node- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 0.05 meter/sec Cardiac tissueConduction velocity (meter/second)SA node0 [?] 05Inteatrial pathways1Atrial muscle0 [?] 30AV node0 [?] 05 (minimum)Bundle of His1Purkinje system4 (maximum)Ventricular muscle1 | 1 | 0.05 meter/sec | 0.5 meter/sec | 1 meter/sec | 5 meter/sec | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood | 5c30c58e-aa88-4ad7-9c3f-59e0fbae78c0 | single |
Which of the following cells do Natural killer cells attack? | . Cells which are not able to express MHC 1 | 2 | Cells which express MHC 1 | Cells which are not able to express MHC 1 | MHC cells which express MHC 2 | Cells which are not able to express MHC | Pathology | null | 67addd49-aef4-4a17-8a92-cb1d6d4c5048 | single |
Continues scrutiny of factors that affect the occurence of a disease is - | Surveillance has been defined as the continuous scrutiny of all aspects of occurrence and the spread of diseases that are peinent to effective control. Surveillance goes beyond the passive repoing of cases Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 138 | 3 | Epidemiology | Monitoring | Surveillance | Screening | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 382bb95e-7844-47d5-8371-4cfd97a22c7d | single |
Most common site of tear in Mallory-weiss syndrome is in | MALLORY WEISS syndrome is seen in adults with severe prolonged vomiting, causing a longitudinal tear in the mucosa of the stomach at and just below the cardia leading to severe hematemesis.violent vomiting may be due to a migraine or veigo or following a bout of alcohol.common in 1 o' clock position.investigations incl... | 4 | Upper esophagus | Mid operation | Lower esophagus | Cardia stomach | Surgery | G.I.T | d5e663c9-e7c1-4d04-866a-8fd26dea53b1 | multi |
A patient presented with 2 months history of increased ICP, with massive parietal edema, CT/MRI shows single and were circumscribed region lesion | (A) Granuloma > Granuloma usually presents with increased ICP, with massive parietal edema. CT/MRI shows single circumscribed region lesion. Gliomas include astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and mixed tumours. Common sites include the cerebellum, optic nerve and chiasma, hypothalamus and brainstem. Diffuse astrocytomas ... | 1 | Granuloma | Metastases | Glioblastoma | All of the above | Surgery | Miscellaneous | ba2134ba-abee-4784-b236-ce9d70776cf7 | multi |
Incineration is done for waste category ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Category 6 | 3 | Category 7 | Category 9 | Category 6 | Category 5 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5a4be86e-b212-46aa-91ba-101c6bf23dd7 | single |
Pathognomic factors involved in foot ulcers in DM include all, Except: | Answer is C (Microangiopathic changes in blood vessels): Macroangiopathic changes in blood vessels in the form of peripheral aerial disease contribute to the generation of foot ulcers and non microangiopathic changes. Pathogenic Factors in generation of foot ulcers in DM Neuropathy (Peripheral Sensory neuropathy): Trop... | 3 | Trophic ulcers | Neuropathy | Microangiopathic changes in blood vessels | Macroangiopathy | Medicine | null | daeb3aaf-6056-484e-a38a-5ef8af889e9a | multi |
Finding on histopathological examination in liver in case of malaria is : | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Kupffer's cell hyperplasia with macrophage infiltration around periportal area laden with pigments * In severe infections with plasmodium falciparum, the vital organs are packed with erythrocytes containing mature form of the parasite.* There is abundant intra and extraerythrocytic pigment and organs s... | 2 | Microabscess formation | Kupffer's cell hyperplasia with macrophage infiltration around periportal area laden with pigments. | Non caseating granuloma | Non specific finding of neutrophilic infiltratio | Pathology | Cellular Pathology | 9a6a5483-3749-4f06-bdb0-8d3aadf2990a | single |
Which of the following is true about sickle cell red blood cells? | HbA/S heterozygotes (sickle cell trait) have a sixfold reduction in the risk of dying from severe falciparum malaria. This decrease in risk appears to be related to impaired parasite growth at low oxygen tensions and reduced parasitized red cell cytoadherence. Parasite multiplication in HbA/E heterozygotes is reduced a... | 4 | Stability | Altered function | Decreased oxygen carrying capacity | Protective against adult malaria | Pathology | null | ebedbb4a-c05e-4942-907c-d7a3f943b37f | multi |
Drug of choice for pneumocystis carinii ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cotrimoxazole | 1 | Cotrimoxazole | Erythromycin | Penicillin | Metronidazole | Pharmacology | null | 1737b275-7ba0-4c38-9de2-a4bdd3822a67 | single |
A 26-year-old man is admitted through the casualty of the hospital for a heroin overdose. His hea rate is 45 beats/min, and his blood pressure is 75/40 mm Hg. Which of the following best depicts the results from an aerial blood sample? | This man has a respiratory acidosis. Overdose with drugs that suppress ventilation (e.g., heroin, morphine, barbiturates, methaqualone, and "sleeping pills") often causes hypercapnia. In patients with an intact renal response, the respiratory acidosis causes a compensatory rise in plasma HCO3-, which lessens the fall i... | 1 | pH 7.22, PaCO2 (mm Hg) 66, HCO3- (mEq/L) 26 | pH 7.34, PaCO2 (mm Hg) 29, HCO3- (mEq/L) 15 | pH 7.40, PaCO2 (mm Hg) 40, HCO3- (mEq/L) 24 | pH 7.47, PaCO2 (mm Hg) 20, HCO3- (mEq/L) 14 | Medicine | null | 9002d192-e641-4d19-8c77-f898455cf855 | single |
