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2556c898769217aaeac3d9145f6dc03d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiesola/2016/01/08/germany-cost-refugees/ | Here's Why Welcoming Refugees Is A Sound Economic Investment As Well As A Moral Imperative | Here's Why Welcoming Refugees Is A Sound Economic Investment As Well As A Moral Imperative
A record high influx of refugees into Germany made headlines this week, as the Ministry of the Interior revealed that 1.1 million people registered as asylum seekers in 2015. Although that number is staggering, research suggests that Germany can afford to accept high numbers, and that the migrants will start benefiting Germany's economy faster than one might think.
Just under half the arrivals were from Syria, and more than 150,000 were Afghans. Iraqis were the third-largest group, with more than 120,000 new arrivals, according to AFP. The Interior Minister says the 1.1 million figure includes people who have registered twice, or were just passing through Germany en route to the Scandinavian countries. But the high number has raised concerns about the cost of processing, feeding, housing, educating and generally absorbing hundreds of thousands of refugees.
Katie Sola, Datawrapper
Some academics argue that Germany needs an influx of young workers. "Germany's economic strength, a demographic decline and the need for labor all contribute to the welcoming of migrants including refugees," Olaf Kleist of the Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies at the University of Osnabrueck told Bloomberg View last year.
That said, it's expensive to accept refugees. The German Council of Economic Experts estimated that it would cost approximately $23 billion to care for the refugees in 2015. “That figure includes accommodation, food, creches, schools, German language courses, training and administration,” the director of the Ifo Center for International Economics said in November. As Europe's largest economy, Germany can afford it, the report added.
However, calculating the economic impact of refugees based solely on the benefits they receive is "false and misleading," according to a November study by Marcel Fratzscher, President of the German Institute for Economic Research and Simon Junker, Deputy Head of Department of Forecasting and Economic Policy for the same organization. These experts argue that absorbing refugees is a good investment in the future, as well as a humanitarian act.
Fratzscher and Junker begin with the assumption that 5.25 million refugees will enter Germany by the end of 2020. According to current data, 72.7% of them will be of working age, and a high proportion are young men -- a group highly inclined to work. Even so, the researchers predict high unemployment among refugees due to a lack of qualifications and language abilities. Even as they overcome those obstacles, unemployment rates are likely to remain higher among refugees than in the general population.
Even so, Fratzscher and Junker expect refugees to benefit the economy and the people already living in Germany by increasing supply and demand. The new workers will stimulate corporate production, and also increase demand for all kind of services, thus benefiting local businesses. The refugees who do not or cannot work will still spend their benefits, sending that cash back into the economy.
The people living in Germany will benefit from increased consumer demand and refugees' entrepreneurial activities. In the economists' pessimistic scenario, it will take 10 years for people living in Germany to benefit from increased per capita income. In the best case, it could take just four or five years for refugees to start improving the economy.
Fratzscher and Junker describe spending on refugees as an "investment in the future," one that will pay off sooner than expected.
Opponents of refugee absorption focus on the short-term costs of settling new arrivals, and the perceived threat refugees pose to Germany's social cohesion. Others argue that welcoming refugees is a moral imperative. As tempers flare, it's useful to consider spending on refugees as what Fratzscher and Junker call an "investment in the future," one that will pay off sooner than expected.
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0076bbda481ea7560b37b365a5209ffd | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiesola/2016/03/05/here-are-the-states-with-the-most-billionaires/ | Here Are The States With The Most Billionaires | Here Are The States With The Most Billionaires
By Katie Sola and Emily Canal
There are 540 billionaires in the United States, with a combined net worth of $2.399 trillion, according to our 2016 list of the world’s richest people. That’s more billionaires and more combined net worth than any other nation in the world.
This is a snapshot of billionaire net worth in every state in America where they live, taken on Feb. 12. Who are the billionaires in your state? How many are there, and what are they worth? What industries do they gravitate towards?
Gallery: The States With The Most Billionaires 44 images View gallery
Technology generated the majority of California’s billionaire wealth, New York billionaires earned their fortunes on Wall Street, and energy minted the billionaires of Texas. In terms of combined billionaire net worth, California and New York still lead the U.S., but Washington state usurps Texas, thanks to a certain famous tech giant-turned-philanthropist.
Seven states don’t have billionaires, but you can find their richest residents here. Sixteen American billionaires live overseas, and have a combined net worth of $46.4 billion, about as much as the billionaires of Connecticut or Illinois.
Arizona
(MLADEN ANTONOV/AFP/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 9
Billionaire net worth: $22.3B
Industry with most billionaires: Automotive
The three richest men in the state of Arizona all made their money on automobiles. Bruce Halle ($5.4B), Mark Shoen ($4.6B) and E. Joe Shoen ($1.1B) have a combined net worth of $11.1 billion, but built their fortunes from different two very different components of vehicles. Halle opened the first Discount Tire Store in 1960, and has grown the business to more than 900 stores in 28 states. Shoen is the largest individual shareholder of U-Haul. His parents created the company in 1945 and Shoen served as president for 16 years starting in 1990. His brother Joe is the second-largest stakeholder and has been chairman and CEO since 1986.
Arkansas
About 84% of the $71.8 billion net worth of Arkansas’ billionaires is derived from Wal-Mart... [+] (FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images).
Billionaire population: 5
Billionaire net worth:$71.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Fashion and retail
About 84% of the $71.8 billion net worth of Arkansas’ billionaires is derived from Wal-Mart. The state has five billionaires, but $65.5 billion belongs to two men. S. Robson Walton and Jim Walton are both chairmen for Wal-Mart, but Jim is also the CEO of the company his father created. But Arkansas isn’t just about Wal-Mart: three people with significant fortunes live in the state. Warren Stephens ($2.4B), Johnelle Hunt ($2.1B) and John Tyson ($1.8B) together have a combined net worth of $6.3 billion.
California
(Photo by Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 124
Billionaire net worth: $532.4B
Industry with most billionaires: Technology
California has the highest population of billionaires in the United States. A whopping 124 live in the state and have a total net worth of $532.4 billion. The state’s technology industry a major source of many of those fortunes, including those of the created the five richest people in California. Mark Zuckerberg is the wealthiest among them, with a net worth of $44.6 billion, followed by Larry Ellison ($43.6B), Larry Page ($35.2B), Sergey Brin ($34.4B) and Laurene Powell Jobs ($16.7B). In all, 52 billionaires derive their wealth from the tech sector, more than any other industry in the state. Finance and investments (21 billionaires), media and entertainment (18 billionaires), and real estate (12 billionaires) also produced some of California’s wealthiest people.
Colorado
(Photo by Kevork Djansezian/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 10
Billionaire net worth: $38.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Media and entertainment, Food and beverage
Colorado may be known for recreation -- traditionally for mountain sports, and more recently for the legal sale of marijuana -- but that’s not necessarily reflected in its billionaire population. Of the state’s 10 billionaires, three derive their wealth from the food and beverage industry, and another three got rich in the satellite and cable television business. The richest man of the state is Charles Ergen, a self-made mogul who is worth $12.2 billion. He got his start selling satellite dishes from the back of his truck in Denver with his wife in 1980. Now he’s the CEO of DISH Network, but still finds time for mountain climbing.
Connecticut
This Greenwich, Connecticut home was listed at $33 million in 2015. The median home price in the... [+] area was $3.31 million at that time. (Realtor.com)
Billionaire population: 12
Billionaire net worth: $50.3B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
Greenwich, Connecticut, is one of the most expensive places to live in America, with a median home price of $2.95 million. It’s not surprising that eight of Connecticut’s 12 billionaires live there, including the richest men in the state, Ray Dalio ($15.6B net worth) and Steve Cohen ($12.7B). Ten of the dozen richest people in the state are self-made, and most of them earned their fortunes in finance and investments. The combined net worth of Connecticut’s billionaires $50.3 billion.
Florida
Russ Weiner, one of Florida’s billionaires, founded Rockstar Energy Drink in 2002. (Photograph by... [+] Ethan Pines/The Forbes Collection)
Billionaire population: 44
Billionaire net worth: $126.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Food and beverage
The 44 billionaires living in Florida have a collective net worth of $126.6 billion, and 27 made their own fortunes. The group of self-starters has a total net worth of $82.7 billion and includes the richest man in the state, Thomas Peterffy ($11.1B). He arrived in the U.S. in 1965 as a penniless descendant of Hungarian aristocrats who lost their fortune to the Soviets. He is now the chairman and CEO of Interactive Brokers Group. Another self-made billionaire of Florida is Shahid Khan ($5.9B). He came to the U.S. from Pakistan when he was 16 and created autoparts maker Flex-N-Gate. The privately-held company has nearly $4.9 billion in sales.
Georgia
Georgia is home to the billionaire whose wealth derives from Chick-Fil-A. (Michael Nagle/Bloomberg)
Billionaire population: 9
Billionaire net worth: $30.5B
Industry with most billionaires: Media and entertainment, Food and beverage, Fashion and retail, Service
Like Wyoming, Georgia is home to two pairs of billionaire siblings who inherited wealth. Pest-control billionaires Gary (net worth $2.5B) and Randall Rollins ($2.5B) live here, along with Dan ($3.3B) and Bubba Cathy ($3.3B), whose wealth derives from Chick-Fil-A. Self-made individuals like the co-founders of Home Depot ($3.3B) and Spanx billionaire Sara Blakely ($1.1B) complete the state’s nine billionaires.
Hawaii
(KENT NISHIMURA/AFP/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $7.2B
Industry with most billionaires: Technology
With its idyllic setting and tropical weather, it’s surprising only one billionaire calls Hawaii his home. Pierre Omidyar, who is worth $7.2 billion, lives in Honolulu. The eBay founder remains on the board of the auction website and PayPal, but has been slowly giving his shares in the companies to his philanthropic investment firm Omidyar Network. Despite making his fortune from technology, Omidyar has big real estate plans for the state, with plans to develop resorts and homes on the islands.
Idaho
(EMMANUEL DUNAND/AFP/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 3
Billionaire net worth: $5.5B
Industry with most billionaires: Manufacturing
The three billionaires in the state of Idaho are all members of one family and work in the same business. Scott, Don and Gay Simplot have a combined net worth of $5.5 billion that derives from Simplot, a supplier of potatoes, vegetables and fruit products for the food service industry. Scott serves as the chairman and CEO, while his sister Gay is a director. Don no longer has an active role in the company. In 2008, Simplot supplied a third of America’s French fries. The company has also expanded into phosphate mining and the manufacturing of fertilizer.
Illinois
(Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 17
Billionaire net worth: $43.9B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
Thirteen of Illinois’ 17 wealthiest people live in Chicago. The richest person in Illinois is Ken Griffin (net worth $7.5B) who, like 11 other billionaires in the state, made his own fortune. Griffin, the founder of the hedge fund firm Citadel, topped the 2016 Forbes list of highest-earning hedge fund managers and traders, personally making $1.7 billion. But he’s not the only Illinoisan who is making big moves. Real estate investor Sam Zell (net worth $4.8B) closed a massive deal in January 2016 in which he sold 20% of his Equity Residential portfolio -- about 23,000 apartments -- to Starwood Capital.
Indiana
(AP Photo/Julie Jacobson)
Billionaire population: 4
Billionaire net worth: $12.3B
Industry with most billionaires: Sports
There are four billionaires in the state of Indiana, and two own local sports teams. Herbert Simon (net worth $2.8B), is the surviving brother of an entrepreneurial duo that founded the Simon Property Group and grew it to be one of the world’s largest REITs. The Simon brothers later bought the NBA’s Indiana Pacers, a team which has doubled in value in the past year. James Irsay (net worth $2.3B) is the CEO of the Indianapolis Colts, the football team he inherited from his father. The combined net worth of Indiana billionaires is $12.3 billion.
Iowa
(Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $3.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Food and beverage
It’s no wonder that the only billionaire from Iowa made his fortune from the state’s biggest commodity. Harry Stine, who is worth $3.6 billion, earned his wealth from the corn and agriculture business. He licenses his corn and soybean seed genetics to multinational firms like Monsanto. Stine is also working to revolutionize the corn industry by creating seeds that are bred to thrive in densely planted areas, increasing harvests. State farmers were expected to grow 2.5 billion bushels of corn in 2015, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Kansas
Forbes media
Billionaire population: 2
Billionaire net worth: $41.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Diversified, Technology
The ninth richest person in the world and one of the most politically influential men in the U.S. has made his home in Kansas. Charles Koch, the CEO of multinational corporation Koch Industries, is worth $39.6 billion. The firm he manages is valued at $100 billion and is the second-largest private company in America. Koch is one of two billionaires in the state. Min Kao is the other and has a net worth of $2.2 billion. Kao is chairman and CEO of GPS-maker Garmin, which sold more than 141 million products but continues to face difficult competition from smartphones.
Kentucky
(Photo by Rob Carr/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $2.2B
Industry with most billionaires: Service
B. Wayne Hughes is one of 27 billionaires in the United States to have made a fortune in the service industry. He founded the world’s largest self-storage chain in 1972, and serves as Public Storage’s chairman emeritus. He saw room to grow during the financial crisis, and bought up single-family homes to renovate and rent as the market improved.
Louisiana
(Photo by Sean Gardner/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $2.2B
Industry with most billionaires: Sports
Louisiana billionaire Tom Benson started off as a bookkeeper at a Chevrolet dealership in New Orleans, gradually funneling his earnings into his own string of dealerships, then local banks, and eventually, sports teams. Benson bought the New Orleans Saints in 1985 and later acquired the New Orleans Pelican basketball team in 2012. He also owns a 26-story office building and Champions Square, an outdoor entertainment venue near the Superdome arena.
Maine
(AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.1B
Industry with most billionaires: Fashion and retail
The state best known for lobsters and summer vacations has one billionaire, Bill Alfond, who is worth $1.1 billion. Alfond’s father founded the Dexter Shoe Company in 1958, and after selling millions of boots and shoes per year, sold the firm for a chunk of Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway in 1993. Bill Alfond and his siblings made their fortunes by increasing the value of those shares, while their father turned to philanthropy in his later years, donating millions to state universities and hospitals.
Maryland
Billionaire Dan Snyder is the owner of the Washington Redskins and lives in Maryland. (AP... [+] Photo/David Richard)
Billionaire population: 8
Billionaire net worth: $23.4B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments, Sports
The richest man in Maryland is on the short list of developers striving to build a new headquarters for the FBI. Ted Lerner, who is worth $5.5 billion, borrowed $250 from his wife to start his real estate company in 1952. After selling 22,000 homes, he became a builder and now owns 20 million square feet of retail and commercial space, hotels and 7,000 apartments. While Lerner’s success in real estate is remarkable, there are other industries in the state that have more billionaires: sports, for example. Dan Snyder (net worth $2.1B), the owner of the Washington Redskins, and Stephen Bisciotti ($3B), the owner of the Baltimore Ravens, both live in the state.
Massachusetts
Abigail Johnson of Massachusetts is the richest person in her state. (Daniel Barry/Bloomberg News)
Billionaire population: 10
Billionaire net worth: $39.2B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
Abigail Johnson of Massachusetts the richest person in her state, a rare title for an American woman. Just eight U.S. women are richest individual in their state. Johnson, who is worth $13.1 billion, began working for Fidelity when she was in college. She became a full-time employee in 1988 and took over as CEO in 2014. She replaced her father Edward Johnson, who is the second richest person in the state with a fortune of $7.2 billion. The Johnsons’ combined net worths make up more than half of Massachusetts’ $39.2 billion total billionaire net worth.
Michigan
Brothers Hank and Doug Meijer are the co-chairmen of Meijer and the richest people in Michigan.... [+] (Photo via Newscom)
Billionaire population: 11
Billionaire net worth: $36.2B
Industry with most billionaires: Healthcare
Out of the 11 billionaires living in Michigan, seven are self-made, with a combined net worth of $21.2 billion. That’s about 59% of the state’s total billionaire net worth ($36.2B). But despite that, the richest people in the state initially inherited their wealth and continue to grow it through their family business. Brothers Hank and Doug Meijer are the co-chairmen (Hank is also the CEO) of Meijer, a big-box store chain with more than 200 locations in six states. Meijer is the 19th-largest private company in America, with estimates sales of $15.75 billion. The brothers have been in charge since their father handed over the business in 1990.
Minnesota
The MacMillian family makes up three out of the five billionaires in Minnesota and derive their... [+] wealth from Cargill. (Noah Friedman-Rudovsky/Bloomberg)
Billionaire population: 5
Billionaire net worth: $10.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Food and beverage
The MacMillian family makes up three out of the five billionaires in Minnesota. With a combined net worth of $6.7 billion, the clan members derive their wealth from Cargill, the international food conglomerate that was founded in Minnesota in 1865 and is now the largest privately held corporation in the United States. Whitney MacMillian (net worth $4.7B) was the last family member to serve as CEO, retiring in 1995. Martha and John MacMillian are also billionaires, each worth $1 billion.
Missouri
John Morris, the founder of Bass Pro Shops, lives in Missouri. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
Billionaire population: 6
Billionaire net worth: $28.5B
Industry with most billionaires: Fashion and retail
Missouri’s six billionaires have an aggregate net worth of $28.5 billion, derived from a variety of industries. They made money by selling outdoors equipment like John Morris, or through inheriting retail billions like Wal-Mart heiress Ann Walton Kroenke. The state’s richest person is her husband Stanley Kroenke. he owns a roster of sports teams, but is probably best-known as the man who is bringing the NFL’s Rams back to Los Angeles from St. Louis, where the franchise has been since 1995.
Montana
(Jacob W. Frank)
Billionaire population: 4
Billionaire net worth: $14B
Industry with most billionaires: Food and beverage
Montana’s top billionaire-making industry is food and beverages, where two of its four billionaires derived their fortunes. Siblings Austen Cargill and Marianne Liebmann are two of 14 heirs to the Cargill-Macmillan food and commodities fortune, with net worths of $3.2 billion each. Linda Pritzker uses her $1.8 billion inherited wealth to bring Tibetan philosophy to Americans, and is building a Buddhist retreat in Montana. Dennis Washington, the state’s only self-made billionaire, made his fortune in mining and construction and is worth $5.8 billion.
Nebraska
Photograph by Michael Prince/The Forbes Collection
Billionaire population: 2
Billionaire net worth: $64.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments, Energy
Both of Nebraska’s billionaires are self-made, and superstar investor Warren Buffett dominates the state’s billionaire wealth. He has a net worth of $60.8 billion, derived from astute investments through his company Berkshire Hathaway, the fifth largest corporation in the United States. Buffett made the biggest deal of his career in 2015, when Berkshire Hathaway paid $37 billion for industrial and aerospace parts maker Precision Castparts. His longtime friend and fellow Nebraska native Walter Scott is worth $3.8 billion. Scott got his start at his father’s construction company, and partnered with Berkshire Hathaway to invest in an electric and gas utility.
Nevada
(David Paul Morris/Bloomberg)
Billionaire population: 8
Billionaire net worth: $40.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Gambling and casinos
It’s no surprise that casinos and gambling supply most of Nevada’s $40.8 billion in billionaire wealth, but the odds are you didn’t know that seven of the state’s eight billionaires are self-made. Sheldon Adelson is the state’s richest person, with a $25.2 billion fortune made by running the Las Vegas Sands casino group, with properties in Las Vegas, Macao, Singapore and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He is known as the “godfather” of the GOP, having spent more than $100 million on Republican candidates in 2012. Other billionaire-making industries in Nevada include food and beverages, sports, fashion and retail.
New Hampshire
(Jeffrey Joseph)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1B
Industry with most billionaires: Fashion and retail
Andrea Reimann-Ciardelli is New Hampshire’s only billionaire, with a net worth of $1 billion derived from the sale of her inherited stake in the JAB Holding Company. Her family had built up the business since the 19th century, though just four heirs retain stakes in the company now.
New Jersey
The wealthiest billionaire in New Jersey is the self-made hedge funder David Tepper. (Victor J.... [+] Blue/Bloomberg)
Billionaire population: 8
Billionaire net worth: $34.4B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
Like those in neighboring New York, the billionaires of Garden State derive great wealth from the finance and investments industry. Those industries minted the majority of the state’s eight billionaires, who have a combined wealth of $34.4 billion. It’s worth noting the proven business acumen of New Jersey billionaires. Every single one is either self-made, or is actively growing their inherited wealth. The wealthiest billionaire in New Jersey is the self-made hedge funder David Tepper, with a net worth of $11.4 billion.
New York
(Michael Nagle/Bloomberg)
Billionaire population: 93
Billionaire net worth: $429.7B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and Investments
New York state is home to 93 billionaires, and 78 of them live in New York City. Fifty-three of the New Yorkers in the three-comma club made their money in finance and investments. New York is home to titans of the billionaire class, with nine men whose net worths are at least $10 billion each, including George Soros ($24.9), David Koch ($39.6), Carl Icahn ($17B), Rupert Murdoch ($10.6), and former New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg ($40B). Eight of the top ten highest net worth individuals in New York are self-made, and the other two are growing inherited fortunes.
North Carolina
James Goodnight is one of North Carolina’s richest residents. (Kyle Hood. Bloomberg News)
Billionaire population: 3
Billionaire net worth: $14.3B
Industry with most billionaires: Technology
One technology company generated the majority of North Carolina’s billionaire wealth. James Goodnight and John Sall founded business analytics software firm SAS in 1976, and have led the company to continuous growth since then. They’re now worth $8 billion and $3.9 billion, respectively. The state’s remaining billionaire, Clemmie Spangler, has a net worth of $2.4 billion, built from a wide variety of investments.
Ohio
Les Wexner developed some of America’s best known clothing brands, including Abercrombie & Fitch,... [+] and lives in Ohio. (Kyle Hood. Bloomberg News)
Billionaire population: 6
Billionaire net worth: $15.3B
Industry with the most billionaires: Finance and investments
Finance and investments produced the highest number of billionaires in Ohio, including three members of the Lerner family, who have a combined net worth of $3 billion in inherited investment wealth. The state’s richest person bucks the trend with a self-made retail fortune. Les Wexner developed some of America’s best known clothing brands, including Abercrombie & Fitch, Victoria’s Secret and Bath & Body Works.
Oklahoma
(Jeremy Woodhouse)
Billionaire population: 5
Billionaire net worth: $27.1B
Industry with most billionaires: Energy
Natural gas and oil dominates the Oklahoman economy, so it’s unsurprising that the energy industry fuels the state’s billionaire wealth. Three of the state’s five billionaires made their money in the energy industry, and one other billionaire couple derive their wealth in part from selling gas. Tom and Judy Love (who are counted as one in the FORBES rankings) are the business family behind Love’s Travel Stops & Country Stores, a national chain of interstate-hugging gas-and-convenience stores with more than 100 locations in 39 states. David Green, another Oklahoma billionaire, is the controversial founder and CEO of retailer Hobby Lobby.
Oregon
Phil Knight, who lives in Oregon, has a net worth of $24.4 billion and was the chairman of Nike for... [+] 51 years. (Photo by Christian Petersen/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 2
Billionaire net worth: $26.1
Industry with most billionaires: Fashion and retail
Two activewear billionaires dominate in Oregon, a state known for its natural beauty and outdoors pursuits. Phil Knight has a net worth of $24.4 billion, and was the chairman of Nike for 51 years before resigning in 2015. Timothy Boyle derives his $1.7 billion net worth from global behemoth Columbia Sportswear, a family company that he rescued from bankruptcy in 1970.
Pennsylvania
(Photo by Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 10
Billionaire net worth: 20.3
Industry with most billionaires: Food and beverage
Of the 10 billionaires that call Pennsylvania home, seven inherited their wealth, although four of those heirs and heiresses are growing their business. The highest net worth self-made billionaire in the Keystone State is Michael Rubin ($2.3B), the 43-year-old CEO of Kynetic, a holding company that operates e-commerce sites like Rue La La. He also has a minority stake in the Philadelphia 76ers and the New Jersey Devils.
Rhode Island
Forbes media
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
The smallest state in the union is home to one self-made billionaire, Jonathan Nelson. The Rhode Island native heads up $40 billion Providence Equity Partners in the state’s capital city, which had mixed success investing in a variety of ventures including a security firm, a for-profit college company, a used-car website and the Ironman triathlon series. Nelson has used his billions to fund an entrepreneurship center at Brown University, his alma mater.
South Carolina
Forbes media
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.8B
Industry with most billionaires: Manufacturing
Anita Zucker is the only billionaire in South Carolina, with a net worth of $1.8 billion. She’s the CEO of the InterTech Group, a conglomerate with interests in specialty chemicals, commercial real estate, manufacturing and aerospace parts. Zucker inherited the company from her husband when he died in 2008, having grown the company from a single plant to a multinational holding company. Today, her son, Jonathan, is president.
South Dakota
T. Denny Sanford, the only billionaire in South Dakota, made his fortune in credit cards.... [+] (Associated Press)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.4B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
T. Denny Sanford, the only billionaire in South Dakota, made his fortune in credit cards. His company, First Premier Bank, is one of the world’s largest issuers of Visa and Mastercards. It specializes in offering high-interest credit cards to high-risk borrowers -- but keeps the credit limits low. He’s on a mission to give away as much money as possible, with hefty donations to hospitals, the Mayo clinic and children’s education projects.
Tennessee
FedEx founder Frederick Smith lives in Tennessee (AP Photo/Mark Lennihan, File).
Billionaire population: 10
Billionaire net worth: $26.5 billion
Industry with most billionaires: Healthcare, Fashion and retail
Tennessee’s ten billionaires have diverse sources of wealth. The state’s biggest billionaire by far is the self-made healthcare chief Thomas Frist Jr., who founded Hospital Corp. of America with his father. Eldercare tycoon Forrest Preston is the state’s next healthcare billionaire. Jimmy and Bill Haslam made their money in retail, and have respective net worths of $2.3 and $1.6 billion. The state is also closely split between self-made billionaires like FedEx founder Frederick Smith and successful heiresses like Martha Ingram, who took over and grew Ingram Industries following her husband’s death.
Texas
(Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 48
Billionaire net worth: $176.1B
Industry with the most billionaires: Energy
Everything’s bigger in Texas, including the billionaire count. Texas’ billionaire population is the fourth highest in the U.S. Almost half of all Texan billionaires derive their net worth from the energy industry, like Ray Lee Hunt, successful scion of the “oil-soaked” Hunt family, or self-made pipeline tycoon Richard Kinder. But the state’s three richest billionaires don’t owe their fortunes to fossil fuels. Alice Walton ($32.3B) is a Wal-Mart heiress, Michael Dell ($19.8B) founded the tech company that bears his name, and math genius Andrew Beal ($9.4B) made his fortune through smart investments.
Utah
(AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.4B
Industry with the most billionaires: Manufacturing
Utah’s sole billionaire is a self-made businesswoman who spent decades building an empire of car dealerships and movie theaters with her husband. When her husband died in 2009, Gail Miller assumed full ownership of the Larry H. Miller Group of Companies. She is now worth $1.4 billion, a fortune that counts the NBA’s Utah Jazz among its assets.
Virginia
Jacqueline Mars is worth more than Virginia’s four other billionaires combined Forbes media).
Billionaire population: 5
Billionaire net worth: $32.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Finance and investments
Jacqueline Mars is worth more than Virginia’s four other billionaires combined. The candy heiress is worth $24.4 billion, though she leaves the day-to-day running of the company up to her brothers. She’s trailed by Winnie Johnson-Marquart, who inherited her net worth of $3.3 billion and runs the Johnson Family Foundation. Two of the remaining three billionaires derive their fortunes from finance and investment, making it the dominant industry in terms of billionaire number, if not wealth creation.
Washington
Forbes media
Billionaire population: 13
Billionaire net worth: $180.3B
Industry with the most billionaires: Technology
Washington is home to the world’s richest man, Microsoft founder and dedicated philanthropist Bill Gates. The self-made man rules here; 10 of the the state’s billionaires built their fortunes from the ground up, and the remaining three are all growing their inheritances. Readers might be surprised to learn that just five of the Washington billionaires made their money in technology, though that number includes famous names like Jeff Bezos ($34.8B) of Amazon and Steve Ballmer ($23.5B) and Paul Allen ($17.5B) of Microsoft. Other notable billionaires include Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz ($2.9B) and department store chain president Bruce Nordstrom ($1.2B).
West Virginia
(Photo by Luke Sharrett/Getty Images)
Billionaire population: 1
Billionaire net worth: $1.6B
Industry with most billionaires: Metals and mining
Jim Justice is West Virginia’s only billionaire, and the country’s sole mining billionaire. He inherited his coal business from his father, and has faced million dollar settlements and fines following regulatory violations. He remains popular in the coal state after saving a historic resort from bankruptcy. Justice plans to run for governor in November 2016.
Wisconsin
Samuel C. Johnson founded his eponymous cleaning products company in Wisconsin in 1886. (AP... [+] Photo/Lynne Sladky, File)
Billionaire population: 9
Billionaire net worth: $40.5
Industry with most billionaires: Manufacturing
Wisconsin has a sizable sum of inherited manufacturing wealth. Samuel C. Johnson founded his eponymous cleaning products company here in 1886. Over a century later, four heirs to the Johnson fortune live in the state and boast a combined net worth of $13.2 billion. The retired third-generation CEO of Kohler, a toilet and faucet-making firm, also calls Wisconsin home. That said, self-made hardware store tycoon John Menard Jr. is the state’s richest man, with a net worth of $9.3 billion.
Wyoming
The state is home to extremely wealthy heirs like John Mars (Andrey Rudakov/Bloomberg).
Billionaire population: 9
Billionaire net worth: $70.6
Industry with most billionaires: Manufacturing, Healthcare, Food and beverage, Fashion and retail
Like Tennessee’s, Wyoming’s crop of billionaires came by their wealth many different ways. The state is home to extremely wealthy heirs like Forrest and John Mars, and John and Christy Walton, who inherited billions of the Mars and Wal-Mart fortunes. But self-made individuals like medical-device tycoon Hansjoerg Wyss and consumer products billionaire Leandro Rizzuto also live here. Perhaps the diverse group chose Wyoming for its lack of income tax.
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e28be8c2b60fc7a0eb4625c14df91ac7 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiesola/2016/06/24/t-mobile-walmart-lead-1-7-million-corporate-sponsorship-of-nyc-pride/ | T-Mobile, Walmart Lead $1.7 Million Corporate Sponsorship Of NYC Pride | T-Mobile, Walmart Lead $1.7 Million Corporate Sponsorship Of NYC Pride
The 46th New York Pride March is the biggest celebration of LBGTQ pride in the world. Brands are increasingly getting in on the action. This year, official corporate sponsorship of the march reached $1.7 million.
2012 Getty Images
There are 56 corporate sponsors of this year's march, on five different tiers of sponsorship, according to Pride managing director Chris Frederick. They paid an average of $30,000 for the honor, according to data obtained by FORBES.
(Click to enlarge)
Nick DeSantis, Forbes staff
They represent all kinds of industries, from financial institutions like Wells Fargo to retail giants like Walmart and tech titans like Facebook and Google . Lesser-known sponsors include Smarty Pants Vitamins and Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie.
"We take a more holistic approach to our packages and you need to donate to the idea of NYC Pride Week as a whole," Frederick told FORBES in an email. Rates range from $12,500 for Bronze sponsorship to $65,000 for Platinum sponsorship. It costs $175,000 to be the presenting sponsor.
Gallery: Top 25 Most Innovative Growth Companies 2016 27 images View gallery
That's just one slice of the money Pride gets from corporations. For-profit companies pay between $2,900 and $8,000 to participate in the march, depending on whether they feature marchers, vehicles or floats. Floats cost $8,000 each for large corporate participants, versus $2,829 for small businesses and $1,699 for nonprofits.
In 2014 Witeck-Combs Communications, a marketing firm specializing in the gay marketplace, estimated that the purchasing power of the U.S. adult LGBT population was $884 billion.
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932638aee3b5a85aefe8f4e3a3963a10 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiesola/2016/08/24/dating-app-data-reveals-what-successful-men-and-women-really-want/ | Dating App Data Reveals What Successful Men And Women Really Want | Dating App Data Reveals What Successful Men And Women Really Want
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It’s common knowledge that dating apps are changing the way people meet up and form relationships. New data from The League, a selective dating app for highly-educated, successful professionals, offers a glimpse of what the elites in the dating pool look for in a partner, and how they go about pursuing them. The startup has raised about $2.3 million dollars and is currently only available to users in New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles.
Anyone in those cities can apply to join the app, but a panel approves the user’s profile pictures, education, work and other details, which are pulled from the applicant’s Facebook and LinkedIn accounts. Their user base skews young, educated and professional, with a median age of 28. The users are 95 percent straight, and 99 percent of them have a college degree. There are 100,000 people on the waitlist, and a lower number of active users.
The following characteristics and behavior data are drawn from the app’s active user base, and shared exclusively with FORBES. Some of the takeaways aren’t that surprising -- straight men prefer young women with “amazing” hair, while straight women gravitate towards brainy older guys who wear suits in their photos. But behavior on the app also suggest that dating culture -- at least in this online ecosystem -- is changing for the better.
Who League Users "Heart" The Most The League collated the 20 most attractive male and female users. They found that amazing hair, tailored suits and fresh air are key to getting "hearted," their version of a "right swipe." Nick DeSantis, Forbes Staff
The 20 most attractive straight women had a median age of 25, and worked in education and communications. In contrast, the 20 most attractive straight men were 29 and worked in fields like finance, medicine and real estate. The League’s analysts said that 75 percent of the top "hearted" men were wearing suits in their photos, and more than half had photos taken outdoors in natural surroundings.
Women value education in their partners more than men do. The top men all graduated from top-tier schools, while just 45 percent of their most-swiped female counterparts did.
Nick DeSantis, Forbes Staff The analysts also noticed that all 20 women had “amazing” long glossy hair, and that 13 of the 20 women were wearing white dresses in their profile pictures.
What's the attraction? According to Amanda Bradford, CEO and founder of The League, suits suggest a man is ambitious and pulled together, while photos taken outdoors show that they have a sense of adventure. "We can’t deny the historical symbolism of white dresses as purity and innocence," she said. "Who wouldn’t be attracted to a woman who can wear a white dress and take a great picture, whilst manage [sic] not to spill something all over it?"
How They Make The First Move The League’s a great place to be a successful woman. Female CEOs and founders tend to attract a lot of interest, and are rewarded for taking initiative as much as their male counterparts. Nick DeSantis, Forbes Staff
High-powered women were hearted 6.5 percent more often than the general female population, and were 30 percent more likely to send the first message. Nick DeSantis, Forbes Staff
Women CEOs and executives were more popular than the average woman, even after controlling for age, education and race. The same trend holds for men. Male CEOs and founders were hearted 4.5 percent more than the male average, and were 20 percent more likely to message first. What’s more, The League’s users reward women who make the first move. Their analysts found no difference in reply rates when a woman messaged first, versus when a man did.
In fact, conversations initiated by women were more likely to end with a phone number being exchanged. “I think the results clearly show that our dating culture IS changing” Bradford said. “Equality is in our reach.” Natalie Bazarova, an associate professor in Cornell’s Department of Communication, has another explanation. She researches the ways people present themselves and interact online.
“We are seeing here a pocket of equality, that’s created by socio-technical factors,” Bazarova said. Every online space has its own social and behavioral norms. On a dating app everyone understands that you’re there looking for a date. “It’s clear and it’s understood in that community,” Bazarova said. “There are no biases against [men] being contacted first because the norms are really different here.”
Where They Live Nick DeSantis, Forbes Staff The singletons of The League have no love for the outer boroughs of New York City. The five most attractive neighborhoods for men and women were almost all in downtown Manhattan.
Hipster Greenpoint in Brooklyn, just north of Williamsburg, squeaked in as the fifth hottest neighborhood for men. “Downtown NYC is where you should live if you are single. [It’s] common wisdom.” Bradford said. That dynamic was slightly different in the Bay Area, where many of the city’s top tech jobs and companies are located in Silicon Valley, about an hour’s drive from the urban center, San Francisco.
Two of the top five most attractive neighborhoods for women were in the Silicon Valley neighborhoods of The Willows in Menlo Park (home to Facebook) and the town of Campbell. The remaining three were in San Francisco. Women prefer to date men who live in San Francisco neighborhoods, with one exception, Mill Valley in Marin County. Bradford said the average age of users in Mill Valley were 39, so they were likely to be divorced.
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352dae0cc18b78cd38ac7f80bc07a4f5 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katiesola/2017/02/13/8-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-dating-app-bumble/ | 8 Things You Need To Know About Bumble For Valentine's Day | 8 Things You Need To Know About Bumble For Valentine's Day
Holly Warfield, Forbes staff Here are the eight things you need to know about the dating app Bumble, just in time for Valentine’s Day. They’re based on data the company shared about how its users swipe, match and, just maybe, fall in love. The app was founded by Whitney Wolfe, a member of FORBES’ 30 Under 30 2017 and a cofounder of Tinder.
Shutterstock Bumble is the dating app platform where women have to make the first move by sending the first message after two users swipe right on each other. Two years after the app was founded, 1 million women make the first move every day on the app.
Holly Warfield, Forbes staff The app has 12.5 million registered users, an explosive growth considering that it had 1 million users a year after founding. They tend to be young and well-educated. Seventy-two percent of Bumble users are under the age of 35, and more than 91 percent of users over the age of 22 have at least a bachelor’s degree.
Holly Warfield, Forbes staff The average user spends 100 minutes a day on the app. Bumble’s facilitated 750 million matches after two years in operation, and is responsible for 5,000 weddings and engagements.
Shutterstock The most swipeable job titles on Bumble cover a range of industries, and tend to be in high-paying, professional fields. The most popular job title is attorney, then investment banker and doctor. Real estate brokers, architects and pilots are also desirable, along with entrepreneurs and professional athletes.
Shutterstock It’s an old cliche that New York City is a town of singletons. But the data suggests that might have some basis in fact. New York is the most active Bumble city, followed by Los Angeles and London. Chicago and Toronto round out the top five. California, New York and Texas are the most active states on the app.
Shutterstock The students of Southern Methodist University are the most active Bumblers, followed by those of the University of Southern California and University of California Los Angeles. Three Ivy League universities make the top ten list: Harvard, the University of Pennsylvania and Dartmouth College.
Holly Warfield, Forbes staff Bumble users want to know as much as possible about their prospects, and the users with the fullest profiles get the most matches. To boost your rate Bumble advises adding the maximum number of photos (six) that show your activities, style and pets. Adding a bio and integrating your Spotify should also help.
Shutterstock Bumble’s female-first model may help curb abuse on the platform -- a well-documented phenomenon on dating apps. It has an abuse report rate of 0.008 percent, which it says is one of the lowest in the industry. Bumble also offers photo verification to eliminate impostors and publicly called out an egregious user.
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5de40e1c69df6a78f73feaa90cb58bf3 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katinastefanova/2018/04/18/five-reasons-why-now-is-a-good-time-to-buy-us-equities/ | 5 Reasons Why Now Is A Good Time To Buy U.S. Equities | 5 Reasons Why Now Is A Good Time To Buy U.S. Equities
Since mid-March, market participants have been reacting to political and economic events with a breath of hesitation and fear. Between a potential trade war with China on the horizon, military and geopolitical conflict in Syria, and a multitude of events and uncertainty surrounding the Trump administration, investors have been wary of a potential market sell-off that hasn’t arrived.
With increased trade tensions and geopolitical risks, investors have become increasingly worried about investing in U.S. equities. However, in a conversation with Igor Desyatnikov, an equity volatility trader, we discussed how equities now provide a much better entry point given the recent sell-off based on both fundamental and technical analysis. Igor looks at short-term flows and market positioning to identify a turning point in U.S. equity markets.
Katina Stefanova: Igor, please share why you think equities are a good value?
Igor Desyatnikov: There are five reasons why I think equities are likely at a turning point:
1. U.S. Equity Valuations Shadowed by Emotion
I believe that emotion and fear has presented a buy opportunity for U.S. equities. The plethora of economic and political events occurring in the past couple of months has sent investors in a whirlwind of uncertainty and worry for what the future holds in U.S. equity markets. As a result, we’ve seen rampant misalignment between valuations and actual market prices. Our leading indicator of why I think equities provide a buy signal is the fact that valuations have reached two-year lows based on forward Price/Earnings ratios. There was a similar market reaction to the deflation scare that had occurred due to Chinese Yuan devaluation and the oil crash of the first quarter of 2016. The following chart displays the forward P/E ratio reaching a two-year low; it’s current level is just marginally above the level it was at in Q1 2016.
S&P 500 And Forward P/E Ratio Marto Research, Bloomberg
2. Nikkei and Euro Stoxx Indices Leading Recovery
The major equities indices already suffered through a February equities sell-off earlier this year that was primarily sparked by trade tension and economic uncertainty. Since then, the Nikkei and Euro Stoxx indices have both closed lower than their February lows. However, as of April 10th, they have now each crossed their 50-day moving averages. I believe the SPX will follow suit as these particular indices are indicative of global sentiment and the fact that these markets have since cleared their moving averages should help alleviate investors’ worry of economic and political risks.
Nikkei Index And Moving Averages Marto Research, Bloomberg
Euro Stoxx And Moving Averages Marto Research, Bloomberg
3. Financials and Utilities Sectors Indicative of a Cyclically Expansionary Environment
One of the key metrics in determining the business cycle we are currently in is by looking at the ratio between the financial and utilities sectors. This metric is a key relative performance metric in determining if we are in a cyclically expansionary environment. Looking at the XLF/XLU ratio shows us that it has posted a higher high as of April 10 and will likely continue to rally and surpass its 50-day moving average once again.
Financials/Utilities Ratio Marto Research, Bloomberg
4. Russell 2000 Data Leading to Potential Gains in Broader Market Indices
Since rallying and clearing its 50- and 100-day moving averages after the February sell-off, the Russell 2000 once again moved below those averages in the past several weeks. However, as of April 10th, the Russell has since surpassed those moving averages and will likely continue to rally past them. More importantly, the Relative Strength Index (RSI), a momentum indicator used to identify trends, has cleared 50. Based on a proprietary study with data since 1990, when these conditions are met in the Russell 2000, there is a 70% chance of broader market indices to post gains on a 20-day horizon.
Russell 2000 And Moving Averages Marto, Research, Bloomberg
Russell 2000 Relative Strength Index Marto Research, Bloomberg
5. AUD/JPY Showing Potential for Gains in U.S. Equities
Looking at risk indicators is imperative to any position taken on any market, so we will look at the AUD/JPY FX rate, widely considered a positive correlator with U.S. equities. Since breaking below the 50-, 100-, and 200-day moving averages due to the February sell-off, the rate has since rallied towards these averages indicating positive risk sentiment on U.S. equities. The AUD/JPY FX rate surpassed its 50-day moving average on April 12th after breaking below it nearly three months prior.
AUD/JPY FX Rate And Moving Averages Marto Research, Bloomberg
These factors, when combined with one another, provide a positive risk-return picture for U.S. equities in the near future. I believe that U.S. equities, particularly the SPX, has already seen it’s worst market sell-off in February and we will likely continue to see it rally relative to its index counterparts.
Source: Marto Capital Research, Bloomberg Source: Marto Capital Research, Bloomberg
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81f28b6ceb46e994f4eb37f55235ebd2 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katinastefanova/2018/06/27/market-turbulance-creates-long-awated-opportunity-for-macro-investors/ | Market Turbulence Creates Long-Awaited Opportunity For Macro Investors | Market Turbulence Creates Long-Awaited Opportunity For Macro Investors
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The timing for hedge funds might have finally come. In recent years, hedge fund performance has been disappointing investors.
Note: All returns are total returns (proceeds reinvested untaxed), and also gross returns 1.... [+] 1970-1989 Leveraged Capital Holdings from Banque Privee Edmond de Rothschild; 1990-2013 HFRI Fund Weighted Composite Index 2. 1970-1989 total return for U.S. equities estimates from GFD; 1990-2013 S&P 500 Total Return Index via Bloomberg 3. 1970-1979 total return estimates for U.S. Corporate Bond form GFD; 1980-2013 Barclays U.S. Aggregate Total Return Index from Barclays via Bloomberg 4. As of January 2013 Source: R&M, Banque Privee Edmund de Rothschild, Bloomberg, Global Financial Data (GFD), The Hedge Fund Journal
However, there are several cross currents today that create a fantastic opportunity for hedge funds and specifically for macro strategies including:
We are at the end of an economic expansion cycle which usually coincides with choppy market pricing. While economic growth fundamentals in the U.S. remain strong and company earnings continue to surprise on the upside, investors are weary about jumping on the equity bandwagon late in the cycle, given the extended equities market valuation increases. Holding long the S&P index since 2009 has delivered 15.44% annualized returns with a 1.22 sharpe ratio. These stats are hard to beat for active asset managers. We are at the end of a decade long liquidity expansion driven by central bank accommodative policies. Investing in a rising liquidity environment creates a tailwind for all investors. Equities, bonds, commodities and real estate tend to appreciate in average. Adding leverage to that creates even more attractive returns. The chart below shows the biggest tail wind in the history of investing - falling interest rates in the U.S. which was matched by other leading economies in Europe, Japan and China.
Fed Target Rate 1971-2017
Political tensions are escalating with protectionism taking center stage. The tariff wars which President Trump promotes are lead to realignment of economic power which undoubtedly will impact who the market winners and losers are, both in equities and in the currency market. Technology innovation is disrupting entire markets. For example, digital currencies grew to over $400 billion in AUM in less than a decade, creating an entire new asset class among the universe of investable assets. Even if investors do not participate in buying and selling digital assets, they are going to be impacted because of capital outflows from other assets (gold, cash, equities) into digital currencies.
Includes hedge funds, private equity, real estate, infrastructure, and commodity funds. 2Includes... [+] equity specialties (foreign, global, emerging markets, small and mid caps, sectors) and fixed-income specialties (credit, emerging markets, global, high yield, and convertible). 3Includes absolute-return, target dated, global asset-allocation, flexible, income, and volatility funds; liability-driven investments; and multiasset and traditional balanced products. 4Includes active domestic large-cap equity, active government fixed income, money market, and structured products. Sources: BCG GAM Market Sizing 2015; BCG GAM Benchmarking 2015; ICI; Preqin; HFR; Strategic Insight; BlackRock ETP report; IMA; OECD; Towers Watson; P&I; Lipper; BCG analysis
What Causes Turbulence
Over the past two weeks, we have observed two main themes that have increased headline risk, deterioration in the European political landscape, and the reemergence of the trade tensions. This led to a further increase in our turbulence indicators. Last week, we saw the trade tensions continue to escalate with an increasing rift on trade with U.S. allies and the U.S. announcing tariffs on $200 billion of Chinese goods (representing more than 40% of Chinese exports). Adding to increased FX volatility and correlations, the view from the Federal Reserve and European Central Bank on the growth impact from protectionism appears to differ, reflecting a more hawkish Federal Reserve and dovish European Central Bank.
Impact of Tightening Central Bank Liquidity
Global central bank de-risking adds another dimension to increased volatility and uncertainty as it affects the relative demand for risky assets. U.S. liquidity and China liquidity tightening are two dominant risk factors currently in the market.
Recent risk turbulence is attributed not so much to a rise in interest rates, which have been rising steadily since December 2016, but to a decline in U.S. liquidity. This translates into the U.S. Dollar funding shortage and the tightening of liquidity in the Chinese corporate sector with local authorities putting emphasis back on balance sheet de-risking.
The U.S. Dollar draining surge is primarily attributed to the Fed shrinking its balance sheet along with the effect of an increase in U.S. T-bill issuance. This decreases the amount of excess reserves available at the Federal Reserve, which have become an important U.S. Dollar liquidity source for foreign borrowers since the global financial crisis. The U.S. Dollar liquidity conditions and the cost of U.S. Dollar funding, also reflected in the Libor OIS Spread, serve as a leading indicator of the DXY with a 2-3-month lag. This relationship suggests that the DXY has peaked.
U.S. Liquidity Gauge vs DXY Marto Capital Research
China liquidity conditions in the corporate sector have been declining since April, driven by a reduction in PBOC liquidity injections through OMOs and MLFs. This is also evident in a decline in off-balance sheet lending and bond financing on rising credit risk. I expect the PBOC to maintain a dovish stance and provide liquidity in the interbank market to offset weaker growth impact, thus keeping the overall liquidity stable. The evolution in China liquidity appears to affect emerging market FX and high yielding commodity producing developed market FX with a 2-month lag. The recent liquidity indicators show that the China liquidity has stabilized after a drop in April and May, and suggests that emerging market FX should stabilize going forward.
China Liquidity vs EM FX Marto Capital Research
In an environment of risk turbulence and uncertainty, active macro strategies have an opportunity to outperform long only or directional CTA models.
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20b4ee5769f9bc635f840c04e2b47dc1 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katinastefanova/2018/09/09/fading-the-us-china-trade-war-impact-selectively/ | What Assets to Buy During the Trade War With China | What Assets to Buy During the Trade War With China
The impact of the trade war appears to have largely been incorporated into the pricing of certain assets. While we believe that the trade conflict with China is set to escalate before the mid-term elections in the US and the bearish case for emerging market FX will stay intact for fundamental and political reasons, certain contagion-affected markets are likely to recover. Moreover, we believe that China policy has ways to mitigate the negative market impact from the trade war and the economic impact will prove less than feared. While authorities are unlikely to dial back deleveraging of shadow banking activity, China policy makers will shift to a more proactive targeted fiscal policy as a response to economic headwinds from trade tensions.
In our portfolio we have implemented several trades as part of our trade war normalization theme: Long copper, long Australian dollar versus Canadian dollar, and paying China 5-year rates. We are also maintaining our US curve steepening exposure, that should perform well once the trade war fears fade and supply/demand dynamics change in the Fall (see July Monthly letter for the outlook on “Resurgence of Term Premium”).
US-China Trade War Outlook and Impact
The escalation of trade tensions with China took a toll on FX, commodities, Asian equities and global rates markets over the past few weeks. An interplay of weaker corporate sentiment from the trade escalation, lower China import demand and tightening global financial conditions led to emerging market growth slowing and damped inflationary pressures. Our emerging market FX models remain net short with the strongest short signals remaining in emerging market Asia. This is based on economic factors of tighter global liquidity, declining emerging/developed market growth and interest rate differentials, as well as the deteriorating Balance of Payments in several Asian countries and Brazil. While the risk of widening export restrictions further disrupting supply chains remains, beyond emerging market FX we believe the systemic impact from trade tensions is low and global inflation, while far from escalating, will continue to run above average. Moreover, the Asian export outlook could also improve in the coming months driven by a pick-up in durable goods orders.
Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital
As expected, the latest low-level US-China trade talks ended with little progress and the conflict is likely to enter into a stalemate in a run up to the US mid-term elections. It is our understanding that the Chinese side is unlikely to make any concessions and 25% tariffs on USD200bn of Chinese goods will go ahead. Both sides are run by policy hawks and President Xi has little incentive to compromise as he sees Trump as politically weakened and potentially further damaged domestically. Moreover, it appears that the US administration is pressing on structural issues related to the China economic model, the high-tech and modernization plan, which is a non-negotiable issue for the Chinese side. Instead of trying to negotiate with the US Administration, the Chinese policy makers will continue to focus on economic policy adjustments, which will buffer the impact of trade tensions, deleveraging and the declining current account surplus.
Long Copper
Our base case expects a pick-up in Chinese demand for metals, even amidst the escalation of trade rhetoric. Authorities will continue to maintain growth stability around the declining trend with targeted fiscal stimulus. The Chinese economic slowdown this year was driven by Infrastructure investment because of deleveraging efforts and tight fiscal policy, on top of the trade war impact. It is important to note that it was an engineered slowdown, where the credit cycle in China tends to be policy-driven and started against an overall strong growth backdrop. Going forward looser fiscal policy is likely to help revive infrastructure investment in H218. Local bond issuance aimed at financing infrastructure has already increased in July and the Ministry of Finance issued a guideline to accelerate issuance further by October. While we don’t expect a large fiscal stimulus, like 2016, due to the PBOC balance sheet constraints and commitment deleveraging, certain value-added sectors of the economy, such as autos, high-tech and infrastructure will be supported. Investments and exports are some of the main drivers of China import demand. We expect infrastructure investment to pick-up, aided by China fiscal stimulus. Real estate investment, another factor in the demand for metals, has been resilient to economic slowdown.
Separately, exports are likely to pick-up as the impact from trade war escalation is less than expected. All in all, we are likely to see a pick-up in China import demand for commodities, especially copper, which is closely tied to infrastructure and real estate investment.
Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital
Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital
On the supply side, the copper market is facing constraints. It is not profitable to increase supply at the current price levels. Only a small fraction of the potential projects, about 35%, can come online at the current prices over the next few years. Margins for additional copper supply are nil at the current prices and street analysts estimate that the breakeven price for new copper supply to come online is above the US$280/lb versus the current price of US$270/lb.
Long-term copper demand growth will be underpinned by the auto sector and infrastructure, which will remain strong in developed markets and is expected to pick up in China. Against aforementioned supply constraints, this provides a positive backdrop for copper to rally.
The strong USD, especially versus emerging markets, remains a major risk to the long commodity trade. China overtightening, which will represent a policy mistake amid the trade war escalating, represents another risk.
Long Australian Dollar Versus Canadian Dollar
Long Australian dollar versus Canadian dollar is another way to express the view of a revival of China demand for metals. Chinese demand for iron-ore, Australia’s principal export, can actually rise if trade tensions escalate. The fiscal policy will support infrastructure investment, which is critical for commodity demand, including both copper and iron-ore. We expect the Australian dollar to decouple from Asia emerging market FX, specifically Chinese renminbi, and the Canadian dollar because of the divergence in export outlook and monetary policy.
The rationale for the trade rests on the following arguments:
The terms of trade are one of the main drivers of the Australian dollar performance. The potential resurgence of Chinese demand for metals and higher iron ore prices, one of the main components of the Australian Terms of Trade, will help the Australian dollar recover. Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital The extreme level in 2-year swap yield differentials is driven by dovish expectations for the RBA relative to the hawkish expectations for the BOC. Our base case indicates the market is pricing too much policy differential between the BOC and RBA. Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital Australian dollar also appears dislocated on our regression models. Short Australian dollar positioning from the macro community appears stretched.
The Australian political turmoil of the past two weeks is behind us and the market will refocus on economic fundamentals.
Pay China Rates
Interest rates in China are likely to rise amidst the policy shift to fiscal stimulus and increased the supply of local government bonds. China has already eased the financial conditions substantially through RRR cuts and by allowing the currency to depreciate. The end of the easing cycle in China tends to coincide with a pick-up in the price of credit. Similar to the previous episodes of engineered credit-led slowdowns (2012 and 2016), rates will be allowed to go higher in the aftermath. The chart below shows that credit growth and the price of credit tend to be negatively correlated.
Source: Marto Capital Research and Bloomberg Marto Capital
A confluence of the following factors will lead to higher China rates:
The policy focus is shifting from monetary to fiscal stimulus. This week China skipped reverse repos as an early sign that further open market operations will be constrained and additional RRRs are unlikely. Instead, the government will support the issuance of local government bonds and will promote on-balance sheet lending to certain sectors. Promoting high-tech and other “new” value added sectors of the economy is another supportive factor. The government is setting up the “Leading Group on Technology and Innovation” to increase the investment in semiconductors and technology, which will further support growth through innovation, taking the burden of further PBOC policy support. As part of the continued deleveraging, leading to an increase in NPLs in certain sectors, there will be a further need to bring debt on the government balance sheet, increasing government debt levels and the cost of borrowing. The current low level of yields has been inconsistent with the stable levels of PPI and core CPI according to our fair value models. These take into account major economic drivers such as growth, inflation, commodity price level, policy rate differentials and long-term US real rates.
While we believe that trade conflict with China is entering into a stalemate, which is unlikely to be resolved before the US mid-term elections, we have identified several trades, where the models highlight large dislocations and which can perform well even if trade tensions continue to escalate. Our overall portfolio is well positioned to profit if the markets start fading the trade war impact.
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857c5e2a3e2007a84c5889e78f643a78 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katinastefanova/2020/03/11/us-treasuries-are-not-safe-haven-any-longer-in-a-bear-market/ | US Treasuries Are Not a Safe Haven in a Bear Market | US Treasuries Are Not a Safe Haven in a Bear Market
“After 11 years, 13% annualized earnings growth and 16% annualized trough-to-peak appreciation” the longest bull market in our history is about to end, says Goldman Sachs in a letter to their clients.
In a bear market, traditionally investors have flocked to US Treasuries which historically have been inversely correlated to equities - when stocks fall, US government bonds appreciate. However, in the 2020 bear market, bonds are no longer an attractive safe haven for investors.
This is largely because a number of non-cyclical, structural trends have made Treasuries very expensive. A decade of accommodative monetary policy, low benchmark US interest rates and tremendous flows into US Treasuries (UST) from both government buyers (US Fed, China) and institutional buyers from areas where interest rates are lower or negative, such as Japan and Europe, have been pushing yields to unsustainably low level.
Marto Research
When Treasuries are that expensive, they have an asymmetric expected pay-out. In other words, in a risk-off scenario such as the current market sell-off, bonds can appreciate only so much. But when inevitably, equities stabilize, bonds are likely to sell off much more, making buying bonds today a negative expected return trade.
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We completed the following technical and fundamental analysis to understand the asymmetric nature of this trade. Using closing levels from Monday March 9th we observe the following:
The 10 year UST yield was .54% and the S&P 500 Index (SPX) 2,746. At this time, it roughly takes a position of 3x the notional of a generic 10 year bond to hedge the S&P futures contract on a volatility adjusted basis. This means that one would need a 3.33% move higher in their bond position in order to mitigate a -10% move in the S&P. Such as scenario is unrealistic. So how does this look in the context of current and potential market levels?
If we set up a generic 10 year bond with a coupon of .54%, it has a risk adjusted duration of 9.72 at par. A 10 basis point move would roughly equate to a price move of .97%. This means that for the bond to mitigate a -10% drop in the S&P, it would require a rally lower in its yield of .34% (3.33/9.72). Below is a chart of the equivalent 10 year yield that mitigates a given move in the S&P.
Marto Research
Looking at this another way, the chart below analyzes how a portfolio of long 1 unit of S&P and long 3 units of 10 year Treasuries perform, if we normalize back to the prices that existed at the end of 2019, and the end of each January and February 2020.
Marto Research
Point in fact, at today’s (3/11) levels at 1pm, with the SPX at 2751 and UST 10 year at .80% you would have lost -7.5% on this case from Monday's close.
There are a number of reasons why we would be concerned about using Treasuries as a safe haven. Sizing assumptions are really difficult. But more fundamentally, at these levels of yields there is significant price risk in a normalization trade. Here we summarize some of the reasons we do not recommend investors to overweight their allocations to bonds.
1. Monetary policy has been running out of ammunition
a. Monetary authorities have been indicating the need to rely more on fiscal stimulus for some time now
b. There has been a growing awareness that negative rates have had negative consequences for the banking sector and that savings rates have actually increased in places like Germany as a result, which is opposite of the intended purpose to create demand
c. We believe the FED does not desire to implement a negative rate policy in the US. They are more likely to do some form of QE with a likely policy of yield curve control (YCC)
d. The FOMC seems more likely to cap short/medium maturity (say through 5 years) yields rather than buying across the curve as they did post financial crises
e. This front end oriented YCC will help with the other objective which is to steepen the yield curve
f. The preceding points make us believe that long end rates will stay positive (except for maybe an unsustainable “dash” type move) and most likely above .25%
2. Tremendous In-flows to USTs creates a crowded position
a. 2019 had about $1 trillion versus equity outflows of $165 billion
b. 2020 first six weeks had record inflows
c. A material portion is unhedged foreign flow which has important implications for the dollar
d. About a quarter of these inflows have been through ETFs, retail money will be quick to sell on the first reversal
e. So the bond position is crowded and susceptible to a sharp pullback
3. Supply to greatly increase and change compositionally
a. As monetary policy has reached its limits, heavy fiscal stimulus will be in the cards to combat the coronavirus demand shock
b. Fiscal stimulus will be inflationary, leaving high duration bondholders underwater quickly even under modest increases of inflation expectations
c. Deficits are currently running at $1 trillion and will explode higher from the demand shock of the coronavirus and fiscal stimulus package(s) that’s coming
d. From a liability management perspective the Treasury’s relative value models indicate significant value in increasing long end issuance
e. The FED is also interested in more supply being issued in the long end in order to steepen the yield curve
4. De-dollarization also negatively impact flows into Treasuries
a. Trend to diversify from dollar is ongoing and seen in central bank Gold buying flows
b. Expect reserve managers to continue the diversification trend into hard assets
c. Many countries don’t like the power the dollar has over them and the ability of the US government to very effectively sanction via the banking system, thereby crippling their economy
5. China confrontation may shift buying away from US Treasuries
a. Possible confrontation regarding trade, critical supply lines etc could risk acceleration of China divestment from UST into Gold amongst other things
b. PBOC providing much more directed and even experimental methods to support their economy vs the US
In summary, when we see considerable risk in using long dated Treasuries as a safe haven balancer, especially as levels become elevated like on Monday’s close. We would rather de-risk altogether or look for other assets like Gold which fundamentally should perform better in a normalization trade than Treasuries.
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e89123c2a359a8d617ff5cf8fb5f83b5 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katmustatea/2017/12/30/this-filmmaker-from-the-future-can-teach-you-to-channel-your-fear/ | This Filmmaker From The Future Can Teach You To Channel Your Fear | This Filmmaker From The Future Can Teach You To Channel Your Fear
How would you fare if you were inadvertently caught up in a riot and couldn’t get away? Would you panic? Would you be able to remain calm and maneuver through a fraught situation?
Karen Palmer (Photo: courtesy of TED) Courtesy of TED
Among the characters you encounter in Karen Palmer’s interactive film, Riot, is a cop in full riot gear who demands to know where you’re going. If you remain calm, the cop will back off and let you progress to the next part of the film. If you become fearful or angry during the confrontation, the film switches to a different ending.
