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56f78e35aef2371900625bd4
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
Which French citizen was involved in naming the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "Louis Isidore Duperrey" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }
56f78e35aef2371900625bd5
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
At what island did the Globe arrive in 1824?
{ "text": [ "Mulgrave" ], "answer_start": [ 557 ] }
56f956c89b226e1400dd1360
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
Who notably accompanied John Charles Marshall to the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "Thomas Gilbert" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
56f956c89b226e1400dd1361
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
In what year did Marshall and Gilbert go to the islands?
{ "text": [ "1788" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
56f956c89b226e1400dd1362
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
What is the traditional name of the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "jolet jen Anij" ], "answer_start": [ 190 ] }
56f956c89b226e1400dd1363
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
What is the English translation of the traditional name of the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "Gifts from God" ], "answer_start": [ 207 ] }
56f956c89b226e1400dd1364
Marshall_Islands
Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ...
On what island did mutinous American whalers land in 1824?
{ "text": [ "Mulgrave Island" ], "answer_start": [ 557 ] }
56f799d2a6d7ea1400e1725e
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
Who was the leader of the group attacked by the people of the Marshall Islands in 1834?
{ "text": [ "Captain DonSette" ], "answer_start": [ 88 ] }
56f799d2a6d7ea1400e1725f
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
What vessel was attacked in 1845?
{ "text": [ "Naiad" ], "answer_start": [ 163 ] }
56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17260
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
What ships were attacked in 1852?
{ "text": [ "Glencoe and Sea Nymph" ], "answer_start": [ 343 ] }
56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17261
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
In what year did missionaries arrive to live in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "1857" ], "answer_start": [ 585 ] }
56f799d2a6d7ea1400e17262
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
On what island did the Missionaries live with citizens of the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "Ebon" ], "answer_start": [ 632 ] }
56f9575c9e9bad19000a0849
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
Who was the captain of the crew killed in 1834?
{ "text": [ "Captain DonSette" ], "answer_start": [ 88 ] }
56f9575c9e9bad19000a084a
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
In what year was the ship Naiad attacked by natives?
{ "text": [ "1845" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }
56f9575c9e9bad19000a084b
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
What type of ship was the Naiad?
{ "text": [ "schooner" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
56f9575c9e9bad19000a084c
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
Out of what city was the Sea Nymph sailing?
{ "text": [ "San Francisco" ], "answer_start": [ 317 ] }
56f9575c9e9bad19000a084d
Marshall_Islands
A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San...
Where did missionaries live as of 1857?
{ "text": [ "Ebon" ], "answer_start": [ 632 ] }
56f957e29b226e1400dd136a
Marshall_Islands
Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recog...
What nation had a claim on the Marshall Islands as of 1874?
{ "text": [ "the Spanish Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }
56f957e29b226e1400dd136b
Marshall_Islands
Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recog...
What nation formed a protectorate over the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "the German Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 166 ] }
56f957e29b226e1400dd136c
Marshall_Islands
Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recog...
What nation asserted their rights over the Gilbert and Ellice islands?
{ "text": [ "Britain" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
56f957e29b226e1400dd136d
Marshall_Islands
Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recog...
On what ship did German ambassadors arrive in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "SMS Nautilus" ], "answer_start": [ 403 ] }
56f957e29b226e1400dd136e
Marshall_Islands
Although the Spanish Empire had a residual claim on the Marshalls in 1874, when she began asserting her sovereignty over the Carolines, she made no effort to prevent the German Empire from gaining a foothold there. Britain also raised no objection to a German protectorate over the Marshalls in exchange for German recog...
What title did the Germans give to Kabua?
{ "text": [ "King of the Ralik Islands" ], "answer_start": [ 551 ] }
56f9586b9b226e1400dd1374
Marshall_Islands
Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Car...
On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans?
{ "text": [ "November 1" ], "answer_start": [ 138 ] }
56f9586b9b226e1400dd1375
Marshall_Islands
Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Car...
What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany?
{ "text": [ "Imperial German Protectorate" ], "answer_start": [ 228 ] }
56f9586b9b226e1400dd1376
Marshall_Islands
Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Car...
What nation had control of the Carolines?
{ "text": [ "Spain" ], "answer_start": [ 332 ] }
56f9586b9b226e1400dd1377
Marshall_Islands
Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Car...
What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "copra" ], "answer_start": [ 529 ] }
56f9586b9b226e1400dd1378
Marshall_Islands
Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Car...
In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain?
{ "text": [ "1884" ], "answer_start": [ 587 ] }
56f959019e9bad19000a085d
Marshall_Islands
A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian is...
What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century?
{ "text": [ "the Jaluit Gesellschaft" ], "answer_start": [ 26 ] }
56f959019e9bad19000a085e
Marshall_Islands
A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian is...
When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end?