Most common bone fracture in body is: | Ans: b (Clavicle)Ref: Maheshwari Ortho, 3rd ed, p. 73 | 2 | Radius | Clavicle | Femur | Vertebra | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Shoulder | 62654a1a-2b78-4b92-b306-35c20dfb1b73 | single |
Drug treatment for laryngeal stenosis is | Mitomycin-C is an antineoplastic antibiotic that acts as an alkylating agent by inhibiting DNA and protein synthesis. ... Topical application of mitomycin-C (0.4 mg/mL) was used as an adjuvant treatment in the endoscopic laser management of laryngeal and tracheal stenosis Ref: Internet sources | 2 | Adriamycin | Mitomycin C | Cyclophosphamide | Doxorubicin | ENT | Larynx | 78287b9c-d2ff-40bd-aa9f-afa70e8d805d | single |
A 40 year old presenting with dizziness on standing with systolic reduction of BP of 50mm Hg; appropriate treatment | Graduated compression stockings (GCS) help prevent the formation of blood clots in the legs by applying varying amounts of pressure to different pas of the leg. Thigh or waist-high stockings help reduce pooling of blood in the legs and help prevent lightheadedness or falling when you stand up (ohostatic hypotension). S... | 1 | Graded compression stockings | Salbutamol | Fludrocoisone | b-blockers | Medicine | C.V.S | dfe3c09d-5b5e-41a9-be50-cb272175c9e6 | single |
WHO global programme for oral health targets for 2000 irtclude; | null | 2 | <2 DMFT at 12 years | <3 DMFT at 12 years | <4 DMFT at 12 years | <5 DMFT at 12 years | Dental | null | 74f8db4f-702b-45d5-a690-e3f2cac78a5f | single |
A child aged 24 months was brought to the Primary Health Centre with complaints of cough and fever for the past 2 days. On examination, the child weighed 11kg, respiratory rate was 38 per minute, chest indrawing was present. The most appropriate line of management for this patient is ? | Ans. is `c' i.e., Classify as severe pneumonia, sta antibiotics and refer urgently | 3 | Classify as pneumonia and refer urgently to secondary level hospital | Classify as pneumonia, sta antibiotics and advise to repo after 2 days | Classify as severe pneumonia, sta antibiotics and refer urgently | Classify as severe pneumonia and refer urgently | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6756d58a-7931-4c20-a4eb-e0d91428056c | single |
A 40-year-old female have a right hypochondriac pain. USG is taken. What is the inference? | USG shows highly reflective echogenic focus within the gallbladder lumen, with prominent posterior acoustic shadowing, characteristic of Cholelithiasis. If there is associated cholecystitis, gallbladder wall thickening along with the pericholecytic fluid. Murphy&;s sign might be elicited with probe over gallbladder. | 1 | Gall stone | Cholecystitis | Porcelain gall bladder | Cholangiocarcinoma | Surgery | All India exam | a4ca461a-ede2-4d85-906a-419003eccfd9 | multi |
Dentogingival unit comprises of | null | 2 | Gingival fibres | Gingival fibres and junctional epithelium | P.D. fibres and ligament | None of the above | Dental | null | fe71c76c-f651-44dd-9cce-ab9d8782fba3 | multi |
All of the following are known predisposing factors for Alzheimer's disease except : | Answer is C (Smoking):Smoking has not been mentioned as a risk factor, for Alzheimer's disease. | 3 | Down-syndrome | Low education level | Smoking | Female sex | Psychiatry | null | 00c45685-53fb-40a9-a05a-1c75446522cd | multi |
Action of alpha subunit of G-protein is: | Ans. (C) Breakdown of GTP to GDP(Ref: KDT 8th/e p54)Alpha subunit of G protein contains GTPase activity and thus dissociates GTP to form GDP. This result in re-uniting a subunit with b and g subunit | 3 | Binding of agonist | Conversion of GDP to GTP | Breakdown of GTP to GDP | Internalization of receptors | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology | 8f726ce9-e9cf-40ea-a158-ff085d122e28 | single |
A 50 year old with history of jaundice in the past has presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Examination and investigations reveal chronic calculous cholecystitis. The liver functions tests are within normal limits and on ultrasound examination, the common bile ducts is not dilated. Which of the following... | In the given question there was an episode of jaundice, but LFT is normal and CBD is not dilated. The best option is laparoscopic cholecystectomy only Management of CBD stones associated with GB stones * Pre-operatively detected stones:- * Unsuspected stones found at the time of cholecystectomy:- Experienced laparoscop... | 1 | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Open choledocholithotomy followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy | ERCP + choledocholithotomy followed by Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy followed by ERCP + choledocholithotomy | Surgery | Gallbladder | 6825a23d-8f16-4e4c-8c06-7130affb99e0 | single |
Which muscle paralysis can cause ‘Winging of scapula’? | LONG THORACIC NERVE
■ Arises from ventral rami of C5, C6, and C7.
■ Descends behind the brachial plexus on the lateral surface of the serratus anterior, to which it supplies.
