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92ee3cc12a6a2324bd2b8c5d89088034db0e8343
subsection
68
197
1.
This term arises from the piece of \phi _0 and \phi _\omega that goes like \frac{-z^\Delta }{2\Delta -d}. In particular, it has no dependence on t_B anywhere. On the surface \mathcal {E}, since \partial _\tau \phi =0, the integrand in (REF ) only depends on \nabla ^2\phi ^2. Working to leading order in R means only kee...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03911387547850609, 0.05619949847459793, -0.009953901171684265, -0.0015788946766406298, -0.0058350455947220325, 0.028801480308175087, 0.03767990320920944, 0.040242746472358704, -0.004355308599770069, 0.005716819316148758, -0.04783974587917328, 0.009549642913043499, 0.010388669557869434, ...
da1654a1b0be07b0c646d6215700fc801754888d
subsection
69
197
1.
Again picking out the \langle \mathcal {O} \rangle _g\,\delta \langle \mathcal {O} \rangle term in the integrand (REF ), we find\delta S^{(2)}_{\mathcal {T},1} &= -2\pi \langle \mathcal {O} \rangle _g\,\delta \langle \mathcal {O} \rangle \frac{\Omega _{d-2} z_0^{-d+1}}{(2\Delta -d)^2} \int _0^Rdt\int _0^{R-t}dr\,r^{d-2...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.06444930285215378, 0.06756191700696945, -0.00501984404399991, -0.009971028193831444, 0.0004391410038806498, 0.0017136512324213982, 0.015807168558239937, 0.012686931528151035, 0.002210486214607954, 0.013014975935220718, -0.04052494093775749, 0.033262189477682114, 0.03018009662628174, 0.0...
17155054d9c3e5f6a6c37a32c6a3b53cde5c4a12
subsection
70
197
1.
The divergent integral evaluates to\delta S^{(2)}_{\mathcal {E},\text{div.}} = -2\pi g\lambda _\omega \frac{\Omega _{d-2} R^d}{d^2-1} \log \left( \frac{R}{z_0} \right)\left(1+\frac{d}{2}\gamma _E+\frac{d}{2}\log \frac{\omega R z_0}{4L}\right),and the remaining finite piece with z_0\rightarrow 0 is\delta S^{(2)}_{\mathc...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05875188857316971, 0.032443251460790634, 0.006836583372205496, 0.01613006368279457, -0.012917784973978996, -0.016709953546524048, 0.014329357072710991, -0.0010968290735036135, 0.004806972574442625, 0.03821161761879921, -0.011948760598897934, 0.04031752794981003, 0.0019018062157556415, 0...
d6a7790db5f9ea355ec032d78ef1af70f12939ee
subsection
71
197
2.
On the surface \mathcal {E}, this term comes from the part of one field going like z^\Delta , and the other going like z^{d-\Delta }. Hence, when we evaluate this term in \nabla ^2\phi ^2 for the bulk integral, we will be acting on a term proportional to z^d, which is annihilated by the Laplacian. So the bulk will only...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04578022286295891, 0.0374787412583828, -0.010964363813400269, 0.0302302073687315, -0.009095003828406334, 0.010445521213114262, 0.04510878026485443, -0.01379510760307312, -0.0015069323126226664, -0.002330976305529475, -0.06427543610334396, 0.028948361054062843, -0.006901368498802185, 0.0...
d9887d64ed76ed7f274d9845af63f45f2bde0b5b
subsection
72
197
2.
This term receives no contribution from the region t\sim z, so we can evaluate it in the region t\gg z, using the asymptotic form for F(t/z). Evaluating the derivatives in this expression (and recalling that only the z-derivatives in the Laplacian will produce a nonzero contribution at z\rightarrow 0), this leads to& \...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.07953852415084839, 0.06855085492134094, 0.003452722914516926, 0.0011979612754657865, -0.003801810322329402, 0.009171652607619762, 0.05136736109852791, 0.026706144213676453, 0.029086805880069733, -0.011926201172173023, -0.044072769582271576, 0.035801492631435394, 0.024264439940452576, 0....
7261ce3aa8b594da251c448ecf6020067e61f32c
subsection
73
197
2.
The boundary term at t=0 is2\pi g \lambda _\omega \frac{\Omega _{d-2} R^d}{d^2-1} \frac{d}{2}\log \left( \frac{2L}{z_0} \right) \left(\gamma _E+ \log {\frac{\omega z_0}{2}} \right).At the other boundary t=c\gg z_0, the asymptotic formulas (REF ) and (REF ) produce the term-2\pi g \lambda _\omega \frac{\Omega _{d-2} R^d...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.08758466690778732, 0.020492371171712875, -0.017806848511099815, 0.008941570296883583, 0.0015363555867224932, -0.006446780636906624, -0.009765537455677986, 0.02209452912211418, 0.028411611914634705, 0.0012330898316577077, -0.02197246067225933, 0.03881801292300224, -0.0051345364190638065, ...
1fe57bb6c8410a62efdfd7999b19b7bbdce4688d
subsection
74
197
2.
For the region (z+v,c), we can take \delta /z\rightarrow 0 and L/z, a/z\rightarrow \infty , which produces the integral2 \lambda _\omega \int _{z_0+v}^c dt \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{t^2-z_0^2}} - \frac{t}{t^2-z_0^2}\right) \rightarrow \lambda _\omega \log \frac{8v}{z_0},where we have taken the limits c/z_0\gg 1, v/z_0\ll 1....
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.06805522739887238, 0.04330509901046753, -0.027573049068450928, 0.021789880469441414, -0.0033779656514525414, 0.006607155781239271, 0.005611504428088665, -0.018509190529584885, 0.0162966325879097, -0.013366901315748692, -0.006691080518066883, 0.0628671646118164, 0.008560310117900372, -0....
762aa71015c127638fc702670b5e781fce071bd9
subsection
75
197
3.
The final type of term arises when both fields behave as z^{d-\Delta } F(t/z). The \mathcal {E} surface term will go like R^{2(d-\Delta )}, and hence will be subleading compared to the R^d terms. In fact, this calculation is essentially the same as the change in vacuum entanglement when deforming by a constant source, ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0756358653306961, -0.0026058966759592295, -0.001599593204446137, -0.0024437434040009975, -0.007062247022986412, -0.0026535887736827135, 0.025669798254966736, 0.00785965844988823, 0.017978016287088394, -0.008607471361756325, -0.017153896391391754, 0.0413280688226223, 0.03702433407306671, ...
461186dbefe45f407370e0e5130cfdecff5bef43
subsection
76
197
3.
We start with the first bracketed term in equation (REF ),\delta S^{(2)}_{\mathcal {T},1} &= 2\pi g\lambda _\omega \Omega _{d-2} \int _c^R dt\int _0^{R-t} dr\, r^{d-2} \left[\frac{R^2-r^2-t^2}{2R}\right] \frac{d}{2t} \left(\gamma _E+ \log \frac{t^2\omega }{L}\right) \\ &= 2\pi g \lambda _\omega \frac{\Omega _{d-2} R^d}...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05376777425408363, 0.0373200848698616, -0.013716580346226692, 0.0108481515198946, -0.02052146941423416, -0.022215062752366066, 0.027799343690276146, 0.022871138527989388, 0.02390865609049797, 0.023740822449326515, -0.027250070124864578, 0.031079726293683052, -0.005721599329262972, 0.010...
ff62c062f2e7d73ebe8a440b08d65c2ccf930e75
subsection
77
197
3.
Only the z-derivatives in the Laplacian term \nabla ^2 \phi ^2 contribute in the limit z\rightarrow 0. Since \phi ^2 scales as z^d, the z-derivatives in the Laplacian annihilate it, and hence this piece is zero. The integral then becomes\delta S^{(2)}_{\mathcal {T},2}&=2\pi g\lambda _\omega \Omega _{d-2}\left(\frac{d}{...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0654953345656395, 0.05228029191493988, -0.0055545903742313385, 0.005134943872690201, -0.004970900248736143, -0.0010185958817601204, 0.02375960722565651, 0.018998529762029648, 0.005405806470662355, -0.00714924605563283, -0.052799127995967865, 0.04568802937865257, 0.009186437353491783, 0....
83309132def6a59101974426610400e54fa0d936
subsection
78
197
4.
The final divergence in \delta comes from the expectation value of the CFT stress tensor, in \delta S^{(1)}. At order g \lambda _\omega , this is given by\delta \left\langle T^0_{00}(0) \right\rangle = -\int d^d x_a d^d x_b g\lambda _\omega (x_b) \left\langle T^0_{\tau \tau }(0) \mathcal {O}(x_a)\mathcal {O}(x_b) \righ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05103262886404991, 0.01930510625243187, -0.06965099275112152, -0.04031943902373314, 0.010102750733494759, 0.01016379427164793, -0.013277029618620872, 0.044439896941185, 0.06635462492704391, 0.021380595862865448, 0.007271843962371349, -0.00615397933870554, 0.03189539164304733, 0.03097973...
