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9400fec22dc2ede7d08a258589a1cb4f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shahabadi | Shāhabadī | Shāhabadī
The name of Sāhabadī is intimately connected with this phase; another well-known painter is Manohar. The intensity and richness associated with their atelier began to fade toward the close of the 17th century, and a wave of Mughal influence began to affect the school in the opening years…
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9411ef9caf295ea45da61402077a43c3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shahpur-Bakhtiar | Shahpur Bakhtiar | Shahpur Bakhtiar
Shahpur Bakhtiar, (born 1914, Shahr Kord, Iran—died August 6, 1991, Suresnes, near Paris, France), Iranian politician, the last prime minister (January 4–February 11, 1979) under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi.
Bakhtiar studied law at the Sorbonne in Paris and fought in the French army during World War II... |
c419d8b9e72192f637f8a9e78cf9075c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shahu | Shahu | Shahu
…power revived under Shivaji’s grandson Shahu. He confided power to the Brahman Bhat family, who became hereditary peshwas (chief ministers). He also decided to expand northward with armies under the peshwas’ control. In Shahu’s later years the power of the peshwas increased. After his death (1749) they became th... |
5f2557f65daecfd1e239c18e3931c078 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shai-Agassi | Shai Agassi | Shai Agassi
Shai Agassi, (born April 19, 1968, Ramat Gan, Israel), Israeli entrepreneur who, after founding a number of technology companies, became known for Better Place, which sought to establish an infrastructure for electric automobiles.
Agassi graduated (1990) from Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) with ... |
cba357f0c62e37532f48d4f543051465 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shalmaneser-IV | Shalmaneser IV | Shalmaneser IV
Shalmaneser IV (c. 783–773) fought against Urartu, then at the height of its power under King Argishti (c. 780–755). He successfully defended eastern Mesopotamia against attacks from Armenia. On the other hand, he lost most of Syria after a campaign against Damascus in 773. The…
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752e500ef3f8ecae16e0273a0ff6bcf2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shamash-eriba | Shamash-eriba | Shamash-eriba
The second, Shamash-eriba, was conquered by Xerxes’ son-in-law, and violent repression ensued: Babylon’s fortresses were torn down, its temples pillaged, and the statue of Marduk destroyed. This latter act had great political significance: Xerxes was no longer able to “take the hand of” (receive the patro... |
e6b8ce501b9ff4b76a9d34b58c720209 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shamil-Basayev | Shamil Basayev | Shamil Basayev
…by the notorious rebel warlord Shamil Basayev, who previously had been blamed for the takeover of a Moscow theatre in 2002 that ended in the deaths of some 130 hostages; the assassination of Akhmad Kadyrov, the pro-Moscow president of Chechnya, in May 2004; and countless other acts of terrorism and…
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d7cd4795920e46c5692688f22f2a370b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shang-Kexi | Shang Kexi | Shang Kexi
Shang Kexi, Wade-Giles romanization Shang K’o-hsi, (born 1604, Haicheng, Liaoning province, China—died October 1676, Guangzhou, Guangdong province), Chinese general whose attempt to retire in 1673 resulted in large-scale rebellion.
Originally a Ming dynasty general, Shang transferred his loyalty in 1634 to ... |
af35766585f78ebc7e168fe9e9e8a903 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shang-Yang | Shang Yang | Shang Yang
Shang Yang, original name (Pinyin) Gongsun Yang or (Wade-Giles romanization) Kung-sun Yang, (born c. 390, Wei state, China—died 338 bce, China), Chinese statesman and thinker whose successful reorganization of the state of Qin paved the way for the eventual unification of the Chinese empire by the Qin dynas... |
f97ffc8f6eefb623c246fa70eac59569 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shannon-Wells-Lucid | Shannon Wells Lucid | Shannon Wells Lucid
Shannon Wells Lucid, née Shannon Matilda Wells, (born January 14, 1943, Shanghai, China), American astronaut who from 1996 to 2007 held the world record for most time in space by a woman and from 1996 to 2002 held the record for the longest-duration spaceflight by any U.S. astronaut.
Lucid was born... |
a86799e40213ef91a1315f34003469aa | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shapur-I | Shāpūr I | Shāpūr I
Shāpūr I, Latin Sapor, Arabic Sābūr, (died ad 272), Persian king of the Sāsānian dynasty who consolidated and expanded the empire founded by his father, Ardashīr I. Shāpūr continued his father’s wars with Rome, conquering Nisibis (modern Nusaybin, Tur.) and Carrhae (Harran, Tur.) and advancing deep into Syri... |
1f277dad4195372f4f68234fb13a0ddc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shapur-II | Shāpūr II | Shāpūr II
Shāpūr II, byname Shāpūr The Great, (born ad 309—died 379), 10th king of the Sāsānian Empire of Persia, who withstood Roman strength by astute military strategy and diplomacy and brought the empire to the zenith of its power.
The name Shāpūr, meaning “son of a king,” was common in the Sāsānian period and wa... |
7522bc69b1bbb90924157ffc162b399c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sharad-Pawar | Sharad Pawar | Sharad Pawar
Sharad Pawar, in full Sharadchandra Govindrao Pawar, Sharadchandra also spelled Sharad Chandra, (born December 12, 1940, Baramati, India), Indian politician and government official, who in 1999 helped found the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) and served as its president.