■ The serratus anterior muscle can be examined by asking patient to push against a wall with both hands. Winging of scapula will be typically not... | 1 | Serratus anterior | Supraspinatus | Teres minor | Deltoid | Anatomy | null | 380388e0-cdda-4430-954e-df5537a40c30 | single |
True about proximal fragment In supratrochantric fracture is | The peritrochanteric fracture is one of the most serious causes of mortality and morbidity in the elderly.
Subtrochanteric fractures account for approximately 10-30% of all peritrochanteric fractures, and they affect persons of all ages.
1,2 The subtrochanteric region of the femur is generally recognized to be the area... | 4 | Flexion | Abduction | External rotation | All of the the above | Orthopaedics | null | 64d1c32f-b4b3-4730-a2a8-c825824c1b17 | multi |
The BEST method for teaching mothers about using ORS is: | A demonstration is a carefully prepared presentation to show how to perform a skill or procedure. Here a procedure is carried out step by step before an audience. Demonstration is found to have high education value in programmes like teaching a mother the use of oral rehydration therapy at home. Ref: Park 21st edition,... | 2 | Group discussion | Demonstration | Lecture | Flannel graph | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 6661e270-bfeb-47fd-84db-a8335649f1c9 | single |
A female wanted to have an emergency contraception after an unprotected intercourse. Which of these is NOT useful as an emergency contraceptive? | Post coital or emergency contraceptives are, Ethinyl oestradiol Conjugated estrogen Ethinyl oestradiol + Norgestrel Levonorgestrel Mifepristone Copper IUDs Ref: Textbook of Obstetrics by D.C. Dutta, 6th edition, Page 550. | 1 | LNG IUD | Oral Mifepristone | Oral Levonorgestrel | Cu-containing IUD | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | bf0dbdb9-f0ba-4c00-960c-8f7a58d78765 | single |
A characteristic feature of Still's disease - | Stills disease is a variant of rheumatoid commonly occurring in adults in 20's and 30's.
Patients characteristics clinical features are:
High spiking fever often up to 40°C.
Sore throat
Evanescent salmon coloured non pruritic rash, seen on chest & abdomen
Lymphadenopathy
Pericardial effusion
Wrist joint involvement
... | 2 | Prominent kidney involvement | Rashes | Positive Rheumatoid factor | Neutropenia | Pathology | null | 40475463-bff9-4d47-9def-271d7ca80d6d | single |
Which of the following is false regarding endemic bladder stones? | PRIMARY BLADDER CALCULI (ENDEMIC BLADDER CALCULI) Mainly seen in underdeveloped countries (Noh Africa, Thailand, Myanmar, Indonesia), in pediatric age group. Most common in children <10 Years, with a peak incidence at 2 to 4 years of age. Related to chronic dehydration and low protein, low phosphate, exclusive milk & h... | 1 | Always associated with recurrence | High incidence in cereal based diet | Peak incidence in 3 years old children in India | Most common type is ammonium urate or calcium oxalate | Surgery | Urinary bladder | 435a8f7a-d981-484e-ab33-696d5860ea3b | multi |
Which of the following is present normally in the urine of a pregnant women in the third trimester and lactation? | Glucosuria during pregnancy is not necessarily abnormal. The appreciable increase in glomerular filtration, together with impaired tubular reabsorptive capacity for filtered glucose, accounts in most cases for glucosuria. Though glucosuria is common during pregnancy, the possibility of diabetes mellitus should not be I... | 1 | Glucose | Lactose | Galactose | Fructose | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiological Changes of Pregnancy | 7c021870-c90d-4a27-93c5-e0a629acc78b | multi |
All are major symptoms of sinusitis except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Halitosis The clinical symptoms of acute sinusitis have been classified into major and minor Major Facial pain or pressure Purulent nasal discharge Fever Nasal congestion Nasal obstruction Hyposmia or Anosmia Facial congestion or fullness Minor Headache Cough Fatigue Halitosis Dental pain Ear pain or ... | 4 | Nasal bluckage | Facial congeion | Nasal congestion | Halitosis | ENT | null | 83b407ed-1452-40fc-bf28-1e5120ba340a | multi |
Which of the following is the most widespread method of genetic transfer among bacteria? | Option a, b, c, d * There are three mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria:- 1.Transformation 2. Transduction 3. Conjugation (Most common mechanism), It was discovered first by Lederberg and Tatum. * Conjugation plays an impoant role in the transfer of plasmids coding for antibacterial drug resistance and b... | 4 | Transformation | Transduction | Lysogenic conversion | Conjugation | Microbiology | General Microbiology (Sterilization and Bacterial Genetics) | 5796ec13-1a66-4072-9648-7be79e8308e9 | single |
Which of the following is not an inflammatory mediator | steps: (1) migration and proliferation of fibroblasts into the site of injury and (2) deposition of ECM proteins produced by these cells. The recruitment and activation of fibroblasts to syn- thesize connective tissue proteins are driven by many growth factors, including PDGF, FGF-2 (described earlier), and TGF-b. The ... | 2 | Tumor necrosis factor | Myeloperoxidase | Interferons | Interleukins | Anatomy | General anatomy | b2a15042-9ed0-417c-b113-e79f5d1c25fe | single |
A drug given for metoclopramide induced dystonic reaction is : | "Acute muscle dystonia caused by antiemetic-antipsychotic drugs is promptly relieved by parenteral promethazine or hydroxyzine." This is based on the central anticholinergic action of the drugs.