83a6504b40c33c61d6e79b0e939dcd86d241a6d5
subsection
79
197
4.
For \tau _a<0, the contribution from the operator insertion is&\hphantom{=} -g\lambda _\omega \frac{1}{V} \int d\vec{x} d\vec{x_a} d\vec{x_b}\int _\delta ^\mu d\tau _b \int _{-\mu }^{-\delta } d\tau _a \partial _{\tau _a}\left\langle \mathcal {O}(x_a)\mathcal {O}(x_b) \right\rangle \delta (\vec{x}-\vec{x_a}) \\ &= -g\l...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03922615945339203, 0.027137786149978638, -0.05369557440280914, -0.017644139006733894, 0.030785666778683662, 0.0020967680029571056, 0.042858775705099106, 0.04798717796802521, 0.06685236096382141, 0.028343571349978447, -0.007082076743245125, 0.0007512305164709687, 0.014988360926508904, 0....
ada1667aea92b6efd7c16f600a665c98df4839f4
subsection
80
197
Entanglement equilibrium for higher order gravity
This chapter is based on my paper “Entanglement equilibrium for higher order gravity," published in Physical Review D in 2017, in collaboration with Pablo Bueno, Vincent Min, and Manus Visser .
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0025025014765560627, -0.0012369452742859721, -0.03640834242105484, 0.014107088558375835, -0.015358339063823223, 0.022797176614403725, 0.016891883686184883, 0.002790517872199416, 0.03723233565688133, -0.024582497775554657, -0.008850309997797012, 0.02818365953862667, -0.008644310757517815, ...
fc30727d927d34840d3b8e7d701a428d592e29f9
subsection
81
197
Summary of results and outline
This chapter explores an extension of the entanglement equilibrium argument described in section to higher curvature theories. For general relativity, the equilibrium condition applied to the entanglement was\delta S_\text{EE}\big |_V = \frac{\delta A\big |_V}{4G} + \delta S_\text{mat} = 0 \, .It is not a priori clear ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.015261651016771793, 0.009607208892703056, -0.015162450261414051, -0.01614682748913765, -0.02246515080332756, -0.020572705194354057, 0.0041282763704657555, 0.008828865364193916, 0.01059921644628048, 0.024464426562190056, 0.0021843237336724997, 0.011293621733784676, -0.021885206922888756, ...
40a905b3e2f4a2558e24fbb2a52667484f09d87d
subsection
82
197
Summary of results and outline
Using a modified generalized volume defined byW^{\prime } = W + W_\text{JKM} \, ,the identity (REF ) continues to hold with \delta (S_\text{Wald}+S_\text{JKM})\big |_{W^{\prime }} replacing \delta S_\text{Wald}\big |_W . As discussed in section REF , the subleading divergences for the entanglement entropy involve a par...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.022121306508779526, 0.0081619992852211, -0.004866687580943108, -0.03826223313808441, -0.0367671363055706, -0.0027384653221815825, -0.0004972526803612709, -0.0210838932543993, 0.000029797020033583976, 0.012601517140865326, 0.007917902432382107, 0.002891025971621275, -0.01517216581851244, ...
eeffe8a4fb14205f26559b33e391f6cadc0eab25
subsection
83
197
First law of causal diamond mechanics
Jacobson's entanglement equilibrium argument compares the surface area of a small spatial ball \Sigma in a curved spacetime to the one that would be obtained in a MSS. The comparison is made using balls of equal volume V, a choice justified by an Iyer-Wald variational identity for the conformal Killing vector \zeta ^...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0007128275465220213, 0.018965503200888634, -0.023710694164037704, 0.006541802082210779, -0.019911490380764008, -0.0294629018753767, -0.0050617908127605915, -0.02619772218167782, 0.02271893434226513, 0.04818427935242653, -0.0035722434986382723, 0.02631978504359722, -0.03381139039993286, ...
8389c41bf5780aa27929c803d3dcdc03bad35c8e
subsection
84
197
Iyer-Wald formalism
We begin by recalling the Iyer-Wald formalism , . A general diffeomorphism invariant theory may be defined by its Lagrangian L[\phi ], a spacetime d-form locally constructed from the dynamical fields \phi , which include the metric and matter fields. A variation of this Lagrangian takes the form\delta L = E\cdot \delta...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.027097497135400772, 0.03701493516564369, -0.03326156735420227, 0.0018537983996793628, 0.0202315766364336, -0.04128706455230713, -0.002597606275230646, 0.02358824945986271, 0.013876786455512047, 0.03597741946578026, -0.02947768196463585, 0.021681049838662148, -0.01954498514533043, 0.0029...
f29c1a2b6af22f51375432de9d565cfac7c10a47
subsection
85
197
Iyer-Wald formalism
By combining equations (REF ), (REF ) and (REF ), one finds that-\int _{\partial \Sigma } \delta Q_\zeta +\delta H_\zeta = \int _\Sigma \delta C_\zeta \, .When the linearized constraints hold, \delta C_\zeta = 0, the variation of the Hamiltonian is a boundary integral of \delta Q_\zeta . This on-shell identity forms th...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.046948693692684174, 0.018651269376277924, 0.007593295071274042, 0.01347714476287365, -0.008516700938344002, -0.03797410801053047, -0.021062808111310005, 0.04508662223815918, 0.02890794165432453, 0.026877975091338158, 0.012820839881896973, 0.016224468126893044, 0.007448297459632158, 0.01...
9999fcda7b2998f3842ef370b976eb25028cd9e6
subsection
86
197
Geometric setup
Thus far, the only restriction that has been placed on the vector field \zeta ^a is that it vanishes on \partial \Sigma . As such, the quantities \delta H_\zeta and \delta Q_\zeta appearing in the identities depend rather explicitly on the fixed vector \zeta ^a, and therefore these quantities are not written in terms o...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03174418583512306, 0.012865552678704262, -0.043281976133584976, -0.00012191417772555724, 0.014017805457115173, -0.03220203518867493, -0.002270167227834463, 0.014834302477538586, 0.021412063390016556, 0.04544913023710251, -0.019870640709996223, 0.01438408438116312, 0.031026890501379967, ...
380e33522e263198e7b3f21cb5ddc48fbdac7302
subsection
87
197
Geometric setup
On the other hand, the covariant derivative of \alpha is nonzero, so\nabla _d (£_\zeta g_{ab}) \big |_\Sigma = \frac{2}{N} u_d g_{ab} \, .The fact that the covariant derivative is nonzero on \Sigma is responsible for making \delta H_\zeta nonvanishing.A conformal Killing vector with a horizon has a well-defined surfac...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.046070266515016556, 0.003441921900957823, -0.010281907394528389, -0.021555393934249878, -0.0013052606955170631, -0.020655345171689987, 0.004107423592358828, 0.030037203803658485, -0.002143335295841098, 0.01987733691930771, 0.003552521113306284, 0.01960274577140808, -0.013828707858920097, ...
d6f7beca452eead0cb836a079bfeb3fea167c076
subsection
88
197
Local geometric expressions
In this subsection we evaluate the Iyer-Wald identity (REF ) for an arbitrary higher derivative theory of gravity and for the geometric setup described above. The final on-shell result is given in (REF ), which is the first law of causal diamond mechanics for higher derivative gravity.Throughout the computation we assu...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.049114663153886795, 0.029593950137495995, 0.00465887226164341, 0.010554005391895771, -0.01076004933565855, -0.013011264614760876, 0.002113853581249714, 0.00815779622644186, 0.02031436190009117, 0.011027142405509949, -0.03075389936566353, 0.05360183119773865, -0.036691002547740936, 0.031...
747f5922b595a82fdffc55102e46b114279ade14
subsection
89
197
Wald entropy.
By virtue of equation (REF ) and the fact that \zeta ^a vanishes on \partial \Sigma , one can show that the integrated Noether charge is simply related to the Wald entropy ,-\int _{\partial \Sigma } Q_\zeta &= \int _{\partial \Sigma } \, E^{abcd} \, \epsilon _{ab} \nabla _c \zeta _d \\ &=\frac{\kappa }{2\pi }S_\text{Wa...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0019662294071167707, 0.027065690606832504, -0.03396179899573326, -0.01640113815665245, 0.005061467178165913, -0.0462283231317997, 0.04168177396059036, 0.03530440106987953, 0.05876947194337845, 0.03832526132464409, 0.011412139981985092, 0.018430301919579506, -0.012991226278245449, -0.011...