The same facial recognition technology that powers Riot has been put to use by governments in Berlin and China to track individuals suspected of terrorism, and was enlisted in a recent controversial attempt to label people as gay or straight based on their facial features. As an independent artist, Palmer insists the key to equity and social justice is by making this technology widely available to ordinary people. “I come from the future—but via London,” she jokes, of her propensity for pushing film to tackle both technological and social extremes head-on.
Most facial recognition software guesses how someone is feeling based on facial cues, but part of the fine-tuning Palmer is doing for Riot as an artist-in-residence at ThoughtWorks is to differentiate an inner emotion from its outer expression. “We want to measure not how you are feeling, but how would others perceive you are feeling. How would a cop perceive you?” said Angelica Perez, a Consultant Developer at ThoughtWorks who is building Riot’s facial expression recognition system, affectionately dubbed the Emotion Engine. The result is what Palmer calls “your own personal riot training,” in which you might learn to move through your private emotions of fear and anger by figuring out how to project calm outwardly to others.
Palmer actively engages with viewers as they come out of the film, and has a rich trove of anecdotes about the responses and perceptions people have shared. She credits Lance Weiler, Director of Columbia University School of the Arts' Digital Storytelling Lab, with helping her appreciate the power of such conversations: “Those last moments may be the most important part of the experience,” said Weiler. The project’s technological novelty notwithstanding, it’s hard to miss Palmer’s unflinching commitment to the deeply human signals of stress and distress in the face of social and racial unrest.
Palmer has been a speaker at TEDxSydney, Google Cultural Institute Lab in Paris, and CPH:DOX in Copenhagen. She has shown Riot in New York at The Future of Storytelling Summit and in London at the Victoria and Albert Museum, and in 2018 held artist residencies at TED and ThoughtWorks to further develop the project. I sat down with her to discuss the myriad and complex questions that Riot evokes.
Kat Mustatea: What’s the most surprising thing about facial recognition software and its capabilities?
Karen Palmer: What we as a people and a community could potentially do with it. I’m developing this system and people ask me “What if the police get their hands on it?” and I’m like: “The police? Are you joking? I’m sure the police had their hands on it, like, three decades ago.” So the most surprising thing for me is: why don’t we think about taking this technology and doing something with it for ourselves. I want to put this in the hands of the people.
Mustatea: Are you finding the majority of viewers who experience Riot have more of one emotion than another—angry or fearful or calm?
Palmer: I guess I will be honest with you: most black people will be angry. Most white men are very calm. White women can get quite fearful. And that’s like about 50% of the time. Sometimes it’s really just purely down to the person. Say they got anger, and they’ll admit, “Yeah, I hate authority.” Sometimes it’s just about how they feel that day. If somebody is a bit nervous, because they haven’t been in an experience like this, maybe they get fear. It depends on the person coming in—if they’re more influenced by their cultural experiences or if they’ve transcended that. But there is a trend.
"Riot" installation at Future of Storytelling Festival (Photo: courtesy of FoST) Courtesy of Future Of Storytelling Festival
Mustatea: What got you working with technology and away from the more linear filmmaking you had done before?
Palmer: We’re living in a time of a spiritual deficit and we’re losing our sense of humanity in a way, and things that people might look for like religion are becoming less relevant to a younger generation. We’re becoming consumed with technology, becoming more isolated, and I want these technologies to reconnect us with our humanity and our compassion and our spirituality. I want the narrative of the film to reflect your emotions, to make you become aware of how your emotions affect the narrative of your life.
What I’m trying to do is re-create a sense of transformation and moving through fear and focus. Because to me to move through fear you have to be focused. And to do that—to really replicate that, that’s really your mind affecting media.
Mustatea: Tell me about this idea of overwriting your own emotional responses to a stressful situation.
Palmer: It often takes three times to start to rewire your brain. From my [experience training in] parkour, if we do a jump and we’re successful, we have to do it again plus once more. The first time could be luck, the second time maybe we just got lucky again, but on the third time, you’re building muscle memory and neuron pathways. So with my experience of parkour, I was inspired to create this process where you could actually affect your reality. That is seriously my number one objective. It’s not really, Oh, let’s do a little arty experience, while meanwhile the world is burning around us.
Mustatea: I think it was in response to the shooting of Philando Castile that this one activist said: Things are not getting worse, they are getting uncovered. In a sense, the widespread availability of video now provides us with evidence of how egregious certain injustices have been all along.
Palmer: When I first made this project it was my personal response to Ferguson. I remember I was on the phone with my friend, a black chick who has a very high job in London to police the police—that’s her job. And I was having this really impassioned conversation with her about what’s happening: What can we do? Where are the J.Z.’s? Where are the Beyonce’s? Where are these supposed role models? At least in the 60s there were these icons, like the Muhammad Ali’s and the Bellefonte’s, who could actually take a stand. When I came up with the film, I thought: “You know what, it’s not really up to them, it’s really up to us.”
Karen Palmer (Photo: James Alcock) James Alcock
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38fcb14715f076172fc136343f497cff | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katodell/2011/07/09/navigating-east-hampton-one-gourmet-market-at-a-time/ | Navigating East Hampton's Food Scene One Market at a Time | Navigating East Hampton's Food Scene One Market at a Time
Every weekend during summer months, droves of beach-goers descent on the eastern tip of Long Island known as "The Hamptons." Since I was literally 0 years old I've spent my summers in East Hampton, we're talking back in the day before the Hamptons were "The Hamptons." Before Gucci overtook Penny Lane, before Theory replaced Ina Garten's famed Barefoot Contessa, and when A&P was the only grocery store option. No Citarella, believe it or not.
Both then and now my Hamptons memories center around food (shocker). The smell of fresh roasty coffee at Barefoot Contessa, the intoxicatingly sweet taste of the first freshly picked summer strawberry, and sweet Hamptons corn purchased from Bistrian's Sweet Corn, a roadside stand near the East Hampton fire station.
Quiet obviously, the town of East Hampton has changed dramatically in the past 20 years. But, for those in the know, many incredible, older, not quiet hole-in-the-wall, food merchants still exist. I wouldn't necessarily call these shops local haunts, but you do need to know about them to know about them. If that makes sense. And also I should say, they aren't necessarily cheap. But, if you hit East Hampton and are looking for an insider's guide to navigating the food scene (not restaurants), this is for you.
Fish: Naturally, when I think of East Hampton, I think of fresh seafood. Stuart's Seafood Market carries EVERYTHING you could possible want, incredibly fresh, straight from the ocean. This market has been around since 1955 (!) and also offers prepared seafood like clam chowder, shrimp salad, and such. 41 Oak Lane; 631-267-6700
Baked Goods: Round Swamp is both a bakery and, now, little gourmet shop. Emphasis on little. My parents have been shopping here for as long as I can remember, when it served as more of a bakery. But, in recent years Round Swamp has expanded into a Barefoot Contessa-type market selling everything from fresh lobster to take-home foods (salads, crab cakes, roast chicken) to fruits and veg. But what everybody really comes here for is insanely amazing baked goods. The Tri-Berry Muffins have been sold here for at least 20 years, a mix of raspberry, blueberry, and strawberry, the lightest most moist muffins you will find. I also love the mini chocolate chip muffins, fudgy brownie bites, bikini muffins, banana chocolate chip bread, key lime pie, and freshly baked pies. All amazing. Note: Prices are on the higher side and weekends bring long lines, but this place is worth it. 184 Three Mile Harbor Rd.; 631-324-4438; website
Poultry: If you're looking for real grass fed, farm fresh chicken and eggs, hit Iacono's Farm. Make sure to call at least one day in advance to reserve your chicken because they sell out fast. Back in the day one could just show up at the grassy farm, enter the tiny retail shack, and pick out a bird. But due to the Hamptons' proliferation, now calling in advance is required. Oh, and those chocolate chip cooks are pretty great too. 106 Long Ln.; 631-324-1107
Groceries: Years ago I used to visit the Amagansett Farmers Market for heart-shaped shortbread cookies topped with rainbow sprinkles, coconut ForzFruit ice cream bars, and, around Halloween, little plastic figures with a pumpkin head filled with orange and brown candies. Meanwhile, my parents would shop for fresh local corn and whatever else they wanted to serve for dinner. A few years ago the market was taken over by Eli Zabar (Zabars), and he transformed the sleepy shop into a more pricey gourmet affair. Come here for cheese, charcuterie, meats, appetizers, fruit, and vegetables. And maybe an ice cream bar every once in a while. 367 Main St.; 631-267-3894
Fruits/Vegetables: I personally try to hit local farm stands as much as possible. Pig Pen Produce is close to my parent's house, but these stands ubiquitously dot the town, offering the seasonal bounty.
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3c7bdf21380e17076049d2a5a836e8fe | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katrinafox/2018/01/09/meet-the-vegan-willy-wonka-whos-raising-the-bar-on-ethical-business/ | Meet The Vegan Willy Wonka Who's Raising The Bar On Ethical Business | Meet The Vegan Willy Wonka Who's Raising The Bar On Ethical Business
Adrian Ling, the MD of Plamil Foods, near the company's headquarters in Folkestone, UK. Plamil Foods
Adrian Ling doesn’t look like your typical entrepreneur. Indeed, the managing director of Plamil Foods, the UK’s longest-running plant-based business, makes Richard Branson look conservative.
Yet while his colorful and flamboyant style may raise eyebrows in some circles, it’s this willingness to take an innovative and unconventional approach to life that has driven his company – the first in Europe to commercially market soya milk and dairy-free chocolate – to become a multi-million-pound operation.
It’s fair to say that unconventionality runs in the family. His late father Arthur Ling went vegan back in 1926 at the age of seven, nearly 20 years before the term was officially coined by the UK Vegan Society (of which Arthur became an active member) in 1944. He also created a company that used sunflowers to create biodiesel after the Second World War, a project that was too ahead of its time to achieve commercial success.
“My father was a visionary individual of his time. He was amiable, driven, single-minded but stubborn. These qualities can be double-edged as without these I’m sure Plamil wouldn’t have started the vegan food market in Europe,” says Ling who has embraced his father’s determination to be unique and do things differently. “I honestly don’t think I consider what to wear any different to most. I get up in the mornings and decide the same as most people do, the difference being that I end up with a different result. I think this thought pattern goes back to the heart of everything. To end up with a different result in life and business perhaps requires just different perception. Maybe in the past there’s been a few occasions over a decade ago in which I sensed some untenable reaction to me, but I can’t say that’s a barrier now. On the other end of the scale I’ve been asked to sign autographs at airports, with some people convinced I’m a pop star, even when I’ve told them I’m not! In the end I like to think that how I look is only a small factor and that most people see my enthusiasm and – I hope – my professional approach to business.”
The seeds of Plamil (short for ‘plant milk’) were sewn during the 1940s, continued throughout the 1950s with the formation of the Plant Milk Society, which researched leaf proteins, before eventually growing to fruition in 1964 when the organization, by then called Plant Milk Limited, produced the UK’s first soya milk. The company changed its name to Plamil Foods in 1972 after the directors realized they wanted to produce more than just dairy-free milk.
Some of the early Plant Milk Society pioneers Mrs Stark, Dr Franklin and Bill Stark making and... [+] experimenting with cabbage milk circa 1958. Plamil Foods
Ling recalls his first summer job at the company’s factory, a former dairy, in Folkestone, Kent, on England’s south-east coast, at the age of 10. “I had a job sealing tin cans on the production line. I had a special step so I could reach the buttons and so I didn’t get splashed in the face with soya milk if anything went wrong with the sealing. This process was at chest height for an adult. I shudder to think of health and safety issues!” he laughs.
Plamil was and still is always more than a company created solely to make profits. Its mission is to spread the philosophy of veganism and encourage vegan living. For several decades the private limited company made no profit but was kept afloat by a few individuals who self-funded it via the Plant Milk Trust set up by Arthur Ling. [Article continues]
“When the company started, customers interested in vegan products were literally in the tens, maybe not more than 100 people,” says Ling. “We created the vegan food market from nothing. There's always a price to be paid for being the first to market, such as high production costs for a relatively small volume. Many companies nowadays may claim extremely high growth in sales, but Plamil’s long, steady sales growth over decades puts our overall volumes at a higher point to start with. Our sales have grown at a rate of some 10% a year in the past few decades, then 40-50% in some sectors in more recent years. For the past decade we started to make a profit as sales volumes increased and this in term enabled investment annually to some £250,000 in larger and more efficient production. This year we’re planning to add additional capacity which will enable us to supply every person in the country with a chocolate bar.”
When Ling, who joined the company 30 years ago after abandoning a career as a chemical engineer, took over as managing director 14 years ago, he recognized the need to branch out into different markets, including the free-from, allergen, fair trade, organic and no-added-sugar categories to increase Plamil’s sales of chocolate, chocolate spreads, egg-free mayonnaise and organic soya milk. Its bestselling product is the dairy-free, organic, fair trade milky chocolate bar and its biggest market is currently Europe. Its new So Free range of chocolates caters for 13 different languages, which will expand to 18 this year, a move that Ling predicts will increase sales by another 25%. Currently retail makes up 80% of the company’s sales, with 5% direct to consumer and the remaining 15% across food service, catering and wholesale combined.
Plamil's new range of So Free chocolates represents fun and enjoyment. Plamil Foods
A commitment to the wellbeing of people, animals and planet
What sets Plamil apart from many other companies, especially those producing chocolate, is its extraordinarily high ethical and environmental standards.
It manufactures its products in a dedicated vegan factory that’s free from nuts, gluten, dairy, egg, fish and other allergens. “Chocolate is hard to produce as a dairy-free product because the chocolate has been made on machinery that’s difficult to clean down, which is why most chocolate brands put a ‘may contain milk’ statement on the label of any dairy-free chocolate they make,” says Ling. “Plamil decided to invest in producing a product that’s completely dairy free and that’s why we got into manufacturing.” So dedicated is the company to spreading the vegan message that it also manufactures chocolate for other brands that compete with it for shelf space. “The advantages are you can literally fill your production lines up and everyone benefits from scale of production,” Ling explains. “And it keeps everyone on their toes if you have a competitor. It’s good for the marketplace.”
On the environmental front, the factory, which currently employs 50 staff and operates 24/7, is powered by 100% renewable electricity and the firm's packaging uses only recycled or recyclable materials.
From a health perspective, the company is committed to producing “wholesome” products and therefore rejects GMO and nanotechnology. It was the first chocolate manufacturer in the UK to be registered by organic certifying body the Soil Association and the first to be certified for its no-added-sugar products by Sugarwise, an international certification body for sugar claims.
Human rights issues are as important to Plamil as concerns for animals and the environment. As such, the company has a commitment to never knowingly source or use ingredients or products that involve child or exploitative adult labor. This has been found to be particularly prevalent in Western African countries, which produce 70% of the world’s cocoa. Plamil uses cocoa certified by UTZ, a program promoting sustainable farming and better opportunities for farmers and their families, and is one of the chocolate providers recommended by the Food Empowerment Project, which compiles lists of companies that do and don’t source their cocoa from countries where slavery and exploitation is known to be rife. [Article continues]
The company also looks after staff on the home front, many of whom have worked for the firm for years. As well as providing continual education and development, it adheres to the Ethical Trading Initiative’s Base Code, an internationally recognized code of labor practice that includes the right to freedom of association and collective bargaining, to be paid a living wage, along with no forced labor, excessive working hours, inhumane treatment or discrimination.
A worker at the Plamil chocolate factory making a limited run of Santa-themed bars. Plamil Foods
Finally, Plamil uses only banking services that are committed to working as closely as possible to the company’s ethos.
These commitments have resulted in the company being ranked highest in all the chocolate ratings by Ethical Consumer magazine since 2006. “Ethical is the choice between right and wrong,” says Ling. “I couldn’t sleep at night if I knew any profit was due to forced child labor or at the untold expense of the environment.”
So fundamental are vegan ethics to Plamil that it’s created its own certification. Unlike the UK Vegan Society’s trademark certification, which allows ‘may contain’ statements for ingredients such as milk or eggs, the Plamil trademark – which it licences free to other businesses – can only be used by companies that don’t include ‘may contain’ statements. “Some people say that we shouldn’t get into the ‘very small’ allergens present in a ‘may contain’ statement,” says Ling. “Our argument is that a ‘may contain’ statement is used when considerable amounts of contamination occur. Also, we argue that if manufacturers understand protocols in ingredient separation for allergens, that should then be easily translated into separating non-vegan ingredients.”
While these high ethical standards are an intrinsic part of the company’s philosophy, Ling admits there are expenses involved, which result in it being more difficult for brands like Plamil to compete for shelf space with large conglomerates. “The more ethical a business is, the more expensive the end product,” he says. “It’s a balance we strike at Plamil by analyzing and looking at different ingredients and how they’re grown and come together and then making decisions about our supply chain. We look at the environment, the whole ecology and human expense, especially in chocolate. We take a holistic approach to creating ethical products.”
Throughout its 54-year history, Plamil has weathered many storms, including the Global Financial Crisis in 2008 and is now facing the ramifications of Brexit. “The current issue is that the terms of Brexit are unknown and the complexities of the issues are completely underestimated,” says Ling. “Like other companies we’ve taken measures to protect ourselves as far as possible from negative impacts, including selling to customers in euros, buying raw materials in euros and having a dedicated European sales manager based in Holland.”
All Plamil's products, including the new So Free range of chocolate spreads, are made in a dedicated... [+] vegan facility that is free from gluten and other allergens. Plamil Foods
As for the next half century, although Plamil products are sold in most countries, Ling wants to scale up sales and distribution in the US this year, particularly for its new So Free brand of chocolate and chocolate spreads. The recently launched range, which includes formula updates and brightly colored packaging, represents fun and enjoyment – an extension of Ling’s own personality which has earned him the nickname the 'vegan Willy Wonka'. “Having a chocolate factory is fun and there’s not many jobs where you come home and your wife says she can smell chocolate on you!” he chuckles. “All too often vegan or free-from chocolate is as boring as the wrapping, or at best tastes of cardboard. The So Free rebrand of our Plamil chocolate range is a major shift for us, but innovation is what we’re known for. It’s important for a business to never get stuck in the mud. Always look two, three, 10 years ahead as you don’t want to get left behind.”
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2cd363228b0564799d67d034afe39d48 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katrinafox/2018/03/22/meet-the-21-year-old-entrepreneur-and-animal-rights-activist-bringing-vegan-milk-to-india/ | Meet The 21-Year-Old Entrepreneur And Animal Rights Activist Bringing Vegan Milk To India | Meet The 21-Year-Old Entrepreneur And Animal Rights Activist Bringing Vegan Milk To India
After founding and running a nonprofit animal rights organization for two years since the age of 16,... [+] Abhay Rangan founded Veganarke to provide affordable dairy alternatives in India. Alex Fiel
Eighteen months ago Abhay Rangan, a 21-year-old engineering student, was traveling 500km every week on his moped throughout Bangalore in southern India with a backpack full of plant-based milks he and his mother had made in their home kitchen. Not only was this delivery method inefficient, the products weren’t shelf-stable, resulting in many of them spoiling before reaching their destination.
“It was a difficult job,” Rangan admits. “We manufactured our first few thousand liters using our blenders, pots and pans. The challenge was that we were too small to outsource things like manufacturing to someone else, so we had to redo several orders when, for example, the almond milk spoiled before it got to the customer.”
This was the scrappy beginning of Veganarke, the company Rangan founded after starting and running a nonprofit animal rights organization for two years when he was just 16. “We were a bunch of teenagers in different Indian cities doing campaigns for veganism on the streets,” he explains. “A common argument I came across was that the vegan alternatives were expensive. I looked around and there were very few exclusively vegan businesses that were accessible to me on a student budget. Veganarke was born out of a desire to make vegan products affordable and accessible to everyone.”
Word of mouth spread about the company’s almond and coconut milks and soon it had enough customers to allow it to outsource logistics, modify the products to be shelf-stable, and eventually move into a manufacturing facility. Recently the company – whose products have been rebranded as Goodmylk – onboarded a COO and hired an in-house logistics team.
Now, it’s just launched its plant-based milks throughout the whole of India via online sales, as well as become what CEO Rangan claims is the first Indian company to make vegan yoghurt (in the form of a peanut and rice curd) available nationwide. “We developed a shelf-stable vegan yoghurt that doesn’t need refrigeration to stay fresh,” he says. “None of the big players in the plant-based milk market in India are currently focusing on other products such as cheese or butter. We aim to make a wide range of plant-based dairy alternatives accessible under our brand.”
This plan has been given a kickstart, thanks to seed funding of $400,000 from Stephen Sturdivant, a vegan angel investor in Dallas, Texas, who says: “Humans are harming animals, squandering resources, and destroying the environment. [Veganarke] wants to do something about it and when I realized Abhay was also an animal rights activist like myself, I knew he had the brains and the heart to see it through.”
Initially starting out in a home-based kitchen, Veganarke soon made enough sales to allow it to... [+] outsource logistics and production of its plant-based milks. GoodMylk
The funding will be used to buy new machinery, as well as for customer acquisition. “We knew it had to be in the range of $400,000 as we plan to engage in serious brand-building exercises and anything less would be hard to work with,” says Rangan. “We didn’t need any more, and raising more money when you don’t need it is always a bad idea.”
While this is his first ever job and business, Rangan comes from an entrepreneurial family – his mother is an engineering graduate and his father owns a vegan percussion instrument business. He’s also been fortunate to tap into the strong startup culture of Bangalore in the state of Karnataka to help develop his ideas. [article continues]
It’s fair to say he’ll have his work cut out for him. According to a report by the UN and OECD, India is slated to be the world’s largest producer of dairy milk by 2026. In addition to being perceived as healthy and nutritious, dairy products hold cultural significance for many people in India.
Yet Rangan is optimistic about the potential for change. Less than 30% of Goodmylk’s customers are vegan, with the majority being those who are lactose-intolerant or recognize the health benefits of plant-based foods. “There’s definitely growing awareness about why dairy is not all that it’s cracked up to be,” says Rangan. “We plan to talk about why plant-based dairy alternatives are a better way to get nutrients, and that plant-based food is the future that we’re making possible today.”
As part of his plan to ensure that plant-based food and drink is accessible in India, not only physically, but also financially, Rangan has introduced a new monthly subscription box offering, along with low shipping costs for all products. “A huge part of why we can do this is that our products are shelf-stable, completely eliminating the need for refrigeration in any part of the supply chain,” says Rangan. “This drives down distribution costs and enables us to deliver quality, fresh products in a range of weather conditions via surface transport, which is less expensive compared to air. For now, this is the model we’re going to work with, although we’re already looking at better models that reach the customer faster and at a lower cost. These work better with increased order volumes.”
Goodmylk’s almond and coconut milks, along with its vegan yoghurt, have been made shelf-stable,... [+] allowing the company to ship its products across India at low cost. Goodmylk
Veganarke is also keen to work with institutions to replace animal products with those from the Goodmylk range. “We’re currently able to offer vegan yoghurt to institutions at comparable prices to dairy,” says Rangan. “When we have large enough volumes, we aim to start retail. Eventually, the plan is to scale up to a large enough volume that we’re able to beat the prices of dairy, make plant-based milks highly affordable, and run large campaigns to educate consumers.”
It’s a bold venture that Rangan, like other mission-focused entrepreneurs driven by a desire to create a kinder and more equitable world, relishes. “This is still a work in progress, but we’re figuring out ways to talk about the animal rights messaging on our packaging. We’re animal rights activists, first and foremost, and to us, this is a fantastic opportunity to talk about these issues at scale. We love mapping out how best we can give back to the community too, because we’re all in this together.”
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e011f84ec6c0784713f6d6ae351935fa | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katrinafox/2018/07/06/vegan-initiatives-are-taking-off-in-the-corporate-workplace-and-its-good-for-business/ | Vegan Initiatives Are Taking Off In The Corporate Workplace--And It's Good For Business | Vegan Initiatives Are Taking Off In The Corporate Workplace--And It's Good For Business
Vegan cheese maker Miyoko Schinner gives a talk to staff at Dropbox who are members of the company’s... [+] VegBox group. Cole Deloye/VegBox
Nearly three decades ago, Philip Wollen left his position as vice-president of Citibank in Australia after an experience that changed him forever. The merchant banker visited a client’s premises, which was a slaughterhouse, and recognized the agonized screams of the animals inside as being identical to those of his dying father, who was ravaged by cancer.
While devoting his energy and resources to full-time philanthropy since his exit from Citibank, Wollen has stayed in touch with some of his colleagues in the international banking and financial services industry. Over the years he’s taken every opportunity to share with them the devastating impacts of animal agriculture on animals, human health and the environment, and encouraged them to join him in becoming vegan.
Many of these professionals dismissed him as eccentric and outlandish, until 2012 when a speech he made at a debate, ‘Should Animals Be Off the Menu?’, went viral on social media and the reclusive philanthropist – a recipient of the Medal of the Order of Australia and Australian of the Year (Victoria) award – was thrust into the spotlight. Since then, he says, more individuals in the corporate world have started to understand the issues and commit to being part of the solution.
One group, Vegan Leaders in Corporate Management (VLCM), is playing an instrumental role in facilitating this culture shift at large corporations. Started in 2014 by Darina Bockman, Senior Finance Director, Global Projects & Information Systems, at commercial real estate services firm CBRE in San Diego, California, VLCM is a platform that mobilizes influential vegans working in large corporations and supports them to advance plant-based initiatives.
“My personal experience had fueled this idea,” Bockman explains. “I was a vegan activist but also a rising Fortune 500 professional, and I felt there was no community encompassing both. I believed that the vegan lifestyle was a logical fit for high achievers in business – based on the same values of personal leadership, integrity, quest for knowledge and truth and so on. But the ‘corporate’ vegans needed a community that was all about non-fringe image, pragmatism, strategy and professionalism.”
Since its inception four years ago, VLCM has amassed more than 2,300 members and around 600 additional followers on LinkedIn, with a steady average of two to three new joiners every day. Around a third of members work at Fortune 500 companies and at least 224 work at Fortune 100 companies. “It could be more than that if the employment is with a subsidiary of a Fortune 100 company,” says Bockman.
Some of the companies with VLCM members include Amazon, American Airlines, American Express, Apple, AT&T, Bank of America, Best Buy, Boeing, Citibank, Coca-Cola, Dropbox, ExxonMobil, Facebook, General Electric, General Motors, Hewlett-Packard, Home Depot, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Morgan Stanley, Nike, Target, UPS, Verizon, Walmart, and Wells Fargo, among many others.
Bockman estimates that 20-35% of members work in senior management (Director and above) and besides the 387 or 16% with leadership or executive titles (C-suite, General Manager, Partner, Executive Director and so on), many additional members have managerial or director titles within various other listed functions. The group also accepts members who are in the early stages of their career, even business students, if their LinkedIn resume indicates a corporate focus and ambition. “Our assumption is that corporate professionals tend to advance with time,” says Bockman. “Plus, even more junior-level vegans at major companies are a very valuable asset, being role models and drivers of initiatives.”
Darina Bockman, a senior finance director at commercial real estate firm CBRE, started Vegan Leaders... [+] in Corporate Management to unite influential vegans at large companies. Darina Bockman
In terms of gender, Bockman estimates close to 50-50, with perhaps slightly more women members. “We’re very pleased to see a roughly equal proportion of male vegans,” she says. “There’s still this expectation in certain parts of society that the vegan lifestyle is not ‘manly’. Our numbers indicate that corporate professionals that are vegan can just as likely be men as women.” Age-wise, she estimates that most members are between 35-50, with an average age of around 40, and approximately 20% of members are under 30.
As well as connecting corporate vegans with each other, VLCM also provides them with tools and resources to initiate plant-based projects in their workplace. The most recent addition is the Vegan Leaders Playbook. This is a comprehensive guide, available to download as a PDF from the VLCM website, providing detailed strategies, information, statistics, email templates and case studies from employees who have rolled out successful vegan initiatives.
Benefits of vegan initiatives to employers
Case studies listed in the playbook include initiatives that have happened over the past 12 months at IBM, Qualcomm, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Caterpillar, General Electric, Volkswagen and Google. As well as inviting renowned vegan speakers, including MD and nutritionist Dr Michael Greger to speak to employees, Google also trialed New Wave Foods’ plant-based shrimp in its café. A board member of Fred Meyer/Kroger’s Cultural Council is also noted as having conducted an employee survey about dietary choices. “Based on findings, she collaborated with the cafeteria and events teams to improve vegan options,” says Bockman. “Early successes included better labeling, separating ingredients, and even having [plant-based firm] Beyond Meat’s products at the company barbecue.”
Facebook and Dropbox have also seen successful employee-driven vegan initiatives. Before she left the company, software engineer Phaedra Anestassia started a Plant-Based Life group at Facebook in 2016. Just a few weeks after the launch, it had attracted over 200 members interested in healthy living, sustainability and self-improvement. A few months later the group had grown by 25% and organized nearly a dozen events around the company’s headquarters in Menlo Park, California.
Anestassia initially started the group as an informal “lean in circle”, until Facebook established a formal structure for corporate clubs and the Plant-Based Life@FB group was born, which is still open to employees to join (the group is currently looked after by a board at Facebook). Key to her success, she notes, was focusing on topics of interest to staff, as well as partnering and co-organizing events with other groups within the company to boost attendance. Bringing high-caliber speakers in the areas of sustainability, disease prevention and evidence-based diets, along with offering gifts, helped to incentivize employees to attend.
Over at Dropbox, 26-year-old Cole Deloye wasted no time in rejuvenating a dormant VegBox group, just a month after joining the company as a compensation analyst in April last year. While his passion is animal advocacy, he decided to use buzzwords such as ‘plant-based’ and ‘sustainability’ to attract a wide range of employees, particularly those who don’t identify as vegan or vegetarian.
Deloye immediately contacted vegan public figures to speak to the group and liaised with the chef to discuss food sourcing and vegan options. He enlisted the help of the company’s in-house design team to create a logo for the group and put up an internal webpage for it. On the launch day Deloye emailed Dropbox’s entire San Francisco office to let them know about the group and invited them to join the Google Group and Slack Channel. The following week VegBox held its first lunch meetup.
The group – which currently has around 85 members – has since held a wine and cheese tasting event that included renowned vegan cheese maker Miyoko Schinner, who gave a talk and donated her artisanal cheese that was paired with Dropbox wine, and Deloye has plans for other notable speakers including vegan athlete and entrepreneur Brendan Brazier. He also requested book donations from animal protection organizations to add to the company’s library, and started a book club, which began with reading Jonathan Safran Foer’s Eating Animals. He’s also aiming for VegBox to donate 20 Dropbox accounts to nonprofits this year (each staff member can donate one Dropbox Business account to a nonprofit of their choice).
Gene Baur (left) from Farm Sanctuary donates a copy of his book Living the Farm Sanctuary Life to... [+] VegBox group leader Cole DeLoye (right) to put into the library at Dropbox. Cole Deloye/VegBox
While Deloye points out that Dropbox was already a veg-friendly workplace, offering vegan options with its free breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks, afternoon tea and Friday happy hours, he’s keen to stress the benefits to companies of transitioning to a plant-based workplace. “In addition to reducing the costs of our in-house restaurant and snacks by dropping meat, the long-term benefits would be the overall employee health and wellbeing, plus the social goodwill of having a lower carbon footprint and being more animal-friendly,” he says. “Our society is increasingly putting more social capital on animal welfare causes and all companies would benefit from advertising their support of these causes.”
While millennials are strong adopters of vegan living, and these kinds of initiatives appeal to staff from this demographic, making a company a more attractive place to work, it’s not just the younger generations driving change.
Terry Barnes is the Finance Director, Global Capital Management, at General Motors (GM) in Detroit, Michigan. A vegetarian for 22 years and vegan for the past four, Barnes joined VLCM to connect with other corporate vegans and be inspired to encourage and support plant-based initiatives at GM. To this end, he’s offered to sponsor the vegan burgers at the company’s annual picnic this year and is liaising with the executive chef to make current vegetarian options at the cafeteria vegan, as well as improve signage to clearly indicate which options are vegan. [article continues]
Barnes also invites his team to his home for a mid-year appreciation lunch which features gourmet vegan whole foods cooked by his wife. “Most of my staff rave about the food and virtually everything is eaten,” he says. “Over the years, I’ve observed that people have become more curious than judgmental. They may ask questions about the foods that I eat, nutritional questions, or whether my reasons for being vegan are related to health or ethics, but rarely is anyone offensive like they used to be. The changed reaction could be partially attributable to me being an executive, but I believe it’s also attributable to veganism having become more normal than when I started my career.”
Terry Barnes, Finance Director, Global Capital Management, at General Motors in Detroit has seen a... [+] positive change in attitude in the corporate world towards veganism and plant-based eating over the past several years. Terry Barnes
GM’s Manager, Global Wellness & Voluntary Benefits, Joshua D. Erdei, has also recognized the benefits of plant-based living on employee health, sanctioning a local organization The Plant Based Nutrition Support Group (PBNSG) to conduct more than 10 scheduled events between 2016-2018, as well as set up booths at several of the company’s health fairs, as part of the UAW-GM LifeSteps wellness program. Around 300 employees attended PBNSG’s events and according to Erdei, verbal feedback was “positive”.
Healthy, happy employees also have a positive impact on a company’s bottom line, resulting in fewer sick days, lower insurance costs, and increased productivity, as wellness coach Gigi Carter outlines in her new book The Plant Based Workplace. Jim Glackin, Vice President, Strategic Partners, convinced the HR department at telecommunications firm CenturyLink, which is headquartered in Louisiana, that the company could reduce its insurance costs by sponsoring employees to participate in the McDougall Wellness Program, an eight-day plant-based immersion program. According to Mark Molzen, Issues Manager, Corporate Communications, staff are invited to participate based on the results of their biometric screenings and having certain chronic medical conditions; participation is voluntary but requires a physician’s recommendation as medically necessary.
Since 2015, CenturyLink has put 300 employees through the program and seen beneficial results for both staff and the company. “The overall health costs associated with those who have participated in the program have decreased by approximately 32% and we’ve seen positive improvements in at least seven of the eight traditionally-measured biometrics,” says Molzen. ‘We’re proud to report that of the last group of employees, 99% said they’ve made health-related or lifestyle changes since participating in the program. In addition, it was great for the company by creating a 1:7:1 ROI.”
The annual Veganuary initiative, in which people pledge to go vegan for the month of January (many stick with it permanently afterwards), has also caught the eye of corporations. Co-founder Matthew Glover visited the head chef at TV company Sky UK recently. In a public Facebook post, he reports that the chef is excited about adding more plant-based offerings to the menu, and that the company may take part in Veganuary next year.
And these plant-based initiatives are not just limited to the West. The Green Monday project in Hong Kong works with small to large businesses to promote plant-based eating. One such venture involves a year-long collaboration with casino resort MGM Macau, in which 11,000 employees enjoy eating from an all-plant-based menu at the company’s staff cafeteria every Monday.
As corporations continue to be motivated to demonstrate their commitment to diversity and inclusion, sustainability, and employee health and wellbeing, vegan initiatives are set to grow, and this offers opportunities for plant-based entrepreneurs, particularly in the health and food spaces.
VLCM is already taking things to the next level in terms of supporting vegan employees to drive change in their workplaces. It’s about to roll out a Corporate Initiatives Support Program this year. “The idea is to offer some structured support to people who read the Vegan Leaders Playbook and would like to do something – and would benefit from a mentor, peer group and assigned goals, tasks, deadlines and checkpoints – to develop their idea into tangible steps,” says Bockman.
Smart corporations will be those that support and encourage these kinds of employee-led initiatives, both in terms of helping with marketing them and, where needed, providing financial assistance. The truly progressive ones will transition to a fully plant-based workplace and stand the best chance of achieving a win, not just for shareholders, but for all stakeholders, which includes our society and all of the earth’s inhabitants.
“We have to consider how we make the most of what we’ve got in the gentlest possible way, the most efficient, compassionate and most meaningful way, and that’s the ultimate way of looking at how we run our enterprises,” says Wollen. “I fervently believe that veganism is the engine of redirected economic growth.”
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7ff21383b504192b6b99eee8c8b94115 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyafelssmyth/2020/03/11/the-resiliency-tax-in-the-covid-19-era/ | The Resiliency Tax In The Covid-19 Era | The Resiliency Tax In The Covid-19 Era
Resiliency is sunshine. We’re thrilled when we see it in others; it feels warm when we find it in ourselves. Unlike its bracing cousin grit and its clinical in-law self-efficacy, resiliency is celebratory of people and accomplishments, hopeful in its trajectory and spirit, compelling in its plotline. And as Covid-19 tests our social, institutional, and individual resiliency, wrestling with its gender and race problem is essential.
Resiliency means many things and also a few specific things
“Resiliency” is a broad umbrella for a suite of concepts: it’s a trait, a process, an outcome. It’s individual, community, historical. It’s situational. In each of these, resiliency is coping in the face of acute or chronic challenge and disruption, without leaving a trail of hurt and harm. Resiliency is wily; it helps people grow from experiences, rather than staying stuck or returning to baseline. It’s the bounce back from life’s capricious brutality— the death of a child, divorce, Covid-19 — and life’s potholes— the broken refrigerator, the missed flight.
Rowing's rhythm of stroke and recovery is a lesson in resiliency. Getty
It’s more than the grind. In rowing, the recovery— the time between the oars being taken from the water and placed back in— is longer than the catch and drive— the action that propels the boat forward. But rush the recovery, and the stroke falls apart. Similarly, resiliency requires recovery for endurance.
The science and industry of personal resiliency
Resiliency research began nearly a century ago, the progeny of growing interest in child development, the “science of parenting,” and child psychiatry. While its application beyond children took a step forward in the 50s and 60s, the late 90s and early 2000s saw a resurgence of interest with positive psychology and societal attempts to sense-make around economic and social calamities. The genetic basis for resilience means we’re each born more or less sensitive to life’s dings; the actual dings we experience and the protective factors coincident with them interact with this genetic predisposition in a constantly evolving feedback loop throughout our life. For some, the alchemy leads to a virtuous resiliency trajectory. For others, a damning paralysis sets in; for most people, it’s a mix.
Resiliency’s plasticity spawned an industry spanning the ivory tower, pop psychology self-publishing, and classrooms and playgrounds across the country, dedicated to increasing resiliency in children. Professional development workshops, courses, and a publishing subgenre give adults something to work with, too. Across the board, skills in self-regulation, leaning on social supports, meaning-making from events, making do with what’s on hand, and keeping an eye on purpose all keep our genetics from being the sole determinant of how life wears us.
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To focus only on individual resiliency, as magnificent as it is, is to miss a larger truth
As our national love affair with resiliency grows, more and more programs focus on helping people with the deck stacked against them become even more resilient. And while building resiliency for those with privilege has generally focused on finding time for the recovery, building resiliency for those struggling at society’s margins usually focuses on the catch and drive, when perhaps what people desperately need is space for recovery.
But the problem is bigger than the individual stroke. Poverty, racism, sexism, homophobia are societally enabled and structurally reinforced. Life’s capricious brutality can be systemically amplified— the death of a child when medication became unaffordable— and its potholes become sinkholes— the missed bus that leads to being fired. The resiliency that must be generated and expended to survive these threats and indignities is form-shaping and powerful.
The national love affair with individual resiliency often throws into the shadows the very structural and social realities that demand these resiliency reserves of some people more than others. It’s hard enough to quarantine or figure out how to work from home with kids whose schools are suddenly shuttered. Add in navigating childcare when you have to show up for shift work and the resiliency required skyrockets. When stigma and racism are added to the mix, the resiliency required to get to baseline is daunting.
Our national ability to weather the COVID 19 crisis is highly dependent on the resiliency of women ... [+] of color. Boston Globe via Getty Images
Covid-19 is shining a light on this for those who choose to look and act. The role of systems and structures to protect or render vulnerable is being felt across incomes and race. Those who haven’t needed as much resiliency are calling for unlimited sick leave for themselves, and then for others, until they are suddenly that much more proximate to the reality that many Americans don’t have any paid sick leave. Reckoning with the reality that the people most immediately hurt by rightly canceled conferences and vacations are the hospitality staff means seeing that those who will have to be most resilient are those who have long had to be most resilient, predominantly women of color, paid by the hour.
This moment offers a choice: to stop at celebrating the stories that will soon surface, those of heroics in the face of extraordinary adversity, or to also sit with and address the uncomfortable reality that our country is fueled by the resiliency of some in the face of systems stacked against them. The need to create and then metabolize resiliency at a ferocious rate is the reality of getting by for too many people in America. It is a hidden tax on those who can least afford it. This resiliency isn’t sunny and cheerful. It’s the resiliency Audre Lorde writes of in A Litany for Survival. It’s fiery and complex.
Reframing resiliency
The goal is not that everyone is equally, exquisitely resilient. It is that race, gender, orientation, religion, disability and more don’t force greater levels and frequency of endurance and offer fewer opportunities for recovery. The need for a public health, not just individual medical response, to Covid-19 offers an opportunity to steer into this reality, focusing on fostering resilient workplaces and communities, and remediating the resiliency tax exacted of those who already struggle the most. If we want exposed people to stay home, it can’t cost them their jobs. Some of the potentially bipartisan responses are leaning in the right direction. More broadly, addressing the resiliency tax requires that leaders:
Use positional and soft power to shift environments and contexts towards being fundamentally fair— so that gender, orientation, race, religion, and other factors aren’t predictive of who will need to be more resilient and who will just glide by. Don’t demand disproportionate resiliency from those with fewer resources. Remove obstacles; don’t just equip people to overcome them. Attend to the recovery stroke of resiliency, not just the catch and drive.
Because resiliency isn’t sunshine. It’s heat and fire that can forge new realities for people and society. Reframing resiliency to consider context and conditions, not just individual characteristics, is needed. And carrying this thinking beyond the crisis of Covid-19 is leadership.
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db39a49eff918d4ddf20cd144bff77a6 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyafelssmyth/2020/05/29/it-should-appall-us-that-equity-is-a-new-framework-for-leadership-but-it-is/ | It Should Appall Us That Equity Is A New Framework For Leadership. But It Is. | It Should Appall Us That Equity Is A New Framework For Leadership. But It Is.
My fellow organizational leaders, especially my fellow white leaders: Employees’ expense reports can wait. That promotional-spot recording can wait. That staff satisfaction survey can wait.
We are not helping our colleagues connect with a sense of normalcy amidst a pandemic by holding to arbitrary timelines, when all around us all is the arbitrary use of power and control.
We cannot continue to make attention to equity an optional part of leadership. Anadolu Agency via Getty Images
We are not leaders because of where we sit on an organizational chart. Because leadership and power and authority are not the same. And we are surrounded by leaders whose inter-generational resilience is greater than what many of us have shown. Who move forward when all the signs say turn back, don’t go here, the path isn’t clear. Who don’t get promoted because they are women. Because they are people of color.
White leaders, we are not leaders unless we show up, but don't take up space. Give back the oxygen we've taken from rooms for years. Pass the mike. Listen with humility. Feel outrage, but do not pretend our outrage is more proximate or more searing than is that of our colleagues of color. Know that we know Amy Coopers. That some of us are Amy Coopers. That we are in relationship with people who don’t think what she did is wrong. That we might think ourselves brave leaders on the Zoom call with an investor and shirk our responsibility to interrupt racism with our friends.
Philanthropy, that June 1st deadline is not special. The import will still be there in a week. The deadline we missed— that our country missed— is equity’s deadline. That missed deadline and all the promises made and broken — those matter more. Those cannot wait.
My fellow white CEOs, what cannot wait is our showing up. And recognizing that we are here because the country worked for us. That is not an accident.
What cannot wait is our pointing to the places we have been given the benefit of the doubt, where we assumed the police would protect us and our children.
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What cannot wait is our recognizing we have work to do. What cannot wait is our doing that work. Not just you; me too. I have work to do. I am a quarter-mile into an anti-racist marathon, and because I am a white CEO, I get cheered for my quarter-mile. My colleagues of color have run the marathon and too many of us white people expect them to line the marathon route, cheering us for every step of a journey on a course designed to make us look good.
We need to run harder and faster without cheering. We need to staff our own water stations on the marathon route.
That zero inbox is not important now. It does not mean things are okay and that we are in control. It does not mean we are doing our job. It is not an indicator of our value.
Because for too long power has not recognized the messages coming to our national inbox. Hundreds of years of mothers keening for children taken from them. Hundreds of years of the purposeful separation of fathers from their families. Pleas and protests and knees taken. A Black quarterback’s knee on the ground is a threat. A white officer’s knee on a Black neck is ... what?
What do we call George Floyd’s death?
Do we call it murder?
What we call it says a lot about where we are nationally. What we call it in the workplace— if we call it anything in the workplace, if we allow it to be discussed in the workplace— it says a lot about whether we fully see our colleagues. Whether we see hundreds of years of white knees on Black necks.
Whether we see hundreds of years of privilege being marked by how much a person can count on breath in the face of indigenous genocide. Slavery. Jim Crow. COVID. The police, a descendent of slave patrols.
CEOs, managers, Supervisors, especially, but not only, if we are white: Let us step back. So breath can fill in.
My Forbes “swim lane” is new frameworks for leadership.
It should appall us all that equity is a new framework for leadership. But it is.
It is late. So, so late. But not quite too late.
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c2b207844c3204f05987c18359f83152 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyagorchinskaya/2020/02/17/ukraine-prepares-to-snub-china-in-aerospace-deal-with-us-help/?sh=40d64a27328c | Ukraine Prepares To Snub China In Aerospace Deal With U.S. Help | Ukraine Prepares To Snub China In Aerospace Deal With U.S. Help
ZAPORIZHZHIA, UKRAINE - DECEMBER 13, 2019 - JSC Motor Sich in Zaporizhzhia, one of the largest ... [+] engine manufacturers for airplanes and helicopters worldwide - PHOTOGRAPH BY Ukrinform / Barcroft Media (Photo credit should read Dmytro Smolyenko/ Ukrinform / Barcroft Media via Getty Images) Barcroft Media via Getty Images
Withholding U.S. defense aid to Ukraine became the talk of town in Washington D.C. during the impeachment hearings. Meanwhile, a different drama has been unfolding in Ukraine around a key strategic aerospace company, Motor Sich, that the U.S. is trying to stop China from buying.
Ukraine’s antitrust authority is preparing a case to potentially block a deal that would give Beijing access to unique defense technology, and the U.S. diplomacy and technical assistance has played a key role in the process, according to the agency’s chairman.
The final decision on the deal is expected by the end of March.
Created in 1907, Motor Sich is a leading manufacturer of helicopter and aircraft engines, including engines for the world’s largest cargo plane An-225, also known as “Mriya.” A major chunk of its business is also built around servicing and upgrading Soviet-made defense technology.
Motor Sich has clients in some 120 countries, especially those that historically built their military capacity using Soviet-made technology.
In June, Chinese aerospace company Skyrizon announced they were buying a controlling stake in the enterprise for an undisclosed amount, pending approval of Ukraine’s Antimonopoly Committee.
But now the antitrust authority says it might have a strong case against the deal, which has become a major sticking point in the global military and political rivalry between China and the U.S.
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The latter has worked hard to halt the deal, and will most likely succeed in its effort.
“Currently we are effectively investigating two issues: the market consequences of this transaction, and the second - we are investigating the fact that the Chinese side may have illegally acquired control over Motor Sich as of the beginning of 2017,” says Yuriy Terentyev, chairman of the Antimonopoly Committee.
Terentyev says there is a trove of independent evidence that Skyrizon already controls Motor Sich through offshore companies.
Moreover, President of Motor Sich Vyacheslav Boguslayev told the national press agency Ukrinform in December that the sale had indeed been finalized.
“I could close the plant, cut the number of workers. This was a problem ahead of me. We found an investor… Owners of shares sold them through our stock exchange. I sold my shares,” the agency quoted Boguslayev as saying.
ZAPORIZHZHIA, UKRAINE - DECEMBER 13, 2019 - Picture Shows: President and General Designer ... [+] Vyacheslav Boguslayev at JSC Motor Sich in Zaporizhzhia, one of the largest engine manufacturers for airplanes and helicopters worldwide - PHOTOGRAPH BY Ukrinform / Barcroft Media (Photo credit should read Dmytro Smolyenko/ Ukrinform / Barcroft Media via Getty Images) Barcroft Media via Getty Images
Motor Sich and Skyrizon did not respond to requests for comment for this story.
Anton Ponomarenko, general manager for Beijing Xinwei Technology in Ukraine, the group behind the deal that controls Skyrizon, says a group of Chinese individuals have long owned more than 80% of Motor Sich.
The shares were bought legally in 2016-17 and in portions each less than 10% of the company, which did not require approval by the Antimonopoly Committee, he says.
“But for serious investments, the company needs better manageability, which is why an application for concentration was filed, meaning purchase from a group of Chinese by one Chinese person,” Ponomarenko says.
If found in violation of antitrust laws, any changes of ownership over the Ukrainian company would be reversed, and Motor Sich could be fined up to 5% of its turnover, which would deal a massive blow to its already dire finances.
The company declared a turnover of $256 million and a loss of $21 million in nine months of 2019, the latest data available. Motor Sich lost a major part of its business in Russia when the war between the two countries broke out and traditional defense ties were severed.
There are other indications that official Kyiv is not expecting the deal to go through.
Last year, the finance ministry budgeted for an income of $100 million from the new Chinese owners as payment into a special fund dedicated to the development of the aerospace industry in Ukraine.
But the 2020 budget contains no such line, Finance Minister Oksana Markarova said. The economy ministry, which oversees developments at Motor Sich, does not expect to receive an income from its sale.
The Ukrainian authorities fear that if a Chinese buyer takes control over Motor Sich, the company will once again open up for Russian business and strengthen its military capacity, thus undermining domestic security.
Ukraine’s Security Service is already investigating alleged illegal supplies of technology to Russia by Motor Sich, an act that could be classified as treason, the agency said in September.
But there is an even bigger geopolitical game at play around Motor Sich, as the United States has manoeuvred to block its sale to China.
In August, U.S. National Security Adviser John Bolton discussed the case with top officials in Ukraine, including President Volodymyr Zelensky. In November, the Wall Street Journal reported that President Donald Trump’s Administration approached Erik Prince, a private security contractor and informal adviser to President Trump to buy the company.
A former senior U.S. official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said that the U.S. government would not object to other buyers, including foreigners. “We just don’t want China to get the deal,” he said.
To complement its diplomatic effort, the U.S. has been working behind the scenes in Ukraine to thwart the deal. Representatives of the United States met with Ukraine’s Antimonopoly Committee at least four times about this case in recent months.
The U.S. Embassy in Ukraine had no comment on this issue.
Terentyev said that the U.S. “gave us part of the information” about Xinwei. In particular, his agency was interested in details about final beneficiaries of offshore companies that currently own Motor Sich, as well as other projects by Xinwei, their ties with Russia, and any outstanding investigations in other jurisdictions against the group and its executives.
The information his agency received from the U.S. and from other channels is currently being analyzed, Terentyev said.
Xinwei has a diverse portfolio of businesses in some 30 countries around the globe in areas ranging from telecommunication networks to an exotic and controversial project like Nicaragua Canal, a $50 billion, 300-kilometer waterway that aims to connect the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean.
But its business has suffered a number of setbacks globally in recent years as deals fell through and the company struggled to pay back loans. In July, Bloomberg reported that the Shanghai-listed company lost $21.5 billion in value since its record high in 2015.
Because of the pending Motor Sich deal, the U.S. Embassy in Ukraine also initiated a letter to the president’s office to create a new investment control procedure for sensitive acquisitions, says Terentyev of the Antimonopoly Committee. His agency supported the process, which would set transparent rules for blocking transfer of strategic technology to third parties.
“We had a number of meetings back in 2018, where representatives of the American Embassy said that Ukraine has no such instrument, and it would make sense to launch it,” Terentyev said.
But multiple sources in the defense industry say it may be too late to worry about the transfer of technology from Motor Sich to China.
“The Chinese may have taken out all of documentation a long time ago, as well as people, but they can’t legalize it [without an acquisition],” says a former Ukrainian defense official who was closely involved in the deal. He spoke on the condition of anonymity for fear of retributions.
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2e89dec5984695d00265e6d4df06064d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyagorchinskaya/2020/02/20/panic-in-ukraine-over-coronavirus-as-evacuees-arrive-from-china/ | Panic In Ukraine Over Coronavirus As Evacuees Arrive From China | Panic In Ukraine Over Coronavirus As Evacuees Arrive From China
A sleepy town of 8,000 people in central Ukraine turned into a hot spot on February 20 as protesters clashed with the police and blocked roads to prevent evacuees from China from arriving at a local medical center for a two-week quarantine.
Busses with passengers from the Ukrainian aircraft chartered by the Ukrainian government for ... [+] evacuation from the Chinese city of Wuhan, leave the the gate upon their landing at airport outside Kharkiv, Ukraine, Thursday, Feb. 20, 2020. Ukraine's effort to evacuate more than 70 people from China due to the outbreak of the new COVID-19 virus was delayed because of bad weather as evacuees travel to a hospital where they are expected to be quarantined. (AP Photo/Igor Chekachkov) ASSOCIATED PRESS
Nine police officers and one civilian were injured as a result of the clashes, and two criminal cases opened for violent attacks.
Residents of Novi Sanzhary in Ukraine’s Poltava region took to the streets out of fear that their town could be exposed to COVID-19, a coronavirus that has affected more than 75,000 and killed more than 2,000 people globally.
No cases have been registered in Ukraine, however.
“People are unhappy that our town is receiving these people,” local resident Serhiy Oliynyk told Zik television station. “Coronavirus is one of the most dangerous diseases that exist.”
In reality, the fatality rate for COVID-19 is about 2.3%, according to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
President Volodymyr Zelensky attempted to calm people down by issuing a statement on his Facebook page.
“Security measures are unprecedented. We have done everything possible and impossible to guarantee that the virus will not get to Ukraine,” he said.
Hundreds of police were out in the streets of Novi Sanzhary to keep order, and an armored personnel vehicle was used to pull cars and barricades apart, according to a witness.
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Ukrainian police gather to block protesters who planed to stop busses with passengers from the ... [+] Ukrainian aircraft chartered by the Ukrainian government for evacuation from the Chinese city of Wuhan, outside Novi Sarzhany village, Ukraine, Thursday, Feb. 20, 2020. Several hundred residents in Ukraine's Poltava region protested to stop officials from quarantining the evacuees in their village because they feared becoming infected. Demonstrators put up road blocks and burned tires, while Ukrainian media reported that there were clashes with police, and more than 10 people were detained. (AP Photo) ASSOCIATED PRESS
A total of 45 Ukrainians and 27 foreign nationals were brought back from Wuhan by airplane on Thursday, the State Emergency Service said. They were accompanied by 22 crew members and doctors who will also stay under quarantine.
Three Ukrainians and one foreign national were prevented from traveling back by the Chinese doctors who checked all passengers before they boarded the plane, Deputy Health Minister Viktor Lyashko said.
“We are asking not to create panic, preserve common sense and understand that in any situation, one must remain human. Each of us or people dear to us could have found themselves in that place,” Lyashko said.
Protests erupted in several localities in Ukraine in the days before evacuation. Some 300 people took to the streets on February 18 in the town of Vinnyky in Lviv region in Western Ukraine after staff at the local hospital were given a refresher course on how to fight viral infections.
Prior to that, former governor of Lviv region Oleg Synyutka speculated on Facebook that the central government decided to send evacuees from China to his region as “revenge for patriotism.”
In another western Ukrainian town of Ternopil people built barricades out of concrete blocks, and held a prayer against both the virus and the evacuees. “We’re having a prayer to get the god to help stave off all of this from us,” one local resident said.
In Kyiv, the State Security Service announced they are investigating the source of a mass email that claimed that COVID-19 virus arrived to Ukraine. The email was disguised as coming from the health ministry.
Evacuation of people from Wuhan was surrounded by secrecy, rumors and confusion. The authorities failed to effectively communicate the lack of danger from the passengers ahead of their arrival, and kept their destination secret.
The plane coming from China first flew in the direction of the Kharkiv airport in eastern Ukraine and circled around that airport, fueling confusion and speculation in social media.
In this handout photo provided by the Ukrainian Presidential Press Office, a member of medical ... [+] personnel stands ready at the Ukrainian aircraft chartered by the Ukrainian government for evacuation from the Chinese city of Wuhan, lands at Borispil international airport outside Kyiv, Ukraine, Thursday, Feb. 20, 2020. A plane carrying evacuees from Wuhan, including over 45 Ukrainians and a number of foreign passengers landed ahead of a 14-day quarantine in the country. (Ukrainian Presidential Press Office via AP) ASSOCIATED PRESS
Then, the plane went to the capital Kyiv to fuel up, and returned to Kharkiv for security and customs checks on the tarmac. The passengers were then bussed to Novi Sanzhary.
Angry residents threw rocks at the bus and the police and burned tires as the buses approached the medical facility.
The town’s council made a plea to the president and the health minister to not send evacuees from China to their town because the medical facility “lacks any conditions for quarantine.”
Meanwhile, Interior Minister Arsen Avakov traveled to the town to assure the local residents that all people arriving from China are healthy and pose no risk.
“They have no symptoms, we’re talking about non-infected people here,” he told an improvised meeting.
He also assured them that the evacuees will be guarded for the whole duration of their stay at the medical facility of the National Guard, to ensure they have no contacts with the population.
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0880874ebccc835df480d95711d8da56 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyagorchinskaya/2020/03/03/first-case-of-coronavirus-registered-in-ukraine/ | First Case Of Coronavirus Registered In Ukraine | First Case Of Coronavirus Registered In Ukraine
Lvivelektrotrans employees in protective coveralls disinfect a bus due to the Covid-19 outbreak in ... [+] European countries, Lviv, western Ukraine. - PHOTOGRAPH BY Ukrinform / Barcroft Studios / Future Publishing (Photo credit should read MARKIIAN LYSEIKO/ Ukrinform/Barcroft Media via Getty Images) Barcroft Media via Getty Images
The first case of COVID-19 infection was registered in the western Ukrainian city of Chernivtsi, the health ministry said in a statement on Tuesday.
The victim is a man who traveled from Italy by plane to the Romania town of Suceava on February 26, and then on to Ukraine by car with his wife. The couple were screened for fever at the border, but displayed no symptoms and were allowed to travel home.
The man was hospitalized on February 29 after he developed fever and a dry cough, and the positive test results for COVID-19 arrived late on Monday, deputy health minister Viktor Lyashko said.
His wife still has no symptoms, but has now self-isolated at home.
The local authorities in Chernivtsi were alerted about the arrival of the virus on Tuesday.
“Today at about 10 o’clock we received an official confirmation from the Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine that a positive result was obtained at the stage of diagnosis at the National Virology Laboratory,” acting director of Chernivtsi Regional Laboratory Center of Ukraine’s Health Ministry Natalia Hopko said at a briefing on Tuesday.
The Chernivtsi regional administration said that now that the case was confirmed, they will start identifying people who were in contact with the infected man during his trip from Italy.
“We’re contacting the Romanian colleagues to get their help identifying adjoining seats in the plane where they [the couple] were sitting, and establish the contact people on board the plane,” Interfax-Ukraine news agency quoted head of the regional administration Serhiy Osadchuk as saying.
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Ukraine has been preparing for the potential arrival of the epidemic. The health ministry designated a hospital in each of the country’s 24 regions to deal with infection, and seven more in the capital Kyiv.
Also, an Emergencies Services helicopter is equipped for transportation of the infected people. It’s staffed with Ukrainian doctors who worked on West Africa’s Ebola epidemic. Ukraine is ready to admit 2,500 patients to these hospitals, according to Lyashko.
Meanwhile, last week the border service started screening all people arriving to Ukraine for fever, and the health ministry set up a specialized website with up-to-date information on COVID-19.
Ukraine’s low-cost airline SkyUp suspended flights to China early last month, and Hungarian low-cost airline WizzAir announced it will reduce the number of its flights to Italy, effective March 11.
Five Ukrainians have been diagnosed with coronavirus outside of Ukraine, one in Italy and four in Japan, according to the health ministry data.
Also, Ukraine evacuated 45 of its nationals and 27 foreigners from Wuhan last month, and placed them under quarantine in a police hospital in Poltava region, in central Ukraine.
None of the evacuees have displayed any symptoms of COVID-19. Their quarantine runs out on March 5.
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e706398c57cdfafc8a23994e6bcf715b | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyagorchinskaya/2020/03/04/new-cabinet-in-ukraine-points-to-pivot-in-economic-policy/ | New Cabinet In Ukraine Points To Pivot In Economic Policy | New Cabinet In Ukraine Points To Pivot In Economic Policy
Newly elected Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmygal speaks to lawmakers during a session of ... [+] Ukrainian Parliament, in Kyiv, Ukraine, on 04 March, 2020. Ukrainian Parliament voited for appointment of Denys Shmygal as new Ukraine's Prime minister. (Photo by STR/NurPhoto via Getty Images) NurPhoto via Getty Images
Ukraine’s Cabinet of Ministers got a major reshuffle on March 4, ending a dramatic week of political turbulence and hectic last-minute negotiations with candidates for ministerial jobs.
The nation’s youngest and most liberal government in history was replaced by seasoned officials who have held senior jobs before, but who failed to leave a strong reform track record. A key seat in the economy and agriculture ministry remains vacant, however.
The appointment of the new government is a significant departure from the philosophy of having all new faces in power, which was proclaimed by Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky after he was swept to office less than a year ago.
It also indicates a potential shift in economic policy as the president and the new prime minister stressed the importance of supporting the industry and prioritizing social expenditure - a far cry from the liberal policies promoted by the ousted Cabinet.
Zelensky said that a new government is needed because ordinary people have not seen any improvement in their wellbeing under the previous cabinet, which only lasted for half a year.
