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astro-ph/9511126
H_2 Cooling of Primordial Gas Triggered by UV Irradiation
We investigate the formation of molecular hydrogen (H_2) in a primordial H+He gas cloud irradiated by a power-law UV flux. We find that at high densities (>1 cm^{-3}) and low temperatures (<10^4 K), the background radiation enhances the formation of H_2 and results in molecular cooling dominating over photoionization h...
1995-11-27
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Zoltan Haiman, Martin Rees, and Abraham Loeb
astro-ph/9511125
The behaviour of the excess CaII H & K and H_epsilon emissions in chromospherically active binaries
In this work we analyze the behaviour of the excess Ca~{\sc ii} H \& K and H$\epsilon$ emissions in a sample of 73 chromospherically active binary systems (RS$~$CVn and BY$~$Dra classes), of different activity levels and luminosity classes. This sample includes the 53 stars analyzed by Fern\'andez-Figueroa et al. (1994...
1995-11-27
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
D. Montes, M.J. Fernandez-Figueroa, M. Cornide, E. De Castro
astro-ph/9511128
An HI survey of the Bootes Void. II. The Analysis
We discuss the results of a VLA HI survey of the Bootes void and compare the distribution and HI properties of the void galaxies to those of galaxies found in a survey of regions of mean cosmic density. The Bootes survey covers 1100 Mpc$^{3}$, or $\sim$ 1\% of the volume of the void and consists of 24 cubes of typicall...
1995-11-27
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
A. Szomoru (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute) J.H. van Gorkom (Columbia University) M.D. Gregg (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) M.A. Strauss (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton)
astro-ph/9511123
The Contribution of Late-type/Irregulars to the Faint Galaxy Counts from HST Medium Deep Survey Images
We present a complete morphologically classified sample of 144 faint field galaxies from the HST Medium Deep Survey with 20.0 < I <22.0 mag. We compare the global properties of the ellipticals, early and late-type spirals, and find a non-negligible fraction (13/144) of compact blue [(V-I) < 1.0 mag] systems with $r^{1/...
1995-11-27
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
Simon P. Driver (ASU), Rogier A. Windhorst (ASU), Richard E. Griffiths (JHU)
astro-ph/9511130
Concepts in CMB Anisotropy Formation
These lecture notes form a primer on the theory of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy formation. With emphasis on conceptual aspects rather than technical issues, we examine the physical foundations of anisotropy evolution in relativistic kinetic and perturbation theory as well as the manifestation of these p...
1995-11-27
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Wayne Hu (IAS)
astro-ph/9511127
An HI survey of the Bootes Void. I. The Data
We present the results of a neutral hydrogen survey of the Bootes void carried out with the VLA in D-array. The survey covers $\sim 1100$ Mpc$^{3}$, about 1\% of the volume of the void as defined by Kirshner \etal 1987. We observed 24 fields, centered on known void galaxies; 16 of these were detected in HI. Eighteen un...
1995-11-27
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
A. Szomoru (Kapteyn Astronomical Institute) J.H. van Gorkom (Columbia University) M.D. Gregg (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
astro-ph/9511129
The rate of supernovae: biases and uncertainties
Using an updated SN list and galaxy parameters from the RC3 catalog, we have revisited two well know biases affecting SN searches. We show that the bias in the central region of galaxies is negligible for galaxies closer than 40 Mpc (H=75), but causes the loss of almost 50% of SNe in the distance range 80-160 Mpc. This...
1995-11-27
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Enrico Cappellaro and Massimo Turatto
astro-ph/9511124
Statistics of Small-N Simulations
We first review the reasons for carrying out statistical analysis of results from large numbers of N-body simulations, including a summary of previous work. Then we describe some results about the behaviour of N-body systems which have been acquired by this technique. Finally we concentrate on the problems associated w...
1995-11-27
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Douglas C. Heggie
astro-ph/9511118
Hydrogen Masers. I: Theory and Prospects
The discovery of the first naturally occurring high gain hydrogen recombination line (HRL) maser, in the millimeter and submillimeter spectrum of the emission line star MWC349, requires an expansion of current paradigms about HRLs. In this paper we re-examine in general the physics of non-LTE populations in recombining...
1995-11-26
2012-08-27
[ "astro-ph" ]
Vladimir S. Strelnitski, Victor O. Ponomarev, Howard A. Smith
astro-ph/9511119
Hydrogen Masers. II: MWC349
The conditions of masing and lasing in the hydrogen recombination lines (HLR) in the disk and outflow of MWC349 are studied. Comparison of the complete set of the observed aphal-lines, with simple models of optically thin spontaneous emission shows that observable HRL masing in this source is limited to the interval of...
1995-11-26
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Vladimir S. Strelnitski, Howard A. Smith, Victor O. Ponomarev
astro-ph/9511121
Minimum relaxation n-body simulations using orthogonal series force computation
This report describes a modification of the orthogonal function Poisson solver for n-body simulations that minimizes relaxation caused by small particle number fluctuations. With the standard algorithm, the noise leading to relaxation can be reduced by making the expansion basis similar to the particle distribution and...
1995-11-26
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
Martin D. Weinberg
astro-ph/9511122
The Dynamics of the Galactic Bar
I selectively review the various dynamical scenarios that have been explored to date, especially those that illustrate the conundrums. In short, although the existence of asymmetries are convincing enough, the interpretation remains ambiguous. A coherent picture for the Milky Way asymmetries is an obvious lack; each me...
1995-11-26
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Martin D. Weinberg
astro-ph/9511120
Gravitational collisions in cosmological N-body codes
We study the accumulation of errors in cosmological N-body algorithms that are caused by representing the continuous distribution of matter by massive particles, comparing the PPPM and Adaptive Multigrid codes. We use for this a new measure of two-body relaxation suitable for nonstationary gravitating systems. This mea...
