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Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani is the soundtrack to the 2013 Hindi film of the same name directed by Ayan Mukerji. Produced by Karan Johar under Dharma Productions banner, the film starred Ranbir Kapoor and Deepika Padukone in lead roles, while Kalki Koechlin and Aditya Roy Kapur play supporting roles. The film's music and score is composed by Pritam with lyrics written by Amitabh Bhattacharya, except for one song written by Kumaar.
The album featured nine tracks in total and was released through T-Series on 29 April 2013. A day before the official album release, the album was made available exclusively on iTunes from 28 April for subscribers, and the audio jukebox was released on YouTube the same day, while the songs were later launched through digital and physical formats. It received positive reviews, praising the compositions, lyrics, choice of singers and the commercial value of the album. The tracks "Badtameez Dil" and "Balam Pichkari" became a chartbusters and repeatedly played in festivals and celebrations, while other tracks also topped music charts. As of January 2022, the album has more than 2.6 billion views on YouTube.
In addition to the commercial response, it received several nominations and awards at various ceremonies. The album won one award each at the Zee Cine, Mirchi Music and International Indian Film Academy Awards, two Star Screen and Producers Guild Film Awards each and three Global Indian Music Academy Awards. It received four Filmfare Award nominations, but did not win in any category. It was one of the strong contenders to win, several awards in music ceremonies, but eventually lost due to the success of the musical album of Aashiqui 2, released at the same year.
Development
In December 2011, Pritam was chosen as the film's music director, thereby making his maiden association with Dharma Productions, and also replacing their usual collaborators: musicians Vishal–Shekhar and Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy. The album consisted of seven original tracks and two alternative versions. The lyrics for the tracks were written by Amitabh Bhattacharya and Kumaar, and vocals for the tracks were provided by Benny Dayal, Shefali Alvares, Vishal Dadlani, Shalmali Kholgade, Arijit Singh, Rekha Bhardwaj, Tochi Raina, Sunidhi Chauhan, Sreerama Chandra, Shilpa Rao, Nakash Aziz, Harshdeep Kaur and Mohit Chauhan. Azeem Dayani handled the supervision for the film's soundtrack.
In an interview with Akshay Manwani of Scroll.in, Bhattacharya called it as "a fun album" and went on to say "I love writing albums, which have that entire spectrum, the entire range of moods. Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani was one such album. If it has a ‘Budtameez Dil’ or a ‘Balam Pichkaari’, then it has an ‘Ilaahi’ or a ‘Kabira’ as well [...] I have created the entire mood for the songs in these films. The same has been done by the composer."
Several social media users, criticised that the "Badtameez Dil" is copied from the Bengali folk number "Ranjana Ami Ar Ashbona". Defending the track, playback singer Benny Dayal had said that: "Everyone is enjoying the track which is the positive side of stuff; rather than looking at the negative side you should look at the positive side. The truth will be out at any point of time so there is no point of accusing someone. I am aware of the allegation on Pritam and heard all the tracks of the Bengali film. But I am not sure if it is a copy or not."
The track "Kabira" is a Sufi number, which has two versions. This track, along with Pritam's other song, "Kamli" from Dhoom 3 (2013), served as inspiration for the track "Bulleya" for another Ranbir Kapoor-starrer Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (2016), also composed by Pritam. "Ilahi", sung by Arijit Singh is a travel number. Madhuri Dixit, appeared in the special dance number "Ghagra". For the mastering of the album, Pritam said that "for that film, I gave a master to T-Series and the next day I got a better one so I wanted to change it. They said no but I kept pleading. They finally agreed but were not able to change the New Zealand iTunes version which went live first because of the time difference. Now all the pirates got that master. So I tried to contact them to use the new version." A mashup of all the tracks were released as an additional single on 5 July 2013.
Track listing
Reception
The music received exceptionally positive response from critics. Critic-based at NDTV (published by Indo-Asian News Service) called the film's soundtrack as "impressive, young and crazy" and wrote "High on energy and beats, it's an out and out fun and masti album. Though the inclination is towards vibrant and youthful compositions, it does have its share of emotional songs." He concluded the review saying that the album is "a must hear for all music enthusiasts". Mohar Basu of Koimoi gave 4 out of 5 to the album, calling it as "one of the year’s most memorable musicals in terms of satisfying songs" and "the album has unbeatable tracks and few understated ones, which balances out in entirety [...] In terms of entertainment, this album is satiating."
Planet Bollywood-based Mitesh Saraf gave 9/10 "Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani just falls short of becoming the biggest soundtrack of 2013, considering the shelf life of the songs. Although it has every element a Bollywood soundtrack should have, two brilliant dance numbers in the form of 'Badtameez Dil' and 'Balam Pichkari'; two majestic compositions if the form of 'Ilahi' and 'Kabira'; an item number 'Ghagra'..What pulls it back is the two average sounding compositions, 'Dilliwaali Girlfriend' and 'Subhanallah''', not that they are bad but lacks freshness and gives a heard before feeling." He called it as a "fantastic soundtrack which will rule the charts for some time". Bollywood Hungama gave 4 out of 5 stars and said: "Music is the key to the success of a romantic film and in that respect, Yeh Jaawani Hai Deewani is extremely fortunate to have a foot-tapping music score that will take the film places. In most tracks Pritam is in his element and carries on the mega-musical heritage of Dharma Productions' best musicals, a legacy that began with Dostana (1980)."
Writing for the website BollySpice, Bordul Choudary gave 4 out of 5 to the album stating it as "a delicious album that will surely satisfy your musical needs". Suparna Thombare of Bollywoodlife.com gave 3.5 out of 5 stars and called the album as "a great mix of high energy dance numbers, romantic songs and light tracks" and concluded "The soundtrack of this romantic movie is bound to be a lasting pleasure – it’s high on energy and melody!" The Indian Express-based critic Sankhayan Ghosh called the track "Badtameez Dil" as the standout from the album. Vipin Nair of Music Aloud stated "After an unimpressive couple of soundtracks earlier this year, Pritam regains his footing with Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani" and gave 7.5/10 to the album.
Chart performance
The album was considered as one of the "Best Bollywood Albums of 2013" by Indiatimes (Anand Vaishnav), Deccan Music and Milliblog (Karthik Srinivasan). The tracks "Badtameez Dil" and "Balam Pichkari" received huge consumer response and also featured in year-end lists. Deccan Music listed the track "Balam Pichkari" in #27 of "Best Bollywood Songs of 2013", while Milliblog's Karthik Srinivasan and Music Aloud-based Vipin Nair listed "Badtameez Bil" in their year-ender reports as one of the "Best Bollywood Songs of 2013" (#8 and #22). India.com listed the tracks – "Badtameez Dil", "Balam Pichkari", "Dilliwaali Girlfriend" and "Ghagra" in their "best Hindi film dance numbers of 2013". Hindustan Times listed the track "Badtameez Dil" in their year-ender review calling the track as "fun and peppy, which describes the film and its music". The Indian Express also mentioned the album as "full of fun, frolic, celebration and innocent naughtiness". Firstpost-based critic Akshay Manwani, listed it as one of the Best Bollywood Albums of the Decade and further went on to state it as "an album with a distinctly youthful vibe, but one which is also rich with substance". Ormax Media, included the album along with Pritam's two other compositions — Barfi! (2012) and Ae Dil Hai Mushkil'' (2016) — as one of the "decade's best Bollywood albums".
Accolades
Notes
References
External links
Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) at IMDb
Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani at Apple Music
2013 soundtrack albums
2010s film soundtrack albums
Hindi film soundtracks
T-Series (company) soundtrack albums | [
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Plutonia is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Vitrinidae.