“This was a government of new faces, but it’s not enough to have new faces. We need new brains and new hearts,” Zelensky said.
Zelensky’s decision to reshape the cabinet comes in the wake of a sharp decline in his popularity. Only 38% of Ukrainians would have voted for him in February, according to Socis Group, a pollster. More than 73% supported him during elections in 2019.
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Ukraine’s president said that the government’s new priorities will include increasing pensions and salaries, jailing corrupt officials, keep miners happy and cutting wages for civil servants.
Echoing Zelensky’s sentiment, newly appointed Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal said that his new government will change the budget to increase social expenditures.
“Ukrainians have to see and know that the state protects them,” he said.
Some observers say that the new government represents not just a shift towards greater populism, but the strengthening of oligarch groups that have had a tight grip on Ukraine’s economy for years.
The outgoing Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk said his government has angered many.
“We have fought corruption in all areas entrusted to us by the president, parliament and the Ukrainian people. We busted a lot of shady schemes, and got a lot of dirt poured over us in the media in over the last month. But we did not back down,” he said in his final speech in parliament.
In contrast, the new prime minister had a successful executive career in the holding group of Rinat Akhmetov, Ukraine’s richest man, whose businesses were affected by some of the reforms conducted by Honcharuk.
Hlib Vyshlinsky, executive director of Centre for Economic Strategy, a private think tank, says that president had a chance and popular support to destroy corruption in Ukraine and weaken the oligarchs grip on the economy, but has failed to use it.
“Instead, [he] will change the ranking of oligarchs by influence and, while he is at it, will destroy the macro stability achieved by predecessors,” he says.
“The motto of the day is ‘Ukraine never misses a chance to miss a chance’,” says Vyshlinsky.
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c93294a0f81c3b18361d0ca4a7861d96 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyasoldak/2013/04/27/changing-the-financial-landscape-in-russia-is-not-an-easy-task/ | Changing The Financial Landscape In Russia Is Not An Easy Task | Changing The Financial Landscape In Russia Is Not An Easy Task
Earlier this year, with the Moscow Exchange’s IPO, Russia opened its financial market to the rest of the world as part of Russia president Vladimir Putin’s plan to modernize the country and attract international investors. In the US, venture capitalists and hedge funds managers are generally still cautious. But for pioneers looking for cutting edge and potentially lucrative investments, Russia may seem worth the risk. However, Russia's entrance into capital markets presents a number of challenges.
Moscow skyline
“We’d like to show that Russia is changing,” said Andrey Shemetov, Deputy CEO of the Moscow Exchange, while visiting New York for an investment conference. “So people would understand that bears don’t walk the streets and no one runs around in winter fur hats in the summer. There are financial changes in the country.”
Until recently Russia’s security market remained isolated from international markets and in order to access capital, Russian companies had to go to London or New York. The Moscow Exchange, Russia’s highly diversified trading platform offering stocks, bonds, derivatives, Forex and money-making instruments, had its IPO in February. The European Bank of Reconstruction and Development was one of the initial investors; China Investment Corporation and a number of global emerging funds took advantage of the IPO and are now among its shareholders. The largest stake is owned by The Central Bank of Russia and, combined with other state-owned entities, the government’s stake totals 46%.
In recent months management, with the help of Russia’s government, has pushed through fundamental reforms in order to provide access for international investors and, ultimately (they hope) to make Moscow a hub for capital market activity. Reforms include establishing of a central securities depository, opening up the bond market to Euroclear and Clearstream, and, most recently, upgrading the settlement of Russian securities to T+2 to eliminate prepayment for traders. The first Russia-listed exchange-traded fund is supposed to go live this month.
Laura Brank, managing partner at Dechert LLC’s Moscow office, said in an emailed comment that her clients (Dechert is an international law firm with origins in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with expertise in private equities, securities and capital markets) have given positive feedback on the new Central Securities Depository and says there is interest in listing in Russia. Despite changes in legislation, however, there is still a lot of ambiguity on how in practice ETFs would work in Russia. “There is still a lot to do to create a truly transparent, predictable functioning market,” Brank said.
Since the Moscow Exchange had its IPO, Russian markets fell noticeably on crude oil, and last week the MICEX index dropped to the lowest level since November 2012. But Russians don’t get discouraged.
“We would like to find smart investors that know the market,” Shemetov said. “Of course the Russian market is an emerging market… The expectations should be right.” Feedback and strategic advice is something that the Moscow Exchange would appreciate, as it would money from investors experienced in western markets.
Among recent news on the Russian front is the country’s slashing of its GDP growth forecast for 2013 to 2.4%--down from previous 3.6% -- based mainly on Russia's 1.1 % growth rate in the first quarter, down from 4.8% in 2012.
While economic growth is essential for a diversified business like the Moscow Exchange, the risks for investors also include uncertainty over policy reforms as well as weaker than expected volumes, linked to pricing pressure on trading and listing fees and increased competition from other exchanges.
The world’s economy is not in a good place in general and Russian economic uncertainty is just another reason US investors are wary.
“Economies and stock market are two different animals now,” says Alen Valdes, Director of Floor Operations for DME Securities in New York. In the US, he said, the economy is weak, with a 7.6% unemployment rate and millions of people on food stamps, but the stock market is strong. Same in Russia, he said, the market can get strong despite weakening economy. His company, however, refrains from investing in Russian stock market and deals primarily with companies that have underlying assets.
One of the challenges in making Russia more attractive -- as strange as it sounds in the 21st century – is the fear of communism and memories of the Iron Curtain. Mark Otto, director at Knight Capital Americas, an American global financial services firm that deals with emerging economies, primarily China, says that one of the concerns about investing in Russia – in addition to a commodities-based economy and high risk of inflation – is “the fear of government bringing in regulations and taxation.”
The Moscow Exchange attempts to create sound corporate governance that sets the tone for other institutions in Russia and eases international business. Speaking about changing the financial markets landscape in Russia, Shemetov said: “Our first goal is to be a good example of Russian financial infrastructure”
Lingering Iron Curtain memories may seem like an issue too silly to form a real roadblock (after all, the USSR collapsed more than two decades ago), but it turns out Americans are still fearful: “The Americans that are part of the baby boomers grew up as part of the cold war and the fear that was instilled – and the whole idea of the KGB versus our CIA – that has to go away,” said Ben Willis, senior floor broker for Albert Fried & Company at the New York Stock Exchange. He added, “I don’t think that Russia will have the same image of the younger generation that is entering the marketplace now.”
This generational change will happen over time but investors could continue thinking of Russia as a “communistic state” with managed democracy and a government-regulated economy unless the overall business climate improves. Investors are keeping an eye on the correlation between Russian politics and business and the perception is that the government, not the market, decides who runs the most lucrative businesses and profits on opportunities.
Brank thinks that no matter how much is done to remove barriers and open access, capital flight continues to be a problem. “The perception remains that Russia is a tough place to do business and this hurts the government's ability to attract capital.”
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8705c9237932f0b40ba3f15a964cd031 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyasoldak/2013/06/21/pussy-riot-revisited/ | Pussy Riot Revisited | Pussy Riot Revisited
Last year, the punk-band Pussy Riot caused quite a stir for several months. The all-girl group of Russian performance artists performed an anti-Putin prayer at a Moscow cathedral in February 2012 and was subsequently arrested.
Prosecuted for “hooliganism motivated by religious hatred,” the women were sentenced to two-years in penal colonies and Pussy Riot virtually fell off the media radar.
Pussy Riot - A Punk Prayer in Times Square; photo: documentary's Facebook Page
But recently the band’s story was brought back to life courtesy of an HBO documentary called “Pussy Riot: A Punk Prayer,” directed by Michael Lerner and Maxim Pozdorovkin.
The documentary, released this month, was screened at the Human Rights Film Festival in New York and will continue showing in the US, the UK and possibly in other countries around the world. Among human rights activists and those versed in Russian issues the film has raised new questions, such as why Putin allowed the trial to happen (to force a divide in Russian society to benefit his political position?) and the issue over a new, controversial bill recently approved by the Lower House of the Russian parliament that criminalizes “blasphemy,” i.e. insulting people's religious beliefs.
Pussy Riot at a Moscow cathedral
Pretty much everyone in the whole hip world is, to some extent, familiar with the story of Pussy Riot: a small group of girls in skimpy outfits, neon tights and colorful balaclavas that broke into a Russian Orthodox cathedral during service and sang a prayer against Putin. They didn’t finish the song and were kicked out. Shortly afterward, Nadya Tolokonnikova, Masha Alyukhina, and Katia Samutsevich were arrested; put through a bizarre trial and incarcerated. One of them, Katia, was granted an appeal and was released.
The story attracted intense international attention: Amnesty International called them prisoners of conscience; Madonna, Sting, Paul McCartney, and Yoko Ono publicly expressed their support. There were protests, concerts, fundraisers around the world in support of Pussy Riot and artistic freedom of expression, against human rights abuse in Russia.
There was fragmented media coverage available on the internet – videos, news, transcripts of the trial, social media – but no compelling story to connect the parts together. Now there is an entire film.
Nadya, Katia, and Masha of Pussy Riot
“Pussy Riot: A Punk Prayer” may not be an in-depth documentary exploring Russian issues in all their complexity – it doesn’t show the full extend of the divide in Russia’s civil society and lack of democratic freedoms – but it provides an entertaining account of the events.
In the 90 minute film, the directors follow the Pussy Riot collective from shortly before the famous performance in Moscow’s Cathedral of Christ the Savior through the arrest, the trial and the appeal; featuring various YouTube videos of Pussy Riot performances, interviews with the girls’ parents, lawyers for the both sides, and religious figures whose feelings were harmed. Included is footage documenting the events at Tagansky court (it might remind American viewers of Court TV), as well as protests and prayers.
Some scenes – for example, Pussy Riot supporters eluding security officers while climbing a fence outside the courthouse – are too theatrical and seem almost staged. However, they are not. One mustn’t be fooled by the laughs the film causes here and there: real people – women, two of whom have small children – went to prison and will spend two years of their lives behind bars for singing “Mother of God, Drive Putin Away,” in a church. And that is the reality of Putin’s Russia.
The film invites audiences to continue the conversation about what’s happening in Russia today. A harsh anti-blasphemy law has been approved by the Russian State Duma and it could come into effect next month, if accepted by the President and the Upper House. The bill doesn’t call to put blasphemers to death but it criminalizes irreverence to people’s religious feelings and holy beliefs and will result in fines and in some cases imprisonment for up to five years.
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e64b7146b5c7c6e0c9db46b08688b0e3 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyasoldak/2014/05/23/eastern-ukraine-will-be-a-handful-for-new-leadership/ | Eastern Ukraine Will Be A Handful For New Leadership | Eastern Ukraine Will Be A Handful For New Leadership
This weekend Ukraine will be electing its new president. The country’s East plays an important role in the outcome and how the future will play out. The problem in the east is not so much pro-Russian or anti-Ukrainian sentiment, rather the deep distrust of the government’s ability to change things for the better, to calm the violence, and combat corruption while providing economic stability.
Not All Cities In Eastern Ukraine Are Created Equal
“Kharkov is not Donetsk,” – Kharkovites would tell you if asked about violence in the East and about the prospect of separatism in their city. Today Ukraine’s second largest city is as peaceful as a city can be on a calm spring afternoon. The massive, post-modernist Theater of Opera and Ballet is surrounded by large fountains. Across the street from it there is another of Kharkov’s landmark—a small pool with an arch and a waterfall called Zerkalnaya Ztruya. There is even a rainbow in the sprinkling water. Shevchenko park nearby is full of ice-cream eaters, small children playing, mothers strolling, young couples making out, Krishnas chanting, street musicians singing.
At first, there’s no indication that the country is in crisis and violent zones of unrest are only about 120 miles away. Savyansk, Kramatorsk, Lugansk are towns in Ukraine’s Donetsk region that no one would have been able to locate on a map until recently, now that separatist conflict has forced those places into the international spotlight.
Soon, however, tidbits of conversations show that danger is near. People talk about the crisis and share the latest news: a friend’s son is training in a military base, or someone has been wounded in Slavyansk. Children play war games, assigning forces: “You’ll be separatists, you’ll be banderovetes, and you’ll be the Right Sector.” Teenagers skateboarding and showing off bike tricks on the steps of the opera theater greet each other with jokes. “Hi, separatist!”
The situation in Eastern Ukraine is not clearly defined: spikes of violence continue in several towns, military checkpoints get attacked; the number of dead is growing. Yet no official war has been declared and for many Ukrainians life goes on as usual.
Kharkov, which is in the North-East of Ukraine, prides itself on being a student town (there are dozens of colleges and universities) and home to many young people open to new things and unburdened by memories of Soviet times.
All this apparent order has been attributed to Karkhov’s mentality (people are rather inert and not easily excitable, or, perhaps, too smart to get tricked into war games) and to Karkov’s mayor, Gennady Kernes, who maintains a tight grip on the city in many ways.
In April, there were several clashes between separatists and pro-Ukrainian crowds in the city’s center. But, luckily, this didn’t stick and the city shook off attempts at provocation.
Kernes and his partner, a former governor and now presidential candidate, Mikhail Dobkin, may never win the contest for Most-Refined Pro-European Leaders (a recent poll measuring the pro-European tendencies of the presidential candidates ranked Dobkin second to last). But they enjoy an undeniable influence over the Kharkov region and have managed to keep things calm.
Kernes was accused of organizing the thugs that interfered with the Maidan protest. An accusation that hasn’t been officially confirmed. Two weeks ago the mayor was alleged to have been shot during his morning jog and is now being treated in Israel. Many residents of Kharkov, however, are convinced that he faked his own assassination and instead wanted to flee the country during this difficult time, happy to manage from a distance. “We are waiting for you! Come back!” say billboards throughout the city featuring Kernes’s face. A faker or not, many citizens like him.
The separatist sentiment of Donbass. Donetsk is an industrial region, also located in the East, closer to Kharkov than New York to Boston. These days the Donetsk region is on high alert. It has turned into a battlefield between Ukrainian military forces and pro-Russian insurgents that formed a self-proclaimed Donetsk People’s Republic. Residents try to keep their distance because the insurgents fight amongst themselves and seem to have reduced to the level of local criminal groups. But there are enough people wary of the government and want to break away.
Ukraine’s richest man, billionaire Rinat Akhmetov ($12.6 billion), who has his industrial companies there, has attempted to get the situation under control and called for miners and other working people in Ukraine to rise up against the separatists. As of today, it doesn’t seem to be working as he’d hoped as they continue to spread throughout the region carrying weapons. About 69% of residents in Donetsk region either don’t plan on voting or haven’t decided on a candidate, according to a recent poll by Kyiv International Institute of Sociology.
That same survey also states that only 6% of Ukrainians support separatism, which confirms recent reports that even in Donetsk support for the Donetsk People’s Republic is quite low. While a majority of people who want to join Russia are in Donetsk region, overall 53.2% of Ukrainians would like to see Ukraine as one country with more regional power.
There are plenty of old and young people in Eastern Ukraine that would never say “Glory to Ukraine!” and they see the result of the Maidan uprising as an illegal coup. The ambiguity of their identity hasn’t been tested until now, when separatism came onto the agenda and the 1,430 mile border with Russia – friendly for twenty three years – became a troubled zone.
Residents of Eastern Ukraine – even those suspicious and deeply frustrated with the government’s actions, including the military operation in the east – keep proving that they are not necessarily pro-Russia or want to join Russia either.
That’s not to say they put have high hopes for a European future either. There are a number of towns and regional centers between Kharkov and Donetsk that simply want to live and work. Just like any nation, they want to see some action and improvements.
This is the issue that the new president, whoever he will be (polls say that Pyotr Poroshenko, Ukraine’s ‘Chocolate King,’ is favored), will have to tackle on day one.
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456bc26dee30c7839f452d3dbabb3260 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyasoldak/2015/02/06/eastern-ukraine-residents-flee-as-fighting-continues/ | Eastern Ukraine: Residents Flee As Fighting Continues | Eastern Ukraine: Residents Flee As Fighting Continues
While the world ponders whether the U.S. will arm Ukraine to help fight pro-Russian militants and world leaders try peace talks, for millions of people in the occupied territories of East Ukraine the situation is no chess game, as they risk their lives amidst rocket and artillery attacks, and an information war.
A look behind the front lines
Thirteen years ago, when a technical school-educated Andriy Myshchenko couldn’t find work in his native Kharkov, Ukraine, he moved to a mining town of 6,000 people in the Donetsk region, near Antratsyt, where he found a job as a miner. Over the years he created a stable life for his wife Elena and two, now grown, daughters. He built a house and, after early retirement, continued to pick up some work at his old mining company. Suddenly, at 54, Myshchenko has to leave everything he’s worked for behind—forced to flee the region because of Russia’s ongoing war in Ukraine. While he’s contemplating living arrangements in the relatively calm Kharkov region, his wife remains in territory occupied by pro-Russian separatists, with the front line only thirty miles away.
“We are leaving everything behind and of course we feel bad,” Myshchenko sighs. Another alternative would be to stay and continue to live in danger, in a town run by bandits with guns, so he tries to adopt a philosophical outlook. The fighting, a few month ago less than six miles from the family, has moved further away as separatists advance into Ukrainian territory. Myshchenko says that GRAD rocket launchers and tanks don’t maneuver through town as often as before, and shooting is more removed. All his family members are unharmed, so he’s grateful: “Some people have it much worse.”
According to the United Nations data, as of December 2013, 600,000 people from Ukraine’s Eastern region have been displaced during the long stand-off, with the recently intensified separatist offensive forcing more people to flee urgently, often leaving family members behind.
Myshchenko (not his real name) said that some neighbors, deeply affected by the Russian anti-Ukrainian propaganda, call his family “Nazis”. He only agrees to talk about life in a separatist-controlled town on condition of anonymity, as his wife, daughter, son-in-law and grandchild still live in the war zone.
Myshchenko considers himself a patriot of Ukraine, but many of his local friends and acquaintances, including people with college degrees, side with separatists. “That television, that dirty flood of misinformation made zombies out of people,” he says. “It’s more confusing than hard. Some people say, we want to live in Ukraine but we want Russia to be here.” In the atmosphere of fear and hostility, people report on each other and there is very little mercy for pro-Ukrainian minds. Insurgents encourage reporting on “Ukrainians”, as they call those who don’t support the separatist regime.
During the conflict, despite danger, life in most Donbass towns -- Donetsk and Luhansk regions with population of about 6,6 million -- goes on as if it was “business as usual”: stores are open, children go to schools, a couple of big mines owned by Ukrainian oligarch Rinat Akhmetov continue to operate. Retirees travel from the occupied zones to areas controlled by the Ukrainian government to receive their monthly pension payments, even though they are risking their lives as busses can come under fire. People have no choice but get used to danger. With the exception being the areas with intense fighting, towns and villages for the most part have electricity, water, heat and food.
Pro-Russian rebels walk past a destroyed building in the town of Vuhlehirsk, Ukraine, Friday, Feb.... [+] 6, 2015. Photo: AP/Petr David Josek
“The biggest problem in our region is information,” Myshchenko says. “There is no Ukrainian information. Those who have satellites maybe watch something. Overall, everyone is watching Russian TV.”
Russian media, gradually consolidated under the Russian state over the past decade, has been instilling pro-Kremlin views into everyone who agrees to turn on a Russian channel long before the Ukrainian conflict erupted in 2013. Since the revolution in Kyiv, Russian media fueled a real war on Ukraine, portraying Ukrainians as fascists (they are not, as explained here ) that are attacking the Russian-speaking population. Abused by the hysteria of Russian TV, people from small mining towns with little access to alternative sources of information accepted the alternative reality and, attracted by the promise of a better quality of life in a pro-Russian world, were open to separatist rule.
Over the past months, many became disappointed by how things turned out and people started losing their initial enthusiasm over separatism. However, those like Myshchenko – people from the occupied territories – doubt that the conflict can be resolved peacefully.
Russian leadership won’t back out of its aggressive campaign in Ukraine, and separatists leaders – supported by Russian weapons, Russian troops and Russian advisors – continue to launch offensives on Ukraine-controlled territories.
Various experts agree that diplomacy and sanctions alone won’t work unless the Ukrainian army is supported by lethal and non-lethal aid. Without NATO help, the Ukrainian army is not equipped to resist Russian President Vladimir Putin’s forces. While the U.S. is contemplating the possibility of military aid to Ukraine, European leaders, including Angela Merkel, say they won’t provide Ukraine with weapons.
This week, the leader of Russian-backed insurgents announced that separatists will raise up to 100,000 troops to fight in Eastern Ukraine while NATO has reported increased Russian involvement in Eastern Ukraine. People in small towns and villages in areas controlled by separatists consistently report that heavy artillery and armored vehicles keep moving across the boarder from the Russian side. Today Merkel and French President François Hollander flew to Moscow for another peace talk attempt.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Francois Hollande are arriving in Moscow for... [+] peace talk with Russian President Vladimir Putin; February 6, 2015. Photo: AP/Ivan Sekretarev
But are the human costs of diplomacy too high? The UN Office reported on February 3rd that the overall death toll now exceeds 5,358 people, with 12,235 wounded since mid-April of last year. As the war continues, people in rebel-controlled territories live in never ending chaos. Some try to flee to safer areas but not everyone has the resources to relocate and some families have elderly or sick family members they can’t leave behind.
“Comrade Putin” could stop that war in no time, says Myshchenko, who’s hoping to move his family out of the occupied zone before it’s too late. If only Russia stopped backing the rebels, he says, “all the shelling would stop and his troops would go away.”
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791a5520b271fbb4fe659008b33094ea | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2012/05/30/why-women-owned-firms-are-being-held-back/ | Why Women-Owned Firms Are Being Held Back | Why Women-Owned Firms Are Being Held Back
Guest post by
Susan Coleman and Alicia Robb
Susan Coleman is a professor of finance at the University of Hartford in West Hartford, Conn., and Alicia Robb is a senior research fellow with the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation. Coleman and Robb co-authored the new book, A Rising Tide: Financial Strategies for Women-owned Firms.
Women-owned firms are a growing and increasingly powerful economic force in the United States. According to Census data, there were 7.8 million women-owned firms in the United States in 2007, over 40 percent more than in 1997! In fact, during that 10-year timeframe, the growth rate in women-owned firms exceeded that of U.S. firms overall. In spite of this increase, however, women-owned firms account for only 4 percent of total firm revenues, suggesting that women-owned firms are, on average, very small. Census data also reveal that 87 percent of women-owned firms have no employees aside from the owner herself.
Why does it appear from these data that the majority of women-owned firms are stuck at the lower end of the economic totem pole? Why aren’t more women starting growth-oriented firms that could provide a substantial number of jobs in a struggling economy? One reason may be differences in motivation, as we discuss in our book, A Rising Tide: Financing Strategies for Women-Owned Firms. Although a growing number of women are launching growth-oriented companies, many women entrepreneurs still prefer firms that are smaller and more manageable. Smaller firms make it easier for women to balance the competing demands of work and family. Our research also revealed that more than 50 percent of women-owned firms are home-based firms. As the term “home-based” implies, these are firms that are actually operated out of the entrepreneur’s home.
Aside from differences in motivation, however, our research also suggests that women entrepreneurs continue to have a more difficult time raising the funds to launch and develop growth-oriented firms. For starters, women tend to have lower levels of income and wealth. Although women have made tremendous strides in education and the workplace, they still tend to be clustered in the lower and middle management ranks of corporations. Why is this important? Because one of the most important sources of financing for new firms is the entrepreneur’s own capital. If women have less wealth, they also have fewer available financial resources that can be devoted to a new and growing firm.
Bank loans represent another important source of financing for growth-oriented firms. The good news is that recent research reveals that there are no significant differences between women and men in terms of the likelihood of being approved for a loan. These findings reflect real progress for women borrowers when compared to the results of earlier studies. Our own research reveals that external debt, typically in the form of bank loans, is a major source of financing for women-owned firms. In fact, we found that women entrepreneurs actually relied more heavily on external debt than men did during the early years of their firms’ existence.
When we examine women entrepreneurs’ experience with external equity, however, we get a very different picture. External equity is typically provided by angel investors and venture capitalists, and it is an important source of financing for growth-oriented firms. Our findings reveal that women use only a tiny percentage of external equity when compared to men. Along the same lines, another group of researchers found that, although women represent approximately one-third of all firms in the United States, they receive only 5 percent of equity financing.
What are the reasons behind this mismatch between the number of women-owned firms and their ability to secure equity financing? One possible explanation is the difference between the types of firms women and men start. As noted earlier, women-owned firms tend to be smaller and less growth-oriented. Further, women-owned firms have traditionally been heavily represented in the retail and service sectors. These types of firms are not necessarily attractive candidates from the standpoint of equity investors, who are more likely to be drawn to more growth-oriented sectors such as technology and bioscience.
A second reason why women have been denied equity financing is their absence from key networks that provide it. Traditionally, the angel investing and venture capital fields have been closely knit, difficult to penetrate and dominated by men. Researchers have found that, when venture capital firms do have women employees, they tend to be clustered at lower levels of the organization rather than in decision-making roles. If women entrepreneurs are to gain better access to equity financing, we need more women at all stages of the financing pipeline. This includes women with the financial and industry expertise as well as sufficient wealth to allow them to serve as angel or venture capital investors.
Given the financial challenges, what is some of our advice for women entrepreneurs attempting to launch growth-oriented firms?
1) Develop your financial knowledge and skills. Start with the basics, and build your understanding over time. Ultimately, you are responsible for the financial decisions and well-being of your firm, and funding providers will expect you to have a firm grasp on the financials.
2) Understand the types of funding that are appropriate for your firm. If your firm grows rapidly, it will quickly outstrip your ability to finance it from internal sources. At that point, you may have to seek external capital, so start planning for that well in advance.
3) You need some skin in the game. Funding providers want to see that you are committed to the firm’s success. You can demonstrate that by investing some of your own money or by pledging personal assets, such as your home, as collateral.
4) Be on the lookout for funding and support services that target particular types of firms, industries or geographic regions. You may be eligible for special loan funds, grants, or tax credits. One such federal program provides Small Business Innovation & Research (SBIR) grants to support firms developing innovative technologies.
5) Network strategically to gain access to key groups and individuals that can provide financing. As an example, organizations such as Astia and Springboard Enterprises provide not only training for growth-oriented women entrepreneurs but also help them gain access to potential investors.
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1e559a47ff2fad87ad9c396bb6c9cb4c | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2012/06/11/how-to-turn-an-idea-into-a-startup-begin-with-a-business-concept-statement/ | How to Turn an Idea into a Startup: Begin with a Business Concept Statement | How to Turn an Idea into a Startup: Begin with a Business Concept Statement
Guest post written by
Alana Muller, president, Kauffman FastTrac®
For entrepreneurs, it is often easier to come up with a variety of ideas for new businesses and more difficult to actually implement those concepts. A business concept is a bridge between an idea and a business plan. It focuses one’s thinking so that the entrepreneur can identify the specifics of his/her proposed venture. Converting an idea into a business concept requires thinking about how the product or service will be sold and who will buy it, the benefits of the product or service, how it is differentiated from similar ones, and methods of delivery.
Preparing a written concept statement helps unearth critical components of a venture and begins research into key factors that may be more thoroughly addressed in a business plan. As the business idea takes form as a concept statement, the entrepreneur can evaluate the business more effectively for potential challenges and pitfalls.
A clear business concept also enables the founder to succinctly describe the precise nature of the business to suppliers, customers, lenders, and resource team members; an important skill for entrepreneurial success. For example, it is not sufficient to say “I want to start a management consulting company.” This tells the listener little. Instead, one might say,
“I plan to start a management consulting company that provides strategic planning services to mid-sized businesses in the Southeast. Each consulting team, tailored to meet the unique needs of the client, will provide assessment and planning services to help clients improve efficiency and institute processes for innovation and change, resulting in cost reductions and sales increases.”
This version tells the listener much more than the first statement and helps the potential client visualize the business and its offerings.
When describing his/her business idea, the entrepreneur should answer the following questions:
a. What is my product/service?
b. What does my product/service do?
c. How is it different or better than other products/services?
d. Who will buy the product/service?
e. Why will they buy the product/service?
f. How will the product/service be promoted and sold/offered?
g. Who are my competitors?
Often the business concept statement changes during feasibility testing and business planning as the founder learns more about the market and potential profitability of the business. Eventually, however, the entrepreneur should be able to accurately, clearly and succinctly describe the essence of the business to others in two or three sentences. In some cases, a single sentence may do.
Once the business concept statement is clearly defined, the more detailed work of business planning and implementation may begin.
About Kauffman FastTrac®
Kauffman FastTrac is the leading provider of learning curricula that equip aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with the business skills and insights, tools, resources, and network to start and grow successful businesses. Kauffman FastTrac was created by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, the largest foundation in the United States devoted to entrepreneurship. For more information about Kauffman FastTrac, visit www.fasttrac.org and follow the organization on Twitter at @fasttrac, like it on Facebook at www.facebook.com/kauffmanfasttrac and connect on LinkedIn at www.fasttrac.org/linkedin.
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b028f829d5b6254f7fb80a37ce4643f8 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2012/06/22/build-a-great-team-then-plan-to-grow/ | Build a Great Team, Then Plan to Grow | Build a Great Team, Then Plan to Grow
Guest post written by
Alana Muller, president, Kauffman FastTrac®
While not the only predictor of long-term success, one very important component of a great company is a great team. Unless you plan to operate a one- or two-person shop, your business, large or small, must rely on a productive, motivated team of individuals in addition to yourself.
Plan to build a team with which you can share your vision, that will be nearly as excited as you are about the prospects for the firm – now and into the future – and that will help shape the culture of the organization. And, as you engage in the hiring process, resist the urge to hire only people who share your personality traits or background. You, and your firm, will benefit from having different points of view to challenge and develop your company into the future.
On a personal note, it has been my great fortune and privilege to build and lead a number of solid, high-performing, cohesive and collaborative teams. The greatest moments for me are those times when we are “in the flow” as a team: working toward common objectives, speaking the same language, supporting one another as we advance toward our goals. However, arriving at that point is much easier said than done. It takes more than a job interview or two to truly understand people’s motivations, aspirations and work ethic.
I admittedly have made my fair share of hiring mistakes: individuals who claimed to have more to offer than they did; others who seemed more on board than they were; some who were simply disengaged, unskilled or untruthful. That said, I find the bulk of my teammates have given their all to support our mission and have taught me to be a better leader and professional.
In fact, the benefactor of my firm, Ewing Marion Kauffman, for whom the Kauffman Foundation (the foundation of entrepreneurship) is named, offered sage advice on the talent equation: “Hire people who are smarter than you! In doing so, you prevent limiting the organization to the level of your own ability… and you grow the capabilities of your company.” He went on to say, “If you hire people you consider smarter than you, you are more likely to listen to their thoughts and ideas, and this is the best way to expand on your own capabilities and build the strength of your company.”
Taking this guidance under advisement, it stands to reason that involving your team members in planning for the future – with their diversity of ideas and input – typically results in a stronger strategy that everyone commits to achieve. And, helping employees see their role in the business’ larger mission can automatically improve how they do their jobs. Firms that build healthy, inclusive cultures are more interesting, more motivating, more fun to work in and provide better opportunities for all involved.
Once the right team is in place, the planning process can begin. I liken it to putting together a puzzle. All of the pieces — product/service, marketing, management, operations and financials — need to fit together so your business can generate the results you seek. With your team, engage in the following activities:
Define success, growth and values for you and your business Analyze your business Clarify your vision Set goals
All planning efforts should be aligned with the organization’s vision and strategy. A decision in one area often has implications for other aspects of your business, making it necessary to not only define the company vision and set the strategy, but also develop a plan of implementation. It’s critical that you anticipate the activities your business will need to start, stop or continue doing to achieve your desired results.
Throughout this process, you will have tough questions to answer:
How will your business make this transition for growth? What is the timeline? Who in your company will do what? How will you measure performance?
The decisions that you and your team make will help to align all aspects of your business and drive daily activities and long-term actions so your business can scale to its true potential.
About Kauffman FastTrac®
Kauffman FastTrac is the leading provider of learning curricula that equip aspiring and existing entrepreneurs with the business skills and insights, tools, resources, and network to start and grow successful businesses. Kauffman FastTrac was created by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, the largest foundation in the United States devoted to entrepreneurship. For more information about Kauffman FastTrac, visit www.fasttrac.org and follow the organization on Twitter at @fasttrac, like it on Facebook at www.facebook.com/kauffmanfasttrac and connect on LinkedIn at www.fasttrac.org/linkedin.
About the Author
Alana Muller is President of Kauffman FastTrac, the nation’s leading provider of training to aspiring and existing entrepreneurs, giving them the tools, resources and networks to start and grow successful businesses. Kauffman FastTrac was created by the Kauffman Foundation. Alana has a master’s degree in business administration from the University of Chicago, where she was the recipient of the Mike and Karen Herman Fellowship for Women in Entrepreneurship, and an undergraduate degree in mathematics from Smith College. She is the author of an online blog, CoffeeLunchCoffee.com, a practical field guide for professional networking. Follow her on Twitter at @AlanaMuller.
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d478b4840aa7a4424d9dcfddb8c20324 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2013/04/17/why-the-falling-startup-rate-could-be-a-good-sign/ | U.S. Entrepreneurial Activity: Why The Falling Startup Rate Could Be A Good Sign | U.S. Entrepreneurial Activity: Why The Falling Startup Rate Could Be A Good Sign
Guest post by Jordan Zachary Bell-Masterson
Jordan is an analyst in Research and Policy for the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
Since before the dawn of the Great Recession, economists have recognized the value of entrepreneurship to the health of the U.S. economy. Indeed, a Kauffman-funded Census report cites that “new firms and young businesses account for about 70 percent of gross job creation and disproportionately contribute to net job creation.” The more we can add to our understanding of entrepreneurship, one of the key drivers of growth in the economy, the more we can add to our understanding of economic health on the whole.
A pillar of what we know about business creation is one of our longest-standing studies, which has provided us with 17 years of insights about entrepreneurial activity and its relationship to the economy. The latest Kauffman Index of Entrepreneurial Activity, drawing from the Census’ Current Population Survey (CPS), has just been updated with data and analysis from 2012, which is added to data tracked since 1996. Using highly detailed information on new business owners by the month, the Kauffman Index gives analysts an important perspective on certain crucial demographic nuances of entrepreneurial activity that are unavailable with other indicators.
Often, the Kauffman Index’s unique outlook on U.S. entrepreneurial activity confirms the details implied by the broad strokes of other, more general, economic measures. For instance, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) uses unemployment statistics in this report to illustrate the divergent economic responses between men and women during recent recessions:
“Since the early 1980s, men’s unemployment rates have been higher than women’s during or immediately after recessions, and the rates for men and women have been quite similar in other periods. Higher unemployment among men was especially notable during and immediately after the recent recession”
Because the Kauffman Index captures both employer and non-employer businesses, this gender-based trend is reflected by significantly increased rates of entrepreneurship among men during the recession, matched by only a slight rise in entrepreneurship among women. The entrepreneurship rate in the Kauffman Index and the unemployment rate run in opposite directions because of the countervailing forces underlying entrepreneurial activity. As the economy weakens, entrepreneurs face tighter access to startup capital, and employer businesses (which are more expensive to create) see a downturn, causing entrepreneurship rates to decline. However, employer businesses are a smaller fraction of all new businesses than are non-employer businesses. When the labor market is down, indicated by higher unemployment, more people start their own non-employer businesses – these are easier to start, and often provide a source of temporary income until more stable and attractive wage/salary jobs open up again. This increase in new non-employer businesses outweighs the impact of fewer employer businesses, and so higher unemployment for men also results in higher rates of entrepreneurship during a recession.
Occasionally, the Kauffman Index can thwart conventional wisdom and seemingly self-evident logic by virtue of its demographic breakdowns. The most basic models of labor supply and demand would suggest that a bigger labor pool depresses wages, and indeed this is the argument taken up by many opponents of more open immigration policy. However, the Kauffman Index reminds us that there is at least one additional layer of complexity in the debate that is ignored by a basic model – that is, the potential for immigrants to start their own businesses. Not only does an entrepreneurial path place immigrants in a non-competitive position relative to the existing wage-seeking labor pool, but their ventures that are employer businesses actually create jobs, increasing demand for labor and thereby pushing up wages. Although no single statistic should inform the entirety of a debate as complex as immigration policy, it is notable that the Kauffman Index identifies that entrepreneurship rates for immigrants have been trending sharply upward since 2006. The result in 2012 is that immigrants are nearly twice as likely to start a business each month as are native-born individuals.
Finally, apart from these long-term demographic trends, the 2012 Kauffman Index data show the rate of business creation falling from 2011, returning for the first time to pre-recessionary levels. As explained above, because the Kauffman Index is calculated using non-employer businesses as well as employer businesses, a slowing business creation rate is actually an indicator of improving economic health. This cautiously optimistic sense of the national economic climate gleaned from the Kauffman Index is matched by most other indicators – the jobless rate has fallen to a four-year low of 7.6 percent, the Dow and the S&P closed at historic highs on April 10, and The Economist’s poll of forecasters has just ticked up. The Kauffman Index is only a piece of the puzzle, but its mix of high-detail demographic information and high-level, multi-year trajectory evidence provide an important, unique and timely perspective on entrepreneurship in the United States.
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92a968e3e13de0880fc16a506d8e84e7 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2014/09/15/student-debt-and-the-millennial-entrepreneurship-paradox/ | Student Debt And The Millennial Entrepreneurship Paradox | Student Debt And The Millennial Entrepreneurship Paradox
By E.J. Reedy and Arnobio Morelix
The millennial generation is living in what one could call a paradox as it relates to entrepreneurship. On one hand, the millennials could be the new great generation. They are the most educated cohort in the history of the United States, they have broad exposure to entrepreneurship in higher education, and popular culture is filled with stories of their entrepreneurial successes, from the kids just getting started to millennial uber-entrepreneurs like Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg. On the other hand, millennials could be the new lost generation. They are heavily saddled with student debt, weak career prospects, and for all this expanded entrepreneurship exposure, most measures of entrepreneurship among younger workers are stagnant to falling.
Thus emerges the millennial entrepreneurship paradox – is this the generation whose entrepreneurship propensities will unleash the next wave of economic growth, or will this generation’s entrepreneurship potential fizzle?
Among the many trends affecting the entrepreneurial promise of millennials, student debt has been a particularly prominent issue. Although we cannot yet infer any causal relationships, rising student debt levels have, to an extent, coincided with falling entrepreneurship rates among young people. Intuitively, a relationship between the two makes sense. Entrepreneurs need capital to start new businesses, and young people with student debt lag far behind on accumulating net worth.
Over the last year the Kauffman Foundation has spent time considering what might be some of the great unknown drivers of the slow-down in entrepreneurship that we and others have highlighted. And while the list of potential triggers is long, among younger workers we are increasingly drawn to the topic of student debt, and the potential negative role this debt could be having on entrepreneurship. To be clear this is an area of research where little exists. But as the cost of education has risen it’s becoming increasingly the norm for some of our most promising college graduates to have significant levels of student debt. So, in the course of the next year we’ll be doing some initial research into the long-term implications of student debt, particularly as it relates to entrepreneurship.
Our founder, Ewing Marion Kauffman, long ago recognized the need for students to complete a collegiate education and that cost was a major hurdle toward that choice. But it is only in the current environment of escalating college costs and student loan levels that we are becoming suspicious of a more direct link between debt and entrepreneurship. The cost of higher education has been rising for decades, and the cost of in-state tuition and fees at public institutions has risen more than 50% in the past 10 years.
There is little doubt the current generation of new graduates has a tremendous amount of student debt hanging over its head. While some policy solutions have been put forward to place a Band-Aid on the problem of rising debt – such as income-based repayment – we believe there remains room for considering how even these programs could be handicapping the millennial generation of entrepreneurs.
So will millennials be our most entrepreneurial generation, being credited with “unprecedented” innovation and entrepreneurship, or will they be the least entrepreneurial yet, with falling participation among new entrepreneurs, looming student debt and weak early career prospects? It is still unclear how this seeming paradox will play out in reality. But the future of how millennials will be remembered – as a lost generation or the new great one – will rest on it.
E.J. Reedy is research director at the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation and Arnobio Morelix is a research analyst at the Kauffman Foundation.
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a00d91a3468ec246d2823e34243d7e1a | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kauffman/2017/02/20/the-megatrends-of-entrepreneurship-are-key-to-job-growth/ | The Megatrends Of Entrepreneurship Are Key To Job Growth | The Megatrends Of Entrepreneurship Are Key To Job Growth
Shutterstock
Arguably the most indelible sound from the presidential election was the cry for jobs from so many Americans disconnected from the U.S. economy. It could be heard across the nation, but especially in the middle – far removed from the coasts. Fortunately, a solution is readily at hand. The challenge is to re-create the conditions for it to thrive.
The solution is one with which the United States has a long and renowned history – entrepreneurship. What’s needed now is to remove barriers to business creation and to develop communities that encourage, guide and reinforce startups on a major scale.
Fortunately, too, entrepreneurship is finally rebounding after a long hangover from the Great Recession. This is evident from the Kauffman Foundation’s Index of Entrepreneurship Series, which breaks entrepreneurship into three primary forms: Startups, where it all begins; Growth, measuring businesses that scale; and Main Street, tracking local small businesses. All three are improving, and Main Street is nearing a two-decade high, with more businesses surviving their first five years of operation.
But vast numbers of Americans are not feeling this improvement. The reason for the difference is simple, and it’s crucial that we understand it and act upon it. The fact is that no one lives in the economy; everyone lives in their own economy, and the upswing in indicators is simply not reaching many Americans.
The insights gleaned from Kauffman indices steer us in the right direction. But our analysis of the findings – taken all together – reveals three megatrends that are reshaping entrepreneurship and explain why so many are feeling left out of these gains.
The first megatrend involves demographics – and specifically the relationship between the demographics of the nation and those of entrepreneurship.
National demographics are undergoing a dramatic shift. The population is increasingly diverse, educated, and older. Yet the entrepreneurial population is not changing as fast. That leaves too many Americans without the opportunity to start and grow a business. There are major gaps specifically for women and people of color.
As of today, minority businesses start smaller and stay smaller. While the average size of a mature non-minority-owned business is $2.3 million in annual revenue, the average size of a minority-owned business is $1.6 million at the same age. In addition, minorities are half as likely as non-minorities to own businesses that employ people.
That costs the nation. If minorities started businesses at the same rate as non-minorities, the United States would have more than one million additional employer businesses and as much as an extra 9.5 million jobs. It’s a similar story for women. Regardless of race, women are half as likely as men to own employer businesses.
The second megatrend in entrepreneurship involves geography. There is a new map of entrepreneurship in America, and it has two distinct characteristics:
First, entrepreneurship is more and more an urban phenomenon. A major reason for this is that the U.S. population is increasingly concentrated in urban areas. But the circumstances are even more pronounced when you look at the geography of new firms: the percent of startups in rural communities has dropped from 20 percent in the 1980s to 12.2 percent today.
Second, entrepreneurial activity is growing outside of the largest cities, and spreading to mid-sized metro areas. Entrepreneur and investor Steve Case has documented this change, coining it “the rise of the rest.”
These geographical trends create an interesting paradox: The first condition – increasing urbanism – is driving geographical inequality. The second condition – moving beyond the largest entrepreneurship hubs – is driving geographical equality.
The third megatrend involves technology, which is creating a new nature of entrepreneurship in the United States and the world. In the past, as companies scaled their revenue, jobs scaled in an almost linear fashion. That’s no longer true.
Take, for example, two technological behemoths of their own times: Eastman Kodak and Facebook. In 1962, when Kodak sales first surpassed $1 billion – the equivalent of $8 billion today – the company employed 75,000 people. When Facebook reached similar revenue, it employed 11 times fewer people at 6,300.
On the one hand, that means that fewer jobs are created as companies reach massive scale. On the other hand, opportunities are more widely available from platforms that lower barriers to entry – from Airbnb to Etsy.
These three megatrends – the new demographics, map and nature of entrepreneurship – are sources of both concern and optimism. If we understand them, we can take advantage of them and use them to enhance job opportunities for the benefit of us all.
The author is President and CEO of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, based in Kansas City.
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80348e1c6c6b383bac95b63b404d1adf | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2014/05/26/how-good-musicians-can-become-great-marketers-with-startup-like-thinking/ | How Good Musicians Can Become Great Marketers With Startup-Like Thinking | How Good Musicians Can Become Great Marketers With Startup-Like Thinking
Any good musician can upload quality recordings. Having the right skills to market your product in a saturated channel is a whole new challenge. Access to the rights tools doesn’t always translate to sales success.
Joel Helander’s classical compositions are a natural, creative reflex but, without Bandcamp or Indiegogo, the Massachusetts-based musician wouldn’t have been able to release two instrumental albums. “Twenty years ago it would have been impossible to record and release the albums I have made over the last three years,” says Helander. “Now that so many people have equal access to the same amazing recording and releasing resources, the openings for successful promotion are becoming more and more narrow.”
I find most of my music through Bandcamp. It's how I found Joel's albums. I’ve been drawn to the artists that use Bandcamp to cultivate a customer base much like a startup or business would. Regardless of the channel, these are the elements that I’ve found to be successful in growing and retaining listeners:
Experiment With Everything: Pricing, Artwork, Collaborations, Distribution
Starting out with a “free trial” of your work is a useful way for potential customers to taste-test your product. This model can be tricky, and it’s important to balance the effort spent in creating music to the amount you’re giving away for nearly nothing. Like any great content, people will pay according to how much they love your music. Small EPs or singles are good teasers to get a sense of your style.
"Expose the audience you've already built to new or obscure music," says Helander.
“People love generous artists,” says Helander. His first album Flood was released under this model. “I got a lot of people to really soak up that album, and in many cases people came back from downloading a free copy and then pay $10, sometimes $15 for another download.”
Helander’s second album, Passing Frames is available for download at a set price. The project was costlier and more involved, and he felt that it wouldn’t be fair to his work or his wallet to let listener’s choose a price. “Time will tell if it will result in more people being able to digest my music wherever it’s convenient for them,” he says.
A good business will continually tweak and adjust its offering by experimenting and observing how its customers interact with the product. Artists can play around with music releases, collaborations, and distribution methods to understand what works and what doesn’t.
People Are Sharing Their Experience, Learn From Them
There’s a ton of knowledge out there. Many creators are continually sharing their experiments, failures, and successes openly for others to learn. Electronic artist Subsquare broke down how much money he had made from releasing music via Bandcamp’s pay-what-you-can model. He noted that the average price paid for his music was around $3.
Artist Steve Lawson reported in January of this year that his Bandcamp accounts had netted more than $16,000—and then explained the various techniques he used to reach this milestone. Lawson pointed out that being able to sell concert tickets through the same channel where listeners download music was pretty useful.
Communicate With Your Customers
Email addresses collected when customers download your music are a great opportunity for artists to get in touch with their audience through a direct channel.
Use this resource in moderation—emailing your audience each week to encourage album downloads will lead to a wave of unsubscribes. Alert your audience to new content, especially if they get first access. Encourage them to forward your music on to others who may be interested. More importantly, like any good business, collect feedback. Your listeners don’t have to dictate what you are creating, but they can be helpful in understanding how they’d prefer to receive your product.
Use Lethal Generosity
First coined by Shel Israel in 2008, the concept posits that the more outbound links you post, the more inbound links you are likely to receive. Artists are listening to other artists. They are learning from them, too.
The best businesses curate information that isn’t just about it. A Twitter profile, Facebook page, or eNewsletter are all channels where artists can spread useful information. “Expose the audience you’ve already built to new or obscure music that you love, and hope that the artist you are promoting will likewise share your music and stretch your crowd of listeners,” says Joel.
Build Relationships
Opportunity is built on good relationships. A startup can get good coverage for its product by building relationships with writers relevant to its product. Artists can cultivate networks of skilled people who can be beneficial to their cause. For Helander, it was befriending engineer and co-producer Mike Tierney—allowing him to create high quality recordings with a piano on a relatively small budget for his first album. It's these type of relationships that can result in connected or skilled people extending the reach of your work. "One of the greatest sources of exposure I've found so far has come from promoting and being promoted by other musicians in my immediate community," says Joel.
Most of the tactics above require little to no financial investment, but they do require time. The main goal is getting many of these tactics to work for the artist--resulting in a well-oiled and gently humming operation that grows listeners and sales.
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221f2bc76b8747fd08081a8f43dba01f | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2015/05/13/marketers-dont-build-communities-people-do/ | Marketers Don't Build Communities, People Do | Marketers Don't Build Communities, People Do
I cringe at the thought of big marketing budgets being spent on the wild goose chase that is community building. Marketing teams in large companies love a good online community because of its social value, but lack the long-term commitment required to cultivate a space for users. An active community is an opportunity to connect with enthusiastic users who have the potential to become ambassadors for a business. These people are tangible use cases of a product that can attract new customers.
When given the chance, I generally steer my clients away from building a community unless they’re willing to dive in for the long haul. You have to dedicate a lot of resources for maintenance, invest in staff that can be available for support issues or errors, and find moderators who are willing to govern the community. Communities aren’t something you setup and then abandon.
It’s also very easy for marketers to try and exploit online communities because of the bottom line potential. I’ve seen this countless times when I’ve helped large companies in publishing, consumer electronics, and healthcare who want to build their own communities or insert the brand into an existing one.
Here are three common mistakes companies make when trying to build a community:
Communities should never be about marketing
I built a community once for a brand with customers that were in love with its line of digital cameras. These were amateur photographers who were dedicated to improving their craft. My initial goal was to encourage these photographers to share their work, and provide information on how the shot was captured—this would help photographers learn from others, and also provide a space where beginners could interact with other highly-skilled photographers.
But the brand didn’t have the resources to support ongoing development for the community, and clunky technology put a damper on the experience of uploading pictures, commenting, and sharing. Everything ended up feeling like an advertising channel disguised as a community. The space mutated into a place for infrequent marketing campaign announcements; and what started out as a space for people, became just another broadcast mouthpiece for the brand. High-profile photographers who were initially excited about the chance to share work and interact with other enthusiasts found that their photographs were tangled up in binding contractual agreements.
Brands should never interrupt a conversation
A well-run community has its own set of rules, a hierarchy, and a system by which everyone participates. Moderators, or mods, are usually a gaggle of hardcore community members tasked with the job of ensuring that people stay on-topic, refrain from posting spam, or causing any unwanted trouble.
Marketing teams have to be extremely careful, and should never confuse “community management” as a moderator role. Mods are respected because of their dedication to the community, and users can quickly sniff out the overly chipper brand representative who tries to push product on people. Community managers are largely the product of marketing and customer service teams trying to put a face to the support process.
If there’s someone on your brand team that can be a helpful ally to community members on specific areas of the business, then that person should interact in a way that feels natural to the community. But it’s never a good idea to embed a corporate personality into a space built by other people.
Let the culture thrive
Marketers have to remember that communities are sensitive ecosystems because the populations within them work hard to create an open space for user interactions. These are people from all corners of the earth who have made your brand their own, and evolved it into an entirely new experience. Rather than walking in and meddling with this beautifully organic growth in brand culture, companies should look to let the interactions thrive. The marketing team’s desire to control the environment and drives sales often takes precedent. The community starts to lack any authenticity.
GoPro, for example, blends into the habits of their community by providing customers with the tools necessary to participate (free video editing software with template styles), and even highlights impressive video contributions. In return, GoPro enjoys brand visibility through logo placements found on nearly every video uploaded online by amateur creators through the easy-to-use template editing styles. Video creators generally upload their short movies to YouTube which again helps GoPro reach an established and active audience that the brand may not have for themselves.
People are at the heart of what’s being developed
The Internet is a wonderful tool for building a community. It’s a place where hobbyists can congregate and share similar passions; activists can band together and bring attention to a worthy cause; and a good community can be a place where smart ideas get built into tools, apps, or entirely new businesses. But it’s important to remember that people, not customers, are at the heart of what’s being developed. Brands can provide a space for people to interact, but it’s entirely up to the population to decide whether that space is worth their investment in time.
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7d1f835f8f46ae0eadad63383fd37b21 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2016/03/22/five-ways-a-company-can-set-up-remote-workers-for-success/ | Five Ways A Company Can Set Up Remote Workers For Success | Five Ways A Company Can Set Up Remote Workers For Success
It may seem obvious, but many companies lack adequate protocol for supporting remote workers. Image:... [+] Kavi Guppta.
Companies looking to expand into virtual teams have to consider different types of support incentives or tools that will allow remote employees to thrive.
If your company has just started hiring remote workers, or the organization is mulling over the decision to expand into this flexible working style, here are five ways management can support a mobile or virtual workforce.
1. Remote Work Allowance
Remote work allowances are a tough incentive to crack. Despite the ambiguity or customized approach each company will take, it’s important that remote employees are given some type of stipend or expense account to cover the cost of working away from an office environment. Companies should aim to communicate this process clearly to employees, and to make the information available in an accessible manner.
How much should a company provide? List out what the organization assumes an employee will need to do their job well, and estimate some rough figures. Talk to remote workers and list out their needs and wants to do the job well. You cannot cover everything, so there will need to be a prioritization exercise to negotiate what’s feasible and what’s not immediately important to the role or company. Make it clear that employees can invoice minor expenses for items that do not exceed $100-$200; this allows remote workers to make immediate decisions on low-cost purchases. Anything higher should require approvals from direct reports and the finance team.
What should the allowance cover? Companies can subsidize a percentage of the remote worker’s “office environment”. Coworking spaces and memberships, if used, can be covered as an expense. Other typical subsidies include internet, mobile data, and cell phone plans. If your remote workers have to move around frequently, make sure to include some form of travel budget that includes a maximum spend on transportation, accommodation, and food and beverage.
2. Access To Technology & Learning Experiences
It’s important that full-time remote employees have access to the right technology to do their job. Whether it’s hardware or software, no employee should be left to fend for themselves in procuring the right equipment. An investment in hardware or software will ensure the company has direct ownership of the technology; and for security purposes, it ensures that employees aren’t using personal equipment to do company work. Software tools are constantly changing, and it’s important that employees can make agile decisions on trialing potential products or services that may benefit the company.
Learning experiences, whether courses or conferences, are important to skills development within an organization. And most companies have criteria in place to approve employee requests. If your organization is not sure how to measure or create goals around attending events or participating in learning experiences, consider the following:
Set up goals and objectives. What will the employee achieve, and how will the activity create value for the company? Does the request fit into any of the company’s priorities for the quarter or year? Quantify those goals. Before signing off on a conference, encourage that attendees secure a specific number of meetings, connections, or leads from an event. If the employee is taking part in a course, try to quantify the time this person will take from their existing role to implement their new skills within the organization.
3. Communications Etiquette
You’d be surprised to know how many companies lack a formal understanding of communications etiquette for leadership and teams to follow. Technology has made it really easy for organizations to ping individuals and groups instantly--whether via Slack, email or other communications technology. But that “always on” environment can lead to communication overload, lack of productivity, and a chaotic work atmosphere. Some quick suggestions to consider when developing team communications etiquette:
Focus on people, not technology. Teams love to try out new technology to solve organizational problems, but this often results in existing issues being migrated over to completely new platforms. Constant changes in technology can also lead to learning curves and onboarding challenges--so rather than focusing on tech, focus on your people. What are teams doing well? What are teams doing wrong? What can teams do better? When you get to the heart of how people communicate (whether too quickly, too slow, or too much), your team can get a better sense of how to adjust habits.
Develop etiquette protocols. Protocols help to define parameters for certain types of behaviors. And clearly communicating etiquette protocols will allow your team to understand how to communicate better amongst each other. For example, that might mean sending emails with a clear signifier that no response is required; setting up no-notification hours to respect time zone differences; or identifying what purpose each communications channel serves for various teams.
4. Frequent Feedback & Employee Engagement
65% of employees surveyed yearn for frequent feedback (whether that’s on their progress, or the ability to give feedback on company culture). Feedback and engagement becomes especially important for team members who are less visible or interact with colleagues infrequently because of remote working. So how do you build employee engagement into your organization’s process?
Invest in feedback software. Software is slowly changing the way we value human resources and organizational design. And small to large companies have a range of services available that can administer frequent employee engagement through a weekly survey format. Leadership can connect directly with team members, and team members can provide input on how the company can improve (anonymously if desired). The software also makes it easy for colleagues to give recognition to peers who have done great work on particular initiatives.
Rethink employee incentives. Incentives are an interesting component of company culture, and not all employees may consider a one-size fits all incentive structure to be attractive. For remote workers, it’s important to think about what matters to the individual and their environment. Work with your people to define what incentives look like for remote workers beyond salary and title expectations. Your employees might look to technology requests, learning experiences, or allowance adjustments as part of their incentive structure (as mentioned above).
5. Regular Team Meetups
Remote work can be a terribly lonely endeavour. That’s a big difference to the constant office interactions location dependant workers experience. Regular company meetups are a great way for teams to connect socially, and to achieve organizational alignment. Consider the following:
Pick a location for everyone to enjoy. Don’t just default to having all your teams meet at HQ, find a unique place in the world to inspire and excite the organization. There are plenty of remote retreat options popping up for teams and whole companies to convene (with fun team building activities included).
Allow individual teams to breakaway. Sometimes one mass retreat isn’t enough for collaboration. Encourage smaller team offsites once a quarter for individuals to connect on particular initiatives if your budget allows it.
These points are just a handful of ways companies can support a remote workforce. Much of what’s been outlined here is just a start, and could benefit from a deeper breakdown.
A few of these points will sound familiar to location dependent workers, but you’ll be surprised how often companies fail to provide adequate information and resources to teams and individuals.
I’m writing a book about digital nomads and remote work. Have an interesting story to share? Get in touch with me here: @kaviguppta.
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543670afbed361cef63c902d75281bdd | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2016/08/22/students-screw-the-internship-learn-to-work-remotely/ | Students: Screw The Internship, Learn To Work Remotely | Students: Screw The Internship, Learn To Work Remotely
Internships are touted to young people as a rite of passage toward a blossoming career.
The serious lack of concrete data on the impact of internships leaves us with anecdotal evidence on a population where very few benefit, while many others remain disenchanted by future employment prospects. For some reason, despite the inconsistency, the widely held belief is that spending time as a lowly (mostly unpaid) underling in a key company can ensure a leg up to full-time paid work.
It’s questionable how likely prospective students and new workers angling for a position in their “dream organizations” are even guaranteed a spot in the company after completing an internship. In fact, studies show that the majority of interns (paid and unpaid) will not receive a job offer. Legal protection to those who manage to clinch even an unpaid opportunity are dicey at best. Being trapped in a cycle of internships is also becoming the norm for young workers.
Now in technical fields like science and technology or healthcare, internships are valuable programs where people have to be given real life work experience. The same can be said about apprenticeships for skilled labour like carpentry, plumbing, or automotive engineering. The work is hard and participants obtain relevant training and compensation.
So why can’t that consistency be mandatory for service sector employment? If internships matter so much to the development of our young workforce, then why are they so painstakingly difficult to obtain? Why do internship programs have to be a brutal introduction to the workforce? And why aren’t there consistent parameters in place to maintain a program that benefits participants and creates value for the company that’s hiring?
My message to young people is this: screw the internship, learn to work remotely.
I believe remote work, and the global talent marketplace, can offer young workers the best chance for a path toward employment than the conventional internship.
I believe young people can look beyond their local borders to secure paid work and experience without leaving the dorm room or their homes. When you broaden the playing field, your options are no longer limited. The next generation workforce will be far more prepared to deal with the realities of future employment if they start working remotely now.
It’s important to note that a transition to remote work will not remove the competition and challenges around getting hired. You still have to earn that spot. But it will result in better options and opportunities than trying to compete in an already narrow internship market.
What if I’ve never worked remotely before?
There are plenty of resources available online for securing remote work. And there’s no shortage of entry-level roles that talented students and new grads are capable of filling. If you think those jobs are only for people who know how to code, think again. There are options available for talented people who understand how to use tech, but don’t consider it a core skillset.
If students are worried about padding resumes with recognizable brands, then I suppose you can try and eek it out in the old world of work. But if you want to make real contributions to an industry; if you want to really learn from great people; and if you want to be more than just a gopher inside of an organization, then spread out your wings and go global.
Remote work isn’t any easier than being location dependant and in an office. But there are ways you can assess your current skillsets, and see where you are strong or need to do a bit of work.
Recognize that remote work requires unique sacrifices. Location independence may secure you better opportunities, but that access will mean making sacrifices to your schedule, social life, and where you work.
Ask yourself if you’re prepared to work remotely. It’s important to assess your ability to create process, manage yourself, and whether you thrive in an isolated working environment.
Learn to promote yourself as a remote work asset. Employers want to know how you handle timezones; can you work autonomously; and how your deliverables will ensure a visibility that your physical presence cannot. Get ahead of any red flags, and prepare to instill confidence.
Young people: redefine entry-level work.
I don’t believe that young people, in order to pay their dues for future career success, should have to wallow at the bottom rungs of a corporate ladder. And when employed folks march out the same overplayed tropes of “well, that’s what we had to do, why should it be any different?”, or “maybe you should’ve gotten a real degree”, I really worry about the bad legacy habits of employment that will be handed down to the next generation of workers.
Young people entering the workforce have the means to reject work habits that no longer fit the current economic reality. However, young people cannot expect an easy ride to employment. The next generation has to tackle the challenges that come with a much more dynamic employment environment than older generations. That will include lobbying for new policies and legislation and championing for private investment that fosters entrepreneurial thinking. It’ll also mean dealing with skepticism and criticism by systems and institutions who are slow to adapt to the realities of the workforce. If you want to change old habits, you have to get down and do the dirty work to get there.
At the current count, there are roughly 600 million young people that aren’t working or being trained for work around the world. That number is going to grow if we don’t begin experimenting with ways to retrain, motivate, and support the next generation of workers.