75a0bf6b1444167c50f402a3787a9f4b569b4881
subsection
90
197
Generalized volume.
The gravitational part of \delta H_\zeta is related to the symplectic current \omega [\delta g, £_\zeta g] via (REF ). The symplectic form has been computed on an arbitrary background for any higher curvature gravitational theory whose Lagrangian is a function of the Riemann tensor, but not its covariant derivatives . ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.06767528504133224, 0.021968532353639603, -0.01665947027504444, -0.026102887466549873, 0.019771678373217583, -0.024867156520485878, 0.01012230571359396, 0.03067966364324093, 0.04183174669742584, 0.017117148265242577, -0.04628647491335869, 0.06511228531599045, -0.011327523738145828, 0.009...
e709c5afd73faf7c60c01a176a478c425b4d6fd9
subsection
91
197
Generalized volume.
Since the tensors E^{abcd}, S^{ab}, and T_i^{abcda_1\ldots a_i} are all constructed from the metric and curvature, they will also have vanishing Lie derivative along \zeta ^a when evaluated on \Sigma .Replacing \delta _2 g_{ab} in equation (REF ) with £_\zeta g_{ab} and using (REF ), we obtain&\omega ^g[\delta g, £_\ze...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03974074497818947, 0.03211003541946411, -0.018206877633929253, -0.024906642735004425, 0.04898916929960251, -0.02736373245716095, 0.007737541571259499, 0.025761282071471214, 0.056894585490226746, 0.009088177233934402, -0.029149318113923073, 0.017596421763300896, -0.02289213426411152, 0.0...
73aae14b085018ab9cd4d7c36e16d85a5d6c358e
subsection
92
197
Generalized volume.
This leads us to define a generalized volume functionalW = \frac{1}{(d-2)E_0} \int _\Sigma {\eta }(E^{abcd}u_a u_d h_{bc} - E_0) \,,and the variation of this quantity is related to the variation of the gravitational Hamiltonian by\delta H_\zeta ^g = -4E_0 \kappa k\, \delta W \,,where we have expressed N in terms of \ka...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.029334532096982002, 0.03575670346617699, 0.011395161040127277, -0.011692625470459461, 0.021737758070230484, -0.03914321959018707, -0.029380295425653458, 0.00594928115606308, 0.012188398279249668, 0.002593276323750615, -0.007367955520749092, 0.0428653322160244, -0.01644442230463028, 0.01...
635d64b078e4b801e98952acc0d18fbef9c34aa0
subsection
93
197
Variation at fixed
We now show that the first two terms in (REF ) can be written in terms of the variation of the Wald entropy at fixed W, defined as\delta S_\text{Wald}\big |_{W} = \delta S_\text{Wald} - \frac{\partial S_\text{Wald}}{\partial W} \delta W \, .Here we must specify what is meant by \frac{\partial S_\text{Wald}}{\partial W}...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03588881716132164, 0.06475856155157089, -0.004608172923326492, 0.007022886071354151, -0.014778196811676025, -0.03369154408574104, 0.04312151297926903, 0.03802505508065224, 0.044342219829559326, 0.01754767820239067, 0.026352034881711006, 0.027374379336833954, -0.038696445524692535, 0.008...
a0b18867db3d28a42f5484791e7b0c35c9d7a523
subsection
94
197
Variation at fixed
This has the effect of changing the Noether current and Noether charge byJ_\zeta &\rightarrow J_\zeta + \mathrm {d}Y[£_\zeta \phi ] \, ,\\ Q_\zeta &\rightarrow Q_\zeta + Y[£_\zeta \phi ] \,.This modifies both the entropy and the generalized volume by surface terms on \partial \Sigma given byS_{\text{JKM}} &= - \frac{2...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.030195051804184914, 0.03771711513400078, -0.026441650465130806, -0.030652783811092377, -0.018416082486510277, -0.03323134034872055, 0.027097731828689575, 0.0262738149613142, 0.017058145254850388, 0.015807010233402252, 0.02557195909321308, 0.010421031154692173, -0.04272165149450302, -0.0...
1ebacc5a14a7d8ba982075f67f36e097c9089465
subsection
95
197
Entanglement Equilibrium
The original entanglement equilibrium argument for Einstein gravity stated that the total variation away from the vacuum of the entanglement of a region at fixed volume is zero. This statement is encapsulated in equation (REF ), which shows both an area variation due to the change in geometry, and a matter piece from v...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03350892290472984, 0.020218269899487495, 0.0076295360922813416, -0.024475552141666412, -0.020294565707445145, -0.00029731346876360476, 0.007652424741536379, 0.0193790215998888, 0.04409871622920036, 0.007656239438802004, -0.004955383483320475, 0.013649240136146545, -0.02467392012476921, ...
5e92b6d11ff31a1d785a62c834f17c7061eb8506
subsection
96
197
Subleading entanglement entropy divergences
As discussed in section , the subleading divergences in the entanglement entropy are given by a local integral over the entangling surface. When the entangling surface is the bifurcation surface of a stationary horizon, this local integral is simply the Wald entropy , . On nonstationary entangling surfaces, the computa...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043786194175481796, -0.011594950221478939, -0.018780767917633057, -0.00983282271772623, 0.0008796333568170667, -0.017255116254091263, 0.030619822442531586, -0.003682540962472558, 0.027415955439209938, 0.036005374044179916, -0.016690626740455627, -0.009153908118605614, -0.00054542039288207...
85cd32274ea7513159c2519443819594e4b45bd4
subsection
97
197
Subleading entanglement entropy divergences
In induced gravity scenarios, the divergences are determined by the matter content of the theory, and the matching to gravitational couplings has been borne out in explicit examples , , .
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.014914817176759243, -0.005523441359400749, 0.0009550632676109672, 0.0010108507703989744, -0.03622278943657875, -0.062009021639823914, 0.019133688881993294, 0.028517436236143112, -0.010139023885130882, -0.010459444485604763, -0.029692310839891434, -0.009612618945538998, -0.0095439571887254...
fafda70fe119498a9e892e0a1d572366bcada3e3
subsection
98
197
Equilibrium condition as gravitational constraints
We can now relate the variational identity (REF ) to entanglement entropy. The reduced density matrix for the ball in vacuum takes the form\rho _\Sigma = e^{- H_\text{mod}}/Z \,,where H_\text{mod} is the modular Hamiltonian and Z is the partition function, ensuring that \rho _\Sigma is normalized. Since the matter is c...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.001647161552682519, 0.0015565534122288227, -0.002573272679001093, -0.0003109291719738394, -0.02499641664326191, -0.016755839809775352, 0.011971727013587952, 0.00972845871001482, 0.03827290236949921, 0.022997312247753143, -0.000677177042234689, 0.003347734222188592, 0.0016767284832894802, ...
7c0760e8b6067a536611233729e74fd819b7a868
subsection
99
197
Field equations from the equilibrium condition
The entanglement equilibrium hypothesis provides a clear connection between the linearized gravitational constraints and the maximality of entanglement entropy at fixed W^{\prime } in the vacuum for conformally invariant matter. In this section, we will consider whether information about the fully nonlinear field equat...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03176821395754814, 0.0196224432438612, -0.024673009291291237, -0.008727867156267166, 0.007621625438332558, -0.00280565838329494, 0.03192080184817314, 0.028762290254235268, 0.03521663695573807, 0.007224903907626867, -0.03056279383599758, 0.014236188493669033, -0.01509066578000784, 0.0136...
18bfef9495f0103841a68f15fbe6407c20a9ab78
subsection
100
197
Field equations from the equilibrium condition
Analyzing how these states can be incorporated into the entanglement equilibrium story deserves further attention.u^a \zeta ^b(G_{ab}(0) - 8\pi G \delta T_{ab}) = 0\,.The procedure outlined above applies at all points and all frames, allowing us to obtain the full tensorial Einstein equation.Since we have only been dea...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.039733871817588806, 0.011947627179324627, -0.031005848199129105, -0.018112177029252052, -0.0011520381085574627, 0.017883295193314552, 0.007751462049782276, 0.013481135480105877, 0.025863638147711754, 0.010604854673147202, -0.043609604239463806, 0.011558528989553452, -0.0059661841951310635...
610c41edab5bbd4e6310ea3b5a3ec0bde073c5ec
subsection
101
197
Field equations from the equilibrium condition
We conclude that the linearized equations cannot reproduce the full nonlinear field equations for higher curvature gravity, and it is only the linearity of the Einstein equation in the curvature that allows the nonlinear equations to be obtained for general relativity.When linearizing around flat space, the higher curv...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0672089010477066, 0.035405233502388, -0.003061713417991996, -0.026080837473273277, 0.003334501525387168, -0.004872034769505262, 0.0009104066994041204, 0.04450071603059769, 0.02069374918937683, -0.015718702226877213, -0.04514167457818985, 0.014436788856983185, -0.015024333260953426, 0.02...