Promethazine is a first-generation anti-histaminic which has a maximum penetration of blood-brain barrier and maximum antich... | 2 | Pheniramine | Promethazine | Chlorpromazine | Prochlorperazine | Pharmacology | null | 7cee84e8-c62b-47fa-ad8b-b6b8cf0560d0 | single |
Compared with cow's milk, mother's milk has more? | Mother's milk has more lactose as compared to cow's milk. | 1 | Lactose | Vitamin D | Proteins | Fat | Pediatrics | Breast Milk & Breast Feeding | 8e18e69d-c81f-4039-9c95-310b07c39dda | single |
When pulp cannot be extirpated in narrow canals, which of the following can be used | null | 4 | Obtundant | Astringent | Haemostatic | Mummifying agent | Dental | null | 56191ff4-6fcc-4c6f-9344-111dfc8fac69 | single |
A man presented with persistent ear pain and discharge, retro-orbital pain and modified radical mastoidectomy was done to him. Patient comes back with persistent discharge, what is your diagnosis? | In a patient with CSOM, persistent ear discharge with or without deep seated pain in spite of an adequate coical or modified mastoidectomy points towards petrositis. Spread of infection from middle ear and mastoid to the petrous pa of temporal bone is petrositis it can also involve adjacent 5th cranial nerve and 6" cra... | 3 | Diffuse serous labyrinthitis | Purulent labyrinthitis | Petrositis | Latent mastoiditis | ENT | null | 38b99eb5-0ca1-4025-a359-45dfb85913a3 | single |
Child presents with linear verrucous plaques on the trunk with vacuolisation of keratinocytes in S.Spinosum and S.Granulosum. Diagnosis is ? | Verrucuous epidermal nevus Linear verrucuous lesions, with characteristic histopathological feature of granular degeneration of the epidermis ours the diagnosis of verrucous epidermal nevus. Epidermal nevus Epidermal nevi are hamaomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal structures. These ... | 3 | Incontinenta pigmenti | Delayed hypersensitivity reaction | Verrucous epidermal nevus | Linear darriers disease | Skin | null | 0cecd862-910f-4395-96c2-4e6a0c3945e4 | single |
A swelling behind the ear suggest fracture of: | null | 4 | Zygomatic complex | Temporal bone | Orbital floor fracture | Condylar fracture | Surgery | null | 440ced06-5425-41ca-9509-5b64d2082026 | single |
Best test to detect pneumoperitoneum is: | X-ray abdomen in lateral decubitus | 4 | Chest X-ray | X-ray abdomen in supine position | X-ray abdomen in supine position | X-ray abdomen in lateral decubitus | Radiology | null | 6c110742-768c-4dbd-8d12-7fa08d8d7d9c | single |
In the intraepthielial region of the mucosa of intestine the predominant cell population is that of | IEL are6 a distinctive population of T cells dispersed among the luminal epithelial cells. paicularly in the small intestine there is a predominantly of CD8+T cells | 2 | B cell | T cell | Plasma cells | Basopils | Anatomy | G.I.T | 655de91c-95e0-4166-8a2a-d04c42d55729 | single |
Terry Thomas sign is seen in | scapholunate dislocation : * Most common ligamentous instability of the wrist * Patients may have high degree of pain despite apparently normal radiographs * Physicians should suspect this injury if patient has wrist effusion and pain seemingly out of propoion to the injury * If improperly diagnosed can lead to chronic... | 2 | Keinbock's disease | Carpal dislocation | Calcaneal disorder | Hip trauma | Orthopaedics | Forearm wrist and hand injuries | a0e1a2d9-7a9e-4457-8dd7-925d12f31a25 | single |
The basic reason for "reperfusion injury" to the myocardium is: | After MI, there is failure of Na+-K+ pump resulting in NCX failure Thus intracellular Ca+2 increases Now when perfusion is established (nutrients are available), because of increased ICF Ca+2, cardiac fibers contract very strongly Already muscle fibers are fragile due to M.I, now this contraction results in fuher damag... | 3 | Generation of free radicals | Extension of the ischemic zone | Increased ICF | Increased ECF | Physiology | Conducting System of Hea | 7a80dd43-865e-46ac-ada9-e531c3ba686a | single |
The maxillary teeth which have single antagonist are: | null | 4 | Lateral incisors | Permanent canines | Permanent central incisors | Third molars | Dental | null | 2e35d2c0-424b-4fb3-8df8-63430419fbc7 | single |
A 5-year-old girl is brought to the physician after her parents noticed red blood in her stool. Physical examination reveals mucocutaneous pigmentation. Small bowel radiography discloses multiple, small- to medium-sized polyps that are diagnosed pathologically as hamartomas. Which of the following is the most likely di... | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an autosomal dominant, hereditary disorder characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous melanin pigmentation, which is particularly evident on the face, buccal mucosa, hands, feet, and perianal and genital regions. The polyps seen in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are hamartomato... | 3 | Congenital teratoma | Hyperplastic polyp | Peutz-Jeghers polyp | Tubular adenoma | Pathology | G.I.T. | bdcb31fe-c6de-4120-ae58-4eecc6e8888c | multi |
