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1,629 | The Intranasal Application of Zanamivir and Carrageenan Is Synergistically Active against Influenza A Virus in the Murine Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4459876/
SHA: f0b1fa4036434b57c8307d43c39a4193f7e8053a
Authors: Morokutti-Kurz, Martina; König-Schuster, Marielle; Koller, Christiane; Graf, Chr... | Do carageenan and Zanamavir together have a greater benefit than either in monotherapy? | false | 2,180 | {
"text": [
"the H1N1(09)pdm model the combination of carrageenan with 1 mg/kg BW/day Zanamivir showed statistically significant enhanced survival in comparison to placebo treatment even after a treatment start 72 hpi"
],
"answer_start": [
28900
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} |
1,607 | A Schiff Base-Derived Copper (II) Complex Is a Potent Inducer of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells by Activating the Intrinsic Pathway
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3967396/
SHA: f1f24521928f5d8565a15a17bd7f79239a3d4116
Authors: Hajrezaie, Maryam; Paydar, Mohammadjavad; Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, Soheil;... | What morphological cell changes are most associated with apoptosis? | false | 5,283 | {
"text": [
"membrane permeability, cell shrinkage, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane, and chromatin condensation"
],
"answer_start": [
18570
]
} |
1,652 | Deep sequencing of primary human lung epithelial cells challenged with H5N1 influenza virus reveals a proviral role for CEACAM1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195505/
SHA: ef58c6e981a08c85d2c0efb80e5b32b075f660b4
Authors: Ye, Siying; Cowled, Christopher J.; Yap, Cheng-Hon; Stambas, John
Date: 2018-10-... | What is the mortality rate of the H5N1 strain of influenza? | false | 1,941 | {
"text": [
"53%"
],
"answer_start": [
1974
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is the disadvantage of inclusion of non-HA antigens to HA based vaccines? | false | 1,544 | {
"text": [
"as both CD8 + T cell and neutralizing antibody responses are generated by the vector and vaccine antigens, immunological memory to these components can reduce efficacy and limit repeated use"
],
"answer_start": [
12281
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} |
2,684 | 1918 Influenza: the Mother of All Pandemics
Jeffery K. Taubenberger" and David M. Morens1-
The “Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918—1919,
which caused :50 million deaths worldwide, remains an
ominous warning to public health. Many questions about its
origins, its unusual epidemiologic features, and the basis of
its p... | When did the Swine Flu (Spanish Influenza) virus reappear in humans? | false | 1,066 | {
"text": [
"But in 1977, human H1N1 Viruses\nsuddenly “reemerged” from a laboratory freezer (9). They\ncontinue to circulate endemically and epidemically."
],
"answer_start": [
3115
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} |
2,526 | Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029449/
SHA: 90de2d957e1960b948b8c38c9877f9eca983f9eb
Authors: Cowling, Benjamin J; Leung, Gabriel M
Date: 2020-02-13
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020... | What would a shorter mean serial interval mean? | false | 2,970 | {
"text": [
"slightly lower basic reproductive number."
],
"answer_start": [
698
]
} |
1,671 | Host resilience to emerging coronaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079962/
SHA: f7cfc37ea164f16393d7f4f3f2b32214dea1ded4
Authors: Jamieson, Amanda M
Date: 2016-07-01
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0060
License: cc-by
Abstract: Recently, two coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus an... | How do SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV evade the immune system sensing it's genome? | false | 1,269 | {
"text": [
"SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are contained in double membrane vesicles"
],
"answer_start": [
5612
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} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | What is important for understanding the origin and evolution of this novel lineage B betacoronavirus. | false | 3,696 | {
"text": [
"Learning from the roles of civet in SARS and camel in MERS, hunting for the animal source of 2019-nCoV and its more ancestral virus"
],
"answer_start": [
1503
]
} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | what was the result of the decline in population of Ae. Aegyptus when the virus struck the Reunion Islands, due to massive use dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane usage? | false | 2,509 | {
"text": [
"in an ecological pressure, favoring replacement of alanine at position 226 with valine (E1-A226V)"
],
"answer_start": [
7876
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} |
2,669 | Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1115
SHA: facbfdfa7189ca9ff83dc30e5d241ab22e962dbf
Authors: Heaton, Steven M
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1115
License: cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Globally, recent decades have witnessed a growing disjunction, a 'Valley of Death' 1,2 no l... | What are also discussed by the author? | false | 4,133 | {
"text": [
"alternative posttranslational and RNA-based antiviral approaches, designer vaccines, immunotherapy and the emerging field of neo-virology."
