id
stringlengths
30
36
source
stringclasses
1 value
format
stringclasses
1 value
text
stringlengths
5
878k
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001134.html
ar5iv
text
# Introduction ## Introduction Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of the strong interaction, attracts a large body of theoretical work and experimental investigation. “Applications of QCD” \[theory\] probably means that the former should have something to do with the latter. This is a severe restriction. It lea...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001031.html
ar5iv
text
# Bound states of neutral particles in external electric fields published in Phys. Rev. A 61 (2000) 022101 ## I Introduction In relativistic quantum theory, a charged fermion of spin $`\frac{1}{2}`$ moving in a background electromagnetic field is described by the Dirac equation with minimal coupling to the vector pot...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001076.html
ar5iv
text
# Cosmological SPH simulations with four million particles: statistical properties of X-ray clusters in a low-density universe ## 1 Introduction Clusters of galaxies have been widely used as probes to extract the cosmological information. In particular, the cluster abundances including the X-ray temperature function ...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001154.html
ar5iv
text
# The Stellar Content of the Halo of NGC 5907 from Deep HST NICMOS Imaging 1footnote 11footnote 1Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NA...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001340.html
ar5iv
text
# A Simple BATSE Measure of GRB Duty Cycle ## Introduction The term duty cycle in astrophysics is defined as “the fraction of time a pulsed beam is on” hopkins80 . This term is more appropriate in describing periodic emitters such as pulsars than it is for non-periodic, one-time emitters such as gamma-ray bursts (GRB...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001140.html
ar5iv
text
# NEARBY OPTICAL GALAXIES: SELECTION OF THE SAMPLE AND IDENTIFICATION OF GROUPS ## 1 INTRODUCTION With the advent of large surveys of galaxy redshifts coupled to well-selected galaxy catalogs, it has become possible to delineate the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of galaxies and to attempt a 3D-definition of the...
no-problem/0001/math-ph0001041.html
ar5iv
text
# Algebra of differential forms with exterior differential 𝑑³=0 in dimension one ## 1 Introduction It is well known that one of possible ways to generalize a classical Grassmann algebra is to increase the power of nilpotency of its generators. This means that a possible generalization can be defined as an associativ...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001417.html
ar5iv
text
# Elastic moduli, dislocation core energy and melting of hard disks in two dimensions ## I Introduction One of the first continuous systems to be studied by computer simulations is the system of hard disks interacting with the two body potential, $`V(r)`$ $`=`$ $`\mathrm{},r\sigma `$ (1) $`=`$ $`0,r>\sigma `$ (2)...
no-problem/0001/cs0001024.html
ar5iv
text
# LA-UR-00-309 A Parallel Algorithm for Dilated Contour Extraction from Bilevel Images (January 12, 2000) ## Abstract We describe a simple, but efficient algorithm for the generation of dilated contours from bilevel images. The initial part of the contour extraction is explained to be a good candidate for parallel...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001194.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Introduction ## 1 Introduction To verify whether or not the Higgs mechanism is responsible for spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking as expected by the standard model (Sm), or indeed, the minimal supersymmetric standard model (Mssm), one must perform an experimental reconstruction of the Higgs self-energy pot...
no-problem/0001/math0001091.html
ar5iv
text
# Continued fractions and Catalan problems ## 1 Introduction A Catalan problem is any enumerative problem that produces the Catalan sequence of numbers or one of its many $`q`$-analogs. Stanley provides a catalog of $`66`$ Catalan problems. Interestingly, many of the generating functions that arise from these proble...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001201.html
ar5iv
text
# SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN A MESOSCOPIC DOUBLE SQUARE LOOP: EFFECT OF IMPERFECTIONS ## Abstract We have generalized the network approach to include the effects of short-range imperfections in order to analyze recent experiments on mesoscopic superconducting double loops. The presence of weakly scattering imperfections ca...