First indices to change in iron deficiency anemia is - | The single most sensitive tool for evaluating the iron status is by measurement of serum ferritin. Hemoglobin concentration is relatively insensitive. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 623 | 3 | S. Iron | Total iron binding capacity | S. Ferritin | S. Haemoglobin concentration | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health | a2bce9c5-44fc-444b-9a40-d2f7fc02a0db | single |
Which of the following is associated with the disease pathology seen in this child? | Child with right sided po-wine stain- seen in sturge weber syndrome. Features of sturge weber syndrome: S- Seizure T- Trigeminal distribution of po wine stain U- Unilateral weakness R- Retardation( mental retardation) G-Glaucoma E- Buphthalamos here, glaucoma is associated with surface ocular vascular malformations . | 3 | Leg length discrepancy | Airway involvement | Glaucoma | Growth hormone deficiency | Dental | Pediatric dermatology | a446fbdd-d3a9-4b22-bf10-aa7f2f948c78 | single |
Self etching primers | null | 1 | Simultaneously etch and prime dentin and enamel | Etches enamel only | Only bonds to enamel | Only removes smear layer | Dental | null | 979d83d1-92f8-4224-a5ee-342f0c01138f | single |
Patient came with hydrops and scarring of cornea. What would be the treatment modality you would opt for him: | Penetrating keratoplasty has to be done in cases of deep corneal scar or hydrops. SURGICAL MODALITIES FOR KERATOCONUS Keratoplasty for Keratoconus DALK (deep anterior Lamellar keratoplasty): when > 1/2 of stroma is involved. ALTK (Anterior lamellar therapeutic keratoplasty) : When less than 1/2 of stroma is involved. P... | 1 | Penetrating Keratoplasty | Endothelial lamellar Keratoplasty | Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty | Collagen cross linking | Ophthalmology | Cornea | d966d76a-613c-45a1-af6f-084422083130 | single |
Incubation period of Mumps - | Incubation period of mumps varies from 2 to 4 weks, usually 14- 18 days Reference : Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no.162 | 3 | 4-5 days | 7-15 days | 12-24 days | 50 days | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | 40f8775f-ba22-451b-80d6-fa93674bc7e2 | single |
Drainage of venous blood from testes following division of testicular vein for treatment of varicocele is by: March 2009 | Ans. A: Cremasteric veinVaricocelectomy, the surgical correction of a varicocele, is performed on an outpatient basis.The three most common approaches are inguinal (groin), retroperitoneal (abdominal), and infrainguinal/subinguinal (below the groin).Possible complications of this procedure include hematoma (bleeding in... | 1 | Cremasteric vein | Dorsal vein of penis | Internal pudendal vein | Pampiniform plexus | Surgery | null | 24203aa2-0e3b-476c-b8a5-7dfe29c6e74d | single |
In Moore's classification of omphalocole (examphalos), type I umbilical defect is less than ________ cm. | Moore suggested a classification of omphalocele into types 1, 2 and 3 with the diameters of < 2.5 cm, 2.5 to 5 cm and > 5 cm respectively. | 2 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | Surgery | null | 2f450319-b190-46b6-9de9-f5645e019e33 | single |
A patient with fibrous dysplasia can be treated by | null | 4 | Surgical excision | Removal of adjacent teeth | Irradiation of the Lesion | Conservative surgery | Pathology | null | 9e9fee42-68a2-4df8-a01b-abb800da69cb | single |
Lyme disease is transmitted by - | Hard ticks transmit the following disease Tick typhus Viral encephalitis Viral fever Viral hemorrhagic fever Tularemia KFD Tick paralysis Human babesiosis Soft tick transmits Q fever Relapsing fever KFD(outside India) Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 840 | 2 | Rat flea | Tick | Mite | None | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | fe85d6f0-28d1-413d-8f6e-2bf1f7bafe21 | multi |
A 35-year-old woman, on hemodialysis for chronic renal disease, complains of pain in the hands. On examination, the joints are normal with no inflammation or tenderness on palpation. Lab values reveal a low calcium, high phosphate, and high PTH level. What is the most likely diagnosis? (See Figure below.) | The diagnosis is secondary hyperparathyroidism as a consequence of the chronic renal disease. Calcium deposits are seen in the periarticular areas of the fourth and fifth metacarpophalangeal, third proximal interphalangeal, and fourth distal interphalangeal joints. There is slight soft tissue swelling, especially, of t... | 3 | scleroderma | gout | secondary hyperparathyroidism | pseudogout | Medicine | Endocrinology | 36a78af0-82a3-4d63-9dbf-b8c057217e7c | single |
Hyaline in islets of Langerhans resemble - | null | 2 | Mucin | Amyloid | Glycolipid | Phospholipid | Pathology | null | 492d4dca-0785-455b-acdd-57b32b8f6947 | single |
Emphysema aquosum is associated with? | Emphysema aquosum is a sign of wet drowning. Drowning fluid actually penetrates alveolar walls to enter the tissues and the blood vessels. This has been described as emphysema aquosum. Cause of death in wet drowning: Disruption of pulmonary surfactant Dry drowning: Water does not enter the lungs, but death results from... | 2 | Dry drowning | Wet drowning | Immersion syndrome | Secondary drowning | Forensic Medicine | Drowning | a9f22898-cc6a-4ad0-af7c-729d13827f21 | single |
