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b90647784f05db7ec6d47fcdcd3723c7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shinichi-Suzuki | Shinichi Suzuki | Shinichi Suzuki
…developed by the Japanese violinist Shinichi Suzuki, was based on the theory that young children learn music in the same way that they learn their first language.
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cfa93f2a0165e3abcfddc32e23964795 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirakawa | Shirakawa | Shirakawa
Shirakawa, in full Shirakawa Tennō, personal name Sadahito, (born July 8, 1053, Kyōto, Japan—died July 24, 1129, Kyōto), 72nd emperor of Japan who abdicated the throne and then established a cloister government (insei) through which he could maintain his power unburdened by the exacting ceremonial and famil... |
3672c198285daedf92aa0dd21631f008 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirley-Hazzard | Shirley Hazzard | Shirley Hazzard
Shirley Hazzard, (born January 30, 1931, Sydney, Australia—died December 12, 2016, New York, New York, U.S.), Australian-born American writer whose novels and short stories are acclaimed for both their literary refinement and their emotional complexity.
Hazzard lived in a number of places, among them H... |
ca1d383d54844bf2b9eb205f06071693 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirley-MacLaine | Shirley MacLaine | Shirley MacLaine
Shirley MacLaine, original name Shirley MacLean Beaty, (born April 24, 1934, Richmond, Virginia, U.S.), outspoken American actress and dancer known for her deft portrayals of charmingly eccentric characters and for her interest in mysticism and reincarnation.
American actress and dancer Shirley MacLai... |
945f97e3edd3055f905fbc5545cb3ab0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirley-Strickland-de-la-Hunty | Shirley Strickland de la Hunty | Shirley Strickland de la Hunty
Shirley Strickland de la Hunty, née Shirley Strickland, (born July 18, 1925, Guildford, Western Australia, Australia—died February 17, 2004, Perth), Australian athlete, who won seven Olympic medals between 1948 and 1956, in an era when Australian women dominated track events.
Strickland ... |
ac16819960c8bb6f540cfe583de79def | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shiv-Kumar-Sharma | Shiv Kumar Sharma | Shiv Kumar Sharma
Shiv Kumar Sharma, Shiv Kumar also spelled Shivkumar, (born January 13, 1938, Jammu [now in Jammu and Kashmir], India), Indian sanṭūr (hammered dulcimer) virtuoso who is credited with shifting the instrument from a predominantly accompanimental and ensemble role in the Sufi music of Kashmir to a solo... |
512d363ff929ccc7840af6206875f3d7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shiva-Dayal-Saheb | Shiva Dayal Saheb | Shiva Dayal Saheb
Shiva Dayal Saheb, also called Shivdayal, original name Tulsi Ram, (born 1818, Agra, Agra province, India—died 1878, Agra), founder of the esoteric Hindu and Sikh sect Radha Soami Satsang.
He was born into a devout Vaishnava family and established himself as a banker in Agra. In 1861 he revealed hims... |
3b337fb07e84e718176e5ad0e40ef80e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shneur-Zalman | Shneur Zalman | Shneur Zalman
Shneur Zalman of Ladi created the highly systematized Ḥabad Ḥasidism, which was widely accepted in Lithuania. The Musar movement of Israel Salanter encouraged the study of medieval ethical writers.
…leader of Ḥabad was Rabbi Shneur Zalman, a prolific writer of 18th-century Lyady, Russia, whose Liqquṭe ama... |
ad228aac73077f6c2add46bbcf4c318d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shoeless-Joe-Jackson | Shoeless Joe Jackson | Shoeless Joe Jackson
Shoeless Joe Jackson, byname of Joseph Jefferson Jackson, (born July 16, 1888, Greenville, S.C., U.S.—died Dec. 5, 1951, Greenville), American professional baseball player, by many accounts one of the greatest, who was ultimately banned from the game because of his involvement in the 1919 Black So... |
cd8ef6aee2e2e1ad072814fd32e0539d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shoghi-Effendi-Rabbani | Shoghi Effendi Rabbānī | Shoghi Effendi Rabbānī
Shoghi Effendi Rabbānī, (born March 1, 1897, Acre, Palestine [now ʿAkko, Israel]—died Nov. 4, 1957, London, Eng.), leader of the international Bahāʾī faith, who held the title of Guardian of the Cause of God from 1921 until his death.
Shoghi Effendi spent his early childhood in Acre. In 1918 h... |
16cfc2ba25d99d09c5e7b6ad25a35e4c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shohaku | Shōhaku | Shōhaku
Shōhaku, also called Muan, (born 1443, Japan—died May 4, 1527, Japan), Japanese scholar and author of waka and renga (“linked-verse”) poetry during the late Muromachi period (1338–1573). Along with two other renga masters, he composed Minase sangin hyakuin (1488; Minase Sangin Hyakuin: A Poem of One Hundred L... |
774370827cbec937394502ffc080abff | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shukri-al-Quwatli | Shukri al-Quwatli | Shukri al-Quwatli
Shukri al-Quwatli, (born 1891, Damascus [Syria]—died June 30, 1967, Beirut, Leb.), statesman who led the anticolonialist movement in Syria and became the nation’s first president.
Quwatli entered Syrian politics in the 1930s as a member of the National Bloc, an Arab group that led the opposition to ... |
9081371c3e4749d10758d3f0bd456557 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sibyl-queen-of-Jerusalem | Sibyl | Sibyl
Sibyl, French Sibylle, (born 1160—died autumn 1190), queen of the crusader state of Jerusalem (1186–90).
