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c57cfb0a37a8c0c85d38695a15fe8b40 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Aleutian-Trench | Aleutian Trench | Aleutian Trench
Aleutian Trench, submarine trench located on the south side of the Aleutian Islands between the Gulf of Alaska and the Komandor Islands in the North Pacific Ocean. The Aleutian Trench reaches a maximum depth of 26,604 feet (8,109 metres) at about 51° N, 178° W. The average slopes of its northern side r... |
d6581766050e171b68ef56ea04d1b9d6 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandre-III-Bridge | Alexandre III Bridge | Alexandre III Bridge
…the Quai d’Orsay and the Alexandre III Bridge. The first stone for the bridge, which commemorates the Russian tsar Alexander III, was laid in 1897 by Alexander’s son, Tsar Nicholas II. The bridge was finished in time for the International Exposition of 1900, and it leads to two other souvenirs…
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74e6065d0db7d3c98e9bc40277e805a5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt/City-layout | City layout | City layout
Designed by Alexander’s personal architect, Dinocrates, the city incorporated the best in Hellenic planning and architecture. Within a century of its founding, its splendours rivaled anything known in the ancient world. The pride of ancient Alexandria was the great lighthouse, the Pharos of Alexandria, whic... |
0d77a46b4fb7380cc01da47706325fb5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt/Evolution-of-the-modern-city | Evolution of the modern city | Evolution of the modern city
Alexandria’s rebirth began when Muḥammad ʿAlī was appointed Ottoman viceroy and pasha of Egypt in 1805. Seeking to use Egypt as a base from which to expand his own power, he reopened Alexandria’s access to the Nile by building the 45-mile- (72-km-) long Al-Maḥmūdiyyah Canal (completed betwe... |
3f9ef23097d1798008f7aef638ab436b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt/History | History | History
Alexander the Great founded the city in 332 bce after the start of his Persian campaign; it was to be the capital of his new Egyptian dominion and a naval base that would control the Mediterranean. The choice of the site that included the ancient settlement of Rhakotis (which dates to 1500 bce) was determined b... |
d5b6c6973e2d7db4c1674de6cd126871 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt/Transportation | Transportation | Transportation
Alexandria is linked to other Egyptian cities by railway, road, and air service. It also is connected by canal with the Nile. Transport within the city is provided by tram service, as well as a system of taxis and buses. The main rail link to Cairo has been upgraded several times, and Alexandria is also ... |
ebe3508d1f86d8a39eccf0c0ebbce0c2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Romania | Alexandria | Alexandria
Alexandria, town, capital of Teleorman judeƫ (county), southern Romania. It lies along the southward-flowing Vedea River in the Danube floodplain. Alexandria is a regional marketing centre for agricultural produce, mostly grain. The town also has flour mills and other food-processing plants. Manufactures in... |
bc14ccb692415fc24e899b6484098bd2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Virginia | Alexandria | Alexandria
Alexandria, city, adjoining Arlington and Fairfax counties, northern Virginia, U.S. It lies on the Potomac River (there bridged at the Maryland state line), 6 miles (10 km) south of the District of Columbia. A fort was built on the site in 1676 to defend the area from attacks by Susquehannock (Susquehanna) ... |
ff3a1937429bc3aa394b1ffce893cf56 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Bouteflikas-fourth-term-though-he-had-suffered-a-stroke | Bouteflika’s fourth term, though he had suffered a stroke | Bouteflika’s fourth term, though he had suffered a stroke
Bouteflika easily won a fourth term as president, receiving more than 81 percent of the vote in April 2014, despite having rarely appeared in public to govern or campaign since suffering a debilitating stroke in April of the previous year. Several of his opponen... |
e1fc511b0ca2bf8febcff57c60ca44c8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Cultural-institutions | Cultural institutions | Cultural institutions
Algeria has a number of fine museums, most of which are located in the capital and are administered by the Office of Cultural Heritage (1901). The National Museum of Antiquities (1897) displays artifacts dating from the Roman and Islamic periods. The National Fine Arts Museum of Algiers (1930) hou... |
e2cfc79804da03f6a7d02d972ab38fc2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Cultural-life | Cultural life | Cultural life
Algerian culture and society were profoundly affected by 130 years of colonial rule, by the bitter independence struggle, and by the subsequent broad mobilization policies of postindependence regimes. A transient, nearly rootless society has emerged, whose cultural continuity has been deeply undermined. S... |
cfb272eb1fdb3576f237c76b1e8f45b4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Independent-Algeria | Independent Algeria | Independent Algeria
The human cost of the war remains unknown, particularly on the Algerian side. Some estimates put French military losses at 27,000 killed and civilian losses at 5,000 to 6,000. French sources suggest that casualties among Algerians totaled between 300,000 and 500,000, while Algerian sources claim as ... |
5e22991ea749d2b903f815bbfe1ce9ef | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Languages | Languages | Languages
Arabic became the official national language of Algeria in 1990, and most Algerians speak one of several dialects of vernacular Arabic. These are generally similar to dialects spoken in adjacent areas of Morocco and Tunisia. Modern Standard Arabic is taught in schools. The Amazigh language (Tamazight)—in seve... |