],
"answer_start": [
3215
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} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What are other effects? | false | 3,973 | {
"text": [
"there are also evidence of reduced type I (IFNβ) and III (IFNλ) interferon production due to type 2-skewed inflammation, which contributes to imperfect clearance of the virus resulting in persistence of viral components, or the live virus in the airway epithelium"
],
"answer_start": [
17454
... |
2,683 | Estimating the number of infections and the impact of non-
pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in 11 European countries
30 March 2020 Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
Seth Flaxmani Swapnil Mishra*, Axel Gandy*, H JulietteT Unwin, Helen Coupland, Thomas A Mellan, Harrison
Zhu, Tresnia Berah, Jeffrey W Eato... | When did Italy go into Iockdown? | false | 807 | {
"text": [
"11th March"
],
"answer_start": [
3314
]
} |
2,437 | Screening of FDA-Approved Drugs for Inhibitors of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5640845/
SHA: 1bd2f6497996fc0fccd8dffd7f84846d3d36f964
Authors: Wang, Shaobo; Liu, Yang; Guo, Jiao; Wang, Peilin; Zhang, Leike; Xiao, Gengfu; Wang, Wei
Date: 2017-10-13
DOI: 10.1128/jv... | What measure is used in high-throughput screening to identify potential antiviral compounds? | false | 1,234 | {
"text": [
"selective index of >10"
],
"answer_start": [
812
]
} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | What study is reported in this report? | false | 3,692 | {
"text": [
"bioinformatics analysis on a virus genome from a patient with 2019-nCoV infection and compared it with other related coronavirus genomes."
],
"answer_start": [
717
]
} |
1,676 | Viruses Causing Gastroenteritis: The Known, The New and Those Beyond
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4776197/
SHA: f7b30ee89775bc82607cc6bc87feb5934b47625f
Authors: Oude Munnink, Bas B.; van der Hoek, Lia
Date: 2016-02-19
DOI: 10.3390/v8020042
License: cc-by
Abstract: The list of recently discovered ga... | Which types of adenovirus are associated with diarrhea? | false | 903 | {
"text": [
"type 40 and 41"
],
"answer_start": [
4718
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is a drawback of Ad5 vector? | false | 1,549 | {
"text": [
"preexisting immunity,"
],
"answer_start": [
12531
]
} |
186 | Identifying Locations with Possible Undetected Imported Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Cases by Using Importation Predictions,
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/7/20-0250_article
Volume 26, Number 7—July 2020
Research
Pablo Martinez De Salazar1Comments to Author , René Niehus, Aimee Taylor1, Caroli... | What is the acronym SARS-CoV-2? | false | 244 | {
"text": [
"severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} |
1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What would restrict access to both the virus and to viral diagnostics ? | false | 4,200 | {
"text": [
"The first viral isolate was patented"
],
"answer_start": [
4456
]
} |
2,526 | Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029449/
SHA: 90de2d957e1960b948b8c38c9877f9eca983f9eb
Authors: Cowling, Benjamin J; Leung, Gabriel M
Date: 2020-02-13
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020... | What can also play a role? | false | 2,980 | {
"text": [
"indirect transmission via fomites"
],
"answer_start": [
5735
]
} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What is the current understanding on viral-induced exacerbations? | false | 3,855 | {
"text": [
"that viral infection increases airway inflammation which aggravates disease symptoms."
],
"answer_start": [
749
]
} |
1,553 | Development of an ELISA-array for simultaneous detection of five encephalitis viruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3305475/
SHA: ef2b8f83d5a3ab8ae35e4b51fea6d3ed9eb49122
Authors: Kang, Xiaoping; Li, Yuchang; Fan, Li; Lin, Fang; Wei, Jingjing; Zhu, Xiaolei; Hu, Yi; Li, Jing; Chang, Guohui; Zhu, Qingyu... | How was cross reaction detection determined? | false | 3,012 | {
"text": [
"by applying JEV, YF, and DV cultures"
],
"answer_start": [
9606
]
} |
1,572 | iNR-Drug: Predicting the Interaction of Drugs with Nuclear Receptors in Cellular Networking
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975431/
SHA: ee55aea26f816403476a7cb71816b8ecb1110329
Authors: Fan, Yue-Nong; Xiao, Xuan; Min, Jian-Liang; Chou, Kuo-Chen
Date: 2014-03-19
DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034915
License: cc-by... | What are associated with cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disease, and osteoporosis? | false | 3,258 | {
"text": [
"Nuclear receptors (NRs)"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
2,669 | Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1115
SHA: facbfdfa7189ca9ff83dc30e5d241ab22e962dbf
Authors: Heaton, Steven M
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1115
License: cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Globally, recent decades have witnessed a growing disjunction, a 'Valley of Death' 1,2 no l... | What is neo-virology? | false | 4,167 | {
"text": [
"an emerging field engaged in cataloguing and characterising this biodiversity through a global consortium."