78ddfa7e4e4369edb888160e0be8159fe660dcbf
subsection
102
197
Comparison to other “geometry from entanglement” approaches
Several proposals have been put forward to understand gravitational dynamics in terms of thermodynamics and entanglement. Here we will compare the entanglement equilibrium program considered in this chapter to two other approaches: the equation of state for local causal horizons, and gravitational dynamics from hologra...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.013461959548294544, -0.01105939969420433, 0.043779969215393066, -0.02600865811109543, -0.023384910076856613, -0.042437586933374405, -0.005068256054073572, -0.03801382705569267, 0.024559495970606804, 0.01346958614885807, -0.02585611492395401, -0.013393314555287361, -0.01113567128777504, ...
f35660756b6c5eb91d95498fb6654d107df9ea2a
subsection
103
197
Causal horizon equation of state
By assigning an entropy proportional to the area of local causal horizons, Jacobson showed that the Einstein equation arises as an equation of state . This approach employs a physical process first law for the local causal horizon, defining a heat \delta Q as the flux of local boost energy across the horizon. By assign...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.029675835743546486, -0.001531471498310566, -0.0019987323321402073, 0.006617940496653318, -0.0186141487210989, -0.020795971155166626, 0.027326181530952454, -0.0012930730590596795, 0.04699309915304184, 0.03262053430080414, -0.0065759820863604546, 0.019392281770706177, -0.0004369843227323144...
c47fd39f85fea08f378b7acf696f4712eb6f29a1
subsection
104
197
Holographic entanglement entropy
A different approach comes from holography and the Ryu-Takayanagi formula . By demanding that areas of minimal surfaces in the bulk match the entanglement entropies of spherical regions in the boundary CFT, one can show that the linearized gravitational equations must hold , , . The argument employs an equilibrium stat...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043345656245946884, 0.016132520511746407, -0.004677972756326199, -0.006364485248923302, -0.024603238329291344, -0.013858399353921413, -0.03266186639666557, -0.017124585807323456, 0.014896253123879433, 0.010126705281436443, -0.03766798600554466, 0.009058326482772827, 0.0162088330835104, ...
8757350b209b97488654524a7b2cdc205953e80a
subsection
105
197
Thermodynamic interpretation of the first law of causal diamond mechanics
Apart from the entanglement equilibrium interpretation, the first law of causal diamond mechanics could also directly be interpreted as a thermodynamic relation. Note that the identity (REF ) for Einstein gravity bears a striking resemblance to the fundamental relation in thermodynamicsdU = T dS - p dV,where U(S,V) is ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.01357655692845583, 0.007356829941272736, -0.005216175690293312, -0.0006191108259372413, -0.026237325742840767, -0.03956204280257225, -0.0004946208791807294, 0.0037757174577564, 0.011477876454591751, 0.02823679707944393, -0.008493933826684952, 0.010058404877781868, -0.010905508883297443, ...
2e1f744d58cbafdaf3b0282fb11453ab94e52a23
subsection
106
197
Generalized volume and holographic complexity
The emergence of a generalized notion of volume in this analysis is interesting in its own right. We showed that when perturbing around a maximally symmetric background, the variation of the generalized volume is proportional to the variation of the gravitational part of the Hamiltonian. The fact that the Hamiltonian c...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03665993735194206, 0.020985601469874382, 0.0013154156040400267, -0.023503873497247696, 0.005452440585941076, 0.003218427998945117, -0.034920040518045425, -0.011164339259266853, 0.035255808383226395, 0.042062774300575256, -0.01663585752248764, 0.021245058625936508, 0.0090734101831913, 0....
2d8097bd2b94f159196d3f30e420e05e39ee1158
subsection
107
197
Higher order perturbations
In this chapter we restricted attention only to first order perturbations of the entanglement entropy and the geometry. Working to higher order in perturbation theory could yield several interesting results. One such possibility would be proving that the vacuum entanglement entropy is maximal, as opposed to merely extr...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0235114898532629, -0.022840168327093124, 0.0060457028448581696, 0.0012768447631970048, -0.03759397193789482, -0.014624116010963917, 0.001691652461886406, -0.007842249237000942, 0.011786259710788727, -0.0005378196365199983, -0.030117899179458618, -0.020337972790002823, -0.00633559143170714...
bcc3fca60519addd2c4e3a45125c4b69700f4d77
subsection
108
197
Nonminimal couplings and gauge fields
We restricted attention to minimally coupled matter throughout this chapter. Allowing for nonminimal coupling can lead to new, state-dependent divergences in the entanglement entropy . As before, these divergences will be localized on the entangling surface, taking the form of a Wald entropy. It therefore seems plausib...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043153684586286545, 0.02180573344230652, -0.0012350606266409159, -0.0039445641450583935, -0.04110892117023468, -0.0073779369704425335, 0.027283871546387672, 0.024109909310936928, -0.023789459839463234, 0.028107881546020508, -0.031022433191537857, -0.026734530925750732, -0.0218362528830766...
994d573ffd1a0cd5e38361290e3e5813c11a8005
subsection
109
197
Nonspherical subregions
The entanglement equilibrium condition was shown to hold for spherical subregions and conformally invariant matter. One question that arises is whether an analogous equilibrium statement holds for linear perturbations to the vacuum in an arbitrarily shaped region. Nonspherical regions present a challenge because there ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.018795670941472054, -0.010053853504359722, -0.02134346030652523, 0.010328465141355991, -0.022686008363962173, -0.022869084030389786, -0.01817016489803791, 0.0007184729329310358, 0.008688420988619328, 0.03058873489499092, 0.019970400258898735, -0.011495566926896572, 0.0045005870051681995, ...
15954dc48a1898682dea28bdb18d99c45c05fe8a
subsection
110
197
Physical process
As emphasized above, the first law of causal diamond mechanics is an equilibrium state construction since it compares the entropy of \partial \Sigma on two infinitesimally related geometries . One could ask whether there exists a physical process version of this story, which deals with entropy changes and energy fluxes...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.07869208604097366, 0.01576589047908783, -0.003689645556733012, 0.0025220843963325024, -0.04740450531244278, -0.03992600739002228, -0.0030333693139255047, 0.03348534554243088, 0.017215801402926445, 0.03485894575715065, 0.022130241617560387, -0.014628852717578411, -0.04694663733243942, -0...
0ff072d6aaaf2339c144f7e203562dfb20fe8b49
subsection
111
197
Conformal Killing vector in flat space
Here we make explicit the geometric quantities introduced in section REF in the case of a Minkowski background, whose metric we write in spherical coordinates, i.e., ds^2 = - dt^2 + dr^2 + r^2 d \Omega _{d-2}^2. Let \Sigma be a spatial ball of radius \ell in the time slice t=0 and with center at r=0. The conformal Kill...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.030986418947577477, 0.01739267259836197, -0.03878260776400566, -0.03139835223555565, 0.009749050252139568, -0.059836894273757935, 0.008223377168178558, -0.006785430945456028, 0.008414086885750294, 0.044091951102018356, -0.010893305763602257, 0.034022510051727295, -0.018353845924139023, ...
ddf3d543e401518318461572faf4620db5acc8e8
subsection
112
197
Conformal Killing vector in flat space
More explicitly, if £_{\zeta }g_{ab}=2\alpha g_{ab}, then £_{\zeta }\bar{g}_{ab}=0 as long as g_{ab} and \bar{g}_{ab} are related through \bar{g}_{ab}=\Phi \, g_{ab}, where \Phi satisfies£_{\zeta } \Phi +2\alpha \Phi =0\, .For the vector (REF ), this equation has the general solution\Phi (r,t)=\frac{\psi (s)}{r^2}\, \q...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03467702493071556, -0.0065629929304122925, -0.010203165002167225, -0.022039446979761124, 0.0012744417181238532, -0.028175082057714462, -0.0001074356259778142, -0.008318211883306503, 0.022955212742090225, 0.024634119123220444, -0.020192651078104973, 0.02884664386510849, 0.01459884364157915...
a79b833ec70d2ad273ae05800bba1e873d55f81f
subsection
113
197
Generalized volume in higher order gravity
The generalized volume W is defined in (REF ). We restate the expression hereW= \frac{1}{(d-2)E_0} \int _\Sigma \eta \left( E^{abcd} u_a u_d h_{bc} - E_0 \right) \, ,where E_0 is a theory-dependent constant defined by the tensor E^{abcd} in a maximally symmetric solution to the field equations through E^{abcd}\overset{...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03934180736541748, 0.016878215596079826, -0.005425140727311373, -0.03708324208855629, 0.023699700832366943, -0.024249082431197166, -0.004734599031507969, -0.019991377368569374, 0.01927412860095501, 0.03012441098690033, -0.03509936481714249, 0.037632621824741364, 0.010308530181646347, 0....
df5d02a5bc1a756672678818fdae83739a8f137c
subsection
114
197
Quadratic gravity.