Species
Plutonia atlantica (Morelet, 1860)
Synonyms
Plutonia crassa (Groh & Hemmen, 1986) †: synonym of Madeirovitrina crassa (Groh & Hemmen, 1986) †
Plutonia dianae Valido & M. R. Alonso, 2000: synonym of Canarivitrina dianae (Valido & M. R. Alonso, 2000) (original combination)
Plutonia falcifera Ibanez & Groh, 2000: synonym of Canarivitrina falcifera (Ibáñez & Groh, 2000) (original combination)
Plutonia portosantana (Groh & Hemmen, 1986) †: synonym of Madeirovitrina portosantana (Groh & Hemmen, 1986) †
Plutonia ripkeni M. R. Alonso & Ibanez, 2000: synonym of Canarivitrina ripkeni (M. R. Alonso & Ibáñez, 2000) (original combination)
Plutonia ruivensis (A. A. Gould, 1846): synonym of Madeirovitrina ruivensis (A. A. Gould, 1846)
Plutonia solemi Ibáñez & M. R. Alonso, 2001: synonym of Insulivitrina solemi (Ibáñez & M. R. Alonso, 2001) (original combination)
Plutonia taburientensis Groh & Valido, 2000: synonym of Canarivitrina taburientensis (Groh & Valido, 2000) (original combination)
References
Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017
Vitrinidae | [
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Uwe Hochgeschurtz is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Opel Automobile GmbH. Previously he held various management roles at Ford, and also as Head of Worldwide Marketing LCV at Volkswagen AG, and as CEO of Renault Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
Early life and education
Hochgeschurtz studied at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, University of Cologne, University of Birmingham and Université Paris Dauphine earning a Master of Business Administration.
Working
Hochgeschurtz has over 30 years of experience working in the automotive industry. He started at Ford in 1990, progressing through various management roles, including Sales Director for Ford Switzerland and Product Manager & Head of LCV Marketing for Ford Germany.
In 2001 he became Head of Worldwide Marketing LCV for Volkswagen AG. In 2004 he moved to Renault, where he worked in sales, marketing and product management before being becoming CEO of Renault Germany in June 2016.
In September 2021 Hochgeschurtz was appointed Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Opel Automobile GmbH, taking on the role from previous CEO Michael Lohscheller.
As a member of Stellantis executive team he reports directly to Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares.
Personal life
Hochgeschurtz is married with three children. He is an enthusiastic cyclist, competing for RC Schmitter Cologne, and a supporter of FC Köln.
References
German chief executives
Marketing people
1963 births
Living people | [
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The Arab Women's Association of Palestine (AWA) also known as the Arab Women's Association was a Palestinian women's organization. It was founded by the Arab Women's executive committee (AWE), which was formed in Jerusalem in the British mandate of Palestine at the first Palestine Arab Women's Congress on 26 October 1929.
Foundation
The 1929 Palestine riots resulted in a national Palestine mobilization. This resulted in the foundation of the Arab Women's executive committee (AWE). It was the first women's organization in Palestine, and the starting point of the Palestinian women's movement.
The AWE organized and hosted the First Palestine Arab Women's Congress or First Arab Women's Congress in Jerusalem in 1929. The Congress was the first international women's conference it the Arab and the Islamic world, and a predecessor of the First Eastern Women's Congress.
During the Congress, the Arab Women's executive committee (AWE) founded the Arab Women's Association of Palestine (AWA).
The goals of the AWA was stated as:
"work for the development of the social and economic affairs of the Arab women in Palestine, to endeavor to secure the extension of educational facilities for girls, [and] to use every possible and lawful means to elevate the standing of women".
The founding members were Wahida al-Khalidi (president), Matiel Mogannam and Katrin Deeb (secretaries), Shahinda Duzdar (treasurer), Naʿimiti al-Husayni, Tarab Abd al-Hadi, Mary Shihada, Anisa al-Khadra, Khadija al-Husayni, Diya alNashashibi, Melia Sakakini, Zlikha al-Shihabi, Kamil Budayri, Fatima al-Husayni, Zahiya alNashashibi, and Saʿdiyya al-Alami.
Activity
The AWA formed branches in many Palestinian cities and towns, and became the leading organization of the Palestinian women's movement.
It was active in the Arab protests against the British mandate: it proved support for the prisoners and rebels of the 1936 and 1939 revolts, protested to the British authorities, and rallied international and regional support for the Palestinian national movement.
Split
In 1938, the AWA attended the Eastern Women’s Conference for the Defense of Palestine in Cairo. In 1944, the AWA split in the original AWA and the Arab Women's Union, which was formally established as the Arab Feminist Union (AFU) after the Arab Women's Congress of 1944.
The AWA continued to function, mainly in the form of a charitable association in Jerusalem.
References
Fleischmann, Ellen L. "The Emergence of the Palestinian Women's Movement, 1929–1939." Journal of Palestine Studies 29, no. 3 (2000): 16–32.
Organizations based in the State of Palestine
Organizations established in 1929
Women's rights organizations
Women's organizations
1929 establishments
1929 establishments in Mandatory Palestine
Feminism and history
Feminist organizations
Women's rights
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Biga power station (also known as Bekirli-1 or İçdaş Çelik Enerji or İÇDAŞ Değirmencik and different from nearby İÇDAŞ Biga-2 but owned by the same company) is a 405 MW coal-fired power station in Turkey in Değirmencik, Biga, in Çanakkale built in the early 21st century.
References
External links
Biga power station on Global Energy Monitor
Coal-fired power stations in Turkey | [
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is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a midfielder for FC Tokyo.
Club career
Born in Muroran, Hokkaido, Matsuki followed in his older brother's footsteps by joining local side Muroran Osawa FC.
Matsuki trained with French Ligue 1 side Olympique Lyonnais in 2021. Following this trial, he returned to Japan to lift the 2021 All Japan High School Soccer Tournament for Aomori Yamada High School, scoring in both the semi-final and final.
Initially set to move to Europe to pursue a professional career, it was announced that Matsuki would sign for J1 League side FC Tokyo ahead of the 2022 season. Matsuki stated that a major influence on his decision to stay in Japan was current FC Tokyo player Yuto Nagatomo, who also started his career with Tokyo before moving to Europe.
Career statistics
Club
.
Notes
References
2003 births
Living people
Association football people from Hokkaido
Japanese footballers
Japan youth international footballers
Association football midfielders
J1 League players
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Dipendra Shrestha () is a Nepalese politician belonging to Nepali Congress. He is a member of Provincial Assembly of Bagmati Province.
Shrestha is currently serving as Minister for Culture and Tourism of Bagmati Province.
Electoral history
2017 Nepalese provincial elections
See also
Prakash Man Singh
Nepali Congress
References
People from Kathmandu District
Nepali Congress politicians from Bagmati Province
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people | [
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Clean Rite Cowboy is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Michael Downing and released in 2000. The film stars John Robinson as Henry, an unhappily married man with a dead-end job as a carpet cleaner, who knocks on a client's door one day only to have his high school girlfriend Diane (Christie MacFadyen) open the door.
The film's cast also includes Gloria Slade as his wife Mona, Luca Perlman as their son Paul, and Tracy Wright and Judy Marshak in supporting roles.
The film premiered on September 9, 2000, at the 2000 Toronto International Film Festival.
It received a Genie Award nomination for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 21st Genie Awards in 2001.
References
External links
2000 films
2000 drama films
2000 short films
Canadian films
Canadian short films
Canadian drama films | [
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Arthur B. Groos (born 5 February 1943 in Fullerton, California) is an American philologist, musicologist, medievalist and Germanist.
Groos began teaching at Cornell University in 1973, held the Avalon Foundation Professorship in Humanities, and was granted emeritus status upon retirement. He was co-editor of the Cambridge Opera Journal alongside Roger Parker. A Festschrift was published in Groos's honor in 2020.
Selected publications
Groos, Arthur. Romancing the Grail: Genre, Science, and Quest in Wolfram's "Parzival." New York: Cornell University, 1995.
References
1943 births
Living people
American philologists
Germanists
American medievalists
American musicologists
Cornell University faculty
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
Writers from California
People from Fullerton, California | [
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Bianca Lorenz-Baptiste (born 15 January 1992) is an English footballer who plays for Crystal Palace. She was the top scorer for Tottenham Hotspur in 2017.