no-problem/0001/gr-qc0001049.html
ar5iv
text
# The collision and snapping of cosmic strings generating spherical impulsive gravitational waves ## 1 Introduction Several exact solutions of Einstein’s equations have been published which describe an impulsive spherical gravitational wave in a Minkowski background generated, either by a snapping cosmic string (iden...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001377.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Introduction: ## 1 Introduction: Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism are believed to be the source of radio emitting relativistic electrons in young and middle age SNRs of diameter $`D20`$ pc. But for the radio emission of evolved large diameter SNRs the mechanism of van der Laan (1962) or some modificat...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001369.html
ar5iv
text
# Dipolar Interactions and Origin of Spin Ice in Ising Pyrochlore Magnets \[ ## Abstract Recent experiments suggest that the Ising pyrochlore magnets $`\mathrm{Ho}_2\mathrm{Ti}_2\mathrm{O}_7`$ and $`\mathrm{Dy}_2\mathrm{Ti}_2\mathrm{O}_7`$ display qualitative properties of the spin ice model proposed by Harris et al...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001191.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Introduction ## 1 Introduction X-ray emission in the Universe arises in intense gravity environments. At high galactic latitudes, active galactic nuclei (AGN) and other emission line galaxies dominate the source counts at all explored fluxes, with galaxy clusters being the second most abundant source class. Rece...
no-problem/0001/gr-qc0001043.html
ar5iv
text
# Physical Consequences of Moving Faster than Light in Empty Space ## I Introduction In , basing on the theory of multifractal time and space proposed in , the main features of relative motion of systems close to inertial (”almost” inertial systems) in the space with fractal dimension of time $`d_t=d_t(𝐫,t)=1+\epsil...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001069.html
ar5iv
text
# Comment on “Hidden assumptions in decoherence theory” \[ ## Abstract It is shown that the conclusion of the paper “Hidden assumptions in decoherence theory” is the result of a misunderstanding of the concept of pointer states. It is argued that pointer states are selected by the interaction of quantum systems wit...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001095.html
ar5iv
text
# Stochastic Resonance and Nonlinear Response by NMR Spectroscopy ## Abstract We revisit the phenomenon of quantum stochastic resonance in the regime of validity of the Bloch equations. We find that a stochastic resonance behavior in the steady-state response of the system is present whenever the noise-induced relaxa...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001143.html
ar5iv
text
# X-ray Measurements of the Gravitational Potential Profile in the Central Region of the Abell 1060 Cluster of Galaxies ## 1 INTRODUCTION Measurements of the gravitational potential in clusters of galaxies provide one of the best ways to investigate the large-scale distribution of dark matter, and to constrain models...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001490.html
ar5iv
text
# Detection of Stellar Spots from the Observations of Caustic-Crossing Binary-Lens Gravitational Microlensing Events ## 1 Introduction Massive searches for gravitational microlensing events by monitoring transient brightening of source stars located in the Galactic bulge and the Magellanic Clouds have been and are be...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001110.html
ar5iv
text
# Outstanding problems in the phenomenology of hard diffractive scattering ## 1 The problems Although it has long been suspected that the factorisation of the hard component of diffractive scattering should not apply for hadron-hadron collisions, the magnitude of the breakdown at the Tevatron has come as a surprise. ...