Fosphenytoin different from phenytoin in which of the following- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Can be mixed with saline o While phenytoin cannot be injected in a drip of glucose solution, fosphenytoin can be injected with saline and glucose. | 2 | Can be used in absence seizures | Can be mixed with saline | Can be given orally | It is the drug of choice for myoclonic seizures | Pharmacology | null | 6b2d7107-6914-4bb7-a018-2bff8b75adbd | multi |
Macrocytic anemia is seen in all EXCEPT - | Robbins basic pathology 8th edition, page no 423, Answer is option3, post hemorrhagic anemia Post Hemorrhagic anemia is normocytic and normochromic. With chronic blood loss, iron stores are gradually depleted. Iron is essential for hemoglobin synthesis and effective eeythropoiesis, and it's deficiency thus leads to chr... | 3 | Vitamin B12 deficiency | Hemolytic anemia | Post hemorrhagic anemia | Anemia of chronic disease | Pathology | Haematology | dd8b902e-eeb4-4f92-85b0-1c362b10d777 | multi |
Chyluria is due to- | The most common presentations of the lymphatic filariases are asymptomatic (or subclinical) microfilaremia, hydrocele , acute adenolymphangitis (ADL), and chronic lymphatic disease. If there is obstruction of the retroperitoneal lymphatics, increased renal lymphatic pressure leads to rupture of the renal lymphatics and... | 3 | Carcinoma | Tuberculosis | Filaria | Malaria | Medicine | Infection | bb21518a-3cea-45de-b40f-c3db7315194b | single |
Which of the following is true about pathophysiology of skeletal fluorosis? | Fluorosis: Excessive deposition of fluorine occurs in bone and soft tissues. Fluorine stimulates osteoblastic activityand fluoroappatite crystals are laid down in bone which are resistant to osteoclastic resorption. This leads to calcium retention, impaired mineralization and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Interosseous... | 2 | Fluorine increases PTH levels by direct action | Fluoroappatite crystals are resistant to osteoclasts | Fluorine decreases vitamin D levels | Fluorine erodes bone, thereby decreasing bone density | Orthopaedics | Metabolic disorders - 1 | 0f06eb10-64f5-41bc-bcac-0092825873ed | multi |
Patient is on Autocoids for 1 year now complains of severe pain Epigastrium relieved by antacid drugs. He complaints of Right Iliac fossa pain and loss of liver dullness. Diagnosis is: | Ans. (a) Perforation of duodenum* This is a clear-cut case of drug induced ulcer and perforation - Duodenal ulcer perforation* Features are diffuse abdominal pain with right iliac fossa pain due to tracking of pus in right colic gutter - Valentino Syndrome* Obliteration of liver dullness* Board like rigidity | 1 | Perforation of duodenum | Diverticulitis | Gastroenteritis | Enteric perforation | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum | f3141bf3-7ab9-407e-ab73-6cd9800a3b8b | single |
Upon contact between the sperm head and the zona pellucida, penetration of the sperm into the egg is allowed because of | . | 1 | The acrosome reaction | The zona reaction | The perivitelline space | Pronuclei formation | Pathology | All India exam | 455fe350-422c-48c0-a567-6594893b2ef0 | multi |
A person switches from high fat diet to low fat diet with compensatory increase in carbohydrates to maintain the same calories. Which of the following fat component will be increased ? | As excess of carbohydrates are conveed to fat in the body (liver) which eventually gets packed into VLDL so, VLDL represents the amount of fat production in the body, or in other words, it also represent excess dietary carbohydrate intake. While Chylomicrons represents the externally taken fats. Function Lipoproteins L... | 2 | Chylomicron | VLDL | IDL | HDL | Biochemistry | Lipoproteins | 1b5f7a7d-4d04-45cd-93c1-655d411b2ffd | single |
G-cells are present mostly in- G-cells are present mostly in- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pyloric antrum | 3 | Fundus | Cardia | Pyloric antrum | Body | Surgery | null | df6ffed5-db98-4145-b97d-1205ce9fc8dd | single |
Which type of cells are prominently infiltrated in Rheumatoid arthritis? | (B) T-cells[?]Role of T cells in RAoProminent T-cell infiltrate in RA synoviumoGenetic similarities between RA patients-Specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR genes - HLA DR4, DR14 and DR1oShared Epitope: The third hypervariable region of DR b chains, especially amino acids 70 through 74.oCD4+ T helper (Th) cells ma... | 2 | B cells | T-cells | NK-cells | Both B & T Cells | Pathology | Immunity | 5205bc00-4502-4d71-8dd9-16dca58c1f7a | multi |
Most common cause of isolated splenic metastasis is: | Causes of isolated splenic metastasis: Carcinoma Ovary (27%) > Colorectal carcinoma (26%) > Uterine cancer (17%) MC primary for metastasis of spleen: Malignant melanoma (30-50%) > Ca Breast (21%) > Ca lung (18%) | 3 | Carcinoma pancreas | Carcinoma stomach | Carcinoma ovary | Carcinoma cervix | Surgery | Spleen | aa9d2f72-4c71-42fe-ac34-d81c256916fc | single |
Cellular oxidation is inhibited by : | A i.e. Cyanide | 1 | Cyanide | Carbon dioxide | Chocolate | Carbonated beverages | Biochemistry | null | bcba6895-89ca-4701-98c4-720de400d0c6 | single |
Which of the following includes the contents of the orbit | Content of Orbit:
Eyeball - Eyeball occupies anterior 1/3rd of orbit.