The daughter of Amalric I, Sibyl succeeded to the throne upon the death of her brother, Baldwin IV (1185). Baldwin had intended for the throne to pass directly to Sibyl’s son Baldwin V, but Sibyl and her husb... |
c0b22d3d8996a0ec5d81765e1303618c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-and-Beatrice-Webb | Sidney and Beatrice Webb | Sidney and Beatrice Webb
Sidney and Beatrice Webb, in full respectively Sidney James Webb, Baron Passfield of Passfield Corner, and Martha Beatrice Webb, née Potter, (respectively, born July 13, 1859, London—died Oct. 13, 1947, Liphook, Hampshire, Eng.; born Jan. 22, 1858, Gloucester, Gloucestershire—died April 30, ... |
ecc24e37bf74d6870622b5f2814e0d35 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Gilchrist-Thomas | Sidney Gilchrist Thomas | Sidney Gilchrist Thomas
Sidney Gilchrist Thomas, (born April 16, 1850, London, Eng.—died Feb. 1, 1885, Paris, Fr.), British metallurgist and inventor who discovered (1875) a method for eliminating phosphorus (a major impurity in some iron ores) in the Bessemer converter. The method is now called the Thomas-Gilchrist ... |
a1a945a1fce14fa885f6e454b4eb49c2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Howard | Sidney Howard | Sidney Howard
Sidney Howard, in full Sidney Coe Howard, (born June 26, 1891, Oakland, California, U.S.—died August 23, 1939, Tyringham, Massachusetts), American playwright who helped to bring psychological as well as theatrical realism to the American stage.
Howard graduated from the University of California, Berkeley... |
a1959179bc398b4f69728b6f2529840c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Lanfield | Sidney Lanfield | Sidney Lanfield
Sidney Lanfield , (born April 20, 1898, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.—died June 20, 1972, Los Angeles, California), American film and television director who specialized in comedies—notably a series of Bob Hope movies—but his best work was arguably the Sherlock Holmes mystery The Hound of the Baskervilles (1... |
199ced420beec86484004682c727af8b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Lanier | Sidney Lanier | Sidney Lanier
Sidney Lanier, (born Feb. 3, 1842, Macon, Ga., U.S.—died Sept. 7, 1881, Lynn, N.C.), American musician and poet whose verse often suggests the rhythms and thematic development of music.
Lanier was reared by devoutly religious parents in the traditions of the Old South. As a child he wrote verses and wa... |
3a141725b03a86398da9f75531591ffe | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Rigdon | Sidney Rigdon | Sidney Rigdon
Sidney Rigdon, (born Feb. 19, 1793, Piny Fork, Pa., U.S.—died July 14, 1876, Friendship, N.Y.), American churchman, an early convert to Mormonism (1830) and first counselor to its founder, Joseph Smith.
After the Mormons moved to Missouri (1838) and then to Nauvoo, Ill. (1839), Rigdon became estranged f... |
4f598e9b311a193fb8683c6ad71fc4dc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sidney-Wicks | Sidney Wicks | Sidney Wicks
…was the play of forward-centre Sidney Wicks, who had been drafted by the team in 1971 and was named an all-star in each of his first four NBA seasons.
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d57b64044cbba77081867814729836f0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigebert-I-king-of-Essex | Sigebert I | Sigebert I
Sigebert I, also called Sigebert the Little, or Sigebert Parvus, (died c. 653), king of the East Saxons, or Essex, who succeeded when his father and uncles were slain in battle with the West Saxons (c. 617). He probably reigned as a dependent of the West Saxon king Cynegils (q.v.).
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8042389c6156a09b91873197725de93d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigebert-II-king-of-Essex | Sigebert II | Sigebert II
Sigebert II, also called Sigebert the Good, or Sigebert Sanctus, (died between 653 and 664), king of the East Saxons, or Essex (from c. 653), who succeeded Sigebert I. He became a Christian, was baptized (c. 653), and invited such missionaries as Saint Cedd into his land, which became a centre for their wo... |
e4793e31c2ee3025c11b390598373b8a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigebert-king-of-the-East-Angles | Sigebert | Sigebert
Sigebert, (died 637?), king of the East Angles. Before his reign Sigebert lived the life of an exile in Gaul, becoming Christianized and learned. He returned to an East Anglia troubled by anarchy and heathenism and became king in 630 or 631. Temporarily resigning his kingship (yielding it to his kinsman Ecgri... |
7cc61506d3962a84675c31f362495a9b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigebert-of-Gembloux | Sigebert Of Gembloux | Sigebert Of Gembloux
Sigebert Of Gembloux, (born c. 1030, Brabant, Lower Lorraine—died Oct. 5, 1112, Gembloux), Benedictine monk and chronicler known for his Chronicon ab anno 381 ad 1113, a universal history widely used as a source by later medieval historians, and for his defense (1075) of Holy Roman Emperor Henry... |
ca5d67280c4b1604e02c84f7f5ec33ef | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Siger-de-Brabant | Siger de Brabant | Siger de Brabant
Siger de Brabant, (born c. 1240, duchy of Brabant—died between 1281 and 1284, Orvieto, Tuscany), professor of philosophy at the University of Paris and a leading representative of the school of radical, or heterodox, Aristotelianism, which arose in Paris when Latin translations of Greek and Arabic wo... |
aeed6bdd1bda417d5b98217889bdadda | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigfrid-Karg-Elert | Sigfrid Karg-Elert | Sigfrid Karg-Elert
Sigfrid Karg-Elert, (born Nov. 21, 1877, Oberndorf-on-Neckar, Ger.—died April 9, 1933, Leipzig), organist and composer, one of the principal German composers for organ of his generation.
