texts stringlengths 40 104k | questions stringlengths 3 63 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|
Cunliffe-Owen is a surname, and may refer to:
Sir Philip Cunliffe-Owen (1828–1894), English exhibition organizer and museum director
Sir Hugo Cunliffe-Owen (1870–1947), English tobacco industrialist
Frederick Cunliffe-Owen (1855-1926), British-born American journalist
Cunliffe-Owen baronets, a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom created in 1920 for Hugo Cunliffe-Owen
See also
Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft, a British aircraft manufacturer of the World War II era founded by Hugo Cunliffe-Owen | native label | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Cunliffe-Owen"
]
} |
Sagona was a village located on Sagona Island in Fortune Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence on the south coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It had a population of 223 in 1940 and 120 in 1956, and has been resettled in the late 1960s to towns on the south coast of Newfoundland.
See also
List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador
== References == | yard number | {
"answer_start": [
165
],
"text": [
"4"
]
} |
Sagona was a village located on Sagona Island in Fortune Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence on the south coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It had a population of 223 in 1940 and 120 in 1956, and has been resettled in the late 1960s to towns on the south coast of Newfoundland.
See also
List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador
== References == | different from | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sagona"
]
} |
Sagona was a village located on Sagona Island in Fortune Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence on the south coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It had a population of 223 in 1940 and 120 in 1956, and has been resettled in the late 1960s to towns on the south coast of Newfoundland.
See also
List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador
== References == | native label | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sagona"
]
} |
Schizomus hanseni is a species of short-tailed whipscorpions of the genus Schizomus that belong to the family Hubbardiidae of Arachnids.
== References == | taxon rank | {
"answer_start": [
23
],
"text": [
"species"
]
} |
Schizomus hanseni is a species of short-tailed whipscorpions of the genus Schizomus that belong to the family Hubbardiidae of Arachnids.
== References == | parent taxon | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Schizomus"
]
} |
Schizomus hanseni is a species of short-tailed whipscorpions of the genus Schizomus that belong to the family Hubbardiidae of Arachnids.
== References == | taxon name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Schizomus hanseni"
]
} |
Charlie Birmingham (24 August 1922 – 1 January 1993) was an English footballer, who played as an inside forward in the Football League for Tranmere Rovers.
References
External links
"Charlie Birmingham". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Charlie Birmingham at Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Player's Database | position played on team / speciality | {
"answer_start": [
97
],
"text": [
"inside forward"
]
} |
Charlie Birmingham (24 August 1922 – 1 January 1993) was an English footballer, who played as an inside forward in the Football League for Tranmere Rovers.
References
External links
"Charlie Birmingham". Barry Hugman's Footballers. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Charlie Birmingham at Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Player's Database | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Charlie"
]
} |
The 1933 Copa de Competencia Final was the final that decided the winner of the 2nd (and last) edition of Copa de Competencia, an Argentine domestic cup organised by the dissident body Liga Argentina de Football, the first professional league of Argentina.The final was held in the Chacarita Juniors' stadium (located in Villa Crespo) on November 26, 1933. With an attendance of 30,000, Racing Club defeated San Lorenzo 4–0 winning their first Copa de Competencia championship.
Qualified teams
Overview
This first edition was contested by all of the 18 teams that took part in the Primera División league season in a single elimination format. Racing Club beat River Plate 1–0 at San Lorenzo Stadium), Estudiantes de La Plata 3–1 (at Independiente), Boca Juniors (4–1) and Vélez Sarsfield 1–0 (in the semifinal, at Chacarita Juniors).San Lorenzo beat Gimnasia y Esgrima LP 3–2 (at Independiente), lost to Vélez Sársfield 1–4 (at Boca Juniors in the losers group), then defeated Ferro Carril Oeste 1–0 (at Argentinos Jrs.) and beat Talleres de Remedios de Escalada 3–1 (in the semifinal, at Independiente).
Match details
== References == | instance of | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"final"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | country of citizenship | {
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"Russia"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | family name | {
"answer_start": [
19
],
"text": [
"Kogan"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Mikhail"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | languages spoken, written or signed | {
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"Russian"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | place of death | {
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"Moscow"
]
} |
Mikhail Borisovich Kogan (Russian: Михаил Борисович Коган; September 5, 1893 in Zhitomir, Russian Empire – November 26, 1951 in Moscow, USSR) was a Soviet medical doctor, and head of the therapy department of 2nd Moscow Medical Institute. His patients included Samuel Marshak, Martiros Saryan, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Vyacheslav Molotov.
He was one of the doctors named in Joseph Stalin's fabricated Doctors' Plot in 1953, despite Kogan having already died by the time when the first article about the plot was published. His brother, Boris Borisovich Kogan, also a doctor, was arrested and jailed as part of the Doctors' Plot campaign.
Notes
References
Documents' on Doctor's plot (in Russian)
Act of the Supreme Council on Falsification of Doctor's Plot (in Russian) | writing language | {
"answer_start": [
26
],
"text": [
"Russian"
]
} |
Panic in the House of Ardon (German: Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon) is a 1920 German silent crime film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Stella Harf, Max Kronert and Paul Mederow. The film was finished by August 1920, but did not have its premiere until July 1921. It also had several alternative titles including Die Welteroberer (The World Conquerors). A crime syndicate attempts to discover the scientific secrets of the chemical company Ardon. The film was made in the Expressionist style that had been used for Wiene's earlier hit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. It features the popular detective Stuart Webbs, closely modeled on Sherlock Holmes.
Cast
In alphabetical order
Stella Harf
Max Kronert
Paul Mederow
Georg H. Schnell
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur
Kurt von Wangenheim
References
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
Panic in the House of Ardon at IMDb | director | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"Robert Wiene"
]
} |
Panic in the House of Ardon (German: Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon) is a 1920 German silent crime film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Stella Harf, Max Kronert and Paul Mederow. The film was finished by August 1920, but did not have its premiere until July 1921. It also had several alternative titles including Die Welteroberer (The World Conquerors). A crime syndicate attempts to discover the scientific secrets of the chemical company Ardon. The film was made in the Expressionist style that had been used for Wiene's earlier hit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. It features the popular detective Stuart Webbs, closely modeled on Sherlock Holmes.
Cast
In alphabetical order
Stella Harf
Max Kronert
Paul Mederow
Georg H. Schnell
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur
Kurt von Wangenheim
References
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
Panic in the House of Ardon at IMDb | screenwriter | {
"answer_start": [
114
],
"text": [
"Robert Wiene"
]
} |
Panic in the House of Ardon (German: Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon) is a 1920 German silent crime film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Stella Harf, Max Kronert and Paul Mederow. The film was finished by August 1920, but did not have its premiere until July 1921. It also had several alternative titles including Die Welteroberer (The World Conquerors). A crime syndicate attempts to discover the scientific secrets of the chemical company Ardon. The film was made in the Expressionist style that had been used for Wiene's earlier hit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. It features the popular detective Stuart Webbs, closely modeled on Sherlock Holmes.
Cast
In alphabetical order
Stella Harf
Max Kronert
Paul Mederow
Georg H. Schnell
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur
Kurt von Wangenheim
References
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
Panic in the House of Ardon at IMDb | genre | {
"answer_start": [
91
],
"text": [
"crime film"
]
} |
Panic in the House of Ardon (German: Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon) is a 1920 German silent crime film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Stella Harf, Max Kronert and Paul Mederow. The film was finished by August 1920, but did not have its premiere until July 1921. It also had several alternative titles including Die Welteroberer (The World Conquerors). A crime syndicate attempts to discover the scientific secrets of the chemical company Ardon. The film was made in the Expressionist style that had been used for Wiene's earlier hit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. It features the popular detective Stuart Webbs, closely modeled on Sherlock Holmes.
Cast
In alphabetical order
Stella Harf
Max Kronert
Paul Mederow
Georg H. Schnell
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur
Kurt von Wangenheim
References
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
Panic in the House of Ardon at IMDb | cast member | {
"answer_start": [
169
],
"text": [
"Paul Mederow"
]
} |
Panic in the House of Ardon (German: Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon) is a 1920 German silent crime film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Stella Harf, Max Kronert and Paul Mederow. The film was finished by August 1920, but did not have its premiere until July 1921. It also had several alternative titles including Die Welteroberer (The World Conquerors). A crime syndicate attempts to discover the scientific secrets of the chemical company Ardon. The film was made in the Expressionist style that had been used for Wiene's earlier hit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. It features the popular detective Stuart Webbs, closely modeled on Sherlock Holmes.