Club career
Baptiste was born in England in 1992. She played in the youth system of Arsenal and moved up from the Enfield Town under-16s into their first team for the 2008–09 season.
She is an attacker. She played for ten years with Tottenham Hotspur as a semi-professional until the team decided to go fully professional. The team had done well and in 2017 Baptiste was their top goal scorer when they won the 2016–17 FA Women's Premier League Southern Division title. She also scored two goals in the 3–0 Championship play-off win over Northern Champions Blackburn Rovers, which secured promotion to FA WSL 2.
Tottenham were promoted again when they finished second behind Manchester United in the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship. The management team decided to not include Baptiste in the players they made professional for entry to the top division. Seven new players were announced for the team in July 2019. Only about half the team was retained and eleven players had to find a new role, including Sarah Wiltshire and Emma Beckett, who was a recent signing. Baptiste felt rejected and considered leaving the game, she was labelled "Spurs Ladies Nutrition Coach and Personal Trainer" and that appeared to be her new role in the team. She did get some support and she was able to find a new home at another London team – Crystal Palace.
During the 2020–21 season she appeared 25 times for Crystal Palace, scoring 14 goals for the club. In a match against Bristol City she scored two goals, but Bristol replied with four and went on to win the championship.
In January 2022 she was brought on as a substitute for Leigh Nicol during a match with Lewes when her team were losing. She was credited with reviving her team's game leading to a 3–1 victory over Lewes. The manager noted her goal and her contribution after a pass from Molly Sharpe. In the following month, they played London Bees and Baptiste either scored or assisted all of her team's five goals.
References
External links
Personal training website
1992 births
Living people
English women's footballers
FA Women's National League players
Arsenal W.F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women players
Crystal Palace F.C. (Women) players
Women's association football forwards | [
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Madeirovitrina is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Vitrinidae.
Species
Madeirovitrina albopalliata (Groh & Hemmen, 1986)
Madeirovitrina behnii (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
† Madeirovitrina crassa (Groh & Hemmen, 1986)
Madeirovitrina marcida (A. A. Gould, 1846)
Madeirovitrina media (R. T. Lowe, 1855)
Madeirovitrina nitida (A. Gould, 1846)
† Madeirovitrina portosantana (Groh & Hemmen, 1986)
Madeirovitrina ruivensis (A. A. Gould, 1846)
References
Groh, K. & Hemmen, J. (1986). Zur Kenntnis der Vitriniden des Madeira-Archipels (Pulmonata: Vitrinidae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 116 [1985] (4/6): 183–217. Frankfurt am Main.
Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017
Vitrinidae | [
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The girls' mass start speed skating competition of the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics was held at Hamar Olympic Hall on 19 February 2016.
Results
The races were held at 10:30.
References
Girls' mass start | [
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Ahn Si-ha is a South Korean actress and musical actress. She is best known for her roles in dramas such as Moonshine, Delayed Justice, The King: Eternal Monarch and All of Us Are Dead.
Filmography
Television series
Film
Theatre
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1982 births
Living people
21st-century South Korean actresses
South Korean television actresses
South Korean film actresses | [
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Residency Unlimited is an international artist's residency program in New York City, located within the former South Congregational Church in Carroll Gardens, in Brooklyn, New York. In addition to artist-in-residence programs, Residency Unlimited also hosts temporary exhibitions and commissions and public programs which are free and open to the public.
Notable alumni: Lauren Berkowitz, Isabelle Le Normand, Avi Lubin, Maayan Sheleff, Hyon Gyon, Taro Masushio, Fatma Shanan, Tuguldur Yondonjamts
Sources
Are You an Emerging Artist Looking to Raise Your Game? Here Are 7 Residencies That Can Help, Artnet Brian Boucher & Caroline Goldstein, July 27, 2017
THE END OF THE GRAND TOUR? VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM ON ARTIST RESIDENCIES: FUTURE, PLACE AND STATe, Francisco Guevara,2020
Conceptualising the value of artist residencies: A research agenda, K Lehman - Cultural Management: Science and Education, 2017
How an art residency program is fueling the creative Saudi spirit, Ruba Obaid, Arab News
Art/Work - Revised & Updated: Everything You Need to Know (and Do) As You Pursue Your Art Career, Heather Darcy Bhandari, Jonathan Melber
References
External links
official website
Arts organizations established in 2009
Artist residencies
Contemporary art
Art museums established in 2009
Art museums and galleries in New York City
2009 establishments in New York City | [
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Gustav Rudolf Undersaker (6 September 1887 – 13 November 1972) was a Norwegian painter.
Biography
Gustav Undersaker was born as Gustav Rudolf Johnsen on 6 September 1887, but he took the name "Undersaker" in c. 1914. He had 5 siblings. He studied at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry and at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts between 1910 and 1913. During his stay in Paris in 1914, he saw several works of Paul Cézanne, which became an inspiration for him. After returning from Paris, he was a student of Henrik Sørensen until 1916. He also ran his own painting school in Trondheim for some time, one of his students having been Johs Rian.
Nowadays some of his works can be seen in museums in Norway and Sweden.
References
1887 births
1972 deaths
Norwegian painters
People from Inderøy
Norwegian expatriates in France | [
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1,
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1,
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1... |
The Zavodskoy constituency (No.125) was a Russian legislative constituency in Novosibirsk Oblast in 1993–2007. The constituency covered northern Novosibirsk and, alongside Zayeltsovsky constituency, is one of the constituencies, that covered urban Novosibirsk. In 2015 Zavodskoy constituency was dismantled and its territory was split between all four Novosibirsk Oblast constituencies.