A general quadratic theory of gravity is given by the LagrangianL_\text{quad} = & \, \epsilon \bigg [ \frac{1}{16 \pi G} \big ( R -2 \Lambda \big ) + \alpha _1 R^2 + \alpha _2 R_{ab} R^{ab} \\ & + \alpha _3 R_{abcd}R^{abcd} \bigg ] \, .Taking the derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to the Riemann tensor leaves us...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.030279092490673065, 0.04847096651792526, -0.014750374481081963, -0.03751310706138611, 0.013537073507905006, -0.045601777732372284, 0.014353571459650993, -0.0071996781043708324, 0.0014670250238850713, -0.013636274263262749, -0.048715151846408844, 0.04383142665028572, -0.013933876529335976,...
b3bd7ce73bcac8e822391bd942bf5bacc73111d5
subsection
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Linearized equations of motion for higher curvature gravity using RNC
The variational identity (REF ) states that the vanishing of the linearized constraint equations \delta C_\zeta is equivalent to a relation between the variation of the Wald entropy, generalized volume, and matter energy density. In , Jacobson used this relation to extract the Einstein equations, making use of Riemann ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04976819455623627, 0.00927622988820076, -0.026119912043213844, -0.009993307292461395, -0.014951818622648716, 0.002149323932826519, 0.03362633287906647, 0.03417558595538139, 0.045282650738954544, 0.0012567918747663498, -0.03658618405461311, 0.016919966787099838, -0.01637071557343006, 0.0...
91f2af1e1ea9b24570a81b8cd64b2f042e8fc227
subsection
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Linearized equations of motion for higher curvature gravity using RNC
Taking the stress tensor T^{ab} to be constant for small enough balls, the variation of (REF ) reduces to\delta H^{m}_{\zeta } = \frac{\Omega _{d-2}\ell ^{d}}{d^2-1} \kappa u_a u_b \delta T^{ab} + \mathcal {O}\left(\ell ^{d+2}\right)\, ,where \Omega _{d-2} denotes the area of the (d-2)-sphere, \ell is the radius of our...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.08183322846889496, 0.03255632147192955, -0.023021316155791283, 0.0015065307961776853, 0.0359126441180706, 0.020015882328152657, -0.005392998922616243, 0.044578056782484055, 0.06187836825847626, 0.020534588024020195, -0.02259414829313755, 0.05421985313296318, -0.02881859987974167, -0.010...
ba14c7ca08a4d4ba06e828296b412a4269e82b63
subsection
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Linearized equations of motion for higher curvature gravity using RNC
To evaluate the spherical integral, it is useful to note that spherical integrals over odd powers of n^i vanish and furthermore\int d\Omega \, n^i n^j &= \frac{\Omega _{d-2}}{d-1}\delta ^{ij} \, , \\ \int d\Omega \, n^i n^j n^k n^l &= \frac{\Omega _{d-2}}{d^2-1}\left(\delta ^{ij}\delta ^{kl}+\delta ^{ik}\delta ^{jl}+\d...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.08585599809885025, 0.05528467148542404, -0.013844050467014313, -0.015049207024276257, -0.015369565226137638, 0.0058617922477424145, 0.03975492715835571, 0.013294865377247334, 0.03340878337621689, 0.02866443060338497, -0.02123517170548439, -0.0031635372433811426, -0.029030553996562958, 0...
56728295d3e4a568ad0be67de175ef5e4bb8d235
subsection
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Local phase space and edge modes for diffeomorphism-invariant theories
This chapter is based on my paper “Local phase space and edge modes for diffeomorphism-invariant theories," published in the Journal of High Energy Physics in 2018 .
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ 0.002495343564078212, 0.03568264842033386, -0.0037239377852529287, -0.02000853419303894, 0.004498486407101154, -0.03647627681493759, 0.03385120630264282, 0.03092089295387268, 0.011698354035615921, -0.007012907415628433, -0.011324433609843254, 0.01750556007027626, 0.008340705186128616, 0.01...
08bbe69c600585e35a007aa1654c5afdf943c9c2
subsection
119
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Covariant canonical formalism
The covariant canonical formalism , , , provides a Hamiltonian description of a field theory's degrees of freedom while maintaining spacetime covariance. This is achieved by working with the space \mathcal {S} of solutions to the field equations. As long as the field equations admit a well-posed initial value formulat...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.013604916632175446, 0.03262738138437271, -0.03998304158449173, 0.004524798598140478, 0.004387452267110348, -0.04968884959816933, 0.015016531571745872, 0.044317081570625305, 0.020205169916152954, 0.0541144534945488, -0.01812971569597721, 0.015962695702910423, 0.0183738861232996, 0.042333...
d6a4df0df027c6ea4cb00d2fa73b76da811ef2d9
subsection
120
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Covariant canonical formalism
Despite being infinite-dimensional, many concepts from finite-dimensional differential geometry, such as vector fields, one-forms, and Lie derivatives, extend straightforwardly to \mathcal {S}, assuming it satisfies some technical requirements such as being a Banach manifold , . One begins by understanding the function...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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9f5efc2941a9c5c368ced57ab8744bec841c0b50
subsection
121
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Covariant canonical formalism
I_V can be completely characterized by its action on one-forms I_V \delta \phi ^x=\Phi _V^x, along with the antiderivation property, linearity, nilpotency I_\Phi ^2 =0, and requiring that it annihilate scalars. Just as in finite dimensions, the action of the \mathcal {S} Lie derivative, denoted L_V, is related to \delt...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04744160547852516, 0.02587169222533703, -0.03395659476518631, -0.0050988285802304745, 0.011318865232169628, 0.008130667731165886, -0.005369596648961306, 0.06681486964225769, 0.038166847079992294, 0.014064681716263294, -0.043475426733493805, 0.013035000301897526, -0.0055984146893024445, ...
b1485a4d57649ba2561b7caf05b70e5c4071008f
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Then Y^*_\lambda \alpha _\lambda and Y^*_0\alpha _\lambda are related to each other at all values of \lambda by a diffeomorphism, Y_\lambda ^* (Y_0^{-1})^*. The first order change in these quantities at \lambda =0 is given by L_V, and since the two quantities differ at first order by an infinitesimal diffeomorphism, we...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.07063540816307068, 0.031120484694838524, -0.012370354495942593, -0.039499662816524506, -0.01523972675204277, -0.005635722540318966, -0.023687588050961494, 0.03388301655650139, 0.05082452669739723, 0.014072136022150517, -0.03934703767299652, 0.03330303728580475, -0.006429378874599934, 0....
f8b0341f74561ea419038556ba1766801a9ccf2a
subsection
123
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Covariant canonical formalism
Using that Y^* and (Y^{-1})^* are inverses of each other, we find \begin{equation}\delta \alpha = \delta Y^* (Y^{-1})^*\alpha = Y^*[\delta (Y^{-1})^*\alpha + £_{{{_Y}} (Y^{-1})^* \alpha ] = \delta \alpha +£_{\delta _{Y^{-1}}}\alpha + £_{Y^*{{_Y}} \alpha , }where the last equality involves the identity \ref {id:liexiYi}...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05743541195988655, 0.0071412790566682816, -0.02705446071922779, -0.020218364894390106, 0.020676137879490852, -0.014816627837717533, 0.015289661474525928, 0.05624520033597946, 0.061952121555805206, 0.04492291808128357, -0.01660194806754589, 0.014992107637226582, -0.019409630447626114, 0....
d29d08bc4f72f5387cf3fd397ddfaeda8ca6fb77
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
First, a diffeomorphism moves points on the mainfold around, and hence changes the shape and coordinate location of the surface. Second, since solutions related to each other by a diffeomorphism represent the same physical configuration, the true phase space \mathcal {P} is obtained by projecting all solutions in a gau...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.010920069180428982, 0.013316227123141289, -0.02670876495540142, -0.002752910600975156, -0.0024724684190005064, -0.04795368015766144, 0.02100072056055069, 0.0035083871334791183, 0.017871979624032974, 0.03375987708568573, -0.008241561241447926, 0.016544172540307045, -0.018070386722683907, ...
