id stringlengths 1 7 | text stringlengths 154 333k |
|---|---|
7400 | word:
smelt
word_type:
noun
expansion:
smelt (plural smelts)
forms:
form:
smelts
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
smelt
smelt (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle English smelt, from Old English smelt, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaz.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any small anadromous fish of the family Osmeridae, found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and in lakes in North America and northern part of Europe.
A fool; a simpleton.
senses_topics:
|
7401 | word:
smelt
word_type:
verb
expansion:
smelt
forms:
wikipedia:
smelt (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From very early Middle English smel; likely to derive from Old English, but not recorded.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past and past participle of smell
senses_topics:
|
7402 | word:
smelt
word_type:
noun
expansion:
smelt (countable and uncountable, plural smelts)
forms:
form:
smelts
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
smelt (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle Dutch smelten (“to melt”) or Middle Low German smelten (“to melt”), from Old Dutch *smeltan or Old Saxon smeltan, both from Proto-West Germanic *smeltan, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaną (“to melt”).
Related to English melt and Old English meltan (“to melt”). Cognate to Dutch smelten, German schmelzen.
senses_examples:
text:
1982, Raymond E. Kirk and Donald F. Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Wiley, →ISBN, page 405,
The green liquor, ie, [sic] the solution obtained on dissolving the smelt, contains an insoluble residue called dregs, which gives it a dark green appearance.
text:
1996, Arthur J. Wilson, The Living Rock: The Story of Metals Since Earliest Time and Their Impact on Civilization,
When the smelt was complete the crucible could be lifted out and the metal poured directly into the moulds, thus avoiding the need to break it up and remelt […]
text:
2000, Julian Henderson, The Science and Archaeology of Materials: An Investigation of Inorganic Materials,
[…] can vary in different positions in the furnace and during the smelt.
Furnaces are unlikely to survive the smelts; all that often remains on metal production sites is just furnace bases and broken fragments of furnaces […]
text:
2002, Jenny Moore, “Who Lights the Fire? Gender and the Energy of Production”, in Moira Donald and Linda Hurcombe (eds.), Gender and Material Culture in Archaeological Perspective, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 130,
Women are allowed to play some small part in the smelt if they are breastfeeding or post-menopausal (van der Merwe and Avery, 1988).
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Production of metal, especially iron, from ore in a process that involves melting and chemical reduction of metal compounds into purified metal.
Any of the various liquids or semi-molten solids produced and used during the course of such production.
senses_topics:
|
7403 | word:
smelt
word_type:
verb
expansion:
smelt (third-person singular simple present smelts, present participle smelting, simple past and past participle smelted)
forms:
form:
smelts
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
smelting
tags:
participle
present
form:
smelted
tags:
participle
past
form:
smelted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
smelt (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle Dutch smelten (“to melt”) or Middle Low German smelten (“to melt”), from Old Dutch *smeltan or Old Saxon smeltan, both from Proto-West Germanic *smeltan, from Proto-Germanic *smeltaną (“to melt”).
Related to English melt and Old English meltan (“to melt”). Cognate to Dutch smelten, German schmelzen.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To fuse or melt two things into one, especially in order to extract metal from ore; to meld.
senses_topics:
|
7404 | word:
GNP
word_type:
noun
expansion:
GNP (plural GNPs)
forms:
form:
GNPs
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Initialism of gross national product.
senses_topics:
economics
sciences |
7405 | word:
sang
word_type:
verb
expansion:
sang
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past of sing
senses_topics:
|
7406 | word:
sang
word_type:
noun
expansion:
sang
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Alternative form of sheng (“Chinese wind instrument”)
senses_topics:
|
7407 | word:
sew
word_type:
verb
expansion:
sew (third-person singular simple present sews, present participle sewing, simple past sewed, past participle sewn or sewed or (obsolete) sewen)
forms:
form:
sews
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
sewing
tags:
participle
present
form:
sewed
tags:
past
form:
sewn
tags:
participle
past
form:
sewed
tags:
participle
past
form:
sewen
tags:
obsolete
participle
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English sewen, seowen, sowen, from Old English siwian, seowian, seowan (“to sew, mend, patch, knit together, link, unite”), from Proto-Germanic *siwjaną (“to sew”), from Proto-Indo-European *syewh₁- (“to sew”). Cognate with Scots sew (“to sew”), North Frisian saie, sei (“to sew”), Saterland Frisian säie (“to sew”), Danish sy, Polish szyć, Russian шить (šitʹ), Swedish sy, Latin suō, Sanskrit सीव्यति (sī́vyati). Related to seam.
senses_examples:
text:
Balls were first made of grass or leaves held together by strings, and later of pieces of animal skin sewn together and stuffed with feathers or hay.
type:
example
text:
She [Kate Spade] took the label, which originally had been on the inside of the bag, and sewed it to the outside.
ref:
2018 June 5, Jonah Engel Bromwich, Vanessa Friedman, Matthew Schneier, “Kate Spade, whose handbags carried women into adulthood, is dead at 55”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-06
type:
quotation
text:
to sew money into a bag
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To use a needle to pass thread repeatedly through (pieces of fabric) in order to join them together.
To use a needle to pass thread repeatedly through pieces of fabric in order to join them together.
Followed by into: to enclose by sewing.
senses_topics:
|
7408 | word:
sew
word_type:
verb
expansion:
sew (third-person singular simple present sews, present participle sewing, simple past and past participle sewed)
forms:
form:
sews
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
sewing
tags:
participle
present
form:
sewed
tags:
participle
past
form:
sewed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Back-formation from sewer (“a drain”).
senses_examples:
text:
Now geld with the gelder the ram and the bul, / sew ponds, amend dammes, and sel webster thy wul
ref:
1573, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie, volume 8, page 40
type:
quotation
text:
[…] accommodated a sluce to clense and sew the Pond, with a grate of wood to let out the wast, as in other stews and Vivaries.
ref:
c. 1700, John Evelyn, chapter 9, in Elysium Britannicum, Or the Royal Gardens, published 1998, page 183
type:
quotation
text:
If the Bank of a Pond sews, it will preserve the Fish in Frost; the Reason, as I imagine, is, because where the Water sews out, the Air will bubble in, which relieves the Fish; or perhaps it might put the Water into some Degree of Motion.
ref:
1713, Roger North, A discourse of fish and fish-ponds
type:
quotation
text:
The upward reaction of the keel blocks may be considered as a negative weight in a moment calculation, producing a decrease in the ship's stability, and it is most important that the vessel remains stable until she takes the blocks along the full length of her keel, i.e. when she is sewed, for until this moment the side shores cannot be successfully rigged.
ref:
1962, Theory and Practice of Seamanship, page 236
type:
quotation
text:
A ship resting upon the ground, where the water has fallen, so as to afford no hope of floating until lightened, or the return tide floats her, is said to be sewed, by as much as the difference between the surface of the water, and the ship's floating-mark.
ref:
2008, William Henry Smyth, The Sailor's Word
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To drain the water from.
Of a ship, to be grounded.
senses_topics:
nautical
transport |
7409 | word:
sew
word_type:
noun
expansion:
sew (plural sews)
forms:
form:
sews
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English sew (“broth”), from Old English sēaw (“sap, juice”), from Proto-West Germanic *sauw.
senses_examples:
text:
And than as for other Potages, ſtued Trypys, yt is dight redy. And than for to make the Numbleis in ſewe[…]
ref:
c. 1555, John Lacy, “For to make Frumente”, in Wyl Bucke His Teſtament, London: Wyllam Copland
type:
quotation
text:
At Ewle we wonten gambole, daunce, to carrole, and to ſing, To haue gud ſpiced Sewe, and Roſte, and plum-pies for a King[…]
ref:
1597, William Warner, chapter XXIIII, in Albions England a continued hiſtorie of the ſame kingdome […], volume Book V, London: Ioan Broome, page 121
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Broth, gravy.
senses_topics:
|
7410 | word:
spell
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spell (plural spells)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spell, spel, from Old English spell (“news, story”), from Proto-Germanic *spellą (“speech, account, tale”), from Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to tell”) or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to speak, to sound”) with the s-mobile prefix. Cognate with dialectal German Spill, Icelandic spjall (“discussion, talk”), spjalla (“to discuss, to talk”), guðspjall (“gospel”) and Albanian fjalë (“word”).
senses_examples:
text:
He cast a spell to cure warts.
type:
example
text:
under a spell
type:
example
text:
Skies are not so black / Mary took me back / Mary has broken your spell
ref:
1962, Marty Robbins (lyrics and music), “Devil Woman”
type:
quotation
text:
I believe your love has placed its spell on me
ref:
2020, Deftones, The Spell of Mathematics
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Words or a formula supposed to have magical powers.
A magical effect or influence induced by an incantation or formula.
Speech, discourse.
senses_topics:
|
7411 | word:
spell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spelling
tags:
participle
present
form:
spelled
tags:
participle
past
form:
spelled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spell, spel, from Old English spell (“news, story”), from Proto-Germanic *spellą (“speech, account, tale”), from Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to tell”) or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to speak, to sound”) with the s-mobile prefix. Cognate with dialectal German Spill, Icelandic spjall (“discussion, talk”), spjalla (“to discuss, to talk”), guðspjall (“gospel”) and Albanian fjalë (“word”).
senses_examples:
text:
[…] although the Kings Jealousie was thus particular to her, his Affection was as general to others […] Above all, for a time he was much speld with Elianor Talbot […]
ref:
1647, George Buck, The History and Life and Reigne of Richard the Third, London, Book 4, p. 116
type:
quotation
text:
1697, John Dryden (translator), Georgics, Book 3 in The Works of Virgil, London: Jacob Tonson, p. 109, lines 444-446,
This, gather’d in the Planetary Hour,
With noxious Weeds, and spell’d with Words of pow’r
Dire Stepdames in the Magick Bowl infuse;
text:
But when, O Wells! thy roses came to me
ref:
1817, John Keats, “To a Friend who sent me some Roses”, in Poems, London: C. & J. Ollier, page 83
type:
quotation
roman:
My sense with their deliciousness was spell’d:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To put under the influence of a spell; to affect by a spell; to bewitch; to fascinate; to charm.
senses_topics:
|
7412 | word:
spell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled or (mostly UK) spelt)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spelling
tags:
participle
present
form:
spelled
tags:
participle
past
form:
spelled
tags:
past
form:
spelt
tags:
UK
participle
past
form:
spelt
tags:
UK
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spellen, from Anglo-Norman espeler, espeleir, Old French espeller, espeler (compare Modern French épeler), from Frankish *spelōn, merged with native Old English spellian (“to tell, speak”), both eventually from Proto-Germanic *spellōną (“to speak”). Related with etymology 1. The sense “indicate a future event” probably in part a backformation from forespell (literally “to tell in advance”).
senses_examples:
text:
I find it difficult to spell because I'm dyslexic.
type:
example
text:
"He'll do," said Bildad, eyeing me, and then went on spelling away at his book in a mumbling tone quite audible.
ref:
1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick
type:
quotation
text:
The letters “a”, “n” and “d” spell “and”.
type:
example
text:
In Esperanto each letter has only one sound, and each sound is represented in only one way. The words are pronounced exactly as spelt, every letter being sounded.
ref:
2008, Helen Fryer, The Esperanto Teacher, BiblioBazaar, LLC, page 13
type:
quotation
text:
Welcome to the League Aiming to Menace and Overthrow Spies!
You realize that spells “LAMOS”?
ref:
2006 March 13, Richard Clark, “The Dream Teens”, in Totally Spies!: Undercover, season 4, episode 1, spoken by Terrence Lewis and Tim Scam (Matt Charles and Michael Gough), Marathon Media, via Teletoon
type:
quotation
text:
Please spell it out for me.
type:
example
text:
When we get elected, for instance, we get one of these, and we are pretty much told what is in it, and it is our responsibility to read it and understand it, and if we do not, the Ethics Committee, we can call them any time of day and ask them to spell it out for us[…]
ref:
2003, U.S. Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbel, Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
type:
quotation
text:
This spells trouble.
type:
example
text:
1770, Thomas Warton, “Ode on the Approach of Summer” in A Collection of Poems in Four Volumes, London: G. Pearch, Volume 1, p. 278,
As thro’ the caverns dim I wind,
Might I that legend find,
By fairies spelt in mystic rhymes,
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To write or say the letters that form a word or part of a word.
To read (something) as though letter by letter; to peruse slowly or with effort.
Of letters: to compose (a word).
To clarify; to explain in detail.
To indicate that (some event) will occur; typically followed by a single-word noun.
To constitute; to measure.
To speak, to declaim.
To tell; to relate; to teach.
senses_topics:
|
7413 | word:
spell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spell (third-person singular simple present spells, present participle spelling, simple past and past participle spelled or spelt)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spelling
tags:
participle
present
form:
spelled
tags:
participle
past
form:
spelled
tags:
past
form:
spelt
tags:
participle
past
form:
spelt
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spelen, from Old English spelian (“to represent, take or stand in the place of another, act as a representative of another”), akin to Middle English spale (“a rest or break”), Old English spala (“representative, substitute”).
senses_examples:
text:
to spell the helmsman
text:
They spelled the horses and rested in the shade of some trees near a brook.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To work in place of (someone).
To rest (someone or something), to give someone or something a rest or break.