The first wave of new workers that stand up, experiment, and try to secure work differently will pass down a much better culture to successive waves of people. The first place we can make that change? Internships.
Want to collaborate on the next generation of employment? Add yourself to my Future of Work list here.
Continue the conversation with me here: @kaviguppta.
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8513173ebe7228bab37bdfa2086abd22 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaviguppta/2016/09/22/basic-income-might-be-the-answer-to-societys-productivity-crisis/ | Basic Income Might Be The Answer To Society's Productivity Crisis | Basic Income Might Be The Answer To Society's Productivity Crisis
With the decline of manufacturing jobs, and the onset of automation to take over almost all kinds of work, society is on the hunt for a long-term, scalable solution to our future productivity.
What will happen to displaced workers? How will mass unemployment hurt our increasingly globalized economy?
One concept, a universal basic income, has been debated by thinkers as far back as the 16th century. The theory suggests that a flat income, given to every citizen regardless of employment or societal status, will allow society to pursue the work it really believes in. Can a monthly universal stipend help citizens take care of basic needs while pursuing new opportunities?
I spoke with Scott Santens, a New Orleans based writer who is studying and championing the adoption of basic income policies and processes. Santens’ ideas and opinions have been published in the Huffington Post, TechCrunch, and the Boston Globe. He also claims to earn a basic income for his work via the Patreon creative crowdsourcing platform.
In the conversation below, I ask Santens to simplify the arguments for and against basic income, and why the concept could be a viable option for society’s future of work.
Image credit: Katie Smith
Kavi Guppta: What is the concept of basic income trying to solve?
Scott Santens: Basic income is commonly misunderstood as some kind of magical silver bullet. Making sure everyone has a minimum amount of income sufficient to cover basic needs is not a 100% solution for any one thing, but instead an improvement for innumerable things. What it is, is the creation of an economic foundation that is currently missing from every economy in the world. And because it's a foundation we're talking about it has the potential to affect a great deal of the world around us.
Basic income has been shown to reduce poverty and inequality. It's been shown to lead to improved health and reduced crime. It's been shown to reduce debt and increase savings. It's been shown to increase entrepreneurship and social cohesion. Unlike welfare, it reaches everyone in need and enables people to escape lives of destitution and insecurity. Unlike unemployment, everyone receives basic income and so it creates the situation where everyone is always financially better off employed than unemployed, but everyone also has the real ability to pursue the work that's most important to them, even if unpaid. So much of our current environment exists as it is because so many people don't have sufficient access to money, which is the tool we use to obtain access to resources using markets. By making sure everyone has sufficient access to money, and therefore sufficient access to markets, we create the foundations for a stronger economy; and with it, a better society.
KG: Why haven't we seen an embrace of the basic income concept globally?
SS: I believe we are actively seeing the embrace of basic income globally. It's just not something that happens overnight. Think back to before women could vote and when we still thought it was a good idea to own people as property. When the first people came up with the idea that maybe slavery shouldn't exist, and that maybe women should be able to vote, were these ideas immediately implemented? Of course not. For women, it took centuries. For slavery, it took a war. Basic income is another idea that is taking centuries for people to similarly see the good sense of. But it is happening. Switzerland just voted on the idea. They voted against it, but they did the same thing the first time they got the chance to vote on a woman's right to vote, too. Finland is looking to test the idea for two years starting in 2017. The Netherlands is also testing it in multiple cities. Canada is looking to test the idea as well. Things are also looking very good for the UK to test the idea, and an independent Scotland would most likely incorporate the idea. There's a great deal of support in Iceland for basic income as well, and countries across Europe like Spain, France, and Italy are also increasingly discussing it, as are others. Make no mistake. This is a worldwide conversation and the race is on for the first country to adopt a universal basic income. Will it be a country like Finland who seems out ahead on this? Or will it be a country like China that isn't even talking about it, but is investing heavily in automation while simultaneously wanting a consumer economy? I don't know, but interesting times are ahead.
KG: Why is basic income the "only" solution to dealing with employment?
SS: Basic income isn't the only solution, but it's arguably the best solution because it's the solution that actually does the most. Look at education for example. It's been shown that increasing the incomes of parents does more for educational outcomes than something like pre-K. So why spend money on pre-K instead of parental incomes? If the reason kids aren't doing as well in school as they would if their parents just earned more money to improve household environments, why give money to schools instead of parents? It's the difference between treating the symptoms and treating the causes. Treating symptoms is wasteful and never ends. Treat the causes. Better yet, vaccinate against diseases so people don't get sick in the first place.
When it comes to work, we as a society have a serious problem with how we look at it. We don't look at all the work going on that's unpaid as work, even though it's arguably the most important kind of work. Think of care work and volunteering in our communities and the open-source movement, and even art. All of this work is valuable but unpaid. Meanwhile there are countless jobs full of work that we arguably shouldn't be doing. Maybe because it's harmful to people or the environment, or because it's work better done by machines, or perhaps because it's work that actually takes 4 hours instead of 8 but we pretend to be busy when we're not. Meanwhile, jobs that people don't like doing for the most part pay very little, while more enjoyable jobs pay more, which is all backwards. But it's the way it is because people must accept jobs if they can't say no to them. Those facing destitution say yes to working poverty because at least it's better than absolute poverty.
Basic income changes all of this by granting people the power to say no. With the ability to say no to jobs no one wants to do, those employers must pay more for people to do them, or reduce the hours, or invest in automation. With the power to say no also comes the ability to say yes. People can choose to do the unpaid work that is arguably more valuable. They can choose to use their basic incomes as basic venture capital to startup new businesses, and people with basic incomes can even afford to work at these startups for free in exchange for something like stock options that will reward them far more down the road if the idea is successful than a wage would have, because they have the real ability to work for free.
Basic income also changes the entire way we look at the growing gig economy. Right now Uber drivers might only be driving for Uber because they are barely getting by and need more money to meet their needs. With basic income operating as an income floor, Uber drivers have their basic needs covered and they are driving because they simply choose to drive for additional money (until a self-driving Uber provides far cheaper rides). On-demand labor with a basic income means that everyone has both greater ability to earn additional income and a feeling of economic security. On-demand labor without basic income means growing insecurity as more and more people try to just scrape by and monthly incomes vary so much that people are constantly falling behind and ceaselessly living on the edge.
And finally basic income changes the automation discussion from will robots take our jobs to let's give our jobs to robots. I think it's extremely odd that we've developed our technology to the point it can not only do our muscle work for us, but also a great deal of our mind work, and we're all worried it will do our work for us. That makes no sense to me. The fact anyone is even worried at all that machines might actually do our jobs for us is a big bright signal that we're doing something wrong, and what we're doing wrong is that we require employment in order to live. If we break that connection and allow people to live without employment, then we dissolve our fear of technological unemployment.
KG: What holes do you see in the argument to support a basic income? What needs to be addressed?
SS: The real holes in the basic income discussion are in the arguments of those afraid of the idea. Basic income is not unaffordable. It will save us far more than its net cost. Basic income will not lead to people doing nothing. It will enable people to do far more work that they are currently prevented from doing, and far more valuable work at that. Basic income will not lead to rampant inflation. It will stimulate economic growth and investment in automation and create a far stronger consumer base. Basic income will not lead to rampant illegal immigration. It will incentivize immigrants to pursue legal immigration since basic income will only be received by citizens or legal residents.
When it comes to discussing basic income, we need to get beyond these reflexive objections and get to the details. What would be the best way or mix of ways to fund it? Should it use a flat income tax, or a consumption tax, or a carbon tax, or a land value tax, or a transaction tax, or some mix thereof? Should it not even use tax and use something like publicly-created money instead, or perhaps some kind of revenue earned from patents and copyrights like making Disney pay rent to keep a monopoly on Mickey Mouse? Which programs should we eliminate or partially eliminate as no longer necessary and which programs should we keep? Which tax credits, deductions, and subsidies should we eliminate as no longer necessary and which ones should we keep? Should kids get basic income too? If so what percentage of an adult's basic income should it be? Who should it go to? What should happen to the basic incomes of those serving prison sentences? What's the best way to get basic income to everyone? Mailing checks? Using plastic cards? Wiring to bank accounts? Should the basic income be monthly, fortnightly, or weekly? There are so many discussions we need to have around the details. We need to talk about the best ways to go about basic income, not whether to do it or not.
KG: Why do you believe the population will be compelled to do more because they are supported by a basic income?
SS: Maslow described a hierarchy of needs as a pyramid where the base is our most basic needs--stuff like food and shelter, and where higher levels are things like relationships and self-improvement. Those higher needs can't be met until the lower needs are. If all you're worrying about is finding something to eat and a place to sleep, you're not working on human relationships or thinking about how to create cold fusion. Your thinking is limited. It's like wearing blinders. When the basics are covered people don't stop striving for more because everyone has more needs and wants than just food and shelter. People with basic incomes are still going to want to go out to dinners with friends. They're still going to want to go to movies, plays, sports events, and concerts. They're still going to want to buy nicer houses and nicer cars and nicer home entertainment systems. And they're definitely still going to want to do whatever they most want to do. If they love their job, it'll still be their job, unless a machine can do it. If they would rather become self-employed and create something other people will enjoy, it'll be that.
Basic income is about freedom of choice in how we work. If we are really worried about people not working when they have a basic income, we should acknowledge the truth behind that fear: we force people to work with the stick of poverty out of fear nothing will get done. In other words, that fear is a full-on endorsement of wage slavery for the good of humankind. And if you look back at history, you'll see the same argument used by plantation owners in support of slavery. But freed slaves didn't choose to do nothing as a result of their freedom did they? If we truly do want a free society, we should care about making a free market for labor, and we should recognize that the work people choose to do voluntarily is the work people do best and with the greatest motivation of all.
KG: How is this concept different from welfare programs?
SS: Welfare pays people to do nothing. Basic income pays people to do anything. What I mean by that is that welfare is a targeted program. It involves a decision of who qualifies, and then the removal of that assistance once they no longer qualify. If someone is getting welfare and then they lose that welfare once they get a job, they can end up no better off in spite of it. It's like we're taxing the poorest of the poor with the highest tax rates of all. They get a job and for every $1 they earn, they keep 15 cents or less. We are effectively punishing people given welfare for becoming employed. Basic income is never withdrawn with any amount of employment. Instead all employment adds additional income on top of the basic income. This is what I mean by a foundation. Everyone earns the basic income, and everyone who earns additional income earns additional income. It's an income floor people can build incomes on where instead of punishing people for employment, they are rewarded.
Additionally, because welfare is targeted, it introduces type II errors or false negatives. This means that people who we all say should get assistance, don't. They fall through the holes of our safety net like the net didn't even exist. Basic income's lack of conditions entirely eliminates all type II errors. Instead the worst thing that happens is that people who we don't see as needing assistance get assistance, otherwise known as a type I error or false positive. The former case is like not throwing a life preserver to someone who is drowning, and the latter case is like throwing a life preserver to someone who already has one. One can result in death and the other can just be seen as unnecessary. I think all of us would rather get an extra life preserver than drown. Additionally, simply adjusting the tax code is how we can reduce type I errors, by effectively clawing back income at the top for a change instead of the bottom like we do now.
Want to collaborate on the next generation of employment? Add yourself to my Future of Work list here.
Continue the conversation with me here: @kaviguppta.
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57247da34c0e4f414d87c08b25420780 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/01/27/deepak-chopra-says-bacteria-listen-to-our-thoughts/ | Deepak Chopra Says Bacteria Listen To Our Thoughts | Deepak Chopra Says Bacteria Listen To Our Thoughts
Deepak Chopra, author, public speaker and alternative medicine advocate who shot to fame on The Oprah Winfrey Show in the 90s, was the first guest at this week’s “Fat Summit” online conference. Hosted by Mark Hyman, celebrity doctor, long time Clinton family advisor and author of upcoming book, Eat Fat, Get Thin, the Fat Summit’s tagline-- “Separating Fat From Fiction”-- is clever fluff.
Deepak Chopra in the Netherlands, on June 5, 2015. (OLAF KRAAK/AFP/Getty Images)
Boasting interviews with thirty “top scientists, doctors and health experts,” Hyman's summit purports to explain to viewers of the online conference, available at no cost for a limited time (after which there is a fee for download), why eating more fat is the key to getting healthy and fit. Featuring the who’s who of food quackery, from David Asprey of the unscientific butter-in-your-coffee school of thought, to Vani “The Food Babe” Hari, known for her fearmongering antics, the summit is less about fat and more about demonizing modern technologies like genetic engineering and ingredients like artificial preservatives.
"I feel like a slacker, I only have nine New York Times bestsellers,” Hyman laughed as he introduced Deepak Chopra, who has more than 20 bestsellers under his belt. The summit’s first guest, he touted the benefits of Indian-style clarified butter known as “ghee,” as well as the advantages of keeping a gratitude journal, which he claims can reduce “leaky gut,” in turn decreasing incidence of heart disease and diabetes.
While “leaky gut syndrome” is poorly understood and is not a diagnosis taught in medical school, Chopra blames stress and an “inflamed microbiome” for causing the condition, which he implicates in a raft of health problems. Though "leaky gut syndrome" is largely promoted by pseudoscientists and is not recognized by the mainstream medical community, scientists are learning that "the gut," or intestinal tract, can "leak," allowing substances through microscopic openings in its lining and into the rest of the body. And although our understanding of intestinal permeability is changing, Chopra’s misinformation-laden messaging is a far cry from evidence-based.
According to Chopra, that pesky inflamed microbiome is sentient. The genome, microbiome and epigenome, which the author collectively calls the “super gene,” are referenced throughout the interview. His book, Super Genes: The Key to Health and Well-Being, was published last year.
In the world of science, the genome is the entirety of the genetic information contained in the nucleus of each somatic cell in any organism’s body, coding for the functions of life. The microbiome is a term used to describe the entirety of all of the microorganisms in any environment, as well as the genetic information contained therein, with those myriad little guys’ genes outnumbering the human genes in our body by 100 to 1. The epigenome is an array of structural compounds that don’t code for proteins the way genes do, but that interact with and affect gene activity.
The functions, interactions and inner workings of these “omes” are complex, with our understanding of them still at an infant stage. In other words, what we know about the microbiome, epigenome and genome is dwarfed by what we have yet to learn, and Deepak Chopra exploits this, taking brazen liberties to fill in the gaps.
In Deepak Chopra’s dream world, “we are a few human cells hanging on to a bacterial colony, we are the awakening of bacterial consciousness.” According to the celebrity butcher of science, the microbiome has likes and dislikes.
“It doesn’t like anything that’s refined, manufactured, processed, GMO’d, because again GMO interferes with its ecology. It is the life of the earth. And when it gets inflamed, it sends out metabolites that cause disruption of the activity, both of the epigenome and of the gene directly.”
Though the effect of the herbicide glyphosate, often used on crops engineered to resist it, on intestinal bacteria strains has been studied in vitro, meaning in laboratory culture and not in the body, it’s a huge leap to say our friend the microbiome doesn’t like things that are “GMO’d.”
After all, the terms “GMO” and "Genetically Modified Organism" are scientifically arbitrary, so using it as a verb is no expert move. Considering that the famous meditation proponent loves wielding genomics jargon, he should know that “GMO” describes diverse techniques and products, a term that scientists don't use in serious discussion. From crops engineered with an insecticidal protein to prevent boring insect damage, to genetically engineered papayas bred to be resistant to a virus that nearly wiped them out, "GMO" can hardly describe the diversity in products and techniques onto which the term is so haphazardly slapped.
Chopra should also know that the vast majority of the foods we consume, including organic and so-called "non-GMO" varieties, have had their genomes altered in the field or in a lab with techniques like selective breeding, radiation or chemical mutagenesis, and wide cross hybridization, which unnaturally “forces” organisms of different species or genera to produce offspring.
Either disingenuous or ignorant of these facts, frequent criticism doesn’t seem to deter Chopra from spouting microbiome misinformation. While discussing yoga during his interview with Chopra, Mark Hyman gushed, “I love yoga, and I do it, and I always feel transformed, and it’s amazing that not only your genes are listening to your thoughts, but your microbiome, the bacteria are listening to your thoughts.” Yoga can be a great form of exercise, but this is a bit of a stretch.
But Chopra agreed with Hyman: “Yeah, the bacterial genes are listening to your thoughts.”
Hey Deepak Chopra, would you mind asking my microbiome what it wants for dinner? Mine won’t talk to me.
Kavin Senapathy’s book examining popular food myths, “The Fear Babe: Shattering Vani Hari’s Glass House,” with co-authors Marc Draco and Mark Alsip, is available now. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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5e18ab4e6fb0f0e4a26f92b0a138a63b | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/04/28/pepsi-coke-want-you-to-think-real-sugar-is-good-for-you/?sh=7309d42e64d1 | Pepsi, Coke And Other Soda Companies Want You To Think 'Real' Sugar Is Good For You--It's Not | Pepsi, Coke And Other Soda Companies Want You To Think 'Real' Sugar Is Good For You--It's Not
Bottles of soda are displayed in a cooler at a convenience store on June 10, 2015 in San Francisco,... [+] California. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)
The crisp “pop” from a soda can signals the afternoon pick-me-up so many enjoy. And with the natural and real food craze showing no signs of slowing, soft drink companies are cashing in on beverages sweetened with “real” sugar. Does this mean non-cane sugars are fake? Hardly.
A new player in the real sugar lineup, Pepsi’s “1893” is a hat tip to the cola’s origins as “Brad’s Drink” that year. Boasting “a bold combination of kola nuts, real sugar, and sparkling water,” the beverage joins the company’s other offerings of soft drinks made with so-called “real” sugar.
Real sugar aficionados who prefer an afternoon Coke kick reach for imported Mexican Coke, which has a strong cult following, or Coca-Cola Life, introduced in 2014. And for those with a more hipster taste, craft sodas are taking a strong hold in the real sugar market, with brands like Jones, Hansen’s, Dry and Sky Valley on store shelves with basic varieties like colas and root beers, and niche flavors like lavender and cucumber.
Gallery: Coke Brands Around The World 10 images View gallery
The cane sugar in these products are a chic alternative to high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), a food industry Frankenstein's monster and staple in beverages, breads, cereals, condiments and more. But HFCS is no less “real” than cane sugar.
There is no difference between the fructose and glucose in sucrose, the white stuff derived from sugarcane, and the fructose and glucose in HFCS, and the body can’t tell them apart during metabolism. Experts say that cane sugar is no healthier than corn syrup, with the “sugar is sugar” mantra popular among food scientists, doctors and Registered Dietitians (RD or RDN), not to be confused with “nutritionists,” who aren’t credentialed experts.
As Amber Pankonin, advisor to the Calorie Control Council, better known as “RD Amber” in the Twitterverse explains, “Both table sugar and HFCS contain both fructose and glucose. Sucrose or table sugar contains about 50% fructose and 50% glucose. Most of the beverages sweetened with HFCS use HFCS-55 which is about 55% fructose and 45% glucose.”
The “real" sugar soda trend is a clever bait and switch. With high fructose corn syrup condemned as “unnatural” in the media, the perception that cane sugar is more healthy is only natural. “If you had asked me a few years ago, people were moving to diet sodas. Now they view real sugar as good for you,” said Pepsi CEO Indra Nooyi to investors in a conference call last year.
But unless you have soda as a rare treat as part of a wholesome and complete diet, sugar soda probably isn’t a good choice, whether it's made with cane or corn derived sugar.
With most Americans consuming too little of the good stuff like whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and the majority of adults classified as overweight or obese, sugar soda is simply not a good idea for most people, regardless of where the sugar came from. If you can't ditch or reduce the soda habit, diet is a better choice.
Most diet sodas are sweetened with aspartame, another much-maligned monster of the food world. The calorie-free sweetener, discovered accidentally in the 1960s by a chemist working with amino acids (the natural building blocks of life) is wrongly blamed for a number of cancers, neurological disorders and other health problems.
People with phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder occurring in about one out of several thousand people on average, are the only ones who shouldn’t consume aspartame. All babies in the U.S. and most other developed nations are screened for the disorder, receiving a diagnosis in plenty of time to prevent adverse outcomes. Unable to break down phenylalanine, one of many kinds of amino acids naturally present in many dietary proteins, PKU patients must avoid foods containing it in high levels, like soybeans, nuts and certain dairy, or risk brain damage, intellectual disability and developmental problems. Foods and beverages containing aspartame are among prohibited foods for PKU patients, carrying a warning: “Phenylketonurics – contains phenylalanine.”
There is no evidence to show that aspartame is bad for anyone else. Recent headlines declaring that aspartame causes obesity are misleading. While people who drink diet soda may be prone to overeating or putting on weight, this doesn’t mean that drinking diet soda makes you fat. As Dr. Steven Novella writes at Science-Based Medicine, “studies of substituting aspartame for sugar in a blinded fashion show that calories are reduced, contributing to weight loss.”
Barring taste preference, factors to consider when choosing between diet or regular soda include overall caloric intake and level of physical activity. “For some, the calories from sugar or HFCS are fine,” says Milton Stokes, RD and Director, Global Health & Nutrition Outreach at Monsanto . “Others may prefer to spend calories differently.”
Stokes says that when it comes to calories, “spend” is synonymous with consume or choose, with each food choice costing calories from our daily budget. “I choose to drink Coke Zero because it’s calorie-free and because I prefer the taste over other carbonated beverages. For calories, that costs me nothing. With other beverages, I spend calories on cream in my coffee a couple times per day.”
Most sugar sodas, whether sweetened with HFCS or cane sugar, contain around 150 calories in a can, with very low or non-existent nutritional bang for your calorie buck.
“I think most dietitians would be in agreement that any sweetened beverage should be consumed in moderation, whether it is craft/artisan or bottled by a multinational company,” says Leah McGrath, RDN, a Corporate Dietitian at Ingles Supermarkets in several states in the Southeastern U.S. “[I]f I was counseling someone who really drank a lot of regular soda (I have had people who were drinking a liter a day) I might try weaning them from regular sodas onto fewer sodas and then diet sodas and then hopefully a sparkling water or plain water - but this could probably not be done overnight.”
By all means, choose regular soda if you prefer it over diet, which some say just doesn’t taste the same. But make no mistake: your “real” sugar soda is not somehow better because it’s “natural.”
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1b2032be342dfa810db7c14a9d440d30 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/05/17/parents-put-that-strangers-breast-milk-down-and-pick-up-a-bottle-of-formula/ | Parents, Put That Stranger's Breast Milk Down And Pick Up A Bottle Of Formula | Parents, Put That Stranger's Breast Milk Down And Pick Up A Bottle Of Formula
We’ve heard the mantra and know it well: “Breast is best.” With the American Academy of Pediatrics and World Health Organization recommending exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, the pressure to breastfeed begins well before baby arrives. Studies suggest that breastfed babies have decreased likelihood of allergies, asthma and illness, higher IQ and higher wages. But is breast milk, often known as “liquid gold” superior enough to warrant feeding your child milk from the freezer stash of a stranger you met online?
Shutterstock
Unregulated online milk sharing forums are more active than a newly-crawling tot. As I write, the Human Milk 4 Human Babies Wisconsin Facebook page, just one of many HM4HB sites for several states, updates every few minutes with offers and requests of pumped breast milk. The group, part of a nationwide network that connects donors to recipients, prohibits milk sales but allows reimbursement for pumping supplies.
The Human Milk Banking Association of North America accredits banks throughout the U.S. and Canada. With oversight from the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Disease Control, the member milk banks follow strict screening, processing and distribution guidelines. These non-profit banks serve premature or sick infants, and recipients must have prescriptions from their doctors.
But there are plenty of moms with healthy babies who wouldn't qualify for prescriptions and want to avoid formula, and are willing to get breast milk from strangers on the internet. “I'm starting to panic because I don't know what I'm going to do,” writes a frazzled mom in the California HM4HB Facebook group, after being unable to pump sufficient breast milk for her infant.
A Pennsylvania mom laments to the Eats on Feets milk sharing community, “I want whats best for my little guy and feel horrible as a mother that i cant give him it [sic].” Though Eats on Feets also only allows donations and prohibits sales, the organization warns that some recipients are dishonest, and will turn around and sell donor milk. Sites like Only The Breast allow buying and selling of breast milk, which goes for around $1-3 per ounce, with the average infant consuming 19-32 ounces a day.
These moms’ feelings are only natural, and tragic. After all if breast is truly best, wouldn’t most parents feel disappointment and guilt for failing to provide it?
As a new exhausted mom in 2011 I struggled to nurse my first child, with physical soreness and worse, the pain of a broken heart as my baby lost more weight than my doctor was comfortable with. (A typical newborn loses up to 7% of its birth weight before starting to regain.) She assured me that I would only have to supplement for a couple days while I kept pumping and nursing to ramp up my breast milk supply. Still, I felt like a failure. We drove straight from the clinic to the store and as my husband and infant waited in the car, I choked back tears as I grabbed bottles of formula from the shelf, imagining disapproving stares from fellow customers on my back.
My doctor was right. My milk supply increased, the pain subsided and I happily ditched the formula, which my daughter never had again. Why the happiness following the intense anxiety of those two long days of formula feeding, pumping and washing pump parts and bottles around the clock? I believed I had triumphed over my body's defiance, that I was doing the right thing for my child. I had no idea then that although studies show benefits, breast milk is only marginally better than formula when taking confounding factors into account. (It’s important to note that this is only in the developed world, where we have access to safe drinking water with which to prepare formula.)
As Emily Oster, Associate Professor of economics at Brown University writes for FiveThirtyEight, “It is not that the claims about benefits are completely made up. They are mostly based on some data. The trouble is that the evidence they are based on is often seriously biased by the fact that women who breastfeed are typically different from those who do not. Breastfeeding rates differ dramatically across income, education and race.”
Most breastfeeding studies don’t account for other factors that contribute to improved outcomes for breastfed babies. My breastfed kids may or may not end up with fewer health problems, better academic performance or higher wages than the average formula-fed child. If that happens, is it because of breastfeeding, or because their dad and I are financially stable, don’t smoke, have a strong relationship and live in the same household, have access to quality healthcare, read books to them regularly and so on?
When these types of factors are considered, it becomes clear that all that glitters isn’t liquid gold.
Is it breastfeeding itself or being the type of mom who breastfeeds that leads to better outcomes? Studies comparing families with one breastfed child and one formula-fed child help answer this question, because outside of breastfeeding, other factors remain largely the same for these siblings. The authors of a 2014 Ohio State University sibling study “Is Breast Truly Best,” say that the benefits typically attributed to breastfeeding itself "may primarily be due to selection pressures into infant feeding practices along key demographic characteristics such as race and socioeconomic status.”
The best data would come from randomized trials, in which one set of moms is randomly assigned to breastfeed and the other to formula feed, but because the ethics of such an approach seem dubious, there exists only one such trial, and the breastfeeding benefits shown are very minor.
When comparing those small benefits to the risks of random breast milk from internet strangers, it’s clear that formula is a better choice. “I can’t think of a single instance for which feeding a child milk from an essentially unknown source, shipped or stored in unknown ways, with unknown levels of bacterial or viral contamination and unknown levels of drugs, alcohol, or other contaminants would be a good idea,” Dr. Adam Ratner, Division Chief of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at New York University School of Medicine tells me. “In the case of unregulated sharing of breast milk, I worry that in an effort to do the best thing for their baby, some parents might make decisions that actually put the child at considerably more risk,” he says.
According to Ratner, these risks include infections that can be transmitted through breast milk, including HIV, hepatitis B and C, cytomegalovirus (CMV), group B Streptococcus (GBS), and many others. “Many of these infections can occur without causing symptoms,” he cautions. “The donor may feel fine but still transmit the infection via breast milk.”
Ratner also stresses that breast milk must be processed and stored in specific ways to minimize the risk of contamination and microbial growth. Though unregulated online forums like HM4HB provide pasteurization and handling instructions, these “may not have been validated and may be very difficult to carry out effectively using home equipment,” he explains. “[T]here is no quality control for the process, so there is really no way for an individual to know whether their home pasteurization attempt has been effective.”
Illegal and legal drugs as well as dietary components like caffeine and alcohol are also difficult to weed out even with communities like Eats on Feets requiring full disclosure from donors and advising recipients to “ask about the donor’s health, lifestyle, and habits.” Ratner explains, “Sourcing breast milk from internet forums introduces a level of uncertainty and risk that, in my opinion, outweighs any benefit that the milk might provide over formula feeding.”
A pediatrician who contributes regularly to The Daily Beast under the pen name Russell Saunders agrees. “There is no way to verify that what you are getting is what you're being told, and no means of being sure it's genuinely safe for consumption,” he tells me. “I would never recommend it to my patients.”
“With something so fraught as childrearing, any deviation from what's touted as ‘best’ is by definition sub-optimal,” says Saunders. “[P]arents are going to strive to give their kids whatever the ‘best’ may be, including breastfeeding.” Both Saunders and Ratner make clear that breastfeeding is worth trying and supporting, but that formula is a safe, healthy option and that moms shouldn’t feel guilty for choosing it.
“I feel the pressure to do so, and the association between one's choice or ability to breastfeed and one's quality as a mother is damaging and unfounded,” says Saunders. “Breastfeeding simply isn't always going to work well for every new family, and it's very important to me that those families are accorded the same support, respect, and care that any other family would receive.”
Former breast cancer patient Amanda Hynum, who is expecting her first baby this spring and had a bilateral mastectomy two years ago felt this pressure despite having “no breasts to breastfeed with.” “[O]nce at the very beginning of my pregnancy, I think I cried,” she tells me. But she’s been fine since then, reminding herself that “in the big scheme of things, it's not what's important,” and that “fed is best.”
"I'm seeing a lot of women beating themselves up over breastfeeding difficulties,” Hynum explains. She wishes they wouldn’t. “I've seen words like ‘failure,’ being thrown around,” she says.
Ladies and parents of all genders, let’s stop beating ourselves up. Let’s stop assigning “failure” and “success” to our bodily functions. It’s fantastic if you want to breastfeed and can. But if you don’t breastfeed, whether it’s because you have no breasts, have pain or other challenges, your baby is adopted or you simply don’t want to, don’t sweat. Please don't hit up an unregulated online forum for a stranger’s breast milk. Grab a bottle of formula and feed that kid. Don't worry, she’ll be alright.
Kavin Senapathy is a science communicator and mom of two living in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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6f3f2a756f18c8aba72a8ce6c4e0a49c | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/07/12/would-you-rather-buy-organic-or-poison-your-family-ewg-wants-you-to-pick-one/ | Would You Rather Buy Organic Or Poison Your Family? EWG Wants You To Pick One | Would You Rather Buy Organic Or Poison Your Family? EWG Wants You To Pick One
A protest march against the use of pesticides and for organic agriculture on March 26, 2016, in... [+] Paris. (STEPHANE DE SAKUTIN/AFP/Getty Images)
The Environmental Working Group, an NGO best known for its annual list of “Dirty Dozen” fruits and veggies that they advise choosing organic to avoid pesticide residues as part of its annual “Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce,” oozes credibility. After all, with a mission “to empower people to live healthier lives in a healthier environment,” the EWG seemingly helps American consumers make wise purchasing decisions for their families and the earth.
In reality, the EWG, which has been dubbed the Environmental Worry Group, frightens consumers about chemicals and their safety, cloaking fear mongering in a clever disguise of caring and empowerment. Criticism of the organization, whose rhetoric is dirtier than any fruit or veggie on its list, boils down to two main points: 1) The methodologies EWG uses in analysis on food, cosmetics, children’s products and more are fundamentally flawed and 2) The EWG is largely funded by the very companies its shopping recommendations help.
Take again, for example, the annual Dirty Dozen list. A 2011 paper published in the Journal of Toxicology concludes that “consumer exposures to the ten most frequently detected pesticides on EWG's ‘Dirty Dozen’ commodity list are at negligible levels” and “the EWG methodology is insufficient to allow any meaningful rankings among commodities.” (Note: Their methodology hasn’t really changed in the last five years.)
Largely funded by organic industry sponsors like Organic Valley and Stonyfield Farms, the EWG doesn't evaluate or discuss pesticides used in organic farming, let alone explicitly tell consumers that organic farming uses pesticides too. That fits with the organic industry trend of intentionally misleading the public to increase market share, as this 2014 analysis at Academics Review explains. Consumer misconceptions about pesticides have a significant influence on purchasing behavior, and the organic industry does little to clear them up, often deliberately adding misinformation fuel to the confusion fire.
Activist Facts, which provides the public and media with in-depth profiles of think tanks, activist groups and foundations, along with information about funding sources, sums it up:
“[T]he Environmental Working Group is a cauldron where many of the worst pseudoscience smear campaigns are cooked up. It preys on the public’s distrust of polysyllabic scientific jargon—and reporters’ ignorance of the same—to make it sound as if everyday items with complicated names are, in fact, deadly dangerous.”
If you’re on EWG’s mailing list, you can be deceived from the comfort of your own inbox a few times a week. In a June 28 email, I received a survey masquerading as well-meaning concern in a message sent to the group’s more than 500,000 subscribers. “Are you concerned about the use of toxic synthetic pesticides in the United States?”, the first question asks. “[S]ynthetic pesticides used in conventional agriculture are contaminating our water, air and even our food. These pesticides are linked to health issues, including cancer, endocrine disruption and nervous system damage.”
Horrifying! Or is it? When it comes to the EWG, the truth is hidden between the lines. The weasel words “linked to” enable huge leaps from in vitro (read: in a petri dish), non-human animal or other types of studies that don’t actually conclude that these chemicals cause real-world problems, to "be very afraid" conclusions. Ignoring the vast weight of scientific evidence pointing to the safety of pesticides as farmers use them, the EWG conveniently leaves out several relevant facts, including that all farming requires pest control, and organic and conventional methods alike use pesticides to prevent crop damage and loss. To use a favorite organic industry buzzword, farming without pesticides is hardly sustainable.
EWG also fails to mention that in high enough doses, all pesticides, both natural and synthetic, can cause harm. The U.S. government regulates residues in both organic and conventional produce to be far lower than levels that would pose health concerns. Though omission isn’t a “lie” per se, like other organic interest groups the EWG cuts it awfully close , consistently leaving out mention of the list of pesticides the USDA allows in organic farming, as well as health and environmental problems they’ve been “linked to.” All pesticides, even the largely naturally-derived ones used in organic agriculture, are toxic in high enough doses but are safe as used in farming. Period.
The next survey question asks, “Are you worried about your family’s exposure to harmful pesticides?” The answer options read, “Yes, I’m extremely worried about my family’s exposure to harmful pesticides” or “No, I’m not worried about my family’s exposure to harmful pesticides.” I had to pick one arbitrarily, since the one I would have chosen, “No, I’m not worried about my family’s exposure to pesticides because foods on the market don’t pose harm to me or my children, and please stop trying to scare me about my food,” wasn’t available.
After a few more similarly leading and inflammatory questions, the survey gets to the meat of the matter.
"Less than 1% of our farmland is dedicated to growing organic crops. Do you think the U.S. government should invest in organic agriculture to make it more affordable and accessible for consumers?"
Well played, EWG. Scare people about pesticides used in conventional farming, imply that organic farming doesn't use toxic pesticides, stopping safely short of lying, and then ask survey-takers whether they want the government to invest in organic agriculture. Allow me to make a prediction--EWG will use the survey results to claim that American consumers want more organic farmland. Brilliant tactic.
The survey closes, “Will you donate $10 or more now to get your free copy of the Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce and make sure EWG can continue advocating against harmful chemicals in food?”, taking participants to a donation page.
Again, Activist Facts says it well:
“[T]he EWG has a history of passing shady “science” off as solid facts. Its main talent isn’t research, it’s duping reporters into credulously transcribing their “findings.” A nonprofit organization that has learned how to turn public panic into a stream of hefty donations, the Environmental Working Group has no problem ginning up outrage that causes families needless worry and does incalculable damage to honest industries. Hyperbole, it seems, is big business – last year the EWG raised more than $6 million.”
With that much money, you’d think they could afford to be honest.
Kavin Senapathy is a science communicator and mom of two living in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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aab1c62aa00aaf5b51f2bb62a630deda | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/07/21/gwyneth-paltrow-sells-toxic-goop/ | Gwyneth Paltrow Sells 'Toxic' Goop With Ingredients She Says Are Dangerous | Gwyneth Paltrow Sells 'Toxic' Goop With Ingredients She Says Are Dangerous
By Mark Alsip and Kavin Senapathy
Gwyneth Paltrow attends the goop pop Dallas Launch Party on November 20, 2014 in Dallas, Texas.... [+] (Photo by Layne Murdoch Jr./Getty Images for goop)
Depending on whom you ask, Goop.com is either a ritzy lifestyle publication or a grab bag of the ridiculous, from advice on vaginal steam treatments to a shopping section featuring a $73 wooden spoon and a $576 earring (you read that right; it’s a single earring for the left ear).
The site’s curator, actress and aspirational human being Gwyneth Paltrow, isn’t only out to sell a lifestyle but to protect us from the so-called toxins she claims lurk in beauty products, foods and non-steamed vaginas found in average neighborhoods, poisoning unsuspecting commoners. The site’s name is derived from Paltrow’s initials and features her face throughout, at times smiling, other times solemn, and occasionally covered in high-end luxury goop, known as face cream or mask for the frugal department store shoppers. In other words, Goop is an internet extension of all things Gwyneth.
Gallery: Celebrity 100 Comebacks: Returning Stars of 2016 21 images View gallery
As Paltrow herself has been called a hypocrite, for everything from smoking cigarettes once a week to attending a swanky gala mere hours after publicly shopping on a food stamp budget, so too should Goop be judged. When celebs and sites whose advice fans hold dear warn against exposure to certain ostensibly harmful chemicals and in the next breath sell products containing those same substances, we wonder whether they’re disingenuous or sincerely misinformed. This chemical hypocrisy is a common phenomenon as co-author Mark Alsip frequently reveals on his Bad Science Debunked blog, and one Goop is no stranger to.
In the Goop article “Full-On—Yet Totally Non-Toxic—Lipstick,” the site recommends seven “better-than-good-enough-to-eat” lip colors that aren’t “potentially toxic.” This and other Goop articles suggest dire health consequences from topical use or ingestion of several chemicals including aluminum, and personal care products containing it are squarely in the lifestyle maven’s crosshairs. An entire Goop exposé dedicated to “toxic” lipsticks features aluminum, the most common metal in the Earth’s crust, prominently as an ingredient to avoid.
Since Goop asserts that aluminum is harmful even in small amounts, we wonder whether Paltrow’s team intentionally overlooked that two of the three Rituel de Fille “Forbidden” lipsticks the site sells contain aluminum hydroxide. Paltrow’s unscientific definition of a “dangerous” chemical compound seems to be the mere presence of aluminum rather than the amount and mode of exposure, an important distinction toxicologists make. Nearly a dozen products on Goop contain the element in various compounds, and peddling the item on the same website that calls it dangerous is indefensible.
Aluminum, Paltrow’s site warns, can contribute to heavy metal toxicity, calling the condition “one of the greatest threats to our health and well-being.” Perhaps Goop needs to add a disclaimer: Expect hyperbole. Though Goop says that heavy metal toxicity is “quite common,” experts disagree. “Unfortunately for quacks (and fortunately for us), genuine heavy metal poisoning is increasingly uncommon,” explains Dr. David Gorski, outspoken critic of alternative medicine, at the Science Based Medicine blog. “[O]ften the diagnosis of “heavy metal toxicity” made by alt-med practitioners is based on 'provoked' urine levels, a methodology that has no validity.”
Lipstick isn’t the only goop Paltrow has on her face--not if she uses the high-end sunscreens she recommends. In “The Dirty on Getting Clean,” Goop places a class of chemicals known as parabens on the short list of chemicals to avoid in cosmetics. Linking any compound that ends in the suffix “paraben” to breast cancer, the article specifically indicts the preservatives methylparaben and propylparaben as toxic. Fast-forward to Goop’s “The Safest Non-Toxic Sunscreens” article, and you’ll find Paltrow selling (via an affiliate link) La Roche-Posay Anthelios SX Daily Moisturizing Cream with Sunscreen—made with methylparaben and propylparaben.
“The presence of this toxic preservative [parabens]—an endocrine disruptor—is indicated by any word that ends in paraben, like methylparaben, propylparaben, etc.,” explains the article. The Food and Drug Administration takes a less fatalistic view on parabens, pointing out that parabens have been found safe at levels up to 25%, while actual usage in cosmetics ranges from just 0.01 to 0.3%. A type of preservative used in cosmetics to slow the growth of microbes, parabens help prevent nasty infections that could otherwise occur.
In the same article that ominously warns of the perils of parabens, Goop sounds the alarm over formaldehyde, which the site says is a carcinogen linked to asthma and developmental toxicity. The chemical is often not explicitly labeled on cosmetics, the site explains, but advises readers to look out for a host of possible formaldehyde-releasing compounds, including sodium hydroxymethylglycinate.
Guess what's in the Grown Alchemist Shampoo & Conditioner sold on Goop ($49 for both 10 ounce bottles)? Sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, the very ingredient Goop says is a hidden source of formaldehyde. The same stuff can also be found in Grown Alchemist Body Cream and Body Cleanser, both also sold on Goop.
What Paltrow and her team don’t mention is that though it’s best known as a component in embalming fluid, formaldehyde is a naturally-occurring compound produced by all life forms, including plants, and humans and other animals, and is essential in the production of some amino acids that keep us alive. Like parabens, formaldehyde-releasers are used in minuscule amounts as preservatives, preventing the growth of microbes on personal care products.
To demonstrate the apparent lack of research Gwyneth Paltrow and her team put into their merchandise recommendations, try Googling “goop.com hydroxymethylglycinate.” The search returns several Goop articles trumpeting the dangers of sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, followed by links selling you products containing the very same ingredient.
It’s worth stressing again that none of the chemicals Goop warns against are harmful in our personal care products, and neither glitterati nor more ordinary people need worry about them. As we noted in an earlier discussion, chemical hypocrites like Paltrow are either cunningly disingenuous, instilling fear to line their pockets, or they fail miserably at due diligence.
“We will never recommend something that we don’t love, and think worthy of your wallets and your time,” the site’s “What’s Goop” section explains. “We value your trust above all things.” Perhaps both Goop’s team of experts and Gwyneth herself could try coming clean with more than the high-end cleansers they hawk.
Like Kavin Senapathy's Facebook page and follow her on Twitter. Read Mark Alsip's work on his Bad Science Debunked blog.
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237c784c05e3f74459ae4206f479f235 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/09/27/beware-of-accidentally-starving-your-breastfed-newborn/ | Beware Of Accidentally Starving Your Breastfed Newborn, Warns The Fed Is Best Foundation | Beware Of Accidentally Starving Your Breastfed Newborn, Warns The Fed Is Best Foundation
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The Fed is Best Foundation turns the “breast is best” adage on its head in an effort to inform new parents that insufficient feeding in the early days of life, before mother’s milk comes in, can have serious, lasting consequences. The resulting low blood sugar, jaundice and dehydration can cause brain injury, and Fed is Best works to educate, increase awareness and offer solutions. Moms feel the pressure to breastfeed well before baby arrives, and while benefits of breastfeeding are well known, the potential harms in the first few days remain largely unrecognized among parents.
Though studies suggest benefits, like decreased likelihood of allergies, asthma and illness, and higher IQ and wages, breast milk is only marginally better than formula when taking confounding factors into account. (It’s important to note that this is only in the developed world, where we have access to safe drinking water with which to prepare formula.) This column won’t focus on the exaggeration of breastfeeding benefits, but on the effects of insufficient feeding in exclusively breastfed newborns, the potential complications, and how to prevent them. For more information on common misrepresentations about breastfeeding, see this article from FiveThirtyEight and this one from The Philadelphia Inquirer, both of which are good primers.
Also on Forbes:
The Fed is Best Foundation is a non-profit volunteer organization of parents and health professionals who study the scientific literature on infant feeding and real-life infant feeding experiences of mothers. Dr. Christie del Castillo-Hegyi, M.D., an emergency physician who researches newborn brain injury and breastfeeding complications, is the co-founder of Fed is Best, along with Jody Segrave-Daly, a newborn ICU nurse and IBCLC (lactation consultant) with over 30 years of experience caring for newborns, and extensive experience managing starvation-related complications from exclusive breastfeeding in her patients. “We’re both clinicians who have dealt with the impacts of underfed breastfed babies firsthand,” del Castillo-Hegyi tells me.
“The [breast is best] mantra is intended to be about how to best feed your infant, but it misses the point of infant feeding entirely,” del Castillo-Hegyi says. “The push to promote exclusive breastfeeding as best for all babies neglects one very important matter, which is making sure that a baby is fed above all else.” She explains that though “breast is best” is emphasized, women should also be taught that exclusively breastfed newborns are far more likely to be hospitalized for excessive weight loss and dehydration than an adequately fed newborn.
The problem is that medical professionals, lactation consultants and leading breastfeeding advocacy organization La Leche League tell new mothers that newborns who nurse frequently will get enough milk. They warn against supplementation, saying that it will hinder breastfeeding success. Del Castillo-Hegyi explains that one “logical fallacy of breastfeeding education is that humans have evolved perfectly and therefore nature protects our babies.” She stresses that this is misguided, and that historically, babies died when mothers who failed to lactate couldn’t find a wet nurse or another source of milk. “Luckily, humans developed an alternative that allowed the least-fed to survive, an alternative that is being made less available to mothers who are made to feel like failures for using it,” she explains. Indeed, hospitals increasingly discourage the use of infant formula, and the breastmilk versus formula battle rages on in parenting forums internet-wide.
Has a causal relationship been established in scientific literature between brain injury and insufficient feeding in breastfed newborns and infants, or is it a correlation? (The distinction between correlation and causation is important. For example, watching too much television might correlate with weight gain, but the cause is excessive caloric intake and decreased physical activity.) “A causative relationship has absolutely been established,” del Castillo-Hegyi says. Babies who are not fed enough eventually develop dehydration, low blood pressure and hypoglycemia, better known as low blood sugar. She says that all of these conditions will cause brain injury if not corrected. “No creature can live without calories or water and the brain is exquisitely vulnerable to loss of circulation from severe dehydration and hypoglycemia.”
Del Castillo-Hegyi has a harrowing personal connection to this issue. In an open letter on the Fed is Best website, she writes about her son, who suffered newborn jaundice due to insufficient milk intake from delayed milk production in the first days of life:
“Our pediatrician told us that we had the option of either feeding formula or waiting for my milk to come in at day 4 or 5 of life. Wanting badly to succeed in breastfeeding him, we went another day unsuccessfully breastfeeding and went to a lactation consultant the next day who weighed his feeding and discovered that he was getting absolutely no milk. When I pumped and manually expressed, I realized I produced nothing. I imagined the four days of torture he experienced and how 2 days of near-continuous breastfeeding encouraged by breastfeeding manuals was a sign of this. We fed him formula after that visit and he finally fell asleep. Three hours later, we found him unresponsive. We forced milk into his mouth, which made him more alert, but then he seized. We rushed him to the emergency room. He had a barely normal glucose (50 mg/dL), a severe form of dehydration called hypernatremia (157 mEq/L) and severe jaundice (bilirubin 24 mg/dL). We were reassured that he would be fine, but having done newborn brain injury research, knowing how little time it takes for brain cells to die due to hypoglycemia and severe dehydration, I did not believe it, although I hoped it.”
Del Castillo-Hegyi, whose son was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, ADHD and other developmental delays at age 3, believes that there is a strong link between such impairments and insufficient newborn feeding. When I asked whether peer-reviewed scientific literature shows that insufficient feeding itself is a direct cause, she says that studies on developmental conditions including ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, sensory processing disorder and epilepsy “have been associated with the complications of insufficient breastfeeding, not the insufficient feeding itself.”
While hypernatremic dehydration, hyperbilirubinemia and hypoglycemia have all been implicated in dozens of studies to increase the risk of these conditions, del Castillo-Hegyi explains that “no studies have been done to directly measure the effects of fasting physiology that exclusively breastfed newborns are exposed to in the first days of life in comparison to supplemented or formula-fed newborns.”
Simply put, the correlation is there, but we don’t know for sure that insufficient feeding can cause specific conditions like autism and ADHD. We know that not getting enough milk can cause brain damage in babies, and exclusively breastfed newborns are at higher risk of starvation. In short, it’s worth doing something about whether or not conditions like autism and ADHD are a direct result.
Fortunately, the practices aren't hard to implement. Fed is Best promotes tangible and relatively straightforward ways to reduce this risk in breastfed newborns (though they make clear that in-person physician consultation is a must). These include frequent weighing of baby to ensure that no more than 7% of body weight is lost to prevent complications like jaundice and hypoglycemia, as well as hand expression of breast milk before every feeding session to ensure presence of milk.
New parents are told that keeping track of the number of wet and soiled diapers is a good measure of milk intake. This is wrong, warns del Castillo-Hegyi, explaining that a study in the Journal of Human Lactation on newborn wet and diaper counts showed that even babies who developed abnormal weight loss of greater than 10% were still able to produce wet and soiled diapers. “Weighing the baby and the amount of milk transferred to the baby is the only objective measure of adequate feeding,” she says.
One recommendation from Fed is Best is sure to sound the alarm bells of new moms and breastfeeding advocates alike. If mom isn’t producing sufficient milk, they recommend supplementing half an ounce of formula or safe, pasteurized donor breastmilk (usually only available to premature infants and others with medical need) after each breastfeeding session. Breastfeeding advocates tell mothers that feeding a bottle to or supplementing a newborn will hinder long-term breastfeeding success, but Fed is Best disagrees.
“The bottom line is that while unlimited supplementation and abandonment of breastfeeding will cause breastfeeding to cease, limited supplementation of an underfed newborn after nursing provides a child his nutritional needs and improves his neurologically-intact survival while preserving the breastfeeding relationship a mother may desire,” del Castillo-Hegyi explains. She points to a study published in Pediatrics, which shows that limited supplementation of underfed breastfed babies may be a good temporary method to help reduce early weight loss, and has the potential to actually increase long-term breastfeeding success.
Fed is Best isn’t anti-breastfeeding though. They support choice and condemn shaming of moms, however they ultimately end up feeding their babies. “We seek to provide information on the safest, most brain-protective methods for breastfeeding, mixed-feeding, formula-feeding, pumped-milk-feeding and tube-feeding mothers and families to prevent complications to babies that have become too common in today’s ‘Breast is Best’ world,” their website states. Learn more at the Fed is Best Foundation Facebook page and website.
Kavin Senapathy is a science communicator and mom of two based in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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5ccd7152bd3c6fe9edfbf7618d8c0b1d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2016/11/03/experts-slam-new-york-times-hack-job-on-gmos/ | Experts Slam New York Times Hack Job On GMOs | Experts Slam New York Times Hack Job On GMOs
Experts are slamming the New York Times for its October 29th article on genetically engineered crops. Titled “Doubts About the Promised Bounty of Genetically Modified Crops,” Danny Hakim’s piece argues that agricultural genetic engineering is a failure because GE crops haven’t reduced pesticide use and haven’t increased yields. The article’s conclusions are based on erroneous reasoning and misrepresentation of data, and scientists, farmers, writers and social media users are speaking out.
Dr. Andrew Kniss, associate professor of weed biology and ecology, writes at the Weed Control Freaks blog that, “[o]f all the arguments against GMO crops, the ‘failure to yield’ talking point is among the oldest, and most exasperating to many of us who work in pest management.” His analysis on what he calls “The tiresome discussion of initial GMO expectations” dissects NYT’s misrepresentation of pesticide use data, pointing out that Hakim presented data in different units, with amounts not standardized per unit area.
Dr. Kevin Folta, professor and chairman of the Horticultural Sciences Department at University of Florida, examines some actual yield data at his blog. His analysis delves into details on yield, and makes a crucial point that the NYT article missed: “GE crops were not made to directly increase yields. They control other aspects of growth so that yields are maximized.” Folta gives examples presented at a panel he was on in Denver, Colorado, where he discussed the risks, benefits, gains and losses of genetically engineered crops.
Dr. Henry Miller, Robert Wesson fellow in scientific philosophy and public policy at Stanford University's Hoover Institution and Forbes columnist echoes others’ allegations about poorly represented data and the fact that no genetically engineered crop has been engineered directly for a yield-increasing trait. He also mentions that NYT has failed repeatedly at accurate and unbiased coverage of agricultural genetic engineering. In an emailed comment to NYT’s public editor, Miller writes:
“This is part of a long-standing pattern at the Times of vilification, misrepresentation and dismissal of genetic engineering applied to agriculture. It has included reporters (Keith Schneider, Hakim et al), columnists (Michael Pollan, Mark Bittman et al), and numerous op-ed writers (Colicchio, Spitznagel/Taleb, Jason Kelly, et al), and also wrong-headed editorials. Very rarely have articles in the Times about genetic engineering been fair and accurate -- only Amy Harmon and Andrew Revkin come to mind.”
Dr. Miller tells me via email that "[t]he senior management at the Times takes valid criticism seriously, especially when it contains terms like 'bias,' 'dishonesty', and 'inaccuracy.'” He expects there will be an avalanche of complaints to the Times public editor at public@nytimes.com.
Dr. Jayson Lusk, Regents Professor and Willard Sparks Endowed Chair in the Department of Agricultural Economics at Oklahoma State University, makes a comparison using what economists call revealed preference theory, a method that analyzes consumer choices. He explains that when Apple’s first edition of the iPhone came out, there were people who believed the benefits were over-promised and even unnecessary. Lusk points out that we already had iPods to listen to music, devices to send text messages, and flip phones to make calls. He writes:
“[R]ather than trying to studiously compare features of the new iPhone to all the previous devices, shouldn't we just look and see whether consumers actually bought it? Look at the millions of decisions of individual consumers who weighted the relative costs and benefits. It seems millions of consumers judged the new phone to be worth the extra money (indeed, some people stood outside in lines for days to get it). In short, we know the iPhone delivered on its promise because millions of customers bought the phone and have come back again and again to buy new versions.”
Dr. Channa Prakash, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Tuskegee University, recognized worldwide for his research on the genomics of crop plants and advocacy and outreach on agriculture and science issues, chimed in on his AgBioWorld Facebook page. Prakash cites a 2014 meta analysis in PLOS ONE, which evaluated 147 studies and focused on what the researchers call the “most important GM crops” including herbicide-tolerant (HT) soybean, maize, and cotton, and insect-resistant (IR) maize and cotton. “Still believe in the biased NYT story that biotech crops lead to no yield increase or pesticide decrease?,” Prakash asks. He points out that the PLOS ONE analysis showed overall increase in yield and reduction in pesticide use due to adoption of GM technology, with yield and profit gains higher in developing countries than in the developed world.
Nathanael Johnson, food writer at Grist, highlights that the NYT story implies that farmers are pawns in a GMO game. “Farmers aren’t backward dupes who are easily tricked into buying unnecessary technologies,” he writes. “These days, farmers are skeptical and tech-savvy. Many have multiple degrees.” Farmers made this clear on social media in the wake of Hakim’s article.
But perhaps the most basic criticism is one that exists on a higher plane than details about data on yields and pesticides. Dr. Steven Novella, clinical neurologist and assistant professor at Yale University School of Medicine, makes this important point at the NeuroLogica Blog:
"Genetic modification is a tool, and is not inherently tied in any way to the two currently most common applications, herbicide resistance and pest resistance. Anti-GMO propaganda, however, frequently conflates the technology with these specific applications, because these particular traits carry no direct benefit for the consumer, and are tied to scary chemicals."
As I wrote last month, a few days before Hakim’s story published:
“Genetic engineering is one of many plant breeding tools, resulting in targeted genetic changes or adding one or a few carefully chosen genes. Sometimes GE is the most desirable method because certain plants have long breeding cycles, some plants are sterile, or certain traits are otherwise difficult to achieve in other ways. Other times, it’s not the most desirable or efficient method. These are tools in an agricultural toolbox, and it makes sense to pick the best tool for a job.”
Yes, genetic engineering hasn’t lived up to its potential. And that’s largely because of a lobby that creates an unscientific, overly stringent regulatory atmosphere in which only huge corporations can bear the high regulatory cost, and that too mainly for large-volume commodity crops. That leaves other traits, like those which can alleviate devastating micronutrient deficiencies in populations in developing countries, crops resistant to diseases threatening to wipe them out, and those that can help allergy sufferers avoid reactions. We should be outraged by the unfulfilled promises of genetic engineering, brought to us by the regulatory atmosphere ushered in by the very GE opponents who want these technologies to fail.
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f0dacfdd58e84b2ca130f47edbb75bed | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/05/18/the-anti-vaccine-and-anti-gmo-movements-are-inextricably-linked-and-cause-preventable-suffering/ | The Anti-Vaccine And Anti-GMO Movements Are Inextricably Linked And Cause Preventable Suffering | The Anti-Vaccine And Anti-GMO Movements Are Inextricably Linked And Cause Preventable Suffering
Anti-GMO and Greenpeace activists get ready to uproot genetically modified mais plants, on May 2,... [+] 2014 (PASCAL PAVANI/AFP/Getty Images)
The thoroughly answered question of whether vaccines cause autism isn’t really a question outside of conspiracy-theorist circles. The body of evidence shows that vaccination has eradicated smallpox and vastly reduced suffering and death from other diseases, and that vaccines don’t cause autism, cancer, dementia, or long term health problems, and that any minute risk is vastly outweighed by benefits to individuals and society.
Yet with the backing of prominent leaders like Robert DeNiro and Robert Kennedy Jr., anti-vaccine groups fuel common narratives that keep herd immunity down, directly leading to suffering and death. Now with Donald Trump embracing vaccine skeptics, the anti-vaccine movement has earned a hallowed place on the shelf next to other tinfoil hat clad schools of thought. The question of the safety of genetically engineered crops (GMOs) has been answered just as thoroughly, and the anti-GMO movement deserves its own place on the same shelf, not just for being wrong but for its role in unconscionable suffering.
The most notorious figure in anti-vaccine movement history, Andrew Wakefield—the former gastroenterologist and researcher known for a fraudulent 1998 paper linking the Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine with autism—has been thoroughly discredited time and again. Yet the effect of his antics is stubborn, with report after report of doctors and scientists combating outbreaks of preventable disease, suffering, and death in the wake of attack after attack on public confidence in vaccines. That this widespread injustice has endured and thrived is nothing short of tragic.
The dark underbelly of the anti-vaccine movement shows what these viewpoints are all about. They are not about evidence or any real threat to human health, but about instilling and agitating distrust in expertise and in the world’s leading scientific bodies. Take Robert Kennedy Jr.’s offer of $100,000 to anyone who can prove that administering vaccines to pregnant women and children is safe. It was a moot exercise, but experts, including pediatrician and medicine and health columnist Dr. Daniel Summers, played along, presenting abundant evidence for vaccine safety. Kennedy, of course, didn't pay up. Summers asked in the Washington Post, “At what point does a body of evidence become massive enough to count as proof? When has a question been answered enough times that it can be put to rest?”
When it comes to the anti-vaccine and anti-GMO movements, the answer is never. There is absolutely no amount of evidence that will convince them to drop the ideology and distrust in expertise and in the vast weight of evidence. These movements are based in conspiracy theories, plain and simple. A hallmark of conspiracy theories is that they are unfalsifiable—a matter of faith rather than reason—and therefore any opposing information becomes part of the conspiracy theory. “The best predictor of believing in one conspiracy theory is believing in another,” said Jan-Willem van Prooijen, a social and organizational psychologist at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, in an interview with Vox last month. “Once they firmly start to believe in one specific conspiracy theory, it opens the door to many others.” The doors to the anti-vaccine and anti-GMO movements are propped wide open, with membership and belief systems mingling and streaming unencumbered between them.
Both genetic engineering and vaccines have the support of all major scientific bodies around the world, so why is the anti-GMO movement so ubiquitous in food labels, marketing, and social media news feeds when anti-vaccine sentiment is relegated to the fringes? Journalist Keith Kloor asked in 2014, “Is it that one form of denial is more socially acceptable than the other?” Nearly three years later it's abundantly clear that the answer is yes, with the growth of the global non-GMO market showing no signs of slowing. And the groups and leaders behind the proliferation of anti-GMO sentiment also embrace and promote the anti-vaccine movement.
Take the Organic Consumers Association, an anti-GMO lobby group largely funded by the “natural food” and organic industries. With objectives that include increasing organic market share and achieving a “global moratorium on genetically engineered foods and crops," it founded a campaign “to fight back against Monsanto and the other Biotech Bullies.” The group is an active and visible leader in the anti-GMO movement, but it’s also staunchly anti-vaccine. One of the main partners in “Health Liberty,” an anti-vaccine, anti-GMO, anti-fluoridated water coalition composed of prominent members of alternative health (read: non evidence-based) movements, critics have implicated OCA in the measles outbreak in a Somali-American community in Minnesota after parents were afraid to vaccinate them.
Other prominent anti-GMO organizations also come with anti-vaccine agendas. March Against Monsanto (MAM), a movement forged in opposition to Monsanto company, quickly began to espouse the kitchen sink of conspiracy theories, including that authorities have suppressed the “truth about cancer,” that the recent Chipotle diarrhea-gate was a result of corporate sabotage rather than poor food handling practices, and even that condensed water vapor trails behind airplanes are “chemtrail” mind and climate control agents. Opposition to vaccines became a key part of MAM’s agenda in 2017.
Critics of the anti-vaccine and anti-GMO movements, which overlap more and more over time, point out that they share several fundamental tactics and viewpoints. Both cite cherry-picked, discredited, and retracted scientific studies, such as the 1998 Andrew Wakefield study linking the MMR vaccine with autism, and the 2012 Gilles-Éric Séralini rat study linking genetically engineered crops with cancer, while ignoring the vast bodies of evidence against them. Both movements claim special “you’ll only hear it from us” knowledge and spread messaging via social media memes. Both use imagery of syringes, stuck willy-nilly into crying children or tomatoes, to plant fear and aversion. Both are quick to label detractors as shills, either for “Big Pharma” or “Big Ag.”