Pawar was one of 10 children born... |
59d6f04281170ccf8523170f7a8239c6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sharaf-ad-Din-Ali-Yazdi | Sharaf ad-Dīn ʿAlī Yazdī | Sharaf ad-Dīn ʿAlī Yazdī
Sharaf ad-Dīn ʿAlī Yazdī, (born, Yazd, Iran—died 1454, Yazd), Persian historian, one of the greatest of 15th-century Iran.
Little about his early life is known. As a young man he was a teacher in his native Yazd and a close companion of the Timurid ruler Shāh Rokh (1405–47) and his son Mīrzā... |
ad7bd73d6215b35d4f64ad7525ae2a22 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shaykh-Haydar | Shaykh Ḥaydar | Shaykh Ḥaydar
Shaykh Ḥaydar, also spelled Sheykh Ḥeydar, (died July 9, 1488, near Darband, on the foothills of the Elburz Mountains, Iran), one of the founders of the Ṣafavid state (1501–1736) in Iran.
Ḥaydar inherited the leadership of the Ṣafavid order, a Shīʿite Muslim movement centred on Ardabīl (now in northwest ... |
ac2de477ce97316eafd02772748c171c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shehu-Shagari | Shehu Shagari | Shehu Shagari
Shehu Shagari, in full Alhaji Shehu Usman Aliyu Shagari, (born 1925, Shagari, Nigeria—died December 28, 2018, Abuja, Nigeria), Nigerian politician, president of Nigeria from 1979 to 1983.
Shagari’s great-grandfather founded the village from which the family took its name. Shagari was educated at Kaduna C... |
7a43099af119515e67a6d073f3066537 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shel-Silverstein | Shel Silverstein | Shel Silverstein
Shel Silverstein, in full Sheldon Allan Silverstein, (born September 25, 1930, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.—died May 10, 1999, Key West, Florida), American cartoonist, children’s author, poet, songwriter, and playwright best known for his light verse and quirky cartoons.
In the 1950s Silverstein drew for t... |
f14889fd2a5ebeb6f7f96da1e61bffae | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shem | Shem | Shem
…persons of Noah’s three sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, ancestors for three of the races of mankind and to account in some degree for their historic relations; and third, by its censure of Canaan, it offers a veiled justification for the later Israelite conquest and subjugation of the Canaanites. Noah’s…
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ffaebc2cc0e2542ec490a412d379b614 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sherira-ben-Hanina | Sherira ben Ḥanina | Sherira ben Ḥanina
He assisted his father, Sherira ben Ḥanina, in teaching and later as chief of court of the academy. A false accusation to the caliph by Jewish adversaries caused them both to be imprisoned briefly (997). When they were freed, Hai’s father appointed him gaon (998).
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d70e36f896796550756c6a2c4a411fec | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sherman-Poppen | Sherman Poppen | Sherman Poppen
…about in 1965, when engineer Sherman Poppen of Muskegon, Michigan—the widely acknowledged “father of the snowboard”—invented the prototype that paved the way for the modern board. The “Snurfer” got its snappy name from Poppen’s wife, who neatly combined the two words that described the contraption’s pur... |
045bd0684094ee25eccb2af5e6258899 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shi-Miyuan | Shi Miyuan | Shi Miyuan
Shi Miyuan emerged as the dominant chief councillor. He came from a bureaucratic family background and understood the gentle approach and the importance of accommodating various kinds of bureaucrats in order to achieve a political balance. Promoting on merit and refraining from nepotism, he restored…
Shi Miy... |
0ae79c991a498650798cff422845c5ff | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shibasaburo-Kitasato | Shibasaburo Kitasato | Shibasaburo Kitasato
Emil von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato in 1890–92, and the results of this first large-scale trial amply confirmed its efficacy. (Tetanus antitoxin is a sterile solution of antibody globulins—a type of blood protein—from immunized horses or cattle.)
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374b1d9a0b31e8663dd471bab6b7b14a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shiga-Naoya | Shiga Naoya | Shiga Naoya
Shiga Naoya, (born Feb. 20, 1883, Ishinomaki, Japan—died Oct. 21, 1971, Tokyo), Japanese fiction writer, a master stylist whose intuitive delicacy and conciseness have been epitomized as the “Shiga style.”
Born into an aristocratic samurai family, Shiga was taken by his parents to live with his paternal ... |
fb80fe522ad21ee2af826e54ea85e7a1 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shigemitsu-Mamoru | Shigemitsu Mamoru | Shigemitsu Mamoru
Shigemitsu Mamoru, (born July 29, 1887, Ōita, Japan—died Jan. 26, 1957, Yugawara), Japanese diplomat who served as minister of foreign affairs in various cabinets and was one of the signers of Japan’s surrender to the Allies at the end of World War II.