{ "text": [ "1905" ], "answer_start": [ 92 ] }
56f959019e9bad19000a085f
Marshall_Islands
A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian is...
What document was signed in 1899?
{ "text": [ "the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899" ], "answer_start": [ 168 ] }
56f959019e9bad19000a0860
Marshall_Islands
A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian is...
Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899?
{ "text": [ "the Carolines" ], "answer_start": [ 229 ] }
56f959019e9bad19000a0861
Marshall_Islands
A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian is...
What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions?
{ "text": [ "the governor of German New Guinea" ], "answer_start": [ 358 ] }
56f959be9b226e1400dd137e
Marshall_Islands
Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath...
What Catholic group was Father Erdland a part of?
{ "text": [ "the Sacred Heart Jesu Society" ], "answer_start": [ 44 ] }
56f959be9b226e1400dd137f
Marshall_Islands
Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath...
In what year did Father Erdland leave the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "1914" ], "answer_start": [ 137 ] }
56f959be9b226e1400dd1380
Marshall_Islands
Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath...
In what year was Father Linckens' last visit to the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "1911" ], "answer_start": [ 434 ] }
56f959be9b226e1400dd1381
Marshall_Islands
Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath...
When was Father Linckens' book published?
{ "text": [ "1912" ], "answer_start": [ 487 ] }
56f959be9b226e1400dd1382
Marshall_Islands
Catholic missionary Father A. Erdland, from the Sacred Heart Jesu Society based in Hiltrup, Germany, lived on Jaluit from around 1904 to 1914. He was very interested in the islands and conducted considerable research on the Marshallese culture and language. He published a 376-page monograph on the islands in 1914. Fath...
In what year did Father Linckens first travel to the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "1904" ], "answer_start": [ 425 ] }
56f95a099b226e1400dd1388
Marshall_Islands
Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military pow...
What notable historical event occurred in Japan in 1868?
{ "text": [ "the Meiji Restoration" ], "answer_start": [ 180 ] }
56f95a099b226e1400dd1389
Marshall_Islands
Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military pow...
In what region did the Japanese attempt to build up their power after 1868?
{ "text": [ "East Asia" ], "answer_start": [ 326 ] }
56f95a099b226e1400dd138a
Marshall_Islands
Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military pow...
Along with fishermen, what sort of Japanese people visited the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "traders" ], "answer_start": [ 53 ] }
56f95a919b226e1400dd138e
Marshall_Islands
In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
On what date did the Japanese land on Enewetak?
{ "text": [ "September 29, 1914" ], "answer_start": [ 134 ] }
56f95a919b226e1400dd138f
Marshall_Islands
In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War?
{ "text": [ "the Entente" ], "answer_start": [ 22 ] }
56f95a919b226e1400dd1390
Marshall_Islands
In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
What did the Japanese occupy on September 30, 1914?
{ "text": [ "the Jaluit Atoll" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
56f95a919b226e1400dd1391
Marshall_Islands
In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
On what date was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
{ "text": [ "June 28, 1919" ], "answer_start": [ 313 ] }
56f95a919b226e1400dd1392
Marshall_Islands
In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
When was the South Pacific Mandate for Japan approved?
{ "text": [ "December 17, 1920" ], "answer_start": [ 465 ] }
56f95b049e9bad19000a0871
Marshall_Islands
The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to h...
About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony?
{ "text": [ "1,000" ], "answer_start": [ 386 ] }
56f95b049e9bad19000a0872
Marshall_Islands
The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to h...
What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "economic" ], "answer_start": [ 32 ] }
56f95b049e9bad19000a0873
Marshall_Islands
The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to h...
What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "land" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }
56f95b049e9bad19000a0874
Marshall_Islands
The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to h...
Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants?
{ "text": [ "Palau" ], "answer_start": [ 519 ] }
56f95b769e9bad19000a0879
Marshall_Islands
The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up...
What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?
{ "text": [ "Matrilineality" ], "answer_start": [ 196 ] }
56f95b769e9bad19000a087a
Marshall_Islands
The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up...
What system of social organization was used in Japan?
{ "text": [ "the Japanese Patriarchal system" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
56f95b769e9bad19000a087b
Marshall_Islands
The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up...
On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?
{ "text": [ "March 27, 1933" ], "answer_start": [ 761 ] }
56f95b769e9bad19000a087c
Marshall_Islands
The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up...
What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?
{ "text": [ "Japanese" ], "answer_start": [ 587 ] }
56f95b769e9bad19000a087d
Marshall_Islands
The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up...
Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "Catholic" ], "answer_start": [ 471 ] }
56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a2
Marshall_Islands
In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands.
What Japanese fleet was based in the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "6th Fleet" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a3
Marshall_Islands
In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands.
On what atoll was the 6th Fleet Forces Service based?