],
"answer_start": [
8235
]
} |
1,667 | C. difficile 630Δerm Spo0A Regulates Sporulation, but Does Not Contribute to Toxin Production, by Direct High-Affinity Binding to Target DNA
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3485338/
SHA: f0fb3bbd96dad4c907c7fd456cd5783ed8fa7bd6
Authors: Rosenbusch, Katharina E.; Bakker, Dennis; Kuijper, Ed J.; Smits, Wi... | What are the main virulence factors in C. difficle? | false | 916 | {
"text": [
"toxins A and B"
],
"answer_start": [
4755
]
} |
1,628 | Evidence for the Convergence Model: The Emergence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) in Viet Nam
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580613/
SHA: ee5b43d20a640664510cb7a540caaae4a8e19933
Authors: Saksena, Sumeet; Fox, Jefferson; Epprecht, Michael; Tran, Chinh C.; Nong, Duong H.; Spencer, James H.;... | What is Compound Topological Index and how is it related to the risk of disease transmission? | false | 600 | {
"text": [
"Compound Topographical Index (CTI, also known as Topographical Wetness Index) is a measure of the tendency for water to pool. Studies in Thailand and elsewhere [54] have shown that the extent of surface water is a strong risk factor, possibly due to the role of water in long-range transmission and pe... |
1,632 | Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli into a versatile glycosylation platform: production of bio-active quercetin glycosides
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4573293/
SHA: f4cd52975e6aa33e8c947082eda9b261952b0f8f
Authors: De Bruyn, Frederik; Van Brempt, Maarten; Maertens, Jo; Van Bellegem, Wouter; Du... | What characteristics does glycosylation have on flavonoids? | false | 5,300 | {
"text": [
"solubility, stability and bio-activity"
],
"answer_start": [
3403
]
} |
1,684 | A novel anti-mycobacterial function of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2804704/
SHA: f6ed1f1e9999e57793addb1c9c54f61c7861a995
Authors: Cheung, Benny KW; Yim, Howard CH; Lee, Norris CM; Lau, Allan SY
Date: 2009-12-17
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-10-64
License: cc-... | What causes tuberculosis? | false | 890 | {
"text": [
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis"
],
"answer_start": [
1889
]
} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | Being closest to 2019-nCoV, which species do the two bat SARS-related coronavirus ZXC21 and ZC45 infect? | false | 3,728 | {
"text": [
"can infect suckling rats and cause inflammation in the brain tissue, and pathological changes in lung & intestine."
],
"answer_start": [
9531
]
} |
1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Where was the Email published? | false | 4,191 | {
"text": [
"on the website of the professional emerging diseases (ProMED) network"
],
"answer_start": [
3065
]
} |
1,595 | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6361828/
SHA: f02d0c1e8b0109648e578662dc250abe349a033c
Authors: Chen, I-Yin; Moriyama, Miyu; Chang, Ming-Fu; Ichinohe, Takeshi
Date: 2019-01-29
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00050
Licens... | What are examples of proinflammatory cytokines? | false | 290 | {
"text": [
"tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6"
],
"answer_start": [
2731
]
} |
2,555 | Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030657
SHA: 0938d2fb07611897abf38cea727ddbeea77b73d9
Authors: Nishiura, Hiroshi
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030657
License: cc-by
Abstract: To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship... | What was the effect of movement restriction policy on the Diamond Princess cruise ship started on 5th February 2020. | false | 1,196 | {
"text": [
"highly successful in greatly reducing the number of secondary transmissions on board."
],
"answer_start": [
7231
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} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | How does the genome of 2019-vCOV compare with SARS like viruses and SARS-COV? | false | 3,693 | {
"text": [
"Overall, the genome of 2019-nCoV has 89% nucleotide identity with bat SARS-like-CoVZXC21 and 82% with that of human SARS-CoV. The phylogenetic trees of their orf1a/b, Spike, Envelope, Membrane and Nucleoprotein also clustered closely with those of the bat, civet and human SARS coronaviruses."
],
... |
2,620 | Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the Early Outbreak
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020388
SHA: bf20dda99538a594eafc258553634fd9195104cb
Authors: Zhao, Shi; Musa, Salihu S.; Lin, Qianying; Ran, Jinjun; ... | What are some of the symptoms caused by the virus? | false | 1,884 | {
"text": [
"ymptoms including fever, cough, and sh"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,591 | Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/
SHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df
Authors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; Nokes, D. Ja... | What is the most common subgroup of HMPV? | false | 4,066 | {
"text": [
"HMPV A2"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,661 | Neutralization Interfering Antibodies: A “Novel” Example of Humoral Immune Dysfunction Facilitating Viral Escape?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499828/
SHA: f4f75af02b7226c5b2363de1a75821a4b9b20412
Authors: Nicasio, Mancini; Sautto, Giuseppe; Clementi, Nicola; Diotti, Roberta A.; Criscuolo, Elena; Ca... | How are type A, B, and C viruses determined? | false | 5,169 | {
"text": [
"antigenic differences of their nucleoprotein and matrix protein"
],
"answer_start": [
15966
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} |
1,631 | Clara Cell 10 kDa Protein Alleviates Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain 3-Induced Fulminant Hepatitis by Inhibiting Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Expression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6300492/
SHA: f0c2cd2793d71f1ea11a810442a2c06d5013e899
Authors: Yu, Haijing; Liu, Yang; Wang, Hongwu; Wan, Xiaoyang; Huang, ... | What was the goal of this study? | false | 5,294 | {
"text": [
"to determine the role of CC10 in FH and the regulation of Fgl2 by CC10"
],
"answer_start": [
1157
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} |
1,625 | Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6298726/
SHA: f3c309c596c20f48f493b77e714ce957d877bdcb
Authors: de Barros, Bruno de Cássio Veloso; Chagas, Elaine Nunes; Bezerra, Luna Wanessa; Ribeiro, Laila Grazie... | What is qRT-PCR? | false | 434 | {
"text": [
"qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What is the observed benefit of the molecules? | false | 3,654 | {
"text": [
"Molecules developed by the university scientists inhibit two coronavirus enzymes and prevent its replication. The discovered drug targets are said to be more than 95% similar to enzyme targets found on the SARS virus."
