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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174464?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+hnn%2Fzxkz+%28HNN+Breaking+News%29
This Historian Draws Lessons About Family Separation at U.S.-Mexico Border from Kindertransport Artifacts
This Historian Draws Lessons About Family Separation at U.S.-Mexico Border from Kindertransport Artifacts Seven years ago, Jennifer Craig-Norton uncovered a cache of original correspondence about a group of Kindertransport children from Poland.A Ph.D. candidate in England at the time, she had no idea that voices of chi...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174469
Bellevue College President, Vice President Out after Mural on Japanese American Incarceration was Altered
Bellevue College President, Vice President Out after Mural on Japanese American Incarceration was Altered BELLEVUE — The president of Bellevue College and one of the college’s vice presidents will be leaving their jobs, the school announced Monday, in response to the vice president’s decision to alter a campus mural of...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174498
A Founder of American Religious Nationalism
A Founder of American Religious Nationalism Right around the time the House began its impeachment inquiry, the homepage of the U.S. Department of State featured a talk by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo titled “Being a Christian Leader.” Only a few weeks had passed since Attorney General William Barr told students at No...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174630
We Need Social Solidarity, Not Just Social Distancing
We Need Social Solidarity, Not Just Social Distancing Social distancing — canceling large gatherings, closing schools and offices, quarantining individuals and even sequestering entire cities or neighborhoods — seems to be the best way to slow the spread of the coronavirus. But it’s a crude and costly public health str...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174989
Bernie Sanders’s Campaign is Over, But His Populist Ideas Will Survive
Bernie Sanders’s Campaign is Over, But His Populist Ideas Will Survive On Wednesday, Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) suspended his campaign for president, clearing the way for former vice president Joe Biden to be the Democratic nominee and likely deeply dividing Sanders’s devoted supporters and even his advisers. Some adv...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174990
Our Fear of Government Power Has Left Us Fighting COVID-19 with Volunteerism
Our Fear of Government Power Has Left Us Fighting COVID-19 with Volunteerism As the covid-19 pandemic spreads and unemployment spikes, volunteers are revving up their sewing machines to produce homemade masks. There are calls for fabric stores to donate supplies. Others gather donations of personal protective equipment...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174994
The Debate Over a Post Office Bailout, Explained
The Debate Over a Post Office Bailout, Explained ... The Postal Service’s long-term problem The Postal Service has been organized in several different ways across American history, but its modern paradigm, dating from the 1970s, dictates that the USPS is supposed to be a self-funded, independently operating public sect...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/174997
A Review of Andrew J. Bacevich's "American Conservatism: Reclaiming an Intellectual Tradition"
A Review of Andrew J. Bacevich's "American Conservatism: Reclaiming an Intellectual Tradition" AMERICAN CONSERVATISM Reclaiming an Intellectual Tradition Edited by Andrew J. Bacevich When assembling an anthology of writings representative of a political persuasion, the challenge is to acknowledge the persuasion’s vari...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175014
The Second-Most-Dangerous Contagion in America: Conservative Irrationality
The Second-Most-Dangerous Contagion in America: Conservative Irrationality The most dangerous contagion we now confront is the coronavirus, which has killed more than 20,000 Americans and thrown more than 16 million out of work. The second-most-dangerous contagion is the conspiracy-mongering, hostility to science and o...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175027
What People Power Looks Like in a Pandemic Democracy
What People Power Looks Like in a Pandemic Democracy The question of isolation and democracy has long haunted political writers. It was posed, most poignantly, by Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy in America—not in the relatively chipper first volume, which was published in 1835, after Tocqueville’s return from the Un...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175036
Prudence in a Storm
Prudence in a Storm The intense and sudden catastrophe that much of the world is living through now is unavoidably disorienting for all of us. It’s hard to know what course our society should take through it, and so how to judge the paths our elected officials are choosing. But one thing that shouldn’t be very difficul...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175038
Presidential Approval Rating
Presidential Approval Rating In the Early Republic, a man’s reputation determined every social, political, and economic opportunity and interaction. It opened doors for trade partnerships, decided who could obtain credit, and served as political currency. Reputations were so important that men engaged in a highly regul...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175051
The Ditherer-in-Chief
The Ditherer-in-Chief Virtually every historian or political scientist who considers such matters ranks Abraham Lincoln, Franklin Roosevelt, and George Washington as America’s greatest presidents. They do so for good reason. Each of them faced existential crises, drew on expertise to formulate decisive responses, and a...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175057
Might the Coronavirus Be a Peacemaker?