no-problem/0001/math0001183.html
ar5iv
text
# A characterization of semiampleness and contractions of relative curves ## Introduction The Fujita–Zariski Theorem asserts that a line bundle $``$ that is ample on its base locus is *semiample*. Semiampleness means that a multiple $`^n`$, $`n>0`$ is globally generated. For discrete base locus the result goes back t...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001266.html
ar5iv
text
# The red giant branches of Galactic globular clusters in the [(𝑉-𝐼)₀,𝑀_𝑉] plane: metallicity indices and morphology ## 1 Introduction In very recent times, new determinations of Galactic globular cluster (GGC) metallicities have provided us with new homogeneous $`[\text{Fe}/\text{H}]\text{ }`$ scales. In particu...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001275.html
ar5iv
text
# Dust in the 55 Cancri planetary system ## 1 Introduction Planetary systems are born in dusty circumstellar disks. Once planets form, the circumstellar dust is thought to be continually replenished by collisions and sublimation (and subsequent condensation) of larger bodies such as asteroids, comets, and Kuiper Belt...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001180.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 The QCD pomeron exchange mechanism of the processes 𝛾⁢𝛾→𝐽/𝜓⁢𝐽/𝜓. ## Acknowledgments We are grateful to the Organizers for the interesting and stimulating meeting. This research was partially supported by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research (KBN) grants 2 P03B 89 13, 2 P03B 084 14 and by the E...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001512.html
ar5iv
text
# The Local Interstellar Medium in Puppis-VelaBased on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory at La Silla, Chile ## 1 Introduction We view the Universe through local interstellar gas and this gaseous material in the immediate vicinity of the Sun affects all absorption line studies of more distant...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001294.html
ar5iv
text
# References Avalanches of popping bubbles in collapsing foams N.Vandewalle<sup>1,2</sup>, J.F.Lentz<sup>1</sup>, S.Dorbolo<sup>1</sup> and F.Brisbois<sup>1</sup> <sup>1</sup> GRASP, Institut de Physique B5, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium. <sup>2</sup> Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hé...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001061.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Magnitudes of the imaginary parts of the dominant SM amplitudes and the contributions coming from s-channel KK-excitations. The contributions for 𝜃_𝑠=90^𝑜 are represented by triangles for the SM contributions, by circles for 𝐹_{+⁣-⁣+-} with 𝑀_𝑠=1⁢𝑇⁢𝑒⁢𝑉, and by diamonds for 𝐹_{+⁣-⁣+-} with 𝑀_𝑠=2⁢𝑇⁢𝑒⁢𝑉...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001008.html
ar5iv
text
# Extension of the Brinkman-Rice picture and the Mott transition∗ \[ ## Abstract In order to explain the metal-Mott-insulator transition, the Brinkman-Rice (BR) picture is extended. In the case of less than one as well as one electron per atom, the on-site Coulomb repulsion is given by $`U=\kappa \rho ^2U_c`$ by ave...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001145.html
ar5iv
text
# The Lake Baikal neutrino experiment ## 1 Detector and Site The Baikal Neutrino Telescope is deployed in Lake Baikal, Siberia, 3.6 km from shore at a depth of 1.1 km. NT-200, the medium-term goal of the collaboration , was put into operation at April 6th, 1998 and consists of 192 optical modules (OMs) – see fig.1. A...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001135.html
ar5iv
text
# Theory and Observations of Type I X-Ray Bursts from Neutron Stars ## I Introduction The gravitational energy release from matter accreted onto a neutron star (NS) of mass $`M`$ and radius $`R`$ is $`GMm_p/R200\mathrm{MeV}`$ per nucleon, much larger than that released from thermonuclear fusion ($`E_{nuc}5`$ MeV per ...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001063.html
ar5iv
text
# The nature of RX J0052.1-7319 ## 1 Introduction RX J0052.1-7319 (= 1E 0050.3-7335) has been discovered during Einstein observations (e.g. Seward and Mitchell 1981). But the nature of the source has not been determined making use of these Einstein observations. The source has been found to coincide with the nebular ...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001116.html
ar5iv
text
# On local invariants of pure three-qubit states ## 1 Introduction The invariants of many-particle states under unitary transformations which act on single particles separately (“local” transformations) are of interest because they give the finest discrimination between different types of entanglement. They can be r...
no-problem/0001/nlin0001013.html
ar5iv
text
# Frobenius-Perron Resonances for Maps with a Mixed Phase Space ## Abstract Resonances of the time evolution (Frobenius-Perron) operator $`𝒫`$ for phase space densities have recently been shown to play a key role for the interrelations of classical, semiclassical and quantum dynamics. Efficient methods to determine ...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001319.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Prologomena to any meta future physics ## 1 Prologomena to any meta future physics The title assigned to this talk, while certainly both eye-catching and pithy, doesn’t make any literal sense in English. “Physics needs for future accelerators” is a phrase which could be interpreted in any number of ways, leading ...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001073.html
ar5iv
text
# Alternative Supersymmetric Spectra ## Abstract We describe the features of supersymmetric spectra, alternative to and qualitatively different from that of most versions of the MSSM. The spectra are motivated by extensions of the MSSM with an extra $`U(1)^{}`$ gauge symmetry, expected in many grand unified and super...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001446.html
ar5iv
text
# Preheated Advection Dominated Accretion Flow ## 1 Introduction Gas accretes onto compact objects in disk or (quasi) spherical shape depending on the angular momentum and the entropy of the gas. The flow may have a thin disk shape with very small radial motion, or it could be spherical or spheroidal with significant...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001388.html
ar5iv
text
# ROTSE All Sky Surveys for Variable Stars I: Test Fields ## 1 Introduction The Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment<sup>1</sup><sup>1</sup>1For more details see http://www.umich.edu/$$rotse (ROTSE) is a collection of instruments designed to search for astrophysical transients, especially those associated with...