903c472c504498f4a1b7d7c03918e863 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/Nationalist-movements | Nationalist movements | Nationalist movements
Algerian nationalism developed out of the efforts of three different groups. The first consisted of Algerians who had gained access to French education and earned their living in the French sector. Often called assimilationists, they pursued gradualist, reformist tactics, shunned illegal actions, ... |
9ff7f920d77fd9172ddf087ad6bd3d41 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria/The-Algerian-War-of-Independence | The Algerian War of Independence | The Algerian War of Independence
Nationalist parties had existed for many years, but they became increasingly radical as they realized that their goals were not going to be achieved through peaceful means. Prior to World War II the Party of the Algerian People (Parti du Peuple Algérien) had been founded by Messali Hadj... |
7763a48799b8977e14b335ec54ff958f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ali-Shah-mosque | ʿAlī Shāh mosque | ʿAlī Shāh mosque
…scale also accounted for the ʿAlī Shāh mosque in Tabrīz, whose eyvān measuring 150 by 80 by 100 feet (45 by 25 by 30 metres) was meant to be the largest ever built. The eyvān vault collapsed almost immediately after it had been constructed, but its walls, 35 feet (10…
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7cbac2a90623ff1245d649290eeff2c7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alicante-Spain | Alicante | Alicante
Alicante, Valencian Alacant, port city, capital of Alicante provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Valencia, southeastern Spain. It is located on Alicante Bay of the Mediterranean Sea. Founded as Akra Leuke (“White Summit”) by Phocaean Greeks (from the west coast of Asia Min... |
bdde887af2781c491bb750bfaa5070a8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alice-Springs | Alice Springs | Alice Springs
Alice Springs, town, Northern Territory, Australia. It is the main focus of the Centre, a name given to approximately 100,000 square miles (260,000 square km) of central Australia that includes large areas of desert and rocky ridges.
Alice Springs lies on the intermittent Todd River and the Stuart Highwa... |
58fd2069dd39f95a0211c9a7c61f978c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alipore | Alipore | Alipore
Alipore, also spelled Alipur, town, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India. It is a southern suburb of Kolkata (Calcutta) situated just south of the Hugli (Hooghly) River and is included within the municipality.
Alipore has major industries including printing and bookbinding, cement manufacture, oi... |
b7c683f160a92ffdbe33806d0769385d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alipur-Duar | Alipur Duar | Alipur Duar
Alipur Duar, also spelled Alipurduar, town, northeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India. It is situated on a level plain on the Kalyani River, about 10 miles (16 km) north-northeast of Koch Bihar.
Alipur Duar is an important railway junction for northern West Bengal, and it is also connected by road... |
1a3bae82fba67e2079aa5e5f903d5d9d | https://www.britannica.com/place/All-Saints-monastery-Schaffhausen-Switzerland | All Saints | All Saints
…there the Benedictine monastery of All Saints, around which the community developed. The town became a free imperial city between 1190 and 1218 but fell under Habsburg domination from 1330, until it bought its independence in 1415. It allied with the Swiss Confederation against the Habsburgs in 1454 and was... |
ad3ee243fed7c54052766ae87c3c0db9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegany-county-Maryland | Allegany | Allegany
Allegany, county, western Maryland, U.S. It consists of an irregular neck of land between Pennsylvania to the north and West Virginia to the south (the North Branch Potomac River constituting the border with West Virginia). The county rests on part of the Allegheny Plateau and includes Rocky Gap State Park, G... |
a8b94d81ab5053f06d161810ca36145a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegany-county-New-York | Allegany | Allegany
Allegany, county, southwestern New York state, U.S., bordered to the south by Pennsylvania and comprising a region of moderate relief. The principal waterways are the Genesee River and Rushford and Cuba lakes. Public lands include the Oil Spring Indian Reservation and state wildlife management areas at Hangin... |
1cea4e1e5a28da6da7dcde7b3009a047 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegheny | Allegheny | Allegheny
Allegheny, county, southwestern Pennsylvania, U.S., consisting of a hilly region on the Allegheny Plateau bounded to the southeast by the Monongahela and Youghiogheny rivers and to the northeast by the Allegheny River. The Ohio, Allegheny, and Monongahela rivers converge in the centre of the county to form a... |
beda9c9d71a0ba13bcb0a7bac255ed0a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegheny-Front | Allegheny Front | Allegheny Front
…these are separated by the Allegheny Front, dividing the waters that flow to the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing to the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian Plateau Province covers the western two-thirds of the state and coincides with the Ohio River drainage basin. It is a region severely dissected by…
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99a68728a975c738a9b23ef0ce0bd5ba | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegheny-Portage-Railroad | Allegheny Portage Railroad | Allegheny Portage Railroad
…a 701-foot construction on the Allegheny Portage Railroad. Built in 1831–33, it was a combination of canal and railroad systems, carrying canal barges over a summit. Though plans for a transport link from Boston to the Hudson River had first called for a canal tunnel to pass under the Berksh... |