Shigemitsu, a graduate of Tokyo University, joi... |
48a6023ccdf3c4036de77a218470bdc7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shihab-al-Din-Ahmad-I | Shihāb-al-Dīn Aḥmad I | Shihāb-al-Dīn Aḥmad I
…of the Bahmanīs, whose ruler Aḥmad Shah Bahmanī moved the site of his capital from Gulbarga (now Kalaburagi) to Bidar about 1425. He rebuilt and extended the fort that still dominates the city’s layout. Bidar became an independent sultanate in 1531 under the Barīd Shāhī dynasty. The city was anne... |
56fda0c457940f8def4d7b17fa0ab71f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shilkhak-In-Shushinak | Shilkhak-In-Shushinak | Shilkhak-In-Shushinak
Shilkhak-In-Shushinak campaigned vigorously, and for at least a short period his domain included most of Mesopotamia east of the Tigris River and reached eastward almost to Persepolis. This greatest period of Elamite conquest ended when Nebuchadrezzar I of Babylon (reigned c. 1119–c. 1098 bce) cap... |
4d9b3d4ffe82576d51195a58bd510b88 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimada-Haruo | Shimada Haruo | Shimada Haruo
Shimada Haruo, a leading Japanese industrial relations scholar, has maintained that one cannot comprehend Japanese industrial and organizational practices without recognizing that Japanese managers regard human resources as the most critical asset affecting the performance of their enterprises. Therefore,... |
6d2d1bf4c478bafd07466fa7a0e4d1d4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimazu-Shigehide | Shimazu Shigehide | Shimazu Shigehide
Shimazu Shigehide, (born November 1745, Kagoshima, Satsuma province, Japan—died March 22, 1833, Edo [Tokyo]), Japanese lord of the great han, or feudal fief, of Satsuma. Shimazu’s strong leadership and his interest in Western studies put Satsuma in a position to play a leading role in Japanese affai... |
9e79773106a83704162f08d0d2c13ec7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimazu-Tadahisa | Shimazu Tadahisa | Shimazu Tadahisa
…the late 12th century by Shimazu Tadahisa (1179–1227), who adopted the surname of Shimazu after he was appointed governor of the southern portion of Kyushu. The clan prospered by taking advantage of trade with Korea and the Ryukyu Islands. By the 16th century the Shimazu had become the major power…
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2a897f2f3a52e88bd8b3feb4201016ac | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimizu-Osamu | Shimizu Osamu | Shimizu Osamu
Shimizu Osamu is perhaps more successful nationalistically in his choral settings of Japanese and Ainu music, in which the style of vocal production and chordal references seems to be a more honest abstraction of Japanese ideals. Mamiya Michio combined traditional timbres with 12-tone compositional techni... |
dbee2097370aa3eae21a82557fa1a242 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimomura-Kanzan | Shimomura Kanzan | Shimomura Kanzan
Shimomura Kanzan, original name Shimomura Seizaburō, (born April 10, 1873, Wakayama, Japan—died May 10, 1930, Tokyo), Japanese artist who contributed to the modernization of traditional Japanese painting.
Shimomura went to Tokyo in 1881 to study painting and became a pupil of Kanō Hōgai and Hashimoto... |
7637371e58b4c30d01973a67a73145bf | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shimon-Peres | Shimon Peres | Shimon Peres
Shimon Peres, original name Shimon Perski, (born August 16?, 1923, Wiszniew, Poland [now Vishnyeva, Belarus]; see Researcher’s Note—died September 28, 2016, Ramat Gan, Israel), Polish-born Israeli statesman, who served as both prime minister (1984–86 and 1995–96) and president (2007–14) of Israel and as l... |
c02feda13b960c6c859f3000b3e149f9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shin-Maha-Thila-Wuntha | Shin Maha Thila Wuntha | Shin Maha Thila Wuntha
…the court of Ava, and Shin Maha Thila Wuntha and Shin Uttamagyaw, both of whom were of village stock and did not go to court but remained on in their village monasteries. Shin Maha Thila Wuntha, in the closing years of his life, turned to prose and wrote a chronicle…
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67ce8d089e0a1c6e58a2ed7d055e0dfc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shing-bya-can | Shing-bya-can | Shing-bya-can
…rides a white lioness; (4) Shing-bya-can, the “king of virtue,” who resides in the southern quarter, is black and rides a black horse; (5) Dgra-lha skyes-gcig-bu, the “king of speech,” who resides in the western quarter, is red and rides a black mule.
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1d202e8aaaed034e45b9286d0bbe86e9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shingei | Shingei | Shingei
Shingei, , also called Geiami, (died 1485, Japan), Japanese artist who represents the second generation of an extraordinary family of painters and art connoisseurs and who served the Ashikaga shoguns (a family of military dictators that ruled Japan, 1338–1573).
Shingei succeeded his father, Shinnō (Nōami), as ... |
c79d4852bcd14037810b2c499963c327 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirin-Ebadi | Shirin Ebadi | Shirin Ebadi
Shirin Ebadi, (born June 21, 1947, Hamadan, Iran), Iranian lawyer, writer, and teacher, who received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 2003 for her efforts to promote democracy and human rights, especially those of women and children in Iran. She was the first Muslim woman and the first Iranian to receive the ... |
6394da904ba3520315c89b98c1356a48 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirley-Babashoff | Shirley Babashoff | Shirley Babashoff
Shirley Babashoff, (born January 31, 1957, Whittier, California, U.S.), American swimmer who won eight Olympic medals and was one of the first two women to win five medals in swimming during one Olympic Games (1976).