no-problem/0001/hep-th0001006.html
ar5iv
text
# Questions in quantum physics: a personal view ## 1 Introduction Personal views are shaped by past experiences and so it may be worth while pondering a little about accidental circumstances which channelled the course of one’s own thinking. Meeting the right person at the right time, stumbling across a book or artic...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001097.html
ar5iv
text
# Quantum mechanics and the Continuum Problem (II) ## Abstract In one-dimensional case, it is shown that the basic principles of quantum mechanics are properties of the set of intermediate cardinality. PACS numbers: 03.65.Bz, 02.10.Cz The concept of discrete space is not a unique alternative of the continuous space...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001438.html
ar5iv
text
# Prompt Optical Observations of Gamma-ray Bursts ## 1 Introduction The gamma-ray emission of GRBs typically has a duration of the order of tens of seconds or less and exhibits little pattern in its very pronounced temporal variation. Until 1997, the brevity of bursts prevented multi-wavelength observation which woul...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001430.html
ar5iv
text
# Outbursts of EX Hydrae: mass transfer events or disc instabilities? ## 1 Introduction If intermediate polars (IPs) are cataclysmic variables possessing partial accretion discs, with the centre disrupted by a magnetic field, then we expect that they can show disc instability outbursts, as dwarf novae do. Several IPs...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001302.html
ar5iv
text
# A continuous low star formation rate in IZw 18 ? This research has made use of NASA’s Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service. ## 1 Introduction The blue compact galaxy IZw 18 is a fiducial object - it has a very low metallicity and is currently experiencing an intense star formation episode. Its metallicity (Se...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001117.html
ar5iv
text
# The PSCz catalogue ## 1 Introduction Data from IRAS (the Infra-Red Astronomical Satellite) allows unparalleled uniformity, sky coverage and depth for mapping the local galaxy density field. In 1992, with completion of the QDOT and 1.2 Jy surveys (Rowan-Robinson et al. 1990a, Lawrence et al. 1999, Strauss et al. 199...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001285.html
ar5iv
text
# The INT Wide Field Imaging Survey(WFS) ## 1 Introduction Astronomy is basically an observational science, and the development and advancement of the subject has relied heavily on surveys of the sky at optical wavelengths to expand our knowledge of the observable Universe. However despite the considerable advances i...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001240.html
ar5iv
text
# Exact Zeros of the Partition Function for a Continuum System with Double Gaussian Peaks ## I Introduction It has been a central theme since the discovery of statistical mechanics to understand how the analytic partition function for a finite-size system acquires a singularity in the thermodynamic limit if the syste...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001151.html
ar5iv
text
# Charge Fluctuations on Membrane Surfaces in Water ## I Introduction In recent years there has been a growing interest in electrostatic systems that are dominated by ion fluctuations and ion distributions around larger charged objects. In some of these systems one finds attraction between like charged objects and di...
no-problem/0001/nlin0001062.html
ar5iv
text
# Microscopic chaos and diffusion ## I Introduction It is generally assumed that diffusion in macroscopic systems is a result of chaos on a microscopic scale, following Einstein’s 1905 explanation for Brownian motion, that is, the movement of a colloidal particle due to thermal fluctuations in the surrounding fluid. ...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001288.html
ar5iv
text
# Pinning of quantized vortices in helium drops by dopant atoms and molecules ## Abstract Using a density functional method, we investigate the properties of liquid <sup>4</sup>He droplets doped with atoms (Ne and Xe) and molecules (SF<sub>6</sub> and HCN). We consider the case of droplets having a quantized vortex p...