Fascia - Orbital and bulbar fascia.
Muscles - Extraocular and intraocular muscles.
Vessels - Ophthalmic artery, superior and inferior ophthalmic veins and lymphatics.
Nerves - Optic, oculomotor, trochlear and abducent, branches of ophthalmic and max... | 4 | Orbital and bulbar fascia | Abducent nerve | Superior Ophthalmic Veins | All of the Above | Anatomy | null | d0ac2334-7071-4716-9233-6a2e4b11167e | multi |
Pulse pressure in severe aoic regurgitation is equal to- | Therefore, a defining characteristic of aoic regurgitation is an increase in aoic pulse pressure (systolic minus diastolic pressure). ... Early in the course of regurgitant aoic valve disease, there is a large increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and left atrial pressure.pulse pressure usually between 75... | 4 | 30-45mmHg | 45-60mmHg | 60-75 mmHg | 75-90 mm Hg | Medicine | C.V.S | 09a25352-1655-422e-954b-b5fa0e6497a0 | single |
Transplacental exchanges that take place are essential to the well being of the fetus. Which of those listed below is NOT a method? | Placental exchanges that take place occur according to different mechanisms. Simple diffusion is the movement of molecules of gas and water from a high concentration to a low concentration. Iodine readily crosses the placental barrier. Active transpo is another method. This method transpos specific molecules across a m... | 4 | Simple diffusion | Active transpo | Endocytosis | Exocytosis | Physiology | null | d48fc7eb-671f-4f5c-bdec-6cfc614d3ffc | single |
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain from all of the following except: | Superficial Inguinal Lymph NodesThe horizontal groupThe medial members of the group receive superficial lymph vessels from the anterior abdominal wall below the level of the umbilicus and from the perineum. The lymph vessels from the urethra, the external genitalia of both sexes (but not the testes), and the lower half... | 3 | Urethra | Anal canal below the pectinate line | Glans penis | Perineum | Anatomy | null | 5d81196e-b944-48a1-ae0e-3ecdcae74003 | multi |
Which of the following anticancer drug can cause flagellated dermatitis? | FLAGELLATED DERMATITIS: It is characterised by pruritic, erythematous, linear streaks that resemble whiplash marks, hence the name flagellated. Bleomycin is metabolized by an enzyme hydrolase. This enzyme is deficient in skin and lungs. Therefore, the major adverse effects of bleomycin is related to skin (flagellated d... | 4 | Cisplatin | L-asparginase | Doxorubicin | Bleomycin | Pharmacology | Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs | 11aa7d32-e159-4432-823e-85d8ee9f8c2a | single |
Hypoplastic defects in permanent central and lateral incisors are likely to result due to severe illness or other factors during: | null | 1 | First nine months of life | First two years of life | First month of life | Two or three years of life | Pathology | null | 1e0271c4-2979-4f53-8cfe-119e0022b265 | single |
The commonest cranial nerve involved in acoustic neuroma is: | As the eighth nerve schwannoma grows, it extends into the posterior fossa to occupy the angle between the cerebellum and pons (cerebellopontine angle). In this lateral position, it is so situated as to compress the seventh, fifth, and less often the ninth and tenth cranial nerves, which are implicated in various combin... | 3 | IX | VI | VIII | X | ENT | null | 9713b812-2bf3-4513-b009-37e6e86f52f9 | single |
The first case introduced into the population group to be studied is called: | Ans: b (Primary case) Ref: Park, 19th ed, p. 90The term primary case refers to the first case of a communicable disease introduced into the population unit being studied.The term index case refers to the first case to come to the attention of the investigator; it is not always the primary case. Secondary cases are thos... | 2 | Index case | Primary case | Initial case | Reference case | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 1955dbdc-2d6c-43cc-adb1-097d8d183d0c | multi |
Long thyroid stimulating agent is | Answer is option 2, antibody to thyroid receptors. Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) antibodies that stimulate the thyroid (TSAb) cause Graves' hypehyroidism and TSHR antibodies which block thyrotropin action (TBAb) are occasionally responsible for hypothyroidism. Unusual patients switch from TSAb to TBAb (or vice versa) wit... | 2 | Antibody to thyroid globulin | Antibody to thyroid cell receptors | Antibody to thyroxine | Antibody to thyroid cells | Pathology | Endocrinology | 80e64981-fab4-4f2d-bbfe-23f5dd405386 | single |
Pungent volatile anesthetic agents are: | B i.e. Isoflurane | 2 | Halthane | Isoflurane | Sevoflurane | Desflurane | Anaesthesia | null | 9bb3f0f5-613a-4dd6-8597-dfa0db03d80b | single |
What are the minimum and maximum possible values of Glasgow Coma Score? | Ans. a. Minimum = 3. Maximum = 15 (Ref: Harrison 19/e p1730, 18/e p3381-3382; Sabiston 19/e p1894; Schwartz 9/e p1522; Bailey 26/e p312. 25/e p301. 302)In Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). maximum score is 15 and minimum score is 3.Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)Eye OpeningVerbal responseBest Motor responseSpontaneous4Oriented5Obeys ... | 1 | Minimum = 3, Maximum = 15 | Minimum = 0, Maximum = 13 | Minimum = 0, Maximum = 15 | Minimum = 3, Maximum = 18 | Surgery | Head Injury | 44b6fdad-e127-4e7a-a931-20ff71967cb4 | single |