Might the Coronavirus Be a Peacemaker? Let me quote a Trumpian figure from long ago, Henry Ford. That’s right, the bigot who created the Ford Motor Company (and once even ran for president). Back in 1916, in an interview with a Chicago Tribune reporter, he offered this bit of wisdom on the subject of history: "Say, wha...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175061
How Americans Have Voted Through History: From Voices to Screens
How Americans Have Voted Through History: From Voices to Screens ... Voice Voting For the first 50 years of American elections, most voting wasn’t done in private and voters didn’t even make their choice on a paper ballot. Instead, those with the right to vote (only white men at the time) went to the local courthouse a...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175091
Trump Talks Like President Roosevelt But Acts Like President Hoover
Trump Talks Like President Roosevelt But Acts Like President Hoover When the Great Depression threatened the well-being of millions of Americans, President Franklin D. Roosevelt acted swiftly. In his administration’s first “hundred days” new initiatives restored public confidence and set the nation on a road to recover...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175102
We’re Living in Phyllis Schlafly’s America
We’re Living in Phyllis Schlafly’s America If, as per Baudelaire, the greatest trick the devil played was convincing the world that he didn’t exist, the irony of Phyllis Schlafly’s legacy is that she undermined women so efficiently that her pernicious influence on American politics hasn’t gotten the credit it deserves....
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175107
What the Anti-Stay-At-Home Protests Are Really About
What the Anti-Stay-At-Home Protests Are Really About Anti-social distancing and anti-stay-at-home order rallies are cropping up across the country, reminiscent of the early days of the Tea Party, when well-funded right-leaning groups lit a fire under an already outraged Republican base and helped ignite a political mov...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175133
How the Coronavirus Might Upend the November Election
How the Coronavirus Might Upend the November Election ... Sean Illing You called the GOP’s 2010 gerrymandering plan “the most audacious political heist of modern times.” Did the Democrats ever really recover from it? David Daley No. The GOP’s gerrymandering plan (called REDMAP) has shaped our politics for the last deca...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175139
Did Gender Keep Democratic Women From Winning The Presidential Primary?
Did Gender Keep Democratic Women From Winning The Presidential Primary? .. The "hostile sexism" factor Here's one more thing we know: that higher levels of sexism were associated with a greater likelihood of supporting Biden and Sanders, as well as a lower likelihood of supporting Warren. Political scientist Brian Scha...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175152
Republican-Led Senate Panel Confirms That Russia Backed Trump in 2016
Republican-Led Senate Panel Confirms That Russia Backed Trump in 2016 In January 2017, after Donald Trump eked out his electoral college victory but before he took office, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence released a report outlining what the CIA, NSA, and FBI knew—and could say publicly—about Russian...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175184
Tiger King: Lurid Netflix Smash Can Illuminate Southern Queer Cultures (If You Look Closer)
Tiger King: Lurid Netflix Smash Can Illuminate Southern Queer Cultures (If You Look Closer) Cats of Greater Wynnewood Exotic Animal Park, 2013. Photo Fight4animalrights. CC BY-SA 3.0 Joe Exotic, Santa Rose (FL) County Jail, 2018, Public Domain With nifty alliteration, hit docuseries Tiger King delivers on its promise o...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175205
There’s a Question My Confederate Ancestors Taught Me To Ask
There’s a Question My Confederate Ancestors Taught Me To Ask Many readers may not know this, but today is a significant day in Civil War history. On April 26, 1865—17 days after Robert E. Lee’s surrender at Appomattox—Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston surrendered the Army of Tennessee at Greensboro, North Carolina. T...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175250
National Park Service Awards More than $3.1 Million in Grants to Preserve and Interpret World War II Japanese American Confinement Sites
National Park Service Awards More than $3.1 Million in Grants to Preserve and Interpret World War II Japanese American Confinement Sites WASHINGTON – The National Park Service is pleased to announce more than $3.1 million in Japanese American Confinement Sites grants that will fund preservation, restoration and educati...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175319
The ‘Public’ in Public College Could Be Endangered
The ‘Public’ in Public College Could Be Endangered Public colleges and universities are in trouble. Campuses may not reopen this fall, potentially gutting tuition and dormitory revenues. Endowments have been hit by the falling stock market, and alumni donations may dry up. Institutions without a financial cushion will ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175358