no-problem/0001/nucl-th0001043.html
ar5iv
text
# Shell model description of normal parity bands in odd-mass heavy deformed nuclei ## Abstract The low-energy spectra and B(E2) electromagnetic transition strengths of <sup>159</sup>Eu, <sup>159</sup>Tb and <sup>159</sup>Dy are described using the pseudo SU(3) model. Normal parity bands are built as linear combinatio...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001238.html
ar5iv
text
# CCD photometry in the region of NGC 6994: the remains of an old open cluster Table 1 is only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html ## 1 Introduction Open clusters are very useful for many purposes concerning ou...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001087.html
ar5iv
text
# Resonances and Chaos in the Collective Oscillations of a Trapped Bose Condensate ## References 1. M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, M.R. Matthews, C.E. Wieman, and E.A. Cornell, Science 269, 189 (1995). 2. K.B. Davis, M.O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.S. Drufee, D.M. Stamper-Kurn, and W. Ketterle, Phys. Rev. ...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001241.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Solid lines: the fluid-solid and fluid-fluid phase lines from the simulations of Dijkstra et. al.[] for 𝑅=1/30. Dotted lines and dash-dotted lines: the coordination number calculated as in the text using the AO potential and the potential from the simulations respectively. Long-dashed line: the 𝑛_𝑏=2.4 line prop...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001418.html
ar5iv
text
# The Magnetic Fields of the Universe and Their Origin ## 1. Introduction The problem of understanding the origin of the large scale galactic magnetic fields has been with us for over forty years. There have been many papers and reviews on the galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields (see Moffatt 1978; Parker 1979;...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001082.html
ar5iv
text
# The strain energy and Young’s modulus of single-wall carbon nanotubes calculated from the electronic energy-band theory ## Abstract The strain energies in straight and bent single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are calculated by taking account of the total energy of all the occupied band electrons. The obtained re...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001031.html
ar5iv
text
# Simple model for the linear temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of layered cuprates ## I Introduction The linear temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity $`\rho _{ab}T`$ is one of the most important properties of the normal phase kinetics of high-$`T_c`$ layered cuprates. However, desp...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001070.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Introduction ## 1 Introduction Neutral hydrogen in the nearby Universe is observed to reside in the gravitational potential wells associated with galaxies. In optically luminous galaxies, the neutral gas is a minor fraction of the baryonic mass, while in some extreme low surface brightness dwarfs, the mass in gas...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001066.html
ar5iv
text
# The effect of compression on the global optimization of atomic clusters ## I Introduction One of the most important types of global optimization problem, and one which is particularly of interest to chemical physicists, is the determination of the lowest energy configuration of a molecular system, such as a protein...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001005.html
ar5iv
text
# 1 Introduction ## 1 Introduction Isolated neutron stars (INSs), which don’t show radio pulsar activity attract now much attention of astrophysicists due to recent observations of several candidates with the ROSAT sattelite (see Neühauser & Trümper 1999 and a review in Treves et al. 2000). As we discussed in our pre...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001225.html
ar5iv
text
# A Mechanism for Cutting Carbon Nanotubes with a Scanning Tunneling Microscope ## I Introduction Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes in 1991 a lot of progress has been made in the synthesis as well as in the characterization of the electronic, optical and mechanical properties of these remarkable molecules . Th...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001016.html
ar5iv
text
# Rapidity gaps at HERA and the Tevatron from soft colour exchanges11footnote 1Presented by R. Enberg at UK Phenomenology Workshop on Collider Physics, Durham, England, September 1999 ## References
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001007.html
ar5iv
text
# Introduction to Neutrinos ## 1 Neutrino Story Once it became apparent that the spectrum of $`\beta `$ electrons was continuous , something drastic had to be done! In December 1930, in a letter that starts with typical panache, $`\mathrm{`}\mathrm{`}`$Dear Radioactive Ladies and Gentlemen…”, W. Pauli puts forward a ...