65582a5bb1299ec4f1d6c7cdd1024d1c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allegheny-River | Allegheny River | Allegheny River
Allegheny River, river rising in the hilly plateau region of Potter county, Pennsylvania, U.S., and flowing generally northward for about 80 miles (130 km). The river enters New York state where the Allegheny Reservoir is impounded at Allegany State Park. Turning southwest, it continues for 120 miles (... |
776130a9418b43b3ea4f374843ae9578 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Allendale-county-South-Carolina | Allendale | Allendale
Allendale, county, southern South Carolina, U.S. It is a rural area on the Coastal Plain. The Savannah River border with Georgia defines the western boundary, the Salkehatchie River the northeastern. It is also drained by the Coosawhatchie River. Much of the area is covered by pine and mixed forests. Swamps ... |
a2ccf4be1e601ea23cddfd7bf9b99835 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alloway | Alloway | Alloway
Alloway, southern suburb of the town of Ayr, South Ayrshire council area, historic county of Ayrshire, Scotland, famous as the birthplace of Scotland’s national poet, Robert Burns. There is a museum alongside the thatched cottage where he was born in 1759 and a memorial built in 1820 in the form of a Grecian t... |
ced90da9ba4f5c142829c47a1eb42842 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Almas-Peak | Almas Peak | Almas Peak
…Gerais into southern Bahia, where Almas Peak reaches 6,070 feet (1,850 metres). The Serra Geral de Goiás separates the states of Goiás and Tocantins to the west from Bahia to the east. Goiás state also includes some of the more elevated parts of the Planalto Central, the Serra dos Pirineus,…
…reaches its ma... |
0ee3c8653f1d0de5e033948c82bddb20 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Almeria-Spain | Almería | Almería
Almería, port city and capital of Almería provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Andalusia, southern Spain, on the Mediterranean Gulf of Almería. Known to the Romans as Portus Magnus and to the Moors as Al-Marīyah (“Mirror of the Sea”), it was captured by the Catholic Monarch... |
ac349aead320a306b4a729c242d9220f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Almora | Almora | Almora
Almora, town, southeastern Uttarakhand state, northern India. It lies on a ridge of the Siwalik Range (foothills of the Himalayas) about 35 miles (55 km) west of Pithoragarh and 170 miles (275 km) northeast of Delhi.
After the Gurkhas (ethnic Nepali soldiers) captured Almora in 1790, they built a fort on the ri... |
338353739a36e3c2b1aea89015121a27 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alnwick-England | Alnwick | Alnwick
Alnwick, town, unitary authority and historic county of Northumberland, northeastern England. It lies on the south bank of the River Aln, between the Cheviot Hills and the sea.
The town is dominated by the Norman castle, after 1309 the principal seat of the Percy family, who later became earls of Northumberlan... |
1f284e350b1f76133cd8e6d620b3af19 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alnwick-former-district-England | Alnwick | Alnwick
Alnwick, former district, unitary authority and historic county of Northumberland, northern England, that borders Scotland on the northwest and the North Sea on the east. Alnwick descends eastward from the peaty moorlands of the Cheviot Hills, which reach elevations above 2,000 feet (610 metres) along the Scot... |
415ae8c5348f5dbe2473e2c482822770 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alofi-Island | Alofi Island | Alofi Island
…of volcanic islands (Futuna and Alofi) forming the southwestern part of the French overseas collectivity of Wallis and Futuna, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Futuna (not to be confused with its namesake in Vanuatu, which is said to have been settled from Futuna) is the site of Mount Singavi (also…
…it... |
bf5fc3a1d03b778adbc4382ee5898d95 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alpheus-River | Alpheus River | Alpheus River
Alpheus River, also spelled Alpheius, Modern Greek Alfiós Potamós, river, the longest of the Peloponnese (Modern Greek: Pelopónnisos), Greece, rising near Dhaviá in central Arcadia (Arkadía), with a course of about 70 miles (110 km). Leaving the plain of Megalópolis in a rugged gorge, above which it is k... |
ddae9404da1e7a67150369e565a19dfe | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alpine-Geosyncline | Alpine Geosyncline | Alpine Geosyncline
…Earth’s crust known as the Alpine geosyncline, dating from the late Oligocene Epoch (about 25 million years ago), and the region thus reflects some of the same structural characteristics as the younger mountains of Europe. Northern and central Ciscaucasia have a platformlike construction, with a fou... |
1c8edc47a02e539c3812983498e291f5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alps/Climate | Climate | Climate
The location of the Alps, as well as the great variations in their elevations and exposure, give rise to extreme differences in climate, not only among separate ranges but also within a particular range itself. Because of their central location in Europe, the Alps are affected by four main climatic influences: ... |
1c1399a2ea5aadf18409004af26b0949 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alps/Human-impact-on-the-Alpine-environment | Human impact on the Alpine environment | Human impact on the Alpine environment
The early travelers to the Alps were greatly inspired by the pristine beauty of what they saw, and from their inspiration sprang the modern popularity of the Alpine region. With popularity, however, came growth; and the impact of so many people caused a steady degradation of the A... |