To rest from work for a time.
senses_topics:
|
7414 | word:
spell
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spell (plural spells)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spelen, from Old English spelian (“to represent, take or stand in the place of another, act as a representative of another”), akin to Middle English spale (“a rest or break”), Old English spala (“representative, substitute”).
senses_examples:
text:
I had a job in the great North Woods / Workin' as a cook for a spell / But I never did like it all that much / And one day the ax just fell
ref:
1975, Bob Dylan (lyrics and music), “Tangled Up in Blue”
type:
quotation
text:
Despite his ill-fated spell at Anfield, he received a warm reception from the same Liverpool fans he struggled to win over before being sacked midway through last season.
ref:
2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, in BBC Sport
type:
quotation
text:
Even Mrs. Harker seems to lose sight of her trouble for whole spells. [...] When he had spoken, Mina's long spell of silence made me look at her.
ref:
1897, Bram Stoker, chapter 24, in Dracula, HTML edition
type:
quotation
text:
So after a short spell in the brass foundry the wisest course was to follow with a similar period in the steel foundry, where much important work was done, including the manufacture of centres for wheels.
ref:
1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 343
type:
quotation
text:
[...] Class 37s became synonymous with the depot, and over the years more than a third of the class had a spell allocated to the shed.
ref:
2020 June 17, John Crosse, “Thornaby's traction transition”, in Rail, page 65
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A shift (of work); (rare) a set of workers responsible for a specific turn of labour.
A definite period (of work or other activity).
An indefinite period of time (usually with a qualifier); by extension, a relatively short distance.
A period of rest; time off.
A period of illness, or sudden interval of bad spirits, disease etc.
An uninterrupted series of alternate overs bowled by a single bowler.
senses_topics:
ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports |
7415 | word:
spell
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spell (plural spells)
forms:
form:
spells
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spel (“a thin piece of wood”), from Old Norse [Term?].
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A splinter, usually of wood; a spelk.
The wooden bat in the game of trap ball, or knurr and spell.
senses_topics:
|
7416 | word:
greylag goose
word_type:
noun
expansion:
greylag goose (plural greylag geese)
forms:
form:
greylag geese
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Anser anser, a goose found across much of the Palearctic.
senses_topics:
|
7417 | word:
mallard
word_type:
noun
expansion:
mallard (plural mallards or mallard)
forms:
form:
mallards
tags:
plural
form:
mallard
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English malard, mawlard, mawdelard, from Old French malard, malart, mallart (“male wild duck”), from Old French male, masle (“male”) + -ard, -art. Cognate with Medieval Latin maslardus, mallardus.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Anas platyrhynchos, a common and widespread dabbling duck, natively found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, whose male has a distinctive dark green head.
senses_topics:
|
7418 | word:
undo
word_type:
verb
expansion:
undo (third-person singular simple present undoes, present participle undoing, simple past undid, past participle undone)
forms:
form:
undoes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
undoing
tags:
participle
present
form:
undid
tags:
past
form:
undone
tags:
participle
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English undōn, from Old English ondōn, from Proto-West Germanic *andadōn (“to undo”), equivalent to un- + do. Cognate with West Frisian ûndwaan, ûntdwaan (“to undo; rid”), Dutch ontdoen (“to undo”).
senses_examples:
text:
Fortunately, we can undo most of the damage to the system by the war.
type:
example
text:
But Wigan undid their good work by conceding an avoidable second goal deep into first-half injury time.
ref:
2011 October 15, Michael Da Silva, “Wigan 1 - 3 Bolton”, in BBC Sport
type:
quotation
text:
And judging by how well the progressive and youth-favoured party did, many observers suspect this latest round of legal charges are a response to Future Forward's commitment to undo the legacy of military rule and undertake democratic reforms.
ref:
2019 April 6, Caleb Quinley, “Thailand: Anti-military party leader faces sedition charges”, in Al Jazeera, Doha: Al Jazeera, retrieved 2019-04-06
type:
quotation
text:
Could you undo my buckle for me?
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To reverse the effects of an action.
To unfasten.
To impoverish or ruin, as in reputation; to cause the downfall of.
senses_topics:
|
7419 | word:
undo
word_type:
noun
expansion:
undo (plural undos)
forms:
form:
undos
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English undōn, from Old English ondōn, from Proto-West Germanic *andadōn (“to undo”), equivalent to un- + do. Cognate with West Frisian ûndwaan, ûntdwaan (“to undo; rid”), Dutch ontdoen (“to undo”).
senses_examples:
text:
How many undos does this program support?
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
An operation that reverses a previous action.
senses_topics:
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences |
7420 | word:
undo
word_type:
adj
expansion:
undo
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Misspelling of undue.
senses_topics:
|
7421 | word:
spoke
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spoke (plural spokes)
forms:
form:
spokes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spoke, from Old English spāca, from Proto-West Germanic *spaikā, from Proto-Germanic *spaikǭ. Compare Scots spaik (“spoke”) and English spike.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A support structure that connects the axle or the hub of a wheel to the rim.
A projecting handle of a steering wheel.
A rung of a ladder.
A stick inserted into the wheel of a vehicle to keep the wheel from turning.
One of the outlying points in a hub-and-spoke model of transportation.
senses_topics:
nautical
transport
|
7422 | word:
spoke
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spoke (third-person singular simple present spokes, present participle spoking, simple past and past participle spoked)
forms:
form:
spokes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spoking
tags:
participle
present
form:
spoked
tags:
participle
past
form:
spoked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English spoke, from Old English spāca, from Proto-West Germanic *spaikā, from Proto-Germanic *spaikǭ. Compare Scots spaik (“spoke”) and English spike.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To furnish (a wheel) with spokes.
senses_topics:
|
7423 | word:
spoke
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spoke
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
Thoſe who have ſpoke in its Favour have allowed, that it is defective, with regard to the preſent Circumſtances of Europe,[…]
ref:
1741, The London Magazine, and Monthly Chronologer, volume 10, C. Ackers, page 435
type:
quotation
text:
I should have spoke to him there and then, seen he was in the mood to do something stupid.
ref:
2014 May 1, John Barker, Futures: A Novel, PM Press, page 131
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past of speak
past participle of speak
senses_topics:
|
7424 | word:
chalk
word_type:
noun
expansion:
chalk (countable and uncountable, plural chalks)
forms:
form:
chalks
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English chalk, chalke, from Old English ċealc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone”), again borrowed from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”). Doublet of calx and cauk.
senses_examples:
text:
chalk cliffs are not recommended for climbing
type:
example
text:
the chalk used to write on the blackboard makes a squeaky sound
type:
example
text:
when working out your next move, it's a good idea to get some more chalk from the bag
type:
example
text:
OK, let's get rid of the chalk players right away. The chalk likes North Carolina. Dean Smith has taken Carolina to the Final Four six times.
ref:
1982 March 22, Phil Musick, “And the pick here is - Georgetown over Houston”, in Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, page 13
type:
quotation
text:
Excuse us for sticking with the chalk, but the predicted winners are Afternoon Deelites in the Derby, Oliver McCall over Larry Holmes, Nick Faldo in the Masters, and Al Unser Jr. in the Grand Prix.
ref:
1995 April 6, “Notes on a Scorecard”, in Los Angeles Times, page C3
type:
quotation
text:
Instead, he played the chalk and selected the No. 1 overall seed in the tournament.
ref:
2008 March 24, Jason Bauman, “Non-news of the week: Obama picks North Carolina”, in Beacon-News, Aurora, Illinois
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A soft, white, powdery limestone (calcium carbonate, CaCO₃).
A piece of chalk, or nowadays processed compressed gypsum (calcium sulfate, CaSO₄), that is used for drawing and for writing on a blackboard (chalkboard).
Tailor's chalk.
A white powdery substance used to prevent hands slipping from holds when climbing, or losing grip in weight-lifting or gymnastics, sometimes but not always limestone-chalk, often magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃).
A platoon-sized group of airborne soldiers.
The favorite in a sporting event.
The prediction that there will be no upsets, and the favored competitor will win.
senses_topics:
climbing
gymnastics
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
government
military
politics
war
ball-games
basketball
games
hobbies
horse-racing
horseracing
horses
lifestyle
pets
racing
sports
ball-games
basketball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports |
7425 | word:
chalk
word_type:
verb
expansion:
chalk (third-person singular simple present chalks, present participle chalking, simple past and past participle chalked)
forms:
form:
chalks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
chalking
tags:
participle
present
form:
chalked
tags:
participle
past
form:
chalked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English chalk, chalke, from Old English ċealc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, borrowed from Latin calx (“limestone”), again borrowed from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, “pebble”). Doublet of calx and cauk.
senses_examples:
text:
chalk your hands before climbing
type:
example
text:
After a leg stretch, we set off again at 11:30 hours in charge of U.S.A. No. 1736 (Miss Ohio had been chalked on her), a 2-8-0 utility engine.
ref:
1944 January and February, Major J. C. F. Lloyd Williamson, “Ambulance Trains in Algeria and Tunisia”, in Railway Magazine, page 6
type:
quotation
text:
I then chalked the land at an expense of 4l. per acre, and planted potatoes, about ten bushels to the acre […]
ref:
1821, Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), Transactions, volume 39, page 11
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To apply chalk to anything, such as the tip of a billiard cue.
To record something, as on a blackboard, using chalk.
To use powdered chalk to mark the lines on a playing field.
To record a score or event, as if on a chalkboard.
To manure (land) with chalk.
To make white, as if with chalk; to make pale; to bleach.
senses_topics:
|
7426 | word:
report
word_type:
verb
expansion:
report (third-person singular simple present reports, present participle reporting, simple past and past participle reported)
forms:
form:
reports
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
reporting
tags:
participle
present
form:
reported
tags:
participle
past
form:
reported
tags:
past
form:
no-table-tags
source:
conjugation
tags:
table-tags
form:
en-conj
source:
conjugation
tags:
inflection-template
form:
report
tags:
infinitive
source:
conjugation
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English reporten, from Anglo-Norman reporter, Middle French reporter, and their source, Latin reportāre (“to carry back, return, remit, refer”), from re- + portāre.
senses_examples:
text:
Many of these classic methods are still used, with some modern improvements. For example, with the aid of special microphones and automated sound detection software, ornithologists recently reported[…]that pine siskins (Spinus pinus) undergo an irregular, nomadic type of nocturnal migration.
ref:
2013 January 1, Paul Bartel, Ashli Moore, “Avian Migration: The Ultimate Red-Eye Flight”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, pages 47–48
type:
quotation
text:
For insurance reasons, I had to report the theft to the local police station.
type:
example
text:
If you do that again I'll report you to the boss.
type:
example
text:
Andrew Marr reports now on more in-fighting at Westminster.
type:
example
text:
Every newspaper reported the war.
type:
example
text:
In January, the country’s weather agency sent aircraft to release chemicals into clouds over the Yellow Sea, South Korea’s Yonhap news agency reported.
Audio (US): (file)
ref:
2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)
text:
The financial director reports to the CEO.
type:
example
text:
Now that I've been promoted, I report to Benjamin, whom I loathe.
type:
example
text:
The committee reported the bill with amendments, or reported a new bill, or reported the results of an inquiry.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To relate details of (an event or incident); to recount, describe (something).
To repeat (something one has heard), to retell; to pass on, convey (a message, information etc.).
To take oneself (to someone or something) for guidance or support; to appeal.
To notify someone of (particular intelligence, suspicions, illegality, misconduct etc.); to make notification to relevant authorities; to submit a formal report of.
To make a formal statement, especially of complaint, about (someone).
To show up or appear at an appointed time; to present oneself.
To write news reports (for); to cover as a journalist or reporter.
To be accountable to or subordinate to (someone) in a hierarchy; to receive orders from (someone); to give official updates to (someone who is above oneself in a hierarchy).
To return or present as the result of an examination or consideration of any matter officially referred.
To take minutes of (a speech, the doings of a public body, etc.); to write down from the lips of a speaker.
To refer.
To return or repeat, as sound; to echo.
senses_topics:
government
politics
|
7427 | word:
report
word_type:
noun
expansion:
report (plural reports)
forms:
form:
reports
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English reporten, from Anglo-Norman reporter, Middle French reporter, and their source, Latin reportāre (“to carry back, return, remit, refer”), from re- + portāre.
senses_examples:
text:
A report by the telecommunications ministry on the phone network revealed a severe capacity problem.
type:
example
text:
Hospitals are failing to care properly for the growing number of people with dementia, according to an NHS-funded report, which has prompted demands for big improvements to help patients.
ref:
2011 December 16, Denis Campbell, “Hospital staff 'lack skills to cope with dementia patients'”, in Guardian
type:
quotation
text:
Certain it is that if he had been daft before, he now ran wild in his pranks, and an evil report of him was in every mouth.
ref:
1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide
type:
quotation
text:
He knelt upon one knee, cocked the weapon, placed the muzzle against the man's forehead, and turning away his eyes pulled the trigger. There was no report. He had used his last cartridge for the horse.
ref:
1889, Ambrose Bierce, The Coup de Grâce
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A piece of information describing, or an account of certain events given or presented to someone, with the most common adpositions being by (referring to creator of the report) and on (referring to the subject).
Reputation.
The sharp, loud sound from a gun or explosion.