And both lead to injustice. It’s indisputable in evidence-respecting circles that anti-vaccine leaders espouse messaging that scares parents, leading to preventable suffering and death from vaccine preventable disease. While suffering and damage from the anti-GMO movement is less obvious—especially to those in the developed world who don’t experience hunger, malnutrition, or arduous manual labor—it’s perhaps no less atrocious. It may seem that surely the anti-GMO movement is benign albeit wrong, innocuous compared to anti-vaccine atrocities. It may appear that it all boils down to some harmless non-GMO labels on grocery items. But it turns out there is a human cost.
The same movement that drives marketers to source non-GMO ingredients also influences regulatory bodies around the world. Crops are kept from regions in Africa where drought is a major contributor to the complex causes of malnutrition, with researchers in Tanzania forced to burn test fields of drought-tolerant corn rather than feed starving local children. Disease-resistant crops languish due to ideological regulations, with bananas resistant to xanthomonas wilt—which is threatening food security in Uganda and eastern Africa where it’s a staple crop—kept from farmers and people who need them. Fortified crops with the potential to fight micronutrient deficiency are kept from populations suffering blindness, impaired immunity, and death for lack of a bit of vitamin A.
For traits that hit closer to home, consider that a safe, gluten free GMO wheat exists and could be a huge boon to those with celiac disease, but hasn’t reached the market in part due to the anti-GMO movement. Or that an orange resistant to citrus greening, one of the most devastating citrus diseases in the world ravaging groves in Florida, exists but has been held back due in part to worry over consumer rejection. Or that anti-GMO sentiment has hindered the development of a hypoallergenic peanut which could be a life-changing boon for those with nut allergies.
So to answer Kloor’s question, “Is it that one form of denial is more socially acceptable than the other?” Yes, and it’s high time that we treat both forms of denial with equal disdain.
Kavin Senapathy is a communicator and mom of two based in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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15df4809462be8a9cc72575b6ca86f33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/06/26/if-you-cant-pronounce-it-dont-eat-it-and-other-food-mantras-that-dont-hold-water/ | 'If You Can't Pronounce It, Don't Eat It' And Other Food Mantras That Don't Hold Water | 'If You Can't Pronounce It, Don't Eat It' And Other Food Mantras That Don't Hold Water
(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)
In the quest to stay healthy, youthful, energetic and beautiful, it makes sense to focus on food. That we should strive to eat nutrient dense foods with low levels of sodium, sugar and unhealthy fats is not controversial. Poor dietary choices over time can have real impacts on our health, and choosing more veggies, fruits and whole grains is important. It’s also no doubt that people struggle with health problems, and that cancer, heart disease, obesity and diabetes touch the lives of nearly all families. The causes of these afflictions are almost always complex and the solutions equally multifaceted. When it comes to diet and health, simple mantras can soothe our aversion to uncertainty, but they're no easy solution to our woes. Here are just a few that don’t stand up to the most basic scrutiny.
If you can’t pronounce it, learn to ... or at least don't worry
“Don't buy products with more than five ingredients or any ingredients you can't easily pronounce,” said Michael Pollan in a 2008 interview promoting his book "In Defense of Food: An Eater's Manifesto." The adage stuck, with food writers and marketers jumping on the bandwagon. As blogger Vani “the Food Babe” Hari wrote, “If you can’t pronounce it that probably means the material has been part of the human diet for a minute period of time in terms of the human evolutionary or developmental process. Using many of these substances is a grand experiment that many people would prefer not subjecting themselves or their children to.”
I wouldn’t subject my children to the methylxanthine alkaloid 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione, which is an insecticide, herbicide and psychoactive drug, but my husband and I subject ourselves to it on a daily basis, sometimes twice a day. The word “caffeine” is easier to pronounce, and it’s harmless in the standard doses we consume in beverages such as coffee and tea.
“Eating food free of chemicals is quite literally impossible, and many common elements that are vital to good health and continued living have some of the hardest-to-pronounce names,” wrote Mike Rothschild in Attn. He makes a good point. “Tongue-twisters like menatetrenone, ergocalciferol, and cyanocobalamin are all the chemical names of vitamins. Multi-syllabic monsters like dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, docosatetraenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid all sound like killers but are really unsaturated fatty acids that are essential to good health. Boiling Pollan's advice down to the molecular level might seem mean-spirited, but it's also useful. Science and chemistry are rarely as cut and dried as ‘if you can't pronounce it, don't eat it.’”
Don’t count chemicals (it would take all day)
“Count chemicals, not calories.” The meme took hold after self-styled “former chubby girl” and weight loss coach Andréa Albright, who claims to have coined the phrase after going from a size 12 to a size 2, launched her fitness career in 2005. It’s become a staple phrase in the natural health world, and marketers, restaurateurs, and well-meaning Facebook friends have taken heed. Food companies like ConAgra, General Mills and Hershey’s have reformulated products to chase the trend.
While it’s a good idea to eat nutrient-dense foods with a good balance of proteins, carbohydrates and fats and low levels of sodium and sugar, the number of chemicals in a food item in and of itself has no bearing on its healthfulness. Chocolate syrup with just five ingredients is still chocolate syrup and still packs high amounts of added sugar. As artist and chemistry teacher James Kennedy points out in his popular “All-natural Banana and Other Fruits” series of infographics, even nutritious, whole, all natural fruits and veggies are composed of long lists of sometimes hard-to-pronounce chemicals. No matter how many ingredients or chemicals in a food, any credentialed dietitian would agree that managing total caloric intake is important.
Let medicine be thy medicine
The famous quote often attributed to Hippocrates, “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food” still has a hold over two thousand years later. Who doesn’t have an aunt who pops turmeric to cure or prevent ailments or a yogini acquaintance gushing on social media about the latest superfood? Though diet-based interventions were integral in Hippocrates’ time, the adage, which is nowhere to be found in texts of the Hippocratic Corpus, is thought to be a misquote.
As surgical oncologist and prominent critic of alternative medicine Dr. David Gorski wrote for Science-Based Medicine:
“Now, it is certainly true that Hippocrates and his followers used diet to treat many illnesses, it’s not really clear what sort of success they had. However, this ancient idea that virtually all disease could be treated with diet, however much or little it was embraced by Hippocrates, has become an idée fixe in alternative medicine, so much so that it leads its proponents twist new science (like epigenetics) to try to fit it into a framework where diet rules all, often coupled with the idea that doctors don’t understand or care about nutrition and it’s big pharma that’s preventing the acceptance of dietary interventions.”
And “let food be thy medicine” isn’t just a harmless saying. Perhaps the most alarming manifestation is the Gerson Protocol, which involves consuming the juice of over twenty pounds of fruits and veggies, downing castor oil, and taking several coffee enemas per day to treat cancer. Bottom line—it hasn't been shown to work, and cancer patients who reject real medicine in favor of such food based therapies have died as a result.
Grandma has nothing on food science
Another Pollanism, “Don’t eat anything your great-grandmother wouldn’t recognize as food,” one of his Twelve Commandments for Serious Eaters, is a staple on Pinterest boards and in health magazines. But it’s also a testament to how reducing something as complex as nutrition into memes isn’t helpful. The ridiculousness of the phrase starts with the obvious—most of our great-grandmothers wouldn’t recognize the once-exotic dishes that have become the norm in the modern foodie world.
Those who appreciate advances in modern agriculture and food science surely balk at romanticizing the way our ancestors ate. Consider, as just one example, that goiter due to iodine deficiency was prevalent in the United States only a hundred years ago. It’s now practically unheard of after the Morton Salt Company began distributing iodized salt nationwide in 1924.
Our food supply today is more abundant, varied and safe than it’s ever been. Shelf lives have been extended, microwaves can take a package of veggies from frozen to steamed in minutes, and an ingenious feat of biotechnology has given us apples that don’t undergo enzymatic browning, keeping them appetizing hours after slicing and reducing food waste. Sure, great-grandma might not recognize cheese puffs or Pop Rocks as food, but steamed veggies would probably be at home on her table. I imagine that my great grandparents would marvel at technology that reduces waste.
Kavin Senapathy is a communicator and mom of two based in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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351ff1dbfdc7cec8530a357f26a2fa05 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/06/28/everyone-calm-down-about-chemicals-in-tampons/?sh=6f2bd7075f00 | Everyone Calm Down About Chemicals In Tampons | Everyone Calm Down About Chemicals In Tampons
(LOIC VENANCE/AFP/Getty Images)
According to certain menstrual product companies, people with periods have a serious tampon problem. In her series of “vajingles” for Seventh Generation’s line of tampons, pads and pantiliners, comedian Maya Rudolph croons, “Hey, Mr. Chemical. Stay away from my vajayjay.” The new Lola brand, which aims to disrupt the industry with its monthly auto-delivery service of customized assortments of 100% organic cotton menstrual products, assures customers that its pads and tampons pack “no toxins, dyes, or synthetic stuff.” Sustain Natural prides itself on products with “no harmful chemicals” because they “believe you should only put good stuff inside yourself.” And Jessica Alba’s Honest Company, known for its line of infant and baby care products, launched its organic cotton menstrual line in 2015. Boasting materials free of pesticide residues and chlorine processing, the Honest Company declares that the purity of its products is “a big deal (in a small package).”
It all suggests that irresponsible tampon manufacturers are filling customers with chemicals and toxins via delicate genital tissues. At least that’s what proponents of the Menstrual Products Right to Know Act, a bill introduced by Rep. Grace Meng (D-N.Y.) calling for tampon, pad and vaginal douche packaging to include a list of ingredients on the label, would have us believe. Seventh Generation, a champion of the bill, says on its website that consumers need to worry about “what the heck is in the products you use around the vagina.”
What the heck is in tampons and pads that has everyone so alarmed? According to Seventh Generation, chlorine is a big one. As Rudolph quips about chlorine processing in her vajingle, “Why would I need any unnecessary chemicals in my tampon? I wouldn’t.”
But are chemicals used in tampon production really unnecessary? “Bleaching is the technical term for fiber purification,” explains Tampax on its website. “Purification of cotton and rayon is done to eliminate the impurities and clean the fibers. Whitening the fibers is a result of this process, but not its goal.”
Tampon manufacturers formerly used chlorine gas to bleach the rayon used in tampons, but the method was abandoned in the nineties to reduce formation of dioxin compounds, which are persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in the environment. All brands now use either elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching without chlorine gas, or totally chlorine-free (TCF) bleaching agents. Even though ECF methods prevent formation of dioxins, the compounds are present throughout much of the environment, so there can still be trace amounts in tampons (our exposures to dioxins in food and environment are much higher).
Detected levels in tampons and pads are practically negligible—way below the tolerable monthly intake set by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), an international committee administered jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and WHO. While JECFA evaluates the safety of food additives, not menstrual products, there is no evidence that TCF is any safer than ECF bleaching. Despite Rudolph's suggestion that her tampons are chemical-free, Seventh Generation does use chemicals in its TCF process—bleaching agent hydrogen peroxide. Remember, everything that keeps us alive and thriving, from the food we eat to the air we breathe, is made of chemicals.
Pesticide residues are another chemical concern that Seventh Generation, Lola and Honest frequently cite. Seventh Generation sources organic cotton from countries including Turkey and India, explaining, “We use organic cotton in our tampons because they are not grown with the use of conventional pesticides.” The company prides itself on sustainability and empowering the poor, both of which are noble endeavors. But organic cotton farming tends to be physically harder on farm laborers and less resource-efficient than conventional cotton farming, as I wrote about here and here. Despite the common misconception that organic means no pesticides, organic cotton is grown with pesticides approved for use in organic farming.
“There’s no medical data that would support the use of organic tampons or pads,” said Dr. Taraneh Shirazian, an Ob-Gyn at NYU Langone Medical Center, in an interview for New York Daily News in 2015. “We don’t think (regular) pads and tampons are putting women at an increased risk for vaginal infection, irritation or anything like that.”
Statements about toxic chemicals from companies like Seventh Generation and Honest are marketing tactics disguised as activism and consumer advocacy. Any company asserting that competitors’ wares are full of vaguely bad chemicals—whether food, cleaning products or personal care items—should raise the hackles of any discerning consumer. Tampax, which uses conventionally grown cotton in its products, says on its website that 100% organic tampons can lead to a false sense of safety about a real tampon-related problem—Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS): “[I]t may cause girls and women to think that they are protected from TSS by using all-cotton tampons. This may result in someone ignoring the symptoms of TSS and not seeking immediate treatment, which could affect the severity of the illness.”
As Ob-Gyn and blogger Dr. Jen Gunter wrote after Gwyneth Paltrow’s Goop lifestyle website featured an interview with naturopathic “doctor” Maggie Ney about toxic tampons: “If women want to use ‘natural’ tampons that is obviously their choice and many women do so for a variety of reasons, but alarming women because of ‘chemicals’ is wrong medically and ethically.”
Far more important than chemicals in our tampons is that stigma around menstruation and the lack of access to sanitary, leakproof products constitute a global health problem, preventing women and girls worldwide from attending school and work. Many of the companies creating a ruckus around chemicals also help those who lack access to period care products, and that’s a good thing. Sustain Natural, for example, donates a chunk of its proceeds to Girls Helping Girls Period, which provides those in need in the USA with tampons and pads. Lola has donated over 100,000 menstrual products to shelters across 27 states since their 2015 launch. These companies' resources would be better spent expanding these initiatives rather than posturing about pesticide residues and chemicals.
As for the “right to know” what’s in your menstrual products, every single manufacturer discloses ingredients on their websites—OB, for example, says its tampons “are made of two types of rayon and a polyester string. The cover for o.b.® ORIGINAL™ is made of polyester/polyethylene non-woven material and that of o.b.® PRO COMFORT® is made of polyethylene/polypropylene film.”
Want to stay safe and healthy during your menstrual period? Follow standard advice from gynecologists. Avoid scented products, which can cause irritation, itching, discharge and other unpleasant symptoms according to Mayo Clinic, and should be avoided to help prevent yeast infections according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Don’t use douches. Use the lowest absorbency tampon for your flow, change tampons every 4-8 hours, and consider alternating with pads. And don’t use sea sponges, colorful homemade yarn tampons, ground up wasp nests or anything else from Etsy in your vagina.
Kavin Senapathy is a communicator and mom of two based in Madison, Wisconsin. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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1d74500f27b8a2ae7f20d6e26bc1106f | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/09/15/biohacker-summit-disinvites-alternative-health-guru-david-avocado-wolfe-following-online-backlash/ | Biohacker Summit Disinvites Alternative Health Guru David 'Avocado' Wolfe Following Online Backlash | Biohacker Summit Disinvites Alternative Health Guru David 'Avocado' Wolfe Following Online Backlash
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Proponents of biohacking—a broad and sometimes disputed term for do-it-yourself biology—haven’t always been known for scientifically rigorous beliefs. Claiming to harness real scientific phenomena to hand the biological reins to the people, biohackers often end up using unsubstantiated over-interpretations of science. One recent fad, “Bulletproof” coffee with grass-fed butter and “Brain Octane” oil, touted as a high performance breakfast alternative that eliminates hunger pangs and increases focus, has been widely panned as “hot buttered hype.” But biohackers also boast several recent notable, and perhaps disconcerting, achievements, from taking genome editing out of the hands of industry and academia to making significant strides into encoding malware into DNA. This week, the biohacking community fell solidly on the side of evidence against hype. Following an online backlash for hosting alternative health guru David “Avocado” Wolfe as a speaker at the annual Biohacker Summit in October, held this year in Finland, organisers announced that Wolfe has been removed from the conference lineup.
I often criticize Wolfe, who has over 11 million Facebook followers and is best known as the spokesperson for NutriBullet:
Wolfe’s website and social media pages are a veritable misinformation trove, promoting myths ranging from the idea that genetic engineering is inherently dangerous, to chocolate “lining up planetarily with the sun.” Perhaps Wolfe's most eyebrow raising claim is his proprietary “longevity zapper” electrical “square wave healing device,” which purportedly fights infections and cancer cells alike while leaving "negatively-charged healthy cells intact" for a low low price of $297. A purveyor of myths and miracle products, David “Avocado” Wolfe fuels the decline of critical thinking, convinces people they can prevent or cure real ailments with ineffective supplements, and demonizes life-saving vaccines and cancer treatments, all by growing his massive social media following with clever internet memes.
Finnish blogger Pauli Ohukainen took issue with the summit giving Wolfe a platform, writing that “by endorsing a guy like this, the biohacker community is essentially declaring that they’re willing to pay for any nonsense and signalling to the public that they’re no longer interested in science and evidence.”
Ohukainen’s post, which was viewed by thousands more than his usual blog traffic, helped spur action. The steady criticism of Wolfe’s brand over the past few years has activated vocal science enthusiasts , who quickly took the Biohacker Summit organisers to task for hosting the self-styled “Rock Star and Indiana Jones of the superfood universe.”
“You couldn't do a better job of destroying your credibility if you tried,” wrote one critic.
“Why would you invite this man to anything?” asked another, citing a recent in-depth exposé of Wolfe in The Outline.
Following the wave of online criticism, the group disinvited Wolfe, releasing a statement:
The organiser committee of the Biohacker Summit 2017 has revisited David ‘Avocado’ Wolfe’s involvement as a speaker. The Biohacker Summit 2017 conference held on 13-14 October in Helsinki, Finland stands for critical thinking, research and data-driven improvement of human performance. To support this agenda we give stage for both scientists and pioneering practitioners and individuals conducting their own research. New information has surfaced in our investigation about David Wolfe’s background and has changed our stance regarding his suitability for inclusion as a speaker in this conference. In this process we have taken into account the feedback we have received from our valued biohacker community. As a result we have decided to remove David Wolfe from the list of speakers.
Ever the critical thinker, Ohukainen is modest. “[A]s much as I would love to take credit for playing a role in keeping Mr. Wolfe out of Finland, correlation doesn’t equal causation and a more likely explanation is that the organizers of the Biohacker Summit were already aware of the problem associated with him,” he wrote. “I’d like to think they were already considering replacing him and perhaps my blogpost was icing on the cake. Or maybe it didn’t even have any effect. In any case, it certainly brought this issue to a wider public.”
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29f40861a9184f8ea9fa83044de4bc03 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/10/19/who-breastfeeding-guidelines-fail-to-meet-human-rights-standards/ | Fed Is Best Foundation Says WHO Breastfeeding Guidelines Fail To Meet Human Rights Standards | Fed Is Best Foundation Says WHO Breastfeeding Guidelines Fail To Meet Human Rights Standards
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The public comment period for revised breastfeeding guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) closes next week. One key recommendation left unchanged since 1989—“give infants no food or drink other than breast-milk, unless medically indicated”—is one of the WHO Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding, which guides the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI). A global program of the WHO, based on widely misinterpreted data suggesting that “breast is best,” there are currently 461 Baby-Friendly certified hospitals and birthing centers in the U.S., with thousands more worldwide. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, a baby who still seems hungry after most feedings may not be getting enough milk and should be evaluated immediately.
Senior members of the Fed Is Best Foundation (FIBF), a non-profit organization of health professionals and moms who educate on the safest, most brain-protective methods for breastfeeding, mixed-feeding, and formula-feeding, say these guidelines put newborns at risk of starvation. Complications include dehydration, hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice) and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)—all of which are established causes of infant brain injury and permanent disability.
On September 22nd, FIBF leaders and guests, including a neonatologist who wished to remain anonymous, and pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Paul Thornton, M.D., lead author of the Pediatric Endocrine Society’s newborn hypoglycemia guidelines, met via teleconference with top officials of the WHO Breastfeeding Program. During the conference, FIBF experts expressed concerns about complications from the BFHI, and to discuss whether WHO has plans for monitoring, research, or public outreach regarding the risks of accidental starvation.
FIBF co-founder Dr. Christie del Castillo-Hegyi, M.D., an emergency physician who researches newborn brain injury and breastfeeding, presented data on the high incidence of complications from BFHI practices and severe neurological consequences. “Publicly acknowledging the common problem of insufficient breast milk and the importance of supplementation to protect the brain can prevent millions of complications, hospitalizations and newborn injuries,” she implored on the call. “Being fully fed is a basic human right that is not currently met by the standard of care.”
When asked whether WHO plans to inform mothers of the risks of brain injury from insufficient breast milk, and that temporary supplementation can prevent complications, Dr. Rollins responded that this recommendation was not identified as a “top priority.” Del Castillo-Hegyi was appalled. "I cannot describe it to you in words," she says. "Millions of babies and families in the developed and developing world have been harmed by the BFHI."
As I’ve discussed several times, including here, here and here, the world’s leading medical institutions and media hype the breast is best adage, overinterpreting studies that say no such thing. It’s a disservice to mothers and infants. Lactation consultants and leading breastfeeding advocacy organizations say that newborns who nurse frequently will get enough milk, and that a newborn doesn’t need much milk in the first days of life. In reality, up to 15 percent of moms don't produce enough milk due to complex factors including genetics. Insufficient supply in the first days after birth is more common in first-time mothers. Research shows that early limited supplementation can be a coping strategy for parents dealing with weight loss in newborns, and it may even reduce long-term formula use.
WHO officials on the call acknowledged awareness of starvation-related complications, adding that the guidelines include danger signs for health providers, including “convulsions, being lethargic and not being able to feed.” But according to evidence del Castillo-Hegyi presented on the call, these warning signs may indicate that brain injury is already present.
"It appears that [FIBF] believes there are large numbers of infants being harmed by Baby-Friendly practices and breastfeeding," says Trish MacEnroe, executive director of Baby-Friendly USA. "Where is the evidence?" In a post published today, the FIBF senior advisory board shares extensive data presented during the teleconference, including that 10% of vaginally-delivered and 25% of cesarean-delivered exclusively breastfed babies born at BFHI hospitals lose excessive weight (more than 10%) in the first days of life.
FIBF co-founder Jody Segrave-Daly, newborn ICU nurse and IBCLC (lactation consultant) with over 30 years of experience caring for newborns and managing starvation-related complications from exclusive breastfeeding, is fed up. “You cannot implement any other policy in medicine without extensive safety data,” she says. “[T]he expectation is that you collect data to analyze within your institution to confirm positive outcomes and no increased morbidity and mortality. Neither exists for BFHI, which implies it is flawed and does not meet the national nor local standards.”
The WHO is accepting comments on its guideline revisions until October 24, 2017, which can be submitted via the BFHI comments page.
*This story was updated on 10/21 to reflect that an anonymous neonatologist was on the teleconference between FIBF and WHO officials. An earlier version suggested that Dr. Thornton is also a neonatologist.
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5b498686b8f716d904e46ef81dd53f5a | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/10/31/the-clean-label-project-is-using-bad-science-to-scare-us-about-our-childrens-food/ | The Clean Label Project Is Using Bad Science To Scare Us About Our Children's Food | The Clean Label Project Is Using Bad Science To Scare Us About Our Children's Food
AP Photo/Nick Ut
FUD, which stands for fear, uncertainty and doubt, is a disinformation strategy dating back to the early 20th century. It was perhaps most famously employed by Microsoft, which integrated it as a corporate practice to grow market share. As Tom Laskawy described it in Grist:
The concept may go back as far as the 1920s, but it was Microsoft (inspired by IBM) that institutionalized it as a corporate practice. FUD was (and to some extent is) a strategy designed to maintain Microsoft’s hold over its customers. “Sure,” Microsoft sales reps would say, “You could switch to [Apple/Linux/Lotus Notes] but here’s what will happen…” They would then shower wavering customers with horror stories about the competitor’s reliability, compatibility, even viability as a company. It was, as we know, very effective.
In this decade, FUD is no more ubiquitous than in the world of food and, more recently, “clean” trends in eating, personal care products and more, despite the concept’s nebulous definition and pointless and often harmful execution. Though scientists and critics have thoroughly lambasted the clean craze, pointing out that it’s founded on bad science and can trigger eating disorders in those predisposed, the movement shows few signs of stopping.
Enter the Clean Label Project, which made a splash after releasing a study on Wednesday alleging that many of the best-selling baby food and infant formula products on the market (determined by Nielsen data) contain arsenic, lead, acrylamide and other “contaminants.”
Sounds scary, if these contaminants in our precious babies’ tummies were a justified fear. They’re not. Fact-checking site Snopes published an analysis on Friday, explaining that the project hasn’t published data to substantiate its claims, and has not subjected its study to peer review:
As well, the Clean Label Project has not yet published information about the levels of contamination they purportedly found in various baby foods. It might be frightening to read that “nearly 80% of baby formula samples tested positive for arsenic,” but without knowing the levels of arsenic behind that statement, it is impossible to determine if those levels are indeed unsafe. Arsenic does have the potential to be toxic, but as the World Health Organization explains, it is “a natural component of the earth’s crust and is widely distributed throughout the environment in the air, water and land.” Lead is also a naturally occurring metal.
Despite omitting critical details like the levels of arsenic and other substances it says are in baby food products, the Clean Label Project wields its vague information in classic FUD form.
(I covered some FUD marketing tactics with co-author, neuroscientist Dr. Alison Bernstein, last year.)
Consider acrylamide, which the Clean Label Project says is present in 10% of the top infant food products. “Acrylamide is an extremely toxic chemical used in manufacturing,” the project’s website states. “It is used in the treatment of water, and it can sometimes wind up in soil through that route. It is also found in tobacco, and made naturally when certain plants (like potatoes) are cooked. Acrylamide has been linked to brain damage in both cats and dogs, as cancer in laboratory animals.”
The Clean Label Project conveniently leaves out that acrylamide forms when asparagine, a naturally-occurring amino acid, synthesized by both plants and the human body, and critical in the building of important proteins, is heated to temperatures above 248 degrees Fahrenheit. As the project mentions, asparagine is found in higher levels in starchy foods like potatoes, and when heated in the presence of certain sugars, forms acrylamide during boiling, frying, baking or broiling. There is no evidence that consuming such foods at normal levels will cause cancer in humans—studies showing carcinogenic effects were done on rodents ingesting high doses in drinking water, hardly the same mode of ingestion or dose found in food.
Consider that the Clean Label Project doesn’t indicate how much arsenic, which is also naturally-occurring, along with acrylamide, lead, and other substances are in these baby food products, and we have a full-blown case of FUD preying on parents’ love and concern for our kids. In its wake, a slew of frightening headlines, and another organization gaining traction in an already fear-laden food market.
Kavin Senapathy is mom of two and communicator covering food, health, medicine, parenting, politics, science, and the intersections of these topics. Follow her on Facebook and Twitter.
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2cad2eeb7d91585fafb9107ed25ddbd7 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/11/30/the-5-most-laughable-non-gmo-project-verified-products/ | The 5 Most Laughable Non-GMO Project Verified Products | The 5 Most Laughable Non-GMO Project Verified Products
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As a writer covering food, health, medicine, science, politics, parenting and the intersection of these topics, I find myself repeatedly criticizing one organization more than others: The Non-GMO Project. “GMO,” which stands for Genetically Modified Organism, has become a metaphor or scapegoat for broad socio-economic anxieties. This is despite the fact that GMO is practically impossible to define, and that nearly every plant and animal humans consume have had their genes (which contain the DNA molecules that code for each organism’s structures and functions) altered well beyond nature's capabilities. The only method considered “GMO” is transgenesis, whereby one or more useful DNA sequences is added from one species’ genome to another with modern molecular genetic engineering (GE) techniques. Most governments don’t regulate gene-edited crops (which aren’t transgenic but also engineered with modern molecular genetic engineering techniques) in the same way as transgenic crops, but the Non-GMO Project excludes them from certification.
Seemingly without fail, discussion around the topic raises concerns like corporate control of the food and political systems, the transformation of life forms into intellectual property, the impact of farming and agriculture on the environment, and real or perceived rises in the rates of certain diseases. These concerns are often justified, but have nothing to do with genetic engineering. Although their label tells shoppers absolutely nothing meaningful about a product or its ingredients, including healthfulness, environmental impact, working conditions for food workers and farmers, or whether or not a food product was derived from a patented crop variety, the Non-GMO Project is skilled at leveraging these consumer fears. With over $20 billion in certified products sold last year and growing quickly, the organization taps our anxieties with the iconic butterfly label plastered across thousands of food, personal care, and household items in markets across North America. Here are the 5 most laughable commercially available products that carry the seal.
Cat Litter
With over 160 pet care brands carrying the Non-GMO Project label, cat litter may be the silliest product verified by the third party certifier. “The Good Earth is an All Natural Litter, which means there are no chemicals, perfumes or fragrances which may offend your feline companion,” boasts the brand’s website. The non-GMO pet waste management products don’t end there. DooKashi, which bills itself “A Natural Solution for Pet Poo-Lution™,” offers Dookashi for Cats, a 100% Natural Odor Eliminator and Litter Box Additive. The company presumably shows its love for pets with its Non-GMO Project verification, because “pets aren’t science projects.” DooKashi is right about that—there is nothing experimental about genetically engineered products on the market.
The stuff with no G to M
It would stand to reason that any Non-GMO Project certified item would have genetic material or proteins that could have potentially been modified. Yet there are several food and personal care products that contain no genetic material but proudly carry the butterfly seal. Consider HimalaSalt, which bills itself “the purest salt on earth.” Salt, a mineral essential for life’s functions and a common method for food preservation, contains no genes. The HimalaSalt website boasts several untested benefits, including “improves mental clarity,” “stronger libido,” “sexual vitality,” and “anti-aging” properties. The site also boasts its products’ ability to replenish vital electrolytes, without mentioning that all table salts are electrolytes.
The really unhealthy items
Though the Non-GMO Project label exudes an aura of wholesomeness, plenty of empty-calorie foods (like gummy bears and chocolate chips) and even demonstrably harmful fare carry the butterfly seal. There is no better example than Non-GMO Project verified alcoholic beverages, like Hanson of Sonoma organic vodka. No matter the breeding technique used on the crop from which ingredients are sourced, too much sugar can cause weight gain, tooth decay, and displace the consumption of nutritious foods, while drinking alcohol often leads to cancer, liver damage, long term effects on the brain, and death.
“Medicines” not evaluated by the FDA
Homeopathy, a pseudoscience based in magical thinking, and homeopathic concoctions with infinitesimal amounts of so-called active ingredient, have come under fire repeatedly from the world’s leading medical organizations. It’s based in the unfounded notion that “like cures like” and that substances that cause sickness, diluted until there is practically none of that substance left, can cure ailments because dilution somehow makes these alleged medicines work. In short, homeopathy isn’t real medicine. Though some homeopathic formulations do contain active ingredients, these are the exceptions and not the rule. Homeopathic products remain untested and unregulated by the FDA. But that doesn’t prevent homeopathic products, masquerading as real medicine and displayed alongside real medicine on pharmacy shelves, from carrying an added seal of empty virtue. Genexa, which touts its “healthier take on medicine,” sells 11 homeopathic products with the Non-GMO Project butterfly. “Most medicines are full of unhealthy genetically modified ingredients that can be harmful to your body,” the company’s website warns, without an iota of truth. “At Genexa, we only use non-GMO ingredients in our formulas.” Three of these “medicines” are for children, and all of them make bold claims, including treatment of symptoms like fever, congestion, allergic reactions, pain, swelling, and sleeplessness.
Items with no commercially available GMO counterpart
There are only 10 commercially available GE crops produced and sold in the U.S.: field and sweet corn (not popcorn), soybeans, alfalfa, cotton, sugar beets, papaya, canola, squash, apples, and potatoes. And though derivatives of a few of these are present in a lot of packaged foods, a huge chunk of the project’s 43,623 verified products and counting have no “GMO” counterpart on store shelves. These include popcorn, quinoa, kale, chicken, tomatoes, grapes, rice, and latex condoms, among others. This practice is illegal in Canada where, as described in the Manitoba Co-operator, sellers can't claim that a single or multi-ingredient food product is not made with genetic engineering if no GE alternative exists.
The consequences
While this list may be amusing to food and science nerds (myself included), the pattern of nebulous and unfounded non-GMO claims isn't funny. Consumers pay more for perceived health and environmental benefits that don’t exist. Some crops, like citrus, could be wiped out by disease, but even though there are GE solutions that could mitigate the devastation, the Non-GMO Project is so trendy that orange juice and fruit marketers don’t mind jumping on the bandwagon. But perhaps more importantly, as I explained in a previous column, the non-GMO movement has a social justice problem and gives consumers a false sense of responsibility, morality, and righteousness. “We want simple solutions to seemingly simple problems. Inequality is real, we have a long way to go to fix the complex causes of injustice, and the solutions are far from simple. But it’s more soothing to believe that we’re doing our part to fight injustice if we just avoid all things bad and consume all things good. And with “GMO” symbolizing all things bad in our food system and the injustice that comes with it, it’s tempting to buy, literally and figuratively, into the non-GMO movement, pat ourselves on the back, and move on with the day.”
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240a10d87c02f1963d8be525b2130426 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2017/12/11/sxsw-festival-slammed-for-including-hiv-aids-denialist-in-wellness-expo/ | SXSW Festival Slammed For Including HIV/AIDS Denialist In 2018 Wellness Expo | SXSW Festival Slammed For Including HIV/AIDS Denialist In 2018 Wellness Expo
The South by Southwest conference, better known as SXSW, announced its 2018 Wellness Expo Advisory Board last week. One member of the board, Kelly Brogan, M.D., quickly drew ire online, with responses across social media pointing out that the self-styled “holistic psychiatrist” espouses harmful views, including denial that the HIV virus causes AIDS, denial that vaccines are safe and beneficial, and denial that pathogens cause infectious disease.
We're honored to announce our #SXSW Wellness Expo Advisory Board. Learn more about each member https://t.co/IrDDpbp2dG — SXSW (@sxsw) December 7, 2017
The term “wellness” has transformed from its most fundamental meaning—a state of well being or healthfulness—into a much more nebulous and, by extension, easily exploitable trend. Described as “the New Way to Look, Feel, and Act Rich” in New York Magazine's 2016 series on the subject (in which I'm quoted), critics say that the concept of wellness has become “divorced from science,” in part because of disdain for expertise. Brogan wrote in 2016 that "It’s time to decide what you believe. And make no mistake, it’s about belief, not about facts, not about science as the final objective."
Brogan's opposition to empirical truth hasn't been lost on critics. “She thinks insulin kills diabetics. This is not a joke. I can't wait to read the news stories you will generate by giving her a platform,” wrote one. Brogan has shared articles in since-deleted posts suggesting that insulin can kill diabetics, even though those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes can and do die without insulin—lack of access to the drug is a global health problem.
Others discussed Brogan’s penchant for evidence-scarce mental health commentary: “Brogan is an AIDS denier who crusades against tested & effective meds for depression and anxiety,” tweeted food and health writer Jenny Splitter.
Brogan has dialed back some of her most extreme assertions. In addition to the now unpublished Facebook post with the claim that insulin "can kill diabetics," the page on Brogan's website suggesting that HIV doesn't cause AIDS—and calling lifesaving medications used to treat the virus "toxic"—was unpublished some time ago. In the now archived post, Brogan asserts that the well-established fact that HIV causes AIDS is among "assumptions we have come to believe are truths."
Several articles and videos promoting unsupported claims remain on Brogan's various platforms. Some of these claims could cause real harm if readers and viewers take them to heart. Less than two weeks ago, for example, Brogan suggested in a Facebook post that vaccines have a negative impact on mental health. There is no credible evidence to support this. It's indisputable that mental illnesses are real health conditions—thought to affect around 17% of U.S. adults in a given year—caused by complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors. Vaccines are not among these factors.
Attendees use hand held phones to take photographs at the 2017 South By Southwest (SXSW) Interactive... [+] Festival at the Austin Convention Center in Austin, Texas, U.S., on Sunday, March 12, 2017. The SXSW Interactive Festival features a variety of tracks that allow attendees to explore what's next in the worlds of entertainment, culture, and technology. Photographer: David Paul Morris/Bloomberg
David Gorski, a surgical oncologist and prominent critic of alternative medicine, jumped in:
You do realize, don't you, that @kellybroganmd is an HIV/AIDS denialist, antivaxer who thinks the power of the mind can overcome deoression and whose mentor was a cancer quack who advocated coffee enemas. https://t.co/DKYdYKGQdX — David Gorski (@gorskon) December 10, 2017
Gorski linked to his recent Respectful Insolence blog post about Gwyneth Paltrow’s lifestyle site Goop, which he says is doubling down “on quackery” by featuring Brogan at its upcoming second annual summit in New York City. In the post, which thoroughly examines the psychiatrist’s most absurd claims, Gorski addresses Brogan’s E-book entitled “Vaccines and Brain Health”:
Seriously, I might have to do a post just about this E-book, except that it would probably have to be a multi-part post. The misinformation, pseudoscience, and outright lies are just that numerous and densely packed. To give you an idea, she even cites the “deathbed confession” of Louis Pasteur in which he supposedly “admitted” that the “microbe is nothing.” The claim that Pasteur’s last words were to admit that he was wrong is a myth long promulgated by Bill Maher and germ theory denialists. (Yes, such people exist.) Denying germ theory is a very common belief among HIV/AIDS denialists and antivaxers, and Brogan goes down that path as well[.]
It’s yet to be seen whether SXSW will respond to the backlash (**Update: SXSW has issued a statement received at 1 pm CST on December 11th, 2017. That statement is at the end of this column). That SXSW, which draws tens of thousands of attendees and celebrities across the political, music, Hollywood and tech worlds, is launching its wellness expo for the first time this year, is a telling symptom of our culture’s denial of evidence and facts in the health and food spheres.
SXSW, the festival to attend if you’re worth being photographed, now appears to embrace a movement that values feelings over facts and rejects crucial advancements in medicine. Perhaps the involvement of an AIDS denier in the pop culture phenomenon that is SXSW is a symptom of our pathological acceptance of alternative facts coming to a head. Perhaps the backlash against the festival's decision to include Brogan offers hope for a growing movement that values facts over beliefs.
In a statement received on December 11, SXSW says:
"While SXSW strongly disagrees with many of Kelly Brogan’s controversial opinions, we do believe that inclusion of a variety of viewpoints from a diverse group of people is important to creating a dialog for the community represented at the SXSW Wellness Expo. Kelly Brogan’s involvement is as a consultant on our Advisory Board for this trade show exhibition. She will not be speaking at SXSW, nor is she involved in programming conference sessions in any way.”
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012155decdefa807d30d0d1925675fd3 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kavinsenapathy/2018/01/25/stonyfield-calls-critics-trolls-with-fake-names-after-backlash-against-ad-featuring-young-girls/ | Stonyfield Calls Critics 'Trolls' With 'Fake Names' After Backlash Against Ad Featuring Young Girls | Stonyfield Calls Critics 'Trolls' With 'Fake Names' After Backlash Against Ad Featuring Young Girls
Mike Fuentes/Bloomberg News
New Hampshire based yogurt maker Stonyfield Organic released a video advertisement on Tuesday featuring elementary school-aged girls talking about the alleged dangers of “GMOs.” Hundreds of viewers swiftly lambasted the advert for perpetuating false ideas about agriculture and “using children to support fear-mongering.”
Several of the comments criticizing Stonyfield for using kids to spread unsubstantiated claims are no exaggeration. “That sounds monstrous,” one girl laments of GMOs in the ad. Another little girl continues, “they take a gene from a fish and they put it into the tomato.”
“Are you kidding me?!” a third girl exclaims. “Yeah, I think it’s better if we get informed of it before we, like, eat it,” replies a fourth girl, adding, “it’s important to know what’s in your food.”
Following a similar backlash to Hunt’s declaration that consumers “won’t find a single genetically modified tomato among our vines,” I explained:
“Genetically Modified Organism” is an arbitrary term. Virtually all the foods we eat, including those labeled natural, organic, or even heirloom, have had their genes modified using unnatural methods, including exposure of a plant to chemicals and radiation, as I’ve discussed several times, including here and here. Even though the term has little meaning, “GMO” has come to denote modern molecular genetic engineering methods used to achieve specific, targeted traits, from insect and disease resistant crops to apples that don’t turn brown. By this definition, there are no “GMO” tomatoes on grocery shelves, from Hunt’s or any of its competitors.
In addition, there are no tomatoes on the market with “fish genes.” A tomato with the winter flounder "antifreeze" gene—which helps the fish survive frigid waters—was developed in the 1990s with the aim of conferring frost tolerance, but the product was never commercialized.
Filmmaker Natalie Newell, who directed the Science Moms short documentary that follows five moms (including me) as they discuss some of the most fraught issues in parenting today, also took issue with the Stonyfield advert. “If you want to talk about GMOs, awesome,” she wrote in a blog post the next day. “Find experts (and there’s no shortage of folks who can talk on genetic modification and biotechnology) to define the term. But do not use children. Don’t use children to perpetuate these myths and further demonize biotechnology, all in the name of selling your yogurt pouches.”
Less than 6 hours after Newell published her post, Stonyfield posted a “response to the GMO discussion” addressed to the company’s “dear friends.” “You’ve probably seen that we stirred up quite a bit of conversation in the last few days around the topic of GMOs, with some suggesting that our community’s valid concerns about GMOs are “anti-science” and ill-informed,” the statement reads. It’s true that objections to genetic engineering aren’t “anti-science”—there are justified socio-economic anxieties underlying opposition to “GMOs,” including the transformation of lifeforms into intellectual property, environmental and health concerns, and the power dynamics that keep large corporations in control of our food system. But the concerns outlined in Stonyfield’s video are ill-informed.
“[I]’s hard to ‘weed’ out who is just a troll and who is genuine on social media, but we do acknowledge that some of the comments are from concerned people with reasonable and well-intended questions,” Stonyfield explained. “For those looking for more information on GMO’s, Stonyfield’s stance, and studies,” the company provided “some excellent links.” The first of the three links leads to the company’s own “Organic 101” page featuring a laundry list of claims that are about as credible as “they take a gene from a fish and they put it into the tomato.” The second link leads to the website for Just Label It, an organization that petitions for mandatory GMO labeling. Gary Hirshberg, co-founder, Chief Organic Optimist, and chairman of Stonyfield’s advisory board, is also the chairman of the Just Label It board of directors. The third and final “excellent link” takes readers to Only Organic, an organic industry coalition.
The growing backlash against non-GMO marketing gimmicks has been slow but steady. Over just the last two years or so, I’ve covered consumers’ criticism of Triscuit for “pandering to ignorance and fear,” backlash against tomato products company Hunt’s for its “no GMOs in sight” campaign, raised eyebrows at the most laughable Non-GMO Project verified products, and reprisals against Chipotle for remaining steadfast in its commitment to GMO-free fare, all while making headlines for foodborne illness outbreaks.
Newell finds the trend of consumers speaking up against anti-GMO marketing promising. “The comments section [on the Stonyfield video] is one of the most hopeful, heartwarming things I’ve seen on the internet recently,” she told me via email. “People really decided to stand up for science and reason.”
In response to a request for comment, Hirshberg provided a link to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, which in 2015 classified glyphosate, an herbicide often used on crops genetically engineered to tolerate it, as a “probably carcinogenic.” The agency’s stance has been thoroughly lambasted for substituting risk for hazard, most recently in an analysis at Slate. As I explained briefly in 2015:
The IARC classifies these items based on hazard, not risk, into the categories below: Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans Group 3: Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity Group 4: Probably not carcinogenic To clarify, if a substance is in Group 1, this doesn’t mean that exposure will cause cancer, but that we know beyond a doubt that it definitely can cause cancer. Solar radiation and alcoholic beverages are Group 1 carcinogens, but that doesn’t mean a day at the beach or happy hour come emblazoned with warning signs. We know that items in Group 1 are definitely capable of causing cancer, but won't definitely cause cancer in individuals exposed to them. Shift work that disrupts circadian rhythms is in Group 2A, but that doesn’t mean that on-call doctors and convenience store clerks all die early deaths. What it does mean is that items in the Group 2A category are probably capable of causing cancer at certain doses, but not that any individual's exposure to them will probably lead to a cancer diagnosis.
When asked why Stonyfield dubbed critics “trolls,” Hirshberg said, “we have access to a database of fake names that have been repeatedly used to attack companies and groups who advocate for GMO labeling. We have matched up many of the posted comments and found a positive correlation to this list. This is an old story and consumers need to know that many who pose as interested consumers are in fact not.” The methodologies used to compile this database of "fake names," and where the list is hosted, are unclear.
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c80a9dc3a68bb447874d2c9358b7fc48 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kayhymowitz/2011/06/29/is-cameron-diaz-good-for-women/ | Is Cameron Diaz Good For Women? | Is Cameron Diaz Good For Women?
Image by via @daylife
Unlike the universal “you go-girl!” cheering that greeted the movie Bridesmaids not so long ago, Bad Teacher has elicited some uneasy throat-clearing from women. Bridesmaids was great for the fair sex, we were told, because it was written by women, (although directed by a man), with a cast made up mostly of “strong” or at least “real” women, and most of all because its success demanded that Hollywood sit up and pay attention to a dissatisfied female audience.
Bad Teacher, starring Cameron Diaz, is also a female-driven hit; its first weekend’s box office was even larger than Bridesmaids. But its success presents a problem. The lead character is – I’m just going to come right out and say it -a gold digging slut. That can’t be good for women, can it?
It’s the wrong question. The whole discussion is based on a false idea about what makes people laugh. Comedy is about debunking pretension and exposing human weirdness. It allows viewers to put their polite, respectable, everyday selves on hold. That’s why so much humor is about sex, religion, marriage (“Take my wife! Please!”) physical flaws, and bodily functions normally saved for the bathroom. That’s also why, especially these days, comedy toys with race and ethnicity. Normally, people would never say or do the things the comedienne does. But that’s the point: comedy gives us a holiday from the person we have to be at work, with our neighbors, our fellow commuters, the cashier at the local deli, even our spouses and friends.
Though the movie drags through some dull and witless sections, Bad Teacher can be funny in this way. We know we’re supposed to love children, even though they are not always lovable. From W.C. Fields, to today’s bestselling parody Go the *** To Sleep, people have found humor in this tension. Diaz’s character is in that vein. When she has her students watch Stand and Deliver instead of taking the time to teach, when she comments on her students’ homework; “Are you fucking kidding me?!” she expresses what real teachers can’t. Critics have objected to the ending, but it’s actually a perfect Elizabeth’s summing up of her hardened cynicism. I won’t give anything away, but let’s just say that though she may be a bad teacher, she finds a way to use her talent, a keen grasp of the superficial and brutal adolescent hierarchy.
Like all good comic actors, Diaz is willing to make herself look shallow, self-deluded, dissolute, and even at (rare) moments, ugly. It makes no more sense to worry about whether her character is good for women than it would for to worry about whether cheap, plotting, manipulative George Costanza in Seinfeld was good for men. Seth Rogen in Knocked Up? Immature, overweight, slobby, and clueless. Practically every man in every commercial now on television? Immature and clueless.
Come to think of it, when it comes to unflattering gender stereotypes, comedy doesn’t discriminate .
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c15ef2f3cf98cda9093979573078106a | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/06/07/millennials-stop-apologizing-for-job-hopping/ | Millennials, Stop Apologizing For Job-Hopping | Millennials, Stop Apologizing For Job-Hopping
Reports are mixed on if millennials are actually job-hopping more frequently than previous generations. What is clear is that job-hopping is becoming the norm for the average twenty something.
One LinkedIn study says millennials job-hop more than their predecessors, however this only contains data LinkedIn members actually report. Gen X and Baby Boomer members of the site may be less likely to report their extended history of employment, but rather the few most recent jobs.
On the flip side, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that Baby Boomers job-hopped in their twenties just as frequently as millennials do now.
Regardless of the assumptions and unclear conclusions around young employees, I’m convinced that they shouldn’t apologize for job-hopping. A Careerbuilder survey showed that 45% of employees plan to stay with their employer for less than two years, so we ought to get comfortable with the idea.
Millennials can earn a higher salary, grow their career, change locations more frequently, and find a better cultural fit from job-hopping. The negative stigma is on its way out, so people should lean into the positive outcomes from making a change.
Pexels.com
More Money
Most people assume that talented employees who change jobs frequently are always chasing a dollar. This may be partly true, but is only a piece of the puzzle. It’s true that most job-hoppers can raise their salary faster by changing companies than they can by going through the annual review cycle. It certainly doesn’t happen for everyone though.
According to Legal Technology Solutions (LTS) figures, in a healthy economic market, a 8-10% increase is about average for a job change. Other reports show as much as a 20% increase possibility.
In fact, staying at the same employer for over two years on average can cost you 50% or more in lifetime earnings.
If money is your main motivator for work, then job-hopping can certainly help you along the path, especially if you are early in your career.
Many individuals will actually take a pay cut to change jobs, though. A culture mismatch can drive an employee out the door faster than a smaller paycheck can. Poor work-life balance can also contribute to a job change. Working for a purpose is especially important for millennials. Any of these reasons can cause an employee to accept a lower salary in order to change.
Gallery: 7 Habits Of Successful Millennials 8 images View gallery
Career Growth
A LinkedIn survey on people who have changed jobs showed that 59% of respondents chose their new company because they saw a stronger career path or more opportunity there.
This is a bit of a given for job changers, but many organizations, especially those with fewer employees, are unable to provide the ability to advance through the ranks quickly.
Changing jobs allows employees to be choosy in the direction they head and avoid any preconceived notions from colleagues about their advancement.
Ability To Change Locations
The ability to move to another city with your current employer does not arise often, but moving due to a job change is common. In fact, 77% of Cornerstone survey respondents considered relocating to another city, state, or country as a desirable career move.
Marriage and home ownership are at their lowest rates among young adults, so job relocation becomes easier and more desirable when people have less holding them in place.
Many new employers will also offer relocation packages to employees who relocate to a new city, making it more affordable to discover new places to live.
The Negative Stigma Is Nearly Gone
In days past, HR managers would disregard a resume that shows tenure less than two years at more than one job. These days, the stigma is quickly losing steam. According to a Robert Half survey, 57% of millennials who were asked, “Is job hopping losing its stigma?” responded yes.
As millennials rise into management positions and start hiring other employees, they will change in perspective on job-hopping. To be clear, I don’t see any hiring managers preferring candidates who have been at jobs for a three-month period or less. Transitional job-hopping would involve a change after 12-36 months on the job. Some employers may even prefer candidates who can bring knowledge of their competitor and the ability to learn quickly.
Further, since industries are rapidly changing, don’t be surprised if you rarely see employees who consider themselves “lifers." A 2015 Elance Odesk survey found that 52% of millennials believe employee loyalty is overrated, so the idea of staying with one company for an entire career is unpopular.
Job-hoppers should be prepared to give an explanation for their changes when asked. Employers see some job-hoppers who change to learn new skills, add new challenges, or break into a new industry as top performers.
Culture Fit
Millennials have created waves across thousands of organizations. They prefer to have stronger relationships with their coworkers and blur many of the lines at work that previous generations haven’t.
It’s not surprising that millennials are always on the hunt for the right corporate culture fit. This looks different for each millennial, so don’t be surprised when they aren’t interested in the game tables their company recently had installed in the break room.
A 2015 survey by LinkedIn stated that 36% of respondents changed jobs because they were unsatisfied with the work environment or culture. Couple this stat with the knowledge that millennials are less likely to be loyal to an organization and you’ll find that they will leave in flocks when they don’t see the opportunity for change where they are.
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826f0ed7cd085b8af7edf6142f174e91 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/08/08/can-a-millennial-quarter-life-crisis-be-cured-by-their-employer/ | Are Rotational Programs The Key To Retaining Millennial Employees? | Are Rotational Programs The Key To Retaining Millennial Employees?
The term ‘quarter life crisis’ is common in millennials' vocabulary today. Typically it's caused by a sense of not being at a place in life that one expected. Employee rotational programs are increasing in popularity as millennials wrestle through their quarter life crises.
Rotational programs typically involve at least three different work assignments at the same employer with a specified time frame in each role. They provide the opportunity to try on many hats to see which fits best. For example, a participant may spend a year in accounting, a year in finance and a year in marketing.
Clare Maher, Content Specialist at CloudOne, an Internet of Things company, speaks to the changing trends. "In-the-box careers are not fulfilling and workplaces are struggling to accommodate certain traits young working millennials possess: desire to learn, desire to advance and desire to make an impact.”
Millennials are choosing rotational programs to wade through the confusion of entering the... [+] workforce. (Credit: Pexels.com).
Why Are Companies Starting Rotational Programs?
Companies are beginning to catch on to millennials' desires and motivations. As they see the workforce changing, specifically with the desire to try many roles before committing to one, they've develop rotational programs to draw in more young adults.
“I think millennials are attracted to rotational programs like ours because of the continuous training,” said Laura Lawson, Chief People Officer at United Shore Financial Services, a financial and wholesale mortgage company. “Millennials typically crave the ability to learn new skills and continuously improve and that’s what our program is designed to provide.”
Employers, such as Mars, Inc., are seeing that rotational programs not only attract millennials, but develop them into long-term employees that contribute with more depth.
Kerry Grigg, Global University Recruitment & Early Talent Pipeline Development Director at Mars, Inc., a global manufacturer of confectionery, shared about their program. “The best way to accelerate the development of our associates’ perspective and learning agility is to experience rotations in stretching and real roles across a range of functions.”
While some companies may see rotational programs as an expense, with no guarantee of developed employee retention, others put full efforts into the program to aim for success.
BOK Financial is a good example of employee retention success. Scott Robin, Accelerated Career Track Manager at BOK Financial, a personal banking and mortgage company, explains, “Our immediate past CEO, who served in that role for 20 years, was a graduate of the program. Our current Chief Credit Officer and many notable business leaders joined the company through the program.”
Do Millennials Choose Rotational Programs Over Traditional Jobs?
It can be tempting to think that rotational programs only attract a unique type of young adult, but if there’s one thing millennials own as a generational trait, it’s the power to choose. The freedom of choice for a searching and questioning young adult is more powerful than a promised career track.
John Boese, Founder of GoFindFriends.com, a social networking site in New York City, shares his experience. “I had quite a few traditional job offers but chose the rotational program over them. The traditional jobs were low risk and I knew exactly where I'd be in five to ten years. The rotational program was relatively less defined and the outcome much less certain, but it also had the potential to be an amazing opportunity.”
For others, it’s less about the choice as much as it is about building skills in multiple areas.
“I chose the rotational program because of the opportunity to take on significant responsibilities in multiple departments, and experiment with different skill sets,” shared Amy Sung, Rotational Associate at Optoro, a reverse logistics technology company. “That kind of knowledge transfer and potential for growth is not as accessible in traditional jobs.”
Another reason millennials may choose a rotational program over a traditional job is if they are in pursuit of job satisfaction. Young adults today are unwilling to sacrifice 40 hours each week to a job they don’t enjoy.
“A rotational program was very attractive to me because it allowed me the time and opportunity to find the type of work and group culture that would provide me with the greatest level of satisfaction,” said Mackenzie Whipps, Credit Specialist at Bank of Texas, a financial banking institution.
What Do Millennials Think Of Rotational Programs?
While I’ll honestly admit that not all the feedback I received from millennials in rotational programs was positive, the majority said the benefit they received from the experience was worthwhile.
Based on millennial feedback on rotational programs, it was clear that they are not interested in investing years of their life in ‘internship-like’ rotational programs. They expect a program where their skills will grow and they will develop their understanding of that particular line of work.
Overall, young adults see rotational programs as an opportunity to ‘try before you buy’, or rather, ‘try before you commit’. As a group, they are so used to the world changing rapidly, so they would rather not commit to a career track out of college that they have no experience with.
“One of the positive aspects of the rotational program was that you got to understand the difference in team cultures and job responsibilities across the organization,” shared Gunhee Park, founder of Ministry of Hemp, a leading hemp e-commerce brand. “This did help me understand what type of work I enjoy more and what type of manager I would want to work for after I graduate from the rotational program.”
Park drives home the final point on rotational programs that stand out to millennials. They are generally more specific about what type of work environment they want to be a part of. Rotating jobs allows them to experience multiple managers, working teams, and working styles. They can experience in a few years what often takes a decade for young professionals to refine.
Employers likely don’t realize the part they can play in relieving some of the pressure many millennials experience in a quarter life crisis. By allowing them options to determine where they feel most at home, they decrease the pressure on young adults to fit a predefined mold.
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d74acc1b275c1ebd6dda1be6aba86c97 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/08/16/should-millennials-be-facebook-friends-with-their-coworkers/ | Should Millennials Be Facebook Friends With Their Coworkers? | Should Millennials Be Facebook Friends With Their Coworkers?
One of the more frequent stereotypes assigned to millennials by Gen X and Boomers is that they do not separate work and friendship relationships. The frustration is that the lines blur between coworker and friend, potentially causing less work to get done.
According to the 2012 Millennial Branding Survey, millennials become Facebook friends with an average of 16 of their coworkers. With this high number and the increasing popularity of millennials job-hopping, there’s a good chance their social network over time could include many current and past colleagues.
Are millennials more likely to grab happy hour with a coworker after work? Of course! Is it truly a negative? Not so fast. While they turn coworkers into friends, this can often help them build successful teams and improve office culture. Never the less, there are some areas to consider before accepting that friend request from a colleague.
Millennials are the first generation to have to develop a standard for befriending coworkers on... [+] social networks. (Credit: Pexels.com).
Freedom of Speech?
The most glaring reason not to friend coworkers on Facebook is for those rare moments when you post a status you could later regret. Whether it’s a political rant, a strong stance on an issue, or more importantly, a rant about your job, you could momentarily forget who is on your thread.
According to 2014 Pew Research Center Survey, 16% of employees found information on social media that lowered their opinion of a colleague. Even if your friends may understand your affinity for music festivals, your coworkers may not.
This downfall doesn’t just apply to Facebook. If you have an open profile on networks like Snapchat, Twitter, or Instagram, your posts can and will be used against you. One millennial was fired for an angry tweet about a group of customers who didn’t leave a tip.
The Illusion Of Privacy
While you may assume your posts are secure when you set up your profile as private, with posts even limiting certain groups of friends or individuals, you may be buying into an illusion of privacy.
First, any public figure such as Cee Lo Green, Anthony Wiener, or Mary J. Blige can tell you that an untimely or remotely inappropriate post lives forever in the form of a screenshot.
Second, and more importantly, Facebook has a system that can reveal your posts to people not on your friend list when one of your friends likes, comments, shares, or reacts to your post. Suddenly your photos of your wild weekend are visible to your manager if your coworkers on your friends list like the post.
Office Drama From Favoritism
Part of the difficulty in engaging with coworkers on social media is that peers may view engagement from management on posts as favoritism. Some employees may already have a relationship with their manager prior to being hired. In fact, with networking yielding a high number of job offers today, it’s not uncommon for an established relationship to exist online before any management structure exists.
What happens when a peer sees that you and your manager share an interest in European soccer? If that manager frequently comments, likes, or even posts pictures of games you and they have attended together, it’s possible office tension could arise from jealous peers.
Deteriorating Timeline
Everybody has a different preference for the content that falls on their timeline. Facebook thankfully created the ability to ‘hide’ certain friend’s posts so that you won’t see them again, without having to delete them from your friends list.
Even still, if your interests do not include the those pesky Facebook games like Farmville, frequent videos of how to make just about every recipe in 30 seconds flat, or frightening pictures of coworkers in their swimsuits during their weekend at the beach, you may want to reconsider accepting that friend request from a colleague outside your social circle.
With all the considerations above, is it really worth it to befriend your colleagues on social media? Many of the benefits, such as improved camaraderie, shared interests, and team building, were not discussed here. You will have to weigh the risks of making this millennial move.
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ff301dd78ccbb3ed8a8d27c5e4fca86b | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/09/11/what-amazons-new-30-hour-work-week-means-for-millennials/ | What Amazon's New 30-Hour Work Week Means For Millennials | What Amazon's New 30-Hour Work Week Means For Millennials
Recently I saw Lesley Jane Seymour’s LinkedIn article, “Why we’re in trouble if only women sign up for Amazon’s 30-hour work week”. She unfolded criticism for the program, centered primarily around the tension between working moms and every other group in the organization.
While I commend her for raising the flag on gender diversity and recognizing the sentiments of non-parent employees, I couldn’t help but consider how millennials view Amazon’s recent announcement.
Amazon recently announced the development of specific technical teams, including managers, within the organization that will work 30-hour salaried weeks, at a 75% rate of what they would make at 40-hours per week. They will receive the same benefits as full-time employees. Their hours will be from 10 AM to 2 PM daily, with additional flex hours.
Amazon's New 30-Hour Work Week Challenges Work-Life Balance. (Credit: Pexels.com).
Some reports are stating that Amazon may have implemented this new policy in response to an article in the New York Times last year that could have scarred its reputation.
Whatever the motivation, millennials stand to gain from this move.
“Research has shown that young adults aren’t necessarily interested in the traditional workplace environment and that their work-life balance is crucial to them,” said Jacqueline Breslin, Director of Human Capital Services at TriNet, an HR solutions company. “We’ve also seen that younger workers who are still in school for a master’s degree want the ability to balance their education with their work lives and this is a great compromise.”
The initial response to a new part-time program may be to think it’s been developed to make life easier for working parents. That may be true, but the subset of employees many forget is millennials.
Turns out, millennials desire part-time work and it’s not just so that they can balance parenting with their work hours. A 2015 study by FlexJobs found that 40% of millennials would ideally like to work part-time for one employer.
One cause for the desire for part-time work could be the increase in the number of millennials pursuing side hustles. A steady income in the part-time job is important, but millennials that want to learn new skills outside of work or start their own business desire the additional time needed to do so.
In a 2011 PricewaterhouseCoopers study, flexible working hours ranked second in benefits millennials most value from an employer. Young adults taking on jobs are watching closely for companies that allow them to prioritize their own time. Amazon’s 30-hour work week, which includes flex hours, could be just what millennials desire.
Not only do millennials want to choose what they do with their time, they want the ability to leave work at work. According to a 2016 Deloitte study, when salary was removed from the discussion, millennials ranked good work/life balance above any other reason to work for an organization.