Karg-Elert studied at the Leipzig Conservatory, and in 1919 he became a member of the staff there. His early wor... |
51b939274b1f5b1334939cff11a814f4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigismund-Holy-Roman-emperor | Sigismund | Sigismund
Sigismund, (born Feb. 15, 1368, probably Nürnberg—died Dec. 9, 1437, Znojmo, Bohemia), Holy Roman emperor from 1433, king of Hungary from 1387, German king from 1411, king of Bohemia from 1419, and Lombard king from 1431. The last emperor of the House of Luxembourg, he participated in settling the Western ... |
4db807c791d981f707d81b6abc74d108 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigismund-II-Augustus | Sigismund II Augustus | Sigismund II Augustus
Sigismund II Augustus, Polish Zygmunt August, (born Aug. 1, 1520, Kraków, Pol.—died July 7, 1572, Knyszyn), last Jagiellon king of Poland, who united Livonia and the duchy of Lithuania with Poland, creating a greatly expanded and legally unified kingdom.
The only son of Sigismund I the Old and B... |
35cebbd29c555ead25bcb8634f6a5dd8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigismund-king-of-Burgundy | Sigismund | Sigismund
…moved into Burgundy, whose king, Sigismund, Theodoric’s son-in-law, had assassinated his own son. Sigismund was captured and killed. Godomer, the new Burgundian king, defeated the Franks at Vézeronce and forced them to retreat; Clodomir was killed in the battle. Childebert I, Chlotar I, and Theodebert I, the... |
fa91b6ec2af4f5c6e523cfa6bf99bcf7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigurdur-Johannesson-Nordal | Sigurdur Jóhannesson Nordal | Sigurdur Jóhannesson Nordal
Sigurdur Jóhannesson Nordal, (born September 14, 1886, Eyjólfsstadir, Vatnsdalur, Húnavatnssýsla, Iceland—died September 21, 1974, Reykjavík), Icelandic philologist, critic, and writer in many genres, who played a central role in the cultural life of 20th-century Iceland.
Nordal received hi... |
c785f93378c2e89c204c0485c1b3ac20 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvanus-Phillips-Thompson | Silvanus Phillips Thompson | Silvanus Phillips Thompson
Silvanus Phillips Thompson, (born June 19, 1851, York, Yorkshire, Eng.—died June 12, 1916, London), British physicist and historian of science known for contributions in electrical machinery, optics, and X rays.
He received both a B.A. (1869) and a D.Sc. (1878) from the University of London... |
3b14e425f8a49e4255f05ec7cc5a00a5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvio-Fiorillo | Silvio Fiorillo | Silvio Fiorillo
…perform with the Uniti was Silvio Fiorillo, known for the innovations he made in the characters of the cowardly braggart Capitano Mattamoros and the eccentric curmudgeon Pulcinella.
…been made on behalf of Silvio Fiorillo, a professional comedian who was performing at the beginning of the 17th century.... |
75ac1a4c86c4fd86fad6d905f51591f3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Silvio-Pellico | Silvio Pellico | Silvio Pellico
Silvio Pellico, (born June 25, 1789, Saluzzo, Kingdom of Sardinia [now in Italy]—died Jan. 31, 1854, Turin), Italian patriot, dramatist, and author of Le mie prigioni (1832; My Prisons), memoirs of his sufferings as a political prisoner, which inspired widespread sympathy for the Italian nationalist mo... |
0cb91342d0468f315fc642d7d177a79f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simeon-of-Durham | Simeon Of Durham | Simeon Of Durham
Simeon Of Durham, also spelled Symeon, (died, c. Oct. 14, 1130/38), chronicler of medieval England.
Simeon entered the Benedictine abbey at Jarrow, in the county of Durham, in about 1071. This abbey was moved (1083) to the town of Durham, and there he made his religious vows in 1085/86 and later becam... |
b615c25c687b7d0b8e49424273bceb32 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simeon-Polotsky | Simeon Polotsky | Simeon Polotsky
…in Polish and Latin by Simeon Polotsky, a noted theologian who had studied in Kiev and Poland. When Alexis died, Fyodor ascended the throne (Jan. 19 [Jan. 29], 1676), but his youth and poor health prevented him from actively participating in the conduct of government affairs. His uncle Ivan B.…
…17th c... |
923d6a48c413f6e26f21e04c173b9565 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simhana | Siṃhana | Siṃhana
…expanded during the reign of Simhana (reigned c. 1210–47), who campaigned against the Hoysala in northern Karnataka, against the lesser chiefs of the western coast, and against the Kakatiya kingdom in the eastern Deccan. Turning northward, Simhana attacked the Paramaras and the Caulukyas. The Yadavas, however,... |
e05efaad1221f1ae04c3dfdd3424749f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-FitzMary | Simon FitzMary | Simon FitzMary
…outside the London wall, by Simon FitzMary, former sheriff of London; it was then known as the Priory of St. Mary of Bethlehem (from which sprang the variant spellings Bedlam and Bethlem). Bedlam was mentioned as a hospital in 1329, and some permanent patients were accommodated there by 1403. In…
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88c80b18c0fde4650f78a1325d550ec4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Flexner | Simon Flexner | Simon Flexner
Simon Flexner, (born March 25, 1863, Louisville, Ky., U.S.—died May 2, 1946, New York, N.Y.), American pathologist and bacteriologist who isolated (1899) a common strain (Shigella dysenteriae) of dysentery bacillus and developed a curative serum for cerebrospinal meningitis (1907).