{ "text": [ "Kwajalein" ], "answer_start": [ 49 ] }
56f95bb59b226e1400dd13a4
Marshall_Islands
In the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Kwajalein Atoll was the administrative center of the Japanese 6th Fleet Forces Service, whose task was the defense of the Marshall Islands.
What was the mission of the 6th Fleet Forces Service?
{ "text": [ "defense of the Marshall Islands" ], "answer_start": [ 156 ] }
56f95c439b226e1400dd13a8
Marshall_Islands
In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Island...
During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "World War II" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
56f95c439b226e1400dd13a9
Marshall_Islands
In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Island...
What was the name of the campaign in which the US occupied the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
56f95c439b226e1400dd13aa
Marshall_Islands
In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Island...
In what year did the United States occupy the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "1944" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }
56f95c439b226e1400dd13ab
Marshall_Islands
In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Island...
How many months did it take for the US to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak?
{ "text": [ "one" ], "answer_start": [ 184 ] }
56f95c439b226e1400dd13ac
Marshall_Islands
In World War II, the United States, during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, invaded and occupied the islands in 1944, destroying or isolating the Japanese garrisons. In just one month in 1944, Americans captured Kwajalein Atoll, Majuro and Enewetak, and, in the next two months, the rest of the Marshall Island...
Along with Mili, Maloelap and Jaluit, what parts of the Marshall Islands were not occupied in the first three months of the American campaign?
{ "text": [ "Wotje" ], "answer_start": [ 334 ] }
56f95ca49e9bad19000a088b
Marshall_Islands
The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger b...
In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin?
{ "text": [ "1943" ], "answer_start": [ 222 ] }
56f95ca49e9bad19000a088c
Marshall_Islands
The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger b...
How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili?
{ "text": [ "5,100" ], "answer_start": [ 269 ] }
56f95ca49e9bad19000a088d
Marshall_Islands
The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger b...
What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger?
{ "text": [ "half" ], "answer_start": [ 239 ] }
56f95ca49e9bad19000a088e
Marshall_Islands
The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger b...
Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders?
{ "text": [ "lack of food" ], "answer_start": [ 159 ] }
56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13ba
Marshall_Islands
Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security...
During what conflict did the US occupy the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "World War II" ], "answer_start": [ 61 ] }
56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13bb
Marshall_Islands
Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security...
What resolution of the UN Security Council gave the United States control over the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "Security Council Resolution 21" ], "answer_start": [ 312 ] }
56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13bc
Marshall_Islands
Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security...
In what year was the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands created?
{ "text": [ "1947" ], "answer_start": [ 229 ] }
56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13bd
Marshall_Islands
Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security...
What is the name of the broader region that the Marshall Islands are a part of?
{ "text": [ "Micronesia" ], "answer_start": [ 147 ] }
56f95da19b226e1400dd13c2
Marshall_Islands
During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over...
In what year did the Cold War begin?
{ "text": [ "1946" ], "answer_start": [ 44 ] }
56f95da19b226e1400dd13c3
Marshall_Islands
During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over...
How many nuclear weapons were tested in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958?
{ "text": [ "67" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }
56f95da19b226e1400dd13c4
Marshall_Islands
During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over...
What was the name of the United States' largest atmospheric nuclear test?
{ "text": [ "Castle Bravo" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
56f95da19b226e1400dd13c5
Marshall_Islands
During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over...
What was the yield of the Castle Bravo bombs in kilotons?
{ "text": [ "108,496" ], "answer_start": [ 298 ] }
56f95da19b226e1400dd13c6
Marshall_Islands
During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over...
Which of the Marshall Islands was destroyed in a United States hydrogen bomb test?
{ "text": [ "Elugelab" ], "answer_start": [ 487 ] }
56f95e089e9bad19000a0893
Marshall_Islands
Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the ...
What was the name of the US study of nuclear fallout on Bikini Atoll?
{ "text": [ "Project 4.1" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }
56f95e089e9bad19000a0894
Marshall_Islands
Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the ...
When did the United States begin to pay compensation to Marshall Islanders for nuclear weapon exposure?
{ "text": [ "1956" ], "answer_start": [ 261 ] }
56f95e089e9bad19000a0895
Marshall_Islands
Nuclear claims between the U.S. and the Marshall Islands are ongoing, and health effects from these nuclear tests linger. Project 4.1 was a medical study conducted by the United States of those residents of the Bikini Atoll exposed to radioactive fallout. From 1956 to August 1998, at least $759 million was paid to the ...
In millions of dollars, how much money did the United States pay out in nuclear testing compensation to Marshall Island residents between 1956 and 1998?
{ "text": [ "759" ], "answer_start": [ 292 ] }
56f95e5e9e9bad19000a0899
Marshall_Islands
In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe...
What document granted sovereignty to the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "the Compact of Free Association" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }
56f95e5e9e9bad19000a089a
Marshall_Islands
In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe...