An employee whose position in a corporate hierarchy is below that of a particular manager.
senses_topics:
engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
|
7428 | word:
poetess
word_type:
noun
expansion:
poetess (plural poetesses)
forms:
form:
poetesses
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From poet + -ess. Compare Middle English poetresse (“poetess”).
senses_examples:
text:
The ancient poetess singeth, that Hesperus all things bringeth, / Smoothing the wearied mind: bring me my love, Rosalind.
ref:
1830, Alfred Tennyson, “Leonine Elegiacs”, in Juvenilia
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A female poet.
senses_topics:
|
7429 | word:
golden eagle
word_type:
noun
expansion:
golden eagle (plural golden eagles)
forms:
form:
golden eagles
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From golden + eagle. Likely a calque of Ancient Greek χρῡσᾱ́ετος m (khrūsā́etos, “golden eagle”, a compound of Ancient Greek χρῡσός (khrūsós, “gold”) + Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ετός (āetós, “eagle”)).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A large bird of prey, Aquila chrysaetos, that hunts while soaring.
senses_topics:
|
7430 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English rake [and other forms], from Old English raca, racu, ræce (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Germanic *rakō, *rekô (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”).
cognates
The English word is cognate with Danish rage (chiefly regional), Middle Dutch rāke, rēke (modern Dutch raak, reek (both regional), riek (“pitchfork, rake”)), Middle Low German rāke, racke (modern German Low German Raak (“rake; poker”)), Old High German rehho, rech (Middle High German reche, modern German Rechen (“rake”)), Old Norse reka (“shovel”) (modern Icelandic reka (“shovel”)), Old Saxon recho, Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“rake; (long) straight section of a road”)).
senses_examples:
text:
I've been dealing primarily with rake and spaceship interactions for ease of experimentation (a rake will invariably escape before being eaten by even its most hellish progeny, and a spaceship is easy to redraw on the spot).
ref:
1991 January 10, Paul Callahan, “Questions and comments about Conway's Life (long)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
That would mean building rake guns or glider gun arrays to construct moving walls.
ref:
2003 August 19, Ilmari Karonen, “Inquiries about Conway's game of life”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
The switch engine is unstable but a number of them working in combination can form stable puffers, spaceships and rakes.
ref:
2015, Paul Rendell, Turing Machine Universality of the Game of Life, page 133
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A garden tool with a row of pointed teeth fixed to a long handle, used for collecting debris, grass, etc., for flattening the ground, or for loosening soil; also, a similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by a horse or a tractor.
A similarly shaped tool used for other purposes.
A tool with a straight edge at the end used by a croupier to move chips or money across a gaming table.
A similarly shaped tool used for other purposes.
A type of lockpick that has a ridged or notched blade that moves across the pins in a pin tumbler lock, causing them to settle into a shear line.
A type of puffer train that leaves behind a stream of spaceships as it moves.
senses_topics:
agriculture
business
horticulture
lifestyle
gambling
games
cellular-automata
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences |
7431 | word:
rake
word_type:
verb
expansion:
rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
raking
tags:
participle
present
form:
raked
tags:
participle
past
form:
raked
tags:
past
form:
no-table-tags
source:
conjugation
tags:
table-tags
form:
en-conj
source:
conjugation
tags:
inflection-template
form:
rake
tags:
infinitive
source:
conjugation
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The verb is partly derived from rake (“tool with a row of pointed teeth”) (see etymology 1) and from Middle English raken (“to rake; to gather by raking; to rake away (debris); to cover with something; (figurative) to conceal, hide; to destroy”) [and other forms], from Old Norse raka (“to scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *raką, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”).
cognates
The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (modern Dutch raken (“to rake”) (regional)), Middle Low German rāken, Old Danish raghæ, rakæ (modern Danish rage (“to shave”)), Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“to rake; to shave”)).
The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
text:
The casino is just raking in the cash; it’s like a licence to print money.
type:
example
text:
The cat’s sharp claws raked the side of my face.
type:
example
text:
Jack's gaze raked the room, searching for some indication that something was wrong, that someone was going to suddenly spring forward and grab her.
ref:
2003 March, Karyn Monk, The Wedding Escape, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, page 96
type:
quotation
text:
The enemy machine guns raked the roadway.
type:
example
text:
Armor-piercing shells were heading up the shell hoists, but this procedure took a few minutes, allowing the battered American flagship to reply in kind, the gunners somewhat motivated to set new records for the rate of fire as the cruiser raked the larger ship from stem to stern in response.
ref:
2021 March 10, Drachinifel, 17:51 from the start, in Guadalcanal Campaign - The Big Night Battle: Night 1 (IJN 3(?) : 2 USN), archived from the original on 2022-10-17
type:
quotation
text:
She is raking the gravel path to keep it even.
type:
example
text:
We raked all the leaves into a pile.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
Often followed by in: to gather (things which are apart) together, especially quickly.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
Often followed by an adverb or preposition such as away, off, out, etc.: to drag or pull in a certain direction.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
To claw at; to scrape, to scratch; followed by away: to erase, to obliterate.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
Followed by up: to bring up or uncover (something), as embarrassing information, past misdeeds, etc.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
To search through (thoroughly).
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
To move (a beam of light, a glance with the eyes, etc.) across (something) with a long side-to-side motion; specifically (often military) to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion; to spray with gunfire.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
To move (a beam of light, a glance with the eyes, etc.) across (something) with a long side-to-side motion; specifically (often military) to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion; to spray with gunfire.
To fire upon an enemy vessel from a position in line with its bow or stern, causing one's fire to travel through the length of the enemy vessel for maximum damage.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
To cover (something) by or as if by raking things over it.
To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake.
senses_topics:
government
military
nautical
politics
transport
war
|
7432 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The verb is partly derived from rake (“tool with a row of pointed teeth”) (see etymology 1) and from Middle English raken (“to rake; to gather by raking; to rake away (debris); to cover with something; (figurative) to conceal, hide; to destroy”) [and other forms], from Old Norse raka (“to scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *raką, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”).
cognates
The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (modern Dutch raken (“to rake”) (regional)), Middle Low German rāken, Old Danish raghæ, rakæ (modern Danish rage (“to shave”)), Old Swedish raka (modern Swedish raka (“to rake; to shave”)).
The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
text:
Jim has had a rake of trouble with his new car.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The act of raking.
Something that is raked.
A share of profits, takings, etc., especially if obtained illegally; specifically (gambling) the scaled commission fee taken by a cardroom operating a poker game.
Something that is raked.
A lot, plenty.
senses_topics:
|
7433 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English rake, rakke (“pass, path, track; type of fencing thrust; pasture land (?)”), and then partly:
* probably from Old English racu (“bed of a stream; path; account, narrative; explanation; argument, reasoning; reason”) (compare Old English hrace, hraca, hracu (“gorge”)), from Proto-Germanic *rakō (“path, track; course, direction; an unfolding, unwinding; account, narrative; argument, reasoning”) [and other forms], from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”); and
* from Old Norse rák (“strip; stripe; furrow; small mountain ravine”), further etymology uncertain but probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rakō, as above.
cognates
The English word is cognate with Icelandic rák (“streak, stripe; notch in a rock; vein in stone or wood”), Norwegian råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail”), Norwegian Nynorsk råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail; furrow; stripe”), Swedish råk (“crack or channel in ice; river valley”); and probably cognate with Old Danish rag (modern Danish rag (“stiff; taut”) (regional)), Old Norse rakr (“straight”), Swedish rak (“straight”).
senses_examples:
text:
The train was formed of a locomotive and a rake of six coaches.
type:
example
text:
On February 21 Class "O4/1" 2-8-0 No. 63635 passed through Manchester (Victoria) heading in the Rochdale direction with a rake of empty wagons.
ref:
1959 April, “Motive Power Miscellany: London Midland Region”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →OCLC, page 222
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A course, a path, especially a narrow and steep path or route up a hillside.
A fissure or mineral vein of ore traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so.
A series, a succession; specifically (rail transport) a set of coupled rail vehicles, normally coaches or wagons.
Alternative spelling of raik (“a course, a way; pastureland over which animals graze; a journey to transport something between two places; a run; also, the quantity of items so transported”)
senses_topics:
climbing
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
business
mining
|
7434 | word:
rake
word_type:
verb
expansion:
rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
raking
tags:
participle
present
form:
raked
tags:
participle
past
form:
raked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English rake, rakke (“pass, path, track; type of fencing thrust; pasture land (?)”), and then partly:
* probably from Old English racu (“bed of a stream; path; account, narrative; explanation; argument, reasoning; reason”) (compare Old English hrace, hraca, hracu (“gorge”)), from Proto-Germanic *rakō (“path, track; course, direction; an unfolding, unwinding; account, narrative; argument, reasoning”) [and other forms], from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”); and
* from Old Norse rák (“strip; stripe; furrow; small mountain ravine”), further etymology uncertain but probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rakō, as above.
cognates
The English word is cognate with Icelandic rák (“streak, stripe; notch in a rock; vein in stone or wood”), Norwegian råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail”), Norwegian Nynorsk råk (“channel (in ice); cow path; trail; furrow; stripe”), Swedish råk (“crack or channel in ice; river valley”); and probably cognate with Old Danish rag (modern Danish rag (“stiff; taut”) (regional)), Old Norse rakr (“straight”), Swedish rak (“straight”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Alternative spelling of raik (“(intransitive, Midlands, Northern England, Scotland) to walk; to roam, to wander; of animals (especially sheep): to graze; (transitive, chiefly Scotland) to roam or wander through (somewhere)”)
senses_topics:
|
7435 | word:
rake
word_type:
verb
expansion:
rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
raking
tags:
participle
present
form:
raked
tags:
participle
past
form:
raked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The verb is derived from Middle English raken (“to go, proceed; to move quickly, hasten, rush; to roam, wander”) [and other forms], from Old English racian (“to go forward, move, run; to hasten; to take a course or direction; to control, direct, govern, rule”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakōn (“to take a course or direction; to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to direct oneself”).
cognates
The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), Old High German rahhōn (“to narrate, speak”), and probably Swedish raka (“to rush off”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To move swiftly; to proceed rapidly.
Of a bird of prey: to fly after a quarry; also, to fly away from the falconer, to go wide of the quarry being pursued.
senses_topics:
falconry
hobbies
hunting
lifestyle |
7436 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The verb is derived from Middle English raken (“to go, proceed; to move quickly, hasten, rush; to roam, wander”) [and other forms], from Old English racian (“to go forward, move, run; to hasten; to take a course or direction; to control, direct, govern, rule”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakōn (“to take a course or direction; to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to direct oneself”).
cognates
The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), Old High German rahhōn (“to narrate, speak”), and probably Swedish raka (“to rush off”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Rate of progress; pace, speed.
senses_topics:
|
7437 | word:
rake
word_type:
verb
expansion:
rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
raking
tags:
participle
present
form:
raked
tags:
participle
past
form:
raked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The origin of the verb is uncertain. The noun is probably derived from the verb.
possibly related terms
* German ragen (“to rise up out of; to jut or stick out”), from Middle High German ragen (compare Middle Dutch rāgen, Middle Low German rāgen), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erǵʰ- (“to go up, rise”); and
* Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), from Proto-Germanic *rakōną (“to take a course or direction; to run”) (see further at etymology 4).
senses_examples:
text:
A mast rakes aft.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To incline (something) from a perpendicular direction.
Senses relating to watercraft.
To provide (the bow or stern of a watercraft) with a rake (“a slant that causes it to extend beyond the keel”).
Senses relating to watercraft.
Of a watercraft: to have a rake at its bow or stern.
senses_topics:
nautical
transport
nautical
transport |
7438 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
The origin of the verb is uncertain. The noun is probably derived from the verb.
possibly related terms
* German ragen (“to rise up out of; to jut or stick out”), from Middle High German ragen (compare Middle Dutch rāgen, Middle Low German rāgen), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erǵʰ- (“to go up, rise”); and
* Middle Dutch rāken (“to acquire; to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”) (modern Dutch raken (“to hit (not miss); to touch; to become”)), Middle Low German rāken, rōken (“to hit (not miss); to reach; to touch”), from Proto-Germanic *rakōną (“to take a course or direction; to run”) (see further at etymology 4).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular; a slant, a slope.
In full, angle of rake or rake angle: the angle between the edge or face of a tool (especially a cutting tool) and a plane (usually one perpendicular to the object that the tool is being applied to).
The direction of slip during the movement of a fault, measured within the fault plane.
Senses relating to watercraft.
A slant that causes the bow or stern of a watercraft to extend beyond the keel; also, the upper part of the bow or stern that extends beyond the keel.
Senses relating to watercraft.
A slant of some other part of a watercraft (such as a funnel or mast) away from the perpendicular, usually towards the stern.