Simon Flexner was the... |
2b94b74f6615b94fddaa8de7cc3dd879 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Francois-dAumont-sieur-de-Saint-Lusson | Simon François, d’Aumont, sieur de Saint Lusson | Simon François, d’Aumont, sieur de Saint Lusson
In 1671 Simon François d’Aumont (or Daumont, sieur de St. Lusson) at Sault Ste. Marie took possession of all the interior of the North American continent for France as an extension of New France.
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f9b4520fed44a47837d606d71bc77467 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Hughes | Simon Hughes | Simon Hughes
…candidates would be Kennedy and Simon Hughes, the MP for the inner-London constituency of Southwark and Bermondsey. Although not as close personally to Prime Minister Tony Blair of the Labour Party as Ashdown had been, Kennedy was effectively the continuity candidate. He promised to continue Ashdown’s str... |
28edc5dacc764d3a3d064f6f4eb11cf7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Kimbangu | Simon Kimbangu | Simon Kimbangu
Simon Kimbangu, (born c. September 12, 1887, Nkamba, near Thysville, Congo Free State [now Mbanza-Ngungu, Democratic Republic of the Congo]—died October 10, 1951, Élisabethville, Belgian Congo [now Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo]), Congolese religious leader who founded a separatist church... |
6b68e5274a9aa0318ba57861afc97742 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Maccabeus-Hasmonean-leader | Simon Maccabeus | Simon Maccabeus
In 143 (or 142) bce Simon Maccabeus, son of Mattathias (and brother of Judas Maccabeus), succeeded his brother Jonathan as leader of the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid dynasty. He soon became independent of the Seleucids as high priest, ruler, and ethnarch of Judaea; the offices were hereditary, ... |
f39b95635383757b0b262a8511c5160e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Maccabeus-Jewish-leader | Simon Maccabeus | Simon Maccabeus
When Simon succeeded Jonathan, he acquired the status of a recognized secular ruler; the year he assumed rule was regarded as the first of a new era, and official documents were dated in his name and by his regnal year. He secured from the new Seleucid…
…Book of Maccabees relates that Simon Maccabeus, w... |
5d0ec01288c0a035a5da8fbbd1896cba | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Marius | Simon Marius | Simon Marius
Simon Marius, German Simon Mayr, Simon Mair, or Simon Mayer, (born January 10, 1573, Gunzenhausen, Bavaria [Germany]—died December 26, 1624, Anspach), German astronomer who named the four largest moons of Jupiter: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. All four are named after mythological figures with whom ... |
c861d56de442fcd5c78def53d0375f63 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Mayr | Simon Mayr | Simon Mayr
Simon Mayr, also spelled Giovanni Simone Mayr, (born June 14, 1763, Mendorf, Bavaria [Germany]—died Dec. 2, 1845, Bergamo, Lombardy, Austrian Empire [now in Italy]), Italian operatic and liturgical composer of German origin who was one of the first composers to use the orchestral crescendo technique made f... |
a4b3aee8ad2e41510eaa9fec76309aff | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Newcomb | Simon Newcomb | Simon Newcomb
Simon Newcomb, (born March 12, 1835, Wallace, N.S., Can.—died July 11, 1909, Washington, D.C., U.S.), Canadian-born American astronomer and mathematician who prepared ephemerides—tables of computed places of celestial bodies over a period of time—and tables of astronomical constants.
Newcomb displayed hi... |
57c73ebfadbcffe54c1306a5e34fa8bc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Nicolas-Henri-Linguet | Simon-Nicolas-Henri Linguet | Simon-Nicolas-Henri Linguet
Simon-Nicolas-Henri Linguet, (born July 14, 1736, Reims, France—died June 27, 1794, Paris), French journalist and lawyer whose delight in taking views opposing everyone else’s earned him exiles, imprisonment, and finally the guillotine.
He attended the Collège de Beauvais, winning the three... |
6e15822648e499399a242084bb0c0ff8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-of-Sudbury | Simon Of Sudbury | Simon Of Sudbury
Simon Of Sudbury, original name Simon Tybald, or Thebaud, or Theobald, (born, Sudbury, Suffolk, Eng.—died June 14, 1381, London), archbishop of Canterbury from 1375 and chancellor of England from 1380 who lost his life in the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381.
Simon served for 12 years as an auditor (judge) o... |
1b20de2c3c6ef15f552cf171cb76bb9b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simone-Biles | Simone Biles | Simone Biles
Simone Biles, in full Simone Arianne Biles, (born March 14, 1997, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.), American gymnast who was considered one of the sport’s greatest athletes. At the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, she became the first female U.S. gymnast to win four gold medals at a single Games, and she was the fir... |
b22a19ac1b9187baee04375f52655fef | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Simone-Weil | Simone Weil | Simone Weil
Simone Weil, (born February 3, 1909, Paris, France—died August 24, 1943, Ashford, Kent, England), French mystic, social philosopher, and activist in the French Resistance during World War II, whose posthumously published works had particular influence on French and English social thought.