Members elected
Election results
1993
|-
! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Party
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%
|-
|style="background-color:#78866B"|
|align=left|Ivan Anichkin
|align=left|Dignity and Charity
|
|15.00%
|-
|style="background-color:#DBB726"|
|align=left|Olga Lesnevskaya
|align=left|Democratic Party
| -
|13.30%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total
|
| 100%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="4" |Source:
|
|}
1995
|-
! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Party
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Ivan Anichkin (incumbent)
|align=left|Independent
|
|13.80%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksandr Prosenko
|align=left|Liberal Democratic Party
|
|10.05%
|-
|style="background-color:#D50000"|
|align=left|Frol Ananyin
|align=left|Communists and Working Russia - for the Soviet Union
|
|9.20%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Stanislav Labetsky
|align=left|Independent
|
|9.01%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Gennady Pugachev
|align=left|Our Home – Russia
|
|8.70%
|-
|style="background-color:#FE4801"|
|align=left|Gennady Bessonov
|align=left|Pamfilova-Gurov-Lysenko
|
|6.68%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Pavel Isayev
|align=left|Independent
|
|5.05%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksandr Kiselnikov
|align=left|Independent
|
|4.71%
|-
|style="background-color:#F5A222"|
|align=left|Leonid Agafonov
|align=left|Interethnic Union
|
|4.12%
|-
|style="background-color:#959698"|
|align=left|Anatoly Stolbov
|align=left|Derzhava
|
|3.86%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksandr Zhuravkov
|align=left|Independent
|
|3.26%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Nikolay Mikheyev
|align=left|Independent
|
|1.39%
|-
|style="background-color:#000000"|
|colspan=2 |against all
|
|16.90%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total
|
| 100%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="4" |Source:
|
|}
1999
|-
! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Party
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Galina Strelchenko
|align=left|Unity
|
|15.71%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksey Glazkov
|align=left|Independent
|
|15.69%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Ivan Anichkin (incumbent)
|align=left|Independent
|
|14.76%
|-
|style="background-color:#3B9EDF"|
|align=left|Nadezhda Azarova
|align=left|Fatherland – All Russia
|
|8.02%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Svetlana Smolentseva
|align=left|Communist Party
|
|7.78%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Sergey Kretov
|align=left|Independent
|
|7.47%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Boris Konovalov
|align=left|Yabloko
|
|7.12%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Vladimir Ivankov
|align=left|Independent
|
|5.80%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Yevgeny Gavrilov
|align=left|Independent
|
|1.57%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Sergey Nacharov
|align=left|Independent
|
|1.42%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Georgy Tolmachev
|align=left|Independent
|
|1.28%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Olga Frolova
|align=left|Independent
|
|0.35%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Yevgeny Kulmanov
|align=left|Independent
|
|0.23%
|-
|style="background-color:#000000"|
|colspan=2 |against all
|
|11.00%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total
|
| 100%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="4" |Source:
|
|}
2003
|-
! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Candidate
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" |Party
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Svyatoslav Nastashevsky
|align=left|Independent
|
|24.28%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Eduard Kozhemyakin
|align=left|United Russia
|
|12.44%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksandr Lyulko
|align=left|Rodina
|
|11.86%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Sergey Klestov
|align=left|Communist Party
|
|11.81%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Galina Strelchenko (incumbent)
|align=left|Independent
|
|6.98%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Ivan Anichkin
|align=left|Independent
|
|4.94%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Igor Gavrilenko
|align=left|Yabloko
|
|2.98%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Vladislav Tiunov
|align=left|Liberal Democratic Party
|
|2.69%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Gennady Bessonov
|align=left|Independent
|
|1.93%
|-
|style="background:#1042A5"|
|align=left|Yury Kuvshinov
|align=left|Union of Right Forces
|
|1.91%
|-
|style="background:#00A1FF"|
|align=left|Irina Radzivilo
|align=left|Party of Russia's Rebirth-Russian Party of Life
|
|0.61%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Stanislav Dasmanov
|align=left|Russian Party of Labour
|
|0.50%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Aleksandr Stepanenko
|align=left|Independent
|
|0.48%
|-
|style="background-color:#7C73CC"|
|align=left|Nikolay Marzan
|align=left|Great Russia – Eurasian Union
|
|0.47%
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|align=left|Vladimir Davidenko
|align=left|Independent
|
|0.15%
|-
|style="background-color:#000000"|
|colspan=2 |against all
|
|13.85%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total
|
| 100%
|-
| colspan="5" style="background-color:#E9E9E9;"|
|- style="font-weight:bold"
| colspan="4" |Source:
|
|}
References
Obsolete Russian legislative constituencies
Politics of Novosibirsk Oblast | [
101,
1996,
23564,
6767,
5104,
3683,
2100,
5540,
1006,
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1012,
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Frederick William Kettle (5 February 1875 – 3 March 1951) was an English footballer, who played as a goalkeeper. Kettle spent most of his career at local amateur side Harwich & Parkeston, with whom he reached the final of the FA Amateur Cup in 1899, but he spent one season as a professional, with the then reigning FA Cup holders Sheffield United, as a backup to William "Fatty" Foulke. Kettle began his footballing career in Gibraltar, being stationed there for two years with the Royal Engineers, before returning home and being signed by Harwich & Parkeston. After a season at Sheffield United, Kettle intended to re-sign for his hometown club as an amateur, but as his application failed, he could not play amateur football, and missed the 1900–01 season altogether. He later played for Colchester amateur side Colchester Crown.
Kettle was born at the town of Dovercourt, near Harwich, in Essex, and died there at the age of 76.
References
1875 births
1951 deaths
Footballers from Essex
English footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Harwich & Parkeston F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players | [
101,
5406,
2520,
22421,
1006,
1019,
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2019,
2394,
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2209,
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1037,
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Lali Gulisashvili (; ; 10 April 1955 – 28 January 2022) was a Georgian poet, teacher and philologist.
Life and career
Gulisashvili was born in the village of Giorgitsminda, Sagarejo Municipality, Georgia on 10 April 1955. She graduated from Tbilisi State University in 1977 as a philologist, and earned a PhD in philology.
Her verses were published in the newspaper Tbilisi State University and other periodical editions from 1972. She was also an author of four poetic collections. Gulisashvili's poems were turned into songs for the film Iavnana (1994), directed by Nana Janelidze. These songs became hits on social networks.
Gulisashvili died in Tbilisi in January 2022, at the age of 66.
Books
I Go To The Sky Through The Fog, Poems, 2020,
To My Son, Poems, Siesta Publishing, 2018
Prayer For Spring, Poems, Merani Publishing, 1989
Coming Back To The Old House, Poems, Merani Publishing, 1985
Literary prizes and awards
Honor Medal, awarded by the President of Georgia by the decree N573 on 31 August 1996
References
Sources
Gulisašvili, Lali
Lali Gulisashvili on The Biographical Dictionary of Georgia
1955 births
2022 deaths
20th-century women writers from Georgia (country)
20th-century writers from Georgia (country)
21st-century women writers from Georgia (country)
21st-century writers from Georgia (country)
People from Kakheti
Poets from Georgia (country)
Philologists from Georgia (country)
Women poets from Georgia (country)
Tbilisi State University alumni
Women writers from Georgia (country)
Writers from Georgia (country) | [
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21348,
2072,
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21661,
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2258,
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The special effects of the 1990 action film Total Recall were developed by visual effects company Dream Quest Images, with contributions by Stetson Visual Services, Metrolight Studios, and Industrial Light & Magic. Over 100 visual effects, including miniatures and bluescreen effects, were produced for the film, which relied almost entirely on practical effects at a time when computer-generated imagery was a new and rarely used technique.
Overview
The special effects for Total Recall were provided by Dream Quest Images with Eric Brevig serving as the visual effects supervisor, Alex Funke as the special effects photographer, Thomas L. Fisher as special effects supervisor, production designer William Sandell. and effects producer Mary Siceloff. Rob Bottin, who previously worked with Verhoeven on RoboCop, provided the character visual effects. Additional effects were provided by Stetson Visual Services, Metrolight Studios, and Industrial Light & Magic. Senior matte artist Robert Scifo and his team at Dream Quest team produced forty-eight matte paintings for the film, including all of the Martian skies.
Total Recall features over 100 visual effects, including miniatures and bluescreen effects, which Verhoeven used because he wanted to be able to move his camera freely around the sets to make them seem more real. Visual effects plates in VistaVision, that was because as you go through the optical process at every step you lose and lose quality so its best to start with the biggest possible negative. The film was made at the onset of CGI and so it was not a suitable option for photorealistic or textured imagery and so practical effects were primarily employed. A spaceship approaching Mars could have been attempted in CGI but it was easier to perform using miniatures and motion control.
Dream Quest designed a motion control rig that used a precision steel ladder belt encased in plastic. The track was attached to the "Omega driver", effectively a large sprocket attached to the dolly that it runs over. It offered real-time motion control over forty-eight feet of track plus camera orientation options controlled from a console and could record aspects like velocity. The information recorded during motion control could be transferred to a separate motion control rig to replicate the necessary movements and angles for complimentary miniature work. Once live-action footage was recorded, the miniatures had to be filmed from precise angles and motions to replicate the live-action footage. The crew also had to replicate 40-foot crane shots on a miniature. To this end, encoders were attached to a typical filming crane to recort positions and movements. The encoders were supplemented by cameras set up at specific points to film the crane's motions.
Concept artist Ron Cobb worked on Total Recall from its earliest iterations after completing his work on Alien. He conceived of the futuristic Los Angeles as an immense coastal park featuring fountains, sunken gardens, and solar collectors. He described it as a tranquil location in which people sailed, rode horses, and biked. A different version portrayed the city after a severe earthquake, in which the buildings were now hanging upside down underground on shock absorbers to negate future quakes. At ground level, citizens would enter a one-story slab and take an elevator down to the main buildings. Other features included electromagnetic cars and dirigibles carrying modular housing. Cobb's Mars was a cold, tough, and vast desert with horses and camels wearing pressure suits. He also contributed designs for VTOL aircraft. Illustrator Ron Miller also worked on the Martian landscape. He wanted a plausible city and iterated dozens of concepts for domed habitats built into craters and canyons. He also conceived ideas for a Martian hotel, how transportation would work, and the types of vehicles that would be used. He wanted the designs to be scientifically realistic and plausible, but also visually interesting.