Cast
In alphabetical order
Stella Harf
Max Kronert
Paul Mederow
Georg H. Schnell
Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur
Kurt von Wangenheim
References
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
Panic in the House of Ardon at IMDb | title | {
"answer_start": [
37
],
"text": [
"Der Schrecken im Hause Ardon"
]
} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | occupation | {
"answer_start": [
66
],
"text": [
"golfer"
]
} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | Commons category | {
"answer_start": [
2015
],
"text": [
"Simon Khan"
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} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | sport | {
"answer_start": [
66
],
"text": [
"golf"
]
} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | family name | {
"answer_start": [
14
],
"text": [
"Khan"
]
} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Simon"
]
} |
Simon Patrick Khan (born 16 June 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the European Tour.
Khan turned professional in 1991 but spent many years struggling to establish his tournament career. His first full season on the European Tour was 2002 and his first European Tour win came at the 2004 Celtic Manor Wales Open. In 2006 he finished second at the prestigious BMW Championship to earn €472,220, which was his biggest prize cheque up to that time.
His best year-end ranking on the European Order of Merit has been 25th in 2006 and 2010. He has featured in the top 100 of the Official World Golf Rankings. After losing his tour card in 2009, Khan was a medalist at the Qualifying School tournament. In 2010 he won the BMW PGA Championship, earning €750,000 and securing his Tour card for five years in the process.Khan produced another fine run at the BMW PGA Championship in 2013, when he recorded the second runner-up finish of his career, to add to his 2010 victory, at Wentworth. After finishing at 10 under par, Khan entered a three-man playoff alongside Matteo Manassero and Marc Warren. In the playoff, Warren was eliminated at the first extra hole and after matching pars and birdies, Khan was defeated on the fourth extra hole by Manassero. After a good drive, Khan knocked his second shot into the water and could only make a bogey six and Manassero after two fine shots onto the green, two-putted for the victory.
Professional wins (5)
European Tour wins (2)
European Tour playoff record (1–1)
Other wins (3)
1996 Essex Open
1999 East Region Championship
2000 Essex Open
Playoff record
Challenge Tour playoff record (0–1)
Results in major championships
Note: Khan never played in the Masters Tournament.
CUT = missed the half-way cut
"T" = tied
Results in World Golf Championships
"T" = Tied
Team appearances
Professional
Seve Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2013
See also
2009 European Tour Qualifying School graduates
References
External links
Official website
Simon Khan at the European Tour official site
Simon Khan at the Official World Golf Ranking official site | languages spoken, written or signed | {
"answer_start": [
45
],
"text": [
"English"
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} |
OpenAtom is a massively parallel quantum chemistry application written in Charm++ for simulations on supercomputers. Its developmental version was called LeanCP. Many important problems in material science, chemistry, solid-state physics, and biophysics require a modeling approach based on fundamental quantum mechanical principles. A particular approach that has proved to be relatively efficient and useful is Car-Parrinello ab initio molecular dynamics (CPAIMD). It is widely used to study systems consisting of hundreds to thousands of atoms. CPAIMD computations involve many interdependent phases with high communication overhead including multiple concurrent sparse 3D Fast Fourier Transforms (3D-FFTs), non-square matrix multiplies and few concurrent dense 3D-FFTs.
Parallelization of this approach beyond a few hundred processors is challenging, due to the complex dependencies among various subcomputations, which lead to complex communication optimization and load balancing problems. Using Charm++ and its concept of processor virtualization, the phases are discretized into multiple virtual processors which are, in turn, mapped flexibly onto physical processors, thereby allowing significant interleaving of work. Interleaving is enhanced through both architecturally independent methods and network topology aware mapping techniques. OpenAtom has shown good scaling up to 262,144 cores of IBM Blue Gene/Q and 131,072 cores of Blue Waters, a Cray XE6/XK7 system at NCSA.
OpenAtom is freely available for download at the OpenAtom webpage. Published papers can also be found at the website.
See also
Charm++
NAMD
List of quantum chemistry and solid state physics software
External links
OpenAtom
LeanCP
Charm++
Piny MD | instance of | {
"answer_start": [
1676
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"text": [
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]
} |
Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.
Major results
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Sébastien Turgot at ProCyclingStats
Sébastien Turgot at Cycling Archives | Commons category | {
"answer_start": [
0
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"text": [
"Sébastien Turgot"
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} |
Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.
Major results
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Sébastien Turgot at ProCyclingStats
Sébastien Turgot at Cycling Archives | family name | {
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Turgot"
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Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.
Major results
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Sébastien Turgot at ProCyclingStats
Sébastien Turgot at Cycling Archives | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Sébastien"
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} |
Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.
Major results
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Sébastien Turgot at ProCyclingStats
Sébastien Turgot at Cycling Archives | languages spoken, written or signed | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"French"
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} |
Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.
Major results
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
Sébastien Turgot at ProCyclingStats
Sébastien Turgot at Cycling Archives | name in native language | {
"answer_start": [
0
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"text": [
"Sébastien Turgot"
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The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | instance of | {
"answer_start": [
294
],
"text": [
"house"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | owned by | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Frederick Ayer"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | located in the administrative territorial entity | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"Massachusetts"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | named after | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Frederick Ayer"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | designed by | {
"answer_start": [
266
],
"text": [
"Louis Comfort Tiffany"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | Commons category | {
"answer_start": [
4
],
"text": [
"Frederick Ayer Mansion"
]
} |
The Frederick Ayer Mansion is a National Historic Landmark on 395 Commonwealth Avenue in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.
The mansion was the home of Frederick Ayer, owner of the American Woolen Company, and features well preserved design work by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Historical significance
The Ayer Mansion was built in 1900, designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany in a partnership with Alfred J. Manning. It is one of three surviving examples of Tiffany designed interiors. The other two sites are the Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain House) in Hartford, Connecticut (1881), and the Ferry House in Seattle, Washington (1903–1906). What makes the Ayer Mansion so unusual is that Tiffany also designed exterior mosaics for the property. The only other building known to have included this feature by Tiffany was his private residence, Laurelton Hall, which was destroyed in a fire in the 1950s. Individual components from Laurelton Hall survive in museums, but the Ayer Mansion is now the only place that has intact in situ interior and exterior components designed by Tiffany.The mansion was sold by the family after Frederick's death in 1918 and converted to office space. The Trimount Foundation and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, affiliates of the Roman Catholic Opus Dei organization, purchased the Ayer mansion and adjacent buildings in 1964. They are currently operated as private residential facilities for area college students, although tours are occasionally given of the public spaces where Tiffany-designed elements have been preserved.
Preservation
Since its purchase by the Trimount and Bayridge Residence and Cultural Center, several renovations have been done to the buildings. The first renovation occurred in 1971–72 when the two buildings were joined. In 1999, Jean Carroon Architects conducted an assessment of the building's preservation needs as well as a detailed proposal on how to achieve it. The first of the projects outlined was the restoration of a 24-foot lay light which had been concealed for fifty years. Also renovated was the front living room in 2000. The drop ceiling installed when the building was converted into offices was removed to reveal the original floral-patterned ceiling, and the parquet floor was also restored. The mosaic on the interior hall was restored in 2002.
Currently, efforts are being made to restore the exterior of the building. The project will include repairing 4 out of the 7 mosaics on the exterior balcony which have been damaged or lost due to water infiltration; recreation of the two missing stained-glass screens on the first floor; restoration of the remaining window on the first floor; and recreation of the missing stained-glass screen along the top floor.
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Boston
National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Boston, Massachusetts
References
External links
National Register Listing information
Registration Form | heritage designation | {
"answer_start": [
32
],
"text": [
"National Historic Landmark"
]
} |
Elias Conwell House is a historic home located at Napoleon, Ripley County, Indiana. It was built about 1822, and is a two-story, "L"-shaped, Federal style brick dwelling. The main block has a hipped roof and rear ell a gable roof. It sits on a full stone basement. The main entrance is flanked by sidelights and fluted pilasters and is topped by a fanlight. It was built for Elias Conwell, who operated a popular store at Napoleon.: 2–3 It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
== References == | located in the administrative territorial entity | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"Indiana"
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} |
Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | place of birth | {
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"San Diego"
]
} |
Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | member of sports team | {
"answer_start": [
143
],
"text": [
"Los Angeles Rams"
]
} |
Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | educated at | {
"answer_start": [
191
],
"text": [
"San Diego State University"
]
} |
Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | position played on team / speciality | {
"answer_start": [
64
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"text": [
"defensive end"
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Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | sport | {
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46
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"American football"
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Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | family name | {
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8
],
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"Reed"
]
} |
Douglas Reed (born July 16, 1960) is a former American football defensive end who played seven seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams. He played college football at San Diego State University.