In what year did the Marshall Islands receive sovereignty?
{ "text": [ "1986" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
56f95e5e9e9bad19000a089b
Marshall_Islands
In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe...
Where in the Marshall Islands does the United States have a missile testing range?
{ "text": [ "Kwajalein Atoll" ], "answer_start": [ 290 ] }
56f95e5e9e9bad19000a089c
Marshall_Islands
In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe...
When did UN Trusteeship over the Marshall Islands end?
{ "text": [ "1990" ], "answer_start": [ 384 ] }
56f95e5e9e9bad19000a089d
Marshall_Islands
In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe...
What Security Council Resolution ended UN Trusteeship over the Marshalls?
{ "text": [ "Security Council Resolution 683" ], "answer_start": [ 454 ] }
56f95ecc9e9bad19000a08a3
Marshall_Islands
In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.
What is the capital of the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "Majuro" ], "answer_start": [ 88 ] }
56f95ecc9e9bad19000a08a4
Marshall_Islands
In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.
On what day in 2008 did the Marshall Island government declare a state of emergency?
{ "text": [ "Christmas" ], "answer_start": [ 156 ] }
56f95ecc9e9bad19000a08a5
Marshall_Islands
In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.
In meters, how high were the 2008 floods?
{ "text": [ "0.91" ], "answer_start": [ 128 ] }
56f95ecc9e9bad19000a08a6
Marshall_Islands
In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.
What caused the 2008 floods?
{ "text": [ "extreme waves and high tides" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }
56f95ecc9e9bad19000a08a7
Marshall_Islands
In 2008, extreme waves and high tides caused widespread flooding in the capital city of Majuro and other urban centres, 3 feet (0.91 m) above sea level. On Christmas morning in 2008, the government declared a state of emergency. In 2013, heavy waves once again breached the city walls of Majuro.
In what year did waves overcome the walls of the capital city?
{ "text": [ "2013" ], "answer_start": [ 232 ] }
56f95f3a9e9bad19000a08ad
Marshall_Islands
In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted...
What part of the Marshall Islands experienced drought in 2013?
{ "text": [ "the northern atolls" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }
56f95f3a9e9bad19000a08ae
Marshall_Islands
In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted...
How many people were stricken by drought in 2013?
{ "text": [ "6,000" ], "answer_start": [ 91 ] }
56f95f3a9e9bad19000a08af
Marshall_Islands
In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted...
In the drought stricken areas, how many litres of water did residents consume each day?
{ "text": [ "1" ], "answer_start": [ 127 ] }
56f95f3a9e9bad19000a08b0
Marshall_Islands
In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted...
Along with pink eye and influenza, what other health issue was caused by the drought?
{ "text": [ "diarrhea" ], "answer_start": [ 259 ] }
56f95f3a9e9bad19000a08b1
Marshall_Islands
In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted...
What official declared a state of emergency in the Marshall Islands in response to the drought?
{ "text": [ "the United States President" ], "answer_start": [ 324 ] }
56f95fca9b226e1400dd13d4
Marshall_Islands
Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disaster...
As of 2013, who was the Marshall Islands Minister of Foreign Affairs?
{ "text": [ "Tony de Brum" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }
56f95fca9b226e1400dd13d5
Marshall_Islands
Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disaster...
In what month and year did the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit take place?
{ "text": [ "September 2013" ], "answer_start": [ 394 ] }
56f95fca9b226e1400dd13d6
Marshall_Islands
Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disaster...
What document did Foreign Minister de Brum present at the 44th Pacific Islands Forum summit?
{ "text": [ "Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership" ], "answer_start": [ 496 ] }
56f95fca9b226e1400dd13d7
Marshall_Islands
Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disaster...
What environmental issue did the Majuro Declaration for Climate Leadership address?
{ "text": [ "climate change" ], "answer_start": [ 570 ] }
56f95fca9b226e1400dd13d8
Marshall_Islands
Following the 2013 emergencies, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Tony de Brum was encouraged by the Obama administration in the United States to turn the crises into an opportunity to promote action against climate change. De Brum demanded new commitment and international leadership to stave off further climate disaster...
Who encouraged de Brum to address climate issues?
{ "text": [ "the Obama administration" ], "answer_start": [ 95 ] }
56f9608b9b226e1400dd13de
Marshall_Islands
The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators)...
What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands?
{ "text": [ "parliamentary-presidential system" ], "answer_start": [ 62 ] }
56f9608b9b226e1400dd13df
Marshall_Islands
The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution. Elections are held every four years in universal suffrage (for all citizens above 18), with each of the twenty-four constituencies (see below) electing one or more representatives (senators)...
How old must a citizen of the Marshall Islands be to vote?
{ "text": [ "18" ], "answer_start": [ 212 ] }