Concepts for the Martian setting were intended to realistically recreate the location. However, a more cinematic vision was used because a realistic recreation would require people walking on the planet's surface to hop like astronauts on the moon, and according to Brevig "a true depiction of the Martian sky would not have the majesty or mystery that we were working for." Scenes of people experiencing physical decompression when exposed to the Martian surface would also suffocate and die rather than suffer the extreme physical distortions present in the film.
Creature effects and prosthetics
Bottin had previously been asked to work on the film while it was being developed by De Laurentiis, but he chose to work on the horror film The Thing (1982). When developing the creature effects for the film, Verhoeven wanted to avoid the same criticism he had received for the violent and gore effects of RoboCop. He and Bottin agreed to focus more on malforming and stretching flesh instead of blood. Even so, over 3,000 blood packs were used in the film. Many of the more complex makeup effects were filmed during post-production. Bottin and his studio were responsible for the various creature effects.
Decompression scenes
To depict the effects of decompressive exposure to the Martian atmosphere, Bottin made molds of Schwarzenegger, Ticotin, and Cox, by applying latex to their faces as they made various exaggerated and contorted expressions. The resulting molds were used to create masks, to which Bottin added small air pockets which could be injected with air to further distort their features. In designing the masks, Bottin said "If the eyes are going to come out and the tongue is going to come out, how does it come out? Does it come out and fall down? Does it come out and move? Does it twist? Does it go up and lick the eyebrows? Does it fall down to the stomach? How does the neck move if the tongue is doing that? What are we going to do with the eyes if the tongue and neck are in the way?"
Four heads were made, one each for Schwarzenegger and Ticotin and two for Cox. The former were fully articulated with manually operated cables controlling swelling tongues, foreheads, and cheeks, and swelling eyes. The eyes had sculpted musculature and tendons attached to the back and were lubricated to let them slide out of the sockets easily. Additionally, instead of using air bladders to swell sections of the heads, full-size head and torso shaped bladders were constructed and stretched out over an underlying mechanical skeleton, which were in turn covered with smaller air bladders at specific points, which Bottin believed made the bladders appear to be "fighting each other." For one of the Cox heads, rigid veins were laid in the mold and floated on pins, making the finished mask display veins beneath the surface when the skin stretched. The other head had a protruding tongue and eyes that emerged fully from the head. All of the air bladders were inflated by people blowing into pipes because this gave a more natural movement than using mechanical bellows. Bottin's crew studied video footage of the actors' faces and movements to better replicate their natural movements, and the heads were further enhanced with miniature motors, cables, springs, and rubber muscles for movement. On set, the heads were mounted on mechanical bars that created the impression of the subject sitting up towards the camera. Bottin expected the effect to appear only briefly and was surprised by how frequently it was used in the film. The hairstyle for Cox's character came about from him having to slick his hair back for the molds to be made. He had already completed two days of filming but he convinced Verhoeven to re-film the scenes with the new hairstyle.
Mutants
Bottin described designing the mutants as "fun" because he could apply any ideas he wanted, but he attempted to retain some realism to avoid endorsing the events of the film as either a dream or reality. An entire civilization of mutants was planned with each displaying a different physical deformity but the idea was unaffordable.
The mother and daughter mutants used prosthetic makeup while Tony, as a more central character, was given a greater degree of detail that could be seen from any camera angle. For the three-breasted prostitute, Bottin needed someone with a slender physique that would not make applying the prosthetic breasts difficult. Achieving the correct sizing for the prosthetics took several attempts to make it believably fit on the actress's chest. Bottin wanted them to look like real flesh and react to gravity. The three-breasted prostitute was intended to have four-breasts, but feedback said she looked like a bovine ready to be milked, and it was not sexy. Schwarzenegger had suggested four breasts with larger ones over smaller ones based on medical pictures he had seen but Bottin believed it was too realistic and three breasts fit more with the film's style.
Benny was intended to have a mechanical extremity but Johnson said he suggested giving the character three arms. A half-body cast was built, covering Johnson from his waist to his neck, allowing puppeteers to control the triple-elbowed limb. It was designed with separated bones and open spaces to make it visually impossible for a human arm to be inside and operating it. For the character's death, Johnson wore a bodysuit lined with blood squibs. The scene was filmed with and without blood in case it was deemed too excessively violent; the producers went with the bloodless take.
Bottin's original designs for Kuato involved him being small and growing out of George's head, but he did not like the result, and an extremely "monstrous" concept conflicted with his design philosophy. He decided to design the creature as an intelligent baby. Kuato was built into a full-body prosthetic worn by Bell that began under his chin and extended below his waist. It was worn with a parachute harness to help support the weight of all the cables necessary for the fifteen puppeteers to operate Kuato's arms and head. Bell was also cast for a full-body prosthetic at Bottin's studio in Azusa. When worn, it began under his chin and extended below his waist. It was worn with a parachute harness to help support the weight of all the cables necessary for the fifteen puppeteers to operate Kuato's arms and head. He spent up to nine hours in makeup his first day of filming in the prostheses, although the time was shortened as the method was refined, but he was left exhausted. The apparatus also made it impossible for Bell to urinate so he requested a hole be cut into the foam where it would not be visible.
Although some of the Kuato scenes were shot during principal photography, including his initial reveal and Schwarzenegger holding his hands, the remainder, including all dialogue scenes, were shot in post-production using an animatronic Bell. Verhoeven was hesitant to use an animatronic, particularly because they could use Bell himself, but Bottin believed that in removing anything real from the scene it would make the overall effect more believable. After seeing test footage, Verhoeven was convinced to trust Bottin because he could not distinguish it from the real Bell. However, he wanted a shot of George walking towards Quaid while Kuato is talking. To accomplish this, Bottin's crew built a cart that could move the body up and down as it rolled forward, simulating walking.
The mechanical Bell featured an articulated head with jaw mechanisms and rolling eyes, and its head could move at various angles. It was given a set of bellows to simulate breathing, and Kuato had a separate set to show them breathing independently of each other. The arms of both puppets moved via a slave mechanism operated by a single puppeteer. Kuato's eyebrows were controlled by a computer while his eyes were operated by a wireless remote. Even so, the George and Kuato puppets required fifteen to twenty manual operators. To make Kuato speak, the servo motors in its mouth were linked to a computer that allowed it to approximate the appropriate shapes for each vowel and consonate. The limitations of the computer system meant that individual pieces of dialogue could not be spliced together, each segment had to be recorded and performed at the same time. Although alternate voice actors were considered, Verhoeven and Bottin believed that Kuato should have a similar vocal timbre and pitch as Bell, so chose him to voice Kuato.
Other prosthetics
When Quaid removes the tracker from his skull, Bottin believed that only a mechanical head could make the stunt work. His crew cast Schwarzenegger's head, took extensive measurements and reference photos and began construction of the mechanical head, however, once Bottin received the onset footage, the tracker looked like a "silver bullet" that would easily fit into Schwarzenegger's nose and did not warrant an elaborate special effects head. After studying the footage, Bottin determined to have Quaid extract something much larger from his nose, contracting a separate company to build a spherical device that would house the small silver tracker. The head was built with a sophisticated jaw and neck mechanism, a tongue that could move and change shape, and it could appear to breathe and shake. The scene was filmed at a shuttered glass factory in Saugus, Santa Clarita, California. The spherical tracker was channeled through the puppet's nasal passage while a high-powered laser beam a few feet away was aimed at the device to illuminate it. The sphere then opens, revealing the smaller silver tracker, which was married to the Schwarzenegger footage.