High School career
Reed prepped at Lincoln High in Southeast San Diego.
College career
Reed played two seasons at San Diego State University after transferring from San Diego City College where he was a junior college All-America selection in 1980. As a senior at San Diego State, Reed logged 9 sacks and recorded a total of 91 tackles in his two seasons there.
NFL career
Reed missed his rookie season of 1983 with a knee injury. In 1984, he played 9 games with 1 start at left defensive end. Reed suffered a sprained Achilles' tendon that kept him out of 7 games. In his first start against the 49ers Reed sacked Joe Montana for his first career sack. Prior to that start in week 16, Reed was a backup defensive end and played defensive tackle in pass-rushing situations.
In 1985 Reed took over for Jack Youngblood (who had retired) at left defensive end. Prior to the 1985 season Head coach John Robinson said, "Doug Reed has advanced from suspect to prospect to player." Reed responded with 45 tackles a 7.5 sacks and was considered solid against the run.
In 1986 Reed held out but returned to the team prior to the start of the season. Reed signed a 2-year deal on September 6, 1986, worth a reported $500,000. He backed up Shawn Miller for the first six games and started the final ten, recording 44 tackles and 6.5 sacks in 1986.
In 1987 Reed started all 12 non-strike games and totaled 40 tackles and 2 sacks. During the 1987 players' strike, Reed pelted "scab" players' vehicles with eggs as a way to show his support for the union. On August 17, 1988, Reed signed a two-year contract, ending a 27-day holdout. Reed started all 16 games and had 32 tackles and a sack. He played defensive tackle when the Rams went to their special "Eagle" defense which featured 5 linebackers, rather than the normal 4. Reed forced a key fumble by Neal Anderson to help the Rams in an early December 23-3 victory over the Chicago Bears.
In 1989 Reed played and started 11 games, with 30 tackles and 3 sacks. A severe ankle injury sidelined him for the final 5 games. In 1990, his final season, Reed held out once again (his third holdout in five seasons) and on September 6, 1990, signed a 1-year $400,000 contract after rejecting a $550,000 offer earlier in the summer. Reed started all 16 games and logged 27 tackles and 2 sacks.
In 1991 Reed signed a 1-year $200,000 contract in August, 1991, but after not being assured of a roster spot asked for his release so he could be free to sign with another team. On August 20, 1991, the Rams granted Reed his unconditional release.
== References == | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
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"Doug"
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Slovenia is competing at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Spain between 19 July to 4 August 2013.
Swimming
Slovenian swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard):
MenWomen
References
External links
BCN 2013 website
Plavalna Zveza Slovenije (in Slovene) | country | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Slovenia"
]
} |
Slovenia is competing at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in Barcelona, Spain between 19 July to 4 August 2013.
Swimming
Slovenian swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard):
MenWomen
References
External links
BCN 2013 website
Plavalna Zveza Slovenije (in Slovene) | participant in | {
"answer_start": [
29
],
"text": [
"2013 World Aquatics Championships"
]
} |
John Glélé (born 19 February 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a left-back. Born in France, he represented the Benin national team internationally, making two appearances in 2009.
Club career
Glélé began his career with EA Guingamp B and was in 2005 transferred to Amiens SC B. He left the club in 2007, playing the first half of the 2007–08 season for Cowdenbeath F.C. and the second half for ASM Belfort. On 30 January 2008, he signed a contract with Cypriot First Division team APEP Pitsilia.
International career
On 11 February 2009, Glélé made his debut for the Benin national team in a friendly against Algeria.
References
External links
John Glélé at National-Football-Teams.com | place of birth | {
"answer_start": [
421
],
"text": [
"Belfort"
]
} |
John Glélé (born 19 February 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a left-back. Born in France, he represented the Benin national team internationally, making two appearances in 2009.
Club career
Glélé began his career with EA Guingamp B and was in 2005 transferred to Amiens SC B. He left the club in 2007, playing the first half of the 2007–08 season for Cowdenbeath F.C. and the second half for ASM Belfort. On 30 January 2008, he signed a contract with Cypriot First Division team APEP Pitsilia.
International career
On 11 February 2009, Glélé made his debut for the Benin national team in a friendly against Algeria.
References
External links
John Glélé at National-Football-Teams.com | country of citizenship | {
"answer_start": [
133
],
"text": [
"Benin"
]
} |
John Glélé (born 19 February 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a left-back. Born in France, he represented the Benin national team internationally, making two appearances in 2009.
Club career
Glélé began his career with EA Guingamp B and was in 2005 transferred to Amiens SC B. He left the club in 2007, playing the first half of the 2007–08 season for Cowdenbeath F.C. and the second half for ASM Belfort. On 30 January 2008, he signed a contract with Cypriot First Division team APEP Pitsilia.
International career
On 11 February 2009, Glélé made his debut for the Benin national team in a friendly against Algeria.
References
External links
John Glélé at National-Football-Teams.com | member of sports team | {
"answer_start": [
376
],
"text": [
"Cowdenbeath F.C."
]
} |
John Glélé (born 19 February 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a left-back. Born in France, he represented the Benin national team internationally, making two appearances in 2009.
Club career
Glélé began his career with EA Guingamp B and was in 2005 transferred to Amiens SC B. He left the club in 2007, playing the first half of the 2007–08 season for Cowdenbeath F.C. and the second half for ASM Belfort. On 30 January 2008, he signed a contract with Cypriot First Division team APEP Pitsilia.
International career
On 11 February 2009, Glélé made his debut for the Benin national team in a friendly against Algeria.
References
External links
John Glélé at National-Football-Teams.com | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"John"
]
} |
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | instance of | {
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The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | founded by | {
"answer_start": [
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The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | publisher | {
"answer_start": [
79
],
"text": [
"Edward Cave"
]
} |
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | headquarters location | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"London"
]
} |
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | place of publication | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"London"
]
} |
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | Commons category | {
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The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | language of work or name | {
"answer_start": [
2342
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} |
The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine (from the French magazine, meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.
History
The original complete title was The Gentleman's Magazine: or, Trader's monthly intelligencer. Cave's innovation was to create a monthly digest of news and commentary on any topic the educated public might be interested in, from commodity prices to Latin poetry. It carried original content from a stable of regular contributors, as well as extensive quotations and extracts from other periodicals and books. Cave, who edited The Gentleman's Magazine under the pen name "Sylvanus Urban", was the first to use the term magazine (meaning "storehouse") for a periodical. Contributions to the magazine frequently took the form of letters, addressed to "Mr. Urban". The iconic illustration of St. John's Gate on the front of each issue (occasionally updated over the years) depicted Cave's home, in effect, the magazine's "office".
Before the founding of The Gentleman's Magazine, there were specialised journals, but no such wide-ranging publications (although there had been attempts, such as The Gentleman's Journal, which was edited by Peter Motteux and ran from 1692 to 1694).
Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine. During a time when parliamentary reporting was banned, Johnson regularly contributed parliamentary reports as "Debates of the Senate of Magna Lilliputia". Though they reflected the positions of the participants, the words of the debates were mostly Johnson's own. The name "Columbia", a poetic name for America coined by Johnson, first appears in a 1738 weekly publication of the debates of the British Parliament in the magazine.The magazine's long-running motto, E pluribus unum, Latin for "Out of many, one", is thought to have inspired the use of the phrase as an unofficial motto of the United States. Motteux's The Gentleman's Journal had previously used the phrase.A skilled businessman, Edward Cave developed an extensive distribution system for The Gentleman's Magazine. It was read throughout the English-speaking world and continued to flourish through the 18th century and much of the 19th century under a series of different editors and publishers. It went into decline towards the end of the 19th century and finally ceased general publication in September 1907. However, issues consisting of four pages each were printed in very small editions between late 1907 and 1922 in order to keep the title formally "in print".
