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license: cc-by-4.0 |
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# 📰 multiCred: A Dataset of News Organization Credibility on Twitter |
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**multiCred** is a research dataset collected and used in the paper |
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> **“Multilevel User Credibility Assessment in Social Networks.”** |
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It contains Twitter (X) accounts belonging to **news organizations** and their associated **tweet and comment IDs**. |
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The dataset is designed to support studies in **media credibility**, **information reliability**, and **news dissemination patterns** on social media. |
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This dataset follows the [Twitter Developer Agreement and Policy](https://developer.twitter.com/en/developer-terms/policy). |
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It includes only **Tweet IDs** and **User IDs** — no tweet text, usernames, or personal data are shared. |
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--- |
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## 🧩 Dataset Summary |
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| Aspect | Description | |
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|---------|--------------| |
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| **Paper** | *Multilevel User Credibility Assessment in Social Networks* | |
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| **Entities** | 1,233 Twitter accounts belonging to news organizations | |
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| **Fields per entry** | `user`, `tweets`, `comments`, `label_available` | |
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| **Data Type** | Tweet and User IDs only | |
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| **Labels** | Some accounts have credibility labels from NewsGuard (not publicly shared) | |
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| **Language** | Various (depending on the organization) | |
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| **License** | CC BY-NC 4.0 | |
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| **Use Case** | Research on news credibility, media bias, and misinformation | |
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--- |
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## 💾 Data Structure |
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Each entry in `multiCred.json` follows this structure: |
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```json |
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{ |
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"user": "1234567890", |
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"tweets": ["111111111111111111", "222222222222222222"], |
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"comments": ["333333333333333333", "444444444444444444"], |
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"label_available": true |
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} |
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``` |
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--- |
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# 📰 Dataset Composition |
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- **Accounts:** 1,233 verified or recognized news organizations |
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- **Tweets:** IDs of posts authored by these organizations |
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- **Comments:** IDs of replies directed at those accounts |
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- **Labels:** Some organizations are labeled according to NewsGuard’s credibility ratings (labels not publicly released) |
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--- |
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# ⚖️ Ethical and Legal Considerations |
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- All accounts represent institutional, public news outlets, **not private individuals**. |
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- Only **Tweet IDs** and **User IDs** are shared — no tweet text, usernames, bios, or images. |
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- The dataset fully complies with: |
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- Twitter Developer Policy |
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- NewsGuard Terms of Use |
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--- |
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# 🔒 Access to Credibility Labels |
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- A portion of this dataset includes credibility labels derived from NewsGuard. |
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- Due to copyright restrictions, these labels **cannot be publicly shared**. |
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- Researchers interested in accessing the labeled subset may contact for **non-commercial, academic research purposes**. |
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**Contact:** [mohammad.moradi9775@gmail.com] |
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Please include your affiliation and intended use. |
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--- |
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# 🧰 How to Rehydrate Tweets |
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You can rehydrate Profile IDs, Tweet IDs and IDs of replies to obtain profile, tweet text and their metadata using tools like twarc2 and snscrape. |
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# 🧠 Intended Uses |
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- Studying news credibility and trustworthiness on social media |
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- Modeling information diffusion from credible vs. non-credible sources |
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- Developing and evaluating automatic credibility assessment systems |
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--- |
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# 🚫 Limitations |
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- The dataset does **not include tweet text or NewsGuard ratings** |
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- Some accounts may be inactive or removed since data collection |
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- NewsGuard data remains proprietary and **cannot be redistributed** |
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- Tweet IDs may no longer resolve if the tweet or account has been deleted |
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- Labels are only available for a subset of accounts and must be requested separately |
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--- |
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# 🪪 License |
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- **License:** CC BY-NC 4.0 |
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- You may share and adapt the dataset for **non-commercial research** with proper attribution, and in full compliance with Twitter and NewsGuard policies |
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--- |
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# 🧾 Citation |
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Please cite both the dataset and the original paper: |
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```bibtex |
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@dataset{multicred_2025, |
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author = {Mohammad Moradi}, |
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title = {multiCred: A Dataset of News Organization Credibility on Twitter}, |
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year = {2025}, |
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publisher = {Hugging Face Datasets}, |
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url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/mamad97/MultiCred-Dataset} |
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} |
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@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2309-13305, |
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author = {Mohammad Moradi and |
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Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani}, |
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title = {Multilevel User Credibility Assessment in Social Networks}, |
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journal = {CoRR}, |
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volume = {abs/2309.13305}, |
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year = {2025}, |
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url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2309.13305}, |
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doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2309.13305}, |
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} |
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``` |
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