Intellectually pr... |
f5dabc7957bbbcfbdc81f39b417f3404 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sinclair-Lewis | Sinclair Lewis | Sinclair Lewis
Sinclair Lewis, in full Harry Sinclair Lewis, (born Feb. 7, 1885, Sauk Centre, Minn., U.S.—died Jan. 10, 1951, near Rome, Italy), American novelist and social critic who punctured American complacency with his broadly drawn, widely popular satirical novels. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1930,... |
c13511b274ff11b8d867e95b83d13423 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Alexander-James-Edmund-Cockburn-10th-Baronet | Sir Alexander James Edmund Cockburn, 10th Baronet | Sir Alexander James Edmund Cockburn, 10th Baronet
Sir Alexander James Edmund Cockburn, 10th Baronet, (born Dec. 24, 1802—died Nov. 21, 1880, London, Eng.), lord chief justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench from June 24, 1859, and lord chief justice of England from 1874 until his death. He was the first to be legally s... |
5e50566039f685979b06aee30535c63c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Benjamin-Lee-Guinness-1st-Baronet | Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness, 1st Baronet | Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness, 1st Baronet
Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness, 1st Baronet, (born November 1, 1798, Dublin, Ireland—died May 19, 1868, London, England), Irish brewer and first lord mayor of Dublin under the reformed corporation (1851), whose brewery became one of the largest in the world.
In 1855 Guinness assumed c... |
da3b8505a30c3b60767f711428235285 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Edward-Hughes | Hughes, Sir Edward | Hughes, Sir Edward
…Suffren de Saint-Tropez and British Admiral Sir Edward Hughes. The French captured Trincomalee from the British on September 1 when Suffren seized the anchorage and forced the garrison to surrender. Two days later, Hughes approached the port, and Suffren ordered his ships to raise anchor and engage ... |
5a047b1b085119252288b5f1d4bd5866 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Edwyn-Clement-Hoskyns-13th-Baronet | Sir Edwyn Clement Hoskyns, 13th Baronet | Sir Edwyn Clement Hoskyns, 13th Baronet
Sir Edwyn Clement Hoskyns, 13th Baronet, (born Aug. 9, 1884, London, Eng.—died June 28, 1937, London), Anglican biblical scholar and theologian.
Educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, and Wells Theological College, Hoskyns was ordained in 1908. He was associated with Corpus Chri... |
471715c2d1f0d8c0fb3383a6113eadb3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Ernest-John-Pickstone-Benn-2nd-Baronet | Sir Ernest John Pickstone Benn, 2nd Baronet | Sir Ernest John Pickstone Benn, 2nd Baronet
Sir Ernest John Pickstone Benn, 2nd Baronet, (born June 25, 1875, Hackney, Middlesex, Eng.—died Jan. 17, 1954, Oxted, Surrey), British publisher whose Sixpenny Library and Sixpenny Poets were among the first popular series of paperback educational books.
Benn was the eldest... |
b078fbbc13661c2b602fb86ec5d9fd4c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-George-Arthur-1st-Baronet | Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet | Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet
Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet, (born June 21, 1784, Plymouth, Devon, Eng.—died Sept. 19, 1854, London), colonial administrator who was governor of Van Diemen’s Land (now Tasmania) from 1825 to 1836. His efforts to expand the island’s economy were remarkably successful.
After army duty ... |
c0b9b71310b40e1287d63c398e8724a6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-James-Fitzjames-Stephen-1st-Baronet | Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, 1st Baronet | Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, 1st Baronet
Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, 1st Baronet, (born March 3, 1829, London—died March 11, 1894, Ipswich, Suffolk, Eng.), British legal historian, Anglo-Indian administrator, judge, and author noted for his criminal-law reform proposals. His Indictable Offences Bill (late 1870s), t... |
f2a869a84b04eb1a47b5796f45c58c7d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-James-Paget-1st-Baronet | Sir James Paget, 1st Baronet | Sir James Paget, 1st Baronet
Sir James Paget, 1st Baronet, (born Jan. 11, 1814, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, Eng.—died Dec. 30, 1899, London), British surgeon and surgical pathologist.
Working at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London (1834–71), Paget discovered (1834) in human muscle the parasitic worm that causes trichino... |
e1c254da10145f20cd6af893aa333cc2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-John-Bennet-Lawes-1st-Baronet | Sir John Bennet Lawes, 1st Baronet | Sir John Bennet Lawes, 1st Baronet
Sir John Bennet Lawes, 1st Baronet, (born Dec. 28, 1814, Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, Eng.—died Aug. 31, 1900, Rothamsted), English agronomist who founded the artificial fertilizer industry and Rothamsted Experimental Station, the oldest agricultural research station in the... |
c0c86c5b0fb73fac6f5dde1fd46288a6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-John-Fowler-1st-Baronet | Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet | Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet
Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, (born July 15, 1817, Wadsley, near Sheffield, Yorkshire, Eng.—died Nov. 20, 1898, Bournemouth, Hampshire), English civil engineer who helped design and build the underground London Metropolitan Railway and was joint designer of the Forth Bridge in Scotland.