Work/life balance could be ranked so highly among millennials because it's elusive for the generation. Whether someone works 30-hours per week or 60-hours per week, their work likely follows them home on their handheld device. Reducing hours physically in the office can help millennials feel as though they’re keeping on top of things but decrease their "butt-in-seat" time to do their job well.
Amazon may be one of the first of many companies to offer entire teams on part-time schedules. With millennials making up the largest percentage of the workforce, their desires may drive future corporate behavior.
As more part-time team opportunities become available, expect young adults who desire flexibility, healthy work-life balance, increased ability to parent outside of work, better hours to pursue additional education, and more time for a side hustle to be jumping all over those jobs.
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c348da1e5bbe233807158b0b4eae4a3d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/10/13/do-millennials-prefer-working-from-home-more-than-baby-boomers-and-gen-x/ | Do Millennials Prefer Working From Home More Than Baby Boomers And Gen X? | Do Millennials Prefer Working From Home More Than Baby Boomers And Gen X?
Working from home has become more common for jobs that do not require physical presence in the workplace, but along with it has come a generational divide about whether it is as effective as office-based work. Additionally, it’s created a point of challenge between some employees and their management.
Remote work has been on the rise and will continue to soar as technology makes it easier and more efficient. Global Workplace Analytics reports that 50% of the US workforce holds a job compatible with at least partial teleworking and 80 to 90% of the workforce would like to work remote at least part time.
Teleworking is possible, desired by employees, and is going to continue to become more popular. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 24% of workers in 2015 did some or all of their work at home, which is up from 19% in 2003.
A majority of millennials prefer to have the choice to work from home (Credit: Pexels.com)
As remote work becomes more commonplace, there can be a sense among many Boomers and Gen X members that perhaps millennials are to blame for this trend and that it should be reversed. This misguided assessment has come about likely because the tools to effectively work from home have only been commonplace among companies during the rise in millennial presence in the office.
Millennials have not caused the remote work trend. In fact, some studies show that they prefer remote work slightly less than older generations. According to PwC’s NextGen study, 64% of millennials surveyed would like to occasionally work from home. This study also showed a slightly higher percentage, 66% to be exact, among members of Gen X and Boomers that would prefer to work from home.
While millennials are not alone in preferring remote work, the numbers suggest it’s an incredibly important perk for this generation. A FlexJobs Report showed that 60% of millennials think they they would be more productive at home versus in an office. Further, 82% of respondents say they would be more loyal to their employers if they had flexible work options.
Now that we’ve established millennials are not to blame for this trend, nor do they prefer remote work any more than other employees, we can address the conflict that usually arises around remote work.
Management teams can be leery of employees who want to work from home, thinking that if they are out of sight, they will be less effective. While there are no large-scale studies that prove effectiveness, in a study conducted with Ctrip, China's largest travel agent, on the impact of working from home, home-workers were 13% more productive than office based workers over a nine-month period. Further, turnover was 50% lower in the home-based working group. The home-workers also reported substantially higher work satisfaction and less “work exhaustion”. Lastly, each home worker saved the company $2,000.
There’s great benefit in jumping on the remote work trend and companies that are doing so will see more millennials flocking to work for them.
“The data that we've seen shows that employers are more supportive of flexible work arrangements than ever before,” shared Sara Sutton Fell, Founder and CEO of FlexJobs, an online service helping professionals find flexible jobs.
Some companies, like PwC and SAP, use flexible work options as part of their recruiting initiatives to attract new talent,” Sutton Fell continues. “On PwC's Flexibility Squared work-life balance website, they publicly present formalized flexible work options, including PwC@Home, where employees work from home three or more days each week. Others, like Dell, are committing to having a large percentage of their workforce working flexibly in the coming years.”
More employers could follow the lead of companies like PwC, SAP, and Dell by making remote work a normal part of their culture. When remote work is normalized, older management is less likely to have conflict with younger employees that may expect this perk, since it’s so commonly acceptable.
It’s important to remember that millennials did not cause the work from home trend, nor do they prefer the perk any more than the other generations do. It’s a workplace trend, not a millennial trend. The only difference is that millennials have always known it as a possibility, while Boomers and members of Gen X see it as a recent trend.
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7cc2f387cb6a9789cbd73a28cf74a3ef | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/11/06/why-keeping-score-at-work-can-fix-the-millennial-need-for-feedback/ | Why Keeping Score At Work Can Fix Millennials' Need For Feedback | Why Keeping Score At Work Can Fix Millennials' Need For Feedback
One of the primary complaints about millennial employees is that they often expect frequent promotion or raises, when they have not put in the work to earn them. While many see this as entitled, it’s important to unpack where this tendency comes from.
According to a recent Addison Group survey, 82% of millennials expect a promotion and/or raise at least every other year. Clearly this is a trend that cannot be ignored, as most young adults desire it.
Today, it’s necessary for employers to incorporate some way of measuring millennial employees that can be viewed instantly and give them a sense of where they stand.
Millennials have grown up with everything at their fingertips and instant feedback. Think about their exposure to video games and how instantaneous the feedback is in a game. There’s a running scoreboard, where one can always see where they stand and know if they will win, lose, or move to the next level.
It’s no surprise then that young employees are looking for frequent feedback, a scoreboard on their progress, and a road map to where they are headed.
Millennials want to keep score at work. If you want to fix their feedback problem, you should too... [+] (Credit: StartupStockPhotos.com).
In his book Sticking Points, Haydn Shaw shares an example of where millennials are keeping score. Facebook uses Work.com to engage their young workforce. This platform allows users to give feedback to colleagues, ask for feedback, thank one another and see progress on work. It creates a scoreboard where coworkers can know where they stand.
For example, when a running scoreboard is kept of an employee’s efforts, self-correction often occurs. If someone sees they are ‘losing’, they are motivated to pick it up. If they are ‘winning’, it’s clear evidence for a millennial to ask for and expect a raise or promotion.
Creating a scoreboard for employees can also remove some of the informal barriers to promotion and raises that millennials despise. This generation is far less likely to want to play the corporate political dance to be liked enough by upper management to receive a promotion. They respect transparency and authenticity, so displaying progress clearly and publicly gives them the opportunity to understand why they did or did not receive a raise.
In his book The 4 Disciplines of Execution, Chris McChesney explains one of the core components to managing millennials. His advice is to turn your employee’s work into a winnable game. Employees work harder when you keep score and they continue to produce when they feel like they are playing a game they can win.
This concept of playing a winnable game at work also translates into a millennials’ desire for their career. Millennials who have left college campuses where their coursework was laid out for them based on their major are most likely to be comfortable in organizations where a career path is clearly defined for them. Just as employees want to play a game they can win, they also want to know what they are striving for next.
The last piece of the puzzle on managing millennials is giving appropriate and timely feedback. It’s widely publicized that millennials expect more feedback than other generations. A 2014 GlobalSuccess survey found that millennials want feedback 50% more often than other employees.
The solution is not to schedule more manager and employee meetings. The solution is in the game of employment. If you create a winnable game for your millennial employees that displays instant or near instant feedback in some form of scoreboard, you will naturally increase the feedback the employees receive without spending any more one to one time with them.
Responding to the millennial desire for more frequent raises and promotions requires management to find a way to keep score publicly. They also need to find a way to make their employee’s work seem like a winnable game they are playing. If these things are accomplished, the problem of needing more frequent feedback resolves itself through formal scoreboards and game metrics.
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e446118b44590e58b35fd98c2f123f47 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/12/11/3-ways-to-survive-when-all-your-coworkers-are-on-vacation/ | 3 Ways To Survive When All Your Coworkers Are On Vacation | 3 Ways To Survive When All Your Coworkers Are On Vacation
Year-end can either be filled with numerous out of office notices or a complete overload of work, depending upon what industry you work in. In many cases, workload slows down in December and employees often try to exercise the last of their accrued vacation time before they lose it at the end of the month.
Despite what seems like a large number of people taking vacation, there are just as many folks who do not take the time off that they are entitled to.
Credit: Stocksnap.io.
According to Project: Time Off surveys, 55% of Americans did not use all their vacation in 2015. This represented 658 million vacation days, or $61.4 million in benefits, going unused last year.
Why aren’t employees taking the time away from the office that they have earned? For 25% of employees, they think their company expects them to work while they are on vacation, so they don’t bother taking the time off. For others, about two-thirds of employees, they hear nothing, mixed messages, or discouraging messages about taking time off, so they don’t feel actually entitled to take the time.
Before you write off vacation time or decide you can’t afford to take days off, know this. Project: Time Off also found that employees who take 10 or less days of vacation time per year are less likely to have received a raise or bonus in the last three years than those who took 11 days or more. It might be time to log those last few days before the year is up.
If you do plan some time off or are covering for someone who is out, there are a few things to keep me in mind to make the season bearable for you and for your coworkers left in the office while you’re out.
Communicate With Coworkers
“We all know the holiday break is coming so let’s be prepared,” said Alissa Carpenter, Career Discovery and Personal Development Coach at Everything's Not OK and That's OK, a life coaching company. “Communicate what projects are on the table right now and what needs to be done. Don’t wait until you are about to walk out the door to loop people in.”
It goes without saying that the better you establish clear communications around work that must be done while you are out or a peer is out, the happier everyone will be.
Prioritize Work
For many industries, work that must be completed by year-end has significantly reduced and many are hard at work on 2017 projects already. To ease the burden of people taking time off, prioritize outstanding projects so everyone knows what must be done in December and what can wait until everyone is back from their time off.
“Does the project or task you are working on have to be done right before the holidays or can it wait?” said Carpenter. “Assess the needs of the tasks on you and your co-workers plates before adding something else on.”
Set Reasonable Goals
This is not the time of year to plan a large company off-site meeting. In fact, the less time you demand of your peers and reports this time of year, the better. There are likely still some pressing projects to attend to, so if you focus time and effort on those, they will get accomplished.
Setting two simple goals for the last month of the year is best. For example, if you have client work that needs to be completed by year-end, that will obviously take top priority on your goal list. Maybe your other simple goal will be to complete your year-end review, or reviews for your direct reports.
Bottom line is that you have outstanding vacation time to take, you should exercise that time while you have it. It’s better for your career and health to spend time away from the office. It may be difficult on your coworkers for the short time that you are out, but communicating, prioritizing, and setting reasonable goals will make the holiday season pass without conflict or trouble.
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c69954b37cfc56754feda39a3835a8fc | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2016/12/22/this-app-makes-professional-networking-as-easy-as-swiping-right/ | This App Makes Professional Networking As Easy As Swiping Right | This App Makes Professional Networking As Easy As Swiping Right
Ask an average millennial how much they like networking and you are likely to get an eye roll in response. It’s not their favorite activity and for good reason. They often find it difficult, uncomfortable, and lacking genuine connection. Thankfully, networking has been evolving to include a Tinder-like app that is used for professional networking.
Credit: Shapr.
Where LinkedIn And Networking Events Fail
Some millennials may still invest time in happy hour networking events, hoping to make connections worth their time and money. The truth is though, that millennials generally hate networking events.
Even the most genuinely organized networking events can feel fake and forced to a millennial who is used to making connections online. Without context of the connections they are making, it can be difficult to know if it’s worth spending the time building a relationship.
A Marketing Manager at Citi shared the major millennial frustration, “At a general networking function, you're likely going into the room cold with little information about who's in the room and why they are there.”
Further, there’s no guarantee that they will be able to connect with someone in the industry, area, or at a company they are pursuing.
LinkedIn has bridged the gap in many ways for millennials. Remembering that we are the generation that has spent all of our adult years being able to get the details on someone we hear about or want to talk to on their social media channels such as Facebook and Twitter before ever speaking a word to them.
We crave context and the ability to prioritize our networking time, just as we have done with our personal social media interactions. LinkedIn has made it possible to be able to know the background, history, skills, and network of an individual before we even say hello. Unfortunately, that's a double sided coin. One of the features millennials dislike most in LinkedIn is the 'Who's Viewed Your Profile' feature.
"No more social media stalking with LinkedIn," said Alexis Shaak, Founder and Digital Marketer at Indigo Evolution Studio, a social media marketing agency. "I found this out the hard way. When I first checked out LinkedIn, I was clicking from profile to profile having no idea people get notified that I viewed their profile. Not until someone finally viewed my profile and I was notified, did I realize this. Ugh! LinkedIn, let me stalk! You’re the worst!"
The missing component in LinkedIn for a millennial is the ability to discover new connections in an approachable manner. LinkedIn is designed to formally connect with people that you have likely already met or talked to. Any other attempted connection with someone you do not know can feel cold, awkward, or may make the person think you will try to sell them something.
Hello Shapr
Shapr is an app that takes a new approach to professional networking. Using a smart algorithm, Shapr provides 10-15 profiles of other professionals nearby with similar interests to be evaluated daily. Much like the popular dating app, Tinder, users swipe left or right to indicate if they would like to connect with the individual. Once two individuals both swipe right on each other’s profile, they can message to connect over coffee in person.
Credit: Shapr.
“Networking gets a bad reputation,” said Ludovic Huraux, CEO and Co-Founder of Shapr. “It is often viewed as an exhausting experience that requires a tremendous amount of time and energy to build meaningful relationships. Shapr makes networking simple by introducing you to like-minded professionals that are nearby and are also interested in expanding their networks. Our goal at Shapr is to make networking so seamless and inspiring that it becomes a lifestyle.”
Shapr is very focused on being a professional networking app that opens new possibilities for its users. That being said, they have moderators and flagging features to ensure that anyone pursuing unprofessional interests such as dating or selling are reported.
“At Shapr, we promote a mindful way of networking,” said Huraux. “Our goal is not to get your business cards into the hands of as many people as possible. Our goal is to spark mutually beneficial conversations that evolve into long-term relationships. We ask users to report anyone who tries to hard sell a service or a product through the app.”
While Shapr is making millennials far more comfortable and effective at networking, don’t be fooled into thinking there are only young adults using the app. A healthy balance of users with different levels of work experience make connections more valuable.
“The majority of our early adopters have been millennials,” Huraux continued. “However, we also have several older, more seasoned professionals on the app. One of our goals is to cultivate mentorship opportunities and it’s been incredibly inspiring to hear stories of our users getting lunch with more senior leaders from their field.”
Shapr helps users save valuable time, a key for millennials, by allowing them to only pursue connections they know will be valuable. Because of the setup of the app, users naturally search for connections that are mutually beneficial and genuine.
“Prior to Shapr, I used to network the traditional way by attending happy hour networking and tech events,” said Sysamone Phaphon, Founder and CEO of Groupeezz, an app that connects people based on their movie interests. “Traditional networking was hit or miss in whether it'd be beneficial. I'm running a company in which I have very little to no time to spare. Shapr quickly leads to a coffee or smoothie or lunch meeting, and I leave every Shapr meetup fulfilled instead of feeling like I wasted my time.”
One unexpected perk to the app for millennials who may be relocating is the ability to develop a network or establish friendships in a new city prior to a move. Since the app connects users based on location, if they are visiting their new city, they can try to connect with people while they are there.
“I hit it off with a Chicago-based consultant working on a project with Nike,” said Gabriel Henton, CEO of Unclouded Visionary, an impactful IT consultancy. “Since this guy doesn’t have an existing network in Portland, he uses Shapr to meet other professionals while he is in town. We met up last month and we are making plans to meet up again!”
Networking has clearly continued to evolve over time as tools make it easier and more efficient to create meaningful relationships. Millennials are on the cutting edge of this revolution because of their refusal to pursue something they don’t believe in. Shapr has made connecting for mutual interest far easier.
Stay connected. Continue the conversation on Twitter.
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8a617504e18c4120f79bd5560c04c6d2 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2017/02/08/4-reasons-all-millennials-should-develop-their-public-speaking-skills/ | 4 Reasons All Millennials Should Develop Their Public Speaking Skills | 4 Reasons All Millennials Should Develop Their Public Speaking Skills
It is uncommon for millennials to spend time developing their public speaking skills outside of structured schoolwork and required courses for their careers, but they should consider honing their skills in other ways.
According to Statistic Brain, 74% of people suffer from glossophobia, or a fear of public speaking. This can contribute to the number of young adults who do not spend the time and effort to develop the ability to present in front of a group of people. Beyond a fear of public speaking, most millennials don’t find themselves with opportunities to develop their skills, since so many careers use written communication as the primary medium.
Public Speaking Is A Rare Talent Among Millennials
Especially in a tech-dominated world where few people excel in the spotlight, effective communication skills come at a premium. The bottom line is that millennials have started at a disadvantage because of their upbringing. They have learned to communicate primarily via text, emoji, and social media, so they can struggle at times with presenting themselves formally in front of a group.
We already know that millennials usually prefer communicating via text message, but there are many scenarios where face-to-face or presenting for an audience is necessary. In these cases, millennials who develop their skills are more likely to excel and stand out. This could be in an interview, presentation, or sales pitch.
“Millennials may not realize it, but many engage in public speaking every day, albeit through platforms like Facebook Live and YouTube,” said Kristi Dosh, Public Speaker and Founder of Guide My Brand, a publicity firm. “While there are still many advantages to getting on a stage and speaking to an audience you can shake hands with afterwards, public speaking as a skill is still an easy way to stand out from the crowd and develop your personal brand.”
Kristi Dosh has a depth of experience in speaking to groups, universities, and organizations... [+] (Credit: University of Florida Entertainment & Sports Law Society).
As Dosh mentions, developing public speaking skills does not have to be done the traditional way anymore. In fact, millennials can develop their skills with just their phone. They have the ability to broadcast a message, short or long, simple or complicated, with just the push of a button on social media. Feedback to their message comes in many forms, but likes, comments, and shares are often indicators of how well received the message is.
Public Speaking Skills Give You A Competitive Business Edge
Whether you are an entrepreneur or work for a company, there are numerous areas where public speaking opportunities add value. As a millennial entrepreneur, not only would you be unique in having the ability to carry yourself well to a crowd, but you may find it easier to raise capital, inspire teams, and win customers with the right speaking skills. Further, it can help an entrepreneur craft and hone their brand.
“Public speaking is still one of the quickest, most efficient ways to establish your credibility,” shared Dosh. “From attracting clients to impressing potential employers, public speaking is a personal branding technique that bridges generational gaps.”
As a professional employed by a company, the ability to speak in front of an audience will put you ahead of your peers for promotions and opportunities. One look at most town hall or all hands presentations by managers or executives of any given company will show you that public speaking is still a rare skill.
Public Speaking Can Move Your Message Further
Improving public speaking skills can help your online presence too. There’s benefit to speaking face to face with a crowd, but often times your reach and influence ends there. As you develop confidence with any speaking endeavors, you can take your influence online by creating videos and live streams.
“Learning how to effectively communicate your message will never go out of style,” said Dosh. “Today, there are even more platforms for public speaking than ever, so even if you aren’t getting up on a traditional stage, being able to deliver a message that engages an audience is still valuable.”
Many people find that even spreading their message in short snippets on platforms such as YouTube, Facebook Live, Periscope, Instagram Stories and Snapchat help them develop a following and makes their message spread faster when their audience likes, comments and shares their content.
Public Speaking Can Give Your Business Or Brand Depth
Whether you are conscious of it or not, you have a personal brand. It may align with your business or your work in your particular industry. Either way, public speaking can deepen your reach within that brand or business. It only happens when you follow one of the main rules of public speaking, which is to make your message about your audience’s needs and wants.
“Your speech must be about your audience,” said Lindsey Pollak, Author of Becoming the Boss: New Rules for the Next Generation of Leaders. “This is excellent advice I got from my speaking coach, Jane Atkinson. For example, when you are tempted to think about where your hands are gesturing or whether anyone will get your jokes, consciously focus on whether the audience members are hearing your message and you are giving them solid takeaways to implement. Instead of telling too many stories about your own experience, pre-interview or research your audience before your speech and share some of their anecdotes. If your energy is focused on your audience and how you’re helping them, you can’t lose.”
When you ensure your audience is getting what they want and need out of your content, they are more likely to want more from you. That’s where your business and brand reach expands as they follow you on social media and buy your products.
“Because so few people conquer their fear of public speaking and take the time to develop their skills, those who become public speakers can easily stand out in a crowded marketplace,” said Dosh. “Public speaking can be leveraged to achieve many goals – establishing your credibility, selling books, building your personal brand, and attracting clients, just to name a few.”
Whether you are considering developing your public speaking skills in order to stand out among a crowd, gain a competitive edge in job seeking or business, deepen your business or brand impact, or furthering your message, there’s a strong case to be made for spending time and effort becoming comfortable in front of a crowd.
Millennials are particularly unique in that public speaking presence is uncommon among young adults, so the ability to use it to your advantage is even greater.
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85bc21eefcdbede116fc2aa1b39e53ab | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2017/02/09/what-facebooks-new-bereavement-leave-policy-means-for-millennials-everywhere/ | What Facebook's New Bereavement Leave Policy Means For Millennials | What Facebook's New Bereavement Leave Policy Means For Millennials
On Tuesday, Sheryl Sandberg, Chief Operating Officer of Facebook, announced that Facebook’s bereavement leave policy is changing. Additionally, their leave policy to care short-term and long-term for an ill family member is also changing. This comes on the heels of many other benefit changes in the tech industry and beyond, such as extended paid maternity or parental leave, flexible time off policies, and volunteer time off. As a whole, all of these changing benefits reflect the attitudes and desires of a changing workforce, driven largely by millennial employees.
Facebook’s new policy allows for 20 days off for bereavement for an immediate family member and 10 days off for an extended family member. They have also added a six week paid leave policy per year to care for an ailing family member. Additionally, employees are allowed three days of paid sick time to take care of a family member with a short-term illness.
Sandberg, who lost her husband Dave Goldberg in 2015, shared her thoughts on the new policy.
“People should be able both to work and be there for their families,” said Sandberg. “No one should face this trade-off. We need public policies that make it easier for people to care for their children and aging parents and for families to mourn and heal after loss.”
Sheryl Sandberg, Chief Operating Officer (COO) of Facebook, speaks during a session at the Congress... [+] centre on the second day of the World Economic Forum, on January 18, 2017 in Davos. (Credit: FABRICE COFFRINI/AFP/Getty Images)
Further, she raved about Facebook’s new policy while encouraging other companies to follow suit.
“Companies that stand by the people who work for them do the right thing and the smart thing - it helps them serve their mission, live their values, and improve their bottom line by increasing the loyalty and performance of their workforce,” said Sandberg.
Tech companies have often led the way on expanding benefits to accommodate changing demands for potential candidates. As these companies lay the foundation for the future of work, other organizations are taking notice.
These changes are often implemented as companies aim to attract and retain millennial talent. Benefit policies such as flexible time off, volunteer time off, maternity leave and bereavement leave all revolve around how employees spend their time and interact with their families.
“Workers always craved the human factor,” said Linda Sharkey PhD, Co-Author of the Future Proof Workplace and CEO of Tomlin Sharkey and Associates, a leadership and cultural transformation company. “That is a condition of being human. Employers of the past believed in control or people would be lazy and not produce. The employer wielded the power through controls and a paycheck.”
Millennials are known for their authenticity and their desire to bring their true self to work. They often note that they want to be the same person at work that they are after hours. These type of policies give them permission to do just that.
While it may be subtler than extended maternity leave policies, Facebook’s new bereavement policy can impact millennials everywhere as other organizations review what guidelines are appropriate for their employees.
Millennials are known for prioritizing their personal lives, especially their family time. Bereavement leave, while a sad event, allows millennials to properly grieve lost family members and remain committed to their work, without having to choose between the two.
“Only 60 percent of private sector workers in the United States get paid time off after the death of a loved one and usually just a few days,” shared Sandberg.
Facebook has led the way, but other companies may follow suit as they see the response from millennial talent to this generous policy. This is something that should be celebrated by all millennials and other generations as policies become more generous and humane.
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50669a4e202b301b6f831226d7db152c | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2017/06/06/how-millennials-are-being-creative-with-their-travel/ | How Millennials Are Creatively Approaching Their Business Travel | How Millennials Are Creatively Approaching Their Business Travel
Millennials are well known for their sense of adventure and exploration, so they have become crafty at creating “bleisure” trips, or combining business travel with leisure travel.
According to a Chase Marriott Rewards Premier Business Credit Card Survey, 78% of millennials intentionally carved out personal time on a business trip. Further, 60% of millennials said that vacation time benefits their business by helping them think big picture, as opposed to 49% of boomers.
While this is not a new way of conducting business, it is more prevalent with millennials than older generations. One of the reasons for this is because millennials have delayed marriage and having children, allowing them to have fewer commitments to rush home to after business travel.
Millennials are perfecting the "bleisure" trip. Credit: Jennifer McDermott.
“Modern business travelers are most likely to ask about combining leisure with business travel, work-life balance or bringing family on trips,” said Evan Konwiser, Vice President Digital Traveler at American Express Global Business Travel, a business travel company. “Companies are, therefore, developing progressive travel policies that encourage both personal and professional growth for business travelers. According to recent statistics, 57% of companies have a policy in place for employees aged 20-30 to extend business trips with vacation time.”
The ability to explore new places ranks high among millennials, as well as with other generations. According to research by Booking.com for Business, 30% of business travelers would accept a lower paying job if it meant they could travel more for work.
If this is such a high demand job perk, companies must be prepared to offer flexibility and freedom to create work-life balance while on the road. For many travelers, work travel can be exhausting, but with just a few adjustments, employees may start asking for travel assignments to hit the refresh button with a couple extra days of personal time tacked on at the end or beginning.
What Companies Need To Know About Bleisure
The Profile of the American Bleisure Traveler reported that employees who’ve taken bleisure trips report that adding leisure days to business travel adds value to their work assignments and benefits them as an employee, while giving them the opportunity to gain cultural experience and knowledge.
Bleisure trips create the added value and loyalty that many companies would like to see from more millennials. In fact, companies that want to retain millennials could be intentional about suggesting a millennial employee add personal time to their work trip, rather than waiting for the employee to ask for permission.
“Our [Mezi] survey found that 74 percent of frequent business travelers wish their corporate travel policy included a budget for extracurriculars and personal entertainment ,” said Swapnil Shinde, Co-Founder and CEO of Mezi, an artificial intelligence powered personal travel assistant. “Encouraging employees to take time for themselves, whether it's a workout class or grabbing dinner at a cool local spot, and supporting those activities with a small personal entertainment budget makes a big difference.”
If you own or operate a company, have you clearly established guidelines for business travel and personal time? Do you encourage your employees to responsibly balance their work commitments and personal time?
“Every company’s culture is different, so businesses exploring adding a Bleisure element to its corporate travel policy should ask themselves certain questions," continued Shinde. "Things like - which elements of our current company culture are best suited to extend on the road? What do employees value most in the ‘perks’ and culture we offer? Is there a maximum number of vacation days we’ll allow an employee to tack onto a business trip? Are there certain types of trips where we’d not be able to accommodate an added Bleisure element? Which trips, and why?”
Companies that win with millennials are those with clear guidelines about travel flexibility. Maybe your company can’t offer high salaries or deep benefit packages, but you can make it possible for employees to explore a new city with a day off.
It’s ‘A Must’ For Millennials
“Of course more freedom and choice are preferable when you're traveling for work as being away from your commitments at home and your own free time is cut into,” said Emily Sheehan, Partner Engineer at Twitter Inc., a social media company. “Incorporating a personal event or interest into a business trip makes the whole trip feel more balanced and makes it more memorable too.”
In some cases, millennials see bleisure as an added benefit. In others, they see it as a requirement. While many millennials do not have the commitment of a partner or children at home, they still see being away from home as a sacrifice that needs to be balanced. In this case, being able to sight see or step outside the office while away allows them to return home recharged, rather than exhausted.
“Travel is a privilege, but it can be such a grind,” said Aviva Legatt, College Application Coach and Owner of VivED Consulting LLC, an elite college admission coaching company. “It's taxing on the body and on the mind. You're off your routine, you're away from home; you're eating strange food, you're not sleeping in your own bed. Therefore, a day of vacation while on business travel is a must for me. It can be rejuvenating and provides a great memory for you to take home from the visit.”
Even though millennials are demanding more of employers when it comes to business travel, most understand that there are expectations of them as an employee if they choose to book a bleisure trip.
“I’ve been successful at this for several years because, as mentioned above, I am always transparent with my work about what I’d like to do,” said Shanna Green, Content Manager at Priya PR, a public relations agency for creative companies. “If possible, I’ll try to arrive over a weekend, so I can get a few extra days in without missing work, or, I’ll request a day or two off after the work event, so I can be sure everything is wrapped before.”
Being courteous of time commitments for work makes it easy for an employer to say yes to extending trips. Further, there are expenses to consider when thinking about a bleisure trip.
“I also keep work and personal expenses completely separate,” continued Green. “If I want to stay longer than my colleagues, I will find a flight that’s the same price as theirs, even if it’s a different day or time. If nothing similar is available, then I would pay the difference out of pocket. If I’m staying extra night and already in a reasonably priced hotel, I’ll only request reimbursement for the nights I would have had to stay for business.”
The last item to consider as a millennial bleisure traveler is one most do not consider. If anything were to happen to you while you were traveling, would you be covered by insurance?
“It’s important that people be aware that if traveling for vacation as an extension to a work trip, then they will likely only be covered under insurance for the business-related days,” said Jennifer McDermott, Consumer Advocate at Finder.com, a personal finance comparison site. “For additional travel you need to be covered under your own travel insurance.”
Millennials who wish to remain in good standing with their employers and continue enjoying their bleisure benefits should make sure to consider time off requirements, managing expenses, and covering insurance where needed.
If all these items are considered, millennial employees can expand their sense of adventure by incorporating personal time into a work trip. Employers gain from this arrangement by having happy and rested employees who are more likely to work hard and stay with the company.
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df7f2fc238489b5facf44939711f51ce | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2017/06/11/work-flexibility-is-no-longer-just-a-corporate-issue/ | Work Flexibility Is No Longer Just A Corporate Issue | Work Flexibility Is No Longer Just A Corporate Issue
Flexible jobs, or jobs that can be done remotely, are very common today. A recent Gallup survey found that 43% of American employees spend at least some time working remotely.
The nearly half of jobs that can be done remote is no surprise to anyone who has been paying attention, as technology has paved the way for workers to unplug or become location independent. It’s the same reason why millennials are keen to become digital nomads and travel while they work.
Employers benefit by having remote employees because their productivity spikes without distractions provided by an office environment. Further, a FlexJobs report found that 82% of millennials said they are more loyal to their employer if they have flexible work options.
Work flexibility for millennials is often a non-negotiable. Credit: Picjumbo.com
Despite all the benefits and employee desire for flexible jobs, there is still a gap. There are still companies who have not kept up with work trends and could be considered “butt-in-seat” employers.
This resistance by some companies to flexible work has prompted the creation of 1 Million for Work Flexibility, a national initiative advocating for broader adoption of work flexibility. Further, some cities have introduced legislation that makes local companies adopt more flexible work policies.
The initiative raises awareness around the benefits of flexible work. Part of that includes communicating about legislation that is in place around this issue.
“1 Million for Work Flexibility doesn’t endorse or lobby for any specific legislation,” said Emma Plumb, Director of 1 Million for Work Flexibility. “However, one of our goals is to expand awareness around work flexibility policy and proposals nationwide. While folks might have different opinions on how laws in this area (if any) should look, even just proposed legislation in this area is a sure sign that flexibility is part of the general conversation, which is a positive step towards change.”
Read more here about legislation in your state around flexible work.
If nearly half our workforce is able to arrange for flexible work policies, then why is it taking so long to make this the norm? Even worse, why do we need legislation to guide the way?
“Part of the reason for the slow progression is simply that change is hard,” shared Plumb. “But a crucial piece of the puzzle is that work flexibility has tended to be stuck in the realm of human resource departments, or management theory. We need everyone to be talking about how work doesn’t work anymore and more importantly, how we can fix it.”
1 Million for Work Flexibility shares stories and experiences on their blog to help encourage other employers to make the change. At the root of it all, they are advocating for something that should be part of the framework of most of the American workforce.
“Flexibility is a need, not a nice-to-have,” said Plumb. “I wouldn’t be working at all if I couldn’t work from home and the reality is many people aren’t working because they don’t have access to the flex they need. With that in mind, the list of who needs flex is long. In fact, it’s hard to find anyone who doesn’t need it for some reason or other. All of those reasons are valid, whether it’s the parent who needs to attend an afternoon parent/teacher conference, the caregiver who needs to help his aging relative get to a doctor’s appointment, the military spouse who faces regular moves, the athlete who’s training for competition, the millennial who wants to volunteer in her community, or the night-owl who’s still half asleep at 9 AM.”
“Companies that employ remote workforces don’t have to maintain expensive facilities and if they choose their remote workers carefully and build an effective workplace culture that supports their offsite team, they don’t have to sacrifice quality or group cohesiveness in exchange for that massive savings,” said Shannon Miles, CEO & co-founder of BELAY, a virtual services company.
“Remote workers gain more control over their lives and schedules,” Miles continues. “They don’t have to deal with commuting, which currently wastes billions of hours a year in the U.S., or incur the expenses associated with traveling to work. People who work from home often have flexible schedules that allow them to be more available to their families, so they can care for young children and assist older family members.”
BELAY operates as a 100% remote company because of many of the reasons Miles listed above. Remote companies often catch the eye of millennial candidates as they search for the right fit for their lifestyle.
Millennials may have the easiest time adapting to a work environment where they need to collaborate and communication across technology tools, simply because they have experienced this in school.
“I do feel that it is easier to work virtually for me than some because of the technology that was available to me when I was growing up and throughout my education,” said Laina Moore, IT Manager and millennial employee at BELAY. “I got my Business Degree 100% virtually. Throughout college I lived at home and worked full time. My classes, and assignments where 100% online. It was there I learned how to utilize technology to give myself freedom, all while attending school. I learned how to be accountable on my own, how to prioritize my work, and also how to leverage ever-changing technology to continue to grow my knowledge and skills.”
Employers shouldn’t scoff at legislation that encourages flexible work. In fact, they should embrace it with open arms as candidates and employees everywhere desire the ability to work effectively on their own terms.
Millennials are especially valuable to employers that allow flexible work, because they know how to create the kind of structure and valued relationships remotely that in the past were only found across a conference room table or cubicle wall.
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099abb99a0c988f28a71329934dfe135 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kaytiezimmerman/2017/08/20/a-job-that-pays-the-bills-is-not-enough-for-millennials/ | Why A Job That Pays The Bills Is Not Enough For Millennials | Why A Job That Pays The Bills Is Not Enough For Millennials
Earlier generations, which were formed by families that had lived through the Great Depression, have had a different approach to work than millennials today. A scarcity mindset in previous generations drove employees to be satisfied with a job that paid their bills.
Today, some millennials are often more likely to prefer a lower income and career satisfaction than a high paying job they hate. Why? Millennials are values driven.
Millennials Are Values Driven
According to a recent Capital One survey, 93% of respondents think that it’s important that their career path aligns with their personal values (i.e. personal interests, beliefs or issues they find important).
When it boils down to the most important parts of a job, millennials want to show up to work with their whole heart, not just the part that needs to eat avocado toast every day.
“I have seen many millennials who want to have an immediate impact on the world, but they are not realizing that the impact will come as they deepen into themselves and their role and the relationship with those around them and on their team,” said Megan Lathrop, Money Relationship Expert & Lead Certified Money Coach at Capital One, a bank holding company.
It’s possible that this is the hidden secret to career happiness that millennials don’t stick around long enough to discover. They job hop so quickly sometimes that they don’t give their job a fair chance to fulfill their passion.
Millennials Can’t Handle A Job That Doesn’t Fit Their Values
The Capital One survey found that 77% of respondents said that at some point in their career, they’ve taken a job that didn’t align with their career values (i.e. their career interests, ambitions or long-term goals).
Further, only 24% of respondents reported that when they first started out in their career, they took a job that was both in their desired field and aligned with their career values and goals.
If you are looking for a summary, it is this: most people have had a job they did not like or agree with, but worked the job to pay the bills. However, millennials settle for this the least. They often get by, but are likely already searching for a new job or building up a side hustle that does align with their values.
“I believe in a balance of commitment (which is a more common trait in previous generations), and that with time, a deeper purpose will come through,” said Lathrop. “But don't stick around too long if it’s not working well for you and sell your soul if it's not a fit (which also has been more common in previous generations). If you commit to the job, it can possibly turn into something more over time as you shape it with your employer, team, etc.”
In many areas of career advice, some of the best nuggets can be found when one strives for balance. In a way, there’s a balance millennials must strike between taking a job that allows them to support themselves and pay off student loan debt, while also recognizing that their current job is not the only possibility to make a living, whether working in ones area of interest and values or not.
Money Is Often To Blame
The survey found that of those who reported taking a job that did not align with their career values when first starting out, 60% said they were motivated to get a job quickly for financial reasons.
Millennials are debt ridden, so much so that companies are now offering student loan repayment assistance as an employee benefit. Beyond a heavy debt load, millennials are taking on the financial commitments of adulthood, while many are of age to become parents, which carries an even deeper financial burden. It’s hard to think about aligning your values to your job when you have to provide for your family.
“Our relationships with our careers and with our money are closely intertwined, and in order to feel creative and pursue our passions, it’s important to feel secure about our basic day-to-day financial needs,” said Lathrop.
Following passion and values is often not a clear and quick path. It is best pursued when stability is your basis and you have room to grow.
“Solidify your earning potential first,” said Tracey C. Jones, Author of ‘A Message To Millennials’ and President of Tremendous Leadership, a motivational and leadership company. “If you aren’t able to fund yourself, you really haven’t entered the independent stage. Every mission, no matter how altruistic, has to be monetized. I wanted to be a writer in college but realized that engineering was where the money was. Fast forward twenty years and I now run a publishing company where I get to write to my heart’s content, while sharing the incredible business lessons I learned and donate my profits to organizations near and dear to me.”
As Jones shared, if you are wise, patient and intentional, the path to finding a career or job that aligns with your values and passions is not only possible, but probable.
While you work on your plan to follow your values, know that you are not alone, since many other millennials have struggled or do currently struggle with this. The ones that jump ship too quickly are those that end up at the top of the wrong ladder. Consider your financial health before making any decisions and know that where you are today isn’t where you have to be tomorrow.
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db024992f667ae3455dc61aa6b6769a2 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2014/09/15/takata-air-bag-recall-could-dwarf-gm-and-toyota-recalls/ | Takata Air Bag Recall Could Dwarf GM and Toyota Recalls | Takata Air Bag Recall Could Dwarf GM and Toyota Recalls
When over 10 million Toyota vehicles were recalled between 2009 and 2011 for problems related to "unintended acceleration" it created quite the media storm. The nature of the recalls, along with a tragic 911 recording of pedal entrapment (followed by high-profile government hearings) had a negative short-term impact on Toyota's reputation. Then, beginning in February of 2014, a series of recalls related to GM ignition switches in several million vehicles created a similar media frenzy, though the damage to GM's reputation appears somewhat muted by comparison. The level of controversy surrounding both GM's and Toyota's recalls was driven by three key factors:
A large number of vehicles Multiple injuries and fatalities A history of incidents suggesting NHTSA and the automakers should have identified the problem years earlier
These similarities are worth noting because we are on the threshold of yet another massive automotive recall. This one includes the same three elements listed above, and it will likely result in the same series of post-recall events (heightened media attention, government hearings and damaged reputations). This recall is focused on air bags produced by Takata that have malfunctioned during deployment, sending shrapnel flying through the passenger cabin. Multiple injuries and fatalities have been linked to these air bag malfunctions, and an article published on September 11, 2014 in The New York Times chronicles the events leading up to the recall of 14 million vehicles produced by 11 manufacturers between 2000 and 2011. You can see my September 15th interview discussing this topic with Pimm Fox on Bloomberg.
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If one reads through the recall documents available on the NHTSA website it's clear every manufacturer involved in this recall is willing to comply with NHTSA's suggested "regional field action." The field action, issued on June 11, 2014, calls for the replacement of air bags in certain vehicles located in Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. On that same date (June 11, 2014) NHTSA opened an investigation to determine what is causing these air bags to spray potentially deadly fragments at drivers and passengers when the air bags deploy.
While this recall is similar to the GM and Toyota recalls there are some important differences. First, the recall is (so far) regional in nature. It only applies to vehicles in specific locations because the nature of the air bag problem appears climate related. Takata is claiming only high humidity will cause the air bags to deteriorate and eventually malfunction. Yet one of the fatalities linked to Takata air bags (shrapnel from the air bag cut a women, causing her to bleed to death) occurred in Richmond, Virginia in 2009. That same year another women was killed in a minor accident in Oklahoma from an exploding Takata air bag. Another air bag incident, also involving hot plastic and metal shrapnel, occurred in Los Angeles just three months ago. The first reported injury related to shrapnel from a Takata air bag deployment took place in 2004 -- in Alabama. None of these locations are part of NHTSA's June "field action" (NHTSA's documents don't label this action a recall, and every manufacturer response letter clearly noted that no "safety defect" determination has been made).
Second, like many recalls this one involves an automotive supplier. But unlike the GM or Toyota recalls, this one centers on a standardized component for which the automakers have minimal direct involvement in designing. All air bags must meet specific parameters to comply with government regulations, which means they are treated as a fairly generic part. The automakers and Takata have to agree to basic dimensions and packaging, but after that it's up to Takata to produce the air bags while the automakers provide appropriate space and mounting points. It's this standardized system that allows the same basic air bag to go into so many vehicles from multiple manufacturers over several years. That's good from a cost reduction standpoint, but if there's ever a problem with a standardized part the problem can easily involve millions of vehicles.
It's always particularly troubling when a device designed to save lives is taking them. Air bags have faced multiple challenges since the government first mandated them on all vehicles produced after September 1, 1999. The excessive force of early air bags caused several fatalities, with children and small women being the primary victims. Updated, dual-stage air bags were supposed to address the issue, though regulations still require front air bags to fire with the necessary force to save an unbelted adult male.
Plenty of unanswered questions about shrapnel-related injuries and fatalities remain, which is arguably the most disturbing aspect of this situation. A series of past recalls by various manufacturers hasn't solved the problem, and suggestions that only humid climates are at risk seem spurious at best. Humidity may speed up the process, but does anyone really think an air bag problem in Puerto Rico today will never affect a vehicle in Arizona or West Texas? What if you live in Arizona but spend your summers in Florida?
Given the number of unexploded air bags roaming our streets let's hope NHTSA, Takata and the automakers find all the answers. Fast.
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39a907a211ebfeee4748e3546efdfc25 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2014/11/03/2015-mercedes-benz-sprinter-high-tech-safety-and-luxury-for-van-buyers/ | 2015 Mercedes-Benz Sprinter: High-Tech Safety and Luxury, for Van Buyers | 2015 Mercedes-Benz Sprinter: High-Tech Safety and Luxury, for Van Buyers
Photo: Mercedes-Benz
Most Americans don't think of Mercedes-Benz as a producer of commercial vans, even with the U.S. introduction of the Sprinter nameplate 13 years ago. Of course that was under the "Freightliner" brand, a division of Daimler AG that began as an American truck in the 1930s before Daimler bought it in 1981. In 2003 these vans were rebadged as Dodge Sprinters, reflecting their role in the DaimlerChrysler merger. Of course that arrangement didn't work out so well, and by 2010 Sprinters were being sold in the U.S. under the Mercedes-Benz brand...and also as Freightliners...again. Confused? Don't worry about it. Just remember that while the Sprinter's naming convention has changed frequently over the past decade the process of buying a new 2015 model is simple and straightforward. Today you can order a new Sprinter van from one of 200 Mercedes-Benz dealerships or one of 57 Freightliner dealerships throughout the U.S. The only difference between a Freightliner Sprinter and Mercedes-Benz Sprinter is the exterior badging and the front grille, everything else is the same.
It's a good time to be in light-duty vans, as the market has grown 15.5 percent this year. Much of that growth has been driven by new models from Ford, Nissan and Ram, though Mercedes-Benz is holding up well in the face of increased competition. Sprinter sales are up 19 percent and Claus Tritt, Mercedes-Benz' General Manager of Operations for Commercial Vans in the U.S., told us the average van in this segment is 11 years olds. That, plus a growing economy, has the German automaker convinced there will be a lot of van replacements going on in the coming years. This is why Mercedes-Benz has substantially updated the Sprinter over the past 12 months. In 2014 it got a new front-end design, a new standard engine (2.1-liter, 4-cylinder diesel), a new audio head unit with a 5.8-inch screen and standard Bluetooth technology, plus standard load-adaptive ESP to compensate for trailer weight. An extended warranty (up to 125,000 miles), a prepaid maintenance plan and a certified pre-owned program were also introduced for 2014, as was optional blind spot assist, lane keeping assist, collision prevention assist and high beam assist.
Those technologies put Sprinter ahead of the curve in the world of light duty vans, but Mercedes-Benz didn't stop there. For 2015 the automaker upped the segment ante with a 4x4 option (only on V6 models), a new "Super High Roof" configuration and increased service intervals of up to 20,000 miles. Given the commercial duty most of these vans serve that last item could be the most valuable for target customers. Longer service intervals mean reduced maintenance costs, and that adds up quickly when you're operating a fleet. There's also a new, segment-first Crosswind Assist technology for 2015 that dramatically reduces lane drift in high wind situations. Mercedes-Benz reps told us the guiding Sprinter's principles are safety, ergonomics, engineering and excellent build quality (which translates into lower ownership costs). These are all areas where Mercedes-Benz can lean on its luxury car side to quickly (and cost-effectively) inject advanced features, keeping the competition scrambling while giving Sprinter salesmen some compelling talking points.
For van buyers looking to carry people, cargo, or both, there are a multitude of 2015 Mercedes-Benz (or Freightliner) Sprinter options to consider. The starting point is one of five models: Cab Chassis, Cargo, Crew, MiniBus and Passenger. The Cab Chassis is a basic two-door cab with an exposed chassis, capable of accepting a range of box shapes and sizes for commercial duty. The Sprinter Cargo van is what you'd expect, two seats ahead of a windowless body meant for hauling cargo. In contrast, the Sprinter Passenger Van is oriented toward carrying as many passengers as possible, with up to four rows and 12 seats available. The Sprinter Minibus ups passenger capacity to between 14 and 18 (depending on wheelbase and roof height) while the Sprinter Crew is meant to serve both people and cargo duty, offering seating for up to five plus substantial cargo volume of between 144 and 277 cubic feet (also depending on wheelbase and roof height). These body styles combine with two wheelbase options (144-inch, 170-inch), three Gross Vehicle Weight Ratings (8,550 lbs, 9,990 lbs, 11,000 lbs) and three roof heights (standard, high and super high), depending on which Sprinter style is chosen.
All of these Sprinters are powered by one of two drivetrains. The standard 2.1-liter, 4-cylinder turbo diesel makes 161 horsepower and 266 pound-feet of torque. It's connected to a 7-speed automatic transmission that offers nearly 30 mpg, depending on configuration, load and driving style. Mercedes-Benz reps admitted they were worried about introducing such a small displacement engine in the U.S. market, however since it's launch for the 2014 model year it has been well received for its combination of power and fuel efficiency. We drove several 4-cylinder Sprinters and found them to be quick and fully capable of motivating the van. The Sprinter's starting price, for a base Cargo model with the 4-cylinder, is $36,990. For an additional $985 Mercedes-Benz offers an optional 3.0-liter V6 turbo diesel, making 188 horsepower and 325 pound-feet of torque. It comes attached to a 5-speed automatic transmission and can achieve 24.9 mpg on the highway, according to company reps. It feels stronger than the 4-cylinder, as expected, so if you plan on utizling a Sprinter's GVWRs regularly, go for the V6.
It's worth noting that while all U.S. Sprinters are built in Dusseldorf, Germany, some of them are also rebuilt in Ladson, South Carolina. The light-duty truck tax, or Chicken Tax, that went into effect 50 years ago actually makes it cheaper for Mercedes-Benz to build the Cargo and Cab Chassis Sprinters in Dusseldorf, then disassemble them before loading the components on ships bound for the U.S. When they get to America they are re-assembled at Mercedes' facility in Ladson, thus avoiding the 25 percent tariff charged on all imported light-duty trucks. The other item to keep in mind is how many Sprinter "upfitters" exist in the U.S. to modify these vans once they leave the dealership. Similar to how a lack of "apps" can torpedo an otherwise capable mobile phone or tablet, a lack of aftermarket companies willing to "upfit" Sprinters with custom interior and exterior functions would put the vans at a huge disadvantage. Mercedes-Benz knows this, and they've established more than 80 preferred upfitters throughout the U.S., including such well known brands as Airstream, Coachmen RV, Medix (for ambulance duty) and Winnebago.
Mercedes-Benz sold over 270,000 vans worldwide last year, along with over 484,000 trucks of various sizes and capabilities. Yet most Americans still think of it as a luxury car company, and some would argue a brand like Mercedes-Benz should embrace its U.S. identity rather than risk confusing the issue with a line of light-duty Sprinter vans. But Daimler AG knows there's huge profit potential in truck sales, especially if the automaker can spread its technology R&D costs across a wide range of car, truck and van lines. With so much fresh product in this segment there's no predicting where each brand's market share will settle over the next two years, but for small business owners looking to upgrade their aging fleet it must feel like a renaissance.
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27f9b5695d9a9e818d3f00b89fa49d6d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2015/02/02/2015-chevrolet-corvette-z06-top-10-reasons-shatters-supercar-category/ | 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06: Top 10 Reasons it Shatters the Supercar Category | 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06: Top 10 Reasons it Shatters the Supercar Category
Even in the Golden Age of Automobiles we’re currently enjoying it’s rare for one car to get so many things so right. Yes, cars are better than ever, and not just in terms of performance or efficiency or safety or technology, but in terms of providing all of those things in a comprehensive package at a (relatively) low price. Yet as good as cars are these days, and despite the elevated expectations modern car buyers have as a result, the 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 shatters even the high standards set for 21st century sports cars. The performance capabilities offered by the new Corvette Z06 are truly astonishing, though not completely unexpected. What sets the car apart is how these automotive superpowers are merged with a roster of luxury and high-tech features one might expect in exotic cars costing $200,000-plus dollars. At less than half that price the 2015 Corvette Z06 offers a performance pedigree unmatched in the modern automotive world. If you're an automotive enthusiast, welcome to the next level of street and track capabilities -- available in a highly attainable package.
Between the all-new C7 Corvette introduced last year and the all-new Z06 version introduced this year Chevrolet has dramatically upped the Corvette's capabilities while also exploding consumer interest in America's sports car. User traffic to the Corvette pages at Kelley Blue Book has more than doubled in the the past two years. Let's look at the Top 10 reasons the 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06 is helping drive this interest while setting a new benchmark in sports car performance.
1. V8 Engine As Engineering Marvel: The supercharged 6.2-liter V8 engine under the Corvette’s louvered hood makes 650 horsepower and 650 pound-feet of torque. Those numbers combine with its 3,524-pound curb weight to deliver zero-to-60 in either 2.95 seconds or 3.2 seconds, depending on transmission choice. It also clears the quarter mile in either 10.95 or 11.2 seconds at 127 mph. As a rear-wheel drive car costing less than $100,000, those are amazing numbers.
2. Lightning Quick 8-Speed Automatic: The quickest acceleration times come from the new 8-speed automatic (a 7-speed manual comes standard). General Motors developed this transmission in-house, and it cracks off upshifts and downshifts quicker than Porsche ’s 7-speed dual-clutch PDK. It’s also lighter than the outgoing 6-speed automatic it replaces. EPA numbers peg the automatic Z06 at 13 city and 29 highway mpg while the 7-speed manual earns 17 city and 29 highway mpg (and avoids the $1,300 gas guzzler tax you'll have to pay with the auto).
3. The Top Pops, or Drops: The aluminum chassis is 20 percent stiffer than the previous-generation, fixed-roof Z06, even with the carbon fiber roof panel removed (it’s 60 percent stiffer with the panel installed). And for the first time since 1963 a convertible version of the Z06 is also available, reflecting advances in metallurgy and engineering to create a suitably stiff frame with an open roof. The convertible top can be lowered remotely with the key fob, or while on the go at up to 30 mph. Adding to the Z06’s ride and handling capabilities is GM’s third-generation Magnetic Selective Ride Control. This is one of the most advanced shock damping systems on the planet (good enough for Ferrari to lease the technology from GM) and it comes standard on the Z06.
4. Racing Tires for the Street: Michelin engineered two tire options for the 2015 Z06. The standard Pilot Super Sport ZPs are sized 285/30ZR19 in front and 335/25ZR20 in back. A Z06 with the Z07 performance option gets Pilot Sport Cup 2 ZP tires in the same size, but with an aggressive compound that allows for 1.2 lateral Gs, 60-to-0 braking in under 100 feet and the previously-mentioned acceleration numbers. Both tires also offer superior tread wear and lower rolling resistance than previous performance tires with less traction.
5. Body Mods: Those tires are 1.5 inches wider up front and 2 inches wider in back than the standard Corvette, but the Z06’s body is 2.2 inches wider in front and 3.15 inches wider in back. An optional carbon-fiber aero package adds a front splitter and rear spoiler to create downforce at high speeds, while the Z07 package adds a larger, more aggressive front splitter and transparent rear spoiler to create additional downforce. GM has tested a lot of vehicles in its wind tunnel, and not all of them GM products, but the 2015 Z06 generates more downforce than any production vehicle the automaker has ever tested. The car also has a host of enhanced cooling ducts compared to the standard C7 Corvette. Chevrolet engineers wanted to reduce heat soak issues for key components, including the engine's 1.7-liter supercharger that spins up to 20,000 rpm. The standard 14.6-inch front brake rotors and 14.4-inch rear brake rotors can be upgraded to 15.5-inch front and 15.3-inch rear carbon ceramic rotors, with both systems benefitting from dedicated brake cooling ducts.
6. Advanced Driver Aids: The standard C7 Corvette includes five driver modes (Weather, Eco, Tour, Sport and Track) that alter steering, throttle, transmission, suspension, exhaust and stability control settings. The Z06 adds a standard electronic limited slip differential that constantly measures available traction and varies its torque coupling to maximize grip for each rear tire. Other features, like launch control and performance traction management can be accessed when in “Track” mode. Best of all, every driver aid can be turned completely off at any time.
7. Performance Data Recorder: Tearing up your local racetrack is good, but showing off in front of your friends is better. You can do both with the Z06’s Performance Data Recorder, which combines a front-mounted, high-definition camera with GPS technology and telemetry data to record lap times, speed, engine RPM, throttle position, braking effort, lateral Gs and other performance factors. It’s Gran Turismo (or Forza, if you prefer) meets real life.
8. No Excuses Interior: For years Corvettes could accurately be described as offering superb performance at a reasonable price…as long as you didn’t mind an atrocious interior. Hard plastic panels and flaccid chairs were the order of the day for decades. The C7 Corvette addressed that issue with soft-touch materials and supportive seats. The Z06 adds a flat-bottom steering wheel and optional Competition Sport Bucket Seats built on magnesium frames and available with Napa leather. Aluminum, carbon fiber and soft-touch leather are either standard or optional and cover nearly every cabin surface.
9. Personalized Performance: The Z06’s lush interior is available in five different colors while the exterior can be painted one of 10 colors and paired with four wheel designs. Tech toys, including a navigation system, multicolor heads-up display, heated and ventilated seats, a 10-speaker Bose audio system and a 4G wifi hotspot are all available. This is in addition to choosing a coupe or convertible with a manual or automatic transmission. You could spend hours playing with the Z06’s online configurator. And if you’re thinking of buying one, you should.
10. Supercar with Super Value: As stated earlier, the 2015 Chevrolet Corvette Z06’s real magic comes as much from its price as its performance. There are less than 10 production cars that can outgun it, and all of them cost considerably more than the $78,995 starting price for the coupe ($83,995 for the convertible). I configured a Laguna Blue convertible with Kalahari leather and every possible option (including customized luggage, a car cover and Corvette Museum delivery) and the price was $114,935. This car is a screaming performance bargain (with one of the best V8 exhaust screams you’ll ever hear).
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7d835f7c6258e1dd9932b63749d86e58 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2016/01/18/hondas-new-civic-coupe-built-and-sold-on-hondas-green-path/ | Honda's New Civic Coupe, Built And Sold On Honda's Green Path | Honda's New Civic Coupe, Built And Sold On Honda's Green Path
Honda’s 10th generation Civic continues its 18-month roll out, with the Coupe recently launched at Honda’s Advanced Design Studio in Downtown Los Angeles. The Coupe is the second release in the new Civic lineup, following the sedan and ahead of the 5-door hatchback, plus the Si and Type R performance trims. The Civic Coupe features what Honda calls “wheels out” proportions, with all four wheels pushed out toward the corners of the platform. This new design gives the car a 2.9-inch longer wheelbase and a stance widened by 1.9 inches, bumping interior space by 8.4 cubic feet versus the last generation coupe. Its seating position has also been improved, with occupants sitting lower in the car to provide a more planted feeling.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Like the new Civic sedan that launched in October, the Coupe is offered with two engine choices, a 2-liter DOHC i-VTEC engine with 158 horsepower, and a 1.5-liter DOHC direct-injected turbocharged engine with 174 horsepower. This is the first turbocharged powerplant for the Civic, and adds 31 horsepower and 33 pound-feet of torque compared to the outgoing model’s naturally aspirated 1.8-liter engine. While these latest improvements in technology and design should help the Civic be a benchmark in the compact car segment, Honda's newest manufacturing process is also impressive and forward-thinking.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
If you’ve ever been in a U.S. spec Honda there’s a good chance it was built here. In fact, in 2014 97% of all Honda and Acura vehicles sold in the U.S. were manufactured in North America. Honda has been building cars on this continent for over 30 years, during which the automaker has always maintained a commitment to the environment. From the development of its low emissions Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion (CVCC) engine in 1971, which could satisfy emissions requirements without the use of a catalytic converter, to its modern fuel cell and electric vehicles, Honda’s list of eco-innovations is lengthy, and expanding.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
The latest iteration of Honda’s eco-friendly stance has resulted in an evolution of the way it manufactures vehicles. Honda’s entire process, from research and development to sales and operations, has been optimized to reduce environmental impact. Honda calls this the “Green Path” approach. The “Green Path” consists of manufacturing guidelines, like reducing and eliminating substances of concern (SOCs) in vehicles. It also includes keeping manufacturing waste out of landfills and using clean sources of energy. A primary (voluntary) goal of these efforts is to help Honda reduce its total greenhouse gas emissions by 50 percent by the year 2050 (versus year 2000 levels).
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Research & Development is the first step in building a car, and the company's environmental efforts start there. Honda has three primary goals in the R&D process: to eliminate or greatly reduce substances of concern in its vehicles, maximize the recyclability of its vehicles, and eliminate the use of scarce materials such as Rhodium, Palladium and Platinum in its cars (three non-earth-friendly materials typically used as catalyzers). Honda has made significant progress in this area, with 90 percent recyclable materials used in its modern vehicles.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda also focuses on energy efficiency and waste reduction as it relates to vehicle manufacturing. Less than one-half of 1% of Honda's production waste ends up in a landfill thanks to massive recycling efforts within its manufacturing plants. Large recycling bins are stationed throughout the facility to collect everything from paper to styrofoam to various types of plastics.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
The of hydrogen fuel cell technology to power forklifts within these production plants is another example of Honda's efforts. Using Hydrogen not only reduces the carbon footprint of the overall production process, it also makes the air within the plant cleaner to breathe, with water as the only exhaust element produced by these forklifts.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda also uses two wind turbines to help provide green power to one of its plants; these turbines generate 10,000 megawatt hours of electricity annually, which is enough to power 1,000 households for a year.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Painting a vehicle can generate a great deal of airborne pollution during the manufacturing process. The pollutants are Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) released into the atmosphere as the applied paint cures. At its manufacturing facility in Marysville, Ohio, Honda is investing $210 million into a new paint facility to create a new high efficiency paint curing process. This will greatly reduce VOC emissions and the facility will also feature “dry-booth” paint technology to catch overspray. The new “dry booth” technology no longer requires water to capture stray paint particles, eliminating the paint sludge byproduct of water-based paint re-capture. The end result will be a 66 percent reduction in the amount of VOCs generated by painting cars, and an 18 percent reduction in paint related CO2 emissions.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
After assembly these models must be shipped to dealerships. The logistics of transporting hundreds of thousands of vehicles annually can generate a substantial carbon footprint. To counter this Honda uses a combination of fuel efficient methods to transport cars, ranging from load maximizing tri-level railcars (instead of semi-trucks), to promoting the use of natural gas powered trucks for its shipping partners. Honda now ships roughly 80 percent of its vehicles by train; and these rail shipments are four times more efficient than truck transports. According to Honda, rail transport of its vehicles equates to a 60-80 percent reduction in CO2 emissions compared to truck transport.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda’s “Green Path” extends all the way to its dealerships, where many have taken the initiative to conserve by using more energy-efficient lighting and climate control systems. This includes incorporating rainwater collection systems and solar energy. Across the nation, Honda has more than 300 dealers participating in its “Green Dealer” program. Since the program’s inception in 2012, 11 dealerships have received awards for cutting their energy use by at least 50 percent, and one Honda dealer became the nation’s first electric-grid neutral new car dealership. This dealership is able to produce more energy from its on-site solar panels than it takes from the utility grid.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda’s commitment to continuing its role as a champion for the environment is evident in the lifecycle planning of its products, from the moment they are designed, built and shipped to the dealership to the point they are eventually recycled. Through its actions, Honda has shown it is serious about evolving with the times. Remember, these efforts to reduce environmental impact have been voluntary, which makes the capability of its performance vehicles that much easier to enjoy, guilt-free.