],
"answer_start": [
13976
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} |
2,526 | Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029449/
SHA: 90de2d957e1960b948b8c38c9877f9eca983f9eb
Authors: Cowling, Benjamin J; Leung, Gabriel M
Date: 2020-02-13
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020... | When does the infectivity of SARS-COV peak? | false | 2,976 | {
"text": [
"10 days after illness onset [7] , consistent with the peak in viral load at around that time"
],
"answer_start": [
5028
]
} |
2,683 | Estimating the number of infections and the impact of non-
pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in 11 European countries
30 March 2020 Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
Seth Flaxmani Swapnil Mishra*, Axel Gandy*, H JulietteT Unwin, Helen Coupland, Thomas A Mellan, Harrison
Zhu, Tresnia Berah, Jeffrey W Eato... | What is an infection-to-onset-distribution? | false | 1,084 | {
"text": [
"time from infection to the onset\nof symptoms"
],
"answer_start": [
32609
]
} |
1,551 | Demographic Variations of MERS-CoV Infection among Suspected and Confirmed Cases: An Epidemiological Analysis of Laboratory-Based Data from Riyadh Regional Laboratory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049846/
SHA: edee452881f826fb72c58ee68a982789b12aa99d
Authors: Altamimi, Asmaa; Abu-Saris, Raghib; El-Me... | What is the Case fatality rate for MERS Coronavirus? | false | 558 | {
"text": [
"Recent fatality rate (CFR) of 21%"
],
"answer_start": [
2686
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} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What were the results? | false | 3,674 | {
"text": [
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1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | With what have three studies correlated plasma viral RNA? | false | 4,572 | {
"text": [
"with disease severity for HCPS and HFRS,"
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1,550 | Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/
SHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7
Authors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Terry Fei Fan... | What diseases are associated with echoviruses? | false | 2,989 | {
"text": [
"respiratory illness, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and aseptic meningitis,"
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1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | What is emphyema? | false | 923 | {
"text": [
"a rare complication of pneumonia"
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"answer_start": [
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650 | Role of S-Palmitoylation on IFITM5 for the Interaction with FKBP11 in Osteoblast Cells
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3776769/
Tsukamoto, Takashi; Li, Xianglan; Morita, Hiromi; Minowa, Takashi; Aizawa, Tomoyasu; Hanagata, Nobutaka; Demura, Makoto
2013-09-18
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0075831
License:cc-by... | What amino acid might be involved in calcium binding in the C-terminal region of a protein? | false | 580 | {
"text": [
"aspartate"
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1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What was the result of the rAd5-HA testing? | false | 1,526 | {
"text": [
"The vaccine was well tolerated and induced seroconversion with the intranasal administration had a higher conversion rate and higher geometric meant HI titers"
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2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What were the differences in immune responses? | false | 3,653 | {
"text": [
"no differences in immune responses between dose groups after 6 weeks and vaccine-induced humoral and cellular responses were respectively detected in 77% and 64% participants at week 60"
],
"answer_start": [
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2,620 | Estimating the Unreported Number of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Cases in China in the First Half of January 2020: A Data-Driven Modelling Analysis of the Early Outbreak
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020388
SHA: bf20dda99538a594eafc258553634fd9195104cb
Authors: Zhao, Shi; Musa, Salihu S.; Lin, Qianying; Ran, Jinjun; ... | As of 26 January 2020, what countries had sporadic cases? | false | 1,891 | {
"text": [
"were reported in Thailand, Japan, Republic of Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Australia, and"
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1,578 | Inhibitory Effect and Possible Mechanism of Action of Patchouli Alcohol against Influenza A (H2N2) Virus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6264369/
SHA: f2d842780b9928cc70f38a4458553f2431877603
Authors: Wu, Huaxing; Li, Beili; Wang, Xue; Jin, Mingyuan; Wang, Guonian
Date: 2011-08-03
DOI: 10.3390/molecules... | What was the focus of this study? | false | 4,070 | {
"text": [
"the anti-influenza A (H2N2) virus activity of patchouli alcohol"
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"answer_start": [
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1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | Where else MERS-COV has also been detected? | false | 4,184 | {
"text": [
"in mild and influenza-like illnesses and in those with no signs or symptoms."