Series
1731–1735 The Gentleman's Magazine or Monthly Intelligencer
1736–1833 The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle
1834–1856 (June) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
1856 (July)–1868 (May) New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review
1868 (June)–1922 Entirely New Series: The Gentleman's Magazine
Indexes
In addition to an index for each year of The Gentleman's Magazine, which was usually published with the December issue of the magazine, a full index was compiled by the College of Arms and typed by the Genealogical Society of Utah. This 75-volume index, covering the years 1731–1850, gives the full name and an abbreviated reference to the date, event, and any other person(s) in each entry. The index is available at the Family History Library (FHL) under the call number 942 B2g Index, and is also available on microfilm (#599738–#599761) or microfiche (#6026701). In addition to the index, the FHL also has the magazine itself available in various formats.An abstract of the "chief contents of The Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868" was published by George L. Gomme in 1891. He describes it as "excerpts from the original publications containing local history and information, topographical details, and family history are presented here, organized into volumes by county". Gomme's work has been digitised and indexed by Ancestry.com and is available online to Ancestry subscribers or at subscribing libraries.A four-volume set of indexes was compiled by Samuel Ayscough (Assistant Librarian of the British Museum) with some assistance or later editing by John Nichols and by Gabriel Richard. The contents of these indexes are given as:
Volume 1 – 1731 – 1786 (published by Samuel Ayscough)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (494 pp.)
Index to poetry (62 pp.)
Index to names (239 pp.)
Index to plates (10 pp.)
Index to books (118 pp.)
Volume 2 – 1787 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)Index to the essays, dissertations and historical passages (486 pp.)
Index to poetry (57 pp.)
Index to names (519 pp.)
Index to plates (17 pp.)
Index to books (103 pp.)
Index to books announced (13 pp.)
Index to musical publications (3 pp.)
Volume 3 – 1731 – 1818 (published by John Nichols)
Index to plates (239 pp.)
Volume 4 – 1731 – 1780 (published by the British Record Society)
Index to names and surnames (687 pp.)Volume 2 includes an "Index of Names to the Marriages, Births, Deaths, Promotions, &c." covering 1731–1786, and volume 4 contains an "Index of Names of Persons" covering 1731–1818. The indexes are by surname only and are available online for free through Google Books:
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine" Nichols, 1789. Vol. 2. Free digital version at Google Books (follow link to page 64, which is followed by the index, which is numbered as page 1). Indexes names from Vol. 1 "To the End of the LVIth Volume of the Gentleman’s Magazine" and covers 1731–1786.
Ayscough, Samuel; Nichols, John. (sometimes Richard, Gabriel) "General Index to the Gentleman's Magazine 1787–1818" Nichols, 1821. Vol. 3. Free digital version at Google BooksDavid Dobson gleaned references to American births, marriages, and deaths from The Gentleman's Magazine and published it as American Vital Records from the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1987).
A few partial indexes to genealogical events in The Gentleman's Magazine are also available:
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Marriages in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1768" (London:[s.n.], 1922)
Fry, Edward Alexander. "Index to the Biographical and Obituary Notices in Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1780" (London: British Records Society, 1891)
Marriages from The Gentleman's Magazine for the years 1731 to 1768 were included in Boyd's Marriage Index.
Obituaries were included in Musgrave's Obituaries.
Joseph Foster's index to marriages includes marriages from this periodical, as well as from The Times (1865–1880 only) and the Historical Register; but covers surname beginning Aa–Alexander only.
Bodleian Library's Internet Library of Early Journals offers an online subject search tool for the years 1731–1750.
Authors of works published
Mark Akenside (1721–1770), physician and poet
Henry Aldrich (1647–1710), English theologian and philosopher
Richard Allestree or Allestry (1619–1681), Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665
Anthony Alsop (d. 1726), Church of England clergyman and poetical writer
George Ashby (1724–1808), English learned antiquary and sometime president of St. John's College, Cambridge
Francis Atterbury (1663–1732), English man of letters, politician, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster Abbey
Samuel Badcock (1747–1788), English nonconformist minister, theological writer and literary critic
Henry Baker (1698–1774)
John Bancks (1709–1751), miscellaneous writer
Mary Barber (c. 1685–c. 1755), poet, mother of nine children, and a member of Swift's circle
Samuel Bowden (fl. 1733–1761), English physician and poet (alive in 1761 but deceased by 1778)
John Bowle (1725–1788), Church of England clergyman known as a writer on Spanish literature
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet
Peregrine Branwhite (1745–1795?), English poet
Anna Eliza Bray (1790–1883), British novelist
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829), English topographer and novelist
James Shudi Broadwood (1772–1851), piano maker in Middlesex and a magistrate in Surrey
Rev. Moses Browne (1704–1787), Church of England priest and poet
Edward John Carlos (1798–1851), English antiquarian and writer on architecture
Thomas Christie (1761–1796), radical political writer
Charles Clarke (antiquary) (died 1840), antiquarian
Rev. John Darwall (1731–1789), Church of England clergyman and hymnodist
William Hepworth Dixon (1821–1879), English traveler, historian, author
Rev. John Duncombe (1729–1786)
Rev. William Dunkin, D.D. (1709?–1765), Irish poet and Anglican clergyman
William Falconer (1732–1769), Scottish poet
Thomas Faulkner (1777–1855), topographer of Chelsea, Fulham, Kensington etc.
James Frederic Ferguson (1807–1855), Irish antiquary born in Charleston, South Carolina
Thomas Fisher (1772–1826)
Rev. George Glasse (1761–1809), chaplain and a Fellow of the Royal Society
Sir Andrew Halliday (1782–1839), Scottish physician, reformer, and writer
Sir John Hawkins (1719–1789), English author and friend of Samuel Johnson and Horace Walpole
Rev. William Hawkins (1722–1801), English clergyman, poet, and dramatist
Susanna Highmore (1690–1750), minor British poet
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Andrew Kippis (1725–1795), English nonconformist clergyman and biographer
Rev. John Langhorne (1735–1779), Church of England clergyman, poet and co-translator of Plutarch's Lives
William Lauder (c. 1680–1771), Scottish literary forger; article on John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism of earlier works
Sir Sidney Lee (1859–1926)
John Lockman (1698–1771), English author
Michael Lort (1725–1790), Welsh clergyman, academic, and antiquary
William Markham (1719–1807), English divine and archbishop of York
Arthur Murphy (1727–1805), Irish writer
Laetitia Pilkington (c.1709 to 1750), Dublin-born author and friend of Jonathan Swift
Robert Riccaltoun (1691–1769), Scottish Presbyterian divine and friend of poet James Thomson (1700–1748)
William Roscoe (1753–1831), English historian and miscellaneous writer; poetry by him first appeared in the magazine in 1807
Richard Savage (c. 1697–1743), English poet
George Stephens (1813–1895), English archeologist and philologist who worked in Scandinavia
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745), Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719–1792)
James Thomson (1700–1748), Scottish poet and playwright best known for his masterpiece The Seasons and the lyrics of "Rule, Britannia!"
Nigel Tourneur (18??–18??), pseudonym of a fin de siècle writer known for one work only—Hidden Witchery, a collection of seven short stories and a short prose drama
Thomas Tyrwhitt (1730–1786), English classical scholar and critic
Michael Tyson (antiquary) (1740–1780), Church of England clergyman, academic, antiquary and artist
Richard Weston (botanist) (1733–1806)
Charles Woodmason (c. 1720–1789), English-born American poet
Edward Young (1681–1765), English poet, best remembered for Night-Thoughts
Associated artists, painters, topographers
James Norris Brewer (fl. 1799–1829) English topographer and novelist
Thomas Faulkner (1775–1855), topographer
John Gibson (1750–1792), cartographer
Moses Griffith (1749–1819), Welsh draughtsman, engraver, and water colourist
William George Moss, chief illustrator c.1819
Bartholomew Howlett (1767–1827), English draughtsman and engraver
Samuel Rawle (1771–1860), English topographical engraver and draughtsman
See also
History of journalism
References
Further reading
Bond, Donald. "Review: The Gentleman's Magazine" Modern Philology (1940) 38#1 pp. 85–100 in JSTOR.