1db8de8c0ff6cc81f087a4ce7867f3ba | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alps/Physical-features | Physical features | Physical features
The Alps emerged during the Alpine orogeny, an event that began about 65 million years ago as the Mesozoic Era was drawing to a close. A broad outline helps to clarify the main episodes of a complicated process. At the end of the Paleozoic Era, about 250 million years ago, eroded Hercynian mountains, ... |
04d2ebab72125198c08fcbade8397b7a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alps/Study-and-exploration | Study and exploration | Study and exploration
Records of ascents of various peaks in the Alps date from at least as early as the 14th century, and, in the late 18th and the 19th centuries, the interest in this activity created a vogue for serious mountaineering that began in the Alps and spread throughout the world. Horace Bénédict de Saussur... |
b87323f27cd9b842ccffd77dd7ce2a18 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alsace | Alsace | Alsace
Alsace, historical region and former région of France, incorporated since January 2016 into the région of Grand Est. As an administrative entity, it encompassed the départements of Haut-Rhin (“Upper Rhine”) and Bas-Rhin (“Lower Rhine”) and was bounded by the régions of Lorraine to the west and Franche-Comté to ... |
cdf33089650339f0932fb572cc1606d2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alta | Alta | Alta
Alta, town and ski resort, Salt Lake county, northern Utah, U.S. Lying at an elevation of 8,583 feet (2,616 metres) in the Little Cottonwood Canyon of the Wasatch Range 26 miles (42 km) east of Salt Lake City, the town—then a silver mining camp—was founded as Central City in 1866 and renamed Alta (Spanish: “High”... |
07e04364dd09f1ad99883002d712fe0f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Altair-star | Altair | Altair
Altair, also called Alpha Aquilae, the brighest star in the northern constellation Aquila and the 12th brightest star in the sky. With the bright stars Deneb and Vega, Altair (Arabic for “flying eagle”) forms the prominent asterism of the Summer Triangle. It is an A-type star 16.6 light-years from Earth. Altair... |
fdcc57f15d34da9b961ba657bdc6211c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Altamira | Altamira | Altamira
Altamira, cave in northern Spain famous for its magnificent prehistoric paintings and engravings. It is situated 19 miles (30 km) west of the port city of Santander, in Cantabria provincia. Altamira was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1985.
The cave, discovered by a hunter in 1868, was visited in 1... |
1bf88b6aaeb80813ffca745f0cd7edf1 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Althiburos | Althiburos | Althiburos
Althiburos, modern Abbah Quṣūr, also spelled Ebba Ksour, ancient city of Numidia in North Africa, on the road constructed by the Roman emperor Hadrian in ad 123, between Carthage and Theveste (Tabassah) in what is now Tunisia. The town, originally an indigenous settlement, obtained municipal rights from Had... |
2bc14f74e4bb4d38eb56f5a4adc46191 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Altmuhl | Altmühl | Altmühl
Further exceptions are the Altmühl and the Naab, which follow a southerly direction until becoming north-bank tributaries of the Danube, and the Havel, which flows south, west, and north before emptying into the Elbe River. River flow relates mainly to climate, albeit not in a simple way; for example,…
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1e90d57d418c790ab36e0662f9e3d961 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alto-Alentejo | Alto Alentejo | Alto Alentejo
…and the Guadiana, the Alto Alentejo is a continuation of the Spanish tablelands—a series of plateaus, either crystalline (Paleozoic Cambrian and Silurian schists), at 600 to 1,300 feet (180 to 400 metres) with poor soils except where outcrops of diorite have weathered into rich black soils, or limestone,... |
80e12ca6e5b1338b7e3efab9adb047a7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Altona-district-Germany | Altona | Altona
Altona, northwest district of the city and Land (state) of Hamburg, northwestern Germany. It lies on cliffs above the right bank of the Elbe River. The name may have come originally from allzu-nah (“all too near”), which was the Hamburgers’ designation for an inn that lay too close to their territory and was fo... |
485718945d8b8ee407f86b1c36e55a08 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Altun-Mountains | Altun Mountains | Altun Mountains
Altun Mountains, Chinese (Pinyin) A’erjin Shan or (Wade-Giles romanization) A-erh-chin Shan, Uighur Altyn Tagh, mountain range in the southern part of the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang, northwestern China. Branching off from the Kunlun Mountains, the range runs for more than 400 miles (650 km) fr... |
3b2e82cdf38c166059735efbee4b7d9e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alxa-Plateau | Alxa Plateau | Alxa Plateau
Alxa Plateau, Chinese (Pinyin) Alashan Gaoyuan or (Wade-Giles romanization) A-la-shan Kao-yüan, conventional Ala Shan Desert, southernmost portion of the Gobi (desert), occupying about 400,000 square miles (1,000,000 square km) in north-central China. Covering the western portions of the Inner Mongolia Au... |
b55104ee55d2eafecf3d324907394c42 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Alzette-River | Alzette River | Alzette River
…sandstone plateau into which the Alzette River and its tributary, the Petrusse, have cut deep winding ravines. Within a loop of the Alzette, a rocky promontory called the Bock (Bouc) forms a natural defensive position where the Romans and later the Franks built a fort, around which the medieval town…
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497e323c6bf7893fa29371979c8dc9b4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amalienburg | Amalienburg | Amalienburg