1995-11-26
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ivar Suisalu (1,2,3) and Enn Saar (1,3) ((1) Tartu Observatory, (2) Royal Observatory Edinburgh, (3) Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Copenhagen)
astro-ph/9511117
Are Gamma Ray Bursts due to Rotation Powered High Velocity Pulsars in the Halo ?
The BATSE experiment has now observed more than 1100 gamma-ray bursts. The observed angular distribution is isotropic, while the brightness distribution of bursts shows a reduced number of faint events. These observations favor a cosmological burst origin. Alternatively, very extended Galactic Halo (EGH) models have be...
1995-11-25
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Dieter Hartmann & Ramesh Narayan
astro-ph/9511115
Dark Matter in Globular Clusters
We first review reasons why dark matter is an interesting issue in connection with star clusters. Next we consider to what extent the presence of dark matter is consistent with their dynamics and structure. We review various model-dependent and model-independent methods which have been applied to two well studied clust...
1995-11-24
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Douglas C. Heggie and Piet Hut
astro-ph/9511116
Adaptative Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics and Particle-Particle coupled codes: Energy and Entropy Conservation
We present and test a general-purpose code, called PPASPH, for evolving self-gravitating fluids in astrophysics, both with and without a collisionless component. In PPASPH, hydrodynamical properties are computed by using the SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) method while, unlike most previous implementations of SPH...
1995-11-24
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Arturo Serna, Jean-Michel Alimi (LAEC, Observatoire de Meudon, France) & Jean-Pierre Chieze (PTN, CEA, Bruyeres le Chatel, France)
astro-ph/9511113
Ca depletion and the presence of dust in large scale nebulosities in radiogalaxies (I)
We show that the study of the Calcium depletion is a valid an highly sensitive method for investigating the chemical and physical history of the very extended ionized nebulae seen around radio galaxies (EELR), massive ellipticals and `cooling flow' galaxies. By observing the near IR spectrum of nebular regions characte...
1995-11-24
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
M. Villar-Martin and L. Binette
astro-ph/9511114
Modeling the Lightcurves of Type Ia Supernovae
In order to investigate non-uniformity in the luminosity evolution of Type Ia supernovae, we fit the lightcurves with a multi-parameter empirical model. The model provides a quantitative method of analyzing the lightcurves of Type I supernovae and a convenient and continuous representation of the photometric data. Usin...
1995-11-24
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
W. D. Vacca and B. Leibundgut
astro-ph/9511112
A symplectic approach to gravitational instability
We present a global approach of non-dissipative physics. Based on symplectic mechanics this technique allows us to obtain the solution of a very large class of problems in terms of a Taylor expand. We apply this method to the problem of gravitational instability and we obtain a general expression of the gravitational p...
1995-11-24
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
J. Perez (SAP, CEA Saclay), M. Lachieze-Rey (SAP, CEA Saclay)
astro-ph/9511111
Concordance of X-Ray Cluster Data With BBN In Mixed Dark Matter Models
If the hot, X-ray emitting gas in rich clusters forms a fair sample of the universe (as in Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models), and the universe is at the critical density, $\Omega_T = 1$, then the data appears to imply a baryon fraction, $\Omega_{b,x}$ ($\Omega_{b,x}\equiv \Omega_b$ derived from X-ray cluster data), larger...
1995-11-24
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Russell W. Strickland, David N. Schramm
astro-ph/9511110
Modelling the Deep Counts: Luminosity Evolution, Dust and Faint Galaxies
In this paper we analyse the deep number counts problem, taking account of new observational and theoretical developments. First we show that the new Bruzual and Charlot (1993) models allow a new class of spiral dominated luminosity evolution (LE) model where significant amounts of the luminosity evolution needed to fi...
1995-11-23
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ana Campos and Tom Shanks (Dept. Physics, U. Durham)
astro-ph/9511106
Pulsar Recoil and Gravitational Radiation due to Asymmetrical Stellar Collapse and Explosion
New data imply that the average velocity of radio pulsars is large \cite{hla93}. Under the assumption that these data imply that a pulsar is born with an ``intrinsic'' kick, we investigate whether such kicks can be a consequence of asymmetrical stellar collapse and explosion. We calculate the gravitational wave (GW) si...
1995-11-23
2009-01-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Adam Burrows and John Hayes (University of Arizona)
astro-ph/9511109
Giant Planets at Small Orbital Distances
Using Doppler spectroscopy to detect the reflex motion of the nearby star, 51 Pegasi, Mayor \& Queloz (1995) claim to have discovered a giant planet in a 0.05-A.U., 4.23-day orbit. They estimate its mass to be in the range 0.5 \mj to 2 \mj, but are not able to determine its nature or origin. Including the effects of th...
1995-11-23
2010-04-06
[ "astro-ph" ]
T. Guillot, A. Burrows, W.B. Hubbard, J.I. Lunine, and D. Saumon
astro-ph/9511108
The Effects of Inhomogeneities on Evaluating the Deceleration Parameter q$_0$
Analytic expressions for distance-redshift relations which have been corrected for the effects of some inhomogeneities in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) mass density are used to illustrate the significance of inhomogeneities on a determination of $q_0$ made by using Type Ia supernovae. The value of $q_0$ inferred...
1995-11-22
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph", "gr-qc", "hep-ph" ]
R. Kantowski, T. Vaughan, and D. Branch
astro-ph/9511103
Stability of spherical stellar systems I : Analytical results
The so-called ``symplectic method'' is used for studying the linear stability of a self-gravitating collisionless stellar system, in which the particles are also submitted to an external potential. The system is steady and spherically symmetric, and its distribution function $f_0$ thus depends only on the energy $E$ an...
1995-11-22
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
J. Perez (SAP, CEA Saclay), J-J Aly (SAP, CEA Saclay)
astro-ph/9511107
Solar Core Homology, Solar Neutrinos and Helioseismology
Precise numerical standard solar models (SSMs) now agree with one another and with helioseismological observations in the convective and outer radiative zones. Nevertheless these models obscure how luminosity, neutrino production and g-mode core helioseismology depend on such inputs as opacity and nuclear cross section...