How Martin Luther King Jr.'s Groundless Traffic Ticket Changed History's Course
How Martin Luther King Jr.'s Groundless Traffic Ticket Changed History's Course ... The AP reported on Oct. 25, 1960, that over 300 people crowded into the Decatur courtroom to watch Judge J. Oscar Mitchell sentence King to four months, even though King’s Alabama license was valid until 1962. “I watched in horror as Ma...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175389
“The Last Dance” is the ‘Presidential Historian’ of Documentaries
“The Last Dance” is the ‘Presidential Historian’ of Documentaries "The Spirit" statue of Michael Jordan outside the United Center Arena, Chicago, in front of the remaining portions of the demolished Chicago Stadium, 1995. Photo Danielmustain, CC BY-SA 4.0 There’s a scene in episode 1 of “The Last Dance” that reveals fa...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175416
An Unlikely Bohemia: Athens, Georgia, in Reagan's America
An Unlikely Bohemia: Athens, Georgia, in Reagan's America In Athens, Georgia, in the 1980s, if you were young and willing to live without much money, anything seemed possible. Magic sparkled like sweat on the skin of dancers at a party or a club. Promise winked underfoot like the bits of broken glass embedded in the do...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175434
Two Studies in Folly a Century Apart
Two Studies in Folly a Century Apart In her The March of Folly: From Troy to Vietnam (1984), Barbara Tuchman wrote of the folly of leaders and nations at various points in history. In mid-2016, I wrote “The Main Problem with Donald Trump: He’s a Fool.” Although dealing with the Trojan and Vietnam wars and mentioning th...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175506
A Mathematical Duel in 16th Century Venice (Excerpt)
A Mathematical Duel in 16th Century Venice (Excerpt) The Secret Formula is the story of two Renaissance mathematicians whose jealousies, intrigues, and contentious debates led to the discovery of a formula for the solution of the cubic equation. Niccolò Tartaglia was an ambitious teacher who possessed a secret formula ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175514
Morning or Mourning in America? Political Advertising and the Politics of Emotion
Morning or Mourning in America? Political Advertising and the Politics of Emotion The promise of American greatness knew no bounds in “Morning in America,” the iconic ad created by the group of political consultants and advertising gurus (the “Tuesday Team”) who worked for Ronald Reagan’s 1984 reelection campaign. In t...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175532
Faculty Cuts Begin, With Warnings of More to Come
Faculty Cuts Begin, With Warnings of More to Come The top brass’s message was clear: When talking about the instructors who won’t be reappointed, at least for now, department chairs at the University of Massachusetts at Boston should stick to the script. “Never slip and call this a layoff,” reads a Monday talking-point...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175586
Montgomery Freedom Rides Museum To Celebrate Anniversary on Facebook, 5/20-21
Montgomery Freedom Rides Museum To Celebrate Anniversary on Facebook, 5/20-21 In 1961, young volunteers called Freedom Riders faced danger with nonviolent protest as they challenged segregated travel through the South. On Wednesday and Thursday, the 59th anniversary of the Freedom Rides, "Travelin' Down Freedom's Mainl...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175597
College Calendars in the Pandemic: No Fall Break and Home by Thanksgiving
College Calendars in the Pandemic: No Fall Break and Home by Thanksgiving SACRAMENTO — As colleges make plans to bring students back to campus, alongside discussions of mask requirements and half-empty classrooms, one common strategy is emerging: Forgoing fall break and getting students home before Thanksgiving. The Un...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175681
We’re Reopening Notre Dame. It’s Worth the Risk.
We’re Reopening Notre Dame. It’s Worth the Risk. We have availed ourselves of the best medical advice and scientific information available and are assiduously planning a reopening that will make the campus community as safe as possible. We believe the good of educating students and continuing vital research is very muc...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175826
"I Imagine Everything Happened on Beale Street": Remembering Memphis in "Brother Robert"
"I Imagine Everything Happened on Beale Street": Remembering Memphis in "Brother Robert" Palace Theater, Beale Street, 1939. photo Farm Security Administration Cover image courtesy of Hachette Books, all rights reserved. Excerpted from BROTHER ROBERT: Growing Up with Robert Johnson by Annye Anderson and Preston Lauterb...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175943
The Black Women Who Paved the Way for This Moment
The Black Women Who Paved the Way for This Moment In the 20th-century U.S., black-nationalist women—individuals who advocated for black liberation, economic self-sufficiency, racial pride, unity, and political self-determination—emerged as key political leaders on the local, national, and even international levels. Whe...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175948
What if Trump Refuses to Leave?