F... |
18efe747f55fc9e030be5b38b329d484 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Leander-Starr-Jameson-Baronet | Sir Leander Starr Jameson, Baronet | Sir Leander Starr Jameson, Baronet
Sir Leander Starr Jameson, Baronet, (born Feb. 9, 1853, Edinburgh—died Nov. 26, 1917, London), southern African statesman who, as friend and collaborator of Cecil Rhodes, was notorious for his abortive raid into the Transvaal to overthrow the Boer government of Paul Kruger in 1895.
... |
b3b48b5548078e640072d59ab1b84d1e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Louis-Hippolyte-LaFontaine-Baronet | Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine, Baronet | Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine, Baronet
Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine, Baronet, (born October 4, 1807, Boucherville, Lower Canada [now Quebec]—died February 26, 1864, Montreal), Canadian statesman who was joint premier of the Province of Canada with Robert Baldwin (as the attorneys general of Canada East and Canada W... |
f1e98c62ab61358db260eb2236a37821 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Osbert-Sitwell-5th-Baronet | Sir Osbert Sitwell, 5th Baronet | Sir Osbert Sitwell, 5th Baronet
Sir Osbert Sitwell, 5th Baronet, in full Francis Osbert Sacheverell Sitwell, (born Dec. 6, 1892, London, Eng.—died May 4, 1969, near Florence, Italy), English man of letters who became famous, with his sister Edith and brother Sacheverell, as a tilter at establishment windmills in lite... |
05e45792b94da3053fbfc0b7ced36c67 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Richard-Fanshawe-1st-Baronet | Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet | Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet
Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet, (born June 1608, Ware Park, Hertfordshire, Eng.—died June, 16, 1666, Madrid), English poet, translator, and diplomat whose version of Camões’ Os Lusíadas is a major achievement of English verse translation.
Educated at Cambridge, he was appointed sec... |
842a5fe28e0c66e765dfe49328084e18 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Samuel-Egerton-Brydges-1st-Baronet | Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges, 1st Baronet | Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges, 1st Baronet
Sir Samuel Egerton Brydges, 1st Baronet, (born November 30, 1762, Wootton, Kent, England—died September 8, 1837, Geneva, Switzerland), English writer and genealogist, chiefly important as the editor of rare Elizabethan and 17th-century texts, notably the 17th-century writer Edwa... |
a95cb2d0f6b24ecc561d0db57347dcd4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Thomas-Fowell-Buxton-1st-Baronet | Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet | Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet, (born April 1, 1786, Castle Hedingham, Essex, England—died February 19, 1845, near Cromer, Norfolk), British philanthropist and politician who, in 1822, succeeded William Wilberforce as leader of the campaign in the House of Commons for the a... |
5b5a110afd604347792b9aeca08f1afc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-William-Osler-Baronet | Sir William Osler, Baronet | Sir William Osler, Baronet
Sir William Osler, Baronet, (born July 12, 1849, Bond Head, Canada West [now Ontario], Can.—died Dec. 29, 1919, Oxford, Eng.), Canadian physician and professor of medicine who practiced and taught in Canada, the United States, and Great Britain and whose book The Principles and Practice of... |
ebf764669d28fa27b921f5393a75a609 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-William-Robert-Robertson-1st-Baronet | Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet | Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet
Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet, (born Jan. 29, 1860, Welbourn, Lincolnshire, Eng.—died Feb. 12, 1933, London), field marshal, chief of the British Imperial General Staff during most of World War I, who supported Sir Douglas Haig, the British commander in chief in Fr... |
9882286301091a990cc6bfab1fea3068 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sirimavo-Bandaranaike | Sirimavo Bandaranaike | Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Sirimavo Bandaranaike, in full Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike, also called Sirimavo R.D. Bandaranaike, (born April 17, 1916, Ratnapura, Ceylon [now Sri Lanka]—died October 10, 2000, Colombo, Sri Lanka), stateswoman who, upon her party’s victory in the 1960 general election in Ceylon (later S... |
64aede3bb9ff70d00d370738bffaff52 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sister-Wendy-Beckett | Sister Wendy Beckett | Sister Wendy Beckett
Sister Wendy Beckett, (born 1930, South Africa—died December 26, 2018, East Harling, England), South African-born British nun who appeared on a series of popular television shows and wrote a number of books as an art critic. Nicknamed the “Art Nun,” she offered eloquent and down-to-earth commentar... |
18ffa6f7566c23be3d1dc513fc3f4e30 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sixten-Jernberg | Sixten Jernberg | Sixten Jernberg
Sixten Jernberg, (born February 6, 1929, Lima, Sweden—died July 14, 2012, Mora), Swedish skier who was one of the most successful cross-country skiers of his era, amassing nine Olympic medals.
Jernberg was originally a lumberjack by trade and first came to prominence as a skier in the 1954 world champi... |
4f6c6361ae462a6267992eb3f54f564b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Slash-American-musician | Slash | Slash
), Slash (original name Saul Hudson; b. July 23, 1965, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England), Duff McKagan (original name Michael McKagan; b. February 5, 1964, Seattle, Washington, U.S.), Izzy Stradlin (original name Jeff Isbell; b. April 8, 1962, Lafayette, Indiana), Steve Adler (b. January 22, 1965, Cleveland... |
4c64a4757c5476d2b13cf3ca4742ddc0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Slava-Fetisov | Slava Fetisov | Slava Fetisov
Slava Fetisov, byname of Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Fetisov, (born April 20, 1958, Moscow, Russia, U.S.S.R.), Russian hockey player who was regarded as one of the best defensemen in the history of the sport. As a member of the Soviet Olympic team in the 1980s, he won two gold medals and a silver. He was al... |
90b421d3ead1ee1ef621f43340241c59 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Smenkhkare | Smenkhkare | Smenkhkare
Smenkhkare, (flourished 14th century bce), king (reigned 1335–32 bce) of the 18th dynasty (1539–1292 bce) of ancient Egypt, probably in coregency with Akhenaton, his predecessor, for most of the period. Smenkhkare’s origin and identity remain among the unresolved issues of the Amarna period.