1995-11-22
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph", "hep-ph" ]
Sidney A. Bludman, Dallas C. Kennedy
astro-ph/9511102
Crisis in Cosmology : Observational Constraints on Omega and H_0
Thanks to new technology of observations and fresh inputs from particle physics, cosmology has advanced on both observational and theoretical fronts. It is therefore opportune that we take stock of the cosmological situation today and examine the observational and theoretical constraints as they are now. The bottom lin...
1995-11-22
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
J.S.Bagla, T.Padmanabhan and J.V.Narlikar
astro-ph/9511104
Galaxies with the DENIS 2 Micron Survey: A Preliminary Report
The DENIS $IJK$ survey of the entire southern sky is beginning observations this year. It will return one million images, representing 4 Terabytes, among which nearly $10^8$ stars and up to one million galaxies. The main extragalactic applications of such a multi-band, digital, near-IR 2D survey are listed, and the imp...
1995-11-22
2019-07-31
[ "astro-ph" ]
Gary A. Mamon (Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris)
astro-ph/9511105
Metal Enhancements in the X-ray Gas around Central Cluster Galaxies
The X-ray emission by hot gas around the central galaxies of galaxy clusters is commonly modeled assuming the existence of steady-state, multiphase cooling flows. The inflowing gas will be chemically enriched by type Ia supernovae and stellar mass loss occurring in the outer parts of the central galaxy. This may give r...
1995-11-22
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Andreas Reisenegger (Institute for Advanced Study)
astro-ph/9511096
Constrained realizations and minimum variance reconstruction of non-Gaussian random fields
With appropriate modifications, the Hoffman--Ribak algorithm that constructs constrained realizations of Gaussian random fields having the correct ensemble properties can also be used to construct constrained realizations of those non-Gaussian random fields that are obtained by transformations of an underlying Gaussian...
1995-11-21
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ravi K. Sheth (U.C. Berkeley)
astro-ph/9511101
The Dynamics of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies and Links to Cosmology
The links between the internal structure of galaxy groups and clusters and cosmological parameters are reviewed here. The mass density profiles of clusters, inferred from both optical analyses of the galaxy surface number density profile coupled with internal kinematics, and from weak gravitational lensing, appear cusp...
1995-11-21
2008-02-03
[ "astro-ph" ]
Gary A. Mamon (Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris)
astro-ph/9511098
The Colours of HII Galaxies
We present high spatial resolution CCD surface photometry study in the optical V, R and I filters of 15 HII galaxies from the Nordic Optical Telescope and the Jacobus Kapteyn Telescope at Canary Islands. The colours of the starburst continuum and of the underlying galaxy are measured. The distribution of colours of the...
1995-11-21
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Eduardo Telles and Roberto Terlevich
astro-ph/9511100
An Upper Mass Bound of a Two-Component Protogalaxy
We investigate the physical properties of a two-component virialized protogalaxy comprising a hot gas and cold clouds which are in pressure equilibrium under the assumptions that the protogalaxy is both spherical and homogeneous. Two conditions which we adopt are that the protogalaxy is in virial equilibrium and that t...
1995-11-21
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
Keiko Miyahata and Satoru Ikeuchi(Osaka University)
astro-ph/9511097
Dynamical History of Ly \alpha clouds
The clustering properties of Ly ${\alpha}$ lines are analysed using an intermediate resolution ($\sim 1\AA$) spectra of 67 QSOs compiled from the literature. The pair velocity correlation function indicates a weak excess in the velocity intervals up to ${\rm \Delta v\;=\;600\; km\;s^{-1}}$. The z-integrated probability...
1995-11-21
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
R. Srianand
astro-ph/9511099
A first look at galaxies with the DENIS survey
We review the various steps for the extraction of extended sources, principally galaxies, from the DENIS images. The capabilities of DENIS are studied with simulated images. A few real DENIS J and K_s-band images are presented for very bright galaxies and one nearby rich galaxy cluster.
1995-11-21
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Gary Mamon (IAP), Vincent Banchet (IAP), Catherine Boisson (DAEC, Obs. de Paris), Veronique Cayatte (DAEC, Obs. de Paris), and Frederic Engelmann (IAP)
astro-ph/9511094
New Photometry of the Hyades $\delta$ Scuti star V777 Tau (71 Tau)
71 Tau was discovered to be a $\delta$ Scuti star by Horan (1979, AJ 84, 1770). To our knowledge no other photometry of this star has been published. 71 Tau is the second brightest X-ray source in the Hyades and has been shown to be variable by as much as 30 \% at ultraviolet wavelengths near 1700 to 2000 \AA. We find ...
1995-11-21
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Kevin Krisciunas, Theodore Simon, Richard A. Crowe, Mavourneen Roberts
astro-ph/9511095
Infall Collapse Solutions in the Inner Limit: Radiation Pressure and its Effects on Star Formation
In this paper, we study infall collapse solutions for star formation in the small radius limit where the particle orbits become nearly pressure-free. We generalize previous solutions to simultaneously include the effects of both radiation pressure and angular momentum. The effects of radiation pressure can be modeled u...
1995-11-20
2008-11-26
[ "astro-ph" ]
Jasmin Jijina, Fred C. Adams
astro-ph/9511093
Post-Newtonian Cosmological Dynamics in Lagrangian coordinates
The non-linear dynamics of irrotational dust in General Relativity is studied in synchronous and comoving coordinates. All the equations are written in terms of the metric tensor of spatial sections orthogonal to the flow, which allows an unambiguous expansion in powers of $1/c^2$. To lowest order, the Newtonian approx...