What if Trump Refuses to Leave? General James Mattis put it best, observing he had never seen a president order troops to violate constitutional rights until Donald Trump gave the order to brutalize peaceful protesters in Lafayette Square. But we have never had a fascist in the White House before, and so we need to do ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/175965
Respectability and Remembrance: The Continued Condemnation of Black Resistance
Respectability and Remembrance: The Continued Condemnation of Black Resistance The killing of George Floyd spurred protests in cities across America that have been met with heavy police resistance, and there is no end in sight to the unrest. Amid continuing violence against African Americans at the hands of police and ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176033
Peter Norman: Unsung Hero of the 1968 Olympic Protest
Peter Norman: Unsung Hero of the 1968 Olympic Protest In the years that followed the 1968 Olympics, Norman was publicly ostracized and vilified for standing alongside Carlos and Smith in Mexico City, and he struggled to find a steady job because of it. He was given several chances to save his own reputation by condemni...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176169
Past Pandemics have Reshaped Society. Will Coronavirus do the Same?
Past Pandemics have Reshaped Society. Will Coronavirus do the Same? Although the coronavirus pandemic presents unprecedented challenges for people living through it, humans have endured similar health ordeals in the past. Jeffrey Brown speaks to two historians, Frank Snowden of Yale University and Nancy Bristow of the ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176180
Ken Burns: Our Monuments are Representations of Myth, Not Fact
Ken Burns: Our Monuments are Representations of Myth, Not Fact As we consider what role monuments play in our culture, I’d ask us to listen to the words of James Baldwin from the film I made on the Statue of Liberty. That film, which aired on PBS in 1985, set out to understand the history of why that monument was creat...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176200
Before Stonewall, There Was a Bookstore
Before Stonewall, There Was a Bookstore On July 4, 1965—four years before Stonewall—39 activists from D.C., New York, and Philadelphia marched on the place where the Declaration of Independence had been signed roughly two centuries earlier. They wanted to remind the nation that their rights of “life, liberty, and the p...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176297
Suspect Science: Today’s Anglo-American Eugenics
Suspect Science: Today’s Anglo-American Eugenics Each of the three meetings of the London Conference on Intelligence (LCI) were secretive affairs. Organized by University College London lecturer Dr. James Thompson between 2015 and 2017, the conference was invitation-only. Despite efforts to conceal the event and subseq...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176306
Will Capitalist Consumer Culture Absorb Another Generation of Protest?
Will Capitalist Consumer Culture Absorb Another Generation of Protest? photo public domain, courtesy Wikipedia I just read conservative columnist Ross Douthat’s article “The Second Defeat of Bernie Sanders,” and it made me sad. What Douthat thinks may be occurring as a result of all the protests stemming from the knee-...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176437
Veterans Go to Washington--So What?
Veterans Go to Washington--So What? For much of our history, a stint in the military, preferably as an officer, was a useful, even necessary, starting point for a political career. Mitch McConnell, for instance, has acknowledged that he joined the Army Reserve early in his career because "it was smart politically." (He...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176542
Back to School
Back to School A savage irony inflects the debate over university campuses reopening this fall. All those campuses with their exquisite landscaping, their mausoleums to titans of private equity, their swanky LEED-certified buildings, and their recreation centers with climbing walls, all constructed at extraordinary exp...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176558
Large DNA Study Traces Violent History of American Slavery
Large DNA Study Traces Violent History of American Slavery More than one and a half centuries after the trans-Atlantic slave trade ended, a new study shows how the brutal treatment of enslaved people has shaped the DNA of their descendants. The report, which included more than 50,000 people, 30,000 of them with African...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176774
Let Us Drink in Public
Let Us Drink in Public ... Racial disparity in the application of drinking laws tracks across the rest of the country, as does outsized enforcement in poor and working-class communities. These disparities helped motivate New Orleans lawmakers to finally shuffle off the coil of public drinking laws in 2001. As Henry Gra...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176789
China and the United States Could Avoid an Unnecessary War
China and the United States Could Avoid an Unnecessary War Although few Americans seem to have noticed, China and the United States are currently on a collision course—one that could easily lead to war. Their dispute, which has reached the level of military confrontation, concerns control of the South China Sea.  For m...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176808
Manhattan Beach to Present Bruce's Beach History, Community Awaits Historians' Voices
Manhattan Beach to Present Bruce's Beach History, Community Awaits Historians' Voices Manhattan Beach staffers will deliver a presentation of historical facts surrounding the city’s Bruce’s Beach Park at next week’s City Council meeting, but it will lack the presence of experts that officials had initially planned on a...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176857
Kamala Harris isn’t the First Black Woman to Run for VP. Meet Charlotta Bass
Kamala Harris isn’t the First Black Woman to Run for VP. Meet Charlotta Bass More than half a century before Sen. Kamala D. Harris was named Joe Biden’s running mate Tuesday, another Black woman from California took the stage at a Chicago convention to make a momentous declaration. “This is a historic moment in America...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176862