The sloped edge of a roof at or adjacent to the first or last rafter.
senses_topics:
geography
geology
natural-sciences
nautical
transport
nautical
transport
business
construction
manufacturing
roofing |
7439 | word:
rake
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rake (plural rakes)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
William Hogarth
etymology_text:
The noun is a clipping of rakehell (“(archaic) lewd or wanton person, debauchee, rake”), from to rake (out) hell (“to search through hell thoroughly”), in the sense of a person so evil or immoral that they cannot be found in hell even after an extensive search: see rake (“to search through (thoroughly)”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
senses_examples:
text:
He was a big old rake, full of marks and scars, and he had only an ear and a half.
ref:
1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 77
type:
quotation
text:
I have no choice but to take up the foil once again and vanquish this rake.
ref:
2009, The Onion, 2:27 from the start, in Bad Boy Fencing Star Implicated In Yet Another Jewel Heist, spoken by Reggie Greengrass (Beau Baxtor)
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A person (usually a man) who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct.
senses_topics:
|
7440 | word:
rake
word_type:
verb
expansion:
rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked)
forms:
form:
rakes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
raking
tags:
participle
present
form:
raked
tags:
participle
past
form:
raked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
William Hogarth
etymology_text:
The noun is a clipping of rakehell (“(archaic) lewd or wanton person, debauchee, rake”), from to rake (out) hell (“to search through hell thoroughly”), in the sense of a person so evil or immoral that they cannot be found in hell even after an extensive search: see rake (“to search through (thoroughly)”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
senses_examples:
text:
When women hid their necks , and veil'd their faces ,
Nor romp'd , nor raked , nor stared at public places
ref:
1758, William Shenstone, Epilogue to Cleone
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To behave as a rake; to lead a hedonistic and immoral life.
senses_topics:
|
7441 | word:
tongue
word_type:
noun
expansion:
tongue (countable and uncountable, plural tongues)
forms:
form:
tongues
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English tonge, tunge, tung, from Old English tunge, from Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ (“tongue”) (compare West Frisian tonge, Dutch tong, Luxembourgish Zong, German Zunge, Yiddish צונג (tsung), Danish tunge, Norwegian Bokmål tunge, Swedish tunga, Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō)), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. Cognate with Old Irish tengae, Latin lingua, Tocharian A käntu, Tocharian B kantwo, Lithuanian liežùvis, Russian язык (jazyk), Polish język, Old Armenian լեզու (lezu), Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬰𐬎𐬎𐬁 (hizuuā), Zazaki Zon, Ashkun žū, Kamkata-viri dić, Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā́). Doublet of language and lingua.
senses_examples:
text:
But lering and lurking here and there like ſpies,
ref:
c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.
roman:
The devil tere their tunges and pike out their ies!
text:
cold tongue with mustard
type:
example
text:
However you eat them, tongue and chicken and new bread are very good things, and no one minds being sprinkled a little with soda-water on a really fine hot day.
ref:
1902, E. Nesbit, chapter 4, in Five Children and It, New York: Dodd, Mead, published 1905, page 136
type:
quotation
text:
(colloquial)
text:
He was speaking in his native tongue.
type:
example
text:
If you do not speak English I am at your disposal with 187 other languages along with their various dialects and sub-tongues.
ref:
1956, Cyril Hume, Forbidden Planet, spoken by Robby the Robot
type:
quotation
text:
My grandfather, accustomed to the multifarious conjugations of ancient Greek verbs, had found English, for all its incoherence, a relatively simple tongue to master.
ref:
2002, Jeffrey Eugenides, Middlesex, New York: Picador, Book 2, p. 99
type:
quotation
text:
Al maters wel pondred and wel to be regarded,
How ſhuld a fals lying tung then be rewarded?
ref:
c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.
text:
[...] his wicked way of Living, his prophane Tongue, and his Contempt of Religion, had made him not very well receiv’d [...]
ref:
1715, Daniel Defoe, The Family Instructor, London: Eman. Matthews, Volume 1, Part 2, Dialogue 2, p. 211
type:
quotation
text:
I’m afraid I’ve inherited my uncle’s tongue and my mother’s want of tact.
ref:
1935, Dorothy L. Sayers, chapter 8, in Gaudy Night, London: New English Library, published 1970, page 205
type:
quotation
text:
Samuel had no equal for soothing hysteria and bringing quiet to a frightened child. It was the sweetness of his tongue and the tenderness of his soul.
ref:
1952, John Steinbeck, East of Eden, London: Heinemann, Part 1, Chapter 2, p. 8
type:
quotation
text:
[...] Frank Marcus’ Sister George, technically a quite ordinary comedy in the old style [...] was remarkable [...] for the frank tongue of its Lesbians [...]
ref:
1972, Hortense Calisher, Herself, New York: Arbor House, Part 4, p. 369
type:
quotation
text:
I know that we must keep apart for a long while; cruel tongues would force us apart, if nothing else did.
ref:
1860, George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss, Book 7, Chapter 3
type:
quotation
text:
2007, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, Wizard of the Crow, New York: Knopf Doubleday, Book 4, p. 592,
… the drunk, who had been a permanent fixture in that bar, changed location and thereafter moved from bar to bar, saying to inquisitive tongues, Too long a stay in one seat tires the buttocks.
text:
Parrots imitating Human Tongue
ref:
1717, “The Story of Pygmalion and the Statue”, in John Dryden, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphoses in fifteen books, London: Jacob Tonson, page 344
type:
quotation
text:
I caught a glimpse of a brown boot, the tongue flapping, the sole tied on with string.
ref:
1990, J. M. Coetzee, chapter 3, in Age of Iron, New York: Random House, page 96
type:
quotation
text:
[...] her low-heeled shoes had flat fringed tongues to them—the kind of shoes you expected to see on a golf-course, or a Scottish highland, somewhere expensively hearty like that.
ref:
2006, Sarah Waters, chapter 2, in The Night Watch, London: Virago, page 53
type:
quotation
text:
the tongue of a buckle, or of a balance
type:
example
text:
On one side was a coral reef; on the other a low tongue of land, covered with mangrove thickets that grew out into the water.
ref:
1851, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick, Chapter 12
type:
quotation
text:
Far to the right, where the main pile sloped out, his cart reared tongue upward, like a plow.
ref:
1986, Hortense Calisher, The Bobby-Soxer, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, page 91
type:
quotation
text:
[...] the bell clanged so loud that he could hear the iron tongue clapping against the metal sides each time it swung to and fro [...]
ref:
1940, Richard Wright, Native Son, London: Jonathan Cape, Book 2, p. 156
type:
quotation
text:
Then up a steep and dark and narrow stair
We wound, until the torches’ fiery tongue
Amid the gushing day beamless and pallid hung.
ref:
1818, Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Revolt of Islam, London: C. and J. Ollier, Canto 3, stanza 13, p. 63
type:
quotation
text:
Now, in this decadent age the art of fire-making had been altogether forgotten on the earth. The red tongues that went licking up my heap of wood were an altogether new and strange thing to Weena.
ref:
1895, H. G. Wells, chapter XI, in The Time Machine
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The flexible muscular organ in the mouth that is used to move food around, for tasting and that is moved into various positions to modify the flow of air from the lungs in order to produce different sounds in speech.
This organ, as taken from animals used for food (especially cows).
Any similar organ, such as the lingual ribbon, or odontophore, of a mollusk; the proboscis of a moth or butterfly; or the lingua of an insect.
A language.
Speakers of a language, collectively.
Voice (the distinctive sound of a person's speech); accent (distinctive manner of pronouncing a language).
Manner of speaking, often habitually.
A person speaking in a specified manner.
The power of articulate utterance; speech generally.
Discourse; fluency of speech or expression.
Discourse; fluency of speech or expression.
Honourable discourse; eulogy.
Glossolalia.
In a shoe, the flap of material that goes between the laces and the foot (so called because it resembles a tongue in the mouth).
Any large or long physical protrusion on an automotive or machine part or any other part that fits into a long groove on another part.
A projection, or slender appendage or fixture.
A long, narrow strip of land, projecting from the mainland into a sea or lake.
The pole of a towed or drawn vehicle or farm implement (e.g., trailer, cart, plow, harrow), by which it is pulled; for example, the pole of an ox cart, to the end of which the oxen are yoked.
The clapper of a bell.
An individual point of flame from a fire.
A small sole (type of fish).
A short piece of rope spliced into the upper part of standing backstays, etc.; also, the upper main piece of a mast composed of several pieces.
A reed.
A division of formation; A layer or member of a formation that pinches out in one direction.
senses_topics:
lifestyle
religion
nautical
transport
entertainment
lifestyle
music
geography
geology
natural-sciences |
7442 | word:
tongue
word_type:
verb
expansion:
tongue (third-person singular simple present tongues, present participle tonguing, simple past and past participle tongued)
forms:
form:
tongues
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
tonguing
tags:
participle
present
form:
tongued
tags:
participle
past
form:
tongued
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English tonge, tunge, tung, from Old English tunge, from Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ (“tongue”) (compare West Frisian tonge, Dutch tong, Luxembourgish Zong, German Zunge, Yiddish צונג (tsung), Danish tunge, Norwegian Bokmål tunge, Swedish tunga, Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐍉 (tuggō)), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. Cognate with Old Irish tengae, Latin lingua, Tocharian A käntu, Tocharian B kantwo, Lithuanian liežùvis, Russian язык (jazyk), Polish język, Old Armenian լեզու (lezu), Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬰𐬎𐬎𐬁 (hizuuā), Zazaki Zon, Ashkun žū, Kamkata-viri dić, Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā́). Doublet of language and lingua.
senses_examples:
text:
Playing wind instruments involves tonguing on the reed or mouthpiece.
type:
example
text:
a soil horizon that tongues into clay
type:
example
text:
to tongue boards together
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
On a wind instrument, to articulate a note by starting the air with a tap of the tongue, as though by speaking a 'd' or 't' sound (alveolar plosive).
To manipulate with the tongue, as in kissing or oral sex; to perform cunnilingus or anilingus on.
To protrude in relatively long, narrow sections.
To join by means of a tongue and groove.
To talk; to prate.
To speak; to utter.
To chide; to scold.
senses_topics:
entertainment
lifestyle
music
|
7443 | word:
hide
word_type:
verb
expansion:
hide (third-person singular simple present hides, present participle hiding, simple past hid, past participle hidden or (archaic) hid)
forms:
form:
hides
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
hiding
tags:
participle
present
form:
hid
tags:
past
form:
hidden
tags:
participle
past
form:
hid
tags:
archaic
participle
past
wikipedia:
King James Version
etymology_text:
From Middle English hiden, huden, from Old English hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”), from Proto-West Germanic *hūdijan (“to conceal”), from Proto-Germanic *hūdijaną (“to conceal”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover”).
The verb was originally weak. In the King James Version of the Bible (1611), both hid and hidden are used for the past participle.
Cognates
Cognate with Dutch huiden, Low German (ver)hüden, (ver)hüen (“to hide, cover, conceal”), Welsh cuddio (“to hide”), Latin custōs, Ancient Greek κεύθω (keúthō, “to conceal”), Sanskrit कुहरम् (kuharam, “cave”). Related to hut and sky.
senses_examples:
text:
1856, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part III Chapter XI, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
The blind man, whom he had not been able to cure with the pomade, had gone back to the hill of Bois-Guillaume, where he told the travellers of the vain attempt of the druggist, to such an extent, that Homais when he went to town hid himself behind the curtains of the "Hirondelle" to avoid meeting him.
text:
Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
ref:
2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18
type:
quotation
text:
He hides his magazines under the bed.
type:
example
text:
The politicians were accused of keeping information hidden from the public.
type:
example
text:
Nonetheless, some insect prey take advantage of clutter by hiding in it. Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.
ref:
2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To put (something) in a place where it will be harder to discover or out of sight.
To put oneself in a place where one will be harder to find or out of sight.
senses_topics:
|
7444 | word:
hide
word_type:
noun
expansion:
hide (plural hides)
forms:
form:
hides
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English hyde, from Old English hȳd, from Proto-West Germanic *hūdi, from Proto-Germanic *hūdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéw(H)tis (“skin, hide”) (compare Latin cutis (“skin, rind, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew(H)- (“to cover”), ultimately the same root as the above etymology. More at sky.
Cognates
See also West Frisian hûd, Dutch huid, German Haut, Welsh cwd (“scrotum”), Latin cutis (“skin”), Lithuanian kutys (“purse, money-belt”), Ancient Greek κύτος (kútos, “hollow vessel”), σκῦτος (skûtos, “cover, hide”).
senses_examples:
text:
to save his own hide
type:
example
text:
better watch his hide
type:
example
text:
Coordinate term: ass (see ass § Usage notes)
text:
The rotter who simpers that he sees no difference between the power of money and the power of the whip, ought to learn the difference on his own hide—as I think he will.
ref:
1957, Ayn Rand, Francisco d'Anconia's speech in Atlas Shrugged
text:
In the early days of American settlement, hides were built into houses to provide protection from the Indians and to conceal merchandise from the threat of taxation or thievery.
ref:
1980, Robert M. Jones, editor, Walls and Ceilings, Time-Life Books, page 125
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The skin of an animal.
The human skin.
One's own life or personal safety, especially when in peril.
(mainly British) A covered structure from which hunters, birdwatchers, etc can observe animals without scaring them.
A secret room for hiding oneself or valuables; a hideaway.
A covered structure to which a pet animal can retreat, as is recommended for snakes.
senses_topics:
architecture
|
7445 | word:
hide
word_type:
verb
expansion:
hide (third-person singular simple present hides, present participle hiding, simple past and past participle hided)
forms:
form:
hides
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
hiding
tags:
participle
present
form:
hided
tags:
participle
past
form:
hided
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English hyde, from Old English hȳd, from Proto-West Germanic *hūdi, from Proto-Germanic *hūdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéw(H)tis (“skin, hide”) (compare Latin cutis (“skin, rind, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew(H)- (“to cover”), ultimately the same root as the above etymology. More at sky.
Cognates
See also West Frisian hûd, Dutch huid, German Haut, Welsh cwd (“scrotum”), Latin cutis (“skin”), Lithuanian kutys (“purse, money-belt”), Ancient Greek κύτος (kútos, “hollow vessel”), σκῦτος (skûtos, “cover, hide”).
senses_examples:
text:
He ran last week, and he was hided, and he was out on the day before yesterday, and here he is once more, and he knows he's got to run and to be hided again.
ref:
1891, Robert Weir, J. Moray Brown, Riding
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To beat with a whip made from hide.
senses_topics:
|
7446 | word:
hide
word_type:
noun
expansion:
hide (plural hides)
forms:
form:
hides
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
hide (unit)
etymology_text:
From Middle English hide, from Old English hīd, hȳd, hīġed, hīġid (“a measure of land”), for earlier *hīwid (“the amount of land needed to support one family”), a derivative of Proto-Germanic *hīwaz, *hīwō (“relative, fellow-lodger, family”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to lie with, store, be familiar”). Related to Old English hīwisc (“hide of land, household”), Old English hīwan (“members of a family, household”). More at hewe, hind.
senses_examples:
text:
The exact size of hides varied with soil quality, but each one generally encompassed 24 to 26 hectares.
ref:
2016, Peter H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, Penguin, published 2017, page 488
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A unit of land and tax assessment of varying size, originally as intended to support one household with dependents.
senses_topics:
|
7447 | word:
rock dove
word_type:
noun
expansion:
rock dove (plural rock doves)
forms:
form:
rock doves
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The dove/pigeon species Columba livia.
senses_topics:
|
7448 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat (plural bats)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
Dialectal variant (akin to dialectal Swedish natt-batta) of Middle English bakke, balke, of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse (leðr)blaka (literally “(leather) flapper”), from leðr + blaka (“to flap”).