1995-11-20
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph", "gr-qc" ]
Sabino Matarrese, David Terranova
astro-ph/9511089
ASCA and ROSAT observations of the QSF3 field: the X-ray background in the 0.1--7 keV band
The X-ray background (XRB) from 0.1 to 7 keV has been studied using high spectral and spatial resolution data from the ASCA SIS and ROSAT PSPC. Analysing both the diffuse background radiation and resolved sources, we have carried out a series of joint spectral fits of the ASCA and ROSAT data. The spectrum of the XRB ca...
1995-11-20
2008-02-03
[ "astro-ph" ]
L.-W. Chen, A. C. Fabian and K. C. Gendreau
astro-ph/9511091
The Ionization Fraction in Dense Clouds
We present submillimeter observations of various molecular ions toward two dense clouds, NGC 2264 IRS1 and W 3 IRS5, in order to investigate their ionization fraction. Analysis of the line intensity ratios by the way of statistical equilibrium calculations allows determination of the physical parameters: n(H2)~(1-2)e6 ...
1995-11-20
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
C.B. de Boisanger, F.P. Helmich, E.F. van Dishoeck
astro-ph/9511092
Dynamo driven accretion discs and dwarf nova eruptions
We explore the consequences of a magnetic dynamo origin for the viscosity in accretion discs, for the structure and evolution of discs in dwarf nova systems. We propose that the rapid cooling that sets in at the end of a dwarf nova eruption acts to inhibit the Balbus-Hawley instability, and thereby to quench dynamo act...
1995-11-20
2016-01-27
[ "astro-ph" ]
P.J. Armitage, M. Livio and J.E. Pringle
astro-ph/9511090
Stability of spherical stellar systems II : Numerical results
We have performed a series of high resolution N-body experiments on a Connection Machine CM-5 in order to study the stability of collisionless self-gravitating spherical systems. We interpret our results in the framework of symplectic mechanics, which provides the definition of a new class of particular perturbations: ...
1995-11-20
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
J. Perez (SAP, CEA Saclay), J-M Alimi (LAEC, Observatoire de Meudon), J-J Aly (SAP, CEA Saclay), H.Scholl (Observatoire de Nice)
astro-ph/9511085
Perturbative Growth of Cosmological Clustering II: The Two Point Correlation
We use the BBGKY hierarchy equations to calculate, perturbatively, the lowest order nonlinear correction to the two point correlation and the pair velocity for Gaussian initial conditions in a critical density matter dominated cosmological model. We compare our results with the results obtained using the hydrodynamic e...
1995-11-19
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Somnath Bharadwaj(RRI,India)
astro-ph/9511087
Flat Dark Matter Dominated Models with Hybrid Adiabatic Plus Isocurvature Initial Conditions
We investigate the consequences of flat, dark-matter dominated cosmogonies with hybrid isocurvature and adiabatic initial perturbations and with Harrison-Zel'dovich primordial spectrum normalised to the $COBE$-DMR two-year measurements. We show that whilst the $COBE$-DMR data alone shows no preference for a specific ad...
1995-11-19
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
R.Stompor (CAMK), K.M. Gorski (GSFC), A.J. Banday (GSFC)
astro-ph/9511088
Silicon Burning I: Neutronization and the Physics of Quasi-Equilibrium
As the ultimate stage of stellar nucleosynthesis, and the source of the iron peak nuclei, silicon burning is important to our understanding of the evolution of massive stars and supernovae. Our reexamination of silicon burning, using results gleaned from simulation work done with a large nuclear network (299 nuclei and...
1995-11-19
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
W.R. Hix (CfA) and F.-K. Thielemann (Basel)
astro-ph/9511086
ROSAT Results on Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
We present a selection of ROSAT results on the morphology, the evolution, and the masses of galaxy clusters and groups. ROSAT provides the first complete X-ray view on the Virgo cluster: it reveals a complex structure similar to the optical appearance. Indications for ongoing evolution is found in a number of clusters ...
1995-11-19
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
S. Schindler
astro-ph/9511084
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect and the Value of Omega
We consider the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect as a probe of Omega_o: Using a self-consistent modeling of X-ray clusters, we examine the dependence of both the mean Compton y parameter and the SZ source counts on Omega_o. These quantities increase with decreasing Omega_o due to the earlier epoch of structure formation ...
1995-11-18
2011-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
D. Barbosa(1,2), J.G. Bartlett(1), A. Blanchard(1), J. Oukbir(3) ((1)Observatoire de Strasbourg, France, (2)Centro de Astrofisica, Porto, Portugal, (3)Saclay, France)
astro-ph/9511082
Analysis of Low z Absorbers in the QSO Spectra
We present the results of reanalysis of low z Mg II absorption line sample compiled by SS92. The conditions on cloud parameters to produce N(Fe II)>N(Mg II) are obtained using photoionization models and curve of growth. Properties of Mg II absorbers with W(Fe II)/W(MgII) (definded as R) >and< 0.5 are analysed separatel...
1995-11-18
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
R. Srianand
astro-ph/9511083
The Future of Galaxy Populations
What the future holds for the stellar populations of the Milky Way Galaxy may (optimistically) be predicted by study of their past histories, as written in the chemical abundance distributions, angular momentum distributions, velocity dispersion tensor, ages and spatial structure of their constituent older stars.
1995-11-18
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Rosemary F.G. Wyse
astro-ph/9511079
Improved limits on gamma ray burst repetition
We tighten previous upper limits on gamma ray burst repetition by analyzing the angular power spectrum of the BATSE 3B catalog of 1122 bursts. At 95% confidence, we find that no more than 2% of all observed bursts can be labeled as repeaters, even if no sources are observed to repeat more than once. If a fraction f of ...