A Black Nurse Saved Lives. Today She May Save Art
A Black Nurse Saved Lives. Today She May Save Art In June, Laura Voisin George, a graduate student, was writing a scholarly article about a series of Works Progress Administration frescoes at the University of California, San Francisco. The 10 panels of “History of Medicine in California,” completed in 1938 by Bernar...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176907
A Saint's Sins
A Saint's Sins The campaign for Father Serra’s canonization began in the 1930s, and quickly became a subject of controversy. Father Serra had his fervent backers — one California real estate developer had 100 statues of him cast from a single mold, and sent the monuments to Catholic schools and missions throughout the ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176935
UNC Chapel Hill Cancels In-Person Classes as Coronavirus Cases Climb
UNC Chapel Hill Cancels In-Person Classes as Coronavirus Cases Climb ... Jay Smith, a history professor at UNC Chapel Hill, told Spectrum News, "Great relief was the initial impression." But, he said, "It shouldn't have taken so many infections." "It was very frustrating that it took this much hard evidence" to move cl...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176992
Harris’s Speech Placed Her In The Long Legacy Of Black Women Who Built America
Harris’s Speech Placed Her In The Long Legacy Of Black Women Who Built America On Wednesday, Kamala D. Harris delivered her first official address as the Democratic vice-presidential candidate. Her speech began by evoking the names of formidable Black women: Mary Church Terrell, Fannie Lou Hamer, Constance Motley, Shir...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/176994
For 100 Years, El Monte Has Celebrated A Blatant Historical Falsehood. Why?
For 100 Years, El Monte Has Celebrated A Blatant Historical Falsehood. Why? If we all agree that a lie is a lie, is that enough to replace it with the truth? If the people who started this lie are no longer here, why does it linger? Where does it get its strength? What do we need to defeat it? This particular lie is at...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177012
A Detailed Look at the Downside of California’s Ban on Affirmative Action
A Detailed Look at the Downside of California’s Ban on Affirmative Action Twenty-four years ago, California was consumed by debate over affirmative action. A charismatic Black businessman named Ward Connerly led support for Proposition 209, a ballot initiative to ban racial preferences in admission to the state’s world...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177021
For Japanese Americans, Housing Injustices Outlived Internment
For Japanese Americans, Housing Injustices Outlived Internment On the second weekend of May 1946, more than 500 Japanese-Americans arrived at a dusty, ripped-up corner of Los Angeles County adjacent to a Lockheed Corporation bomber factory. Their bags were unloaded and piled next to bulldozers still planing the dirt ou...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177121
Ancestry Promises Holocaust Records Will Be Free
Ancestry Promises Holocaust Records Will Be Free Steven Spielberg’s U.S.C. Shoah Foundation has partnered with the genealogy giant Ancestry to digitize about 50,000 records, adding to a free searchable database in Ancestry’s Holocaust archive. The Shoah Foundation’s partnership, and an additional nine million records f...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177226
Will California Voters End a 24-Year Ban on Affirmative Action?
Will California Voters End a 24-Year Ban on Affirmative Action? This November, California voters will have the chance to repeal the state’s longtime ban on affirmative action. A state ballot measure, Proposition 16, will be the first major test of voter enthusiasm for social justice measures since the May 28 murder of ...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177328
How an American TV Mini-Series Helped the Germans Acknowledge the Holocaust
How an American TV Mini-Series Helped the Germans Acknowledge the Holocaust Meryl Streep in Holocaust, NBC, 1978 In a fascinating book, Learning from the Germans: Race and the Memory of Evil (2019), philosopher Susan Neiman praises the German people for coming to terms with their country’s role in the Holocaust. The re...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177331
Prop 16 and the "Chinese Virus" Bring Two Views of Asian American History into Conflict
Prop 16 and the "Chinese Virus" Bring Two Views of Asian American History into Conflict Anti-Proposition 16 Car Parade, San Francisco Peninsula, August 2020 Nationwide Black Lives Matter protests over the past several months have rejuvenated fights against ongoing racism. A surge of harassment and assault against Asian...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177336
Where Kamala Harris’ Political Imagination Was Formed
Where Kamala Harris’ Political Imagination Was Formed On March 31, 1972, the Black cultural center Rainbow Sign welcomed local press for Berkeley’s official proclamation of “Nina Simone Day.” At this staged convergence of Black artistic and political power, the mood was formal and celebratory at once. Multicolored curt...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177366
As Newsom Weighs Reparations Bill, A Scholar Has A Word Of Caution For California
As Newsom Weighs Reparations Bill, A Scholar Has A Word Of Caution For California Supporters say it’s yet another case of California leading by example. In acknowledging the sins of California’s forefathers, the state could begin to heal by starting with an apology. But as Newsom considers the legislation before him, o...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177376
Glendale, CA City Council Debates Resolution Acknowledging History as a "Sundown Town"
Glendale, CA City Council Debates Resolution Acknowledging History as a "Sundown Town" The City of Glendale discussed a resolution to acknowledge its history as a "sundown town" where African Americans and other racial minorities were able to work but faced legal or extralegal punishment for remaining in the city limit...