Carlson, C. Lennart. The First Magazine. A History of the Gentleman's Magazine, with an Account of Dr. Johnson's Editorial Activity and of the Notice Given America in the Magazine (Brown University Press, 1938), 281pp
Kuist, James M. (1982). The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine: Attributions of Authorship and Other Documentation in Editorial Papers at the Folger Library. University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, Wis.). ISBN 0-299-08480-9.
Two supplements to Kuist were originally published in Vols. 44, 45, 46, 47, and 49 of Studies in Bibliography, The Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1996). "Attributions of Authorship The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868 A supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine (1997). "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine, 1731–1868: A Synthesis of Finds Appearing Neither in Kuist's Nichols File nor in de Montluzin's Supplement to Kuist".
de Montluzin, Emily Lorraine. "Attributions of Authorship in The Gentleman's Magazine (Kuist's Nichols File and Its Conversion into an Electronic Database)".
See also
The Gentlewoman
External links
The Gentleman's magazine (London, England) in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
"The Gentleman's Magazine (1731–1833)". Eighteenth-Century Book Tracker. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Internet Archive.
The Gentleman's Magazine, archives at Google Books.
Bodleian Internet Library of Early Journals: A digital library of 18th and 19th Century journals including The Gentleman's Magazine, vols 1–20 (1731–50) (on-line text search)
A Selection of Curious Articles from the Gentleman's Magazine, John Walker, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, 1814 [1]
"An Electronic Version of James M. Kuist's The Nichols File of the Gentleman's Magazine". Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library. 21 April 2008. | title | {
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Yoshimune Sano (born Yoshimune Kato, April 30, 1979) is a Japanese former professional basketball player who played for the Akita Northern Happinets of the bj League in Japan. He played college basketball for Nihon University.
Career statistics
Regular season
Playoffs
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Cafayate is a department located in Salta Province, in northwestern Argentina.
Situated in the south of the province and with an area of 1,570 km2 (606 sq mi) it borders the departments of San Carlos, La Viña, Guachipas and the provinces of Tucumán and Catamarca.
Towns and municipalities
Cafayate
Tolombón
Las Conchas
Santa Bárbara
Geography
The main rivers in the region are Calchaquí, and Santa María. Both end at the area called Las Juntas or La Ciénaga, joining at the beginning of the Las Conchas river, which runs in the same-named vallery to the northwest, ending at the Cabra Corral reservoir.
Tourism
The Departament is known for its vineyards. Cafayate has other tourist sites such as an 18th-century mill built by the Jesuits which is still used on occasion for the tourism trade.
References
External links
Media related to Cafayate Department, Salta at Wikimedia Commons
(in Spanish) Departments of Salta Province website | country | {
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Cafayate is a department located in Salta Province, in northwestern Argentina.
Situated in the south of the province and with an area of 1,570 km2 (606 sq mi) it borders the departments of San Carlos, La Viña, Guachipas and the provinces of Tucumán and Catamarca.
Towns and municipalities
Cafayate
Tolombón
Las Conchas
Santa Bárbara
Geography
The main rivers in the region are Calchaquí, and Santa María. Both end at the area called Las Juntas or La Ciénaga, joining at the beginning of the Las Conchas river, which runs in the same-named vallery to the northwest, ending at the Cabra Corral reservoir.
Tourism
The Departament is known for its vineyards. Cafayate has other tourist sites such as an 18th-century mill built by the Jesuits which is still used on occasion for the tourism trade.
References
External links
Media related to Cafayate Department, Salta at Wikimedia Commons
(in Spanish) Departments of Salta Province website | located in the administrative territorial entity | {
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Cafayate is a department located in Salta Province, in northwestern Argentina.
Situated in the south of the province and with an area of 1,570 km2 (606 sq mi) it borders the departments of San Carlos, La Viña, Guachipas and the provinces of Tucumán and Catamarca.
Towns and municipalities
Cafayate
Tolombón
Las Conchas
Santa Bárbara
Geography
The main rivers in the region are Calchaquí, and Santa María. Both end at the area called Las Juntas or La Ciénaga, joining at the beginning of the Las Conchas river, which runs in the same-named vallery to the northwest, ending at the Cabra Corral reservoir.
Tourism
The Departament is known for its vineyards. Cafayate has other tourist sites such as an 18th-century mill built by the Jesuits which is still used on occasion for the tourism trade.
References
External links
Media related to Cafayate Department, Salta at Wikimedia Commons
(in Spanish) Departments of Salta Province website | Commons category | {
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Kenong Rimba Park is a protected rainforest area in Kuala Lipis, Pahang, Malaysia, which borders on Taman Negara. The park covers 128 km2. Available activities include caving, jungle trekking, night walking, hill climbing, bird and animal observation.THE PARK AT A GLANCE:
Size: 128 km2.
Flora Fauna: The park is a natural habitat for a host of flora which include orchids, "pokok Ara," and parasitic plants which thrive among the branches of the gigantic trees. It is also the home of numerous varieties of birds like the merbah, pigeons and merbuk to name a few. Nearby, water-lilies of multi-hued profusion grace the serene water of the padi-fields. Mammalian life includes the mouse-deer, porcupine and possibly elephants, too.
Activities: Caving, jungle walks, mountain climbing, swimming, picnicking, fishing.
References
External links
Tourism Malaysia - Kenong Rimba Park | country | {
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From Out of Sherwood Forest was a Southern California tabloid underground newspaper published biweekly in Newport Beach starting in November 1969. Based not far from the campus of the University of California at Irvine, it was aimed mainly at students, teenagers and hippies, and was known for its inflammatory, take no prisoners rhetoric: "The American government was on trial for crimes against the world. We now find the government guilty and sentence it to death in the streets." In an article entitled "Outlaw Blues" and signed "Robbin' Hood" readers were encouraged to shoplift, making the argument, in an oversimplification of Marxist theory, that "profit is theft," hence all profit-making businesses were stealing from the public and it was not immoral for the people to steal back what was theirs.Produced by a collective, the main editor and publisher was Don Elder, a 23-year-old former member of SDS at UC Irvine, son of a Newport Beach city council member, self-described revolutionary and co-owner of the Bird in the Cage (later Bird in Search of a Cage) bookstore, which opened in March 1969 on Balboa Boulevard, in a shopping strip near the surf in Newport Beach. Starting in November 1969 the paper was published by a "vaguely Marxist" collective out of the Bird in the Cage storefront. On Dec. 31, 1969, several weeks after the paper printed the article encouraging shoplifting, Don Elder was busted on 10 counts of conspiracy to solicit burglary and contributing to the delinquency of a minor, solely on the grounds that he was the editor of the paper and copies had allegedly fallen into the hands of minors. In July 1970 he was finally cleared of all charges. On Jan. 6, 1970, one week after the bust, the Bird in the Cage storefront was evicted from its Newport Beach location, ultimately relocating 10 miles north to Santa Ana.
See also
List of underground newspapers of the 1960s counterculture
== References == | instance of | {
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From Out of Sherwood Forest was a Southern California tabloid underground newspaper published biweekly in Newport Beach starting in November 1969. Based not far from the campus of the University of California at Irvine, it was aimed mainly at students, teenagers and hippies, and was known for its inflammatory, take no prisoners rhetoric: "The American government was on trial for crimes against the world. We now find the government guilty and sentence it to death in the streets." In an article entitled "Outlaw Blues" and signed "Robbin' Hood" readers were encouraged to shoplift, making the argument, in an oversimplification of Marxist theory, that "profit is theft," hence all profit-making businesses were stealing from the public and it was not immoral for the people to steal back what was theirs.Produced by a collective, the main editor and publisher was Don Elder, a 23-year-old former member of SDS at UC Irvine, son of a Newport Beach city council member, self-described revolutionary and co-owner of the Bird in the Cage (later Bird in Search of a Cage) bookstore, which opened in March 1969 on Balboa Boulevard, in a shopping strip near the surf in Newport Beach. Starting in November 1969 the paper was published by a "vaguely Marxist" collective out of the Bird in the Cage storefront. On Dec. 31, 1969, several weeks after the paper printed the article encouraging shoplifting, Don Elder was busted on 10 counts of conspiracy to solicit burglary and contributing to the delinquency of a minor, solely on the grounds that he was the editor of the paper and copies had allegedly fallen into the hands of minors. In July 1970 he was finally cleared of all charges. On Jan. 6, 1970, one week after the bust, the Bird in the Cage storefront was evicted from its Newport Beach location, ultimately relocating 10 miles north to Santa Ana.