no-problem/0001/physics0001018.html
ar5iv
text
# Hierarchy of time scales and quasitrapping in the 𝑁-atom micromaser ## Conclusions and discussion The main result of our work is the discovered possibility to purposefully create in the cavity quasistable states close to Fock states. We analyzed the dynamics of the micromaser pumped by $`N`$-atomic clusters . Our ...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001049.html
ar5iv
text
# A Generalized Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian and Supersymmetric Shape-Invariance ## I Introduction Supersymmetric quantum mechanics deals with pairs of Hamiltonians which have the same energy spectra, but different eigenstates. A number of such pairs of Hamiltonians share an integrability condition called shape invar...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001257.html
ar5iv
text
# Identification of the Coronal Sources of the Fast Solar Wind ## 1 INTRODUCTION One of the primary objectives of the SOHO mission is the identification of the source and acceleration mechanisms of the fast solar wind. Although polar coronal holes and regions with open magnetic field configuration were recognized lon...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001336.html
ar5iv
text
# ISO Spectroscopy of H2 in Star Forming Regions ## 1 Introduction Molecular hydrogen is expected to be ubiquitous in the circumstellar environment of Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). It is the main constituent of the molecular cloud from which the young star has formed and is also expected to be the main component of t...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001211.html
ar5iv
text
# Drift-Controlled Anomalous Diffusion: A Solvable Gaussian Model \[ ## Abstract We introduce a Langevin equation characterized by a time dependent drift. By assuming a temporal power-law dependence of the drift we show that a great variety of behavior is observed in the dynamics of the variance of the process. In p...
no-problem/0001/gr-qc0001053.html
ar5iv
text
# Untitled Document Areas of the Event Horizon and Stationary Limit Surface for a Kerr Black Hole C. A. Pickett and J. D. Zund<sup>a</sup> Departments of Mathematical Sciences and Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, 88003 I. INTRODUCTION The notions of an event horizon, (EH), and stati...
no-problem/0001/hep-ex0001058.html
ar5iv
text
# Atmospheric neutrinos ## 1 INTRODUCTION Atmospheric neutrinos are produced in the cascade originated in the atmosphere by a primary cosmic ray. Underground detection of atmospheric neutrino-induced events was pioneered by the Kolar Gold Field KGF experiment in India and the CWI2 experiment in a mine in South Africa...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001094.html
ar5iv
text
# Dynamics of Collapse of flexible Polyelectrolytes and Polyampholytes ## Abstract We provide a theory for the dynamics of collapse of strongly charged polyelectrolytes (PEs) and flexible polyampholytes (PAs) using Langevin equation. After the initial stage, in which counterions condense onto PE, the mechanism of app...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001353.html
ar5iv
text
# On the Viewing Angle Dependence of Blazar Variability ## 1 Introduction The rapid variability often exhibited by blazars and GRBs is widely attributed to formation of internal shocks in the expelled outflow (see e.g., Rees 1978; Romanova & Lovelace 1997; Levinson 1998, in the context of blazars, and Rees & Meszaros...
no-problem/0001/hep-ex0001064.html
ar5iv
text
# The DELPHI Silicon Tracker in the global pattern recognition ## 1 Introduction Since 1990 DELPHI has been operating a Silicon Tracker in the barrel region close to the beam pipe. This detector has been upgraded three times to follow the different tracking requirements for LEP 1 and LEP 2 as well as to improve the...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001137.html
ar5iv
text
# A MONTE CARLO FOR BFKL PHYSICS11footnote 1Presented at the International Workshop on Linear Colliders, Sitges, Spain, April 28-May 5, 1999 ## 1 Introduction High energy $`e^+e^{}`$ collisions can lead to the scattering of virtual photons emitted by the initial electron and positron. When the virtuality $`Q^2`$ of t...
no-problem/0001/nlin0001068.html
ar5iv
text
# Modulated Amplitude Waves and the Transition from Phase to Defect Chaos ## Abstract The mechanism for transitions from phase to defect chaos in the one-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) is presented. We introduce and describe periodic coherent structures of the CGLE, called Modulated Amplitude Wav...