At the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, Babashoff won silver medals in the 100- and 200... |
47a151a29851cccb216af3fec8d9dda5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirley-Baker | Shirley Baker | Shirley Baker
…relied heavily on an Englishman, Shirley W. Baker, for advice regarding a new flag, which was first hoisted in 1866 and codified in the constitution of November 4, 1875. Like the British Red Ensign, three-quarters of the flag was plain red and there was a distinctive canton in the upper…
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88e998c32f644040ba717429872ecf1b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirukdukh | Shirukdukh | Shirukdukh
…third king of this line, Shirukdukh, was active in various military coalitions against the rising power of Babylon, but Hammurabi was not to be denied, and Elam was crushed in 1764 bc. The Old Babylon kingdom, however, fell into rapid decline following the death of Hammurabi, and it was not…
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c2f88ccece5019756db6c954f6728187 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shishaku-Saito-Makoto | Shishaku Saitō Makoto | Shishaku Saitō Makoto
Shishaku Saitō Makoto, (born Nov. 13, 1858, Mizusawa, Japan—died Feb. 26, 1936, Tokyo), Japanese naval officer and statesman who was prime minister of Japan (1932–34) and twice governor-general of Korea (1919–27, 1929–31).
Saitō graduated from the Japanese Naval Academy in 1879 and went to the U... |
b3194a6941bb45d4325cf91872fc773b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shitao | Shitao | Shitao
Shitao, Wade-Giles romanization Shih-t’ao, original name Zhu Rueji, (born c. 1638–1641, Guilin, Guangxi province, China—died probably before 1720), Chinese painter and theoretician who was, with Zhu Da, one of the most famous of the Individualist painters in the early Qing period.
Like Zhu, Shitao was of the fo... |
de106b8db4a75cfdd05ae80a9d52936d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shiv-Narayan-Agnihotri | Shiv Narayan Agnihotri | Shiv Narayan Agnihotri
Shiv Narayan Agnihotri, (born 1850, near Kanpur, India—died 1929, Lahore [now in Pakistan]), Hindu founder of a quasi-religious reform movement called Dev Samaj (“Divine Society”).
At the age of 16 Agnihotri entered the government-sponsored Thompson Engineering College in Roorkee, and in 1873 he... |
8c2342c547ff75891d46af7d8285c08e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sho-Tai | Shō Tai | Shō Tai
…king of the Ryukyu Islands, Shō Tai, the title of vassal king and in the following year took over the island’s foreign affairs. In reprisal for the massacre of shipwrecked Ryukyuans by Taiwanese tribesmen in 1871, the Tokyo government sent a punitive expedition to Taiwan. Meanwhile, the Japanese sent an…
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5796637b680a7d391356498b92fde6bb | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shohei-Imamura | Shohei Imamura | Shohei Imamura
…continued to be active, with Imamura Shohei making Unagi (1997; The Eel) and Kenzo Sensei (1998; Dr. Akagi) and Oshima Nagisa directing Gohatto (1999; Taboo). An important newcomer to film in the late 1980s was Kitano Takeshi, a popular television figure who began to write, direct, edit, and star as…
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f134a8903d440b04a4c32bae056ff6ed | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shokado-Shojo | Shōkadō Shōjō | Shōkadō Shōjō
Shōkadō Shōjō, , original name Nakanuma Shikibu, (born 1584, Yamato Province, Japan—died Nov. 3, 1639, Japan), Japanese calligrapher and painter, one of the “three brushes” of the Kan-ei era.
He was a priest and respected theologian of the Shingon sect of Buddhism, who declined high office and retired t... |
70fa69b6e538f4c826a7f66921c4f72b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sholem-Aleichem | Sholem Aleichem | Sholem Aleichem
Sholem Aleichem, pseudonym of Sholem Rabinovitsh, Sholem also spelled Shalom or Sholom, (born February 18, 1859, Pereyaslav, Russia [now Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyy, Ukraine]—died May 13, 1916, New York, New York, U.S.), popular author, a humorist noted for his many Yiddish stories of life in the shtetl. H... |
d008053cf5df0151cd74ab0e1d05a94c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shomu-emperor-of-Japan | Shōmu | Shōmu
Shōmu, in full Shōmu Tennō, personal name Obito, (born 701, Yamato [near Nara], Japan—died June 21, 756, Nara), 45th emperor of Japan, who devoted huge sums of money to the creation of magnificent Buddhist temples and artifacts throughout the realm; during his reign Buddhism virtually became the official state... |
65e8b92945440ff8051d36b75a96f377 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shonda-Rhimes | Shonda Rhimes | Shonda Rhimes
Shonda Rhimes, (born January 13, 1970, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.), American writer and producer who was best known for creating such popular TV series as Grey’s Anatomy (2005– ) and Scandal (2012–18).
Rhimes grew up in a Chicago suburb. After graduating from Dartmouth in 1991, she initially had dreams of b... |
fe484aa2a6476f8f2d4c4660a8ea0ff3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shridhara | Shridhara | Shridhara
Shridhara, (flourished c. 750, India), highly esteemed Hindu mathematician who wrote several treatises on the two major fields of Indian mathematics, pati-ganita (“mathematics of procedures,” or algorithms) and bija-ganita (“mathematics of seeds,” or equations).
Very little is known about Shridhara’s life. S... |
a3fbd0b2e12ad95d8d9a636255b7b11a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shripati | Shripati | Shripati
Shripati, (flourished c. 1045, Rohinikhanda, India), Indian astronomer-astrologer and mathematician whose astrological writings were particularly influential.