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | What are the recent activities of CHIKV? | false | 2,493 | {
"text": [
"the Indian epidemic in 2005-2006, which was followed by a sudden explosion of cases in 2007. An estimated 1.3 million people across 13 states were reported to be infected in India [12, 16] , and CHIKV was also widespread in Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia [17] . In July-August of 2007, CHIKV was r... |
2,432 | Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090843/
SHA: 0a08fddd9dcee1b1254a05b49113521bbc423ccd
Authors: Lai, Jianbo; Ma, Simeng; Wang, Ying; Cai, Zhongxiang; Hu, Jianbo; Wei, Ning; Wu, Jiang; Du, Hui; Ch... | What were the results of analysis? | false | 3,466 | {
"text": [
"participants from outside Hubei province were associated with lower risk of experiencing symptoms of distress compared with those in Wuhan (odds ratio [OR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.88; P = .008)"
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"answer_start": [
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2,592 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the SARS-COV-2 reservoir? | false | 2,762 | {
"text": [
"the seafood market"
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} |
1,601 | Pandemic Influenza Due to pH1N1/2009 Virus: Estimation of Infection Burden in Reunion Island through a Prospective Serosurvey, Austral Winter 2009
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183080/
SHA: ee6d70a53e3262cea6f85bd8b226f6b4c8b5f64b
Authors: Dellagi, Koussay; Rollot, Olivier; Temmam, Sarah; Salez, Nico... | What is meant by a protective HIA titer? | false | 5,258 | {
"text": [
"conferring 50% protection against a viral challenge"
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"answer_start": [
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2,642 | First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068164/
SHA: ce358c18aac69fc83c7b2e9a7dca4a43b0f60e2e
Authors: Spiteri, Gianfranco; Fielding, James; Diercke, Michaela; Campese, Christine; Enouf, Vincent; Gayma... | What was time from onset to hospitalisation? | false | 3,814 | {
"text": [
"ranged between 0 and 10 days with a mean of 3.7 days"
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2,643 | Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in complex humanitarian crises
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085188/
SHA: d013e42811c6442b184da3b9bbfd9e334031a975
Authors: Poole, Danielle N.; Escudero, Daniel J.; Gostin, Lawrence O.; Leblang, David; Talbot, Elizabeth A.
Date: 2020-03-21
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-0... | Where are difficulties are exacerbated during humanitarian crises? | false | 1,916 | {
"text": [
"Providing the limited healthcare worker cadre with appropriate training and personal protective equipment, and ensuring a continuous supply chain"
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"answer_start": [
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} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | What did the studies reveal regarding transmission from mothers during perinatal period? | false | 2,523 | {
"text": [
"During the 2005-2006 La Reunion Island outbreaks, Ramful et al. discovered that mothers could transmit CHIKV to their progeny during the perinatal period (Day 24 to Day +1) [33, 34] , and it is associated with a high degree of morbidity. By mean Day 4 of life, all of the neonates were symptomatic for... |
1,645 | Pre-existing immunity against vaccine vectors – friend or foe?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3542731/
SHA: f5bdf18567bb3760e1ce05008135f0270badbd5c
Authors: Saxena, Manvendra; Van, Thi Thu Hao; Baird, Fiona J.; Coloe, Peter J.; Smooker, Peter M.
Date: 2013-01-27
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.049601-0
License: cc... | How can vectors for which host has immunity, be used differently to increase the efficacy of vaccination? | false | 880 | {
"text": [
"it will be possible to utilize such vectors only by developing vaccines from alternative serotypes. It may be that a vector such as Pre-existing immunity against vaccine vectors attenuated influenza virus, with the ability to easily develop reassortants, will be useful in this context.\n\nIn addition... |
1,671 | Host resilience to emerging coronaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079962/
SHA: f7cfc37ea164f16393d7f4f3f2b32214dea1ded4
Authors: Jamieson, Amanda M
Date: 2016-07-01
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0060
License: cc-by
Abstract: Recently, two coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus an... | How does cell-entry differ between SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV? | false | 1,266 | {
"text": [
"SARS-CoV uses the ACE2 receptor to gain entry to cells, while MERS-CoV uses the ectopeptidase DPP4"
],
"answer_start": [
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1,565 | Design, Synthesis, Evaluation and Thermodynamics of 1-Substituted Pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]Pyridine Derivatives as Cysteine Protease Inhibitors
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3734177/
SHA: ee8483f8f2cc5fe38be4e565eae3af9d0bb8220b
Authors: Khan, Mohd Sajid; Baig, Mohd Hassan; Ahmad, Saheem; Siddiqui, Shapi ... | What could be novel candidates as potent inhibitors of papain like cysteine proteases in resistant microorganisms? | false | 3,044 | {
"text": [
"1-substituted pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives"
],
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} |
1,567 | Bioinformatics analysis of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus genome
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3377956/
SHA: eff26d8739498efca2d32fe2e66cdbebf0569c50
Authors: Tian, Xiao-ting; Li, Bao-yu; Zhang, Liang; Jiao, Wen-qiang; Liu, Ji-xing
Date: 2011-11-01
DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-494
License: cc-by
Abstr... | What accounts for the variation of codon usage among open reading frameworks? | false | 566 | {
"text": [
"mutational pressure and translational selection"
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"answer_start": [
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2,653 | Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7048229/
SHA: da81f0d3a12ab7faa09148acb6564271474e9e02
Authors: Zhang, Wei; Du, Rong-Hui; Li, Bei; Zheng, Xiao-Shuang; Yang, Xing-Lou; Hu, Ben; Wang, Yan-Yi; Xi... | How is 2019-nCOV transmitted? | false | 881 | {
"text": [
"2019-nCoV was transmitted through respiratory tract and then induced pneumonia,"
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"answer_start": [
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2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What has Spalluto et.al. have shown? | false | 4,021 | {
"text": [
"that antiviral factors such as IFNγ epigenetically modifies the viral resistance of epithelial cells."