Compare Old Swedish natbakka, Old Danish nathbakkæ (literally “night-flapper”).
senses_examples:
text:
As well as being worth millions of dollars to the Texan agriculture industry, these mammals are worth millions of dollars to the state’s tourism industry. Texas is home to the world’s largest known bat colony (in Comal County), and the world’s largest urban bat colony (in Austin). Bat watching is a common activity, with the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department offering more bat-viewing sites than anywhere else in the US.
ref:
2012, Suemedha Sood, (bbc.co.uk) Travelwise: Texas love bats [sic]
text:
"Isn't it lovely?" I smiled and thought: "Yes it is. It's also a Blackbird, you silly old bat!
ref:
2000, Bill Oddie, Gripping Yarns, page 196
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any of the flying mammals of the order Chiroptera, usually small and nocturnal, insectivorous or frugivorous.
An old woman.
senses_topics:
|
7449 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat (plural bats)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle English bat, batte, from Old English batt (“bat, club, cudgel”), probably of Celtic origin, compare Old Breton bath (“club, cudgel”) and modern Breton bazh (“swagger stick”), ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰh₂- (“to strike, beat, pierce”), similar to the Gaulish source of Latin battuo (“I beat, pound”).
senses_examples:
text:
You've been in for ages. Can I have a bat now?
type:
example
text:
He's a good fielder and a valuable bat.
type:
example
text:
bituminous shale ; which miners , if I mistake not , call bat
ref:
1799, Richard Kirwan, Geological Essays
type:
quotation
text:
On starting, The Nun led at a very slow pace for a quarter of a mile, when the Shrigley colt made running at a good bat.
ref:
1842, Sporting Magazine, page 251
type:
quotation
text:
a vast host of fowl […] making at full bat for the North Sea.
ref:
1898, unknown author, Pall Mall Magazine
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A club made of wood or aluminium used for striking the ball in sports such as baseball, softball and cricket.
A turn at hitting the ball with a bat in a game.
A player rated according to skill in batting.
The piece of wood on which the spinner places the coins and then uses for throwing them.
Shale or bituminous shale.
A sheet of cotton used for filling quilts or comfortables; batting.
A part of a brick with one whole end.
A stroke; a sharp blow.
A stroke of work.
Rate of motion; speed.
A spree; a jollification; a binge, jag.
Manner; rate; condition; state of health.
A rough walking stick.
senses_topics:
business
mining
|
7450 | word:
bat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
bat (third-person singular simple present bats, present participle batting, simple past and past participle batted)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
batting
tags:
participle
present
form:
batted
tags:
participle
past
form:
batted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
table
From Middle English baten (“to beat”), from Old French batre (“to beat”), from Late Latin battere, from Latin battuere; in modern English reinterpreted as a verbal derivative of Etymology 2. Compare batter, battery.
senses_examples:
text:
He batted the ball away with a satisfying thwack.
type:
example
text:
We batted a few ideas around.
type:
example
text:
The cat batted at the toy.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To hit with a bat or (figuratively) as if with a bat.
To take a turn at hitting a ball with a bat in sports like cricket, baseball and softball, as opposed to fielding.
To strike or swipe as though with a bat.
To bate or flutter, as a hawk.
senses_topics:
|
7451 | word:
bat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
bat (third-person singular simple present bats, present participle batting, simple past and past participle batted)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
batting
tags:
participle
present
form:
batted
tags:
participle
past
form:
batted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
table
Possibly a variant of bate.
senses_examples:
text:
to bat one’s eyelashes
type:
example
text:
I’ve spent all week batting around the country.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To flutter
To wink.
To flit quickly from place to place.
senses_topics:
|
7452 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat (plural bats)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
Borrowed from French bât, from Old French bast, from Vulgar Latin *bastum, form of *bastāre (“to carry”), from Ancient Greek βαστάζω (bastázō, “to lift, carry”). Doublet of baton and baston.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A packsaddle.
senses_topics:
|
7453 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat
forms:
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Dated form of baht (“Thai currency”).
senses_topics:
|
7454 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat (plural bats)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Clipping of batty (“buttocks or anus”).
senses_topics:
|
7455 | word:
bat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bat (plural bats)
forms:
form:
bats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bat (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
The retailer who sells a little girl a pretty pair of shoes today instead of a pair of bats, is bound to sell that girl, when she grows up, a pair of stylish $3 or $4 shoes instead of her buying a pair of $1.98 bargain bats elsewhere.
ref:
1909, Boot and Shoe Recorder, volume 55, page 25
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A child's shoe without a welt.
A boot that is badly made or in poor condition.
senses_topics:
|
7456 | word:
lesser spotted woodpecker
word_type:
noun
expansion:
lesser spotted woodpecker (plural lesser spotted woodpeckers)
forms:
form:
lesser spotted woodpeckers
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any of species Dryobates minor of woodpeckers, principally of cooler regions of Eurasia.
senses_topics:
|
7457 | word:
black woodpecker
word_type:
noun
expansion:
black woodpecker (plural black woodpeckers)
forms:
form:
black woodpeckers
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any of species Dryocopus martius of woodpeckers (family Picidae).
senses_topics:
|
7458 | word:
self
word_type:
pron
expansion:
self
forms:
wikipedia:
self
etymology_text:
From Middle English self, silf, sulf, from Old English self, seolf, sylf, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz. Cognates include Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰 (silba), German selbst and Dutch zelf.
senses_examples:
text:
This argument was put forward by the defendant self.
type:
example
text:
Now that I put on my glasses I could see that the hut was empty but for our two selves; that it must have been absolutely empty till we entered.
ref:
1898 July 18, The Leader, Melbourne, page 34, column 1
type:
quotation
text:
I made out a cheque, payable to self, which cheered me up somewhat.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Himself, herself, itself, themselves; that specific (person mentioned).
Myself.
senses_topics:
business
commerce
commercial |
7459 | word:
self
word_type:
noun
expansion:
self (plural selves or selfs)
forms:
form:
selves
tags:
plural
form:
selfs
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
self
etymology_text:
From Middle English self, silf, sulf, from Old English self, seolf, sylf, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz. Cognates include Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰 (silba), German selbst and Dutch zelf.
senses_examples:
text:
one's true self; one's better self; one's former self
type:
example
text:
Similarity profiles between helper T cell epitopes (of self or microbial antigens and allergens) and human or microbial SWISSPROT collections were produced. For each antigen, both collections yielded largely overlapping profiles, demonstrating that self-nonself discrimination does not rely on qualitative features that distinguish human from microbial peptides. [...] Epitopes (on self and nonself antigens) can cross-stimulate T cells at increasing potency as their similarity with nonself augments.
ref:
2000, G Ristori et al., “Compositional bias and mimicry toward the nonself proteome in immunodominant T cell epitopes of self and nonself antigens”, in FASEB Journal: the official journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, volume 14, number 3, →PMID, pages 431–438
type:
quotation
text:
In plants, the ability to recognize self from nonself plays an important role in fertilization, because self-fertilization will result in less diverse offspring than fertilization with pollen from another individual.
ref:
2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
One individual's personality, character, demeanor, or disposition.
The subject of one's own experience of phenomena: perception, emotions, thoughts.
An individual person as the object of the person's own reflective consciousness (plural selves).
Self-interest or personal advantage.
Identity or personality.
A seedling produced by self-pollination (plural selfs).
A flower having its colour uniform as opposed to variegated.
Any molecule, cell, or tissue of an organism's own (belonging to the self), as opposed to a foreign (nonself) molecule, cell, or tissue (for example, infective, allogenic, or xenogenic).
senses_topics:
biology
botany
natural-sciences
biology
botany
natural-sciences
immunology
medicine
sciences |
7460 | word:
self
word_type:
verb
expansion:
self (third-person singular simple present selfs, present participle selfing, simple past and past participle selfed)
forms:
form:
selfs
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
selfing
tags:
participle
present
form:
selfed
tags:
participle
past
form:
selfed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
self
etymology_text:
From Middle English self, silf, sulf, from Old English self, seolf, sylf, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz. Cognates include Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰 (silba), German selbst and Dutch zelf.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To fertilize by the same individual; to self-fertilize or self-pollinate.
To fertilize by the same strain; to inbreed.
senses_topics:
biology
botany
natural-sciences
biology
botany
natural-sciences |
7461 | word:
self
word_type:
adj
expansion:
self
forms:
wikipedia:
self
etymology_text:
From Middle English self, silf, sulf, from Old English self, seolf, sylf, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz. Cognates include Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰 (silba), German selbst and Dutch zelf.
senses_examples:
text:
a self bow: one made from a single piece of wood
type:
example
text:
a self flower or plant: one which is wholly of one colour
type:
example
text:
Similarity profiles between helper T cell epitopes (of self or microbial antigens and allergens) and human or microbial SWISSPROT collections were produced. For each antigen, both collections yielded largely overlapping profiles, demonstrating that self-nonself discrimination does not rely on qualitative features that distinguish human from microbial peptides. However, epitopes whose probability of mimicry with self or nonself prevails are, respectively, tolerated or immunodominant and coexist within the same (auto-)antigen regardless of its self/nonself nature. Epitopes (on self and nonself antigens) can cross-stimulate T cells at increasing potency as their similarity with nonself augments.
ref:
2000, G Ristori et al., “Compositional bias and mimicry toward the nonself proteome in immunodominant T cell epitopes of self and nonself antigens”, in FASEB Journal: the official journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, volume 14, number 3, →PMID, pages 431–438
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Having its own or a single nature or character throughout, as in colour, composition, etc., without addition or change; of the same kind; unmixed.
Same, identical.
Belonging to oneself; own.
Of or relating to any molecule, cell, or tissue of an organism's own (belonging to the self), as opposed to a foreign (nonself) molecule, cell, or tissue (for example, infective, allogenic, or xenogenic).
senses_topics:
immunology
medicine
sciences |
7462 | word:
brush
word_type:
noun
expansion:
brush (countable and uncountable, plural brushes)
forms:
form:
brushes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Brill Publishers
etymology_text:
From Middle English brusshe, from Old French broisse (Modern French brosse), from Vulgar Latin *brustia, from Frankish *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”), or also Vulgar Latin *bruscia, from Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“tuft, thicket, underbrush”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrusgo-.
senses_examples:
text:
She gave her hair a quick brush.
type:
example
text:
If there was a sharp point nearby, electricity would stream from it in a luminous brush, a little corposant, and one could blow out candles with the outstreaming “electric wind,” or even get this to turn a little rotor on its pivot.
ref:
2001, Oliver Sacks, Uncle Tungsten: Memories of a Chemical Boyhood
type:
quotation
text:
We broke away toward the north, the tribe howling on our track. Across the open spaces we gained, and in the brush they caught up with us, and more than once it was nip and tuck.
ref:
1906, Jack London, Before Adam, chapter 12
text:
One typical Grecian kiln engorged one thousand muleloads of juniper wood in a single burn. Fifty such kilns would devour six thousand metric tons of trees and brush annually.
ref:
2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion
type:
quotation
text:
He has had brushes with communism from time to time.
type:
example
text:
The usual visual grammar was in place – a carpet in the street, people in paddocks awaiting a brush with something glamorous, blokes with earpieces, birds in frocks of colliding colours that if sighted in nature would indicate the presence of poison.
ref:
2013 September 13, Russell Brand, “Russell Brand and the GQ awards: 'It's amazing how absurd it seems'”, in The Guardian
type:
quotation
text:
1860, Anthony Trollope, Framley Parsonage (originally published in Cornhill Magazine
Mark and Lord Lufton had been boys together, and his lordship knew that Mark in his heart would enjoy a brush across the country quite as well as he himself.
text:
Your bitmap image appears along the painted stroke. If you'd like to permanently create a custom sprite brush, it's fairly easy to adapt an existing MEL file[…].
ref:
2007, Lee Lanier, Maya Professional Tips and Techniques, page 12
type:
quotation
text:
to download brushes for Photoshop
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
An implement consisting of multiple more or less flexible bristles or other filaments attached to a handle, used for any of various purposes including cleaning, painting, and arranging hair.
The act of brushing something.
A piece of conductive material, usually carbon, serving to maintain electrical contact between the stationary and rotating parts of a machine.
A brush-like electrical discharge of sparks.
Wild vegetation, generally larger than grass but smaller than trees. See shrubland.
A short and sometimes occasional encounter or experience.
The furry tail of an animal, especially of a fox.
A tuft of hair on the mandibles.
A short contest, or trial, of speed.
An instrument, resembling a brush, used to produce a soft sound from drums or cymbals.
An on-screen tool for "painting" a particular colour or texture.
A set of defined design and parameters that produce drawn strokes of a certain texture and quality.
In 3D video games, a convex polyhedron, especially one that defines structure of the play area.