…example, the refined and delicate Amalienburg (1734–39), in the park of Nymphenburg, and the Residenztheater (1750–53; rebuilt after World War II), both by François de Cuvilliés. Among the finest German Rococo pilgrimage churches are the Vierzehnheiligen (1743–72), near Lichtenfels, in Bavaria, designed by... |
f0b8bbd2730dc2fe2ba0248eb32f1d7c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amapa | Amapá | Amapá
Amapá, estado (state), northern Brazil. It is bounded on the north by a small portion of Suriname and by French Guiana, on the northeast by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south and west by the Brazilian state of Pará, and on the southeast by the Amazon River. Formerly a part of Pará state, Amapá was created a territ... |
6420f1b1caa39a0190079ace17a325d0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amargosa-Range | Amargosa Range | Amargosa Range
Amargosa Range, group of mountains in eastern California and southern Nevada, U.S., separating Death Valley from the Amargosa Desert. Part of the Basin Ranges of eastern California, the Amargosa Range extends 110 miles (180 km) from Grapevine Peak (8,705 feet [2,653 m]), south-southeastward to the Amar... |
01677df054ffc0db4e6f63f3eb858146 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amasya-Turkey | Amasya | Amasya
Amasya, historically Amaseia, or Amasia, city, capital of Amasya il (province), northern Turkey, on the Yeşil River, also called the Iris River. Capital of the kings of Pontus until about 183 bce, it was made a free city and the administrative centre of a large territory by Pompey in 65 bce. In the 2nd century ... |
aed5989d1c888e56e29dd87161d327a0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amberg | Amberg | Amberg
Amberg, city, Bavaria Land (state), southeastern Germany. It lies on the Vils River, in the foothills of the Franconian Jura Mountains and the Bavarian Forest, southeast of Nürnberg. First mentioned in 1034, it was a court town with considerable trade (in iron and tinplate) and industry from the 14th to the 16t... |
acad0e91104264bf865d92c7b3dbafc6 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ambika-Mata | Ambikā-Mātā | Ambikā-Mātā
The Ambikā-Mātā temple at Jagat, of the mid-10th century, is exceptionally fine. It consists of a sanctum, a gūḍhamaṇḍapa, or enclosed hall, and a parapeted porch with projecting eaves. The walls of the sanctum and the hall are covered with fine sculpture, the superstructures being of…
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de0086c88a820319b89bb41da6ca0ca5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amboise-France | Amboise | Amboise
Amboise, town, Indre-et-Loire département, Centre-Val-de-Loire région, central France, on both banks of the Loire River, east of Tours. It is the site of a late Gothic château (with Renaissance additions), one of a great company of castles in the rich, rolling Loire country.
The town was first mentioned in 504... |
5410530918798ba01ce01a32a8c9e5e8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ambrona | Ambrona | Ambrona
…sites are at Torralba and Ambrona (Soria), where elephants (Palaeoloxodon antiquus) were trapped accidentally in marshy ground and their remains scavenged. From those sites were excavated shouldered points fashioned from young elephant tusks as well as hundreds of stone implements (hand axes, cleavers, and scr... |
c99d2de5e34d4cefe39c0fbd213a67de | https://www.britannica.com/place/American-School-of-Classical-Studies | American School of Classical Studies | American School of Classical Studies
…to the Agora, which the American School of Classical Studies started restoring in 1931, paying \$2.5 million compensation to the several hundred families living there. Financed by, among others, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Marshall Plan, and the Greek government, the work went ... |
32760daca8a56e10f9388244f1cd4712 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amirante-Isles | Amirante Isles | Amirante Isles
Amirante Isles, group of coral islands in the western Indian Ocean, lying about 200 miles (320 km) southwest of the Seychelles group and forming, with the Seychelles and other islands, the Republic of Seychelles. The Amirante Isles were known to Persian Gulf traders centuries ago and were sighted by the... |
1afb8ef88a3a9c2feab2ad66ebcf3c94 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amiternum | Amiternum | Amiternum
Amiternum, in ancient Italy, a Sabine town 5 miles (8 km) north of present L’Aquila in the Aterno (ancient Aternus) River valley. It was stormed by the Romans in 293 bc, but the fertility of its fields helped it to regain its prosperity as a Roman municipality (municipium), especially under the empire (after... |
7cda059bc4a8f5f9814e57ef46f38985 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amol | Āmol | Āmol
Āmol, also spelled Amul, town, northern Iran, on the Harāz River. The exact date of the founding of the town is unknown and enshrouded in legend, but it is certain that there has been a town on the site since Sāsānian times. During the Sāsānian period (224–651ce), the district of Āmol, together with the neighbour... |
069427313e4f46570ba49d049d953471 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amorgos-Island | Amorgós Island | Amorgós Island
Amorgós Island, Modern Greek Nísos Amorgós, island trending northeast-southwest in the Cyclades (Modern Greek: Kykládes) group, South Aegean (Modern Greek: Nótio Aigaío) periféreia (region), Greece. It constitutes a dímos (municipality). The terrain of the island is for the most part mountainous and nar... |
fa51ec74e40bec8a062f7fccd91c003f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amravati | Amravati | Amravati
Amravati, also called Amraoti, city, northeastern Maharashtra state, western India. It lies in an upland area about 85 miles (135 km) west of Nagpur.