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769cc1464aa3938ca48661b4359e493e | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2016/07/27/2017-honda-accord-hybrid-a-refreshed-challenger-has-arrived/ | 2017 Honda Accord Hybrid: A Refreshed Challenger Has Arrived | 2017 Honda Accord Hybrid: A Refreshed Challenger Has Arrived
The Honda Accord gets 49 MPG in the city? I’ve been a big fan of the popular mid-size sedan for years, but I never considered it a viable rival to the Toyota Prius — the go-to vehicle for today’s hypermiler. That is, until I recently drove the 2017 Honda Accord Hybrid.
The Honda Accord has played a significant role in defining and growing the popular midsized sedan segment for the last few decades. The Japanese company recently celebrated the 40th birthday of its Accord, a celebration of nine generations of vehicles built to deliver fuel efficiency and innovation.
Coincidentally, the refreshed 2017 Honda Accord Hybrid also launched this year ― a model that represents the pinnacle of the iconic sedan’s fuel efficiency and innovation. According to Kelley Blue Book’s Brand Watch study, positive consumer perceptions of fuel efficiency for Honda as a brand have been growing over the past few years. Without question, offerings such as the Accord Hybrid help cultivate these perceptions.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
The 2017 model year welcomed many improvements to the Accord Hybrid. Most visible are the styling updates to its exterior, which include a revised front and rear fascia. The changes give the front of the vehicle a more pronounced and expressive grille, which are complemented with additional brightwork that adds sophistication to the rear of the car. Energy efficient LED daytime running lights (DRL), fog lights and taillights are standard, as are the Hybrid exclusive blue accents on the grille, headlight and taillight housings. Additionally, the car is differentiated by a revised color palette featuring four new colors that are reserved only for the Hybrid model.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
The Accord has always been one of the sportier vehicles in the midsize sedan segment, and even though it wears a “green” label, the Hybrid features several elements that continue to bolster that trend. To improve body rigidity, reduced weight, and increase durability, over half of the unibody of the Accord Hybrid is constructed using high-strength steel (17 percent being ultra-high strength). An aluminum hood helps to further shed weight from the front of the car, while re-tuned Amplitude Reactive Dampers (innovative suspension technology) and new control logic for the electrically assisted power steering help to improve overall driving feel as well as vehicle response.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
The revised powertrain is the big story on the 2017 Accord Hybrid. The previous generation Accord Hybrid was the first implementation of Honda’s two-motor Intelligent Multi-Mode Drive (i-MMD) hybrid system. It worked well, but the company’s engineers were able to make improvements. Most notably, the physical size and weight of the system components have been reduced ― the lithium-ion battery shrank over 30 percent, resulting in an additional cubic foot of trunk space compared to the previous model.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Consumers will note that the improved system delivers class-leading fuel economy ratings of 49 MPG city/47 MPG highway/48 MPG combined (the previous-gen Accord Hybrid was EPA-rated at 50 MPG in the city, but Honda points out that the new numbers are based on more accurate, and realistic, EPA guidelines).
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Horsepower is not a number that typically improves with increased fuel economy, but Honda has increased the total system output to 212 horsepower, an increase of 16 horses compared to the outgoing model. The Accord’s 2.0-liter Atkinson cycle gasoline engine now develops 143 horsepower with 129 pound-feet of torque while the electric motor is rated at 181 horsepower and 232 pound-feet of torque. (The total system horsepower of 212 is measured as the peak, concurrent output of the electric motors and gasoline engine.)
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda’s Intelligent Multi-Mode Drive (i-MMD) Hybrid system allows the Accord Hybrid to shift between three drive modes: EV Drive, Hybrid Drive, and Engine Drive. These modes work in concert to ensure that the Accord can efficiently provide power no matter the driving speed or situation. EV Drive provides ample electric power for the Accord during starts and light cruising. In Hybrid Drive mode, the gasoline engine works to feed an electric generator tied to the electric motor, supplementing the battery pack. When the car reaches higher speeds, Engine Drive mode activates a lock-up clutch that effectively sends power from the engine directly to the drive wheels. This direct drive system is highly efficient and does not require the use of a traditional transmission, further enhancing fuel economy.
Photo Courtesy American Honda
Honda’s pursuit of efficiency and innovation is advancing at an extremely rapid pace. It is not often that a powertrain will be significantly upgraded within the span of one vehicle generation; yet Honda has accomplished precisely that ― and done so with a highly sophisticated Hybrid system.
The approach that Honda has taken with the Accord Hybrid is not unlike its pioneering VTEC engines of the early 90’s, which delivered horsepower and economy with small displacement. Similar innovative thinking has allowed Honda’s engineers to improve its impressive hybrid system in the 2017 Accord Hybrid by a whole letter grade — and now, it appears that the one that started it all, the Toyota Prius, has a new challenger.
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dd3c1972235a0cdbd9e17039aaee2ee8 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2018/05/14/2019-acura-rdx-latest-take-on-an-old-problem-how-to-control-the-display-screen/ | 2019 Acura RDX Is The Latest Take On An Old Problem: How To Control The Display Screen? | 2019 Acura RDX Is The Latest Take On An Old Problem: How To Control The Display Screen?
Debuting at the 2018 Detroit Auto Show, Acura's all-new RDX looks good American Honda
Acura's all-new 2019 RDX debuted in January at the Detroit Auto Show. This model will sit dead center in the hottest luxury vehicle segment -- midsize SUVs. Is it an overstatement to say a luxury brand in today's ultra-competitive market can live or die on the success of its midsize SUV? No. The stakes with every modern luxury SUV, including the new Acura RDX, are high. The good news for Acura is that the outgoing RDX remains a top seller, and the new one looks better in every way. The interior and exterior styling should give Acura's RDX some distinctiveness in a field of largely anonymous design excercies, and the specs on everything from its drivetrain to its interior dimensions suggests class-leading potential.
The True Touchpad uses "absolute positioning" to make it more intuitive American Honda
Some recent seat time in an RDX gave me perspective on its seat comfort, driving dynamics and overall user controls, but my focus was on Acura's all-new control interface, dubbed the True Touchpad. The idea behind True Touchpad is to place the display screen as close to the driver's line of sight as possible while placing the control interface as close to the driver's hand as possible. Doing this means swapping screen touch control for a pad on the center console because the screen is too high and far away for the driver to reach. Lexus took the same approach a few years ago and the results have been...well, mixed at best. In a world where mouse control has increasingly given way touchscreen control the True Touchpad design might seem like a backwards step.
The 10.2-inch display screen is located just below the windshield American Honda
Acura pushes back on this assessment with an industry-first touchpad design based on "absolute positioning." That's a fancy term for having the touchpad exactly mirror the 10.2-inch high-definition screen in terms of where your fingers are positioned. In other systems the user must scroll an active cursor across the screen to select items, but with True Touchpad you can, for example, access the lower left item by pressing the lower left part of the touchpad. There's no need to cycle a cursor through each item, you just press where the item is located and it responds. The screen also features dual screen zones, a main zone on the left and smaller zone on the right, that can both be quickly accessed and controlled with the True Touchpad design.
An effective driver interface has proven difficult, but Acura's True Touchpad shows promise American Honda
Our brief seat time in the 2019 Acura RDX confirmed this system is more effective than the touchpad interface in other luxury cars. It takes some getting used to because you're still looking at the screen up high while controlling it with your fingers down low. But the goal of keeping your eyes as close to the road as possible when looking at the screen has been accomplished. And the goal of controlling that screen without your hand bumping and swaying as you aim for specific items on it, a challenge that mars every other touchscreen interface in a moving vehicle, is solved with the True Touchpad. More seat time may potentially uncover more issues, but as of now this looks like a step forward, not back, in the increasingly complicated world of high-tech control interfaces.
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4bf73711779b22ef5aa891a00635a38f | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2019/08/05/2020-lamborghini-huracan-evo-spyder-supercars-still-drive-this-supercar-brand/ | 2020 Lamborghini Huracan Evo Spyder: Supercars Still Drive This Supercar Brand | 2020 Lamborghini Huracan Evo Spyder: Supercars Still Drive This Supercar Brand
The new 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder Automobil Lamborghini S.p.A.
New 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder starts at $287,400 Electrohydraulic soft top stores in 17 seconds at speeds up to 31 mph 631 horsepower V10 delivers zero-to-60 in 3.1 seconds New infotainment system with advanced connectivity features
Lamborghini keeps hitting new sales records, with worldwide deliveries nearly doubling for the first half of 2019. You might assume all the growth comes from a certain newly-introduced 5-door, 5-passenger model. But the reality is, over 40 percent of this growth comes from Lamborghini's traditional area of expertise: sports cars. Having just driven the latest version of the Lamborghini Huracán it's easy to understand why the brand is finding so much success.
Upgraded bodywork gives the new Evo Spyder increased downforce Kelley Blue Book
Every classic Lamborghini trait from the past 56 years is present in the new 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder. Actually, more than present, they dominate the driving experience. From its sleek, distinctive styling to its uncompromised power and advanced chassis, the latest Huracán brings together every engineering lesson Lamborghini has learned in producing modern supercars. This is particularly impressive given the previous Huracán's ability, in Performante trim, to set a new Nurburgring production car lap time.
A new Verde Selvans shade of green adds to the Evo's iconic appearance Kelley Blue Book
Given this sports car's unprecedented performance could there be much room left for improvement? The new Huracán Evo, in coupe or spyder form, is the answer to that question. It builds on the Performante's capabilities with the latest in Lamborghini Dinamica Veicolo Integrata (LDVI) software and processing power. This system coordinates the Huracán Evo's active suspension, all-wheel drive, 4-wheel steering, torque vectoring, steering wheel position, throttle application and braking input. A new 8.4-inch touchscreen in the Huracán Evo's center console allows drivers to monitor the LDVI's activity in real time.
The new LDVI display lets driver's monitor the system's activity in real time Kelley Blue Book
The 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder also features a new set of comprehensive accelerators and gyroscope sensors located at the car's center of gravity to monitor real-time lateral, longitudinal and vertical acceleration, along with the vehicle's roll, pitch and yaw. Dubbed Lamborghini Piattaforma Inerziale (LPI) version 2.0, it combines with a new magneto rheological suspension that Lamborghini says can instantly adjust damping rates based on feedback from the LPI system.
The premium cabin can be tight for drivers over 6 feet tall Kelley Blue Book
All this technical wizardry might create justifiable concern around the Huracán Evo Spyder's driver engagement. More computers doesn't necessarily mean more driver enjoyment -- quite the opposite in many circumstances. The 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder doesn't fall into this technology trap. The advanced driving systems work seamlessly in the background, enhancing (not anesthetizing) the driving experience. Lamborghini goes as far as saying the new Huracán Evo can, based on driver input, predict driver intention to deliver an even more confident driving experience.
The Huracán Evo's active gauge cluster changes form based on driver settings Kelley Blue Book
Using Lamborghini's ANIMA drive mode selector, located at the 6-o'clock position on the steering wheel, driver's can select Strada, Sport or Corsa mode to further specify the Huracán Evo Spyder's capabilities. "Strada" (Italian for street) is the Huracán's base mode, assuming one can realistically call access to a naturally-aspirated 5.2-liter, 631 horsepower V10 "base". In this mode throttle response feels casual, the V10's exhaust note is compelling and the suspension provides a taught-yet-comfortable ride quality. We did notice some hesitation to downshift from the 7-speed, dual-clutch transmission under light-to-moderate throttle application.
The Huracán Evo Spyder's V10 emits 631 horsepower and a glorious exhaust note Kelley Blue Book
But given the V10's broad torque band (it offers up to 442 pound-feet at 6,500 rpm) there's plenty of forward thrust even in higher gears. Switching the Huracán Evo Spyder's drive mode from "Strada" to "Sport" immediately alters the transmission's shift programming, throttle response, suspension tuning and the tone of the Huracán's exhaust note. Lamborghini representatives described this mode as "playful", making the Huracán Evo not only more performance minded but also more attuned to driver intention. We found this setting perfectly suited to maximum enjoyment on a twisty canyon road.
Top-down wind buffeting is kept to a minimum through effective aerodynamics Automobil Lamborghini S.p.A.
The Huracán Evo Spyder's most aggressive driver setting, "Corsa" (Italian for race) is meant for exactly what you'd imagine. In Corsa mode every vehicle setting is intended for performance efficiency at a race facility. Corsa can be used on public roads, but ride quality, transmission behavior and exhaust tone all suggest it's best leveraged at the track, where the Huracán Evo's advanced all-wheel-drive system, torque vectoring and active suspension can help its driver chase, and quite possibly set, lap records.
The Huracán Evo Spyder's top deploys and retracts in 17 seconds Kelley Blue Book
Of course one could argue the Huracán Evo in Spyder form isn't the best suited version for lap records, given its 265-pound weight penalty over the Huracán Evo Coupe. But if you're willing to take on that extra poundage you'll get all the benefits of driving an open-top Lamborghini. Looking at these images makes its quite clear -- those benefits are undeniable. The 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder doesn't just look good, top up or down, its latest aerodynamic tuning gives it more than five times the downforce and efficiency of the original Huracán Spyder.
The new Huracán Evo springs from last year's Huracán Performante Kelley Blue Book
Most convertible buyers aren't thinking "downforce" and "efficiency" when they choose an open-air model. They want a quick, easy transition from top-up to top-down form, which the Huracán Evo Spyder delivers in 17 seconds at up to 31 mph. They also want a wind-buffet-free cabin, even at highway speeds, made possible through Huracán Evo Spyder's retractable rear window between the upper seat backs. Finally, they want a stunning appearance, with clean body lines. Lamborghini helps this via two retractable body fins that deploy as the top disappears, continuing the Huracán's body lines (and further reducing cabin turbulence) when the canvas roof is stowed.
Optional 20-inch black Narvi rims wrapped in sticky Pirelli P Zero tires Kelley Blue Book
Beyond checking the "Spyder" box, Huracán Evo buyers can opt for a range of new colors, including the Verde Selvans green seen in these photos. Interior and exterior packages include Alcantara leather with contrasting stitching and carbon fiber trim. The Huracán Evo Spyder rides on new 8.5-by-20-inch Aesir rims wrapped in Pirelli P Zero tires, sized 245/30 front and 305/30 rear. Additional wheel and tire options, along with a range of personalization features, are offered through Lamborghini's Ad Personam program.
The Huracán Evo Spyder offers just over 3.5 cubic feet of storage in its "frunk" Kelley Blue Book
Exercising these options will add to the 2020 Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder's starting price of $287,400 (plus a $3,685 destination charge). Our test car's features included power heated seats ($3,200), a smartphone interface ($3,600), 20-inch forged black Narvi rims ($6,600), a front lift system ($4,000), a carbon skin package ($4,000), contrasting stitching ($250), a dark chrome package ($2,600) and embroidered Lamborghini emblems ($1,000).
The Huracán Evo Spyder garnered plenty of attention in car-jaded Southern California Kelley Blue Book
Spending that kind of money of a top-tier sports car creates an expectation of premium performance and style. Both aspects were confirmed during our 2 days driving the Lamborghini Huracán Evo Spyder along Southern California's twisting canyons and through its luxury beach communities. If you're seeking all the thrills and emotions associated with words like "Lamborghini" and "supercar experience", this one delivers.
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51e4c4a10602fd9cf5aab5d35cd372e3 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/kbrauer/2020/10/15/2021-lexus-is-300--350-f-sport-lexus-improves-its-sports-sedan/ | 2021 Lexus IS 300 & 350 F Sport: Lexus Improves Its Sports Sedan | 2021 Lexus IS 300 & 350 F Sport: Lexus Improves Its Sports Sedan
The 2021 Lexus IS received the Lexus Driving Signature treatment Lexus
Lexus is taking a new approach with its luxury cars. The premium brand has a long-established history of refinement, quality and value, but its reputation as a passionate, driver-enthusiast brand is shorter. Still, over the past few years Lexus has made a concerted, and clearly stated, effort to engage drivers beyond its consistent body panel tolerances and excellent resale value. The 2021 Lexus IS, with a series of substantial updates to its chassis, suspension, exterior design and interior features, reflects Lexus’ new approach, dubbed “Lexus Driving Signature”.
The 2021 Lexus IS, with a series of substantial updates to its chassis, suspension, exterior design and interior features, reflects Lexus’ new approach, dubbed “Lexus Driving Signature”.
Ultrasonic Blue Mica 2.0 is a new color available on the 2021 Lexus IS 350 F Sport Lexus
What’s New on the 2021 Lexus IS 300 the 350 F Sport?
The Lexus IS debuted 20 years ago as a compact, rear-wheel-drive sport sedan, arguably making the IS the luxury brand’s first driver-oriented car. Applying the new Lexus Driving Signature philosophy to the IS meant improving body rigidity, revising the suspension design and increasing wheel sizes. The standard 17-inch wheels have been upgraded to 18-inch versions, while all-new 19-inch wheels are standard on IS 350 F Sport models.
New matte black 19-inch wheels are available on the 2021 Lexus IS 350 F Sport Lexus
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In fact, beginning with the 2021 model year, every IS 350 (starting price $43,025) will come with the F Sport package, which includes unique front and rear bumpers, a blacked-out grill surround and lower body panels, a rear spoiler and F Sport-specific exhaust tips. The aforementioned 19-inch alloy wheels are part of the F Sport package, along with upgraded suspension tuning and three F Sport-only exterior colors: Ultrasonic Blue Mica 2.0, Infrared and Ultra White. F Sport interior features, like a heated and leather-trimmed steering wheel, an 8-inch digital instrument cluster, heated and ventilated front seats and leather interior trim in black, white or (all-new) Circuit Red complete the F Sport package.
LED exterior lighting is standard on the 2021 Lexus IS Lexus
What’s Different between the IS 300 and IS 350?
While every 2021 Lexus IS 350 includes the F Sport package, buyers can save money by ordering the base IS 300 model. The IS 300 starts at $40,025 and comes standard with LED exterior lights, keyless entry and keyless start, multiple driver modes (Eco, Normal, Sport), dual-zone climate control and paddle shifters. Both the IS 300 and IS 350 can be upgraded from rear-wheel drive to all-wheel drive for an additional $2,000.
An all-wheel-drive option is available for $2,000 Lexus
Upgrading the IS 300 to all-wheel drive also upgrades its engine, from the base 2.0-liter, 4 cylinder (241 hp, 258 lb-ft of torque) to Lexus’ stalwart 3.5-liter V6 (260 hp, 236 lb-ft of torque). Getting both all-wheel drive and the larger V6 engine makes a strong argument for spending $2,000 on an IS 300. The IS 350 includes the 3.5-liter V6 as standard equipment, though different tuning gives it 311 hp and 280 lb-ft of torque. Adding all-wheel drive to either model changes the transmission from an 8-speed to a 6-speed automatic. It also adds an unfortunate, somewhat intrusive bulge in the driver’s footwell, near the accelerator pedal.
The 2021 Lexus IS 350 Interior includes Apple CarPlay and Android Auto Lexus
If the (all-wheel drive only) transmission bulge doesn’t bother you, you’ll find the rest of the Lexus IS’ interior roomy, comfortable and ergonomically sound. The standard 8-inch display screen moves 5.5 inches closer to the driver, which is good because it’s also now a touchscreen. This may be the most appreciated Lexus IS upgrade for 2021, as drivers and passengers often found Lexus’ touchpad control cumbersome (it remains as an alternative to touching the screen). A new, larger 10.3-inch touchscreen, now 5.9 inches closer to the driver, is offered on IS models equipped with the optional navigation system.
A new, larger 10.3-inch touchscreen display improves the IS 350's control options Lexus
Additional features, like Apple CarPlay, Android Auto and Amazon Alexa synchronization, keep the IS relevant from a technology perspective, and the optional Mark Levinson audio system, with 17 speakers, 1,800 watts and 7.1 surround sound decoding, provides impressive aural entertainment. Additional features, like parking assist, triple beam LED headlamps and a panoramic moonroof, are available on both models, while an F Sport Dynamic Handling Package, with an electronically-control adaptive suspension, is offered on the IS 350.
The 2021 Lexus IS features a full-length LED taillight Lexus
How does the new 2021 Lexus IS Drive?
Lexus’ goal with the 2021 IS was to improve its driving dynamics through a combination of chassis and suspension upgrades. Normally, a full redesign with an all-new chassis is needed for substantial improvement in this area, but Lexus was able to achieve much of its goal through targeted structural enhancements and weight reductions. The 2021 Lexus IS doesn’t drive like an all-new vehicle, but it didn’t need to. It was already a confident and engaging luxury sport sedan. The latest IS 300 and IS 350 offer further elevated dynamic capabilities, along with a more aggressive exterior style and improved cabin features (thank you touchscreen display!). These upgrades give the 2021 Lexus IS 300 and 350 F Sport a fighting chance in the highly-competitive luxury sport sedan segment — at least until a full redesign arrives.
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ed5aa9ee05c1cfa91af76accb0fd74c0 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/04/28/researchers-have-discovered-what-the-immortality-enzyme-looks-like/ | Researchers Have Discovered What The 'Immortality' Enzyme Looks Like | Researchers Have Discovered What The 'Immortality' Enzyme Looks Like
Telomerase Structure Janet Iwasa
Researchers at the University of California Berkeley have captured the most detailed images to date of telomerase, the enzyme that lengthens the ends of chromosomes and plays a critical role in aging.
These images provide long-sought after insight into how telomerase works, and will help guide the design of drugs that target the enzyme, which could have some interesting implications for cancer and aging.
Telomeres and the Aging Process
Your genome consists of more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA, which is a lot to squeeze into the nucleus of a cell, but the cell accomplishes this by winding up the DNA and compressing it into chromosomes. Most cells in the human body contain 22 pairs of chromosomes plus a pair of sex chromosomes.
To help protect the integrity of the chromosome, and to prevent the end of one chromosome from fusing into the next one, each chromosome is capped with a telomere, which is a series of repeated nucleotide sequences. In humans, this repeated sequence is TTAGGG. The average human telomere has thousands of these.
Every time a cell divides, the chromosomes are copied, but they aren’t copied all the way to the end. Consequently, telomeres gradually get shorter. In fact, we lose around 50 to 200 base pairs each time. In this way, they behave like a cellular countdown clock.
As telomere length falls below a certain threshold – somewhere just shy of 4000 base pairs – you start getting problems, like a rise in pro-inflammatory signals and increased risk of cancer. Indeed, short telomeres are known to be involved in a number of diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers.
Eventually, cells stop replicating and enter a state called ‘senescence’. Evidence suggests that accumulation of these senescent cells is what causes organ and tissue decline associated with aging.
DNA is wound up and compressed into chromosomes, which are capped with telomeres KES47 via wikimedia commons CC 3.0
Telomerase to the rescue?
Telomeres had been discovered at UC Berkeley by Elizabeth Blackburn in the 1970s. Then, in 1985 she and then graduate-student Carol Greider discovered the enzyme telomerase, which is able to add DNA back onto telomeres. Telomerase is thus able to extend the life-span a cell, and has been dubbed the “immortality” enzyme. This series of discoveries ultimately led to the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
So, if we all have telomerase, why aren’t we immortal?
It turns out that while we all have the gene for telomerase, it isn’t switched on in most adult cells. It’s only active in sperm cells, egg cells, embryo cells and adult stem cells.
Moreover, there’s a good reason telomerase is not active everywhere all the time. Recent evidence suggests telomeres also act as ‘molecular sensors’ of genomic damage and help limit the replication of cells with highly damaged DNA. Keeping telomeres long and enabling cells to continue dividing regardless of how much damage they’ve accumulated allows cancers to form and grow. In fact, we now know that 90% of all malignant tumors have found a way to turn on telomerase, and use it to essentially become immortal.
The upshot is that blocking telomerase activity in those cancers could be a very useful therapeutic strategy.
Targeting Telomerase
Finding a drug that very specifically targets one particular enzyme is a tricky venture, of course. If you want object B (a drug) to exclusively fit into object A (an enzyme), a good way to go about it is to figure out the shape of object A, and then design object B accordingly.
Unfortunately, we didn’t have a good idea of what telomerase looked like. Telomerase has been a very difficult enzyme to get clear images of. The best images to date were very low resolution, so it was a bit like trying to figure out how a new type of engine works using only a blurry photo taken from down the street.
A Closer Look at Last
This week, scientists at the UC Berkeley announced that they’ve now determined the structure of telomerase with the best detail to date. The findings have been published in the journal Nature.
"It has been a long time coming. It took a lot of persistence," said Kathleen Collins of UC Berkeley, who has been trying to pin down the structure of human telomerase for more than thirty years. To say she is pleased with the new result is likely an enormous understatement.
"We were able to get about 7 to 8 Ångstroms resolution using cryoelectron microscopy," says first author Thi Hoang Duong "Kelly" Nguyen.
At this kind of resolution, it’s possible to trace the amino-acid chains of the enzyme. Doing this, they were able to identify all the components, or ‘subunits’.
"When I got to the point where I could see all the subunits - we had 11 protein subunits in total - it was a moment of, 'Wow, wow, this is how they all fit together.'"
The new structure doesn’t have enough detail to reveal how each atom is interacting with its neighbors — work to achieve that kind of resolution is underway — but there is enough information to get a sense of how the components of the enzyme work together.
This new insight into the molecular machinery of one of the most complex proteins in human cells is remarkable in its own right. Indeed, the new structure is already revealing why known mutations in telomerase prevent it from working properly, and thus cause disease.
So What Does This Mean For Cancer and Aging?
The new structure will allow researchers to better identify which regions of telomerase might work as potential drug targets. Computer modeling can then be used to help narrow down which drugs might either block telomerase activity, or possibly improve it.
For those 90% of tumors with unchecked telomerase activity, blocking telomerase could be a good thing. Conversely, improving telomerase activity in adult stem cells may be able to slow down the aging process. Blocking or activating telomerase indiscriminately comes with significant pitfalls, but there may be scope to alter telomerase activity under highly controlled conditions, like only in certain cells or only for certain periods of time. So it will be very interesting to see where this goes.
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Original research paper:
Thi Hoang Duong Nguyen, Jane Tam, Robert A. Wu, Basil J. Greber, Daniel Toso, Eva Nogales & Kathleen Collins (2018) Cryo-EM structure of substrate bound human telomerase holoenzyme. Nature. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0062-x
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703c0df50cdc09f3d4c5e7798917677f | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/08/22/pointy-eggs-are-less-likely-to-roll-off-a-cliff/ | Pointy Eggs Are Less Likely To Roll Off A Cliff | Pointy Eggs Are Less Likely To Roll Off A Cliff
Murre eggs are quite pointy L. Brian Stauffer
New research reveals why birds that nest on cliff sides have evolved to lay pointy eggs: the eggs are less likely to roll off and fall.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have been investigating the unique egg shape of common murres (Uria aalge), which are seabirds found in coastal regions of the north Atlantic and north Pacific.
Murres are prolific sea farers but return to land to breed along rocky cliff shores. In lieu of a nest, they often lay their eggs on vanishingly small cliff ledges that can sometimes be scarcely bigger than the egg itself.
It’s certainly a good way to keep the eggs out of the reach of many predators, but that still leaves the problem of gravity. What prevents a rounded object like an egg from simply rolling off the edge?
It has been suspected that the curious shape of murre eggs’ may have something to do with it. Unlike the more bulbous chicken eggs that we’re familiar with, murre eggs tend to be more conical; they taper in a more pronounced way.
These thick-billed murres nest on cliff sides and lay very pointy eggs Michael Jeffords and Susan Post
It’s been theorized that this unique shape makes them less likely to roll, says Mark Hauber, an animal biologist at the University of Illinois, but adds that “earlier studies failed to isolate specific features of the eggs - such as elongation, asymmetry and conicality - to robustly test this hypothesis."
Consequently, he says, "very little is known about how the murre egg shape affects its stability and viability in this setting.”
To find out more, he and former graduate student Ian Hays, 3D printed a wide range of fake eggs in a variety of sizes and shapes. They systematically altered certain shape variables, then tested each egg to see how well, or how poorly, the egg rolled.
Using this approach, they were able to identify which are the most important factors that enable an egg to stay put, and thus prevent it from rolling off a theoretical cliff. The findings have been published in the Journal of Experimental Biology.
"We found that conicality - the degree to which the pointed end of the egg mimicked a cone — suppressed egg displacement on surfaces inclined more than 2 degrees," says Hauber.
Conversely, at inclinations of less than 2 degrees, conicality increased egg displacement, but only mildly.
Just making an egg longer — that is increasing its length relative to its girth, without making it more conical — actually increased its tendency to roll.
"In general, an egg's conicality was the most reliable predictor of its likelihood of staying put on inclined surfaces," says Hauber. "This finding provides experimental support for natural selection shaping the unique form of murre eggs amongst all bird eggs."
Original Research:
Hays, I & Hauber, M (2018) How the egg rolls: a morphological analysis of avian egg shape in the context of displacement dynamics. Journal of Experimental Biology
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97ce259b168807b380a49acd09962171 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/08/24/scientists-have-discovered-the-protein-that-enables-hearing-and-balance/ | Scientists Have Discovered The Protein That Enables Hearing And Balance | Scientists Have Discovered The Protein That Enables Hearing And Balance
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Scientists at Harvard Medical School have discovered that a protein called TMC1 converts sound and head motion into electrical signals, thus enabling hearing and balance.
The findings were published this week in the journal Neuron.
Sensitivity to sound has been a powerful evolutionary force, but the precise molecular mechanisms that enable hearing have not been fully identified.
In particular, we know that cells in the inner ear can detect sound and movement and then convert these stimuli into nerve signals, but exactly how the physical properties of sound and movement are converted to such biochemical messages has been unclear.
Engravings showing the structure of the human inner ear by Gustaf Retzius, 1884 Courtesy David Corey, Harvard Medical School
In addition to the molecular machinery being located in a very difficult-to-access location in the inner ear, there are only a relatively small number of auditory hair cells in the ear: just 16,000 compared to over one hundred million sensory cells in the human retina. This makes retrieval, imaging and analysis very difficult.
It was known that there were proteins on the membranes of these sensory hair cells, and that these proteins formed minuscule pores that would open and close in response to sound, and in so doing, could control the influx of electrically charged ions, such as calcium and potassium. In this way, electrical signals could be propagated via nerve cells to the brain.
Yet exactly which pore-forming proteins were the critical gatekeepers in this process was unclear. Now the researchers have confirmed that it all comes down to the protein TMC1.
The snail-shell-shaped part of the inner ear that houses hair cells Holt lab/Harvard Medical School
"The search for this sensor protein has led to numerous dead ends, but we think this discovery ends the quest," said David Corey, a medical scientist at Harvard Medical School, and one of the senior authors on the new paper.
TMC1 had actually been discovered in 2002, but no one knew what its role was. In 2011, Harvard neurologist James Holt and his colleagues showed that TMC1 was absolutely required for auditory transduction, which was an important step forward but didn’t quite pin down its function.
In the new study, Holt and Corey and their colleagues discovered that individual TMC1 proteins pair up to form pores. Then, using computer-based predictions based on similarities with other membrane bound proteins that have known structures, the researchers were able to create a model of what TMC1 most likely looks like.
This was important, because having an idea of the structure of a protein can tell you quite a lot about how it might work.
Hair cells in the cochlea Julia R. Barrett via Wikimedia Commons; Public Domain
A protein is essentially a chain of amino acids, so using this model, they identified 17 amino acids that looked like they probably have an especially important role in the way the protein functions.
Then, one by one, they altered each of these amino acids in the TMC1 protein in mice – substituting each one with a different amino acid. They then monitored how each change altered the flow of charged ions through the pore in response to sound.
"Hair cells, like car engines, are complex machines that need to be studied as they are running," Corey said. "You can't figure out how a piston or a spark plug works by itself. You have to modify the part, put it back in the engine and then gauge its effect on performance."
Of the 17 substitutions, 11 did indeed alter the flow of ions through the pore. Of these, 5 had a very strong effect, and were able to reduce the flow by up to 80%, while the substitution of one amino acid in particular – an asparagine located at position 447 in the protein – was able to block the influx of calcium ions completely. In other words, this mere handful of amino acids plays a critical role in converting sound waves to nerve signals.
The amino acid asparagine. Loss of this amino acid at position 447 in TMC1 completely shuts down the... [+] conversion of sound to electrical signals. Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons
The gene for TMC1 is found throughout the animal kingdom, and now we know why.
"The fact that evolution has conserved this protein across all vertebrate species underscores how critical it is for survival," says Holt.
He says the findings "yield definitive proof that TMC1 is the critical molecular sensor that converts sound and motion into electrical signals the brain can understand."
"It is, indeed, the gatekeeper of hearing," he says.
One in 1,000 newborns are affected by hearing loss, and around 50% of cases of hearing loss have a genetic cause. The TMC1 gene is one of nearly 150 genes that have been associated with genetically-linked hearing loss, and multiple studies have shown that mutations in TMC1 contribute to hereditary hearing loss in a number of families around the world.
"To design optimal treatments for hearing loss, we need to know the molecules and their structures where disease-causing malfunctions arise, and our findings are an important step in that direction," says Holt.
The discovery of TMC1’s central importance to hearing will enable researchers to now focus in on this particular pathway to better understand how the sound-to-signal conversion process works in more detail, and this in turn could pave the way for the development of therapies for hearing loss, particularly in cases where a malfunctioning TMC1 gene is to blame.
Original Research:
Pan, B. et al (2018) TMC1 Forms the Pore of Mechanosensory Transduction Channels in Vertebrate Inner Ear Hair Cells. Neuron 99, 736–753.
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0359546d95749c0d5edaeb78ad7a0c92 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/08/29/narwhals-and-beluga-whales-have-just-joined-the-menopause-club/ | Narwhals And Beluga Whales Have Just Joined The Menopause Club | Narwhals And Beluga Whales Have Just Joined The Menopause Club
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A team of researchers in the UK and the US have discovered that female narwhals and beluga whales go through menopause as they get older.
Menopause refers to the time when menstrual cycles permanently cease, marking the end of female reproductive years. This often occurs decades before the end of life. We’ve come to accept this as a normal and natural phenomenon — which it is… for humans — but within the animal kingdom, it’s highly unusual.
In most animals, the reproductive system ages at the same rate as other tissues in the body, and does not enter a phase of ‘senescence’ where function shuts down well before everything else. Indeed, most other species are able to reproduce their whole lives. Female elephants, for example, remain fertile well into old age (and elephants are among the oldest living land animals in the world).
Certainly, given the how important reproductive fitness is to evolution — with the central goal being to pass one’s genes on to the next generation — then it stands to reason that anything that causes a decline in reproductive function would be selected against. In other words, from an evolutionary perspective, menopause is a bit weird.
It gets even stranger when you consider that, aside from humans, a significant proportion of the females of only two other species were known to experience a post-reproductive life-span, and both of them are whales: killer whales (Orcinus orca) and short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus).
The profound rarity of this phenomenon in the animal kingdom suggests there must be some strong selective pressure at play in order for this handful of species to stop reproducing well before the end of their lives. Studies of killer whales have provided some insight into what might be going on.
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"For menopause to make sense in evolutionary terms, a species needs both a reason to stop reproducing and a reason to live on afterwards," says Sam Ellis, of the University of Exeter, first author on the current study.
"In killer whales, the reason to stop comes because both male and female offspring stay with their mothers for life — so as a female ages, her group contains more and more of her children and grandchildren.
"This increasing relatedness means that, if she keeps having young, they compete with her own direct descendants for resources such as food.
"The reason to continue living is that older females are of great benefit to their offspring and grand-offspring. For example, their knowledge of where to find food helps groups survive," he explains.
There are numerous studies also exploring the roles of kinship and social dynamics associated with post-reproductive lifespans in humans, but understanding the evolution of menopause in humans can be difficult given the complexities of many modern societies, as well as the variations across cultures.
"It's hard to study human behaviour in the modern world because it's so far removed from the conditions our ancestors lived in,” says Professor Darren Croft of the University of Exeter.
"Looking at other species like these toothed whales can help us establish how this unusual reproductive strategy has evolved."
The image of the male and female narwhal Monodon monoceros have been digitally created and then... [+] added to this underwater image of the oceans surface. The Narwhal lives mainly in the High Arctic, often amongst the pack ice and generally offshore. (Photo by: David Fleetham/VW PICS/UIG via Getty Images)
Of course, the more data, the better, so Croft, Ellis and their colleagues at the Universities of Exeter and York in the UK and the Center for Whale Research in the US wanted to find out if there were any other menopausal marine mammals.
They looked for evidence of diminished or ceased fertility in older females of 16 species of whales and dolphins. Specifically, they examined deceased females from each species and found dormant ovaries in older narwhals, beluga whales, and short-finned pilot whales (killer whales were not included in the study).
As the authors explain in their paper in published in the journal Scientific Reports, “to our knowledge this is the first record of population-level post-reproductive lifespans in beluga whales and narwhals, and supports previous suggestions of significant post-reproductive lifespans in short-finned pilot whales.”
Evolution of post-reproductive lifespans in toothed whales; white circles = post-reproductive... [+] life-span is absent; black circles = post-reproductive life-span is present Ellis, S et al (2018) Scientific Reports 8: 12833 with whale diagrams adapted from C Huh; Creative Commons 4.0
This means there are now five animal species known to experience menopause: humans, killer whales, short-finned pilot whales, beluga whales and narwhals.
The findings suggest that, like killer whales, belugas, narwhals and short-finned pilot whales probably have social structures that involve ageing females living in close proximity to their relatives. The authors point out that there is evidence that similar social patterns existed in ancestral humans.
The addition of these two species to the menopause club, will provide researchers with more opportunity to explore the biological and bio-social factors that drive the phenomenon, including whether social group dynamics played out on evolutionary time scales triggers independent evolution of menopause in mammals.
Original Research:
Ellis, S et al (2018) Analyses of ovarian activity reveal repeated evolution of post-reproductive lifespans in toothed whales. Scientific Reports 8: 12833
Shutterstock Family dynamics may have influenced the independent evolution of menopause in toothed... [+] whales
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62ae2d757906411695ce197b09023253 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/11/25/longevity-protein-enables-muscle-regeneration-in-old-mice/ | 'Longevity Protein' Enables Muscle Regeneration In Old Mice | 'Longevity Protein' Enables Muscle Regeneration In Old Mice
Elderly man preparing to lift a barbell isolated on white background Getty
When we’re young, our muscles are pretty good at recovering from injuries. The reason for this is that young muscle can regenerate damaged muscle cells, called myofibers, in such a way that their original structure is restored. This is important because a precise cellular architecture in muscle tissue enables proper muscle function.
However, as we age, we gradually lose this advantage. Following an injury, old muscle just doesn’t regenerate like it used to. The ability to restore muscle cell architecture is eventually lost and, over time, we get weaker.
Now, a study led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh reveals that age-related loss of a “longevity protein”, called α-Klotho (‘alpha’-Klotho), may be to blame.
The name Klotho, by the way, is a nod to one of the three Fates in Greek mythology who spun the thread of human life. The protein α-Klotho had been previously linked with anti-ageing and longevity, but its role in young and ageing muscle was unclear.
Fabrisia Ambrosio at the University of Pittsburgh and her colleagues discovered that, in young muscle, higher levels of α-Klotho are produced following muscle injury. It seems young muscle is able to ramp up α-Klotho production by making critical ‘epigenetic’ changes in the aftermath of an injury.
A genetic on/off switch
Our DNA contains multitudes of genes, but in order for our cells to function properly, or indeed perform different functions altogether, the activity of those genes must be tightly controlled.
Patterns of small molecules, called methyl groups, decorate the surface our DNA and serve as ‘epigenetic’ signals that essentially tell the cell which genes to turn on and off at any given time. Moreover, the patterns of these methyl groups can change in response to a wide variety of environmental cues, including injury.
The researchers found that when young muscle is injured, the muscle cells are able to make temporary changes to methyl group patterns that control the α-Klotho gene, switching production into high gear.
They also discovered that ageing muscles lose this ability to turn on α-Klotho activity after injury. When old muscle is injured, there’s no increase in α-Klotho levels.
The researchers went on to show that if α-Klotho production is inhibited in young mice, those mice exhibit a similar decline in muscle function to ageing mice.
Conversely, when older mice were administered α-Klotho following injury, their muscle regeneration improved.
"We found that we were able to rescue, at least in part, the regenerative defect of aged skeletal muscle," said Ambrosio.
"We saw functional levels of muscle regeneration in old animals that paralleled those of their young counterparts, suggesting that this could potentially be a therapeutic option down the road."
Klotho (green) is expressed around an injury site in muscle tissue (red) in young mice. Sahu et al. (2018), Nature Communications
Helping the cell’s powerhouse
It’s thought that α-Klotho is beneficial to the function of muscle cell mitochondria (the energy powerhouse of a cell). Ambrosio and her colleagues discovered that α-Klotho is very important for the maintenance of mitochondrial structure, and the ability to repair DNA damage in the mitochondria. By extension, it’s very important for the energetics of a muscle cell. Furthermore, they confirmed that loss of α-Klotho leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Ambrosio and her colleagues wanted to know if a drug called SS-31 would help offset the problems caused by loss of α-Klotho because SS-31, which is currently in clinical trials, is known to target the mitochondria.
Sure enough, when mice with α-Klotho deficiency were given SS-31 after injury, their muscle regeneration improved and strength recovery also improved. This was only observed for mice with insufficient α-Klotho; SS-31 did not improve muscle regeneration in healthy mice with normal α-Klotho levels.
Improving α-Klotho production or mitochondrial function in ageing muscle could one day assist muscle regeneration in older humans. However, Ambrosio cautions that due to the complex nature of α-Klotho’s role in mitochondrial function and damage repair, the timing, dosage and route of administration of any such intervention will need to be carefully examined.
"If you just bombard the muscle with Klotho, we do not expect to observe any functional benefit," Ambrosio said. "We've found that mimicking the timing profile we see in young animals seems to be critical. We think that this gives some insight into the therapeutic window."
The findings have been published in the journal Nature Communications.
Original research:
Sahu, A. et al (2018) Age-related declines in α-Klotho drive progenitor cell mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired muscle regeneration. Nature Communications 9, Article number: 4859
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52698267c4387673bf442459d988a02a | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2018/12/10/how-wasp-venom-is-being-used-to-make-new-antibiotics/ | How Wasp Venom Is Being Used To Make New Antibiotics | How Wasp Venom Is Being Used To Make New Antibiotics
Wasp on leaf macro photography Getty
Like humans and other animals, insects are susceptible to bacterial infection. And like humans and other animals, insects have evolved ways to fight back.
Wasps and bees, for example, have evolved an arsenal of very effective anti-bacterial compounds. Unfortunately, many of these compounds, which are often found in venom, are toxic to human cells.
Now, researchers at MIT, in collaboration with scientists in Brazil, have focused their attention on an anti-bacterial peptide from the South American wasp, Polybia paulista. They wanted to see if they could make it more harmful to bacteria yet less harmful to humans.
Though the peptide is only 12 amino acids long, it’s quite potent and is able to kill bacteria by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane. One reason it can do this so well is that it has an alpha-helical structure which, at the molecular level, looks a bit like short coil or a cork-screw. Such structures are known to interact very strongly with bacterial cell membranes.
In their new study, now published in the journal Communications Biology, the researchers made dozens of variations to the original peptide — altering the amino acids one-by-one — and tested each variation against two strains of fungus and seven strains of bacteria.
“It’s a small enough peptide that you can try to mutate as many amino acid residues as possible to try to figure out how each building block is contributing to antimicrobial activity and toxicity,” says Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez of MIT, a senior author on the current study.
Using this approach, de la Fuente-Nunez and his colleagues gained new insight into which structural attributes work best, either alone or in combination. In this way, they were able to tweak the peptide’s structure to obtain optimal function.
“By systematically analyzing the structure and function of these peptides, we’ve been able to tune their properties and activity,” he says.
The peptides’ toxicity was tested on laboratory grown human embryonic kidney cells and the most promising candidates — i.e. those with lower toxicity against human cells — were tested on mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria infected bone (osteomyelitis), computer illustration. Osteomyelitis... [+] is an infection of bone or bone marrow, often caused by multidrug resistant bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Getty
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative bacteria associated with major respiratory infections such as pneumonia, and is involved in thousands of hospital-acquired infections in the US each year. The rise of multi-drug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa is considered a serious threat by the CDC.
The MIT researchers found that several of the modified wasp peptides were able to reduce P. aeruginosa infection in mice and one peptide in particular was able to eliminate infection completely, provided it was given at a high dose.
“After four days, that compound can completely clear the infection, and that was quite surprising and exciting because we don’t typically see that with other experimental antimicrobials or other antibiotics that we’ve tested in the past with this particular mouse model,” says de la Fuente-Nunez.
In essence, he says, “we’ve repurposed a toxic molecule into one that is a viable molecule to treat infections.”
The next step is to further optimize the peptide by making alterations that will hopefully yield a more potent peptide that packs the same antibiotic punch at a lower dose.
Moreover, this systematic approach can be applied to other antimicrobial peptides in the hunt for more antibiotics, says de la Fuente-Nunez.
“I do think some of the principles that we’ve learned here can be applicable to other similar peptides that are derived from nature,” he says.
“Things like helicity and hydrophobicity are very important for a lot of these molecules, and some of the rules that we’ve learned here can definitely be extrapolated.”
Swarm of Polybia occidentalis over a cactus possible to found a new hive Getty
Original Research:
Marcelo D.T. Torres et al (2018) Structure-function-guided exploration of the antimicrobial peptide polybia-CP identifies activity determinants and generates synthetic therapeutic candidates. Communications Biology 1:221 (DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0224-2)
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ba23482d349f0a6bf69e016e761eafdd | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionamcmillan/2019/02/21/evening-exercise-wont-wreck-your-sleep/ | Evening Exercise Won't Wreck Your Sleep | Evening Exercise Won't Wreck Your Sleep
If you have a busy schedule that extends from sun up to sun down, you might only have time for exercise in the evening. Admittedly, it’s not the easiest thing to motivate oneself to do when the siren call of the sofa is so strong at that time of day. Moreover, there’s a popular belief that evening exercise might be too stimulating, and could cause sleep problems later that night.
But now there's some good news. A new study, based on a small number of participants and published in the journal Experimental Physiology, indicates that 30 minutes of high-intensity exercise performed in the early evening does not negatively affect sleep, and may also reduce hunger.
Penelope Larsen of Charles Sturt University in Australia and her colleagues recruited 11 middle aged men to assess their sleep and appetite responses to morning exercise (6 – 7 am), afternoon exercise (2 – 4 pm), and evening exercise (7 – 9 pm).
As it turns out, evening exercise did not adversely affect participants’ sleep later that night. Moreover, by taking blood samples before and after each exercise session, the researchers discovered that high intensity exercise in either the afternoon or evening led to a greater decrease in levels of the hunger stimulating hormone, ghrelin.
Side view of a mature man exercising on a treadmill in a health club and adjusting the speed. Getty
Because this was a small study, and because sleep and appetite are influenced by gender and age, Larsen is keen to expand the research.
"In the future, we hope to conduct similar studies recruiting women, to determine whether sleep and appetite responses may be different depending on sex,” she says.
“Also, this study only considered a single bout of exercise; therefore, it would be beneficial to investigate long-term sleep and appetite adaptations to high-intensity exercise training performed either in the morning, afternoon or evening."
She adds that another interesting outcome of the study was that power output in sprints was higher in the afternoon and evening trials, compared to the morning session. In other words, the participants seemed to be performing better later in the day. This might come as no surprise to those of us who would struggle to barely crawl onto an exercise bike at 6 am, but for the more ambitious athletes out there, that afternoon/evening power peak could be something to explore when planning training.
Of course, this all relates to normal sleep cycles. But what about when your circadian rhythm is disrupted due to jet lag or shift work? For this, a new study also out this week from the University of California, San Diego and the University of Arizona indicates that morning and afternoon exercise are better for shifting your internal clock.
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216d2eefa55fb355061710657a22f441 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2018/09/04/franchising-is-childs-play-why-the-childrens-activity-industry-is-booming/ | Franchising is Child's Play: Why The Children's Activity Industry is Booming | Franchising is Child's Play: Why The Children's Activity Industry is Booming
From preschool language classes to baby yoga, cookery and art schools to sports based activities, you can now find a franchise catering to pretty much any area of children’s learning and development and extra curricular activities. Indeed many franchise experts have noted that the number of franchise businesses operating in this sector has increased at an astonishing rate over the past decade. But what is it about the children’s activity industry that makes it such an attractive proposition for both emerging franchisors and potential franchisees?
Firstly, the demand for children’s activities generally has rocketed, making the children’s activity industry one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy. It’s not a big secret that even in times of financial difficulty parents will continue to spend money on their children - and even more so if that spend is on products or activities that they feel will aid their child’s learning and development, assist their education or improve their general health and quality of life. This trend is only likely to continue, with more households where both parents go out to work meaning that the market for after school activities is booming. It’s also an industry sector where there’s no shortage of potential customers – by 2020 the number of children is projected to rise to 80 million and account for approximately 24 percent of the US population.
Secondly, the core business is one which lends itself perfectly to franchising. With the right training, documentation and support a new franchisee can be taught to set up and run a children’s activity business pretty quickly – teaching, management, hiring, marketing and administration - which makes it very attractive to potential franchisees who of course want to be up and running and earning money without delay. The franchisor will have developed a full tried and tested activity program for delivery and given the nature of children’s activities generally there are unlikely to be any significant regional or even national variations. This means that a children’s activity franchise model is likely to be suitable for franchise network expansion on a large scale. This is demonstrated by the fact that a large number of children’s activity franchises have achieved successful international expansion relatively quickly - Gymboree and Socatots being two great examples of this. And from a new franchisors point of view, when looking to expand a children’s activity business into new areas franchising is likely to be the most feasible and financially sensible way of scaling the business up – the other alternative being attempting to hire and manage a large volume of coaches or teachers over a vast geographical area.
Thirdly, children’s activity franchises tend to be relatively low cost both in terms of initial franchise purchase price and running costs and as a result low risk. Many of them don’t involve the purchase of premises or the hire of a significant number of staff and a large proportion are designed to be owner operator franchises. This means that the franchisee not only manages and develops the business but also delivers the activity to the children themselves on a day to day basis – running the soccer coaching sessions or delivering the preschool art classes. It’s therefore an attractive franchise business proposition for someone looking for a flexible business that they can grow around family commitments. The children’s activity franchise industry has become increasingly popular with professional women wishing to pursue a career outside of commitments such as raising a family or caring for an older relative.
And finally – a children’s activity franchise is a fun business to own! It often offers a franchisee the opportunity to build a business and earn an income doing something that is their passion or hobby, with the support and backing that comes with joining an already established brand. Working with children to aid their learning, development and to see their enjoyment in the activities provided surely makes it one of the most rewarding types of franchises to own – as well as providing a flexible and potentially lucrative business opportunity.
The fast growth in this sector does however mean that it’s a highly competitive market, meaning that franchisors old and new will need to be innovative and creative both in terms of the program of activities that they deliver to children and their parents, as well as their franchise package if they want to remain ahead of the game!
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c97291b9bfe9fa4c56b7995b8eb57f04 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2018/09/16/women-in-franchising-the-rise-and-rise-of-female-franchisees/ | Women In Franchising: The Rise And Rise Of Female Franchisees | Women In Franchising: The Rise And Rise Of Female Franchisees
This week I had the pleasure of attending two events in London organised by EWIF (Encouraging Women into Franchising) – a UK based not-for-profit organisation with the primary focus of supporting women who are looking for a route into the franchise industry, whether they be franchisors or franchisees.
In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of women business owners generally – in the USA more than 11.6 million firms are owned by women, and female-owned businesses now account for 39% of all privately held firms. (Statistics from the American Express OPEN Report "The State of Women-Owned Businesses 2017”).
And franchise experts report a rising trend in women entering the world of franchising. In the UK women now account for nearly 25% of franchisees and the International Franchise Association is seeing a similar shift. Women owned 27 percent of franchise locations in 2017, it says, compared with 20.5 percent in 2007 – and that doesn’t include another 17% of the population where men and women operate franchises together as partners. Between 2011 and 2017, female franchise ownership jumped by 83 percent, while male ownership only increased 13 percent, according to FranNet, the US based franchise consultancy.
So what is it about the world of franchising that holds such an appeal to a skyrocketing number of female business owners?
One common held belief is that many women are attracted to franchise opportunities in part due to skill sets and personality traits. Female business owners tend often to be more financially cautious and therefore the lesser element of financial risk often associated with buying into a franchise of an already well established brand may have significant appeal over starting up a business from scratch.
Women generally have strong communication skills, are good networkers and take a collaborative approach to working. These are traits which not only make them excellent franchisees with the key skills to engage their target market and grow their businesses, but which also mean that women are likely to be drawn to the idea of joining an established franchise network and working as part of a team, being in business for themselves but not by themselves.
In addition, an increasing number of women are seeking flexible careers outside of the traditional nine to five role. Franchising is seen as a route to building a flexible business around family life or other caring commitments, with the support of the franchisor and management team. The speed at which a franchisee is able to be up and running with the new business as it is a tried and tested business model is also therefore an appealing factor.
The growth in the number of female franchisees is also likely to be attributable to the wider variety of business sectors entering the franchise world, particularly those which tend to attract women. I previously wrote about the franchising boom in the children’s activity industry - an industry which certainly does currently attract more female than male franchisees. Similarly domestic and caring based businesses are taking up an increasing share of the franchise market and are also historically more likely to attract female franchisees. In addition, it is considered to be the case that women may often choose a business based on their own interests or it’s “purpose” rather than simply on financial prospects alone – and again there are an increasing number of franchises available covering areas such as art, food and drink, tutoring and sports. Many female franchisees will report that the reason they first investigated their particular franchise opportunity was because they were attracted by the product or service.
One other factor must be the emergence of networks and schemes specifically set up to encourage women into franchising such as EWIF, the IFA's Women's Franchise Network, and the British Franchise Association’s Women into Franchising initiative. Networks and initiatives such as this have not only raised awareness of franchising amongst women generally, but have resulted in a trend towards more franchisors specifically targeting women in their franchise marketing.
Whatever the aims and ambitions for her venture a female entrepreneur may have, it is clear that very nature of franchising really can lend itself to the way in which many women want to set up and run a business – with a network of fellow franchisees and support from the franchisor. With this female focused trend only set to continue, it will be interesting to see how franchisors will not only adapt their franchise marketing methods, but also if many will also take steps to adapt their franchise models and processes to attract more women into their businesses,
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daf51a488ee40cab1bf996d3572c1c05 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2018/10/08/franchise-royalty-fees-percentage-versus-fixed/?sh=55cde2e91a93 | Franchise Royalty Fees: Percentage Versus Fixed? | Franchise Royalty Fees: Percentage Versus Fixed?
At the end of last week I paid a visit to the National Franchise Exhibition at the NEC in Birmingham (UK). As always, it was a great opportunity to meet with and chat to other franchisors, a chance to see which new franchise brands are emerging into the market and to listen to a number of speakers on a variety of topics of interest to both franchisors and franchisees.
One key thing that always strikes me when talking to other franchisors is the variance in approach to franchise royalty fees (sometimes called franchise management fees or service fees). This is the regular fee paid by franchisee to franchisor, most commonly paid each month and often representing a percentage of turnover or gross profit.
The franchise royalty fee not only provides a regular source of income for the franchise brand, but it also covers the “running costs” of providing support services to that particular franchise branch. From the franchisee’s point of view the royalty fee can end up being often the most significant monthly outgoing from the business. For this reason it’s something that both franchisor and franchisee need to give very careful consideration to at the outset. Any emerging franchisor putting together their franchise package needs to ensure that their approach to the franchise royalty fee will not only cover their costs and be attractive to potential franchisees, but that their fee structure will also allow the franchise business to grow financially and make a profit. The franchisee considering buying into a franchise opportunity will need to very carefully analyze the facts and figures, ensuring that the franchise royalty fee is taken into account when drawing up business plans, financial forecasts and looking at both best and worst case scenarios!
There are two main approaches to the calculation/administration of franchise royalty fees :
Percentage of turnover or gross profit over a fixed period, for example a month or a quarter. The average or typical starting royalty percentage in a franchise is 5 to 6 percent of volume, but these fees can range from a small fraction of 1 to 50 percent or more of revenue, depending on the franchise and industry A fixed sum royalty fee
There are also some franchise brands that do not charge a regular royalty fee per se, but require franchisees to buy all products and services from them at a markup and generating their income that way.
There are advantages and disadvantages to either royalty fee approach, depending on the perspective of the party.
When looking at a percentage model, most franchisors are likely to favor a percentage of sales/turnover. This is because monitoring the franchisee’s accounts regularly to make sure that fee calculations are correct is an onerous task in the first place – made more complicated and time consuming if the relevant fee relates to gross profit and so involves analysis of costs as well as just simple sales. However a fee calculated on a sales basis rather than gross profit can be disadvantageous to the franchisee – what if the costs of the enterprise prove higher than anticipated?
Whether on turnover or gross profit, the benefit to the franchisor of calculating franchise fees on a fixed percentage basis is that as the franchise branch grows and becomes more successful and sales/gross profit increases, so the amount payable in royalties to the franchisor increases. There is an obvious argument however that this can cause franchisees to become disgruntled – the harder they work the more they see the amount that they end up paying to the franchisor increasing! This can result in unmotivated and disengaged franchisees, which is of course exactly what any franchisor will want to avoid. So what can be a solution to this scenario?
One common way of tackling this issue is to place a cap i.e an upper limit on the amount of royalty fees paid by the franchisee. So the franchisee pays a percentage of turnover up to a certain amount, and once the upper threshold is reached the monthly figure is capped and remains fixed, going no higher. If the franchisee’s turnover continues to increase, he/she can be safe in the knowledge that the royalty fees will remain at the capped level.
Another more creative approach is to use a Decreasing Percentage Model. Using that model, the franchisor charges their franchisees a percentage of up to a certain level of turnover or gross profit. Once the franchise branch’s turnover/profits reaches and exceeds that level, the percentage figure actually drops. At this level the franchisor should be confident that the franchise fee is financially sustainable and profitable for them, and importantly it provides a positive incentive for franchisees to continue to increase their turnover.
In comparison to the above percentage based models, a fixed sum royalty fee is exactly what it says on the tin! The same amount is paid by the franchisee to the franchisor each month, irrespective of sales or profit figures. This can be advantageous to both parties in that it provides certainty in terms of financial and business planning, and from the franchisor's perspective the administration involved is kept to a minimum. However in a fixed fee model, the payment will still need to be paid by the franchisee even in lean times when the business is not turning over or selling a huge amount. A fixed royalty fee is likely to be the most profitable option for the franchisor when the franchisee is just starting out and sales/profits are low, but not as the franchisee begins to achieve success.
Ultimately, there are no guidelines for franchise brands to follow when deciding on their approach to franchise royalty frees, and certainly no right or wrong way to do it. A good franchisor will consider a variety of factors including which fee structure will appeal most to their target franchisee before determining their fee structure. And for a franchisee considering a franchise opportunity, it’s vital to weigh up the pros and cons of every scenario carefully – bearing in mind that low franchise royalty fees aren’t always a good thing and could mean that the brand will end up with insufficient money coming in to help it to grow, prosper and innovate!
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ce199faddc9522ea42d21dd207d6bf94 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2018/10/26/ten-characteristics-of-a-great-franchisor/ | Ten Characteristics Of A Great Franchisor | Ten Characteristics Of A Great Franchisor
It takes great strength, persistence and determination to build any business and there are certain personality traits that most successful entrepreneurs possess – passion, motivation, optimism and the willingness to put themselves out there and take a risk. However not all great entrepreneurs make great franchisors – it’s a whole different ball game and demands a different set of skills and qualities.
Personally, I love to get out and meet other franchisors – I am a big advocate of networking and and it’s great to connect with other franchise business leaders not just in my own industry of children’s activities but across the board. It’s an opportunity to share experiences, advice and good practice and to support each other on our business journeys.
What always strikes me is how it’s the personality of the franchisor that can really make or break a franchise brand – and among those franchise businesses I admire and see going from strength to strength, I see common traits in the franchisors leading the business forward. I’ve previously written about the importance of authenticity in franchising and how a franchisor’s own personal story can be vital to the success of the franchise, especially in the current consumer marketplace where people buy from people. However what other "super powers" are evident in a successful franchisor – and what should potential franchisees be looking out for when considering a franchise opportunity and looking at the individual leading the business?
Passion
A good franchisor needs to be inspiring – to their team of franchisees and to the customers buying into the product and service. If the franchisor is enthusiastic and passionate and truly believes in the values and aims of the business then that will cascade down to the team and beyond.
Supportive
The relationship between franchisee and franchisor doesn’t end when the franchise agreement is signed. A good franchisor recognises the importance of investment in ongoing support and training for the franchise team and is in tune with what the franchisees need from the management team
Communication
It’s vital that the franchisor is a good communicator – able to communicate the vision for the business to the franchise team and appreciate that communication is a two way process
Honesty
A good franchisor is an honest one – open about any hurdles that the business has or may face and how the brand can adapt to them or has learned from its mistakes. And keeping the franchise team informed about business developments and how that may impact on them and their business is vital at every stage.
Listening
Any franchisor ignores feedback at their peril. Franchisees working on the frontline in the business provide valuable information about what’s working in the business and what isn’t, what is profitable and what is not……harnessing this information and acting on it is vital to the long term survival of the brand.
Adaptability
Things change. Consumer needs and wants evolve, new trends emerge and competitors appear on the horizon. A good franchisor sees the need for the brand and the product/service to evolve and looks to adapt and develop the business to make sure it keeps moving forward
Valuing the team
A franchise brand’s biggest asset is its franchise team. A great franchisor creates a positive culture and values the contributions that everyone brings to the business.
Leadership
It’s vital that the figure at the forefront of the business has the personality, determination and resilience to lead a team of people. It’s also important that the figure at the head of the business can lead by example and rely on their own experiences to inspire the team rather than sitting up in an ivory tower dispensing orders and demands.