The floorperson of a poker room, usually in a casino.
Evergreen boughs, especially balsam, locally cut and baled for export, usually for use in making wreaths.
senses_topics:
biology
natural-sciences
zoology
entertainment
lifestyle
music
computer-graphics
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
computer-graphics
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
video-games
card-games
poker
|
7463 | word:
brush
word_type:
verb
expansion:
brush (third-person singular simple present brushes, present participle brushing, simple past and past participle brushed)
forms:
form:
brushes
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
brushing
tags:
participle
present
form:
brushed
tags:
participle
past
form:
brushed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
Brill Publishers
etymology_text:
From Middle English brusshe, from Old French broisse (Modern French brosse), from Vulgar Latin *brustia, from Frankish *bursti, from Proto-Germanic *burstiz (“bristle”), or also Vulgar Latin *bruscia, from Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“tuft, thicket, underbrush”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrusgo-.
senses_examples:
text:
Brush your teeth.
type:
example
text:
Brush your hair.
type:
example
text:
I am brushing the paint onto the walls.
type:
example
text:
She brushed the flour off my clothes.
type:
example
text:
Her scarf brushed his skin.
type:
example
text:
Maybe you will find a love that you discover accidentally, who falls against you gently as a pickpocket brushes your thigh.
ref:
1990 October 28, Paul Simon, “Further to Fly”, in The Rhythm of the Saints, Warner Bros.
type:
quotation
text:
Of course, Halloween does not have to be completely treatless. Plain chocolate candy is okay, provided you remember to brush afterwards.
ref:
2000, USA Today, volume 129, numbers 2662-2673, page 92
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To clean with a brush.
To untangle or arrange with a brush.
To apply with a brush.
To remove with a sweeping motion.
To touch with a sweeping motion, or lightly in passing.
To clean one's teeth by brushing them.
senses_topics:
|
7464 | word:
spat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spat
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Old English spittan, spætan.
senses_examples:
text:
There was no sink in the room so we spat out the window.
type:
example
text:
If I had known you had a spittoon in the corner I would never have spat on the floor.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past and past participle of spit
senses_topics:
|
7465 | word:
spat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spat (countable and uncountable, plural spats)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Uncertain; perhaps related to spit.
senses_examples:
text:
As spat-fall often occurs in areas away from environments suitable for oyster growing, the collection, transport and sale of oyster spat has developed into a separate industry.
ref:
2005, TVR Pillay, MN Kutty, Aquaculture: Principles and practices, page 525
type:
quotation
text:
But Orata’s oysters were, like the dormice and fish, collected in the wild, as spat.
ref:
2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 243
type:
quotation
text:
Conditions in pearl oyster hatcheries are optimized for growth and survival of spat.
ref:
2011, The Pearl Oyster, page 256
type:
quotation
text:
If the spat are allowed to remain attached to the tank bottom for more than two days, they are difficult to remove without damage to the shell.
ref:
1988, Bivalve Mollusc Culture Research in Thailand, page 28
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The spawn of shellfish, especially oysters and similar molluscs.
A juvenile shellfish which has attached to a hard surface.
senses_topics:
|
7466 | word:
spat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spat (third-person singular simple present spats, present participle spatting, simple past and past participle spatted)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spatting
tags:
participle
present
form:
spatted
tags:
participle
past
form:
spatted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Uncertain; perhaps related to spit.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To spawn. Used of shellfish as above.
senses_topics:
|
7467 | word:
spat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spat (plural spats)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Shortening of spatterdash, from spatter + dash. 1779.
senses_examples:
text:
Coordinate term: gaiter
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A covering or decorative covering worn over a shoe.
A piece of bodywork that covers the upper portions of the rear tyres of a car.
A drag-reducing aerodynamic fairing covering the upper portions of the tyres of an aeroplane equipped with non-retractable landing gear.
senses_topics:
automotive
transport
vehicles
aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences |
7468 | word:
spat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spat (plural spats)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
1804. American English, probably imitative.
senses_examples:
text:
get into a trivial spat over punctuality
type:
example
text:
have a vicious spat with the cousins
type:
example
text:
2017 January 14, “Some Thais worry that a lasting power struggle is brewing. Others see a minor spat over language, which will quickly be forgotten.”, in The Economist:
type:
quotation
text:
The downside of this cost-saving strategy was that the train service could only be covered by goodwill. Whenever there was a spat between ASLEF and management - regardless of cause - the withdrawal of this goodwill became a stick with which unions could beat management.
ref:
2022 November 16, Graham Eccles, “The Rest Day Working saga...”, in RAIL, number 970, page 32
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A brief argument, falling out, quarrel.
senses_topics:
|
7469 | word:
spat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spat (third-person singular simple present spats, present participle spatting, simple past and past participle spatted)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spatting
tags:
participle
present
form:
spatted
tags:
participle
past
form:
spatted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
1804. American English, probably imitative.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To quarrel or argue briefly.
senses_topics:
|
7470 | word:
spat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spat (plural spats)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Attested from 1823.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A light blow with something flat.
senses_topics:
|
7471 | word:
spat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
spat (third-person singular simple present spats, present participle spatting, simple past and past participle spatted)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
spatting
tags:
participle
present
form:
spatted
tags:
participle
past
form:
spatted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Attested from 1823.
senses_examples:
text:
He felt the wind of a second bullet that spatted against a boulder near Barney.
ref:
1922, B. M. Bower, chapter 3, in The Trail of the White Mule
type:
quotation
text:
"She mentioned she had spatted Kelsey on her diaper with a hairbrush," said Mildred Johnson, a co-worker.
ref:
2007 July 13, Nolan Clay, “Co-workers testify about Kelsey's mother”, in Daily Oklahoman, retrieved 2009-08-25
type:
quotation
text:
Little Isabel leaped up and down, spatting her hands.
ref:
1845, Sylvester Judd, Margaret
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To strike with a spattering sound.
To slap, as with the open hand; to clap together, as the hands.
senses_topics:
|
7472 | word:
spat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
spat (plural spats)
forms:
form:
spats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Latin spatium (“space”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
An obsolete unit of distance in astronomy (symbol S), equal to one billion kilometres.
senses_topics:
|
7473 | word:
sat
word_type:
adj
expansion:
sat (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
See sit.
senses_examples:
text:
Hold on, I’m sat on my arse while I’m writing this.
ref:
2007, Tony Bell, “eighteen”, in Life in the Bus Lane, Cambridge: Vanguard Press, page 103
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Seated; sitting (down).
senses_topics:
|
7474 | word:
sat
word_type:
verb
expansion:
sat
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
See sit.
senses_examples:
text:
I sat in the middle of the park.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past and past participle of sit
senses_topics:
|
7475 | word:
sat
word_type:
adj
expansion:
sat (comparative more sat, superlative most sat)
forms:
form:
more sat
tags:
comparative
form:
most sat
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Clippings.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Abbreviation of satisfactory.
Abbreviation of satisfied.
Abbreviation of saturated.
senses_topics:
|
7476 | word:
sat
word_type:
noun
expansion:
sat (plural sats)
forms:
form:
sats
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Clippings.
senses_examples:
text:
Also, your blood pressure and oxygen sats – that's the amount of oxygen in your blood.
ref:
2010, Virginia Allum, Patricia McGarr, Cambridge English for Nursing Pre-intermediate Student's Book with Audio CD, Cambridge University Press, page 93
type:
quotation
text:
[T]his is her third admission for breathing difficulties. The first two admissions we managed to control her and discharge her home with her mum. This time we can't get her oxygen sats up—they're actually falling.
ref:
2012, Emily Forbes, Georgie's Big Greek Wedding?, Harlequin, page 44
type:
quotation
text:
Intubation is not necessary unless his oxygen sat reading is low.
ref:
2015, Christopher J Gallagher, MD, Pure and Simple: Anesthesia Writtens Review IV Questions, Answers, Explanations 501-1000
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Abbreviation of satellite (“artificial orbital body”).
Abbreviation of satoshi (“a hundred-millionth of a bitcoin”).
Level of saturation (especially of oxygen in the blood).
senses_topics:
|
7477 | word:
tread
word_type:
verb
expansion:
tread (third-person singular simple present treads, present participle treading, simple past trod or tread or treaded, past participle trodden or trod or tread or treaded)
forms:
form:
treads
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
treading
tags:
participle
present
form:
trod
tags:
past
form:
tread
tags:
past
form:
treaded
tags:
past
form:
trodden
tags:
participle
past
form:
trod
tags:
participle
past
form:
tread
tags:
participle
past
form:
treaded
tags:
participle
past
wikipedia:
Grape treading
etymology_text:
From Middle English treden, from Old English tredan, from Proto-West Germanic *tredan, from Proto-Germanic *trudaną.
senses_examples:
text:
He trod back and forth wearily.
type:
example
text:
Don't tread on the lawn.
type:
example
text:
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
ref:
1711, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism, part III
type:
quotation
text:
yee that walk The Earth, and stately tread, or lowly creep
ref:
1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost
type:
quotation
text:
Actors tread the boards.
type:
example
text:
to tread lightly, to tread gently
type:
example
text:
to tread carefully, to tread cautiously, to tread warily
type:
example
text:
to tread a path; to tread land when too light; a well-trodden path
type:
example
text:
Round about them was a circle of girls and wives of the neighbouring tenants; "they trod the spinning-wheels with diligent feet, or were using the scraping carding-combs," as an author has it.
ref:
1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 251
type:
quotation
text:
Thus, a poultry-breeder describes a hen (colored Dorking) crowing like a cock, only somewhat more harshly, as a cockerel crows, and with an enormous comb, larger than is ever seen in the male. This bird used to try to tread her fellow-hens.
ref:
1927, Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, Volume 2 (of 6)
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To step or walk (on or across something); to trample.
To step or walk upon.
To proceed, to behave (in a certain manner).
To beat or press with the feet.
To work a lever, treadle, etc., with the foot or the feet.
To go through or accomplish by walking, dancing, etc.
To crush under the foot; to trample in contempt or hatred; to subdue; to repress.
To copulate; said of (especially male) birds.
To copulate with.
To crush grapes with one's feet to make wine
senses_topics:
|
7478 | word:
tread
word_type:
noun
expansion:
tread (plural treads)
forms:
form:
treads
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Grape treading
etymology_text:
From Middle English tred, from treden (“to tread”).
senses_examples:
text:
The steps fell lightly and oddly, with a certain swing, for all they went so slowly; it was different indeed from the heavy creaking tread of Henry Jekyll. Utterson sighed. "Is there never anything else?" he asked.
ref:
1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case Of Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde
type:
quotation
text:
But when, after a singularly heavy tread and the jingle of spurs on the platform, the door flew open to the newcomer, he seemed a realization of our worst expectations.
ref:
1896, Bret Harte, Barker's Luck and Other Stories
type:
quotation
text:
The dog was waiting for him, her paws on the second tread, pere regardant with a happy lolling tongue.
ref:
1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 25
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A step taken with the foot.
A manner of stepping.
The sound made when someone or something is walking.
A way; a track or path.
A walking surface in a stairway on which the foot is placed.
The grooves carved into the face of a tire, used to give the tire traction.
The grooves on the bottom of a shoe or other footwear, used to give grip or traction.
The chalaza of a bird's egg; the treadle.
The act of avian copulation in which the male bird mounts the female by standing on her back.
The top of the banquette, on which soldiers stand to fire over the parapet.
A bruise or abrasion produced on the foot or ankle of a horse that interferes, or strikes its feet together.
senses_topics:
business
construction
manufacturing
biology
natural-sciences
fortification
fortifications
government
military
politics
war
|
7479 | word:
me
word_type:
pron
expansion:
me (first-person singular pronoun, referring to the speaker)
forms:
wikipedia:
Ancient Greek language
Dutch language
German language
Icelandic language
Low German language
Me
Middle English language
North Frisian language
Sanskrit language
Saterland Frisian language
Scots language
etymology_text:
From Middle English me, from Old English mē (“me”, originally dative, but later also accusative), from Proto-West Germanic *miʀ, from Proto-Germanic *miz (“me”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁me- (“me”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots me (“me”), North Frisian me (“me”), Saterland Frisian mie (“me”), Dutch me, mij (“me”), Low German mi (“me”), German mir (“me”, dative), Icelandic mér (“me”, dative), Latin mē (“me”), Ancient Greek μέ (mé), ἐμέ (emé, “me”), Sanskrit मा (mā, “me”).
senses_examples:
text:
Can you hear me?
type:
example
text:
He gave me this.
type:
example
text:
And I awoke, and found me here.
ref:
1819, John Keats, La Belle Dame sans Merci
type:
quotation
text:
When I get to college, I'm gonna get me a white Nissan Sentra.
ref:
1993 April 24, Harper's Magazine
type:
quotation
text:
Come with me.
type:
example
text:
It wasn't me.
type:
example
text:
It's either me or Jeremy Corbyn.
ref:
2017, Theresa May, “Andrew Neil interviews Theresa May: full transcript”, in The Spectator, archived from the original on 2017-05-22
type:
quotation
text:
Who's there? —Me.
type:
example
text:
Who did this? —Me. I did it. (≈ It was me. I did it.)
type:
example
text:
Me and my friends played a game.
type:
example
text:
[It was] literally all me and my astrophysicist colleagues could talk about.
text:
Stella and me have opted to take a course called 'Autobiography and Fiction'.
text:
One of them, whose sobriquet was Big-headed Blackboy, was stretched out before the fire, and no answer could be obtained from him, but a drawling repetition, in grunts of displeasure, of "Bel (not) me want to go.
ref:
1844, Charles Wilkes, Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition, volume II
type:
quotation
text:
Well he said me mustn’t eat ’nanas cause ’nanas would make me sick.
ref:
1899 July 20, Mrs. A[lexander] J[effrey] McKelway [i.e., Lavinia Rutherford McKelway], “Children’s Department”, in A[lexander] J[effrey] McKelway, editor, Presbyterian Standard, volume XLI, number 28, Charlotte, N.C.: The Presbyterian Publishing Company, page 14, column 1
type:
quotation
text:
Whoa! That was about the coolest thing ever! Me gotta see that again.
ref:
2005 October 10, Michael Chapman; Matthew Chapman, “Teen Girl Squad Issue #10”, in Homestar Runner, spoken by Strong Bad (Matthew Chapman)
type:
quotation
text:
“I should stick to Tarzan,” he [Johnny Weissmuller] explains. “You see, I’m no actor. Well, I didn’t have to act in ‘Tarzan, the Ape Man’—just said, ‘Me Tarzan, you Jane.’ I'll never be able to act.”