The city occupies an important position near passes through the hills that separate the cotton-growing regions of the Purna River basin (west) and the Wardha Ri... |
ee24978c145a029bcc43f9bbfb414785 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amsterdam/Administration | Administration | Administration
According to the Dutch constitution, every municipality in the Netherlands is headed by a council, whose size depends on the number of inhabitants. The 45 members of the Amsterdam City Council are elected to four-year terms of office. The council’s College of Aldermen comprises eight elected aldermen and... |
2b77b7a64431b6cc1ff4e238ab498ca7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amsterdam/History | History | History
Although modern historians do not exclude the possibility that during the Roman period some form of settlement existed at the mouth of the Amstel River, no evidence of one has ever been found. So far as is known, Amsterdam originated as a small fishing village in the 13th century ad. To protect themselves from ... |
34b84f5306b7ebb2a3eda3b5a4b91267 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amsterdam/The-modern-city | The modern city | The modern city
The international trade on which Amsterdam had thrived suffered greatly during the Napoleonic period, and it was only the revival of Dutch rule and commerce in the East Indies in the 1830s that began to restore prosperity to the city. After 1850 sustained growth set in, and the population doubled (to 50... |
0ff9087405189af1b23a70047e86dd8c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amsterdam/The-people | The people | The people
Amsterdam is a small city compared with most national capitals. After World War II the population stood at more than 800,000; it declined until the mid-1980s but has generally risen since then. Recent increases are due to a steady surplus of births over deaths and to an influx of immigrants. About half of th... |
b696b030890539108d17c5d340d1f5b8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amur | Amur | Amur
Amur, Russian Amurskaya, oblast (province), far eastern Russia. It occupies the basins of the middle Amur River and its tributary the Zeya and extends up to the crest of the Stanovoy Range. In 1689 Russia yielded the Amur region to China by the Treaty of Nerchinsk, but Russian Cossacks reincorporated it in the la... |
b2b0a8e14f7cfdb4f1e71ea753919021 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Amur-River/Climate | Climate | Climate
The Amur basin’s climate is affected by its northern location—between latitudes 45° and 55° N—and by the monsoon (seasonally alternating) winds that shape the climate of all East Asia. In winter polar, continental air masses dominate, bringing dry, frigid weather. Mean January temperatures range from −4 °F (−20... |
c139d81f4d52d8fd284a7d4200633c23 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ana-Sagar | Ana Sagar | Ana Sagar
To the north lies Ana Sagar, a lake created in the 11th century, on the shores of which stand marble pavilions built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahān (reigned 1628–58).