For the climactic battle between Quaid and Richter on an elevator, Richter's arms being severed proved difficult for Bottin's crew. The producers did not want to use a false elevator and planned to film the scene using a portable elevator suspended in the air. Bottin determined it was too dangerous for Ironside and had a cage built and welded to the elevator's side so Ironside could stand within it instead of hanging from the edge, with handles to hold on to. Urethane hands and false arms with metal skeletons and ball sockets in the elbows and shoulders were affixed to sockets attached to Ironside's shoulders. These were controlled by a quick release valve triggered by an electric switch on the elevator. When activated, the elbow joints detached. The arms were durable to withstand Schwarzenegger pulling at them. The timing was precise to allow Ironside to get down far enough to avoid being injured himself. The wall that severs the arms was eventually replaced with styrofoam in case it did actually hit Ironside. As the scene moves to show Richter falling, separate shoulder pad mechanisms were made that caused the artificial stumps to flail.
"Fat lady"
When Quaid arrives on Mars he employs a female disguise, portrayed by Priscilla Allen and credited as "Fat lady". In the original script, when Quaid is watching Hauser's video on Earth, he is instructed how to use a device that is placed over his head and once activated would shoot out steam before opening to reveal a newly fabricated mask. Bottin did not like this concept because he believed it was derivative of the Mission: Impossible television series. He conceived of a fully mechanical disguise but was unsure how to realize it. Verhoeven was similarly uncertain but said that he was convinced by Bottin's enthusiasm and argument that audiences needed to see something original. After about four weeks of Bottin experimenting with the idea, Verhoeven thought the antagonists would just attack Quaid on sight, so Bottin conceived of the mask being a bomb.
The difficult aspect was finding an actress large enough to believably contain Schwarzenegger's frame. They looked at wrestlers and bodybuilders before finding Allen. She portrays the Fat Lady character in opening scenes, appearing to malfunction by contorting her face and slurring her speech. Despite her frame, her head was too small to fit over Schwarzeneggers. To solve this, the cast of her head had to be repeatedly sculpted larger, but this raised issues with the mask's features lining up with Schwarzenegger's. Despite this increase in size, the mask was still not large enough to contain all the necessary mechanisms for it to split apart on camera.
Four heads were constructed but there was still insufficient room for the splitting effect mechanisms and Bottin accepted the mechanisms would have to be on the outside. The masks were cut into sections with a customer blade to ensure the separation was as fine as possible. After a few days the plastic began to warp. Reconstructed it out of fibreglass although the cut pieces still warped. To prevent this they eventually enforced it with solid steel coated in laminated resin before it was cut. Even so, they still warped slightly after several days but persevered as long as the warping was not too bad. What had begun as a lightweight mask was now a 20 ib piece of metal and resin so it was decided Schwarzenegger should not be inside it at all so began working on a mechanical Schwarzenegger. After creating a bodycast of Allen it was found that it would not fit Schwarzenegger either so her body cast had to be enlarged in scale with the head. The result was described by Bottin as "ridiculously big" and that when Schwarzenegger castings were inside it looked like "Beetlejuice after the headhunter shrank his head." Even so, by getting the camera in close enough, the difference in scale was not as apparent.
Eliminating the live performer opened up new options. The mechanisms would be concealed on the back of the Fat lady head, making the mask now nearer 50 ib in weight. Linear bearings were used for the mechanisms but they weighed more than anticipated and brought the final mask design to 70 ib, and the mechanism was so large the mask could only be shot from head on.
Bottin shot test footage of the effect showing a hydraulic hose lifting the Fat lady head above its giant-scale body to reveal the Schwarzenegger within. Though he wanted to do it in two separate shots, one for the opening of the head and another for it closing, because he shot it in one Verhoeven wanted to also do it that way. However, in the test footage the segments had not lined up exactly and Bottin had wanted to do the head-closing shot in reverse to make it look perfect. On set it worked well, controlled by an operator with a push-pull system for each linear bearing for each slice of the head and children's clay was used to fill in any gaps in the starting position. There were issues with the bearing bending slightly from the weight of the mask when it was open, and the back of the Schwarzenegger head had to be cut open to fit the mechanisms within, but the mask went back together well, completing the final effect.
Johnny cab
Designed as a parody of McDonald's, the Johnny cab service is a chain of cheap futuristic taxis driven by generic automatons that are polite and cheerful. Bottin and Verhoeven conceived the idea based on Jonny Cat cat litter. The automaton was designed to resemble an all-American 1950s gas station attendant. Bottin re-used a face mold he had made of Robert Picardo for the science fantasy film Explorers (1985) for the driver and recommended Picardo for the voice. At his audition, Picardo suggested the character make a joke about Schwarzenegger's Austrian accent, but Verhoeven said "We don't do that with Arnold."
Verhoeven wanted the drivers to look imperfect, as if they had been damaged by their passengers over time. Three models were built, one for dialogue scenes that was mostly computer-controlled, including the eyes, mouth, and tongue with a sophisticated neck that moved like a ventriloquist's dummy. The other two were less complex: one built for Schwarzenegger's character to rip out of the taxi, and another for when it's head spins uncontrollably with sparks and strobe light effects for when it explodes. All Johnny Cab scenes were shot on set in Mexico. The models were controlled by cables and computer mechanisms used to manipulate its various motions. The taxi itself was designed by Cobb.
Visual effects
Holograms
Verhoeven did not want the hologram effects to appear "slick". Different approaches were used for the low-tech versions such as the tennis instructor and high-tech versions such as the ones used by Quaid to deceive his enemies. For the tennis instructor, the actress was filmed against a bluescreen and the effect was further enhanced by rephotographing the footage using a rolling bar raster effect by bi-packing the rolling bar element while filming the performer. The footage not within the raster area was double exposed to make it brighter. When Lori (Sharon Stone) does not match the instructor it flashes red. A five-frame red filtered exposure was made of a black and white version of the footage for this effect. Ripple glass was used to distort the footage for when Schwarzenegger walks through it.
So the high-tech holograms appeared smoother, linescreens and ripple glass were only added when they were disturbed. For subsequent scenes using Quaid's high-tech hologram watch, Schwarzenegger was filmed using a dolly on the left side of the screen using a motion control dolly on film and video. The footage was then played back in sync with the motion control move and Schwarzenegger repeated his own movements on the right side of the frame. When the hologram dissolves, Schwarzenegger was filmed against a bluescreen and the animation department used a line pattern and ripple glass effect to "de-rez" him.
X-ray machine
The train station fluoroscope X-ray scanner effect was led by Tim McGovern and his team, including George Karl, Rich Cowen, and Tom Hutchinson. The scanner, built on location at Churubusco Studios, was a – ramp with a long and tall piece of black tempered-glass at the front. Verhoeven did not want to focus on the complex effect, believing the sequence was more effective if it was shown in an offhand manner.
Stop motion and computer generated imagery (CGI) were considered for animating the x-ray skeletons, but Brevig and McGovern preferred using motion capture, a then cutting-edge technology used primarily for analyzing golf swings. Six to eight cameras were positioned around the set, and at the entrance and exit to the X-ray machine were positioned calibration bars that focused the capture system on an exclusive area. Schwarzenegger was asked to wear tight black clothing on which white reference balls could be affixed to capture his movements. However, he arrived in white clothes and refused to change them. A motion capture expert assisting the project deemed the resulting capture footage sufficient, but after weeks of attempts to contact them, the expert revealed the cast's captured movements were unclear. In Schwarzenegger's case, the reference balls were positioned too close together on his larger frame and the software could not discern each individually. The expert could provide only a limited cyclical motion as a result. McGovern believed this was insufficient as it would be unrealistic for someone with recognizable movements like Schwarzenegger to move in a stunted, repetitive way.