],
"answer_start": [
31672
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} |
1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | What does the hamster model for HCPS caused by? | false | 4,564 | {
"text": [
"by capillary leak that results in pulmonary edema and the production of a pleural effusion with exudative characteristics"
],
"answer_start": [
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1,547 | Complete Genome Sequence of a Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strain Isolated in China
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3795213/
SHA: f2df4fc3c60338755fd23da3d7e01c0455e20745
Authors: Yang, Jing-tian; Ma, Bing-cun
Date: 2013-10-10
DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00815-13
License: cc-by
Abstract: Infec... | What virus has the closest genetic identity with the SAIBK gene? | false | 1,624 | {
"text": [
"Chinese IBV strain SC021202"
],
"answer_start": [
2061
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} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | How was the Italian isolation found to have evolved from? | false | 2,494 | {
"text": [
"from the Kerala isolate, which was associated with a A226V shift in E1 gene that represents a successful evolutionary adaptation in the mosquito vector similar to the ones observed in Reunion Island ["
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776 | It is Unlikely That Influenza Viruses Will Cause a Pandemic Again Like What Happened in 1918 and 1919
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019839/
Song, Liting
2014-05-07
DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00039
License:cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Influenza and influenza viruses are wellknown popular topics to medical p... | Why would real case fatality rate for the H7N9 be lower than detected rate? | false | 304 | {
"text": [
"most people usually think a common cold is a very common and normal occurrence, and they don't take flu-like illnesses seriously. In most situations, they would just stay home and take some medicines. Only those who have very severe flu-like symptoms would see doctors, and thereby be detected and dia... |
1,674 | Beyond phage display: non-traditional applications of the filamentous bacteriophage as a vaccine carrier, therapeutic biologic, and bioconjugation scaffold
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523942/
SHA: f00f183d0bce0091a02349ec1eab44a76dad9bc4
Authors: Henry, Kevin A.; Arbabi-Ghahroudi, Mehdi; Scott, Jam... | What is the primary antibody response against the phage? | false | 1,751 | {
"text": [
"composed of a mixture of IgM and IgG2b isotypes in C57BL/6 mice, while secondary antibody responses are composed primarily of IgG1 and IgG2b isotypes, with a lesser contribution of IgG2c and IgG3 isotypes (Hashiguchi et al., 2010) ."
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2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What does the destruction of epithelial barrier, mucociliary function and cell death of the epithelial cells do? | false | 4,001 | {
"text": [
"serves to increase contact between environmental triggers with the lower airway and resident immune cells."