2620ef1e8218650f322f976be021cb6ee202a5fd
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
\end{equation}The fields X can be defined through a \text{Diff($M$)}-valued function {X}:\mathcal {S}\rightarrow \text{Diff}(M). In a given solution s, X is identified with the diffeomorphism in the image of the map, X={X}(s). One way to interpret X is as defining a map from (an open subset of) \mathbb {R}^d into the s...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03170720860362053, -0.005298521835356951, -0.046111252158880234, -0.004806434269994497, -0.017257388681173325, -0.028472401201725006, 0.023101402446627617, 0.025985263288021088, 0.050322603434324265, 0.02059900388121605, -0.03140203654766083, -0.00662982789799571, 0.0038260743021965027, ...
6514219b3116cc58c56cf26d747668d44ce74e21
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
\end{equation}In particular, the \mathcal {S} Lie derivative L_{\hat{\xi }} must annihilate X^* \phi for any \xi , so from (\ref {eqn:LphX*a}), \begin{equation} 0=L_{\hat{\xi }} X^*\phi = X^*(L_{\hat{\xi }} \phi +£_{I_{\hat{\xi }}{_X}\phi ) = X^*(£_\xi \phi + £_{I_{\hat{\xi }} {_X} \phi ), }and hence \begin{equation} I...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.058834291994571686, 0.05828500911593437, -0.04424778372049332, -0.028242291882634163, -0.023893803358078003, -0.021528834477066994, 0.019148608669638634, 0.04916081205010414, 0.055263955146074295, 0.012931033037602901, -0.03725968301296234, -0.009002135135233402, -0.013594749383628368, ...
227381c5fc1d495f130ac0064aae2a87aa86bfbb
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Finally, we note that when no confusion will arise, we will simply denote {_X^a by {^a to avoid excessive clutter. When referring to other diffeomorphisms besides X, we will explicitly include the subscript, as in {_Y^a. }}\section {Extended phase space} We now turn to the problem of defining a gauge-invariant symplec...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.025288043543696404, 0.036718789488077164, -0.032964497804641724, -0.01491033099591732, 0.005173594690859318, -0.050606608390808105, 0.04141928255558014, 0.020587550476193428, 0.03433801978826523, 0.025745883584022522, -0.010194576345384121, 0.021518491208553314, 0.015413954854011536, 0....
702f31433b58aafbaba36d307b5e8bd6d8c6cd55
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
If the boundary were at asymptotic infinity, such diffeomorphisms could be disallowed by imposing boundary conditions on the fields, or could otherwise be regarded as true time evolution with respect to the fixed asymptotic structure, in which case degeneracy would not be expected \cite {Ashtekar1991}. For a local subr...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04852129518985748, 0.02268904633820057, -0.042173855006694794, -0.01485392451286316, -0.020217206329107285, -0.048673879355192184, 0.018920253962278366, 0.01312974002212286, 0.05471615120768547, -0.0008411120506934822, -0.04485930874943733, 0.0056074135936796665, -0.0035113091580569744, ...
e3c033b2f93a0d6a61b8ef31084476bbd9c0686a
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
An equivalent expression for \theta ^{\prime } can be obtained by introducing the Noether current for a vector field \xi ^a, \begin{equation}J_\xi = I_{\hat{\xi }} \theta -i_\xi L, \end{equation}where i_\xi denotes contraction with the spacetime vector \xi ^a. Due to diffeomorphism invariance, J_\xi is an exact form wh...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.022609539330005646, 0.023677466437220573, -0.0384453684091568, 0.03104616142809391, 0.0007222809363156557, -0.037041809409856796, 0.014989117160439491, 0.04103890806436539, 0.038262296468019485, 0.02790340594947338, -0.021480588242411613, 0.009031610563397408, -0.011503098532557487, 0.0...
d20bdb6555c31d6d2fade61febb91271e244440e
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
This gives \begin{align} \Theta &= \int _\sigma \theta [X^*\phi ;\delta X^*\phi ] \\ &= \int _\Sigma (\theta +i_{{{}}L) + \int _{\partial \Sigma } Q_{{{}}. } The second line uses the alternative expression (\ref {eqn:th^{\prime }2}) for \theta ^{\prime }, and is written as an integral of fields defined on the original ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.029937420040369034, 0.03515587002038956, -0.016921812668442726, 0.002044655615463853, 0.003540000645443797, -0.07147139310836792, 0.02000405453145504, 0.0223081074655056, 0.05737242475152016, 0.032745007425546646, -0.003288233419880271, 0.02651948854327202, 0.011077760718762875, -0.0001...
fede682a06e0c7825b4cb685f19811d6cf1dbc4b
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The remaining three terms in the bulk \Sigma integral simplify to an exact form on-shell d(i_{{}\theta +\frac{1}{2} i_{{}i_{{}L) (see identity \ref {id:liedxth}), so the final expression is \begin{equation} \Omega = \int _\Sigma \omega + \int _{\partial \Sigma } \left[\delta Q_{{{}}+£_{{}Q_{{}+ i_{{}\theta +\frac{1}{2}...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.03439781069755554, 0.058235153555870056, -0.020861493423581123, -0.05094049870967865, 0.009133580140769482, -0.0777689591050148, 0.04321854189038277, 0.017168382182717323, 0.057105857878923416, 0.012056020088493824, -0.018007725477218628, 0.006172987632453442, 0.005898293107748032, -0.0...
20d5c336de9d9bc519018f22d74e986d2226252d
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
To see how these derivatives appear, we decompose \delta Q_{{} as \begin{equation} \delta Q_{{}= Q_{\delta ({{})} + \text{}_{{}, }where \text{}_\xi =\text{}_\xi [\phi ;\delta \phi ]\footnote {\text{} is the archaic Greek letter ``qoppa.^{\prime \prime } \footnotesize } is a variational one-form depending on a vector \...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.045827507972717285, 0.03221960738301277, -0.034843552857637405, -0.024286748841404915, -0.021815359592437744, -0.006441633217036724, 0.044149402529001236, 0.05016006901860237, 0.0673682689666748, 0.006468330044299364, 0.005587325431406498, 0.012471367605030537, 0.0001027362304739654, -0...
49697dd946dcd9149ca561d0e4107e5608ab4254
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
One way to see its multivaluedness is to note that i_{{}L is a top rank form on \Sigma , so, by the Poincaré lemma applied to \Sigma , it can be expressed as the exterior derivative of a (d-2)-form, \begin{equation} i_{{}L\big |_\Sigma = d h_X i_{{}L. }Here, h_X is the homotopy operator that inverts the exterior deriva...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.05121269449591637, 0.02426346391439438, -0.014954838901758194, 0.01953285001218319, 0.02127249538898468, -0.02928401529788971, 0.01600778102874756, 0.03464028984308243, 0.00530667882412672, 0.014069756492972374, -0.02420242317020893, 0.012101211585104465, 0.009964806027710438, 0.0093009...
73e622cfef3a0a08f0235397f8e9c563841b674b
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Normally it is required that the ambiguous terms be locally constructed from the dynamical fields in a spacetime-covariant manner. In the extended phase space, however, there is additional freedom provided by the X fields as well as the surfaces \Sigma and \partial \Sigma to construct forms that would otherwise fail to...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.021433008834719658, 0.0036687818355858326, -0.032736822962760925, 0.02292797900736332, 0.010762268677353859, -0.04985272139310837, 0.027367129921913147, 0.03111981227993965, 0.021753359586000443, -0.0000020856184619333362, -0.025414513424038887, -0.0014711357653141022, 0.01334033161401748...
438a5c86a4a2ea22eb0e6e42ed505620705bf562
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Since \Theta changes by an \mathcal {S}-exact form, the symplectic form \Omega =\delta \Theta receives no change from this type of ambiguity, which can also be checked by tracking the changes of all quantities in (\ref {eqn:OmS}). Given that only \Omega , and not \Theta , is needed in the construction of the phase spa...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.051935575902462006, 0.015234333463013172, -0.030285580083727837, 0.0005101632559671998, -0.0074073802679777145, -0.07817799597978592, 0.00017510043107904494, 0.03411514312028885, 0.05056242644786835, -0.0009802763815969229, -0.017530545592308044, 0.006572047248482704, 0.007739224471151829...