|
3863a6720dc7ac3c8c5c4a5afb6ef102 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anaconda-Montana | Anaconda | Anaconda
Anaconda, city, seat (since 1977) of Anaconda-Deer Lodge county, southwestern Montana, U.S., 23 miles (37 km) northwest of Butte. Laid out in 1883 as Copperopolis by Marcus Daly, founder of Montana’s copper industry, the settlement was the seat of Deer Lodge county. In 1977 the governments of Anaconda and Dee... |
f2aef9423e2a5b4c0b9e063d182223e8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anadarko-Basin | Anadarko Basin | Anadarko Basin
Many intracratonic basins—such as the Anadarko, Delaware, and Midland basins in the western United States; the Zechstein Basin of northwestern Europe; and the Kazan Basin of eastern Europe—show similar general changes. In most basins the inner parts became sites of red bed deposition during the Early Per... |
75951bb37b32125d2b0eb42b9e32732b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anadyr | Anadyr | Anadyr
Anadyr, formerly (until 1920) Novo-Mariinsk, town and administrative centre, Chukchi autonomous okrug (district), far northeastern Russia. It lies on the southern shore of the estuary of the Anadyr River, which empties into the Bering Sea. Incorporated as a town in 1965, it is a port on the Northern Sea Route a... |
4c4ffb5b4f5ffde9cd69e53b44803674 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anagni | Anagni | Anagni
Anagni, town, Lazio (Latium) regione, central Italy. It lies on a hill above the Sacco Valley, southeast of Rome. The ancient Anagnia, capital of the Hernici people, lost its independence to Rome in 306 bc. A bishopric from the 5th century ad, it was besieged by the Arabs in 877. Its leading medieval families w... |
a6842f60b1e9e613414a74414630d3e0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anah | ʿĀnah | ʿĀnah
ʿĀnah, town, western Iraq. Located on the Euphrates River and on a main road connecting Iraq and Syria, it is a local trade centre for crops grown in the fertile strip along the river below the cliffs of the desert. A town with a similar name has existed on or near the present site at least since the beginning o... |
38c9cb393cdf3a42031557893fc06f14 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anan | Anan | Anan
Anan, city, Tokushima Prefecture (ken), Shikoku, Japan, on the Naka-gawa (Naka River), facing the Kii-suidō (Kii Channel) between the Inland Sea and the Pacific Ocean. It was created in 1958 by the merger of the former castle town of Tomioka and the fishing village of Tachibana. A market centre for the agricultu... |
1abcf1992e5f8877014f1eb955fc697f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anantapur | Anantapur | Anantapur
Anantapur, city, southwestern Andhra Pradesh state, south-central India. The city is located in the Rayalaseema uplands region, about 80 miles (130 km) south-southwest of Kurnool and 120 miles (190 km) north of Bengaluru (Bangalore), Karnataka state.
Anantapur lies on the main road between Hyderabad, Telanga... |
3a46a4748dcefb451034c76b31aa1855 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anantnag | Anantnag | Anantnag
Anantnag, formerly Islamabad, city, northwestern Jammu and Kashmir state, northern India. It lies about 30 miles (50 km) southeast of Srinagar, on the Jhelum River north of the Pir Panjal Range.
Anantnag is an agricultural trade centre and the southern headquarters for navigation by large boats in the Vale of... |
daec89447a3015921a7c9d972dddd7a4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anapolis | Anápolis | Anápolis
Anápolis, city, south-central Goiás estado (state), south-central Brazil. It is located on the Corumbá River at 3,182 feet (970 metres) above sea level.
It was given city status in 1907. Today it is a rapidly growing regional centre serving an agricultural development zone near the Mato Grosso de Goiás forest... |
c488e5941ffaf40bdaaff768841014cc | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anatolia/The-Anatolian-Greeks-in-the-Achaemenian-period | The Anatolian Greeks in the Achaemenian period | The Anatolian Greeks in the Achaemenian period
Of the Anatolian Greek cities, only Miletus had chosen the Persian side in the struggle with Lydia. A number of the others were subjected to Persian rule by force. During the ensuing period, many of these Greek towns maintained a semiautonomous status while recognizing Ach... |
18003f6b3b8c54d1730d47f326b7011f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anatolia/The-neo-Hittite-states-from-c-1180-to-700-bce | The neo-Hittite states from c. 1180 to 700 bce | The neo-Hittite states from c. 1180 to 700 bce
The Dark Age that followed the fall of the Hittite empire lasted until between 1000 and 900 bce. Carchemish (on the modern border between Turkey and Syria) and Milid (Arslantepe, near modern Malatya) were the most-important Luwian strongholds of that intermediary age, and ... |
8ca3d0b97449bace0fc1b0b82f608093 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Anazarbus | Anazarbus | Anazarbus
Anazarbus, in full Caesarea ad Anazarbus, modern Aǧaçli, formerly Çeçenanavarza, former city of the ancient province of Cilicia in Anatolia that was important in the Roman and Byzantine periods. It was located in what is now south-central Turkey. The original native settlement was refounded by the Romans in ... |
de1879ffc0da67e414093e31ac09c0f1 | https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Egypt/Ramses-II | Ramses II | Ramses II
Well before his death, Seti I appointed his son Ramses II, sometimes called Ramses the Great, as crown prince. During the long reign of Ramses II (1279–13 bce), there was a prodigious amount of building, ranging from religious edifices throughout Egypt and Nubia to a new cosmopolitan capital, Pi Ramesse, in t... |
931db0fa6578ad73ecea7730d8848b8c | https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Rome/The-Christian-church | The Christian church | The Christian church
In the last decade of the 4th century the harsh laws against the perpetuation of the old pieties promulgated by Theodosius gave impetus and justification to waves of icon and temple destruction, especially in the East. It is, nonetheless, likely that a majority of the population was still non-Chris... |
047c158ea5d652c7eb96e4d5a60e323f | https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Rome/The-establishment-of-Roman-hegemony-in-the-Mediterranean-world | The establishment of Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean world | The establishment of Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean world
Just before the Second Punic War, Rome had projected its power across the Adriatic Sea against the Illyrians. As noted, Philip V of Macedonia in turn had joined the Carthaginians for a time during the war in an attempt to stem the tide of Roman expansion bu... |
435b7f688f4682ab0923bcdb993c1a3c | https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Rome/The-Flavian-emperors | The Flavian emperors | The Flavian emperors
On Dec. 22, 69, the Senate conferred all the imperial powers upon Vespasian en bloc with the famous Lex de Imperio Vespasiani (“Law Regulating Vespasian’s authority”), and the Assembly ratified the Senate’s action. This apparently was the first time that such a law was passed; a fragmentary copy of... |
e23a7fa421673e424e85b66d6d0ce8ca | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ancon-Panama | Ancón | Ancón
Ancón, city, central Panama, just northeast of Balboa city and adjacent to Panama City. It is a residential centre, and its population has increased dramatically since 2000.