1995-11-17
2009-10-07
[ "astro-ph" ]
Max Tegmark, Dieter Hartmann, Michael Briggs, Jon Hakkila & Charles Meegan
astro-ph/9511081
NLTE Modeling of SNe Ia Near Maximum Light
Modeling the atmospheres of SNe~Ia requires the solution of the NLTE radiative transfer equation. We discuss the formulation of the radiative transfer equation in the co-moving frame. For characteristic velocities larger than about 2000 km/s, the effects of advection on the synthetic spectra are non-negligible, and hen...
1995-11-17
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
E. Baron, P. H. Hauschildt, and A. Mezzacappa
astro-ph/9511080
A consistent explanation for $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C, $^7$Li, and $^3$He anomalies in red giant stars
The observations of carbon isotopic ratios in evolved stars suggest that non standard mixing is acting in low mass stars as they are ascending the red giant branch. We propose a simple consistent mechanism, based on the most recent developments in the description of rotation-induced mixing by Zahn (1992), which simulta...
1995-11-17
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Corinne Charbonnel
astro-ph/9511077
Long and Short GRB
We report evidence from the 3B Catalogue that short (T_90 < 10 s) and long (T_90 > 10 s) GRB represent different populations and processes: Their spectral behavior is qualitatively different, with short bursts harder in the BATSE range, but chiefly long bursts detected at higher photon energies; \langle V/V_max \rangle...
1995-11-16
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
J. I. Katz and L. M. Canel
astro-ph/9511072
Distribution of Blue Galaxies in a Merging Cluster of Galaxies Abell 168
The fraction of star-forming galaxies in rich clusters of galaxies increases rapidly with the redshift. This is interpreted as the result of a rapid evolution of cluster galaxies, though its mechanism is not yet clear. One hypothesis is that if galaxies run into the dense intracluster medium (ICM) regions, starbursts c...
1995-11-16
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
A. Tomita, F. E. Nakamura, T. Takata, K. Nakanishi, T. Takeuchi, K. Ohta and T. Yamada
astro-ph/9511073
Experimental limits on the contribution of sub-stellar and stellar objects to the galactic halo
EROS (Exp\'erience de Recherche d'Objets Sombres) has been monitoring the luminosity of 4 million stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud in order to search for gravitational microlensing by unseen objects in the galactic halo. We present here the results from 3 years of EROS Schmidt plates data. Two stars exhibit light cu...
1995-11-16
2008-02-03
[ "astro-ph" ]
R. Ansari, et al. (EROS collaboration)
astro-ph/9511078
Open Inflation
Open Inflation has recently been suggested as a possible way out of the age crisis caused by observations of a large rate of expansion of the universe, in conflict with the existence of very old globular clusters. It proposes that our local patch of the universe originated in a quantum tunneling event, with the formati...
1995-11-16
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Juan Garcia-Bellido
astro-ph/9511074
Collisions of Main-Sequence Stars and the Formation of Blue Stragglers in Globular Clusters
We report the results of new SPH calculations of parabolic collisions between two main-sequence stars in a globular cluster. Such collisions are directly relevant to the formation of blue stragglers. In particular, we consider parent stars of mass $M/M_{TO}=0.2,0.5,0.75$, and $1$, where $M_{TO}$ is the cluster turnoff ...
1995-11-16
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
J. C. Lombardi, F. A. Rasio, S. L. Shapiro
astro-ph/9511075
Contribution of Bremsstrahlung Emission from Lyman-alpha Clouds to the Microwave Background Fluctuations
I calculate the contribution of Bremsstrahlung emission from Lyman-alpha absorption clouds to the brightness of the microwave sky. The calculation is based only on the assumption that the clouds below the Lyman-limit are in photoionization equilibrium with a UV background radiation, and avoids any uncertainty about the...
1995-11-16
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Abraham Loeb (Harvard Univ.)
astro-ph/9511076
Sinking Satellites and Tilting Disk Galaxies
The infall of a satellite galaxy onto a galactic disk generally brings in angular momentum that is not aligned with the axis of the disk. The main dynamical issues addressed are what fraction of the orbital angular momentum of the satellite and the associated energy is added to the disk, as opposed to being left in the...
1995-11-16
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Siqin Huang and R. G. Carlberg
astro-ph/9511070
The Galaxy-Halo Connection: Present Status and Future Prospects
Review paper presented at the meeting "Formation of the Galactic Halo: Inside and Out", Tucson, October 1995.
1995-11-15
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Sidney van den Bergh
astro-ph/9511066
The Cluster Distribution as a Test of Dark Matter Models. III. the Cluster Velocity Field
We study the large-scale velocity fields traced by galaxy clusters in numerical simulations of a box of side 960 $h^{-1}$ Mpc, and compare them with available data on real clusters. In order to test the reliability of the simulations, which are based on an optimized version of the Zel'dovich approximation, we compare t...
1995-11-15
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Lauro Moscardini, Enzo Branchini, Paolo Tini Brunozzi, Stefano Borgani, Manolis Plionis, Peter Coles
astro-ph/9511063
The variable OVIII Warm Absorber in MCG-6-30-15
We present the results of a 4 day ASCA observation of the Seyfert galaxy MCG-6-30-15, focussing on the nature of the X-ray absorption by the warm absorber, characterizd by the K-edges of the intermediately ionized oxygen, OVII and OVIII. We confirm that the column density of OVIII changes on a timescale of $\sim 10^4$~...
1995-11-15
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
C. Otani, T. Kii, C.S. Reynolds, A.C. Fabian, K. Iwasawa, K. Hayashida, H. Inoue, H. Kunieda, F. Makino, M. Matsuoka, Y. Tanaka
astro-ph/9511071
A Method to Estimate the Primordial Power Spectrum from CMB Data
A precise determination of the primordial spectrum of matter density fluctuations at super-horizon scales is essential in understanding large scale structure in the universe. Attempts to constrain or obtain the primordial spectrum using data on cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies has relied on statistical an...