Shripati wrote various works in the first two of the three branches of astral science (jyotihshastra)—namely, mathematics (including astronomy), horosc... |
5d9a19835147e6890f35aa8264e52c3a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shu-ilishu | Shu-ilishu | Shu-ilishu
…Ur, and under his successor, Shu-ilishu, a statue of the moon god Nanna, the city god of Ur, was recovered from the Elamites, who had carried it off. Up to the reign of Lipit-Ishtar (c. 1934–c. 1924), the rulers of Isin so resembled those of Ur, as far as the…
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a61d0c7360310f5b54f2f03f97840c03 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shubun | Shūbun | Shūbun
Shūbun, , also called Tenshō Shūbun, (born 14th century?, Ōmi Province, Japan—died 1444–48?, Kyōto), priest-painter who was a key figure in the development of monochromatic ink painting (suiboku-ga) in Japan.
His career represents an intermediate stage between the early suiboku-ga artists, who followed their C... |
68f33bf2f76b7e8c6a985083bc61a72b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shuja-al-Dawlah | Shujāʿ-al-Dawlah | Shujāʿ-al-Dawlah
Shujāʿal-Dawlah received back Avadh, with a guarantee of its security, in return for paying the troops involved and a cash indemnity. These two were to be buffers between the company and the Marathas and possible marauders from the north.
…handed Allahabad and Kora to Shujāʿ al-Dawlah of Avadh in retur... |
935ba7073693d02ea8708143847c1e6b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shuja-ibn-Mana | Shujāʿ ibn Mana | Shujāʿ ibn Mana
…(1232; British Museum) made by Shujāʿ ibn Mana. The ewer features representational as well as abstract design, depicting battle scenes, animals, and musicians within medallions. Mosul metalworkers also created pieces for eastern Christians. A candlestick of this variety (1238; Museum of Decorative Arts... |
34991e489bef2406814c6824df99397e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shunzong | Shunzong | Shunzong
…by the brief reign of Shunzong, an invalid monarch whose court was dominated by the clique of Wang Shuwen and Wang Pei. They planned to take control of the palace armies from the eunuchs but failed.
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4fd57001e061ed73fe13c5cbc40caeb4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shutruk-Nahhunte | Shutruk-Nahhunte | Shutruk-Nahhunte
…opened with the reign of Shutruk-Nahhunte I (c. 1160 bc). Two equally powerful and two rather less impressive kings followed this founder of a new dynasty, whose home was probably Susa, and in this period Elam became one of the great military powers of the Middle East. Tukulti-Ninurta died about…
The ... |
361475fa2e0fe5b8f44936ca26c0901b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Si-Lawlor | Si Lawlor | Si Lawlor
…won by the American sailor Si Lawlor. A series of single-handed races, sponsored by the London Observer, began in 1960 and was held quadrennially thereafter. It was in these races that Francis Chichester (later Sir Francis Chichester) attracted attention. Interest in sailing around the world was greatly stim... |
9f8d9a986a57845f4b7cb7eb0ef491e3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Si-Votha | Si Votha | Si Votha
…1861 by Norodom’s half brother Si Votha, was put down with the aid of Thai troops. At this point the French, who had been ceded much of Cochinchina (southern Vietnam), sought to assert Vietnamese claims to Cambodian tribute, seeing the adjacent Cambodian provinces as future colonial possessions. The French fo... |
8049c43cc14c4d95743ae6da1924427b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Siddhartha-Mukherjee | Siddhartha Mukherjee | Siddhartha Mukherjee
Siddhartha Mukherjee, (born July 21, 1970, New Delhi, India), Indian-born American oncologist and writer celebrated for his effort to demystify cancer with his Pulitzer Prize-winning book The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer (2010). The work was published to wide acclaim and later fo... |
a311e1312abba00037f126b6897a4421 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Altman | Sidney Altman | Sidney Altman
Sidney Altman, (born May 7, 1939, Montreal, Que., Can.), Canadian American molecular biologist who, with Thomas R. Cech, received the 1989 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their discoveries concerning the catalytic properties of RNA, or ribonucleic acid.
Altman received a B.S. in physics in 1960 from the Ma... |
71cba1fde59b7d190c90137b733a84e7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Bechet | Sidney Bechet | Sidney Bechet
Sidney Bechet, (born May 14, 1897, New Orleans—died May 14, 1959, Paris), jazz musician known as a master of the soprano saxophone.
Bechet began as a clarinetist at the age of six and by 1914 was a veteran who had worked in several semilegendary local bands, including those of Jack Carey and Buddy Petit... |
954dcd960d34c8f8fec8b082a9a2a5b0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Frances-Bateman | Sidney Frances Bateman | Sidney Frances Bateman
Bateman made his stage debut in 1832 and acted in various repertory companies until 1849. Then he, his wife, Sidney Frances, and his two eldest daughters, Kate and Ellen, aged six and four, respectively, began to tour widely as stars. Later Ellen played Richard III,…
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7c8146b08ed1078eaaedfca15970f9e0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Godolphin-Alexander-Shippard | Sir Sidney Godolphin Alexander Shippard | Sir Sidney Godolphin Alexander Shippard
Sir Sidney Godolphin Alexander Shippard, (born May 29, 1837, Brussels, Belg.—died March 29, 1902, London, Eng.), British colonial official in South Africa who served as administrator in the Bechuanaland Protectorate (now Botswana) from 1885 to 1895 and was closely associated wi... |
fc6ece0e217c9f487f7416e4f29ac24d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Siegfried-Sassoon | Siegfried Sassoon | Siegfried Sassoon
Siegfried Sassoon, (born Sept. 8, 1886, Brenchley, Kent, Eng.—died Sept. 1, 1967, Heytesbury, Wiltshire), English poet and novelist, known for his antiwar poetry and for his fictionalized autobiographies, praised for their evocation of English country life.