219d2bb9da933f1a6f3a8bff5ea97cdd57f364b6
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
This affects which parts of {{}^a correspond to degenerate directions, and will lead to different numbers of boundary degrees of freedom in the reduced phase space. As discussed in section \ref {sec:ssa}, this ambiguity can also be used to reduce the surface symmetry algebra to a subalgebra. }Give that \beta contribute...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04737512022256851, 0.005895180627703667, -0.029991015791893005, -0.02529013343155384, -0.00833338126540184, -0.0368134006857872, 0.02335178293287754, 0.02190183661878109, 0.04887085780501366, 0.030952559784054756, -0.010203050449490547, 0.0003479396691545844, 0.0009176640305668116, -0.0...
e93aae423e38a7e047eb85a1b7695440bb09ea15
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Analogous to vector fields defined on M, w^a defines a vector \hat{w} on \mathcal {S}, whose action on the pulled back fields X^*\phi is given by the Lie derivative, \begin{equation}L_{\hat{w}} X^*\phi = £_w X^*\phi = X^*£_{(X^{-1})^*w}\phi , \end{equation}while its action on \phi is trivial, L_{\hat{w}}\phi = 0. On th...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.048483721911907196, 0.01885647512972355, -0.012082790024578571, -0.026255659759044647, -0.006495262496173382, -0.030222231522202492, 0.02184666134417057, 0.03926906734704971, 0.03749936819076538, 0.028803419321775436, -0.008428966626524925, -0.003648102516308427, 0.029489941895008087, 0...
83f7d4d44c3e79e1b3bd2116a45c5768f40ff110
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
This occurs if W^a is tangent to \partial \Sigma or vanishing at \partial \Sigma , and hence defines a mapping of the surface into itself. If W^a is tangential, it generates a diffeomorphism \partial \Sigma , while vector fields that vanish on \partial \Sigma generate transformations of the normal bundle to the surfac...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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690e81ee8d8d3e1cd17a2ad2c66dfd004c77cf75
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The transformations they induce on \mathcal {S} are pure gauge, and they drop out after passing to the reduced phase space. \end{equation}To identify the surface symmetry algebra, it is useful to first describe the larger algebra of surface-preserving diffeomorphisms, which contains the surface symmetries as a subalgeb...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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489eb89406d84ce82e87e8949b01a09c3fb36473
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This establishes that the group of surface-preserving diffeomorphisms is \text{Diff}(\partial \Sigma ) \ltimes {\text{Dir}_{\partial \Sigma } } . }The surface symmetry algebra is represented as a subalgebra of \text{Diff}(\partial \Sigma ) \ltimes {\text{Dir}_{\partial \Sigma } } . The Hamiltonian for a surface-preserv...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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cdc66afb1d7aae33c10e19996ecf34d659ae95ea
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The fact that only the traceless part of \nabla _aW^b contributes to the Noether charge, which follows from the antisymmetry of E^{abcd} from equation (\ref {eqn:Qxi}) in c and d, translates to the requirement that W{_i^j} be traceless when W^a vanishes on \partial \Sigma . This means that the 2\times 2 matrices W{_i^j...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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27baddd3872f5f9d784859d34c703a21d3068f11
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A particular class of theories in which this occurs are f(R) theories (which include general relativity), where the Lagrangian is a function of the Ricci scalar, and E^{abcd} = \frac{1}{2}f^{\prime }(R)(g^{ac}g^{bd}-g^{ad}g^{bc}). In more general theories, however, n_{ab}E{^a^b^c_d} will have a tangential component on ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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d31901396f2ecf4e0053553ef54ba6abe24f5412
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Determining how to fix the ambiguity remains an important open problem for the extended phase space program. \end{align}}\subsection {Surface translations} While the surface-preserving transformations are present for generic surfaces, in situations where the fields satisfy certain boundary conditions at \partial \Sigm...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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3a8422c84c2aa7171a0275dea30008f8093790bc
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Covariant canonical formalism
\end{equation}With this, the Poisson bracket is given by \begin{align} \lbrace H_{\hat{w}}, H_{\hat{v}} \rbrace &= -I_{\hat{w}} \delta \int _{\partial \Sigma } \left(Q_V-i_V B\right) \\ &= \int _{\partial \Sigma } \left(-I_{\hat{w}}\delta Q_V - £_W Q_V+I_{\hat{w}} i_{\delta V} B + £_W i_V B \right) \\ &=\int _{\partial...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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7e2247c31c5b79ae53670d3d1bb4f0bbc7c4e896
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The symmetry generators are simply given by the integrated Noether charge, which is modified to modified to Q_W\rightarrow Q_W-i_W B by the ambiguity. Hence, the generators H_{\hat{w}} are the same as in (\ref {eqn:Hhw}), and their Poisson brackets still involve the central charges K[\hat{w}, \hat{v}]. Finally, note th...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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c59a4a7a779a2fc786f810037f141e85bb9c1ae5
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
In practice, equation (\ref {eqn:iwthds}) may only be obeyed for some specifically chosen normal vectors \cite {Brown1986a}. The resulting algebra will then be a subalgebra of the generic case considered in this section. }}}}\section {Discussion} }Building on the results of \cite {Donnelly2016F}, this chapter has desc...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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c027e6973d26c80f8962c8028aacf9ad59d2ca5c
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The additional abelian factor \mathbb {R}^{2\cdot (d-2)} arises generically; however, it is not present in f(R) theories, in which the tensor E^{abcd} is constructed solely from the metric and scalars. We also noted that for any theory, there exists a choice (\ref {eqn:bmod}) of ambiguity terms that can be added to \th...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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0f7658afd84c1a667061100672936c97b7adf2d7
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
In fact, the generators (\ref {eqn:Hhw}) are invariant with respect to additional changes to the Lagrangian L\rightarrow L+d\alpha , since such a change shifts the Noether charge Q_W\rightarrow Q_W + i_W\alpha , but also induces the change B\rightarrow B+\alpha . An ambiguity that does affect the phase space is the shi...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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e0ae5ed9a158148762c767ca01f0d91e1323aea8
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Covariant canonical formalism
The dimension of the representation has some expression in terms of the Casimirs of the group, and hence this term will take the form of an expectation value of local operators at the entangling surface. It is conjectured that this term provides a statistical interpretation for the Wald-like contributions in the genera...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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52e270cd8bcd812d1139c8ace21749f9b8ddd4fd
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Another obstruction to smoothness comes from issues related to ergodicity and chaos in totally constrained systems \cite {Dittrich2015}. It would be interesting to understand if these issues are problematic for the phase space construction given here, and whether the X fields ameliorate any of these problems. }}Another...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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6c837c6fb687c0328d7deb9e1a343af3d7a8efb6
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
I_U\alpha is a contraction of the vector U with the one-form \alpha , so the Lie derivative first acts on U to give the vector field commutator L_V U = [V,U], and then acts on \alpha , with the contraction I_U now being applied to L_V\alpha . Hence, on an arbitrary form, L_V I_U \alpha = I_{[V,U]}\alpha + I_U L_V\alpha...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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cb693159d7307c6418beeb851708708da4af455c
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Covariant canonical formalism
On the other hand, \begin{align} L_VI_U Y^*\alpha = I_{[V,U]} Y^*\alpha + I_U L_V Y^*\alpha = I_{[V,U]} Y^*\alpha + I_U Y^*\left(L_V\alpha + I_{\bar{{}(Y;V)}\alpha . } Since \right.U was arbitrary, equating these expressions shows that \bar{{}^a(Y;V)=I_V\chi _Y^a, showing that the formula holds for forms of degree n. }...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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dbb265de93f2f5afb7d128433ce7d6c3b0168974
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Covariant canonical formalism