1995-11-15
2008-11-26
[ "astro-ph" ]
Rafael Bautista (Univ. de los Andes,Bogota), Sergio Torres (Observatorio Astronomico, Bogota)
astro-ph/9511069
VLA Observations of Ultraluminous IRAS Galaxies: Active Nuclei or Starbursts?
We employed the Very Large Array (VLA) of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in C configuration to map 39 ultraluminous IRAS galaxies at 6~cm and 20~cm, at resolutions of ~ 4" and 15", respectively, and 24 sources at 6~cm with in the A configuration with a resolution of ~0.5". Most of the sources have radio spect...
1995-11-15
2008-11-26
[ "astro-ph" ]
Thomas Crawford, Jon Marr, Bruce Partridge, and Michael Strauss
astro-ph/9511065
A Sample-oriented Catalogue of BL Lacertae Objects
We present a catalogue of 233 BL Lacertae objects compiled through an extensive bibliographic search updated to mid-1995. A large fraction of the sources listed in the catalogue belongs to well-defined samples and can be used for statistical purposes. A smaller fraction consists of miscellaneous (but confirmed) BL Lacs...
1995-11-15
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Paolo Padovani and Paolo Giommi
astro-ph/9511064
On Self-Similar Global Textures in an expanding Universe
We discuss self-similar solutions to $O(4)$ textures in Minkowski space and in flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker backgrounds. We show that in the Minkowski case there exist no solutions with winding number greater than unity. However, we find besides the known solution with unit winding number also previously unknown sol...
1995-11-15
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Stefan {\AA}minneborg and Lars Bergstr\"om (Stockholm University)
astro-ph/9511068
The distribution of pairwise peculiar velocities in the nonlinear regime
The distribution of pairwise, relative peculiar velocities, $f(u;r)$, on small nonlinear scales, $r$, is derived from the Press--Schechter approach. This derivation assumes that Press--Schechter clumps are virialized and isothermal. The virialized assumption requires that the circular velocity, $V_c \propto M^{1/3}$, w...
1995-11-15
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ravi K. Sheth, U.C. Berkeley
astro-ph/9511067
Modelling the spectro-photometric and chemical evolution of Low Surface Brightness spiral galaxies
We investigate the star formation history and chemical evolution of Low Surface Brightness (LSB) spiral galaxies by means of their observed spectro-photometric and chemical properties. We present preliminary results for Johnson-Cousins UBVRI magnitudes and stellar [O/H] abundance ratios using a galactic chemical evolut...
1995-11-15
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
L.B. van den Hoek and W.J.G. de Blok
astro-ph/9511058
The Influence of Environmental Effects on Galaxy Formation
These notes collect together current work on the effect of the environment on galaxy formation and evolution. They are broken into four distinct parts. The first deals with the observational debate surrounding the question of whether galaxies are initially created the same and have only recently been modified by their ...
1995-11-14
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Richard G Bower (Univ. Durham, UK)
astro-ph/9511060
X-ray detection of SN1988Z with the ROSAT HRI
We report the detection of SN1988Z in X-rays with the ROSAT High Resolution Imager. The inferred X-ray luminosity of about $10^{41}\ergps$ can be well explained by assuming that the supernova occurred in a dense circumstellar medium, consistent with optical observations. SN1988Z is the most distant supernova yet detect...
1995-11-14
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
A.C. Fabian and R. Terlevich
astro-ph/9511059
The spectra of accretion discs in low-mass X-ray binaries
We present self-consistent models for the radiative transfer in Shakura-Sunyaev accretion discs in bright low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB). Our calculations include the full effects of incoherent Compton scattering and the vertical temperature structure within the disc, as well as the effects of Doppler blurring and grav...
1995-11-14
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
R.R. Ross and A.C. Fabian
astro-ph/9511062
Likelihood Methods and Classical Burster Repetition
We develop a likelihood methodology which can be used to search for evidence of burst repetition in the BATSE catalog, and to study the properties of the repetition signal. We use a simplified model of burst repetition in which a number $N_{\rm r}$ of sources which repeat a fixed number of times $N_{\rm rep}$ are super...
1995-11-14
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Carlo Graziani and Donald Q. Lamb
astro-ph/9511061
A Tolman Surface Brightness Test for Universal Expansion, and the Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies in Distant Clusters
We use the intercept of the elliptical galaxy radius--surface brightness (SB) relation at a fixed metric radius as the standard condition for the Tolman SB test of the universal expansion. We use surface photometry in the optical and near-IR of elliptical galaxies in Abell~2390 ($z=0.23$) and Abell~851 ($z=0.41$), and ...
1995-11-14
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
M. A. Pahre, S. G. Djorgovski, and R. R. de Carvalho (Palomar Observatory, Caltech)
astro-ph/9511054
On the Formation and Evolution of Common Envelope Systems
We discuss the formation of a common envelope system following dynamically unstable mass transfer in a close binary, and the subsequent dynamical evolution and final fate of the envelope. We base our discussion on new three-dimensional SPH calculations that we have performed for a close binary system containing a $4\,M...
1995-11-13
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Frederic A. Rasio (MIT), Mario Livio (STScI)
astro-ph/9511050
The Kinematics of Emission-Line Galaxies in Clusters from ENACS
Summary - By using the data from the ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey (ENACS), we have studied the properties of emission-line galaxies (ELG) in clusters. The fraction of ELG in clusters is 16~\%; this fraction is slightly dependent on the cluster velocity dispersion, being larger for ``colder'' systems. ELG tend to occ...
1995-11-13
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
A. Biviano, P. Katgert, A. Mazure, M. Moles, R. den Hartog, P. Focardi
astro-ph/9511055
Comments on "Limits on Dark Matter Using Ancient Mica"
To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. together with the author's Reply.