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25837
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1,568 | Etiology of respiratory tract infections in the community and clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719735/
SHA: f2e835d2cde5f42054dbd0c20d4060721135c518
Authors: Kolawole, Olatunji; Oguntoye, Michael; Dam, Tina; Chunara, Rumi
Date: 2017-12-07
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-3063-1
License:... | What was the difference between community and clinic cases of acute respiratory infections? | false | 1,606 | {
"text": [
"increased severity of illness in the clinical sample"
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1,631 | Clara Cell 10 kDa Protein Alleviates Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain 3-Induced Fulminant Hepatitis by Inhibiting Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Expression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6300492/
SHA: f0c2cd2793d71f1ea11a810442a2c06d5013e899
Authors: Yu, Haijing; Liu, Yang; Wang, Hongwu; Wan, Xiaoyang; Huang, ... | What is fulminant hepatitis? | false | 5,295 | {
"text": [
"a serious life-threatening disease characterized by massive hepatocyte necrosis"
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"answer_start": [
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} |
2,432 | Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090843/
SHA: 0a08fddd9dcee1b1254a05b49113521bbc423ccd
Authors: Lai, Jianbo; Ma, Simeng; Wang, Ying; Cai, Zhongxiang; Hu, Jianbo; Wei, Ning; Wu, Jiang; Du, Hui; Ch... | What proportion of healthcare workers reported symptoms of depression? | false | 3,459 | {
"text": [
"50.4%"
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1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | Do LAIV replicate at body temperature? | false | 1,480 | {
"text": [
"they do not replicate effectively at core body temperature"
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"answer_start": [
4446
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1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What did the discovery process over two to three years reveal? | false | 4,197 | {
"text": [
"a virus that had infected over 90 % of adult dromedary camels (DC; Camelus dromedarius) in the KSA [4] , also DCs across the Arabian Peninsula and parts of Africa that are a source of DC imports for the KSA"
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"answer_start": [
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1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What was the first known MERS human-to-human transmission event was one characterized by? | false | 4,301 | {
"text": [
"acute LRT disease"
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"answer_start": [
47586
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2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What may studies in natural exacerbations and in viral-challenge models using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) or single cell RNA-seq on a range of time-points provide? | false | 4,028 | {
"text": [
"important information regarding viral pathogenesis and changes induced within the airway of chronic airway inflammatory disease patients to identify novel targets and pathway for improved management of the disease."
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"answer_start": [
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1,671 | Host resilience to emerging coronaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079962/
SHA: f7cfc37ea164f16393d7f4f3f2b32214dea1ded4
Authors: Jamieson, Amanda M
Date: 2016-07-01
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0060
License: cc-by
Abstract: Recently, two coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus an... | How do SARS-CoV viral proteins interact with the immune response? | false | 1,271 | {
"text": [
"several viral proteins suppress the type I IFN response, and other aspects of innate antiviral immunity"
],
"answer_start": [
5757
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} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What do these factors do? | false | 3,975 | {
"text": [
"enhance granulocyte infiltration thus prolonging the exacerbation symptoms. Such persistent inflammation may also be found within DNA viruses such as AdV, hCMV and HSV, whose infections generally persist longer (Imperiale and Jiang, 2015) , further contributing to chronic activation of inflammation w... |
1,594 | Gemcitabine and Nucleos(t)ide Synthesis Inhibitors Are Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Drugs that Activate Innate Immunity
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5923505/
SHA: f1e1e2511e051195c8327a56d5c311a2dd4ab6b3
Authors: Shin, Hye Jin; Kim, Chonsaeng; Cho, Sungchan
Date: 2018-04-20
DOI: 10.3390/v10040211
License... | How does gemcitabine disrupt viral activity? | false | 5,235 | {
"text": [
"by targeting the salvage pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis"
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1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | What is the word Chikungunya mean? | false | 2,479 | {
"text": [
"'that which contorts or bends up'"
],
"answer_start": [
1855
]
} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What is the reason for the involvement of respiratory viruses in exacerbation? | false | 3,873 | {
"text": [
"their ease of transmission and infection"
],
"answer_start": [
4685
]
} |
2,440 | Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030674
SHA: 1d7f8850c5244fdc9b387038e7eeae9bcbbde6d2
Authors: Al-Qaness, Mohammed A. A.; Ewees, Ahmed A.; Fan, Hong; Abd El Aziz, Mohamed
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030674
License: cc-by
Abstract: In December 2019,... | What is MVO? | false | 4,424 | {
"text": [
"multi-verse optimizer"
],
"answer_start": [
4786
]
} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | What high possibility does the novel orf8 have? | false | 3,737 | {
"text": [
"to form a protein with an alpha-helix, following with a betasheet(s) containing six strands"
],
"answer_start": [
13069
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is the efficacy of LAIV? | false | 1,487 | {
"text": [
"it is generally considered to be as effective as inactivated vaccines and may be more efficacious in children"
],
"answer_start": [
5998
]
} |
1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | Is influenza vaccination during pregnancy safe? How long does it protect the child? | false | 541 | {
"text": [
"Influenza vaccination during pregnancy is safe, provides reasonable maternal protection against influenza, and also protects infants for a limited period from confirmed influenza infection (vaccine efficacy 63% in Bangladesh [63] and 50.4% in South Africa [64] ). However as antibody levels drop sharp... |
2,565 | Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 Inhibits Hantaan Virus Infection, and Its Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs12252 Influences the Severity of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5206578/
SHA: 4328e18bdf9b52875c87f3f5ddb1911636a192d2
Authors: Xu-yang, Zheng; Pei... | What the animal vector reservoir for Hantaan virus? | false | 548 | {
"text": [
"rodents"
],
"answer_start": [
25187
]
} |
1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | What is the strongest risk factor for childhood pneumonia? | false | 539 | {
"text": [
"The single strongest risk factor for pneumonia is HIV infection, which is especially prevalent in children in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV-infected children have 6 times increased odds of developing severe pneumonia or of death compared to HIV-uninfected children"
],
"answer_start": [
17514
]
} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What is the status of the nine trials? | false | 3,649 | {
"text": [
"five studies on hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir plus ritonavir and arbidol, mesenchymal stem cells, traditional Chinese medicine and glucocorticoid therapy usage have commenced recruitment. The remaining four studies encompass investigation of antivirals, interferon atomization, darunavir and cobicista... |
2,440 | Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030674
SHA: 1d7f8850c5244fdc9b387038e7eeae9bcbbde6d2
Authors: Al-Qaness, Mohammed A. A.; Ewees, Ahmed A.; Fan, Hong; Abd El Aziz, Mohamed
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030674
License: cc-by
Abstract: In December 2019,... | What do the authors propose? | false | 4,433 | {
"text": [
"an efficient forecasting model to forecast the confirmed cases of the COVID-19 in China for the upcoming ten days based on previously confirmed cases."