See also
List of underground newspapers of the 1960s counterculture
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Ogiernicze [ɔɡʲɛrˈɲit͡ʂɛ] (German: Legelsdorf, Silesian: Ôgyrnicze) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Biała, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Prudnik, and 28 km (17 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole.
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Ogiernicze [ɔɡʲɛrˈɲit͡ʂɛ] (German: Legelsdorf, Silesian: Ôgyrnicze) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Biała, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Prudnik, and 28 km (17 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole.
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Ogiernicze [ɔɡʲɛrˈɲit͡ʂɛ] (German: Legelsdorf, Silesian: Ôgyrnicze) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Biała, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Prudnik, and 28 km (17 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole.
== References == | official name | {
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Ogiernicze [ɔɡʲɛrˈɲit͡ʂɛ] (German: Legelsdorf, Silesian: Ôgyrnicze) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała, within Prudnik County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Biała, 19 km (12 mi) north-east of Prudnik, and 28 km (17 mi) south-west of the regional capital Opole.
== References == | native label | {
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The Karmapa (honorific title: His Holiness the Gyalwa (རྒྱལ་བ་, 'Victorious One') Karmapa, more formally as Gyalwang (རྒྱལ་དབང་ཀརྨ་པ་, 'King of Victorious Ones') Karmapa, and informally as the Karmapa Lama) is the head of the Karma Kagyu, the largest sub-school of the Kagyu (Tibetan: བཀའ་བརྒྱུད, Wylie: bka' brgyud), itself one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Karmapa was Tibet's first consciously incarnating lama.
The historical seat of the Karmapas is Tsurphu Monastery in the Tolung valley of Tibet. The Karmapa's principal seat in exile is the Dharma Chakra Centre at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, India. His regional monastic seats are Karma Triyana Dharmachakra in New York and Dhagpo Kagyu Ling in Dordogne, France.
Due to a controversy within the Karma Kagyu school over the recognition process, the identity of the current 17th Karmapa is disputed by some. See Karmapa controversy for details.
Origin of the lineage
Düsum Khyenpa, 1st Karmapa Lama (Wylie: Dus gsum Mkhyen pa, 1110–1193), was a disciple of the Tibetan master Gampopa. A talented child who studied Buddhism with his father from an early age and who sought out great teachers in his twenties and thirties, he is said to have attained enlightenment at the age of fifty while practicing dream yoga. He was henceforth regarded by the contemporary highly respected masters Shakya Śri and Lama Shang as the Karmapa, a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara, whose coming was predicted in the Samadhiraja Sutra and the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra.The source of the oral lineage, traditionally traced back to the Buddha Vajradhara, was transmitted to the Indian master of mahamudra and tantra called Tilopa (989-1069), through Naropa (1016–1100) to Marpa Lotsawa and Milarepa. These forefathers of the Kagyu (Bka' brGyud) lineage are collectively called the "Golden Rosary".
Recognition of the Karmapa
The Karmapa is a long line of consciously reborn lamas, and the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi (1204–1283), is the first recognized tulku (Wylie: sprul sku) in Tibetan Buddhism that predicted the circumstances of his rebirth.A Karmapa's identity is confirmed through a combination realized lineage teachers supernatural insight, prediction letters left by the previous Karmapa, and the young child's own self-proclamation and ability to identify objects and people known to its previous incarnation.
Conflicts in recognitions
The 8th, 10th, and 12th incarnations, as well as the widely renowned 16th Karmapa, each faced conflicts during their recognition, which were ultimately resolved. There is currently a controversy over the enthronement of two 17th Karmapas.
Black Crown
The Karmapas are the holders of the Black Crown (Wylie: Zhwa-nag) and are thus sometimes known as "the Black Hat Lamas". This crown (Wylie: rang 'byung cod pan "self-arisen crown"), is traditionally said to have been woven by the dakinis from their hair and given to the Karmapa in recognition of his spiritual realization. The physical crown displayed by the Karmapas was offered to Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama by the Yongle Emperor of China as a material representation of the spiritual one.
The crown was last known to be located at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, the last home of the 16th Karmapa, although that location has been subject to some upheaval since 1993 causing some to worry as to whether or not it is still there. An inventory of items remaining at Rumtek is purported to be something the Indian government is going to undertake in the near future.
List of previous Karmapas
Düsum Khyenpa (དུས་གསུམ་མཁྱེན་པ་) (1110–1193)
Karma Pakshi (ཀརྨ་པཀྵི་) (1204–1283)
Rangjung Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1284–1339)
Rolpe Dorje (རོལ་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1340–1383)
Deshin Shekpa (དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ་)(1384–1415)
Thongwa Dönden (མཐོང་བ་དོན་ལྡན་) (1416–1453)
Chödrak Gyatso (ཆོས་གྲགས་རྒྱ་མཚོ་) (1454–1506)
Mikyö Dorje (མི་བསྐྱོད་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1507–1554)
Wangchuk Dorje (དབང་ཕྱུག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1556–1603)
Chöying Dorje (ཆོས་དབྱིངས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1604–1674)
Yeshe Dorje (ཡེ་ཤེས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1676–1702)
Changchub Dorje (བྱང་ཆུབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1703–1732)
Dudul Dorje (བདུད་འདུལ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1733–1797)
Thekchok Dorje (ཐེག་མཆོག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1798–1868)
Khakyab Dorje (མཁའ་ཁྱབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1871–1922)
Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རིག་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1924–1981)
Ogyen Trinley Dorje (ཨོ་རྒྱན་འཕྲིན་ལས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1985) or Trinley Thaye Dorje (ཕྲིན་ལས་མཐའ་ཡས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1983)
See also
Dorje Pakmo
Drikungpa
Shamarpa
Thrangu Rinpoche
Notes
References
Official websites of His Holiness Karmapa www.karmapa.org or www.kagyuoffice.org
Thinley, Karma: The History of the Sixteen Karmapas of Tibet, Boulder, Prajna Press 1980.
Douglas, Nick; White, Meryl: Karmapa, the Black Hat Lama of Tibet, Milano 1975.
Ken Holmes, Karmapa, Altea Publishing 1995, ISBN 0-9524555-4-4. Author's website (While the book and web site favours one candidate for the 17th the information on 1st-16th is useful and was the original source for this article)
External links
The history of the Karmapa lineage, including biographical details of the historical Karmapas, can be found at the following web sites. Notice that the websites are written to those loyal to one or other of the rival 17th Karmapas, and their accounts of previous incarnations may not be written from a neutral point of view.
Karmapa lineage history on kagyuoffice.org, the website of Ogyen Trinley Dorje
Karmapa lineage history on karmapa.org, the website of Thaye Dorje
The Life of the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa
Information on past and present Karmapas from khandro.net, a website supporting Ogyen Trinley Dorje | Commons category | {
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The Karmapa (honorific title: His Holiness the Gyalwa (རྒྱལ་བ་, 'Victorious One') Karmapa, more formally as Gyalwang (རྒྱལ་དབང་ཀརྨ་པ་, 'King of Victorious Ones') Karmapa, and informally as the Karmapa Lama) is the head of the Karma Kagyu, the largest sub-school of the Kagyu (Tibetan: བཀའ་བརྒྱུད, Wylie: bka' brgyud), itself one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Karmapa was Tibet's first consciously incarnating lama.
The historical seat of the Karmapas is Tsurphu Monastery in the Tolung valley of Tibet. The Karmapa's principal seat in exile is the Dharma Chakra Centre at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, India. His regional monastic seats are Karma Triyana Dharmachakra in New York and Dhagpo Kagyu Ling in Dordogne, France.
Due to a controversy within the Karma Kagyu school over the recognition process, the identity of the current 17th Karmapa is disputed by some. See Karmapa controversy for details.
Origin of the lineage
Düsum Khyenpa, 1st Karmapa Lama (Wylie: Dus gsum Mkhyen pa, 1110–1193), was a disciple of the Tibetan master Gampopa. A talented child who studied Buddhism with his father from an early age and who sought out great teachers in his twenties and thirties, he is said to have attained enlightenment at the age of fifty while practicing dream yoga. He was henceforth regarded by the contemporary highly respected masters Shakya Śri and Lama Shang as the Karmapa, a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara, whose coming was predicted in the Samadhiraja Sutra and the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra.The source of the oral lineage, traditionally traced back to the Buddha Vajradhara, was transmitted to the Indian master of mahamudra and tantra called Tilopa (989-1069), through Naropa (1016–1100) to Marpa Lotsawa and Milarepa. These forefathers of the Kagyu (Bka' brGyud) lineage are collectively called the "Golden Rosary".