1995-11-13
2008-11-26
[ "astro-ph", "hep-ph" ]
J. I. Collar (Univ. of South Carolina)
astro-ph/9511057
Pursuing Parameters for Critical Density Dark Matter Models
We present an extensive comparison of models of structure formation with observations, based on linear and quasi-linear theory. We assume a critical matter density, and study both cold dark matter models and cold plus hot dark matter models. We explore a wide range of parameters, by varying the fraction of hot dark mat...
1995-11-13
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph", "hep-ph" ]
Andrew R Liddle, David H Lyth, R K Schaefer, Q Shafi and Pedro T P Viana
astro-ph/9511051
The ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey. I. Description of the Dataset and Definition of Physical Systems
Summary - We describe the results of the ESO Key-programme on `Structure and Dynamics of Rich Galaxy Clusters' (or ENACS). The final database contains a total of 5634 galaxies in the directions of 107 clusters from the ACO catalogue with richness $R\ge 1$ and mean redshifts $z \le 0.1$. Of the 5634 redshifts, 4465 are ...
1995-11-13
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
P. Katgert, A. Mazure, J. Perea, R. den Hartog, et al
astro-ph/9511053
Sampling Effects on Cosmological Dipoles
We use numerical simulations to investigate the behaviour of the dipole moment of the spatial distribution of different kinds of mass tracers. We select density peaks of the simulated matter distribution with mean separations of 38 and 30 $h^{-1}$ Mpc to represent two samples of rich clusters of galaxies. We extract, f...
1995-11-13
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
V. Kolokotronis, M. Plionis, P. Coles, S. Borgani and L. Moscardini
astro-ph/9511052
The ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey. II. The Distribution of Velocity Dispersions of Rich Galaxy Clusters
Summary - By combining the 5634 redshifts from the ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey (the ENACS) with another 1000 redshifts from the literature we are able to study the distribution of velocity dispersions for a volume-limited sample of 128 $R_{\rm ACO} \geq 1$ clusters, out to a redshift $z=0.1$, in a solid angle of 2....
1995-11-13
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
A. Mazure, P. Katgert, R. den Hartog, A. Biviano et al
astro-ph/9511056
Effect of Large-Scale Structure on Multiply Imaged Sources
We study the effects of large-scale density fluctuations on strong gravitational lensing. Previous studies have focused mostly on weak lensing, since large-scale structure alone cannot produce multiple images. When a galaxy or cluster acts as a primary lens, however, we find that large-scale structure can produce asymm...
1995-11-13
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Rennan Bar-Kana (Physics Dept., MIT, Cambridge, MA)
astro-ph/9511049
Structure and kinematical properties of the Galaxy at intermediate galactic latitudes
We have carried out a sample survey in UBVR photometry and proper motions in different directions in the Galaxy, as part of an investigation of galactic structure and evolution. Three fields in the direction of galactic anticentre, centre and antirotation have been surveyed. Using our new data together with wide-area s...
1995-11-12
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Devendra Ojha, Olivier Bienayme, Annie Robin, Michel Creze, Vijay Mohan
astro-ph/9511048
Analysis of Ly ${\alpha}$ absorption lines in the vicinity of QSOs
We have compiled, from the literature, a sample of Ly ${\alpha}$ forest lines in the spectra of 69 QSOs, all observed with a resolution between 60 to 100 km s$^{-1}$. The sample is studied for proximity effect. We have tried to account for the effect of blending which is inherent in the intermediate resolution sample, ...
1995-11-12
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
R. Srianand and Pushpa Khare
astro-ph/9511047
SNI: a new mechanism for gamma ray burst. I.Weak magnetic field
We propose a new mechanism for high energy gamma ray burst in Supernova type I (SNI) explosion. Presupernova is assumed to be a binary system comprised of a red giant and a white dwarf with a wind accretion. The accretion flow terminates by the accretion shock in the vicinity of the white dwarf at the distance of the o...
1995-11-11
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
V.S. Berezinsky, P. Blasi, B.I. Hnatyk
astro-ph/9511046
The role of thermal instabilities on the theoretical mass function of MACHOs
We analyze the primordial protogalactic gas to investigate the role of thermal instabilities in the formation of condensations that could contribute to the MACHO mass function. We find that the previrialized protogalaxy could have undergone a thermally unstable regime which defines a peak in mass condensations starting...
1995-11-10
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
E.M.de Gouveia Dal Pino, J.E.Horvath and J.A.de Freitas Pacheco
astro-ph/9511041
The Nature of Dark Matter
The dynamics of the universe may be dominated by novel weakly interacting elementary particles, by baryons in an invisible form, by black holes, and globally by vacuum energy. The main arguments for and against such hypotheses are reviewed.
1995-11-10
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Georg G. Raffelt (MPI f. Physik, Munich)
astro-ph/9511040
A Group of Galaxies at Redshift 2.38
We report the discovery of a group of galaxies at redshift 2.38. We imaged about 10% of a claimed supercluster of QSO absorption-lines at z=2.38 (Francis & Hewett 1993). In this small field (2 arcmin radius) we detect two Ly-alpha emitting galaxies. The discovery of two such galaxies in our tiny field supports Francis ...
1995-11-10
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Paul Francis (Melbourne), Bruce Woodgate (NASA Goddard), Steve Warren (Imperial College), Palle Moller (STScI), Marg Mazzolini (Melbourne), Andy Bunker (Oxford), James Lowenthal (Lick), Ted Williams (Rutgers), Takeo Minezaki, Yukiyasu Kobayashi, Yuzuru Yoshii (Tokyo)
astro-ph/9511043
The 218 day period of the peculiar late B-type star HD 101584
We have searched for periodicity in the photometric and spectroscopic variations of the enigmatic star HD 101584 and found a long-term variability on a typical time scale of 1700 days (4.7 years) and a highly significant period of 218+-0.7 day. This period is most prominently present in the photometric indices which ar...