The ephemeral S... |
a448002131e19bf77e52e275c6d8ccf5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Smithson-Tennant | Smithson Tennant | Smithson Tennant
…formed a cost-sharing partnership with Smithson Tennant, whom he had befriended at Cambridge, to produce and market chemical products. Although Tennant achieved only limited success in his independent endeavours, Wollaston was spectacularly successful. He set about trying to produce platinum in a pure... |
729939ec6f37b841c2ea4f9cd20d4b65 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Socrates-Byzantine-historian | Socrates | Socrates
Socrates, also called Socrates Scholasticus, Greek Sokrates, (born c. 380, Constantinople—died c. 450), Byzantine church historian whose annotated chronicle, Historia ecclesiastica (“Ecclesiastical History”), is an indispensable documentary source for Christian history from 305 to 439. Through excerpts from t... |
80906298430dcbbbd2721f26904203e6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Socrates/The-perceived-fragility-of-Athenian-democracy | The perceived fragility of Athenian democracy | The perceived fragility of Athenian democracy
The year in which Socrates was prosecuted, 399, was one in which several other prominent figures were brought to trial in Athens on the charge of impiety. That is unlikely to have been a coincidence; rather, it suggests that there was, at the time, a sense of anxiety about ... |
84f21bbb5309cd83e4ea312edb07e208 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Soga-Emishi?anchor=ref118501 | Soga Emishi | Soga Emishi
Soga Emishi, (died July 11, 645, Yamato, Japan), a leader of the great Soga family of Japan, whose assumption of imperial prerogatives provoked a coup d’état that destroyed the power of the Soga house and marked the end of the Asuka period (552–645) of Japanese history.
Under Emishi’s father, Soga Umako, t... |
04c33d1142ca7cec97324b7dd0360e5f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Soga-Iruka | Soga Iruka | Soga Iruka
Soga Iruka, (died July 10, 645, Yamato, Japan), a leader of the powerful Soga family of Japan, whose murder resulted in the return of governmental power to the emperor and the promulgation of a series of far-reaching reforms.
In 587, after defeating the rival Mononobe clan, the Soga family completely domina... |
dc4225f20e5d74c3aaca888f02842055 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-ben-Buyaa | Solomon ben Buya’a | Solomon ben Buya’a
Written by Solomon ben Buya’a, it was corrected, punctuated, and furnished with a Masoretic apparatus by Aaron ben Moses ben Asher about 930. Originally containing the entire Hebrew Bible in about 380 folios, of which 294 are extant, the Aleppo Codex remains the only known true representative…
|
373e3f584be0b426c576b46b9d6e1291 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-British-pianist | Solomon | Solomon
Solomon, in full Solomon Cutner, (born Aug. 9, 1902, London, Eng.—died Feb. 2, 1988, London), British pianist who was admired for his technical skill, his poetic interpretations, and his meticulous sense of pacing.
Solomon, who never used his full name professionally, was the son of a Polish-born tailor in Lo... |
6cd05e14e9c239c2492e11c9b0209999 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-Byzantine-general | Solomon | Solomon
…rapidly built under Belisarius’s successor Solomon. Some were garrison forts in the frontier region, which again seems to have extended, at least for a while, south of the Aurès and then northward from Tubunae to Saldae. But many surviving towns in the interior were also equipped with substantial walls—e.g., T... |
987d8b3e8fc206b7a5f64adbbec818b2 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-Jedidiah-Norzi | Solomon Jedidiah Norzi | Solomon Jedidiah Norzi
…known as Minhath Shai, by Solomon Jedidiah Norzi, completed in 1626 and printed in the Mantua Bible of 1742. Benjamin Kennicott collected the variants of 615 manuscripts and 52 printed editions (2 vol., 1776–80, Oxford). Giovanni Bernado De Rossi published his additional collections of 731 manus... |
58e70a51c5f86e4b006a6e6ed95928f4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-M-Mutswairo | Solomon M. Mutswairo | Solomon M. Mutswairo
Solomon M. Mutswairo, in full Solomon Mangwiro Mutswairo, Mutswairo also spelled Mutsvairo, (born April 26, 1924, Zawu, Mazoe District, Rhodesia [now Zimbabwe]—died November 2005, Zimbabwe), Zimbabwean author, who was the earliest Zezuru-language novelist and the most important Zezuru poet.
Mutswa... |
b4bdf20994fdbb54658f7ef2c0a6d10e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Solomon-Schechter | Solomon Schechter | Solomon Schechter
Solomon Schechter, (born Dec. 7, 1847, Foc-şani, Rom.—died Nov. 19, 1915, New York, N.Y., U.S.), outstanding authority on the Talmud, and a researcher who discovered important ancient documents. He was also a leader of Conservative Judaism in the United States.