In case the capture failed, Brevig had cut holes in the back of the set and used cames with wide-angle lenses to capture the case movements from the reverse side. The method switched to CGI following a presentation by Metrolight on their intended approach using keyframe animation alongside Brevig's footage as a reference. He believed it would be an "exciting" way to realize the effect. This represented the only CGI used in the film. McGovern's team performed multiple tests before deciding on the blue-green color for the skeletons. To create the skeletal images, Metrolight digitized a database of real skeletons, creating an image similar to "magnetic resonance imagery." Additionally, they digitized plastic skeletons molded from human skeletons. The dog skeleton was created using a timber wolf skeleton borrowed from the Page Museum at the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles. After the conclusion of principal photography, Metrolight used some motion capture for the principal actors, putting them in black leotards with white reference points on their main joints. For scenes without reference footage, McGovern used his experience in keyframe animation from television adverts to salvage some of the original motion capture data.
The finished effect comprised 11 different shots that were forwarded to Dream Quest to integrate into the live-action footage. Combining the effect with the footage took several passes through the optical printer, but each successive pass risked degrading the resulting image quality with scratches and airborne detritus. Determined to improve the quality, McGovern and his producer George Merkt wanted to start the process over with clean effects shots and footage and offered to fund the process themselves because the budget had already been spent. McGovern said visual effects producer B.J. Rack was touched by their gesture, and approved their request with additional funding.
Two takes were performed using high-speed cameras as a stuntman, standing in as Quaid, leapt through the X-ray machine glass; explosives were used to shatter the glass just before the stuntman made contact. Metrolight found it difficult to animate his movements exactly leading up to the jump.
Sets and vehicles
Sets
Construction of the film's sets began in January 1989. Total Recall features thirty-five sets across eight of Estudios Churubusco's soundstages. Once filming on a set was concluded, it was broken down to make space for the next. The sets were expansive and connected by tunnels so long that they continued outside of the stage, making it was possible to drive between them in the futuristic vehicles. Verhoeven preferred filming scenes in single or long takes and it was possible to begin filming on one set and follow the cast all the way through to the next. This setup often involved up to 400 cast and crew members to accomplish. Cox described filming as feeling like a low-budget film because of how much of the budget was being invested into the sets.
The scene of Schwarzenegger and Ticotin entering the reactor was filmed on Stage 7 and 8. The reactor bridge, described as "the plank" was mounted to scaffolding and one end and left open on the other, in front of which a x backlit bluescreen was suspended. Schwarzenegger and Ticotin were greased and sprayed with sweat by a worker but Verhoeven told them off because these additions were incompatible with blue screen filming and the duo were toweled off. Actors walked towards the edge as music played in the background; Verhoeven sometimes played music for the actors to heighten their emotions. Fluorescent green lights positioned below for glow.
Verhoeven wanted Total Recall to look like it was filmed on location, which required several exterior sequences without actual exterior locations. A full-scale segment of Maritan landscape set was built approximately high by and that Brevig described as "little more than a patch with this little ridge of red rock." Despite its scale, it was not large enough to capture the vast exteriors Verhoeven wanted, but it was re-used for any scene of actors walking on Mars' surface. It was enhanced using matte painting backgrounds and forced perspective miniatures created by Stetson. Blending the effects required extensive experimentation. Funke described how the details of the miniatures, such as the size of the sand grains or pebbles used, affected how realistic the whole visual looked together. It also involved using the correct contrast and color. Like the main Mars set, the miniatures like canyon walls and mountains were reused extensively to lower the production cost and would be redressed with various pieces to create a new vistas.
Quaid's arrival at the Mars Hilton hotel was shot using a wide-angle lens and a motion control pan. The set features a large window beyond which is the Martian landscape. The visual was created using a by bluescreen rig. Making the shot work was difficult as the bluescreen needed to be lit but be far enough away from the interior lighting so as not to reflect it. As natural light was not coming from the window the hotel had to be lit from the side of the footage. However, the shiny floors and accessories of the set would pick up blue light reflections. The blue light could not be removed in post-production because the areas would appear black, so the blue reflections were turned red using rotoscoped mattes. Funke described the reflections as "something you don't see but which has to be there to sell the illusion. The blue screen footage only appears briefly in the scene because Verhoeven did not want to make the special effects the focus of the scene. The technique was similarly used for Cohaagen's office. Brevig and Funke found it difficult to match the wide-angle lens distortion for the miniature landscape footage. The Venusville bar was designed by William Sandell to look hard and metallic, like a classic western saloon akin to the Last Chance Saloon "at the end of the universe," but with video screens displaying pastoral scenes of Earth.
For the scene in which Richter and Helm pursue Quaid and Melina to a balcony from the hotel, only the balcony and a small section of the scaffolding Quaid and Melina jump to was constructed. However, they were both filmed in alternate locations: the balcony viewed toward a bluescreen, while Schwarzenegger and Ticotin were filmed in front of a bluescreen. The footage was composited together with miniatures and matte backgrounds. The pair's stunt doubles jumped off the balcony onto a large airbag in front of a 20ft by 40foot bluescreen. It had to be lit from behind because it otherwise risked the stunt people jumping into the lights. Following this, the pair descend a ladder. This was dubbed the "ladder of death" because of the motion control rig being used for the camera filming them. Its tracks were mounted almost vertically and the camera had to be counterweighted with a trash can full of sand manned by several grips to prevent it lifting off the track. The unmanned camera was then lowered slowly while the pan and tilt were operated remotely.
To convey explosive decompression when Richter shoots out the window of the spaceport, the cast were manipulated by wired, and concealed support poles. The effect was further enhanced with wind machines and debris. Verhoeven was concerned about a later scene in the alien reactor where Schwarzenegger, Cox, and Tictotin are blown out to the surface because he could see the wires pulling the trio by hip harnesses in close up shots, but for wide shots removing any visible wires would be difficult and costly. To complete the effect, the set was rebuilt vertically. The producers said it was unaffordable but there was no other way to accomplish the stunt without wires. The camera was positioned on its side so that when the trio let go and fell, they appeared to be pulled backward.
One of the final shots, depicting the colonists emerging across the surface of Mars combined numerous front- and rear-projected elements, matte paintings, and other aspects front projected onto pieces of Strathmore paper. About 17 elements in total and took 28 hours to film because of all the color separation passes for each element. When showing the martian residents leaving the colonies most of the people appear in silhouette and were extras drafted from the Dream Quest staff. In the film's final scene, rays of sunlight beaming through the clouds were added by the animation department. They used grain-of-wheat bulbs and filmed them in one hundred second exposures with a filter.
Vehicles
The Martian taxis were functional Volkswagen chassis with two working steering wheels, making turning difficult. Three vehicles were built to be driven by stunt drivers, but the driver lacked experience controlling the unconventional vehicles, resulting in them being wrecked. By mistake, Johnson had arrived in Churubusco a few weeks before filming was to begin, and had used the time to learn to operate the vehicles so he performed the stunts himself. The filmmakers were worried about Schwarzenegger being injured without a professional driver in control, but the actor insisted on traveling with Johnson and the stunts were a success.
The "Winnebago"-sized mole drilling machine was designed by Cobb with conceptual artist Steve Burg. Alternately described as being built on a Toyota or Volkswagen chassis, Burg said that when the practical mole arrived on set "nobody was pleased with the way it looked." The exterior needed to be modified for filming within two days. Burg developed a new concept sketch in fifteen minutes. The mole was effectively a plywood box built over the vehicle chassis, and set decorator Bobby Gould had various suitcase-sized injection-molded plastic pieces that were screwed onto the plywood frame. Time limitations meant the designers focused on the top, right-side, and back, which would be visible on camera. Scenic artist George Hanson assisted with several techniques he knew for making pieces appear aged or weathered with paint, including a roofing compound, talcum powder, and acetone, all done in three hours. The shooting schedule was eventually delayed, giving some more time to finesse different parts such as the drilling bits.