Sassoon enlisted in World War I and was tw... |
01d6b80fe353a8813b80e1a448ad523f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Romberg | Sigmund Romberg | Sigmund Romberg
Sigmund Romberg, (born July 29, 1887, Nagykanizsa, Austria-Hungary [now in Hungary]—died November 9, 1951, New York, New York, U.S.), Hungarian-born American composer whose works include several successful operettas.
Romberg was educated in Vienna as an engineer, but he also studied composition and bec... |
5f94a7ad2a8af26ec8922a34e2d30002 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Sternberg | Sir Sigmund Sternberg | Sir Sigmund Sternberg
Sir Sigmund Sternberg, (born June 2, 1921, Budapest, Hungary—died October 18, 2016, London, England), Hungarian-born British philanthropist and entrepreneur who was known for his efforts to foster connectedness between various religious faiths. He was the founder and president of the Sternberg Fo... |
b834b48e6bc9f699a7423c05e2608dd2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silius-Italicus | Silius Italicus | Silius Italicus
Silius Italicus, in full Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus, (born c. ad 26, Patavium [now Padua, Italy]—died 102), Latin epic poet whose 17-book, 12,000-line Punica on the Second Punic War (218–201 bc) is the longest poem in Latin literature.
Silius was a distinguished advocate in his earlier ... |
10f317c606c5e3d6f426a533e68092e9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvestro-Lega | Silvestro Lega | Silvestro Lega
…his usually socially conscious scenes; Silvestro Lega (1826–95), who combined a clearly articulated handling of colour patches with a poetic feeling for his subject; and Raffaello Sernesi (1838–66) and Giuseppe Abbati (1836–68), both of whom also used colour in a highly original manner.
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1a5164221a99e234a5a5710b992fc8be | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvia-queen-consort-of-Sweden | Silvia | Silvia
Silvia, original name in full Silvia Renate Sommerlath, (born Dec. 23, 1943, Heidelberg, Ger.), queen consort of Sweden (1976– ), wife of King Carl XVI Gustaf.
Silvia was born in Heidelberg, Ger., to a Brazilian mother and German father. When she was three years old, her family moved to São Paulo, where she spe... |
e409eac746d9758e872046b37816aae9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvio-Mayorga | Silvio Mayorga | Silvio Mayorga
…1962 by Carlos Fonseca Amador, Silvio Mayorga, and Tomás Borge Martínez as a revolutionary group committed to socialism and to the overthrow of the Somoza family. Over the next 10 years the FSLN organized political support among students, workers, and peasants. By the mid-1970s its attacks on the Nicara... |
8627a2262db73b9383a3ae5b12d9326e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simanas-Daukantas | Simanas Daukantas | Simanas Daukantas
Simanas Daukantas, (born Oct. 28, 1793, Kalviai, Lithuania—died Dec. 6 [Nov. 24, old style], 1864, Papilė, Lithuania, Russian Empire), historian who was the first to write a history of Lithuania in Lithuanian and a pioneer of the Lithuanian national renaissance.
Daukantas studied languages and liter... |
9d12634b1d1489c0a990fd201640f97b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar/Bolivia | Bolivia | Bolivia
Bolívar was now president of Gran Colombia and dictator of Peru. Only a small section of the continent—Upper Peru—was still defended by royalist forces. The liberation of that region fell to Sucre, and in April 1825 he reported that the task had been accomplished. The new country chose to be called Bolivia, a v... |
f5470341af30b56d20cccf69150c7caf | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-de-Colines | Simon de Colines | Simon de Colines
Simon de Colines, (born 1480—died 1546), French printer who pioneered the use of italic types in France. He worked as a partner of Henri Estienne, the founder of an important printing house in Paris.
Estienne died in 1520, and Colines married his widow and was in charge of the press until Estienne’s ... |
f1a0de32fa20fcb7a2d3acc000ee34de | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Le-Moyne | Simon Le Moyne | Simon Le Moyne
The Jesuit missionary Father Simon Le Moyne in 1654 was the first European to note the site’s brine springs (later the basis of a salt industry). A mission and Fort Sainte Marie de Gannentaha were established nearby in 1655–56, but Indian hostility and the swampy location (notorious for summer…
|
0c1a14349e69c42530d3f4aad3889d96 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Magus | Simon Magus | Simon Magus
Simon Magus, (Latin), English Simon the Magician, or The Sorcerer, (flourished 1st century ad), practitioner of magical arts who probably came from Gitta, a village in biblical Samaria. Simon, according to the New Testament account in Acts of the Apostles 8:9–24, after becoming a Christian, offered to purc... |
b73ee6da9b1885f8c3c62533489fd8a0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Ushakov | Simon Ushakov | Simon Ushakov
Simon Ushakov, (born 1626, Moscow, Russia—died June 25, 1686, Moscow), iconographer, portrait painter, builder of monuments, designer, cartographer, book illustrator, theoretician, and teacher who was the most distinguished Russian artist of the 17th century. He was for many years the head of the Imperia... |
af8ff780cb395afbc6ab0f65aee71da8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simone-Boccanegra | Simone Boccanegra | Simone Boccanegra
…resulted in the election of Simone Boccanegra (1301–63), descendant of Guglielmo’s brother Lanfranco, as the first Genoese doge. Deposed in 1344, Simone fled with his family to Pisa, returning to office in 1356 with the aid of the Visconti, the rulers of Milan. According to tradition, he was poisoned... |
37716dc660b97f10bc1f3bf710d8cac3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simone-Martini | Simone Martini | Simone Martini
Simone Martini, (born c. 1284, Siena, Republic of Siena [Italy]—died 1344, Avignon, Provence, France), important exponent of Gothic painting who did more than any other artist to spread the influence of Sienese painting.