no-problem/0001/hep-th0001105.html
ar5iv
text
# MIT-CTP-2939YITP-00-3hep-th/0001105 January 2000 T-duality of non-commutative gauge theories ## 1 Introduction Non-commutative gauge theories have attracted much attention since the existence of the limit realizing non-commutative gauge theories as theories on D-branes was found. It is known that the non-commutativ...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001081.html
ar5iv
text
# A limit-cycle model for the binary supersoft X-ray source RX J0513.9-6951 ## 1 Introduction Luminous supersoft X-ray sources (SSS) have been established as a new and distinct class of objects which are observationally distinguished by their very soft X-ray spectra with temperatures on the order of 30 eV and luminos...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001107.html
ar5iv
text
# Electron Localization at Metal Surfaces ## I Introduction For every given solid surface, breaking of periodicity in one dimension will result in a change in the electronic states near and at the surface, since the lack of nearest neighbours on one side of the surface atoms causes a sensible local rearrangement of t...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001014.html
ar5iv
text
# Spin-Peierls instability in the spin-1/2 transverse 𝑋⁢𝑋 chain with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction ## Abstract We calculate exactly the density of magnon states of the regularly alternating spin-$`\frac{1}{2}`$ $`XX`$ chain with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. The obtained result permit us to examine the sta...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001041.html
ar5iv
text
# Untitled Document Evidence for a low density Universe from the relative velocities of galaxies R. Juszkiewicz<sup>∗§</sup>, P. G. Ferreira<sup>∗∥¶</sup>, H. A. Feldman<sup>#</sup>, A. H. Jaffe<sup>∗∗</sup>, M. Davis<sup>∗∗</sup> Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Sw...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001456.html
ar5iv
text
# A Search for Sub-millisecond Pulsations in Unidentified FIRST and NVSS Radio Sources ## 1. Introduction The FIRST survey (Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty Centimeters) and NVSS survey (NRAO VLA Sky Survey) are recent 1400 MHz VLA radio surveys of the Northern sky. The FIRST survey is an ongoing survey of the...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001180.html
ar5iv
text
# Coherent Stranski-Krastanov growth in 1+1 dimensions with anharmonic interactions: An equilibrium study ## I Introduction The preparation of arrays of defect free three-dimen-sional (3D) nanoscale islands is a subject of intense research in the last decade owing to possible optoelectronic applications as quantum do...
no-problem/0001/physics0001025.html
ar5iv
text
# Forecast and event control On what is and what cannot be possible Part I: Classical case ## Principle of self-consistency An irreducible, atomic physical phenomenon manifests itself as a click of some detector. There can either be a click or there can be no click. This yes-no scheme is experimental physics in-a-nut...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001210.html
ar5iv
text
# E-print hep-ph/0001210 Preprint YARU-HE-00/02 Mass Shift of Axion in Magnetic Field ## Acknowledgments This work was partially supported by INTAS under grant No. 96-0659 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 98-02-16694.
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001497.html
ar5iv
text
# Spectral Evolution of the Peculiar Ic Supernova 1998bw ## 1 Introduction ### 1.1 SN/GRB association The suggestion that type Ic supernova (SN) 1998bw is the optical counterpart of $`\gamma `$-ray burst (GRB) 980425 has forced us to rethink the mechanics of both SNe and GRBs. The association of SN 1998bw and GRB980...
no-problem/0001/hep-ph0001141.html
ar5iv
text
# Featuring the structure functions geometry ## Introduction The behavior and dependence of the structure functions on the Bjorken $`x`$ is among the most actively discussed subjects in the unpolarized and polarized deep-inelastic scattering. The particular role here belongs to the small $`x`$ region where asymptotic...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001088.html
ar5iv
text
# Evolution of Cluster Galaxies in Hierarchical Clustering Universes ## 1. Introduction Rich clusters of galaxies are large laboratories for studying galaxy evolution (Dressler 1984), and their evolution can be followed with samples out to $`z1`$ (Rosati et al. 1998). It is well established that galaxy populations va...