9dd8e3e1eb08bf9abc5f4bf82c549e53
https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177388
Online Discussion: The Fight To Vote Feat. Carol Anderson (9/24/2020)
Online Discussion: The Fight To Vote Feat. Carol Anderson (9/24/2020) Experts warn that the Covid-19 pandemic will create barriers to voting for millions of Americans this November. But the public health crisis is hardly the only cause of this: intensified voter suppression efforts have been enacted over the past decad...
c13d739db88bd2424bc89e7fbb743e9a
https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177390
‘Viking’ Was a Job Description, Not a Matter of Heredity, Massive Ancient DNA Study Shows
‘Viking’ Was a Job Description, Not a Matter of Heredity, Massive Ancient DNA Study Shows It was a Viking saga written in genes. In 2008, construction work on an isolated Estonian beach near the town of Salme uncovered the skeletons of more than 40 powerfully built men. They were buried around 750 C.E. in two ships wit...
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https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/177401
52 Years Ago, Thelonious Monk Played a High School. Now Everyone Can Hear It.
52 Years Ago, Thelonious Monk Played a High School. Now Everyone Can Hear It. In the late 1960s, a precocious student named Danny Scher was the elected social commissioner at Palo Alto High School in Northern California. His duties included organizing dances and assemblies, but Mr. Scher, who grew up playing in jazz ba...
2c9207680086b300bcf2f1c5ac7bd2fb
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Berber
Berber
Berber Berber, self-name Amazigh, plural Imazighen, any of the descendants of the pre-Arab inhabitants of North Africa. The Berbers live in scattered communities across Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Mali, Niger, and Mauritania. They speak various Amazigh languages belonging to the Afro-Asiatic family relate...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Berlin-album-by-Reed
Berlin
Berlin …about a sadomasochistic love affair, Berlin (1973), and a double album of guitar drones, Metal Machine Music (1975), that are among his most notorious works. Onstage, his image and appearance changed yearly, from a leather-bondage-wearing ghoul feigning heroin injections to a deadpan guitar-strumming troubadour...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Berlin-Alexanderplatz
Berlin Alexanderplatz
Berlin Alexanderplatz Berlin Alexanderplatz, novel by Alfred Döblin, published in 1929. It appeared in English under the original title and as Alexanderplatz, Berlin. It tells the story of Franz Biberkopf, a Berlin petty criminal who tries to rehabilitate himself after his release from jail. Often compared to James Jo...
45289fd950ae7e40060ed4f59c5dfdb0
https://www.britannica.com/topic/berry-food
Berry
Berry …fruit is popularly called a berry, especially if it is edible. Raspberries, blackberries, and strawberries, for example, are not true berries but are aggregate fruits—fruits that consist of a number of smaller fruits. Cranberries and blueberries, however, are true botanical berries.
e54c26d1b71548263863f1ac1e70fe7b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Berta-languages
Berta languages
Berta languages Berta languages, group of languages that form a part of the Nilo-Saharan language family. Some 125,000 Berta speakers live in Ethiopia; approximately 22,000 live in Sudan. Two of the main varieties of Berta are Berta proper (also known by the derogatory name Beni Shangul), which is spoken in western Et...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bertha-Mason
Bertha Mason
Bertha Mason Bertha Mason, fictional character, the Creole wife of Edward Rochester in Jane Eyre (1847) by Charlotte Brontë and Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) by Jean Rhys.
acb20c718e256e43a87f5ea81d03c94b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bertillon-classification
Bertillon classification
Bertillon classification …standards and saw his “Bertillon classification” of causes of deaths come into use in many nations. To facilitate the collection of data in French government offices, he wrote an elementary course in administrative statistics (1895). Increased alcoholism in France and a decline in French popul...