Simone was very possibly a pupil of Duccio di Buoninsegna, from whom he probably i... |
3a93751b1b7144ee6902ce3702b1526b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sin-shar-ishkun | Sin-shar-ishkun | Sin-shar-ishkun
…throne, but his twin brother Sin-shar-ishkun did not recognize him. The fight between them and their supporters forced the old king to withdraw to Harran, in 632 at the latest, perhaps ruling from there over the western part of the empire until his death in 627. Ashur-etel-ilani governed in Assyria…
|
458b77c058662e9a7239ec7f0b8ae841 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sin-shum-lisher | Sin-shum-lisher | Sin-shum-lisher
…about 633, but a general, Sin-shum-lisher, soon rebelled against him and proclaimed himself counter-king. Some years later (629?) Sin-shar-ishkun finally succeeded in obtaining the kingship. In Babylonian documents dates can be found for all three kings. To add to the confusion, until 626 there are als... |
3dc042e013eddbded19eda0df891a088 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Alexander-John-Ball-1st-Baronet | Sir Alexander John Ball, 1st Baronet | Sir Alexander John Ball, 1st Baronet
Sir Alexander John Ball, 1st Baronet, (born July 22, 1757, Ebworth Park, Painswick, Gloucestershire, England—died October 25, 1809, Attard, Malta), rear admiral, a close friend of Admiral Lord Nelson, who directed the blockade of Malta (1798–1800) and served as civil commissioner (... |
02ec2043f901dd611de33fdf78002c85 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Arthur-Travers-Harris-1st-Baronet | Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet | Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet
Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet, byname Bomber Harris, (born April 13, 1892, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England—died April 5, 1984, Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire), British air officer who initiated and directed the “saturation bombing” that the Royal Air Force inflicted ... |
508a866b10d2b7db0e23977f6311a4da | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Gilbert-Parker-Baronet | Sir Gilbert Parker, Baronet | Sir Gilbert Parker, Baronet
Sir Gilbert Parker, Baronet, in full Sir Horatio Gilbert Parker, Baronet, (born Nov. 23, 1862, Camden East, Ont., Can.—died Sept. 6, 1932, London), British novelist of popular adventure and historical romances whose most widely known work was The Seats of the Mighty (1896), a novel of the ... |
a82052df87d697f8c341e4e8c52b3eb2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Henry-Hughes-Wilson-Baronet | Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, Baronet | Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, Baronet
Sir Henry Hughes Wilson, Baronet, (born May 5, 1864, near Edgeworthstown, County Longford, Ire.—died June 22, 1922, London, Eng.), British field marshal, chief of the British imperial general staff, and main military adviser to Prime Minister David Lloyd George in the last year of Wor... |
7e84894e4a92a5e9bfb10166b8b6cb25 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Henry-ONeal-de-Hane-Segrave | Sir Henry Segrave | Sir Henry Segrave
Sir Henry Segrave, (born Sept. 22, 1896, Baltimore, Md., U.S.—died June 13, 1930, Lake Windermere, Westmorland, Eng.), American-born English automobile and motorboat racer who set three world land speed records.
Educated at Eton and Sandhurst, Segrave served with the Royal Air Force in World War I. ... |
35a7582b9f3b7aaa0b99caf8eefd5b96 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Isaac-Lyon-Goldsmid-1st-Baronet | Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1st Baronet | Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1st Baronet
Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, 1st Baronet, (born January 13, 1778, London, England—died April 27, 1859, London), financier, Britain’s first Jewish baronet, whose work for Jewish emancipation in that nation made possible the passage of the Jewish Disabilities Bill of 1859, granting basic... |
b7fa7dd89a4ecc98a54a6749699571a7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-James-Sempill-of-Beltrees | Sir James Sempill | Sir James Sempill
Sir James Sempill, (born 1566—died February 1626, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scot.), Scottish poet remembered for his satirical poem A picktooth for the Pope, or the packman’s paternoster (1630?), an antipapal dialogue between a peddler and a priest written in rhyming couplets. Born into a family of Sco... |
736d94da3692b64ee6d73ce3365542cc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-John-Francis-Edward-Acton-6th-Baronet | Sir John Francis Edward Acton, 6th Baronet | Sir John Francis Edward Acton, 6th Baronet
Sir John Francis Edward Acton, 6th Baronet, (born June 1736, Besançon, Fr.—died Aug. 12, 1811, Palermo), commander of the naval forces of Tuscany and then of Naples who as prime minister of Naples allied that kingdom with England and Austria in the period of the French Revol... |
f63669c59f5f396f1b46e7988c1f7149 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Josiah-Child-1st-Baronet | Sir Josiah Child, 1st Baronet | Sir Josiah Child, 1st Baronet
Sir Josiah Child, 1st Baronet, (born 1630, London, England—died June 22, 1699, London?), English merchant, economist, and governor of the East India Company.