Schechter studied the Talmud, the auth... |
a9d21336df39bdc4b7117c1df33c9996 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Song-Jiaoren | Song Jiaoren | Song Jiaoren
Song Jiaoren, Wade-Giles romanization Sung Chiao-jen, (born April 5, 1882, Taoyuan, Hunan province, China—died March 22, 1913, Shanghai), founder of the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang), whose assassination blighted hopes for democratic government in China in the early 20th century.
Expelled from middle sc... |
f8f0e45cbdb73e7a98baeca8ed520756 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Song-Lian | Song Lian | Song Lian
The historians Song Lian and Wang Shizhen and the philosopher-statesman Wang Yangming were among the dynasty’s most noted prose stylists, producing expository writings of exemplary lucidity and straightforwardness. Perhaps the most admired master was Gui Youguang, whose most famous writings are simple essays ... |
351038076719394c2e0c6ad95185b6b3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Song-Yun | Song Yun | Song Yun
…(518 ce), the Chinese pilgrim Song Yun noted that the crest of the bare, cold, snowy highlands was commonly believed to be “the middle point of heaven and earth”:
|
b7df022d23887d47c07260ae31bd6580 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sonia-Sanchez | Sonia Sanchez | Sonia Sanchez
Sonia Sanchez, née Wilsonia Benita Driver, (born September 9, 1934, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.), American poet, playwright, and educator who was noted for her Black activism.
Driver lost her mother as an infant, and her father moved the family to Harlem, New York City, when she was nine. She received a B.... |
4856b9950d54a2f2a528018d7172d566 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sonia-Sotomayor | Sonia Sotomayor | Sonia Sotomayor
Sonia Sotomayor, in full Sonia Maria Sotomayor, (born June 25, 1954, Bronx, New York, U.S.), associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 2009. She was the first Hispanic and the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court.
The daughter of parents who moved to New York City from Puert... |
8f2978794588e4377a7d44dbf61f9a62 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sonny-Barger | Sonny Barger | Sonny Barger
His qualified admiration of Ralph (Sonny) Barger, long-term president of the Oakland chapter, helped turn Barger into the club’s public face and national spokesman.
|
cf7740c17b93a64da5c80dafe58af7bb | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophia-B-Packard | Sophia B. Packard | Sophia B. Packard
Sophia B. Packard, (born Jan. 3, 1824, New Salem, Mass., U.S.—died June 21, 1891, Washington, D.C.), American educator, cofounder in Atlanta, Georgia, of a school for African American women that would eventually become Spelman College.
Packard attended local district school and from the age of 14 alt... |
b0c5280e4992d5f8610845b9e447f377 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophie-Arnould | Sophie Arnould | Sophie Arnould
He became the lover of Sophie Arnould, the prima donna of the Paris Opéra, and through her met his most important patron, the Comte d’Artois, Louis XVI’s youngest brother, who commissioned both the gardens of Beloeil (in Belgium) and Bagatelle. Bélanger completed Bagatelle’s pavilion in 64 days in 1777 t... |
bf3ba3beea9618e8092cbed2975a8825 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophie-countess-of-Wessex | Sophie, countess of Wessex | Sophie, countess of Wessex
Sophie, countess of Wessex, née Sophie Helen Rhys-Jones, (born January 20, 1965, Oxford, England), British consort (1999– ) of Prince Edward, the youngest child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, duke of Edinburgh.
Rhys-Jones’s father ran an import-export business that sold automobile ... |
f9d03e58b8b468618a1be7cac383345e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophie-Germain | Sophie Germain | Sophie Germain
Sophie Germain, in full Marie-Sophie Germain, (born April 1, 1776, Paris, France—died June 27, 1831, Paris), French mathematician who contributed notably to the study of acoustics, elasticity, and the theory of numbers.
As a girl Germain read widely in her father’s library and then later, using the pseu... |
581769120f07cb84bfce83a384a95507 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sophie-Tucker | Sophie Tucker | Sophie Tucker
Sophie Tucker, original name Sophie Kalish, also called Sophie Abuza, (born Jan. 13, 1884, Russia—died Feb. 9, 1966, New York, N.Y., U.S.), American singer whose 62-year stage career included American burlesque, vaudeville, and nightclub and English music hall appearances.
Born somewhere in Russia as her... |
0cfa89778d15ccc14474f665973180a6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sordello-Provencal-troubadour | Sordello | Sordello
Sordello, (born c. 1200, Goito, near Mantua [Italy]—died before 1269), most renowned Provençal troubadour of Italian birth, whose planh, or lament, on the death of his patron Blacatz (Blacas), in which he invites all Christian princes to feed on the heart of the hero so that they might absorb his virtues, is... |
6910bf680e662bb9554304427f7f4fa8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sotatsu | Sōtatsu | Sōtatsu
Sōtatsu, in full Tawaraya Sōtatsu, (flourished 1600–30s), Japanese artist of the Tokugawa period (1603–1867) who combined the traditional themes of the indigenous school of Japanese narrative scroll painting, known as Yamato-e, with the bold, decorative designs of the great screen painters of the Azuchi-Momoya... |
2362e8efe26f835243951d91a0472255 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sozomen | Sozomen | Sozomen
Sozomen, Greek Salamanes Hermeios Sozomenos, (born c. 380, Bethelea, near Gaza, Palestine—died c. 450, Constantinople, Byzantine Empire [now Istanbul, Tur.]), Christian lawyer in Constantinople whose church history, distinguished for its classical literary style, its favouring of monasticism, and its greater u... |
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