1995-11-10
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Eric J. Bakker, Henny J.G.L.M. Lamers, L.B.F.M. Waters, Christoffel Waelkens
astro-ph/9511045
Cosmology and galactic rotation curves
We explore the possibility that the entire departure of galactic rotational velocities from their luminous Newtonian expectation be cosmological in origin, and show that within the framework of conformal gravity (but not Einstein gravity apparently) every static observer sees the overall Hubble flow as a local universa...
1995-11-10
2016-08-30
[ "astro-ph" ]
Philip D. Mannheim (University of Connecticut)
astro-ph/9511042
Doppler peaks from active perturbations
We examine how the qualitative structure of the Doppler peaks in the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave anisotropy depends on the fundamental nature of the perturbations which produced them. The formalism of Hu and Sugiyama is extended to treat models with cosmic defects. We discuss how perturbations can be...
1995-11-10
2010-04-08
[ "astro-ph" ]
Joao Magueijo (MRAO/DAMTP), Andreas Albrecht (Imperial College), David Coulson (Penn), Pedro Ferreira (CfPA-Berkeley)
astro-ph/9511044
Cooling Flows and Metallicity Gradients in Clusters of Galaxies
The X-ray emission by hot gas at the centers of clusters of galaxies is commonly modeled assuming the existence of steady-state, inhomogeneous cooling flows. We derive the metallicity profiles of the intracluster medium expected from such models. The inflowing gas is chemically enriched by type Ia supernovae and stella...
1995-11-10
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Andreas Reisenegger, Jordi Miralda-Escude, and Eli Waxman
astro-ph/9511037
Dense Molecular Clouds In The Galactic Center Region : I. HCN (J=1$-$0) DATA
The Galactic Center regions $-6^\circ \le l \le 6^\circ$ and $-0.8^\circ \le b \le 0.87^\circ$ are surveyed with HCN J=1$-$0 line (88.6 GHz) on a 4$'$ grid with the 14 m telescope at the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory. The data complement the previous $^{13}$CO, CS, and H$_2$CO measurements (Bally \etal 1988, Zylka...
1995-11-09
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Chang Won Lee
astro-ph/9511036
Baryonic Dark Halos: A Model with MACHOS and Cold Gas Globules
The dark matter in the halos of galaxies may well be baryonic, and much of the mass within them could be in the form of clusters of substellar objects within which are embedded cold gas globules. Such halos might play an active role in galaxy formation and evolution.
1995-11-09
2011-04-15
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ortwin Gerhard (Astron.Inst, Univ.Basel, CH) and Joseph Silk (Dpt.Astron.&Phys., Univ.Calif., Berkeley, USA)
astro-ph/9511038
Variable stars in the field of the old open cluster NGC 2243
We report results of photometric monitoring of the NGC 2243 field in V and $I$ filters. Two W~UMa-type systems and three detached eclipsing binaries were discovered. Both contact systems are likely members of the cluster. One of detached binaries - variable V1 - has a period P=1.188 day. This variable is located at the...
1995-11-09
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Janusz Kaluzny (Warsaw University), Wojciech Krzeminski (Las Campanas Observatory), Beata Mazur (Copernicus Astronomical Center)
astro-ph/9511035
Heavy Elements in the Lyman-$\alpha$\ Forest: Abundances and Clustering at z=3
For the purpose of studying the properties of heavy-elements associated with the Lyman-$\alpha$\ forest, we observed the gravitational lens Q1422+2309. We used the HIRES instrument on the W.M. Keck telescope to obtain a high-resolution, very high signal-to-noise spectrum of this z=3.63 quasar; the spectrum covers wavel...
1995-11-09
2016-01-27
[ "astro-ph" ]
D.S. Womble, W.L.W. Sargent, R.S. Lyons (California Institute of Technology)
astro-ph/9511039
Horizontal Branch Stellar Evolution
I review aspects of the evolution of horizontal branch (HB) stars. I start by discussing current topics in the study of HB stellar evolution, including a brief review of the main determinants of the structure of low-mass core helium burning stars and of HB morphology. I describe the `first' and `second' parameter effec...
1995-11-09
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ben Dorman (LASP-NASA/GSFC)
astro-ph/9511029
Metric perturbations in two-field inflation
We study the metric perturbations produced during inflation in models with two scalar fields evolving simultaneously. In particular, we emphasize how the large-scale curvature perturbation $\zeta$ on fixed energy density hypersurfaces may not be conserved in general for multiple field inflation due to the presence of e...
1995-11-08
2016-08-24
[ "astro-ph", "gr-qc" ]
Juan Garcia-Bellido and David Wands
astro-ph/9511034
Rates for Color Shifted Microlensing Events
If the objects responsible for gravitational microlensing (ML) of Galactic-bulge stars are faint dwarfs, then blended light from the lens will distort the shape of the ML light curve and shift the color of the observed star during the event. The resolution in current surveys is not accurate enough to observe this effec...
1995-11-08
2009-10-28
[ "astro-ph" ]
Ari Buchalter, Marc Kamionkowski, and R. Michael Rich
astro-ph/9511031
SPH simulations of tidally unstable accretion disks in cataclysmic variables
We numerically study the precessing disk model for superhump in the SU~UMa subclass of cataclysmic variables, using a two dimensional SPH code specifically designed for thin disk problems. Two disk simulations for a binary with mass ratio $q=\frac{3}{17}$ (similar to OY~Car) are performed, in order to investigate the...
1995-11-08
2015-06-24
[ "astro-ph" ]
James R. Murray
astro-ph/9511028
The clustering of warm and cool IRAS galaxies
We use a series of statistical techniques to compare the clustering of samples of IRAS galaxies selected on the basis of their far-infrared emission temperature, to see whether a temperature-dependent effect, such as might be produced by interaction-induced star formation, could be responsible for the increase in clust...
1995-11-08
2007-05-23
[ "astro-ph" ]
Bob Mann (QMW), Will Saunders (Oxford), Andy Taylor (Edinburgh)