The son of a London merchant, Child amassed a fortune as supplier of food to the navy. He also became a considerable stockholder in... |
1aebfdeb6436ae3f34179b6adb5212ff | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Moses-Montefiore-Baronet | Sir Moses Montefiore, Baronet | Sir Moses Montefiore, Baronet
Sir Moses Montefiore, Baronet, in full Sir Moses Haim Montefiore, Baronet, (born October 24, 1784, Livorno [Italy]—died July 28, 1885, near Ramsgate, Kent, England), Italian-born businessman who was noted for his philanthropy and support of Jewish rights.
Scion of an old Italian Jewish me... |
8fa3daee4176f11ad27a9fc37da6942e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Reginald-Myles-Ansett | Sir Reginald Myles Ansett | Sir Reginald Myles Ansett
Sir Reginald Myles Ansett, (born February 13, 1909, Inglewood, Victoria, Australia—died December 23, 1981, Mount Eliza, Victoria), Australian pilot and businessman who started his own airline and subsidiary services.
Ansett was educated at Swinburne Technical College (now Swinburne University... |
bd012482329249fcf2e309d76eec3068 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Reginald-Wingate-1st-Baronet | Sir Reginald Wingate, 1st Baronet | Sir Reginald Wingate, 1st Baronet
Sir Reginald Wingate, 1st Baronet, in full Sir Francis Reginald Wingate, (born June 25, 1861, Port Glasgow, Renfrew, Scotland—died January 28, 1953, Dunbar, East Lothian), British general and imperial administrator, principal founder and governor-general (1899–1916) of the Anglo-Egypt... |
3eca5679cafcea94914488ff4d5bd7df | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-William-de-Wiveleslie-Abney | Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney | Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney
Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney, (born July 24, 1843, Derby, Derbyshire, Eng.—died Dec. 3, 1920, Folkestone, Kent), a specialist in the chemistry of photography, especially noted for his development of a photographic emulsion that he used to map the solar spectrum far into the infrare... |
9f3eedf996183f31206ba99d3edd7ba8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sisowath | Sisowath | Sisowath
Sisowath, also spelled Sisovat, or Si Suvata, (born Sept. 7, 1840, Bătdâmbâng province, Cambodia—died 1927, Phnom Penh), king of Cambodia from 1904 until his death. He was a figurehead for the French colonial administration, which had secured the protectorate over Cambodia in a treaty signed by Sisowath’s ha... |
3b5b39de159b4c0293aee4fe9717cbec | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Smokey-Joe-Williams | Smokey Joe Williams | Smokey Joe Williams
Smokey Joe Williams, byname of Joseph Williams, (born April 6, 1886?, Seguin, Texas, U.S.—died Feb. 25, 1951?, New York, N.Y.), American baseball player who was an early star of the Negro leagues.
Williams was a 6-foot 4-inch (1.93 metre) right-handed pitcher who combined a high-velocity fastball w... |
e0fb455012c1fe861da6380d60c67ac9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sobhuza-II | Sobhuza II | Sobhuza II
Sobhuza II, byname Ngwenyama (siSwati language: “Lion”), (born July 22, 1899, Swaziland—died Aug. 21, 1982, Lobzilla Palace, near Mbabane, Swaziland), king of the Swazi from 1921 and of the Kingdom of Swaziland from 1967 to 1982.
His father, King Ngwane V, died when Sobhuza was an infant, and a queen regen... |
95771004f11c748e6fddb1dd70c53c07 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sofia-Gubaidulina | Sofia Gubaidulina | Sofia Gubaidulina
Sofia Gubaidulina, (born October 24, 1931, Chistopol, Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic [now Tatarstan, Russia]), Russian composer, whose works fuse Russian and Central Asian regional styles with the Western classical tradition.
During her youth, Gubaidulina studied music in the city of Kaza... |
2acc07fffb056b7fdf32eace982ce379 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-ben-Abraham-Adret | Solomon ben Abraham Adret | Solomon ben Abraham Adret
Solomon ben Abraham Adret, Hebrew Rabbi Shlomo Ben Abraham Adret, acronym Rashba, (born 1235, Barcelona, Spain—died 1310, Barcelona), outstanding spiritual leader of Spanish Jewry of his time (known as El Rab de España [the Rabbi of Spain]); he is remembered partly for his controversial dec... |
bdca440898c0b36cafb49e49b68ae82f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-Burke | Solomon Burke | Solomon Burke
Solomon Burke, (born March 21, 1940, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.—died October 10, 2010, Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands), American singer whose success in the early 1960s in merging the gospel style of the African American churches with rhythm and blues helped to usher in the soul music era.
Born into a... |
45f30290eb11ac5d3ea0d6b3964b29aa | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Somdet-Chao-Phraya-Si-Suriyawong | Somdet Chao Phraya Si Suriyawong | Somdet Chao Phraya Si Suriyawong
Somdet Chao Phraya Si Suriyawong, , original name Chuang Bunnag, (born Dec. 23, 1808—died Jan. 19, 1883, Rat Buri, Siam), leading minister under King Mongkut and regent during the minority of King Chulalongkorn, who exercised tremendous influence during a crucial period when the Siame... |
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