The words do not occur in the film itself, nor in the original book by Burroughs. Instead, Tarzan says “Tarzan” and “Jane” repeatedly.
ref:
1932 June, Katherine Albert, “Hey! Hey! Here Comes Johnny”, in James R. Quirk, editor, Photoplay, volume XLII, number 1, Chicago, Ill.: Photoplay Publishing Company, page 119, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
May opened the door, and a huge Indian walked into the room. “Me Bear Tracks,” he said. “Me hungry.”
ref:
1954 February 3, Mrs. John F. Underhill, “The Last Leaf; Chapter Three: Bear Tracks”, in Lawrence Maxwell, editor, Junior Guide, volume 2, number 5, Washington, D.C., page 7, column 2
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The first-person singular, as the object (of a verb, preposition, etc).
As the object (direct or indirect) of a verb.
The first-person singular, as the object (of a verb, preposition, etc).
Myself; as a reflexive direct object of a verb.
The first-person singular, as the object (of a verb, preposition, etc).
Myself; as a reflexive indirect object of a verb; the ethical dative.
The first-person singular, as the object (of a verb, preposition, etc).
As the object of a preposition.
As the complement of the copula (be).
Used for the pronoun in isolation or in apposition.
I, the first-person singular, as the subject.
As the subject of a verb.
I, the first-person singular, as the subject.
As the subject of a verb. Sometimes used to indicate or imitate limited English fluency.
I, the first-person singular, as the subject.
Would be the subject of a copula in standard English, though the copula is omitted; used to indicate or imitate limited English fluency.
senses_topics:
|
7480 | word:
me
word_type:
noun
expansion:
me (plural mes)
forms:
form:
mes
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Ancient Greek language
Dutch language
German language
Icelandic language
Low German language
Me
Middle English language
North Frisian language
Sanskrit language
Saterland Frisian language
Scots language
etymology_text:
From Middle English me, from Old English mē (“me”, originally dative, but later also accusative), from Proto-West Germanic *miʀ, from Proto-Germanic *miz (“me”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁me- (“me”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots me (“me”), North Frisian me (“me”), Saterland Frisian mie (“me”), Dutch me, mij (“me”), Low German mi (“me”), German mir (“me”, dative), Icelandic mér (“me”, dative), Latin mē (“me”), Ancient Greek μέ (mé), ἐμέ (emé, “me”), Sanskrit मा (mā, “me”).
senses_examples:
text:
“Quite easily. Here you are taking care of a poor little boy with one arm, and there you are sinking a ship with the other. It can’t be like you.” “Ah, but which is me? I can’t be two mes, you know.” “No. Nobody can be two mes.” “Well, which me is me?” “Now I must think. There looks to be two.” “Yes. That’s the very point—You can’t be knowing the thing you don’t know, can you?” “No.” “Which me do you know?” “The kindest, goodest, best me in the world,” answered Diamond, clinging to North Wind. […] “Do you know the other me as well?” “No. I can’t. I shouldn’t like to.” “There it is. You don’t know the other me. You are sure of one of them?” “Yes.” “And you are sure there can’t be two mes?” “Yes.” “Then the me you don’t know must be the same as the me you do know—else there would be two mes?” “Yes.” “Then the other me you don’t know must be as kind as the me you do know?”
ref:
1871, George MacDonald, “[At the Back of the North Wind] Out in the Storm”, in Harry Thurston Peck, Frank R[ichard] Stockton, Julian Hawthorne, editors, Masterpieces of the World’s Literature, Ancient and Modern: The Great Authors of the World with Their Master Productions, volume XIV, New York, N.Y.: American Literary Society, published 1899, pages 7514–7515
type:
quotation
text:
The question seems unanswerable, because if those same atoms were to be collected as they leave my body as waste in the normal process of metabolism, and in a year when my body contained all new atoms, those old atoms which were me a year ago were reformed into an exact replica of me down to the last thought and cell, would there be two mes?
ref:
1948 January, Rog Phillips [pseudonym; Roger Phillip Graham], “Hate”, in Amazing Stories, volume 22, number 1, Chicago, Ill.: Ziff-Davis Publishing Company, page 69, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
“In these last few days I keep feeling that I’m changing, changing into something I don’t quite recognize myself.” / “You’ve become more like yourself.” / “Could there be two mes?” / “Perhaps more than two.” / “It gets worse and worse. So which me do you actually love ?” / “All of them.” / “You’re being slippery.” Her lips curled slyly. “In fact you only love the me in your mind’s eye, and that me doesn’t exist, right?” / “No, that’s the combination of all the yous.” / She laughed. “It’s just as complicated as a mathematical calculation, if you end up with the three-headed, six-armed me, could you stand that?”
ref:
1990, Bei Dao [pseudonym; Zhao Zhenkai], translated by Bonnie S. McDougall and Susette Ternent Cooke, Waves, New York, N.Y.: New Directions Publishing, page 158
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The self or personality of the speaker, especially their authentic self.
senses_topics:
|
7481 | word:
me
word_type:
det
expansion:
forms:
wikipedia:
Me
etymology_text:
Variant form.
senses_examples:
text:
There don't seem much to say just now. / (Yer what? Then don't, yer ruddy cow! / And give us back me cigarette!)
ref:
a. 1918, Wilfred Owen, “The Letter”, in Douglas Kerr, editor, The Works of Wilfred Owen, page 54
type:
quotation
text:
I want me money back!
ref:
1994, John Hodge, Shallow Grave, spoken by Alex Law (Ewan McGregor)
type:
quotation
text:
Get off me cheese! Get off! Get off!
ref:
1995, Nick Park, A Close Shave
type:
quotation
text:
"What have I ever done to prove me worth, or where I could at least say as I'd made a difference?"
ref:
2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright, page 99
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Alternative form of my
senses_topics:
|
7482 | word:
me
word_type:
noun
expansion:
me
forms:
wikipedia:
Me
Ut queant laxis
etymology_text:
From mi (“third note of a major scale”) + -e (“flat”), from Glover's solmization, Italian mi in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the first syllable of Latin mīra in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The solfeggio syllable used to indicate the flat of the third note of a major scale.
senses_topics:
entertainment
lifestyle
music |
7483 | word:
bourgeois
word_type:
adj
expansion:
bourgeois (comparative more bourgeois, superlative most bourgeois)
forms:
form:
more bourgeois
tags:
comparative
form:
most bourgeois
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from French bourgeois (“a class of citizens who were wealthier members of the Third Estate”), from Old French burgeis (“town dweller”), from Frankish *burg, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold; city”) (whence borough). Doublet of burgess; compare also burgish.
senses_examples:
text:
bourgeois opinion
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Of or relating to the middle class, (often derogatory) their presumed overly conventional, conservative, and materialistic values.
Of or relating to the bourgeoisie, the third estate of the French Ancien Regime.
Of or relating to the capitalist class, (usually derogatory) the capitalist exploitation of the proletariat.
senses_topics:
|
7484 | word:
bourgeois
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bourgeois (usually uncountable, plural bourgeois)
forms:
form:
bourgeois
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from French bourgeois (“a class of citizens who were wealthier members of the Third Estate”), from Old French burgeis (“town dweller”), from Frankish *burg, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold; city”) (whence borough). Doublet of burgess; compare also burgish.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The middle class.
An individual member of the middle class.
A person of any class with bourgeois (i.e., overly conventional and materialistic) values and attitudes.
An individual member of the bourgeoisie, the third estate of the French Ancien Regime.
A capitalist, (usually derogatory) an exploiter of the proletariat.
senses_topics:
government
politics
history
human-sciences
sciences
|
7485 | word:
bourgeois
word_type:
verb
expansion:
bourgeois (third-person singular simple present bourgeoises, present participle bourgeoising, simple past and past participle bourgeoised)
forms:
form:
bourgeoises
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
bourgeoising
tags:
participle
present
form:
bourgeoised
tags:
participle
past
form:
bourgeoised
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from French bourgeois (“a class of citizens who were wealthier members of the Third Estate”), from Old French burgeis (“town dweller”), from Frankish *burg, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold; city”) (whence borough). Doublet of burgess; compare also burgish.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To make bourgeois.
senses_topics:
|
7486 | word:
bourgeois
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bourgeois (uncountable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English burjois, from French Bourgois, probably from Bourges (“the French city”) + -ois (“forming adjectives”) but possibly from bourgeois above or after Jean de Bourgeois who worked as a printer in Rouen c. 1500.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A size of type between brevier and long primer, standardized as 9-point.
senses_topics:
media
printing
publishing |
7487 | word:
condition
word_type:
noun
expansion:
condition (countable and uncountable, plural conditions)
forms:
form:
conditions
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English condicioun, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condicio. Unetymological change in spelling due to confusion with conditio.
senses_examples:
text:
Hypnosis is a peculiar condition of the nervous system.
type:
example
text:
Steps were taken to ameliorate the condition of slavery.
type:
example
text:
Security is defined as the condition of not being threatened.
type:
example
text:
Aging is a condition over which we are powerless.
type:
example
text:
A man of his condition has no place to make requests.
type:
example
text:
My aunt couldn’t walk up the stairs in her condition.
type:
example
text:
National reports on the condition of public education are dismal.
type:
example
text:
The condition of man can be classified as civilized or uncivilized.
type:
example
text:
Environmental protection is a condition for sustainability.
type:
example
text:
What other planets might have the right conditions for life?
type:
example
text:
The union had a dispute over sick time and other conditions of employment.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A state or quality.
A particular state of being.
A state or quality.
The situation of a person or persons, particularly their social and/or economic class, rank.
A state or quality.
The health status of a medical patient.
A state or quality.
The health status of a medical patient.
A certain abnormal state of health; a malady or sickness.
A state or quality.
A requirement.
A logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses. The phrase can either be true or false.
A clause in a contract or agreement indicating that a certain contingency may modify the principal obligation in some way.
senses_topics:
law |
7488 | word:
condition
word_type:
verb
expansion:
condition (third-person singular simple present conditions, present participle conditioning, simple past and past participle conditioned)
forms:
form:
conditions
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
conditioning
tags:
participle
present
form:
conditioned
tags:
participle
past
form:
conditioned
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English condicioun, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condicio. Unetymological change in spelling due to confusion with conditio.
senses_examples:
text:
I became conditioned to the absence of seasons in San Diego.
type:
example
text:
They were conditioning their shins in their karate class.
type:
example
text:
The children were conditioned to speak up if they had any disagreements.
type:
example
text:
divers parcel of silk conditioned or assayed
ref:
1868, Once a Week
type:
quotation
text:
to condition a student who has failed in some branch of study
type:
example
text:
"To think is thus to condition," because it is to know this or that object, and this or that object in a particular mode or condition.
ref:
1882, John Veitch, “Classification of the Laws of Knowledge—Negative and Positive Thought—Relativity”, in Hamilton, Philadelphia, Pa.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott and Co.; Edinburgh: W[illia]m Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, page 210
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To subject to the process of acclimation.
To subject to different conditions, especially as an exercise.
To make dependent on a condition to be fulfilled; to make conditional on.
To place conditions or limitations upon.
To shape the behaviour of someone to do something.
To treat (the hair) with hair conditioner.
To contract; to stipulate; to agree.
To test or assay, as silk (to ascertain the proportion of moisture it contains).
To put under conditions; to require to pass a new examination or to make up a specified study, as a condition of remaining in one's class or in college.