6e58a3e59643748c8c18dc39da95fbeb
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bertram-family
Bertram family
Bertram family Bertram family, fictional characters, the wealthy aunt, uncle, and four cousins with whom the protagonist, Fanny Price, is sent to live in Jane Austen’s novel Mansfield Park (1814). Sir Thomas, a principled and reserved man, is angered when Fanny refuses to marry Henry Crawford. Lady Bertram is a self-i...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Betrayal-film
Betrayal
Betrayal …version of Harold Pinter’s play Betrayal (1983). …Gandhi with such films as Betrayal (1983), Turtle Diary (1985), and Pascali’s Island (1988). He was nominated for a best supporting actor Oscar for his performance as Meyer Lansky in the Las Vegas crime drama Bugsy (1991). In the 1990s he also played a child’s...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/betrothal
Betrothal
Betrothal Betrothal, promise that a marriage will take place. In societies in which premarital sexual relations are condoned or in which consensual union is common, betrothal may be unimportant. In other societies, however, betrothal is a formal part of the marriage process. In such cases a change of intention by one ...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Betsileo
Betsileo
Betsileo Betsileo, a Malagasy people living in the central highlands of south-central Madagascar. They speak a dialect of Malagasy, the West Austronesian language that is common to all Malagasy peoples. River valleys inhabited and farmed by Betsileo are separated from one another by dense montane forest. The Betsileo...
a329d458f40193981052413c177ca9e0
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Better-Care-Reconciliation-Act
Better Care Reconciliation Act
Better Care Reconciliation Act …the ACA, initially called the Better Care Reconciliation Act (BCRA). Like the AHCA, the BCRA, in numerous versions under various names, would have decreased the deficit but significantly increased the number of uninsured, and it would have increased insurance premiums in the first year a...
a284b77a12019833d2afa45f5be05dde
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Beyond-the-Bedroom-Wall-A-Family-Album
Beyond the Bedroom Wall: A Family Album
Beyond the Bedroom Wall: A Family Album Beyond the Bedroom Wall: A Family Album (1975) is a multigenerational saga of a North Dakota family; Born Brothers (1988) continues the story of Charles and Jerome Neumiller, characters from Beyond the Bedroom Wall who also appear in The Neumiller Stories (1989). Poppa John (1981...
f6f167f4c77319a252de26a1c142a11c
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bezique
Bezique
Bezique Bezique, trick-and-meld card game related to pinochle, both of which derive from the 19th-century French game of binocle, itself a development of the card game sixty-six. Bezique is now mostly played by two players using a 64-card deck consisting of two standard 52-card decks in which the 2s through 6s have be...
4be7f47adfb734e1b220362a430489e1
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bhadracarya-pranidhana
Bhadracaryā-praṇidhāna
Bhadracaryā-praṇidhāna Bhadracaryā-praṇidhāna, (Sanskrit: “Vows of Good Conduct”, ) also called Samantabhadra-caryā-praṇidhāna, (“Practical Vows of Samantabhadra”), a Mahāyāna (“Greater Vehicle”) Buddhist text that has also made an important contribution to the Tantric Buddhism of Tibet. Closely related to the Avataṃs...
daeb251232d3e19eef748a55e900fbaf
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bhagavata
Bhagavata
Bhagavata Bhagavata, (Sanskrit: “One Devoted to Bhagavat [God]”) member of the earliest Hindu sect of which there is any record, representing the beginnings of theistic devotional worship (bhakti) in Hinduism and of modern Vaishnavism (worship of the god Vishnu). The Bhagavata system was a highly devotional faith cent...
cd9fc05c063446d0092d475191b37bc1
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bhaiband
Bhāīband
Bhāīband Bhāīband, (Hindi), Urdu-Persian Berādarī, (“brotherhood”), important instrument of caste self-government in India; the bhāīband is the council formed by the heads of families that belong to the same lineage in a particular area, thus constituting an exogamous (those who do not intermarry) unit within the en...
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https://www.britannica.com/topic/bhanavara
Bhanavara
Bhanavara Bhanavara, (Sanskrit and Pali: “recitation section”) any of the units, usually 8,000 syllables in length, into which Pali Buddhist texts were divided in ancient times for purposes of recitation. The system developed as a means of preserving and transmitting canonical material before it was committed to writi...
763d7d021988c76554753bb8a972b13e
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bhumi
Bhūmi
Bhūmi Bhūmi, in Mahāyāna Buddhism, the stages of spiritual progress of the bodhisattva, or one who, though capable of enlightenment, delays his buddhahood in order to work for the salvation of others. The stages (which are also termed vihāras, “stations”) appear as 7, 10, and 13 in various texts, but the scheme that ...