Maintaining the personal touch
As a franchise network goes, it’s realistically increasingly difficult for any franchisor to maintain close personal relationships with every franchisee. A good franchisor will put in place plans for support in times of growth whilst maintaining elements of personal contact with all team members – remaining the face of the business. A franchisor should also not underestimate the benefits of personal site visits to franchisees – as a means of keeping in touch and maintaining bonds, seeing the business operating on the front line and gaining the valuable feedback referred to above.
Collaborative
A good franchisor recognises the benefits of collaboration – they can see the benefits to the brand of working together both in terms of internal collaboration between franchisees and external collaboration with other brands and services to help keep the brand relevant and progressive. It’s crucial in this day and age not to be isolated and operate in a bubble.
Combining all of the above, crucially a great franchisor must understand the value of the relationship between franchisor and franchisee - recognising that a network of franchisees is just not a vehicle to expand the brand but a pool of talent and skills to be respected and valued.
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c705ea7ba41845d8aac55627906f505e | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2019/01/25/four-mindsets-for-franchisor-success/ | Four Mindsets For Franchisor Success | Four Mindsets For Franchisor Success
Credit : Pexels Pexels
Fabulous product or service? - check. Replicable model? - check. Intellectual property? - check. Management structure, processes and procedures in place? - check. Mindset?.........errrrr, check??
If I was packing a would-be franchisor's bags ready for them to embark on their own franchising journey, I'd be packing the right mindset as an essential item right at the top of the suitcase! All of the other boxes can be ticked and everything present and correct, but I firmly believe that the franchisor's mindset is crucial to the success of a franchise brand - and that anyone considering launching a franchise brand should to take a careful look at their own mindset and the mental hurdles that they will inevitably need to overcome before they embark on the franchising journey.
According to Vocabulary.com the definition of mindset is:
a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations
"Franchising your business will promote growth and expansion" says Cheryl White, the founder of Apollo Care Franchising Limited and franchise consultant at Mercury Franchise School, "It is vital that the franchisor is ready for this growth and has plans in place to support and manage the growing team. Mindset plays such an important factor - be prepared to think big, step up, and everything else will follow"
There are apparently 15 (or more!) types of different mindsets that a person can have - most people having a combination of several - but there are four particular mindsets that I personally believe a successful franchisor must possess to withstand the highs and lows of franchising a business, and that I see in other franchisors I know and admire.
Growth Mindset
A growth mindset isn't just simply about possessing the desire to grow your own business. Having a growth mindset means that you believe that you are in control of your own ability and you understand that learning and improvement is a continuing process. A successful franchisor will start off with a sound franchise model and strategy but importantly will recognize that this needs to be kept under continuous review - continually working on the brand and keeping it moving forward based on customer experience and the experiences and feedback from franchisees working within the business. A growth mindset means that you are persistent and resilient (any emerging franchisor needs to expect lots of knock backs and hurdles on their way!), but also with the desire to help others grow and achieve their goals too. And as a franchisor (with the support of any management team) will take on the role of leader, mentor and coach, the growth mindset is clearly an essential piece of kit.
Social Mindset
Social mindset is all about the people. I've previously written about the characteristics of a great franchisor, the importance of listening to your franchisees and creating a positive culture with open lines of communication. A social mindset is all about respecting other's opinions, recognising the importance of the team, being able to accept advice and support yourself, supporting others and engaging your team through inclusion and positive action. This can be a difficult mental hurdle for franchisors to overcome - commonly having started the business alone and being used to making solo decisions and not having to account to others, it can be an emotional struggle to take the step to let others become involved with what is effectively your "baby", to delegate to other team members and relinquish elements of control. However, a franchisor with a social mindset will be able to overcome this to grow a successful network where franchisees and staff are engaged, feel valued and are great brand ambassadors - the key to solid franchise growth.
"To start and build a profitable business you need to rely so very much on yourself. You really are on an island in terms of decision making and shaping the product, brand and concept" says Doug Williamson, founder and director of Esquires Coffee (UK) Limited "When the business becomes successful and everyone wants a piece of you it can easily go to your head, but to grow your chain to the next level you need to leverage the opinions and advice of other people. It’s a hard shift to make because up to that stage you built your success on your own, and therefore may not trust others to make decisions. I believe they call this founder-itus. I had it for a few years but was able to push it aside mentally until things started to go really well without me making every decision on my own"
Entrepreneurial Mindset
An entrepreneurial mindset means that an individual can think strategically, can see opportunity in every situation presented, but also has the ability to remain focused on the goal in hand. A successful franchisor will need to have an entrepreneurial mindset to keep the business moving forward - we all operate in a crowded marketplace and it's important to have the ability and confidence to take calculated risks and to recognize that the business model will need to change and adapt in response to consumer demands and market conditions. Without a franchisor at the helm with an entrepreneurial mindset, the brand is likely to stagnate and be left behind.
Creative Mindset
The franchisor who wants to be the leader in their field will need to have a creative mindset. I personally believe that a creative mindset is one of the most important attributes that a successful franchisor should possess. Creativity is of course about being an innovator and coming up with new ideas - but it's also about being able to approach things from a different angle, being flexible and being able to put yourself in other's shoes (your customers and your franchisees), and thinking outside the box when it comes to problems. It's the creative mindset that is what will give your business a competitive edge, always a step (or two!) ahead of the game and is what makes a franchisor an energetic and inspirational business leader.
Although highly rewarding, franchising a business is not an easy road. I know when I started on my own franchising journey, I under estimated how challenging it would be at times. For those considering embarking on franchising a business, take valuable time to reflect on your own mindset and to make sure that you are mentally fully equipped for the rollercoaster ride!
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d27d435e74b8e2c753e79c773e2130c1 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2019/03/02/freshly-brewed-for-success-why-coffee-franchises-are-booming/?sh=2646c2db35b4 | Freshly Brewed For Success: Why Coffee Franchises Are Booming | Freshly Brewed For Success: Why Coffee Franchises Are Booming
"Life is Too Short To Drink Bad Coffee" (Credit : Unknown)
Here in Britain, we might be known as a nation of tea drinkers – however coffee now seems to have overtaken tea as the UK's drink of choice
2017 research reported that Britons were now spending up to £2210 in our nation’s coffee shops, with a reported 80% of adult Britons visiting a coffee shop at least once a week. And with apparently 83% of the US population as coffee drinkers, it seems that coffee as a favoured staple is here to stay.
In light of these kind of statistics therefore, it's unsurprising that when it comes to franchising, the coffee shop sector is soaring. The BFA Natwest Report into the UK Franchising Industry released at the end of 2018 reported a huge leap in the number of units operated by the coffee giants Costa and Starbucks in the UK - Costa Coffee had just over 170 units 10 years ago, and now has 2,300. There are currently around 400 franchised Starbucks stores in the UK - here in the UK Starbucks does operate a franchise model of operation and only only about one in five Starbucks in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa are company-run, differing significantly from its mode of operation in the US where a large proportion of it’s units (over 50%) are still corporate-owned.
But apart from our general love for the drink, what other factors are contributors to the success of the coffee franchise sector?
Firstly, for any would-be franchisee a coffee shop franchise is an attractive business proposition as coffee houses now play such a vital role in many people's daily lives. Not only have coffee shops become a place to meet and hang out with friends (some might say they've taken over the place of the pub as the "local"), they’ve also become hubs for business and work meetings and also places of work for solo entrepreneurs – I know many of my entrepreneur friends who will regularly set up their office for the day in a coffee shop, ordering breakfast, refills and lunch over the course of the day!
Coffee drinkers have also become much more sophisticated in their tastes - just stand and take a look at the menu in your local coffee shop next time you're there. From different blends to added flavor shots, iced drinks to coffee beans with ethical provenance - this gives business owners not only more option to expand the range on offer without diluting the core product offering, but also means that consumers are willing to pay high prices for a premium coffee product and profit margins can be significant. You can also add into this mix millennials as a core coffee consumer - a recipe for business success, as it is reported that millennials represent a worldwide purchasing power of $200 billion and of course they are hyper-social online.
One of the great advantages of a coffee shop franchise model for both franchisor and franchisee is that, with the right franchisee on board, it’s a franchise enterprise which is easily scaleable. Find success with a first franchise branch and then it’s easy then to open more within a short distance and appoint managerial staff to run them. The reality is that most people won’t walk far for coffee. This then means that one franchisee can quite realistically operate a number of franchise units within a relatively short geographical distance. This multi-unit franchise approach has big benefits for both parties in the franchise relationship - scope for significant business growth for the franchisee and reduced costs for the franchisor. In territories where Starbucks does operate a franchise model, it only actively recruits franchisees with multi unit management experience for this reason.
The major criticism often levied at the coffee franchise giants is that they lack the local personality of an independent coffee shop. However the savvy brands have generally taken what steps they can to inject a local feel into their franchise branches to counter these arguments - comfy seating, cosy decor, local community noticeboards, names on cups (a big brand favorite!).... all devices with the aim of making customers feel as if they’re spending their money in an independent business rather than with a large conglomerate. Surely another feature that also attracts coffee consumers to the large franchise names is also reliability and speed - we're often looking to grab a coffee on the go and it feels "safer" to dash into a well known name where we can feel confident they can deliver our flat white in a minute or two and we'll be out of the door again, rather than risk venturing into the unknown when we don't know how long they'll take to deliver our drink?
And sticking with the theme of coffee on the go - one other exciting new development in the coffee franchise world over the past five years must be the growth in the mobile coffee sector. Mobile coffee units operating out of trucks, or bikes such as Coffee-Bike are able to exploit a previous huge gap in the market for good quality coffee where it was previously inaccessible - taking coffee to public events and festivals and to office workers who are sick of vending machine coffee in plastic cups! And with a number of new franchise brands now taking advantage of this, the low overheads involved in a mobile operation surely make this an attractive proposition for a coffee-loving potential franchisee - with the advantage of it easily being an owner-operator franchise venture.
So in light of all of the above, whether your drink of preference is a skinny cappuccino, a hazelnut praline latte or a coconut flat white (my own current coffee of choice), it certainly seems as if the coffee franchise industry will be continuing to brew its recipe for success for some time to come!
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b8b4231d8b2b65b1bca2c26b1b07c465 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2019/07/06/the-franchise-dating-game-finding-your-perfect-franchise-match/ | The Franchise Dating Game: Finding Your Perfect Franchise Match | The Franchise Dating Game: Finding Your Perfect Franchise Match
Personality. Appearance. Shared ambitions and goals. Financial status.......
Finding your perfect franchise match is not dissimilar to finding your perfect life partner – as a would-be franchisee looking for a franchise opportunity you need to ensure that all of the boxes are ticked and to go through the different (sometimes awkward!) "getting to know you" stages before you find the right one for you and commit to what hopefully will be a long and mutually fulfilling relationship. With so many opportunities out there to consider, anyone looking to invest in a franchise business can quite simply be spoilt for choice. Unfortunately though, when you’re hunting for your ideal franchise there aren’t generally the same matchmaking services as are readily available in the dating game to help you whittle the playing field down and find “The One” that shares all of your compatibility criteria!
Before launching enthusiastically into the quest for their perfect match, a prospective franchisee should take time to carefully consider their own wants and needs. Carrying out an analytical assessment at each stage of the developing relationship will hopefully ensure that a franchisee doesn’t leap into a commitment blinded by lust and that the ensuing franchise partnership is a long and happy one.
1. Know your personal interests, strengths and goals
The first step to take before exploring the huge range of franchise opportunities out there is to honestly assess your own interests, skillsets and your life goals. Do you have a particular passion, talent or interest that draws you to a specific franchise sector? How much time do you have to devote to a franchise business? Are you looking for a franchise business that you can operate around family commitments? Or a business that you can quickly scale up into a large operation, possibly across multiple units? Are you wanting to work hands-on in the business and do you have the necessary personal skills to deal with customers face to face on a daily basis or would you prefer to manage a team and oversee the operations? All sounds basic stuff, but will quickly help you to narrow down your list of potential suitors and identify which sectors or franchise models could be the right fit for you.
2. Know Your Figures
Again, this might sound basic, however it’s vital to not only know how much money you have personally available (with access to funding or otherwise) to invest in a franchise business, but also to know what your own financial needs from the business are. Levels of investment for a franchise will range greatly, from franchises such as gyms or restaurants which are very capital intensive and require premises and fit-out costs, to service franchises which can be run from home with a small initial investment. Don’t also forget any requirements for working capital while you are establishing your business.
It's important to be realistic about whether or not the business will be able to support your lifestyle. Do your sums in the cold light of day before you become consumed by passion!
3. Get Online
Just like the world of dating is immediately accessible online these days, the first step for prospective franchisees looking for the right franchise opportunity will be the internet. Websites, webinars, information packs and prospectuses……gather together information about the various franchise opportunities that catch your eye and compare them side by side. Research your own local market carefully too – what demand is there in your proposed geographical area? Is there existing competition?
This should allow you to narrow down your options to a number of prospective matches, those whom you’re interested in finding out more about!
4. Go on a date
It’s time to take the plunge and meet. That way you can get a real feel for the personality and culture of the brand and find out if you are likely to be a great fit for each other. Initially, you could embrace the “speed dating” approach of a franchise expo which can afford the opportunity to chat face to face with a number of franchisors on the same occasion under one roof. You’re not going to find out everything you need to know about the brand and franchisor in that situation but it should allow you a chance to investigate if the necessary chemistry is there to mean that you’d like to commit to a proper date.
A proper “date” between franchisor and prospective franchisee could be arranged by either the would-be investor attending a Franchise Discovery Event or a one-to-one meeting, depending on factors such as timing, location and the brand’s own recruitment procedures. Whatever format that meeting takes, however, it’s your opportunity not only to be given a whole host of in-depth information about the brand, the franchise, the training and support on offer and the facts and figures but also for the franchisor to evaluate you. A great franchise discovery meeting – just like a great date – won’t be a one-sided conversation. As well as imparting information, the franchisor should be using the opportunity to get to know you too so that they can be sure that you meet their franchisee requirements and that you'll be a good fit for their brand.
5. Meet the Family
Before you decide to commit to a long term relationship, you need to meet the family – some of the existing franchisees. They should be an accurate reflection of the brand’s core values and culture and will be able to give you the honest inside track on what it’s really like being part of the franchise network you’re looking to join.
6. Keep A Cool Head
By this point, you may well be completely and utterly bowled over and starry-eyed about your potential new franchise business. However, this is the time when you need to take a step back to make sure that you have done thorough research and carried out your due diligence before you say "I do". Allow yourself the time to really get to know your potential mate. An understandable emotional attachment to your chosen brand can mean that you’re ruled by your heart rather than your head – ensure that you have considered the investment opportunity dispassionately and take independent and specialist advice if needed.
Just like any marriage or long term relationship, investing in a franchise is a significant commitment which requires faith, honesty, great communication and mutual respect on both sides. Taking time to properly assess your potential suitors (and saying a firm "No" to the wrong and unsuitable ones) should hopefully result in a long, happy and successful relationship for both franchisee and franchisor.
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49f45a833c455dcc6e0630f87dcbdb90 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2019/08/01/parents-in-franchising-why-more-parents-are-choosing-to-become-franchisees/ | Parents In Franchising: Why More Parents Are Choosing To Become Franchisees | Parents In Franchising: Why More Parents Are Choosing To Become Franchisees
Here in the U.K, we’re in the middle of our long summer vacation from school, with most schoolchildren having finished school in the middle of July and not returning until the beginning of September. I’m a mom of two and each day presents a new set of challenges as I try to balance work and business with keeping the two of them happy and entertained – which isn’t always easy given the unpredictable British weather!
When I speak to other franchisors, not just in my own industry of children’s activities but in other fields too, many report a significant increase in enquiries from prospective franchisees at this time of year. And that’s not surprising at all when you think about it. So many parents become stressed and disillusioned by the constant juggling act of trying to balance work with children and home life and many traditional or corporate job roles don’t offer the flexibility that parents crave to make it possible, or often even cost-effective, to work around family life. Although many employers are making changes to accommodate the increasing demands of parents, it seems that there is still a long way to go.
So combine the usual day to day struggles and then throw the extra challenges of vacation parenting into the mix and it’s no surprise that many parents at this time of year are reaching for Google, dreaming of ditching the 9 to 5 and becoming masters of their own destiny. And I should know, as I’ve been there myself – leaving behind the security of the legal profession as I struggled to maintain the balance I wanted between my career as a lawyer and my role as the primary carer of two young children.
So the rise of the "parentpreneur" is well documented. But what is it in particular about the franchise industry that attracts parents looking to launch their own ventures, with the aim of developing and growing a business around life at home?
Financial considerations must be one of the major factors drawing parents towards the franchise model. Generally speaking, investing in a franchise is seen as a “safer” financial undertaking than going it alone. As a franchisee, you’re joining an established brand with a track record and proven business model. Many parents, if they have young dependents at home, are likely to have a more cautious approach to investment and so this immediately makes a franchise opportunity an attractive proposition. And as you’re joining a brand where the product or service is already developed and the systems and procedures are already in place, as a franchisee you’ll be up and running and taking cash into the business far more quickly than if you were starting from scratch and having to go through all of the development stages. Again, this is hugely attractive to parents who more than likely will have significant financial obligations each month and income needs to replace pretty speedily.
The supportive and cooperative nature of a good franchise brand model is also likely to appeal to many would-be parentpreneurs. Starting a new business is like having a new baby. It requires a lot of time, attention and nurturing to grow and thrive. Having the additional challenges of raising a family alongside starting that business means time and resources are limited. Therefore having the support of a community who you can rely on for advice and support, especially when problems inevitably arise, is invaluable. Having the backing of a team can mean that the often daunting leap into the world of self-employment can seem a lot less scary.
Drilling down into the parentpreneur statistics, there is, in particular, a significant rise in women looking to launch their own businesses – the “mompreneurs”. I’ve written previously about the rise of women in franchising and service-based franchises in particular appear to attract a higher proportion of females. These often allow a significant proportion of home working together with the flexibility to set hours and appointments around child and home care commitments, from taking children to and from school each day to after school sports clubs, medical appointments and so on. Working at home allows many parents to spend more time with their children during school vacations whilst still working, and might even mean that they can keep young children out of daycare. Within my own franchise network our franchisees (primarily moms) do report that it’s at this time of year - the end of the school year and during summer vacation - that owning their own franchise business really does come into it’s own, from being able to attend all of the end-of-year assemblies, sports days and parent-teacher conferences, as well as navigating the vacations and continue to work with children in tow.
Building any business, whether a franchise business or not, whilst caring for or sharing the care of children is a challenge. I personally hold the belief that there is no such thing as a perfect work-life balance, and that as individuals and as parents we have to decide on what our needs and priorities are and then see if we can build something that meets as many of those as possible. Starting a business, and in particular a franchise business, may well allow many parentpreneurs to achieve the flexibility they are seeking in terms of working around caring commitments but that's not to say it will always be an easy ride. That's where the benefit of having a franchise network behind you comes into play. And given the fact that many parents not only will have a wealth of experience and skills from their previous career to bring the table but also the inevitable skills of multi-tasking that we develop as parent carers, we as franchisors can most certainly benefit from having parentpreneurs within our franchise networks!
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268ef5b1c376a28a89b0f273b3f31659 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionasimpson1/2019/08/22/the-best-autobiographies-to-celebrate-womens-equality-day/ | The Best Autobiographies to Celebrate Women’s Equality Day | The Best Autobiographies to Celebrate Women’s Equality Day
This story was written in collaboration with Forbes Finds. Forbes Finds covers products and experiences we think you’ll love. Featured products are independently selected and linked to for your convenience. If you buy something using a link on this page, Forbes may receive a small share of that sale.
Three women vote at a polling station in New York City in 1920. National Photo Company/Library of Congress/Corbis/VCG via Getty Images
August 26 is Women’s Equality Day, which marks the anniversary of American women finally being granted the right to vote. But it’s also a day to reflect on the advancements that have been made in order to achieve gender equality, and to recognize that in many parts of the world and communities there is still a long way to go. Across the globe there are women, past and present, who have made a real difference to the continued battle against discrimination and who have become real agents of change.
Here’s a selection of the best and most inspiring stories of women who have stood out, stood up, spoken out and leaned —all told in their own words:
I Am Malala by Malala Yousafzai
Back Bay Books
Surely one of the most inspiring stories of the 21st century—or any century—this book documents Malala Yousafzai’s incredible battle against the Taliban for her right to education. I thought I already knew much of her story having followed it in the news, but this book provides remarkable insight into day-to-day life in Pakistan under the regime and also into Yousafazi’s family relationships, including with her father, who was clearly her inspiration. It’s a heavy read at times, but there’s also a Young Readers edition that I’ll be buying for my teenage daughter.
Read Now
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Educated by Tara Westover
Random House
Tara Westover grew up in with radical survivalist Mormon parents in rural Idaho and tells her story of escape from physical and emotional abuse—and her journey of self-education. When you read it, it’s difficult to believe that the events she relates happened in America today rather than centuries ago and that it’s not a fictional account, but her life story is a real testament to the transformative power of education.
Read Now
More than Enough by Elaine Welteroth
Viking
Before reading this book, I knew little to nothing about Elaine Welteroth’s background. However the award-winning journalist’s story is well written and documents her professional journey as a biracial girl to becoming editor of Teen Vogue and using her position to celebrate diversity in a predominantly white industry, while under huge pressure to increase the magazines revenue. Above all, it’s a story all about dreaming big and one that I think will inspire women of any age or background.
Read Now
My Beloved World by Sonia Sotomayor
Vintage
As a former lawyer myself, I was keen to read this book in which Justice Sonya Sotomayor recounts her life from being a young girl in the Bronx to becoming the first Hispanic and third woman appointed to the United States Supreme Court. It really is an uplifting against-all-odds story from one of the most important women in our modern legal system who has fought against stereotypes and dealt with discrimination throughout her personal and professional life.
Read Now
Forward by Abby Wambach
Dey Street Books
Whether women’s soccer is your thing or not, you can’t fail to be moved by Abby Wambach’s honest account of her life as a professional athlete, covering her rebellious youth to coming out as gay and her battle with addiction. Now retired from the game, Wambach, one of soccer’s all-time greats, also addresses the gender pay gap in sports and the discrimination she faced throughout her career. All of that adversity has led to her becoming a passionate and outspoken advocate of women’s rights and equality since hanging up her cleats.
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Personal History by Katharine Graham
Vintage
Katharine Graham was one of the most powerful women of her time—as publisher of the Washington Post during one of the most turbulent periods for American media. She led an extraordinary life, taking over the paper after her husband’s suicide despite having no experience. In this fascinating memoir, she explores how she had the courage to stand up to people who had been her friends and the government over the publication of the Pentagon papers and, of course, Watergate.
Read Now
Lean In by Sheryl Sandberg
Credit: Amazon
Sheryl Sandberg’s book became an instant hit when it was first published in 2015. Part memoir and part self-help, part career guru and part manifesto, whether you agree with her views and approach there’s no doubt that Sandberg reignited much needed debates on issues surrounding women and leadership. Definitely a lot of food for thought within her own story of her rise to becoming the COO of Facebook is an inspiring one.
Read Now
Rosa Parks: My Story by Rosa Parks
Puffin Books
In 1955, when Rosa Parks stood up against segregation and discrimination by refusing to give up her seat on a bus in Alabama, she forever changed the course of history. It’s not a professionally written book but a short account in her own words, but that makes it all the more compelling. “People always say that I didn’t give up my seat because I was tired, but that isn’t true. I was not tired physically … no the only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” A real story of how one woman’s courage and determination made a stand against injustice and fueled the Civil Rights Movement.
Read Now
Becoming by Michelle Obama
Credit: Amazon
Michelle Obama’s personal story is really empowering–an African-American girl from the poor side of Chicago's South Side, who carved out a highly successful career as a lawyer until her husband’s political ambitions forced her to shelve her own plans. She seized the opportunity to make the First Lady role her own, implementing policy change and weathering a storm of criticism to be an inspiration for women and girls worldwide. She continues to be a powerful voice for gender equality, and this book is a candid account of her life in and out of the White House.
Read Now
The Diary of A Young Girl by Anne Frank
Bantam
No list of empowering female autobiographies could be complete without this one. This account of Anne Frank's life as young Jewish girl in hiding with her family during World War Two was written while she was still in her teens. The diary ends suddenly (and tragically) on August 1, 1944. Frank’s writing shows an insight, courage and spirit way beyond her years, and of course the overriding message is that all people should have the right to live in freedom. A must-read for everyone.
Read Now
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68ae1874e567497a992158d675661c32 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionatapp/2019/03/14/meet-the-men-of-cornwall/?fbclid=IwAR2SnyvndYK_Z-u-krQ-bk6D5uaIliVJuPesBvd2Iv54O_-7Nt9iagc2RIk | Shipwrecks, Ancient Mines And Rum, Meet The Men Of Cornwall | Shipwrecks, Ancient Mines And Rum, Meet The Men Of Cornwall
The Men of Cornwall Fiona Tapp
Cornish people are a recognized ethnic minority in the British Isles.
Their ancestry pre-dates the Roman invasion and makes them genetically distinct from Britons elsewhere in the country. Whether it's all the natural dramatic coastal beauty that surrounds them, the warmer than average national climate or the unique title of Briton's most distinct pre-Roman ethnic group, there's something very special about the Cornish.
From the beaches of St Ives to the mines of Levant and all along the rugged coastline of the South West, these are the men of Cornwall.
Tony Farrell, Local Historian And St. Ives Man
Tony Farrell, St Ives Man Fiona Tapp
Tony is the authority on life in St Ives and Cornwall in general. He shows visitors around the town, on St Ives Walks, which includes visits to the old fisherman lodges that acted as a gentleman's social club as much as a place to wait out storms.
Plastered around the walls are photos of generations of fisherman and tales of shipwrecks like the tragic Cintra gale storms of 1893 which saw four vessels dashed and many lives lost.
In 1936 the Bessemer City shipwreck delivered an unexpected treat to St Ives residents. Tony explained how the ship, full of canned goods fed the locals for a full two years. His father, as a boy, took a wheelbarrow down to the shore with his friends and brought back a haul. The seawater had removed all the labels so the contents of each can was a complete surprise!
As he chats and points to the memorabilia and framed photographs, he spots a seal in the harbor and digresses to tell the story of a blue shark which swam right up to shore recently.
Ray Wyse, Engine Driver, Levant Mine
Ray Wyse, Engine Driver, Levant Mine Fiona Tapp
Recreating life as a mine worker in the tin mines of Levant, Ray Wyse is an engine driver on the restored 1840's beam engine which runs on steam. Every half an hour you can watch Ray and engine drivers like him operate the winding engine, which in its heyday would have been used to hoist copper and tin ore from the mine.
Ray explains how the engine was saved from being scrapped in the 1930s and then restored by a group of volunteers calling themselves "The Greasy Gang" beginning in 1984.
Steve Church, Secretary Of The South West Coast Path Association
Steve Church, Secretary of the South West Coast Path Association Fiona Tapp
The South West Coast Path Association is a registered charity that maintains the 630 miles of coastal pathway around the south west of England. Although Steve may not have always lived in Cornwall he is passionate about protecting the coastal pathway for everyone.
He points out many of the trails along the path which would take a full six weeks to walk if you wanted to cover the entire picturesque route. Passing real-life scenery from the TV series Poldark, and smugglers coves and caves you'll start your walk on the coastal pathway at the Levant mine where you met Ray Wyse and then continue all the way through to Botallack, finishing at Cape Cornwall, where you might just bump into Richard Saynor.
Richard Saynor, Station Manager, National Coast Watch Institution
Richard Saynor, Station Manager, National Coast Watch Institution Fiona Tapp
Richard keeps watch over the seas of the most westerly National Coast Watch Institution (NCI) station in the UK mainland. To get there each day, Richard, and anyone who wants to pop in and say hello will need to navigate the uneven steps of Cape Cornwall.
It's fun to take a seat on the rocks and take a photo of your legs dangling off the end with just the waves below! The job which is staffed completely by volunteers is a way for Richard to give back to the community and as he says, "My wife wants me out of the house!"
Tom Read, Director and Head Distiller at The Cornish Distilling Company
Tom Read, Director and Head Distiller at The Cornish Distilling Company Fiona Tapp
Although tradition reigns in Cornwall, there is a younger generation of Cornwall men rising up to create new opportunities where the diminishing fishing and mining industries have left a vacuum. Tom Read a former lifeguard and a biochemistry Ph.D. graduate heads up the team at The Cornish Distilling Company.
Their Cornish rum and coffee spirit, Kalkar, is an award-winning local product and their soon to be completed new distillery will allow them to scale up production to meet the growing demand for authentic Cornish rum.
From ancient industries to new ventures, every port and corner of Cornwall and the people that live there have stories you need to hear.
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e357fc44ba0d2ef6bea52304bb1c25d5 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionatapp/2019/04/23/stay-warm-in-cold-weather-destinations-your-ultimate-arctic-approved-winter-clothing-guide/ | Stay Warm In Cold Weather Destinations: Your Ultimate Arctic Approved Winter Clothing Guide | Stay Warm In Cold Weather Destinations: Your Ultimate Arctic Approved Winter Clothing Guide
The Arctic Ocean Fiona Tapp
Spring and summer are a great time to purchase all your winter gear for a cold season of fun and adventure.
You'll likely find some savings as the older stock is discontinued and you'll make sure you have everything you need packed and ready to go before your trip.
I tried out all of the following gear on a trip to Canada's Arctic, including stops in Yellowknife, Aklavik, and Inuvik in the spectacular North West Territories. Across the tundra, ice fishing, riding snowmobiles, walking across the ice roads and sleeping in an igloo, these clothes kept me warm and comfortable.
Whether you are planning a skiing trip, a city jaunt around one of the world's coldest capitals or heading up north to the Arctic yourself, these top winter clothing picks will serve you well.
Coat
Mammut Eigerjoch Pro Jacket Mammut
The most important part of your winter clothing gear is a good coat. The Mammut Eigerjoch Pro Jacket is the absolute last word in ultimate cold weather protection. The water repellent material is incredibly lightweight and can be rolled and folded up to fit in a small bag for travel yet still provides unparalleled warmth and protection in extremely cold conditions. The large hood can accommodate a helmet underneath for climbing or other winter adventures.
Base Layers
Icebreaker 260 Tech Crew Icebreaker
Dressing in layers is a tried and tested method for keeping warm in extremely cold environments and it all starts with your base layer. Icebreaker base layers are made with super soft merino wool and wick away moisture to keep you warm and sweet smelling no matter what winter weather activities you take part in. Match a pair of leggings with a long sleeve top to provide complete coverage from frigid temperatures.
Tops And Sweaters
Catalina Hoodie Obermeyer
Top your base layer with a T-shirt and performance sweater or hoodie from Obermeyer. They roll up small and can be put away in your backpack if you feel warm and need to strip off a layer. While the soft material also makes a good choice for travel days when you're dashing from the airport to your destination.
Socks And Boots
It's hard to concentrate on much else if your toes are cold so your choice of socks and boots are really important. Look for the cold rating to make sure they will stand up to the weather at your destination. If you are particularly sensitive to feeling cold consider slipping some HotHands toe warmers into your boots which provide up to eight hours of heat.
Snow Pants
Mammut Nara Pants Mammut
Keep your legs warm and protected from the wet snow and ice by slipping on a pair of Mammut Nara HS snow pants which come in a whole range of fun colors including an ice blue, grape and winter white. The tough wearing material holds up to any winter activity.
Facemask
BUFF Polar BUFF Canada
BUFF Canada make balaclavas and face masks to keep your nose and cheeks protected all day long on the coldest winter days. When you are outside playing, climbing, skiing or zipping along on a snowmobile you'll be glad your face is covered up. Their multifunctional neck and headbands can be worn as you like to move your hair off your face or keep your face and neck warm. They come in a range of bright and fun patterns, designs and bold colors.
Mitts And Hat
Mammut Mitts Mammut
Keep your extremities warm with mitts and a hat, Mammut Roseg wool mittens are perfect as a base layer and then top with waterproof mittens, or wear alone if you are in a city and not planning on playing in the snow. BUFF Canada's merino wool hats and beanies keep your ears and head comfortable all day.
A Blast Of Oxygen
Boost Oxygen Boost Oxygen
It might not exactly keep you warm, but a quick blast of oxygen can help to rejuvenate you during cold weather sports and activities. Boost Oxygen is 95% pure aviators' oxygen in a handheld canister, which reportedly helps to improve mental alertness and help you to acclimatize in a range of different environments.
For The Ultimate In Cold Weather Comfort
Ravean Heated Jackets Ravean
For those who really can't bear the cold Ravean make innovative heated jackets. Yes, that's right, they actually come with a battery that warms up the back, chest and pockets of the coat and can even be used to charge your devices!
Now that you are dressed for the snow, get out and enjoy all the fun and adventure that cold weather destinations provide.
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661b3b01d783785937e6126dfe7f6c4d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/fionatapp/2020/08/25/found-out-how-this-couple-left-the-corporate-world-behind-for-adventure-onboard-a-sailboat/?sh=5d643b49db3d | Find Out How This Couple Left The Corporate World Behind For Adventure Onboard A Sailboat | Find Out How This Couple Left The Corporate World Behind For Adventure Onboard A Sailboat
Family life at sea Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
Three years ago, just three months after they got married, Alejandro Zuluaga and Andrea Palacio decided to make a monumental and life changing decision. The couple, both originally from Colombia had lived in the United States since childhood and had become disenchanted with living life in a consumerism led society.
Packing up their bags and giving notice at their corporate jobs they rented out the two empty rooms in their house and sold their cars. Within a few months they moved with their dogs Ozzy and Echo, to Dominican Republic to learn how to kite surf, and now they all live on their sailboat, Hakuna.
We asked them all about their exciting and nonconventional lifestyle.
Life onboard Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
Did you have a background in boating or sailing?
Alejandro: No, when we bought our sailboat, we had no idea how to sail or drive a boat. In fact, the last time I was on a sailboat was when I was five years old, and Andrea had never even stepped foot on sailboat!
What are some of the challenges of living at sea?
Alejandro: The biggest challenge is that everything breaks all the time, and you don’t have a professional to help you fix it so you learn to become an electrician, plumber, janitor, mechanic, you name it.
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The weather is also a challenge because when a storm comes, you’re at the mercy of Mother Nature. Giant waves, thunderstorms and hurricanes are all scary when you live on a boat.
Life at sea Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
Are there any parts of life on land that you miss the most?
Andrea: What we miss the most is the ease of getting groceries or anything you need. Alejo used to love going to the supermarket to buy ice cream, or if we were missing something we could just go and get it in 15 minutes. Now, it’s a HUGE process.
We need to find a place to anchor near land, go on the dinghy to a dock, get an Uber, etc. It takes us almost a full day and obviously, we can’t buy ice cream anymore because it’s melted by the time we’re back on the boat.
Ozzy and Echo Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
How did the dogs adjust to life on the boat?
Alejandro: They adjusted a lot better than we expected. Echo lost her sight completely one month before we bought the boat, so we were nervous about moving on board. But she learned to listen to us for instructions on when to jump in and out of the boat. Now she knows every corner of the boat and we call her Echo Phelps because she loves swimming and can stay in the water for as long as we let her!
They both go to the bathroom on the artificial grass we have on deck for them, which helps a lot when we’re sailing. But since most of the time, we’re anchored somewhere, they really enjoy swimming or running free around the beach everyday. They’re also the ones that spot the dolphins all the time.
Living Hakuna Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
Do you have tips for living and working in a small space?
Andrea: We spend about 90% of our time working and the other 10% is when we get to do the things that are fun or adventurous. For us, the best habit we have is simply following a routine that makes sense for most days. Having some kind of structure helps us feel like we have a normal life that requires discipline, hard work and dedication.
We also manage to stay busy all the time, and if anything, we need more time to do all the things we want get done. I think it can get exhausting to be looking at the same tiny space all day if you’re not doing anything so it’s important to find things to do. Whether it’s exercising, working, learning, reading, or exploring, these are all things that you can do in a small space. It’s all about reinventing yourself everyday.
The last tip would be to establish roles and know who is doing what. When you’re living in a small space with two giant dogs and running two businesses together, things can get rough. I’m glad we’ve gotten pretty good at this because we really struggled at first!
So, the tip would be to just make sure you have goals in common and base your work and tasks on your strengths. For example, I’m terrible at doing boat work because I don’t know when to use a drill or a screw driver so Alejandro does that, and I focus on editing or working on other things that actually I’m good at.
Tell us about your adventure gear and the sports you enjoy together.
Alejandro: We have kitesurfing gear, kite foil, fishing, snorkeling, paddle boards, and a kayak. But our favorite by far is kiteboarding, it’s what got us into this lifestyle in the first place.
After we learned, we were hooked, and now we just set our schedule around the wind so we can kite as much as possible. We’re also planning on getting scuba diving gear before we head to the Bahamas in November as we don’t want to miss out on any adventures next season.
How would you describe an "alternative lifestyle"?
Andrea: To me an alternative lifestyle would be any form of living that goes outside of the traditional way of doing things, such as living in a house or apartment. It could be anything from living on a boat, van, tiny house, or bus, to living in different places as you travel the world full time. Or simply living off the grid in a cabin out in the woods with self sustained resources.
We even met a family traveling on bicycles with tents from Alaska to Argentina, and this is also an alternative lifestyle because it’s a completely atypical way of living life, requiring you to get out of your comfort zone.
Taking the leap Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
What are the benefits of living this way?
Andrea: When you live at sea, you’re a lot more connected with nature and wildlife. You experience things that you probably wouldn’t otherwise, like swimming with sharks and dolphins in the wild. And you learn the importance of appreciating the ocean and all the marine life in a respectful and sustainable way.
You’re also free to travel the world in the comforts of your own home, and you get to see places that you can only access by boat, while meeting people that live a similar way.
Other benefits would be that you’re forced to become resourceful and skilled at many things. And that your carbon footprint is very small compared to traditional lifestyles.
Tell us about your remote business and how you make it work for you?
Andrea: Our primary business is Mokai, a brand of health supplements and grooming supplies for pets. We sell our products on our website, Amazon, eBay, and other small sites, this allows us to work from anywhere as long as we have an internet connection. Our manufacturer helps us keep our inventory and ships it as needed, and when we need a little more help that requires our presence, Alejandro’s parents give us a hand.
Our second business is our YouTube channel, Living Hakuna, where we share everything about our lifestyle. Luckily, three months ago we found a good internet provider so now we’re able to get high speed internet anywhere in the U.S., Bahamas, Puerto Rico and USVI so we have no issues getting work done or uploading videos.
Relaxing on the boat Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
What are some of the sustainable and eco-friendly elements of your current lifestyle?
Andrea: The best part of having a sailboat is that we travel with the wind, meaning we use very little fuel, usually only to set our anchor. Hakuna also has 1,800 Watts of solar panels and 850 Ah of lithium batteries, which fully powers the boat with solar energy.
We also use a water-maker that desalinizes salt water and turns it into drinkable water. And in terms of food, Alejandro buys chicken once in a while, but we mostly catch what we eat.
What does an average day look like for you both?
Alejandro: We normally wake up at around 7:30, have breakfast and feed the dogs. We exercise on the deck of the boat for about an hour and then take the dogs out for a walk.
Once we get back on the boat, we work for about four hours, and if it’s windy we kitesurf for an hour or so. Once we’re done, we have lunch and get back to work until 6:30 or 7pm. We take the dogs out again and by that time, we’re ready to call it a day so we just go to bed, eat something and watch Netflix.
Family adventures Andrea Palacio and Alejandro Zuluaga
Has Covid-19 changed life at all for you, if so how?
Alejandro: It changed our plans a lot since our goal was to make it to Grenada for hurricane season. We were in the Bahamas when Covid-19 blew-up and all the islands closed. The Bahamas prohibited cruisers to go on land, so we had to get the groceries delivered to our boat, and get the trash picked up where we were anchored.
Eventually, we had to sail back to the U.S. to protect our boat from the hurricanes. Once hurricane season is over, we plan on sailing down to the Caribbean but the places we visit will depend on the travel restrictions but overall, we feel very fortunate and safe since social distancing is a normal day for us.
You can also follow the couple’s adventures on their Instagram account livinghakuna.
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4f46672eac953d2babeef2f07a44ae10 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/03/11/best-of-show-rsa-conference-2010/ | Best of Show RSA Conference 2010 | Best of Show RSA Conference 2010
One thing is evident from this year’s mega-security conference in San Francisco. The security industry is back with a vengeance. The show was packed with attendees and the expo floor was busier than I can remember in the last seven years I have attended.
The reason? While economic downturns can curtail general IT spending and investments in upgrades and new technology deployments they have little impact on the need for securing existing infrastructure. Cyber criminals prey on companies in good times and bad. Add to that the new found interest in security from governments as they discover that they are under attack from their advisories and you have a formula for a boom.
Although I had an exhausting RSA this year (I met one on one with 48 vendors) my survey of the industry was not exhaustive. But I saw much to commend at RSA Conference 2010. Here are my choices for Best of Show RSA Conference 2010.
1. Astaro’s Red Box is the single most innovative product I saw. It is a little appliance that is drop shipped to a remote office. Once it is plugged in to the network behind the router it creates an SSL tunnel back to head quarters. It extends the corporate network to as many locations as desired. This leverages the investment in security at one location by extending it to many. It is simple and inexpensive at MSRP of $299.
2. F5’s new enterprise Big-IP edge gateway is based on SSL as well. It uses the web application acceleration features that F5 usually deploys in front of web servers to allow faster access to those applications in a secure manner.
3. PhoneFactor, a young company based in Kansas, has introduced strong authentication via SMS to add to their existing product that used voice authentication. The idea is not new, Estonia has been doing phone based authentication for years, but the timing is right. Imagine a transaction authentication solution for your bank account. Every time you transfer funds or pay a bill online you would acknowledge a text message sent to your phone.
4. GreenSQL. While not officially exhibiting at RSA the founder of this Israeli startup, David Mamam, was making the rounds. He introduced a database firewall that has been downloaded 75,000 times in its free form. The commercial version is a powerful solution that is affordable for the small to medium business.
5. Secunia, the premier vulnerability research company announced an integration with Microsoft WSUS, making patching of critical vulnerabilities possible in quick and painless fashion.
6. Damballa has found that they are in the right place at the right time. Their focus on fighting botnets turns out to be just what people are looking for post Google-Aurora.
While cloud computing was the most hyped subject at RSA 2010 I saw the most development in authentication and extensions of protective capabilities in UTM solutions. Privileged access management is gaining momentum with several vendors, including last year’s IT-Harvest Best of Show, Xceedium, were present.
The industry breathed a sigh of relief last week as they saw evidence that 2009 is behind us. I look forward to a busy RSA 2011.
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2e3e45f4a255706b53e54a2e46cfdb15 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/03/23/large-scale-defacements-of-swedish-web-sites-by-turkish-hacktivists/ | Large Scale Defacements Of Swedish Web Sites By Turkish Hacktivists | Large Scale Defacements Of Swedish Web Sites By Turkish Hacktivists
The Swedish parliament recently passed a resolution recognizing the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire (now the nation state of Turkey) in 1915 and 1916. The Turkish government has protested the action by Sweden as well as the United States (H Res 252) in recent days through official protests and by calling off this year's meeting of the American-Turkish Council. Additionally, on March 17, 2010, Turkey's Prime Minister threatened to deport 100,000 Armenians back to their homeland.
Coinciding with their government's protests, Turkish hackers have defaced over 600 Swedish websites since March 1st according to the Zone-h.org archive.
The following hackers are involved in the protest:
1923Turk Sql @ live.se * (www.team-sql.com/cc) DeathSystem Bond Bey Akincilar (cyberwarrior.org) Ghost61 (Turksec.info) iSkorpitx
SQL @ live.se is an Arabic hacker crew whose .se defacement text focused on Israel rather than Sweden. One of the Turkish hacker crews who have not posted a defacement of Swedish websites at zone-h.org is Turkguvenligi.info who GreyLogic analysts have featured in past IntelFusion FLASH Traffic briefs. Their Facebook group has become inactive as of mid-February and they have set up a new forum called TurkSec.info(registration required). One member of that forum, Ghost61, has participated in these attacks while the more well-known members like Agd_Scorp have not.
Considering the lack of Swedish government websites hacked and the inaction on the part of more well-known Turkish hackers, it is GreyLogic's estimate that this action is not state-sponsored but falls in the category of a purely voluntary hacktivist event.
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The above post is excerpted from the March 22, 2010 issue of IntelFusion FLASH Traffic. To commemorate the publishing of our 32nd issue and to help spread the word of this unique cyber intelligence weekly, non-subscribers may order single issues from our archives at an introductory rate of only $75 each through March 31, 2010.
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fa41a60507ee3b68965b818226a77881 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/03/25/the-bounty-for-an-apple-bug-115000/ | The Bounty For An Apple Bug: $115,000 | The Bounty For An Apple Bug: $115,000
It's been a tough month for Apple's security team.
First Mac hacker extraordinaire Charlie Miller revealed that he'd found 20 exploitable vulnerabilities in Apple's Preview software, all of which apply to Safari as well. Then, at the Pwn2Own hacking competition in Vancouver, Miller and two other security researchers hijacked both an iPhone and a Macbook Pro in minutes. (Firefox and Internet Explorer 8 were hacked too, though Google's Chrome is still standing.)
Apple apologists will likely respond to that news with the usual refrain: Even if Apple is insecure, it's still safer, given that cybercriminals don't bother to target the 8% of American users who use Macs, by tech tracker IDC's count.
But Adriel Desautels, who I spoke to for this magazine profile of Charlie Miller, might feel differently. Desautels runs Netragard, a cybersecurity firm that acts, among other things, as a bug broker: Desautels buys vulnerability information from independent hackers and sells it on a growing, secret, and unregulated market. (Just who his customers are, Desautels won't reveal, though he argues that he screens them to make sure he's not selling exploit ammunition to cybercriminals.)
Desautels says that as Apple's user base has grown, so has the market for Mac bugs. And he's now willing to pay between $15,000 and $115,000 for the right Apple-focused security flaw. "There's a very big market for Apple bugs right now," says Desautels. "Our buyers are very interested, and in some cases explicitly asking for certain kinds of Mac bugs."
Desautels says the high price for an Apple bug has little to do with exploiting machines en mass, the sort of cybercriminal tactic that's designed to achieve maximum profit for minimum effort. (An economic analysis in IEEE's Security And Privacy magazine found that for those high volume purposes, Apple would have to double its market share to 16% before it became a target.)
But if anyone is using software flaws for targeted espionage, as many government agencies and corporate spies have been doing for years, then market share doesn't matter so much as the operating system of whoever's storing the source code, strategic documents, or other secrets a cyberspy is trying to steal.
Desautels says his Apple bug bounty is still around 15% less than he would pay for the equivalent PC-focused flaw, given that high-volume cybercrime is still much more common than targeted espionage. But that slim difference shows that Apple is in fact being targeted, he says. "As Apple has become an accepted platform for business and communications, I've definitely seen an increase in demand," he says.
Hackers who win Pwn2Own by taking control of target systems each receive a $10,000 prize along with the hardware they've hacked, and researchers Vincenzo Iozzo and Ralf Philipp Weinmann, who teamed up to hijack the iPhone, will split $15,000. Those rewards are close to the high end amount that the Zero Day Initiative, which runs Pwn2Own, or Verisign's iDefense division would usually pay for bugs. Both companies inform the software vendor of the vulnerabilities and implement the fix in their security products, rather than keeping them secret as Desautels' customers almost certainly do.
That means the researchers at Pwn2Own deserve praise for exposing their bugs to someone who plans to fix them. They could likely have earned far more by pawning them in private to someone with shadier purposes.
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9d365b81978874cc2f2df4315f58d3f7 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/04/16/senator-levin-poses-three-cyber-scenarios/ | Senator Levin Poses Three Cyber Scenarios | Senator Levin Poses Three Cyber Scenarios
Thursday’s hearing on the nominations of Keith Alexander to head CYBERCOM (and James Winnefield to head NORAD and NORTHCOM) was the first time that operational responsibilities of CYBERCOM have been discussed in a public forum. The Chairman of the Armed Services Committee, Senator Carl Levin (D Michigan) began by posing three scenarios to Lieutenant General Alexander:
Scenario 1. A traditional operation against an adversary, country “C”. What rules of engagement would prevail to counter cyberattacks emanating from that country?
Answer: Under Title 10, an “execute” order approved by the President and the Joint Chiefs would presumably grant the theater commander full leeway to defend US military networks and to counter attack.
Title 10 is the legal framework under which the US military operates.
Scenario 2. Same as before but the cyberattacks emanate from a neutral third country.
Answer. Additional authority would have to be granted.
Scenario 3. “Assume you're in a peacetime setting now. All of a sudden we're hit with a major attack against the computers that manage the distribution of electric power in the United States. Now, the attacks appear to be coming from computers outside the United States, but they are being routed through computers that are owned by U.S. persons located in the United States, so the routers are in here, in the United States.
Now, how would CYBERCOM respond to that situation and under what authorities?”
Answer: That would be the responsibility of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the FBI.
Alexander: “That's probably the most difficult [scenario] and the one that we're going to spend the most time trying to work our way through.”
These were great questions and Alexander‘s answers are short and to the point. You cannot blame him for not being completely specific, because this is uncharted territory. In his opening remarks Senator Levin questioned Keith Alexander’s suitability because his background has been in military intelligence, not combat command. I for one think this is a good thing for someone leading a military CYBERCOM. Military metaphors can be dangerous when confronting Internet threats.
Keep in mind that CYBERCOM is a joint operation made of many components. I've outlined those components in my forthcoming book Surviving Cyberwar and in a post on my own blog, Threatchaos.
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b9bdd40613fbc64a6f41ff446b215172 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/04/20/cyberwar-not-just-like-a-tea-party-issue-but-literally-a-tea-party-issue/ | Cyberwar: Not Just "Like" A Tea Party Issue, But Literally A Tea Party Issue | Cyberwar: Not Just "Like" A Tea Party Issue, But Literally A Tea Party Issue
Following a tweet by Wired editor Kevin Poulsen claiming that "cyberwar is slowly becoming a Tea Party issue," Tim Stevens responded with a post on the The Firewall. In what way is cyberwar becoming a "Tea Party issue?" In answer to that question, he pointed to "the brazen refusal to listen to reason that is characterizing the utterances of some parties to this issue." He continued,
Like the Tea Party movement too, the risk of believing one's own hype is that the real issues will become hidden amongst a mass of public opinion bordering on mentally unstable groupthink. The US does indeed have cybersecurity problems but they won't be fixed by conflating a whole range of 'cyber' issues and pretending they can be fixed by ramping up the projection of military power. In fact, looking from the outside, it could make them just that little bit worse.
While I completely agree, I would merely add that cyberwar is not just "like" a Tea Party issue, but that it is really becoming an issue raised by the Tea Partiers. At an April 7 rally for Republican Congresswoman Michelle Bachmann's re-election, which was led by none other than Sarah Palin, Bachmann criticized the President for the changes to U.S. nuclear strategy announced in the Nuclear Posture Review. She said,
So if in fact there is a nation who is compliant with all the rules ahead of time...if they fire against the United States, a biological weapon, a chemical weapon, or maybe a cyber attack, then we aren't going to be firing back with nuclear weapons.
The following day, conservative commentator Sean Hannity, in an interview with former Republican Speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich, repeated Bachmann's criticism, "So what he's saying here is that the United States will not even in self-defense, if there's a biological, a chemical attack or a crippling cyber attack of some kind, that we're not going to respond."
Stevens and I are in agreement that this all sounds "crazy." But if the idea of suggesting that a nuclear response to cyberattack sounds like Tea Party crazy talk, it should also be noted that a 2009 review of U.S. policy and doctrine publications does imply "that the United States will regard certain kinds of cyberattacks against the United States as being in the same category as nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, and thus that a nuclear response to certain kinds of cyberattacks (namely, cyberattacks with devastating impacts) may be possible." Asked by the New York Times to comment on this, U.S. defense officials would not deny that nuclear retaliation remains an option for response to a massive cyberattack. Those policy and doctrine publications remain current, and with the new Nuclear Posture Review added to the mix, confusion remains over the limits of a possible U.S. response to a large-scale cyberattack. (For more on this topic, see a previous post.)
Bottom line(s):
Cyberwar is not just "like" a Tea Party issue, it has become an issue used by Tea Partiers to criticize U.S. nuclear strategy under Obama; Tea Party criticism implies that nuclear response should remain on the table as a possible response to a cyberattack; Though this might sound crazy, current U.S. policy and doctrine publications, as well as statements by defense officials, imply that nuclear response does remain on the table as a possible reply to cyberattack; The publication of the new Nuclear Posture Review on top of the policy and doctrine publications mentioned above further adds to the confusion over the limits to possible U.S. responses to cyberattacks; Continued ambiguity and confusion further supports the recommendation by the National Academies of Science report to clarify U.S. declaratory policy regarding responses to cyberattacks....lest the official policy of the United States Government continue to resemble the positions of Sean Hannity or Sarah Palin.
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a993a0c5040c62839e746b6b5516a67d | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/04/29/the-dangers-in-following-the-crowd/ | The Dangers In Following The Crowd | The Dangers In Following The Crowd
When Benjamin Jun received a winter catalog in the mail from Nike with a personal URL on the cover, he didn’t realize the wealth of information that would soon be available to him online. Jun, Vice President of technology at Cryptography Research, said that once online he was able to access a database showing what those he knew had purchased at various Nike stores. The site (and the entire winter campaign) is now down, but social media mashups such as this raise serious questions about companies that combine various databases--often without our direct consent.
This week Facebook has come under scrutiny for its new social media network. While logged into Facebook a simultaneous visit to one of Facebook's partner sites will reveal what your Facebook friends think of content on that site. The application also allows you to be interactive with your Facebook friends on the partner site, extending your social media experience.
However, the application also allows third parties to collect data about you and your friends, making public (in some cases) data that you may have marked as "friends only" within the privacy settings on the Facebook side. More ominously Facebook is allowing its partner sites to store this demographic and marketing information indefinitely.
On Monday, four senators –including Charles Schumer of New York, Michael Bennet of Colorado, Mark Begich of Alaska and Al Franken of Minnesota—wrote to Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg with several privacy concerns, including asking why is it so difficult for customers to opt out of this new networking platform? Indeed, there are multiple settings within Facebook that must be tweaked in order to restrict private information.
Facebook has responded that it takes privacy serious, though it offered no specifics. Facebook, to its credit, has launched a new safety page, designed to better educate its users around sharing passwords and other factors, but it does nothing to mitigate the potential privacy and security risks inherent within Facebook’s proposed privacy policy changes.
The true dangers lie beneath the surface, beyond the mere marketing information of likes and dislikes.
In his talk last month at the 2010 RSA Conference, Jun spoke about the underlying assumptions being made by the site designers (not just at Nike and Facebook, or their partners) who are incorporating mashup strategies--assumptions that might not be true. For example, the process of authorization for credentials on a social networking site is very different from the process of obtaining credentials on an e-commerce or online banking site. Site developers might be tempted to accept the APIs from a popular social media site as a way to increase revenue. Jun says the application designers should instead avoid or at least carefully consider the information being passed to them from another source.
To prevent unintended access, Jun advocates the creation of a "session manager," one more hoop in the security chain. While it's always controversial to propose slowing down the consumer experience, the session manager would receive credentials from a third-party site, vet the data, then prompt for additional authentication if necessary.
Simply passing credentials from one site to another without reevaluating is dangerous, said Jun. He cites, in particular, the three R’s of application development: redirects, renegotiation and reconnections. It is within these that gaps of trust among different systems that could allow bad actors access to sensitive data without proper authentication. Jun says in the case of the Nike solicitation for authentication there was only a unique URL on the cover of the catalog. Anyone reading the mailing could have gone online as him.
I for one do not need to know what news stories my friends are reading right now—let them surprise me later in a real (not virtual) conversation. Nor do I need to see what my friends are buying from an e-commerce site; really, I’m probably the last person to go online, learn that someone I know bought a pair of blue running shorts, size medium, and say "Hey, order me a pair also!" Just because the crowd is doing something doesn't mean I’m going to do it.
But for many, social networking is a way of life, a connection to others. For them, let’s get the security right. With online data leakage occurring in new and surprising ways these days, why take the chance of sharing databases without providing additional back-end controls?
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bd8773b4b8dc75a04ae52003e1195d1a | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/04/30/encryption-cant-stop-the-wiretapping-boom/ | Encryption Can't Stop The Wiretapping Boom | Encryption Can't Stop The Wiretapping Boom
As encryption technologies have outpaced the mathematical methods of breaking crypto schemes, law enforcement has feared for years that scrambled messages between evildoers (or law-breaking activists) would thwart their snooping. But it seems that either lawbreakers aren't using encryption, or those privacy tools simply don't work.
In an annual report published Friday by the U.S. judicial system on the number of wiretaps it granted over the past year (see full document below), the courts revealed that there were 2,376 wiretaps by law enforcement agencies in 2009, up 26% from 1,891 the year before, and up 76% from 1999. (Those numbers, it should be noted, don't include international wiretaps or those aimed at intelligence purposes rather than law enforcement.)
But in the midst of that wiretapping bonanza, a more surprising figure is the number of cases in which law enforcement encountered encryption as a barrier: one.
According to the courts, only one wiretapping case in the entire country encountered encryption last year, and in that single case, whatever privacy tools were used don't seemed to have posed much of a hurdle to eavedroppers. "In 2009, encryption was encountered during one state wiretap, but did not prevent officials from obtaining the plain text of the communications," reads the report.
Matt Blaze, a crypto-focused computer science professor at the University of Pennsylvania, points out that the numbers should put to rest the government's decades-old concern that widely available encryption technology would unleash a wave of untrackable criminal conspiracies of cypherpunk mafioso.
"This counters the predictions of almost the entire US government law enforcement and national security crypto debate," says Blaze. "It's been argued that the widespread availability of encryption would cripple law enforcement. None of those predictions have borne fruit."
In 1997, for instance, the Senate debated technology that would require encryption-makers to build in a backdoor for law enforcement. FBI director Louis Freeh argued that "Uncrackable encryption will allow drug lords, spies, terrorists and even violent gangs to communicate about their crimes and their conspiracies with impunity. We will lose one of the few remaining vulnerabilities of the worst criminals and terrorists upon which law enforcement depends to successfully investigate and often prevent the worst crimes."
So why hasn't that happened? Because even uncrackable encryption can be circumvented, says Blaze. Cell phones, for instance, the major target of wiretapping, have their wireless signals encrypted by default. But law enforcement agencies aren't likely to be intercepting calls out of the air and trying to decode them. Far simpler to go to AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile or Sprint and demand real-time access to the decoded data.
Encrypted VoIP calls pose a different scenario, and technologies like Phillip Zimmermann's Zfone may pose more of a threat to law enforcement. But even those cryptographic safeguards can be skirted in other ways, potentially by exploiting vulnerabilities at the endpoints, when the data is decrypted. "The endpoints of encryption systems are programmable computers, and they almost always have security flaws," says Blaze.
Privacy- and security-focused encryption advocates (like Symantec, which just purchased encryption firm PGP for $300 million) will have to ponder just how law enforcement got around the encryption in the one case where it was "encountered." Does the FBI, for instance, have secret technology for cracking the public key encryption used in private emails?
But a more fundamental question for cypher-geeks may be why, in 99.99% of cases, law enforcement doesn't even consider encryption a barrier.
Here's the complete report, including a county by county breakout of wiretaps and which resulted in the most arrests (Two cases in Maricopa County, Arizona top the list).Annual Report on Wiretapping in the U.S.
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f7fb5de33e111027a481c7ab4b411699 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/firewall/2010/05/17/corporate-users-are-you-re-thinking-facebook/ | Corporate Users: Are You Rethinking Facebook? | Corporate Users: Are You Rethinking Facebook?
Facebook is currently the world's most popular social media site, with over 400 million users. Long-plagued by accusations of security leaks and lackluster privacy practices, the corporation is currently defending itself against a barrage of new criticism. CEO Mark Zuckerberg gave an interview earlier this year arguing that privacy is no longer a "social norm." Facebook privacy policies have been rapidly shifting to reflect this position.
What does this mean for corporate users? Given the soaring popularity of Facebook as a casual communication tool, the usual acceptable usage recommendations — urging employees to use discretion and avoid discussing sensitive information via Facebook — is far from sufficient.
The latest firestorm centers around a new feature called "instant personalization," a targeted advertising service that supplies personal user data to advertising partners like Pandora and Microsoft Docs. All Facebook accounts were included in this service when it was rolled out, and opting out is a convoluted, multi-step process. In a move that some users are calling deliberately deceptive, simply clicking an "opt out" check box does not protect your user data from being shared.
So far, the beta service is limited to three corporate partners — all of whom have promised not to behave inappropriately with the shared user data — but the feature is slated to be expanded over time. This puts millions of user accounts and their personal information at the mercy not just of Facebook, but of the ethics of every company that becomes an instant personalization partner in the future.
Other unintentional security breaches are also making headlines. A Russian hacker, who calls himself "Kirllos," recently claimed to possess the logins and passwords to 1.5 million Facebook user accounts — and he is putting them up for sale, cheap. Though no one has officially verified whether these user credentials are real or fake, Kirllos has allegedly sold off around 700,000 of them already.
If true, this incident puts another crack into Facebook's already besieged reputation. Account compromises not only leaks a user’s private information, including photos, status updates, and private messages sent between users, but can also lead to increased phishing risks — imagine a trusted Facebook friend sending you a message with a malicious embedded link, and once clicked, can direct you to a malware-laden site.
All of this means that opening up your company to Facebook access could lead to increased phishing and malware threats, which could further cause data breaches and other more serious forms of security incidents within your corporate network.
Social media can be a corporate asset. Facebook provides a high-profile tool for company exposure and branding, and the wide reach of such a social platform can facilitate business networking. But if you had known that the media giant would be riddled with security holes, while at the same time deliberately taking on a cavalier attitude toward user privacy — would you have allowed your users access to Facebook?
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