As Balboa and Panama City have grown, Ancón has become virtually a suburb of the latter. It was noted for the Gorgas Hospital for tropical ... |
e49cea32324d5f43bff5be1127237fad | https://www.britannica.com/place/And-Fjord | And Fjord | And Fjord
And Fjord, Norwegian Andfjorden, fjord, in the Norwegian Sea, indenting northwestern Norway, located between the islands of And (west) and Senja (east). The fjord, which is divided between Nordland and Troms fylker (counties), penetrates into the offshore island of Hinn in the south, where it is called Gulle... |
4a42b31959e96ae93dcb2a7c60629339 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andalusia-region-Spain/History | History | History
Andalusia has a long history. Agriculture and complex society had developed in the region by 4000 bce. During the 9th century bce the Phoenicians founded the coastal colony of Gadir (now Cádiz), and by the 5th century bce Carthaginians and Greeks had colonized the coast, while the indigenous Iberian peoples of ... |
5a6dd2c5fbdd7f71442562f91663845d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andaman-Islands | Andaman Islands | Andaman Islands
Andaman Islands, island group, Andaman and Nicobar Islands union territory, India, lying in the Indian Ocean about 850 miles (1,370 km) east of the Indian subcontinent. The Andamans have an area of 2,474 square miles (6,408 square km). They are one of the two major groups of islands in the union territ... |
50ecbe388b7b45cadceb3da9313ee327 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andean-Geosyncline | Andean Geosyncline | Andean Geosyncline
Andean Geosyncline, a linear trough in the Earth’s crust in which rocks of the Mesozoic Era (251 million to 65.5 million years ago) and Cenozoic Era (65.5 million years ago to the present) were deposited in South America. An intense orogenic (mountain-building) event affected the older sediments in ... |
0b5f2a820be3e1b61e57d192f835d676 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andes-Mountains/The-people | The people | The people
Human presence in the Andes is relatively recent; the oldest human remains to be found are only 10,000 to 12,000 years old, although habitation probably dates to much earlier times. The shortage of oxygen at high altitude, especially above 12,000 feet, is so physiologically demanding that it imposes deep ada... |
cb04bd2e585ddaac0de74c7d6d51445a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andong | Andong | Andong
Andong, city and provincial capital, North Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) do (province), east-central South Korea. It lies 215 miles (345 km) from the mouth of the Naktong River, at the terminus of its navigable section, near a multipurpose dam.
The city has existed, under various names, since the Three Kingdoms period... |
d697705970a26a5ddb029573a28aa07c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andover-England | Andover | Andover
Andover, market town, Test Valley district, administrative and historic county of Hampshire, England. It lies among chalk hills on the River Anton, a tributary of the Test, about 14 miles (22 km) northwest of Winchester and about 17 miles (27 km) northeast of Salisbury.
The area is rich in prehistoric earthwor... |
57c4022a2185125ecaaf3f4bd0a1088d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Andros-island-and-province-Greece | Ándros | Ándros
Ándros, island, perifereiakí enótita (regional unit), and dímos (municipality), South Aegean (Modern Greek Nótio Aigaío) periféreia (region), Greece. It is the most northerly and second largest of the Cyclades (Modern Greek: Kykládes) group of Greek Aegean Islands. Its principal town is Ándros, on the east coas... |
b8fa38bc8e770e401de5b37f5191897e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Aneho | Aného | Aného
Aného, formerly Anécho, town, southern Togo, lying on the Gulf of Guinea near the border of Benin. Founded in the late 17th century by Ane peoples fleeing from Asante attacks in Elmina (now in Ghana), Aného developed as a slave port and commercial centre. It was the capital of German Togoland from 1885 to 1887 a... |
854f7c12388009cd12a1cf6ce5af8a3f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Angarsk | Angarsk | Angarsk
Angarsk, city, Irkutsk oblast (province), southeast central Russia, on the Trans-Siberian Railroad. Founded in 1948, Angarsk grew rapidly as a major centre of oil refining and petrochemicals. The city’s industrial products include such goods as synthetic fibres, artificial fertilizers, plastics, boilers, and c... |
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