To impose upon an object those relations or conditions without which knowledge and thought are alleged to be impossible.
senses_topics:
colleges
education
|
7489 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past of stink
senses_topics:
|
7490 | word:
stank
word_type:
adj
expansion:
stank (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
Phonological history of English close front vowels#Thank–think merger
etymology_text:
Respelling of stink, representing the thank-think merger. Compare thang.
senses_examples:
text:
Fishy, pussy funky elevator
Pissy, broke ass project elevator
Old baby piss, stank ass horse, cat piss smelling funky hot ass elevator
I'm not climbing no 17 flights[…]
ref:
2002, Tasha C. Miller, Assout: Incoherent Thoughts and Poems of an Unemployed Black Girl, page 11
type:
quotation
text:
This is why most top-notch women can't stand stank hoes. Classy women have more contempt for these women than men do.
ref:
2003, Tariq Nasheed, Play or be played, page 124
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Foul-smelling, stinking, unclean.
senses_topics:
|
7491 | word:
stank
word_type:
noun
expansion:
stank (plural stanks)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Phonological history of English close front vowels#Thank–think merger
etymology_text:
Respelling of stink, representing the thank-think merger. Compare thang.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A stink; a foul smell.
senses_topics:
|
7492 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank (third-person singular simple present stanks, present participle stanking, simple past and past participle stanked)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
stanking
tags:
participle
present
form:
stanked
tags:
participle
past
form:
stanked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
Phonological history of English close front vowels#Thank–think merger
etymology_text:
Respelling of stink, representing the thank-think merger. Compare thang.
senses_examples:
text:
I just ignored him because he stanked worst than I did.
ref:
2010, Michael Lee, Time to Crime: Doing Time, Listening to Crime, page 39
type:
quotation
text:
I did not want to ask for her hand in marriage in a hospital room that stanked of chlorine and god knew what else.
ref:
2012, Tess Neis, My Own Winter Sun, page 234
type:
quotation
text:
I couldn't figure out exactly how the Preacher'd done it, but something with this tithing business stanked real bad.
ref:
2012, Christopher Paul Curtis, Elijah of Buxton
type:
quotation
text:
You washed it because it stanked.” It is supposed to stank.
ref:
2014, Jasmine Inari Jarden, Grandfather's Favorite Girl
type:
quotation
text:
He was killing me with the jokes and he was killing everybody with his smuggled corned beef samages that stanked up the joint.
ref:
2010, Brooke, Detroit, Lenacrave and Cleveland, page 295
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To stink; to smell bad.
To cause to smell bad.
senses_topics:
|
7493 | word:
stank
word_type:
noun
expansion:
stank (plural stanks)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Old French estanc, (French étang), from Latin stagnum (“a pool”). Compare stagnant, stagnate.
senses_examples:
text:
And he [the hart] fleeth then mightily and far from the hounds, that is to say he hath gone a great way from them, then he will go into the stank, and will soil therein once or twice in all the stank and then he will come out again by the same way that he went in, and then he shall ruse again the same way that he came (the length of) a bow shot or more, and then he shall ruse out of the way, for to stall or squatt to rest him, and that he doeth for he knoweth well that the hounds shall come by the fues [footing] into the stank where he was.
ref:
c. 1425, Edward, Second Duke of York [i.e., Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York], “Of the Hart and His Nature”, in W[illia]m A[dolf] Baillie-Grohman, F[lorence] Baillie-Grohman, editors, The Master of Game by Edward, Second Duke of York: The Oldest English Book on Hunting, London: Chatto & Windus, published 1909, →OCLC, page 33
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Water retained by an embankment; a pool of water.
A dam or mound to stop water.
senses_topics:
|
7494 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank (third-person singular simple present stanks, present participle stanking, simple past and past participle stanked)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
stanking
tags:
participle
present
form:
stanked
tags:
participle
past
form:
stanked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Old French estanc, (French étang), from Latin stagnum (“a pool”). Compare stagnant, stagnate.
senses_examples:
text:
Water-courses are stanked where they take a sharp turn, to prevent the force of the current wearing away the bank at the outside angle.
ref:
1881, John Edwin Cussans, History of Hertfordshire - Volume 3, page 321
type:
quotation
text:
'Have you ever seen such a mighty river before?' 'No , I answered, 'but I knew him when he was a wee thing, a child like myself, and I have stanked him often at his sylvan source with a few small stones, and the very first vessel he ever floated was a little boat I made of a pea-pod.'
ref:
1881, Zacharias Topelius, Whisperings in the wood, page 92
type:
quotation
text:
The water had been stanked most carefully , and confined within its banks by soil and turf.
ref:
1888, Fores's Sporting Notes & Sketches, page 45
type:
quotation
text:
The sewer was then stanked off at both sides of the passage by brickwork and its reconstruction commenced.
ref:
1912, W. Hemming Jones, “The Brocklebank Dock Improvements on the Mersey Dock Estate”, in Transactions of the Liverpool Engineering Society, volume 33, page 170
type:
quotation
text:
Mr. Hownslow was a man who lived at the Chequers Inn, and one night coming home from Charlbury, in the narrow part of Spelsbury Lane he fell down and stanked ( blocked ) the water and was drowned.
ref:
1962, Elsie Corbett, A History of Spelsbury, page 263
type:
quotation
text:
Rejoining the Stroudwater Canal near Lockham Bridge you can either turn left for a hundred yards or so past the concrete pillbox installed during the Second World War to where the canal is stanked off or omit this short section of canal altogether and turn right along the canal towards Bristol Road.
ref:
2013, Michael Handford, The Stroudwater Navigation Through Time
type:
quotation
text:
The stop-planks which had for so long stanked off the waters of the summit level at South Ketton Bridge were then lifted.
ref:
2015, L.T.C. Rolt, Winterstoke
type:
quotation
text:
They never dreamed of using a float; I doubt if there was such a thing in the whole valley; but they “stanked' their rods in the bank, with the line heavily shotted and arranged so that the hook was just clear of the bottom, the line being at right angles to the point of the rod.
ref:
1895, G. Christopher Davies, “The Dee”, in The Badminton Magazine of Sports & Pastimes, volume 1, page 251
type:
quotation
text:
Should the depth of water on a vessel's deck be considered too deep for this method, the ship has to be stanked, or raised upon–that is to say, balks of timber have to be bolted or secured to her waterways; thick planks have to be fastened to the balks, so that they come above water, and then they are decked across, and the whole is made watertight with canvas or oakum.
ref:
1898, Captain James Bell, “Raising Sunken Vessels”, in Cassier's Magazine: An Engineering Monthly, volume 14, page 331
type:
quotation
text:
I see your little desert-busted ankle boots and holy kid blankets, winter uniforms all stanked in must and I can't sleep here and I love your crap and I can't make a bed without you— the fitted sheet is a one-person nightmare.
ref:
2018, Derrick C. Brown, Hello. It Doesn't Matter.
type:
quotation
text:
The writer was obliged, a few months ago, to open out a whole district which had been "stanked off " ( as the phrase of the district is ) for over a year, and on approaching the old air-way the heat became intolerable and the fire was burning as badly as ever.
ref:
1884, North of England Institute of Mining Engineers, Transactions - Volume 33, page 155
type:
quotation
text:
From your experience then, taking into account the fact that you have a fiery and dusty mine to deal with, would you prefer to stank off as soon as there is the slightest evidence of any natural heating, either by smell or vapour or anything else, or would you prefer to run the risk of having to cope with filling out a large quantity of debris to get at the fire?
ref:
1916, Great Britain. Home Office, First Report of the Departmental Committee on Spontaneous Combustion of Coal in Mines, page 176
type:
quotation
text:
If a gob-fire were more or less effectively stanked off, so that they had plenty of time for the work, he could quite see what a very useful adjunct cementation would be in that case.
ref:
1917, Institution of Mining Engineers (Great Britain), Transactions - Volume 53, page 32
type:
quotation
text:
The process of methane removal at the pretreatment or exploitation stage, or methane outlets from the stanked areas, are carried out in about half of them.
ref:
1996, T.S. Golosinski, Guo Yuguang, Mining Science and Technology, page 19
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To dam up; to block the flow of water or other liquid.
To pack in tightly.
To seal off an area of the mine in which a fire has started.
senses_topics:
business
mining |
7495 | word:
stank
word_type:
adj
expansion:
stank (comparative more stank, superlative most stank)
forms:
form:
more stank
tags:
comparative
form:
most stank
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Old French estanc, or Italian stanco. See stanch (adjective).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Weak; worn out.
senses_topics:
|
7496 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank (third-person singular simple present stanks, present participle stanking, simple past and past participle stanked)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
stanking
tags:
participle
present
form:
stanked
tags:
participle
past
form:
stanked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
This was executed with sch gallantry and spirit by the troops, that, notwithstanding the natural strength of this pos, the abbatis of fruit trees that were made, the batteries of the town of Bommel which stanked the approach, and the considerable number of men who defended it, it was soon carried, and the enemy driven across the river (every where passable on the ice) with considerable loss of men and of four pieces of cannon.
ref:
1796, The Scottish Register, page 252
type:
quotation
text:
upon the south of the garden, by ane easy descent, you come to the great orch-yaird containing sex aikers of ground, includeing a parcell thereof that is woody, all upon one levine, stanked and hedged, about whose back entry from the south leads you first to a triangle haugh surrounded with wood, and then to the river of Clyde for salmond fishing for more nor two mylles, which makes the lenth of the wholl barronie from Garingill to the Miregill mouth.
ref:
1815, James Somerville Baron Somerville, Walter Scott, Memorie of the Somervilles, page 384
type:
quotation
text:
Upon Friday the 25th of April, sir William Forbes of Craigievar, at his own hand, takes in the place of Kemnay, frae the widow lady thereof, plants some soldiers therein, being stanked about, and of good defence;
ref:
1830, John Spalding, The History of the Troubles and Memorable Transactions in Scotland From the Year 1624 to 1645, page 490
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To surround or guard.
senses_topics:
|
7497 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank (third-person singular simple present stanks, present participle stanking, simple past and past participle stanked)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
stanking
tags:
participle
present
form:
stanked
tags:
participle
past
form:
stanked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
In the por ( bustle ) I lost my hat ; tell gittin ' cloase to a mait-stannin ' (shambles), to saave myself from bein' stanked ( trampled ) under fut, I got up and set down 'pon the stannin' ; an ' then, aw, I feelt my sawl all a-fire weth love for everybody theere, and sprengin' to my feet, I begun to ex'ort, and then took to pray.
ref:
1873, Richard Hampton, Foolish Dick: an Autobiography of Richard Hampton, page 43
type:
quotation
text:
And then she took down the cloam from the chimbly and stanked it under her feet, so as no one shouldn't hev it after she war gone.
ref:
1898, M, “Recollections of a Parish Worker”, in The Cornish Magazine, volume 1, page 471
type:
quotation
text:
I like to know a man be stanked on, for they'm miserable torments most o' their time .
ref:
1906, Mrs. Havelock Ellis, My Cornish Neighbours, page 40
type:
quotation
text:
I caan't afford to ' ave my straw stanked down an ' spoiled.
ref:
1909, Silas Kitto Hocking, In Spite of Fate, page 177
type:
quotation
text:
I remarked on this to Tippet and he mumbled something about they saucy girls having gathered all the eating peas and stanked on his lettuces and carrots to get them.
ref:
1931, Mrs. Alfred Sidgwick, Storms and Tea-cups, page 93
type:
quotation
text:
It is this moment which Parker chooses to tell; in so doing setting a new agenda and standard for Cornu-English dialect literature: ' We should ha' just stanked on over the top of 'en but instead we hesitated and squared up.
ref:
2000, Alan M. Kent, The Literature of Cornwall, page 269
type:
quotation
text:
I put on my clean gook to-day, And went to fetch some barm,When I stanked 'pon a slaw-cripple, Down there by Hodge's farm.
ref:
1895, Joseph Thomas, Randigal Rhymes and a Glossary of Cornish Words, page 24
type:
quotation
text:
But she stanked upon a wuilkin one day in the chall, and after that she was always liable to quames.
ref:
1901, Pearson's Magazine, volume 11, page 362
type:
quotation
text:
He catched sight o' the barra handles sticked up over a lime bucket, and stanked fore to grab 'em.
ref:
1975, Jack R. Clemo, Confession of a Rebel, page 72
type:
quotation
text:
Certainly, there would be those happy to support his elevation to parliament: Then up jumped Reuben Gill, And he stanked on the floor To send John Prisk to Parliament He'd beg from door to door.
ref:
2007, Philip Payton, Making Moonta: The Invention of Australia's Little Cornwall, page 122
type:
quotation
text:
The wemmen and some of the men sot down, too, but all the young cheldern runned away down out o' sight, so I stanked out as fast as I cud to see where they was going to, and when I got there, they was all down by a will.
ref:
2010, George Pritchard, Angletwitch and Poppydock, page 9
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To trample.
To stumble or lurch.
senses_topics:
|
7498 | word:
stank
word_type:
verb
expansion:
stank (third-person singular simple present stanks, present participle stanking, simple past and past participle stanked)
forms:
form:
stanks
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
stanking
tags:
participle
present
form:
stanked
tags:
participle
past
form:
stanked
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
In cattle auctions, cows are frequently seen with “stanked udders,” when a cow is driven to market several miles along hard roads with a loaded udder, its milk is not improved for human consumption.
ref:
1913, Royal Sanitary Institute (Great Britain), Journal of the Royal Sanitary Institute - Volume 33, page 86
type:
quotation
text:
An old cow, giving rather little milk and perhaps not freshly calved, may be 'stanked' in order to deceive a prospective purchaser, and in this case an accusation of 'cruelty' would not be so ill-founded.
ref:
1950, Frederick Daniel Smith, Barbara Wilcox, The Country Companion, page 91
type:
quotation
text:
The cows was stanked and the calves was empty.
ref:
1950, Frederick Daniel Smith, Barbara Wilcox, Sold for Two Farthings, page 122
type:
quotation
text:
also the advantage of preventing any of the quarters of the udder from becoming stanked, from not being used by the calf, which leads in time to the quarter being lost.
ref:
2013, James MacDonald, History of Hereford Cattle
type:
quotation
text:
So instead of pleading for Beguildy I said—“Look's cows coming, they'll be stanked if they inna milked.”
ref:
2022, Mary Webb, Precious Bane
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To cause (the udders) to become blocked and inflamed from lack of milking.
senses_topics:
|
7499 | word:
great spotted woodpecker
word_type:
noun
expansion:
great spotted woodpecker (plural great spotted woodpeckers)
forms:
form:
great spotted woodpeckers
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A species of woodpecker, Dendrocopos major.
senses_topics:
|
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