Iron is absorbed in: March 2012 | Ans: B i.e. DuodenumSite of absorptionStomach is the site of absorption of water and alcoholDuodenum is the site of absorption of iron and calciumIleum is the site of absorption of vitamin B12 and bile salt | 2 | Stomach | Duodenum | Ileum | Duodenum + Jejunum | Physiology | null | ae8cb5b6-b8e6-467c-8498-03f45c7cd626 | single |
Falanga is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Beating of feet * Beating may be of following types -i) Falanga (Falolka/Baatinada) : Beating of soles of feet with blunt object.ii) Telefono : Simultaneous beating of both ears with palms.iii) Quirofana : Beating on abdomen while upper half of body lying unsupported on table. | 2 | Suspension by wrist | Beating of feet | Placing electric wires in vagina | Clamping of thighs between bamboos | Forensic Medicine | Injuries | 9c2aada7-eb94-4d00-b2ee-06508fad8e71 | single |
The most ideal explanation for recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst is | null | 3 | Increased mitotic activity of the epithelial lining | Friability of the epithelial lining | Presence of satellite cysts or daughter cysts | Continued proliferation of rests of dental lamina | Pathology | null | ea2b92d7-e16d-4229-9f52-fe6d69487a16 | single |
Cognitive model of depression is given by ? | Beck Cognitive therapy is a psychotherapy developed by American pyschiatrist Aaron T. Beck. Cognitive therapy is one of the therapeutic approaches within the larger group of cognitive behavioural therapies. Cognitive therapy seeks to help the client overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional thinki... | 2 | Ellis | Beck | Godfrey | Meicheinbanon | Psychiatry | null | eef4bc79-54f8-44a9-97a5-47bdc62e9822 | single |
A 22 years old man presents with a solitary 2 cm space occupying lesion of mixed echogenecity in the right lobe of the liver on USG. The rest of the liver is normal. Which of the following test should be done next? | MRI as the diagnostic test of choice for hepatic hemangioma at most centers. Nuclear medicine studies may be used to confirm the diagnosis when a probable hemangioma is detected on ultra-sonography. Nuclear medicine studies may also help to clarify the nature of a lesion when the diagnosis is equivocal on CT or MRI. Pe... | 2 | Ultrasound guided biopsy of the lesion | Hepatic scintigraphy | Hepatic angiography | Contrast enhanced CT scan of the liver | Radiology | Fundamentals in Radiology | e2242b6b-7fb0-4015-a389-66c21827cdcd | single |
Dye used for myelography | contrast agents used for myelography are : Iohexol Iopamidol Metrizamide Myodil | 2 | Conray 320 | Myodil | Dianosil | Iopaoic acid | Radiology | Fundamentals in Radiology | 858c4c56-8d14-48dd-bb95-5195df720725 | single |
Which is NOT pyrogenic Interleukin | (C) IL-4 # Pyrogenic cytokines: Known pyrogenic cytokines include IL-1, IL-6, TNF, ciliary neurotropic factor (CNTF), and interferon (INF)a. Others probably exist; although IL-18 - a membrane of the IL-1 family - does not appear to be pyrogenic cytokine. Each cytokine is encoded by a separate gene, and each pyrogenic c... | 3 | IL-1 | TNF-a | IL-4 | IL-6 | Pathology | Misc. | e3ef3bc0-f3e5-4597-941c-364749ac436d | single |
A 45-year old male presented with severe respiratory distress. O/E he had pedal edema, bilateral crepitation on auscultation. He was admitted to emergency department and expired 2 days of admission. Lung biopsy done suggested the following. What is your diagnosis? | Ans. (d) Heart failure cellsThe lung biopsy shows intra-alveolar transudate granular pale pink material along with alveolar micro-hemorrhages & hemosiderin-laden macrophages ("heart failure" cells) seen in left-sided congestive heart failure. | 4 | CMV pneumonitis | Small cell Ca lung | Tuberculosis | Heart failure cells | Pathology | Respiration | df63e2e9-3cae-4be2-9699-29e945035e02 | multi |
Murder is.............. offence. | Ans: (a) Cognizable, non-compoundable and non-bailableRef: The First Schedule, Classification of Offences, Indian Penal CodeCognizable offencesCognizable offences are more serious crimes wherein police can arrest the suspect without any warrant.Ex. rape, murder, ragging, dowry death etc.Compoundable offencesCompoundabl... | 1 | Cognizable, non-compoundable and non-bailable | Cognizable, compoundable and bailable | Non-cognizable, non-compoundable and non-bailable | Non-cognizable, compoundable and bailable | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn | 9d03e175-6ba0-4834-8ce2-1e8bd96adb2f | single |
In stage III ovarian cancer patient with upper abdominal disease < 5cm, management of choice is | Management of Advanced stage diseaseIncludes stage III and IVDebulking surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by Postoperative chemotherapyPrimary cytoreduction surgery is the preferred in1. Retroperitoneal only disease preoperatively 2. Patients with stage IIIC or IV disease with good performance status who ... | 1 | Debulking surgery | Mantle cell irradiation | Abdomino-pelvic radiotherapy | Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology | fd011c29-dc35-41a9-ba97-23ffdcf9a75d | single |
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