no-problem/0001/hep-lat0001004.html
ar5iv
text
# Anisotropic improved actions ## 1 INTRODUCTION The advantage of using improved actions has been recognized in many area of lattice simulations; at the same time the merits of using anisotropic lattice have been well understood. Then we had started the study of the anisotropic properties for the improved actions. Th...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001337.html
ar5iv
text
# Non-parametric star formation histories for 5 dwarf spheroidal galaxies of the local group ## 1 Introduction The local dwarf spheroidal galaxies form a sample of small galaxies which, due to their relatively nearby locations and close association with the Milky Way could in principle furnish crucial observational a...
no-problem/0001/quant-ph0001010.html
ar5iv
text
# Do the precise measurements of the Casimir force agree with the expectations? ## Abstract An upper limit on the Casimir force is found using the dielectric functions of perfect crystalline materials which depend only on well defined material constants. The force measured with the atomic force microscope is larger t...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001152.html
ar5iv
text
# Interpretation of a microwave induced current step in a single intrinsic Josephson junction on a Bi-2223 thin film ## 1 INTRODUCTION It is well established now that the electronic $`c`$-axis transport in the superconducting state of high-$`T_c`$-superconductors (HTSC) like $`(Bi,Pb)_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_{10+x}`$ (Bi-2223...
no-problem/0001/hep-lat0001026.html
ar5iv
text
# Chiral condensate in the quenched Schwinger model ## I Introduction Use of quenched QCD as an approximation to the full theory depends upon a good understanding of the regions of parameter space where the quenched theory differs in important ways from the full theory. For the case of the chiral condensate $`\overli...
no-problem/0001/nucl-th0001044.html
ar5iv
text
# Particle Multiplicities and Thermalization in High Energy Collisions ## 1 Introduction The use of thermal or statistical models to describe multiparticle production has a long history . Recent studies \[ReferencesReferences\] observe that the multiplicities of hadron production in a variety of contexts ($`e^+e^{}`$...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001364.html
ar5iv
text
# Electric Field Induced Phase Transition in KDP Crystal Near Curie Point: Raman and X-ray Scattering Studies ## Abstract X-ray scattering measurements are performed in order to verify that the mechanism leading to the DC electric field induced $`C_{2v}^{19}C_{2v}^{19}`$ phase transition in KDP crystal at 119 K is th...
no-problem/0001/astro-ph0001368.html
ar5iv
text
# Nanoarcsecond Single-Dish Imaging of the Vela Pulsar ## 1. Introduction Under sufficiently strong scattering conditions, a point source whose radiation propagates through the Interstellar Medium (ISM) exhibits diffractive scintillation, whereby the fluctuations in the intensity, $`I`$, are fully modulated: $`(II)^2...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001099.html
ar5iv
text
# Connection between charge transfer and alloying core-level shifts based on density-functional calculations ## I Introduction The concept of charge transfer is fundamental to chemistry and condensed-matter physics. Unfortunately, it is frustratingly difficult to give a precise definition of charge transfer, or even ...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001118.html
ar5iv
text
# Models of the Small World A Review ## 1 Introduction The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs estimates that the population of the world exceeded six billion people for the first time on October 12, 1999. There is no doubt that the world of human society has become quite large in recent times. N...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001342.html
ar5iv
text
# Structure and rheology of binary mixtures in shear flow ## I Introduction The kinetics of phase separation of a disordered system quenched into a multiphase coexistence region has been extensively studied in the last years . The main features of the process are well understood: After an early stage during which ord...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001318.html
ar5iv
text
# Superconductivity in a Ferromagnetic Layered Compound \[ ## Abstract We examine superconductivity in layered systems with large Fermi-surface splitting due to coexisting ferromagnetic layers. In particular, the hybrid ruthenate-cuprate compound $`\mathrm{RuSr}_2\mathrm{GdCu}_2\mathrm{O}_8`$ is examined on the coex...
no-problem/0001/cond-mat0001438.html
ar5iv
text
# Auger decay, Spin-exchange, and their connection to Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons in Cu2O \[ ## Abstract In view of the recent experiments of O’Hara et al. on excitons in Cu<sub>2</sub>O, we examine the interconversion between the angular-momentum triplet-state excitons and the angular-momentum singlet-s...