],
"answer_start": [
7987
]
} |
650 | Role of S-Palmitoylation on IFITM5 for the Interaction with FKBP11 in Osteoblast Cells
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3776769/
Tsukamoto, Takashi; Li, Xianglan; Morita, Hiromi; Minowa, Takashi; Aizawa, Tomoyasu; Hanagata, Nobutaka; Demura, Makoto
2013-09-18
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0075831
License:cc-by... | What is another name for IFITM5? | false | 574 | {
"text": [
"bonerestricted IFITM-like (BRIL) protein"
],
"answer_start": [
6107
]
} |
1,574 | Population-Based Pertussis Incidence and Risk Factors in Infants Less Than 6 Months in Nepal
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5907881/
SHA: ef821e34873d4752ecae41cd9dfc08a5e6db45e2
Authors: Hughes, Michelle M; Englund, Janet A; Kuypers, Jane; Tielsch, James M; Khatry, Subarna K; Shrestha, Laxman; LeClerq... | What type of swabs are used to sample patients with pertussis? | false | 2,171 | {
"text": [
"mid-nasal nylon flocked"
],
"answer_start": [
6206
]
} |
1,591 | Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/
SHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df
Authors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; Nokes, D. Ja... | What causes acute respiratory illness in young children? | false | 4,059 | {
"text": [
"Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} |
1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | What pneumonia related or chest conditions indicate the need for child radiography? | false | 533 | {
"text": [
"chest radiography should not be routinely performed in children with ambulatory pneumonia [31] [32] [33] . Indications for chest radiography include hospitalization, severe hypoxemia or respiratory distress, failed initial antibiotic therapy, or suspicion for other diseases (tuberculosis, inhaled for... |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What was the result of the treatment? | false | 3,664 | {
"text": [
"Significantly shorted time from the disease onset to the symptom improvement in treatment (5.10 ± 2.83 days) compared to control group (7.62 ± 2.27 days) (p < 0.05) No significant difference in blood routine improvement, pulmonary chest shadow in chest film improvement and corticosteroid usgae betwee... |
2,683 | Estimating the number of infections and the impact of non-
pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in 11 European countries
30 March 2020 Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
Seth Flaxmani Swapnil Mishra*, Axel Gandy*, H JulietteT Unwin, Helen Coupland, Thomas A Mellan, Harrison
Zhu, Tresnia Berah, Jeffrey W Eato... | Why is it challenging to estimate the reproduction number? | false | 829 | {
"text": [
"high proportion of\ninfections not detected by health systems”7 and regular changes in testing policies,"
],
"answer_start": [
8467
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is a characteristic of LAIV? | false | 1,481 | {
"text": [
"LAIV are temperature-sensitive and cold-adapted"
],
"answer_start": [
4395
]
} |
1,550 | Nearly Complete Genome Sequence of an Echovirus 30 Strain from a Cluster of Aseptic Meningitis Cases in California, September 2017
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953510/
SHA: f0c4d40e1879dd1a049298f151940ac168b5f5a7
Authors: Pan, Chao-Yang; Huynh, Thalia; Padilla, Tasha; Chen, Alice; Ng, Terry Fei Fan... | What type of reference genome was used in the study? | false | 2,993 | {
"text": [
"E-30"
],
"answer_start": [
3206
]
} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What does all this gradually lead to? | false | 3,996 | {
"text": [
"more far reaching effect when normal flora is replaced with opportunistic pathogens, altering the inflammatory profiles"
],
"answer_start": [
24491
]
} |
630 | Functional Genetic Variants in DC-SIGNR Are Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752805/
Boily-Larouche, Geneviève; Iscache, Anne-Laure; Zijenah, Lynn S.; Humphrey, Jean H.; Mouland, Andrew J.; Ward, Brian J.; Roger, Michel
2009-10-07
DOI:10.1371/journal.... | How can CCR5's effect in HIV-1 transmission be reduced? | false | 321 | {
"text": [
"The 32-pb deletion polymorphism in CCR5 has be shown to protect from vertical transmission of HIV-1"
],
"answer_start": [
27966
]
} |
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