Recognition of the Karmapa
The Karmapa is a long line of consciously reborn lamas, and the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi (1204–1283), is the first recognized tulku (Wylie: sprul sku) in Tibetan Buddhism that predicted the circumstances of his rebirth.A Karmapa's identity is confirmed through a combination realized lineage teachers supernatural insight, prediction letters left by the previous Karmapa, and the young child's own self-proclamation and ability to identify objects and people known to its previous incarnation.
Conflicts in recognitions
The 8th, 10th, and 12th incarnations, as well as the widely renowned 16th Karmapa, each faced conflicts during their recognition, which were ultimately resolved. There is currently a controversy over the enthronement of two 17th Karmapas.
Black Crown
The Karmapas are the holders of the Black Crown (Wylie: Zhwa-nag) and are thus sometimes known as "the Black Hat Lamas". This crown (Wylie: rang 'byung cod pan "self-arisen crown"), is traditionally said to have been woven by the dakinis from their hair and given to the Karmapa in recognition of his spiritual realization. The physical crown displayed by the Karmapas was offered to Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama by the Yongle Emperor of China as a material representation of the spiritual one.
The crown was last known to be located at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, the last home of the 16th Karmapa, although that location has been subject to some upheaval since 1993 causing some to worry as to whether or not it is still there. An inventory of items remaining at Rumtek is purported to be something the Indian government is going to undertake in the near future.
List of previous Karmapas
Düsum Khyenpa (དུས་གསུམ་མཁྱེན་པ་) (1110–1193)
Karma Pakshi (ཀརྨ་པཀྵི་) (1204–1283)
Rangjung Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1284–1339)
Rolpe Dorje (རོལ་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1340–1383)
Deshin Shekpa (དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ་)(1384–1415)
Thongwa Dönden (མཐོང་བ་དོན་ལྡན་) (1416–1453)
Chödrak Gyatso (ཆོས་གྲགས་རྒྱ་མཚོ་) (1454–1506)
Mikyö Dorje (མི་བསྐྱོད་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1507–1554)
Wangchuk Dorje (དབང་ཕྱུག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1556–1603)
Chöying Dorje (ཆོས་དབྱིངས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1604–1674)
Yeshe Dorje (ཡེ་ཤེས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1676–1702)
Changchub Dorje (བྱང་ཆུབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1703–1732)
Dudul Dorje (བདུད་འདུལ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1733–1797)
Thekchok Dorje (ཐེག་མཆོག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1798–1868)
Khakyab Dorje (མཁའ་ཁྱབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1871–1922)
Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རིག་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1924–1981)
Ogyen Trinley Dorje (ཨོ་རྒྱན་འཕྲིན་ལས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1985) or Trinley Thaye Dorje (ཕྲིན་ལས་མཐའ་ཡས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1983)
See also
Dorje Pakmo
Drikungpa
Shamarpa
Thrangu Rinpoche
Notes
References
Official websites of His Holiness Karmapa www.karmapa.org or www.kagyuoffice.org
Thinley, Karma: The History of the Sixteen Karmapas of Tibet, Boulder, Prajna Press 1980.
Douglas, Nick; White, Meryl: Karmapa, the Black Hat Lama of Tibet, Milano 1975.
Ken Holmes, Karmapa, Altea Publishing 1995, ISBN 0-9524555-4-4. Author's website (While the book and web site favours one candidate for the 17th the information on 1st-16th is useful and was the original source for this article)
External links
The history of the Karmapa lineage, including biographical details of the historical Karmapas, can be found at the following web sites. Notice that the websites are written to those loyal to one or other of the rival 17th Karmapas, and their accounts of previous incarnations may not be written from a neutral point of view.
Karmapa lineage history on kagyuoffice.org, the website of Ogyen Trinley Dorje
Karmapa lineage history on karmapa.org, the website of Thaye Dorje
The Life of the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa
Information on past and present Karmapas from khandro.net, a website supporting Ogyen Trinley Dorje | Quora topic ID | {
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The Karmapa (honorific title: His Holiness the Gyalwa (རྒྱལ་བ་, 'Victorious One') Karmapa, more formally as Gyalwang (རྒྱལ་དབང་ཀརྨ་པ་, 'King of Victorious Ones') Karmapa, and informally as the Karmapa Lama) is the head of the Karma Kagyu, the largest sub-school of the Kagyu (Tibetan: བཀའ་བརྒྱུད, Wylie: bka' brgyud), itself one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Karmapa was Tibet's first consciously incarnating lama.
The historical seat of the Karmapas is Tsurphu Monastery in the Tolung valley of Tibet. The Karmapa's principal seat in exile is the Dharma Chakra Centre at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, India. His regional monastic seats are Karma Triyana Dharmachakra in New York and Dhagpo Kagyu Ling in Dordogne, France.
Due to a controversy within the Karma Kagyu school over the recognition process, the identity of the current 17th Karmapa is disputed by some. See Karmapa controversy for details.
Origin of the lineage
Düsum Khyenpa, 1st Karmapa Lama (Wylie: Dus gsum Mkhyen pa, 1110–1193), was a disciple of the Tibetan master Gampopa. A talented child who studied Buddhism with his father from an early age and who sought out great teachers in his twenties and thirties, he is said to have attained enlightenment at the age of fifty while practicing dream yoga. He was henceforth regarded by the contemporary highly respected masters Shakya Śri and Lama Shang as the Karmapa, a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara, whose coming was predicted in the Samadhiraja Sutra and the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra.The source of the oral lineage, traditionally traced back to the Buddha Vajradhara, was transmitted to the Indian master of mahamudra and tantra called Tilopa (989-1069), through Naropa (1016–1100) to Marpa Lotsawa and Milarepa. These forefathers of the Kagyu (Bka' brGyud) lineage are collectively called the "Golden Rosary".
Recognition of the Karmapa
The Karmapa is a long line of consciously reborn lamas, and the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi (1204–1283), is the first recognized tulku (Wylie: sprul sku) in Tibetan Buddhism that predicted the circumstances of his rebirth.A Karmapa's identity is confirmed through a combination realized lineage teachers supernatural insight, prediction letters left by the previous Karmapa, and the young child's own self-proclamation and ability to identify objects and people known to its previous incarnation.
Conflicts in recognitions
The 8th, 10th, and 12th incarnations, as well as the widely renowned 16th Karmapa, each faced conflicts during their recognition, which were ultimately resolved. There is currently a controversy over the enthronement of two 17th Karmapas.
Black Crown
The Karmapas are the holders of the Black Crown (Wylie: Zhwa-nag) and are thus sometimes known as "the Black Hat Lamas". This crown (Wylie: rang 'byung cod pan "self-arisen crown"), is traditionally said to have been woven by the dakinis from their hair and given to the Karmapa in recognition of his spiritual realization. The physical crown displayed by the Karmapas was offered to Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama by the Yongle Emperor of China as a material representation of the spiritual one.
The crown was last known to be located at Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim, the last home of the 16th Karmapa, although that location has been subject to some upheaval since 1993 causing some to worry as to whether or not it is still there. An inventory of items remaining at Rumtek is purported to be something the Indian government is going to undertake in the near future.
List of previous Karmapas
Düsum Khyenpa (དུས་གསུམ་མཁྱེན་པ་) (1110–1193)
Karma Pakshi (ཀརྨ་པཀྵི་) (1204–1283)
Rangjung Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1284–1339)
Rolpe Dorje (རོལ་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1340–1383)
Deshin Shekpa (དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ་)(1384–1415)
Thongwa Dönden (མཐོང་བ་དོན་ལྡན་) (1416–1453)
Chödrak Gyatso (ཆོས་གྲགས་རྒྱ་མཚོ་) (1454–1506)
Mikyö Dorje (མི་བསྐྱོད་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1507–1554)
Wangchuk Dorje (དབང་ཕྱུག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1556–1603)
Chöying Dorje (ཆོས་དབྱིངས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1604–1674)
Yeshe Dorje (ཡེ་ཤེས་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1676–1702)
Changchub Dorje (བྱང་ཆུབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1703–1732)
Dudul Dorje (བདུད་འདུལ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1733–1797)
Thekchok Dorje (ཐེག་མཆོག་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1798–1868)
Khakyab Dorje (མཁའ་ཁྱབ་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1871–1922)
Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (རང་འབྱུང་རིག་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་) (1924–1981)
Ogyen Trinley Dorje (ཨོ་རྒྱན་འཕྲིན་ལས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1985) or Trinley Thaye Dorje (ཕྲིན་ལས་མཐའ་ཡས་རྡོ་རྗེ།) (b. 1983)
See also
Dorje Pakmo
Drikungpa
Shamarpa
Thrangu Rinpoche
Notes
References
Official websites of His Holiness Karmapa www.karmapa.org or www.kagyuoffice.org
Thinley, Karma: The History of the Sixteen Karmapas of Tibet, Boulder, Prajna Press 1980.