\end{align} }\item \frac{1}{2}[{{_Y},{{_Y}]^a = {_Y^b\nabla _b{_Y^a \begin{} This is a consequence of the formula for the commutator of two vectors, [\xi ,\zeta ] = \xi ^b\nabla _b \zeta ^a - \zeta ^b\nabla _b \xi ^a, along with the fact that since {^a is an \mathcal {S} one-form, it anticommutes with itself. Alternat...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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5d40c2b9086292286b9ba69da6fa0dccfc44e3e6
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
\end{} }\item £_{{}i_{{}= \frac{1}{2}(i_{[{{},{{}]} + d i_{{}i_{{}- i_{{}i_{{}d) \begin{} The identity for ordinary spacetime vectors \xi ^a and \zeta ^b \cite {Edelen2005} \begin{equation}£_\xi i_\zeta = i_{[\xi ,\zeta ]} + i_\zeta £_\xi \end{equation}along with the fact that {{}^a are anticommuting gives \begin{alig...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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5d977e85ad08bb1951590b47e90a36312039ecf2
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Then \begin{align} L_{[V,\hat{\xi }]}\phi = L_VL_{\hat{\xi }} \phi - L_{\hat{\xi }} L_V \phi = L_V £_\xi \phi - £_\xi I_V\delta \phi =£_{(I_V\delta \xi )\,\hat{}}\,\phi = L_{(I_V\delta \xi )\,\hat{}} \,\phi , \end{align} hence, [V,\hat{\xi }] = (I_V\delta \xi ^a)\,\hat{}. \end{} }\item L_{\hat{\xi }} = £_\xi +I_{\delta...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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ffd769c31a84abe3726746c73a17768871b4333d
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The left hand side is the graded commutator of the derivation I_{\hat{{}} and the antiderivation \delta , which defines the the antiderivation L_{\hat{{}} \cite {Kolar1993}. } }\item [V,{\hat{{}}] = (\delta I_V {{}^a)\,\hat{} - [I_V{{},{{}]\,\hat{} \begin{} This follows from the defining relation of the bracket \cite ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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c5a04ac55c124e12a387df7cd20d675a3b1a57f4
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Similarly, we have \begin{equation} I_V I_{\delta {{}\;\hat{}} + I_{\delta {{}\;\hat{}} I_V = I_{(I_V\delta {{})\,\hat{}} = I_{[\nu ,{{}]\,\hat{}}, }where equation (\ref {eqn:ddx}) was used in the last equality. }We then prove the identity through induction on the degree of the form on which it acts. It is true for sca...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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e63257de49247a067ab3380164b399bf3826c2b6
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The Lie derivative term may be expressed \begin{align} £_{{{}}Q_{{{}} &= L_{{\hat{{}}} Q_{{{}} + I_{{\delta ({{})} \,\hat{}}\,Q_{{{}} \\ &= I_{\hat{{}}\delta Q_{{}-\delta I_{\hat{{}}Q_{{}-Q_{\delta ({{})} \\ &= I_{\hat{{}}\text{}_{{}+I_{\hat{{}}Q_{\delta ({{})} +\delta Q_{{}- Q_{\delta ({{})} \\ &= \text{}_{{}+ I_{{\ha...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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90a226f1f0e97a51f32e5668f408a28665f7dbbd
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
The relevant term in \text{}[\phi ;£_{{}\phi ]_{{} comes from the variation of the Christoffel symbol in (\ref {eqn:qoxi}), which gives \begin{align} &\,-\epsilon _{ab}E^{abcd}\left(\nabla _c \nabla _{(d}{{}_{e)}+\nabla _e\nabla _{(d}{{}_{c)} -\nabla _d\nabla _{(c} {{}_{e)} {{}^e }}}}\right.\\ =&\,-\frac{1}{2}\epsilon ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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ccf6cce03ab67b8fc220dc38e839cb3352179154
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
This shows that (\ref {eqn:dQlieQ2}) does not depend on second derivatives of {{}^d. }} }\clearpage {} }}} \small \normalsize }}}\right.\newpage =0mu plus 1mu\bibliographystyle {JHEPthesis} \begin{}{100} \end{}\bibitem {Einstein1916} A.~Einstein, \href {http://einsteinpapers.press.princeton.edu/vol6-trans/213}{\emph {{...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
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903702966e5b93d228b6d5f2d2a456d3c22b1f7e
subsection
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Rev.} {\bf 162} (Oct. 1967) 1195--1239}. }\bibitem {DeWitt1967d} B.~S. DeWitt, \emph {{Quantum Theory of Gravity. III. Applications of the Covariant Theory}}, \href {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.162.1239}{\emph {Phys. Rev.} {\bf 162} (Oct. 1967) 1239--1256}. }\bibitem {Dyson1949} F.~J. Dyson, \emph {{The S Matrix ...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.030217131599783897, 0.03601637855172157, -0.014643100090324879, -0.0013429836835712194, -0.022464454174041748, -0.018038712441921234, 0.029637206345796585, -0.0018284798134118319, 0.0035425007808953524, 0.020083710551261902, 0.003700835630297661, 0.04227346181869507, -0.008088423870503902...
19053860e6cae3559e091e6c9ff58a23ab81e570
subsection
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Covariant canonical formalism
Burgess, \emph {{Quantum Gravity in Everyday Life: General Relativity as an Effective Field Theory}}, \href {http://dx.doi.org/10.12942/lrr-2004-5}{\emph {Living Rev. Relativ.} {\bf 7} (Dec. 2004) 5}. [\href {https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0311082}{{arXiv:gr-qc/0311082}}]. }\bibitem {Donoghue2012a} J.~F. Donoghue, \href {...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.043043170124292374, 0.01868256740272045, -0.009249702095985413, -0.03187026083469391, -0.026604341343045235, -0.0645952820777893, 0.04688958078622818, -0.020514192059636116, 0.02616170048713684, 0.022605296224355698, -0.007822562009096146, 0.03443453460931778, -0.048019081354141235, -0....
d8d859ee41cfd184310331d8bd9f0ac54663bcdc
subsection
163
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D} {\bf 73} (May 2006) 104029}. [\href {https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0409156}{{arXiv:hep-th/0409156}}]. }\bibitem {tHooft:1993dmi} G.~^{\prime }t~Hooft, {\emph {{Dimensional reduction in quantum gravity}}, } in \emph {{Conference on Highlights of Particle and Condensed Matter Physics (SALAMFEST) Trieste, Italy, March 8...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.04991560056805611, 0.020960891619324684, -0.019237034022808075, 0.001155594945885241, -0.0048702796921133995, 0.012555177323520184, 0.021693149581551552, -0.0194963738322258, 0.03000733070075512, 0.02503407746553421, -0.02883266657590866, 0.04131156578660011, 0.017940325662493706, 0.010...
9701da38ecef402d5029c31a9bc7a0934a81d2bb
subsection
164
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Covariant canonical formalism
Phys. Acta} {\bf 29} (1956) Suppl. 4, 79--97}. }\bibitem {DeWitt1979} B.~DeWitt, \href {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3596-2_6}{\emph {{Quantum Gravity}}, } in \emph {On the Path of Albert Einstein}, pp.~127--143. Springer US, Boston, MA, 1979. }\bibitem {Arnowitt1960a} R.~Arnowitt, S.~Deser and C.~W. Misner, \e...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.029286053031682968, 0.04080818593502045, -0.018343843519687653, -0.020388832315802574, -0.01936633698642254, -0.005356646608561277, 0.03644350916147232, -0.029057137668132782, 0.025379210710525513, 0.01871011033654213, 0.02060248702764511, 0.019381599500775337, -0.046729493886232376, -0...
114867a1bf337b4b25fabd2f99a8dc22fbcfea86
subsection
165
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Covariant canonical formalism
Isham, A.~Salam and J.~Strathdee, \emph {{Infinity Suppression in Gravity-Modified Quantum Electrodynamics}}, \href {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.3.1805}{\emph {Phys. Rev. D} {\bf 3} (Apr. 1971) 1805--1817}. }\bibitem {Isham1972} C.~J. Isham, A.~Salam and J.~Strathdee, \emph {{Infinity Suppression in Gravity-Modi...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.046627264469861984, 0.009406317956745625, -0.012488355860114098, -0.0345127172768116, -0.01571534015238285, 0.00500831101089716, 0.035641781985759735, -0.023084767162799835, 0.00579407811164856, 0.029889661818742752, -0.029782859608530998, 0.02134539932012558, -0.006003870628774166, -0....
2e487b6d5e4734b1d9b6c08695a6be8200b7813c
subsection
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4, 58--71}. \end{equation}\bibitem {Pauli1956} W.~Pauli, \emph {{Schlusswort durch den Prasidenten der Konferenz}}, \href {https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=hpa-001:1956:29::936#861}{\emph {Helv. Phys. Acta} {\bf 29} (1956) Suppl. 4, 261--267}. }\bibitem {Deser1957} S.~Deser, \emph {{General Relativity and the...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.00680168392136693, 0.026443786919116974, -0.005535189528018236, -0.02517729252576828, -0.0421757809817791, -0.0017194946995005012, 0.03811689466238022, -0.03537028282880783, 0.026611635461449623, 0.019638288766145706, -0.0054360064677894115, 0.017837731167674065, -0.002506284974515438, ...
362c24eb3e5b36d870286effd392edbe731d64b5
subsection
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Sci.} {\bf 229} (Feb. 1971) 177--179}. }\bibitem {Christodoulou1970} D.~Christodoulou, \emph {{Reversible and Irreversible Transformations in Black-Hole Physics}}, \href {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.25.1596}{\emph {Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 25} (Nov. 1970) 1596--1597}. }\bibitem {Christodoulou1971} D.~Christodou...
{ "cite_spans": [] }
1808.03973
Investigations on entanglement entropy in gravity
[ "Antony J. Speranza" ]
[ "hep-th", "gr-qc" ]
2,018
en
Physics
[ -0.0028188973665237427, 0.036435868591070175, 0.004028086084872484, -0.00469943368807435, 0.006496051326394081, 0.007327607367187738, 0.02459573745727539, -0.023542942479252815, 0.01349561382085085, 0.025221310555934906, -0.005733156576752663, 0.007819674909114838, 0.007251317612826824, -0...