46cfc60852e9939b0ed564d7599b303f
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bhut
Bhut
Bhut Bhut, Hindi bhūt, in Hindu mythology, a restless ghost. Bhuts are believed to be malignant if they have died a violent death or have been denied funeral rites; they are particularly feared by women, children, and the newly married. Bhuts haunt trees, deserts, abandoned houses, the hearths and roofs of homes, cros...
efdd320217b0f1f4054cf91521821618
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bias-attitude
Bias
Bias effect, in psychology, a cognitive bias whereby people with limited knowledge or competence in a given intellectual or social domain greatly overestimate their own knowledge or competence in that domain relative to objective criteria or to the performance of their peers or of people in general. According to the r...
c96fd90c9ac37f9b7c1bdb5a161878c2
https://www.britannica.com/topic/bias-cut
Bias cut
Bias cut The bias cut of material, a mode introduced in the 1920s by the French couturiere Madeleine Vionnet, was widely adopted in the 1930s and was very effective with the longer skirts, creating a figure-hugging style which then flared out at the hemline. Brassieres were redesigned to…
1129ba6629ebabc4c2324e23604fdafc
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Biathanatos
Biathanatos
Biathanatos …casuistic defense of suicide entitled Biathanatos. His own contemplation of suicide, he states, prompted in him “a charitable interpretation of theyr Action, who dye so.” Donne’s Pseudo-Martyr, published in 1610, attacks the recusants’ unwillingness to swear the oath of allegiance to the king, which Roman ...
6286e67ce86e87acb766bab956fdc386
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bible
Bible
Bible Bible, the sacred scriptures of Judaism and Christianity. The Christian Bible consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament, with the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox versions of the Old Testament being slightly larger because of their acceptance of certain books and parts of books considered apocryphal...
068b50fa20bc8ba65ce0a8c856ecec68
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Biblica-Hebraica
Biblica Hebraica
Biblica Hebraica …was soon displaced by the Biblica Hebraica (1906, 1912) by Rudolf Kittel and Paul Kahle, two German biblical scholars. The third edition of this work, completed by Albrecht Alt and Otto Eissfeldt (Stuttgart, 1937), finally abandoned Ben Hayyim’s text, substituting that of the Leningrad Codex (B 19a). ...
778d06a4cdc21d8c312484069f4f4735
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Biblical-Hebrew-language
Biblical Hebrew language
Biblical Hebrew language …divided into four major periods: Biblical, or Classical, Hebrew, until about the 3rd century bc, in which most of the Old Testament is written; Mishnaic, or Rabbinic, Hebrew, the language of the Mishna (a collection of Jewish traditions), written about ad 200 (this form of Hebrew was never use...
b21453bc5bae8ad36176711f7eb36db8
https://www.britannica.com/topic/biblical-literature/The-Christian-canon
The Christian canon
The Christian canon The Christian church received its Bible from Greek-speaking Jews and found the majority of its early converts in the Hellenistic world. The Greek Bible of Alexandria thus became the official Bible of the Christian community, and the overwhelming number of quotations from the Hebrew Scriptures in the...
feffe58c85059f24a76e9ad9aabde8fd
https://www.britannica.com/topic/biblical-literature/The-fourth-Gospel-The-Gospel-According-to-John
The fourth Gospel: The Gospel According to John
The fourth Gospel: The Gospel According to John John is the last Gospel and, in many ways, different from the Synoptic Gospels. The question in the Synoptic Gospels concerns the extent to which the divine reality broke into history in Jesus’ coming, and the answers are given in terms of the closeness of the new age. Jo...
46a5d52dcd2f2180c7da9921801b409b
https://www.britannica.com/topic/biblical-uncial
Biblical uncial
Biblical uncial …thinner, the hand is called biblical uncial, so named because this type is used in the three great early vellum codices of the Bible: Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus of the 4th century and Codex Alexandrinus of the 5th century. It is now certain that this style goes back to…
fe75d6e17fb47d8b96115284f2206d7e
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bielski-partisans
Bielski partisans
Bielski partisans Bielski partisans, organization of Jewish partisans who fought Nazi Germany and its collaborators between 1942 and 1944 in occupied Poland (now Belarus). Established by brothers Tuvia, Asael, and Zus Bielski, the group conducted guerrilla operations and provided shelter and protection to some 1,200 J...
ef6c6308acbf22517f046b57336225a2
https://www.britannica.com/topic/biennio-rosso
Biennio rosso
Biennio rosso Throughout the biennio rosso (“two red years”; 1919–20), revolution appeared imminent. While spontaneous land occupations swept through the south, riots and lootings hit shopkeepers in the north and centre in the summer of 1919, and prices were cut by half throughout the country. Socialist deputies walked...