Douglas, Nick; White, Meryl: Karmapa, the Black Hat Lama of Tibet, Milano 1975.
Ken Holmes, Karmapa, Altea Publishing 1995, ISBN 0-9524555-4-4. Author's website (While the book and web site favours one candidate for the 17th the information on 1st-16th is useful and was the original source for this article)
External links
The history of the Karmapa lineage, including biographical details of the historical Karmapas, can be found at the following web sites. Notice that the websites are written to those loyal to one or other of the rival 17th Karmapas, and their accounts of previous incarnations may not be written from a neutral point of view.
Karmapa lineage history on kagyuoffice.org, the website of Ogyen Trinley Dorje
Karmapa lineage history on karmapa.org, the website of Thaye Dorje
The Life of the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa
Information on past and present Karmapas from khandro.net, a website supporting Ogyen Trinley Dorje | Den Store Danske ID | {
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Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
Events
Works published
France
Joachim du Bellay, France:
L'Olive, the first sonnet sequence written in France
La Defense et illustration de la langue françoyse; the author argues that all languages have equal value, and that modern French can express wisdom and truth as well as Ancient Greek, Latin, Italian or Spanish, but du Bellay also advocates adoption of Italianate and classical poetic forms to improve French poetry; he states that it is "no vicious thing, but praiseworthy, to borrow from a foreign tongue thoughts and words and appropriate them to our own"
Recueil de poesie, presente à tres illustre princesse Madame Marguerite, seur unique du Roy [...]
Vers lyriques
Pontus de Tyard. Erreurs amoureuses
Great Britain
William Baldwin, The Canticles or Balades of Saloman
Robert Crowley, The Voyce of the Laste Trumpet Blowen bi the Seventh Angel
Thomas Sternhold and John Hopkins, The Whole Booke of Psalmes, translated from the Old Testament
Other
Friedrich Dedekind, Grobianus a poem written by a German in Latin elegiac verse; enormously popular across Continental Europe (see also Grobiana, an enlarged edition 1554, and Grobianus et Grobiana: sive, de morum simplicitate, libri tres 1558)
Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
Giles Fletcher the Elder, birth year uncertain (died 1611), English poet and ambassador; father of Giles Fletcher the younger
Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
December 12 – Marguerite de Navarre, also known as "Marguerite of Angoulême" and "Margaret of Navarre" (born 1492), French queen consort of King Henry II of Navarre; patron of humanists and reformers, author, playwright and poet
date not known – Arakida Moritake 荒木田守武 (born 1473), Japanese, the son of Negi Morihide, and a Shinto priest; said to have excelled in waka, renga, and in particular haikai
date not known – Arthur Kelton died either 1549 or 1550 (born unknown), author who wrote in rhyme about Welsh history
See also
Poetry
16th century in poetry
16th century in literature
French Renaissance literature
Renaissance literature
Spanish Renaissance literature
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | instance of | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | Commons category | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | language of work or name | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | edition or translation of | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | translator | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | has edition or translation | {
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The Bible of Kralice, also called the Kralice Bible (Czech: Bible kralická), was the first complete translation of the Bible from the original languages into Czech. Translated by the Unity of the Brethren and printed in Kralice nad Oslavou, the first edition had six volumes and was published between 1579 and 1593. The third edition, from 1613, is classic and till this day widely known and used Czech translation. The New Testament had been translated from the Greek by Jan Blahoslav and published in 1564.
See also
Bible translations into Czech
Slavic translations of the Bible
External links
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the first edition (in Czech)
Bible of Kralice – electronic version of the latest edition (in Czech)
Travelling exhibition shows history of Bible in Czech lands – This exhibition includes the Bible of Kralice and a photo shows the Bible.
The Kralice Bible – short history of the edition and the details of its printing, with special attention given to a full 6-volume set preserved at the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem. | title | {
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The Afon Clywedog is an upland headwater tributary of the River Severn in Powys, Wales. It is approximately 29 km long and has its source on the flanks of Plynlimon and has its confluence with the Severn in Llanidloes. The annual rainfall over the catchment is between 1737 mm and 1836 mm.
River regulation
A large part of the upper catchment of the river is inundated by the Clywedog reservoir which stores water from the catchment, especially during the winter months, and releases it during periods of low flow to support the flow in the Severn so that drinking water may be abstracted downstream. The management rules also enable the reservoir to maintain the reservoir below maximum level during the winter so that there is capacity to absorb flood flows to reduce the impact of flooding further down the main river. The Afon Clywedog thus has a highly regulated flow with relatively high flow in dry conditions and reduced flow in wetter weather.
See also
Bryntail lead mine
List of rivers in Wales
References
External links
Media related to River Clywedog, Powys at Wikimedia Commons | instance of | {
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The Afon Clywedog is an upland headwater tributary of the River Severn in Powys, Wales. It is approximately 29 km long and has its source on the flanks of Plynlimon and has its confluence with the Severn in Llanidloes. The annual rainfall over the catchment is between 1737 mm and 1836 mm.
River regulation
A large part of the upper catchment of the river is inundated by the Clywedog reservoir which stores water from the catchment, especially during the winter months, and releases it during periods of low flow to support the flow in the Severn so that drinking water may be abstracted downstream. The management rules also enable the reservoir to maintain the reservoir below maximum level during the winter so that there is capacity to absorb flood flows to reduce the impact of flooding further down the main river. The Afon Clywedog thus has a highly regulated flow with relatively high flow in dry conditions and reduced flow in wetter weather.
See also
Bryntail lead mine
List of rivers in Wales
References
External links
Media related to River Clywedog, Powys at Wikimedia Commons | Commons category | {
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The Afon Clywedog is an upland headwater tributary of the River Severn in Powys, Wales. It is approximately 29 km long and has its source on the flanks of Plynlimon and has its confluence with the Severn in Llanidloes. The annual rainfall over the catchment is between 1737 mm and 1836 mm.
River regulation
A large part of the upper catchment of the river is inundated by the Clywedog reservoir which stores water from the catchment, especially during the winter months, and releases it during periods of low flow to support the flow in the Severn so that drinking water may be abstracted downstream. The management rules also enable the reservoir to maintain the reservoir below maximum level during the winter so that there is capacity to absorb flood flows to reduce the impact of flooding further down the main river. The Afon Clywedog thus has a highly regulated flow with relatively high flow in dry conditions and reduced flow in wetter weather.
See also
Bryntail lead mine
List of rivers in Wales
References
External links
Media related to River Clywedog, Powys at Wikimedia Commons | mouth of the watercourse | {
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Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | family name | {
"answer_start": [
10
],
"text": [
"Golovin"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | given name | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Aleksandr"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | languages spoken, written or signed | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"Russian"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | country of citizenship | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"Russia"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | native language | {
"answer_start": [
73
],
"text": [
"Russian"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | occupation | {
"answer_start": [
159
],
"text": [
"diplomat"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | Commons category | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Aleksandr Golovin"
]
} |
Aleksandr Golovin may refer to:
Aleksandr Golovin (artist) (1863–1930), Russian artist and stage designer
Alexander Vasiliyevich Golovin (born 1949), Russian diplomat and ambassador
Aleksandr Golovin (footballer) (born 1996), Russian football player
Alexander Golovin (ice hockey) (born 1983), Russian ice hockey player
Aleksandr Golovin (wrestler) (born 1995), Russian Greco-Roman junior wrestler, silver world cup | number of matches played/races/starts | {
"answer_start": [
61
],
"text": [
"1"
]
} |
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