Vermiculite rocks and Fuller's earth were thrown at the drill by stagehands when it was in motion, but the complex gear system lacked strength and the heavier rocks occasionally jammed the drill bits. During the scene in which the mole drills into the wall between Schwarzenegger and Ticotin, the wall was built around the drill so that as it reversed it would then fall, creating the opening the protagonists later use, but a heavy piece fell on Ticotin's head; she was stunned but uninjured and the footage was used in the film.
Miniatures
All of the film's miniatures were produced by Stetson in Los Angeles, and supervised by Mark Stetson and Robert Spurlock. To create a believable depth of field—the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects in the image—the miniatures were filmed with a long exposure, meaning five seconds of footage could take several hours to shoot. Because of this, miniatures were set up and being filmed while principal photography took place in Mexico. Once Verhoeven's completed filming, he often visited Stetson to give feedback for adjustments to the models.
Mars
The miniature sets were built in forced perspective to create the illusion of an endless landscape but this made it difficult to keep the image in focus and the resulting footage was too sharp. This sharpness made it difficult to realistically blend the miniature with a matte sky. Funke called it one of the most arduous tasks, comparing it to the film Damnation Alley (1977) which he described as "one of the most disastrous effects films of all time." To solve the problem, the scenes were filmed twice: one normally, with an illuminated matte sky against the darkened horizon, and the other with a faint cover of smoke that, when combined, softened the joining edge between the matte and miniature.
Brevig and his team found it difficult to portray a landscape without an atmosphere because normal methods of disguising flaws in the miniature, such as smoke could not be used. The landscape had to be visually sharp and have gradation from the foreground to the back to create a realistic scale. Most landscape miniatures were twenty to thirty-five feet deep and trapezoid in shape, with the narrowest edge closest to the camera. Some sets could be up to 65 to 70 feet wide, generally about a 1/200 scale. They were constructed using chicken wire for shape and covered with old carpet before model maker George Trimmer dressed them in fine sand and red mortar dye. The canyon floor was not intended to be shown but needed to be deep so the model was built 6 ft off the ground.
The individual sections of sets had to be small enough to fit on 8 ft wide trucks for transportation to Dream Quest. Up to fifteen Martian landscapes were built in total, most of which were segmented up and rearranged to be reused in different settings. The Hilton hotel model was about 20 inches tall, made up of plexiglass and lights. The models incorporated several moving items to heighten then realism and prevent the sets appearing static. For instance the view of the Hilton from Cohaagen's office includes cranes, elevators, and trains, while the reverse angle from the Hilton includes the same elements relocated to the other side. Moving live-action shots, such as following Cohaagen as he moves around his office in front of the Martian backdrop, had to be matched in the miniature footage. A motion control track used during live filming would record the movements of the camera so this could be replicated by cameras filming the miniature.
Quaid's shuttle arriving at the Mars spaceport was one of the first miniature effects filmed. The craft was three and a half foot square with interactive lighting and a quartz engine. It's exhaust trail created in animation with ripple glass. When it lands, Bluescreen elements of workers were added in the foreground to enhance the scale plus trains and lights in the surrounding area. Funke planned the subsequent train ride, one of the film's most elaborate shots based on the ending of In the Heat of the Night (1967), which begins on a closeup of Sidney Poitier riding away on a train before the image pulls back and rises up. From the inside of the train set, the Martian exterior shown through the window combined four different layers each moving at a different pace to create the correct speed and depth. Reverse forced perspective was used, moving from smaller objects to the largest, so the mountain miniature set and foreground rocks, appearing to be in the distance, are closest to the window. A motion control track installed around the camera was used to move signage and poles, creating a blurry effect that implied speed.
The exterior of the train was produced in miniature on the Martian sets. Verhoeven wanted to linger on the train before pulling away and so the animation does not start until the camera begins pulling back. The seemingly single-shot combines footage shot months apart. The train begins on a 1/126 set before the scene switches to a separate, different 1/12 scale set featuring the colony, the change concealed by a foreground matte effect. A 60-foot motion control track was used to capture the scene which helped manage the switch between each element. As the camera pulls away, Schwarzenegger and other cast are shown within the train. Two small projectors built for The Abyss (1989) were used to project Schwarzenegger and other passengers from inside the train. Funke knew the individual techniques would work for the overall effect, but was concerned about combining them.
Alien reactor
The alien reactor cavern, conceived as a large ice cave lined with immense reactor rods, was a combination of miniatures and matte paintings. The miniature was one of the largest and most complex sets ever constructed in cinema, and the largest set built for the film. The Stetson crew spent a couple of months debating whether to build it horizontally or vertically, eventually settling on the latter because it was the only way it could fit on Dream Quest's stage. Even so, it was limited by the 25 ft high ceilings. The set was built between 1/72 scale and HO scale, measuring about 12 ft wide, 25 ft high, and 35 ft–65 ft deep (different figures are cited), with 8 ft long reactor columns. The weight of the miniature often risked causing it to sag.
Brevig considered the "mind probe" sequence, in which Kuato views Quaid's memories of the reactor, to be among the most difficult to film, and it took three weeks to set up. Appearing as a single take, the scene was accomplished with cuts to multiple miniature environments concealed by fast camera movement. It was not possible to use the single miniature because the camera needed to look down and up, and the set had no roof. As the camera moves into an excavation site, the footage transitions to a separate set with a ceiling, and to a different miniature containing reactor rods. The ice cave was difficult to design because the ice needed to appear shiny but because the camera was moving all around the set it was difficult to conceal all the necessary lighting. Instead, small practical lights were dotted around to illuminate smaller parts of the ice. Mike Bigelow custom-built a Mitchell Camera as small as possible on the end of a tiny pan, tilt, and roll head to fit within the set. Even so, there was less than 1/4" clearance between the camera and columns.
As the camera moves beyond the reactor rods it passes a bridge on which Cohaagen and Richter are walking. The bridge miniature was one 1 and 3/8" wide while the towers holding the bridge were 6" on each side. A larger bridge model was made because they could not film close enough to the miniature to seamlessly blend it with the live-action footage. Only two segments were built full scale, a ladder climbed by Quaid and Melina, and a narrow walk bridge to which it is connected. The bridge footage, showing Cohaagen, Richter, and other characters walking into the reactor, was filmed in Mexico from the highest point the location crew could find; a water tower on the Churubusco lot. This was rear-projected onto the bridge model. Brevig said the live-action aspect was essential to conveying the scale of the reactor and making the location believable.
For Quaid's and Richter's elevator fight, Verhoeven wanted it to be lit "cathedral-like." About three hundred 12-volt brake light bulbs were wrapped in half-blue color gels and mounted on magnets so they could be positioned anywhere on the miniature set. Following Richter's defeat, Schwarzenegger was filmed in a full-scale elevator against a bluescreen. Three different scale models were used, depicting the elevator attached to a column, surrounded by other columns, and the tops of the columns, finished with a matte painting ceiling. A wide shot of the elevator moving towards the reactor activation room was entirely a matte painting with a small image of Schwarzenegger front projected onto a piece of Strathmore paper which had a "flawless" matte surface to keep the brightness of the projected image constant despite the camera angle changing. To create the correct perspective, Schwarzenegger leaned back at a 20-degree angle suspended by a steel cable.
Activating the reactor
The activation of the reactor involved three different miniatures at 1/96, 1/24(1/32), and 1/8 scale. The initial wide shot of the columns beginning to move downwards re-used segments of the "mind probe" set. The rods were about 3/4 inch in diameter.
Making the descending rods was difficult because they needed to appear to be glowing hot but they were only 3" in diameter in the 1/24 scale and there was no practical method to light them internally. They were wrapped in retroreflective sheeting painted with a corrosion texture. Bigelow filmed the scenes and front projected an orange-red color gel light through a beamsplitter. The projector brightness was gradually raised to make the rods seem to be getting hotter. A mechanism inside the rods allowed them to lower. Because the retroreflective material did not reflect light, conventional lights were shone onto the ice surface at the same time to create the look of reflected light. This setup was overseen by Dana Yuricich. The 1/8 scale set contained the largest rods at 12 inches in diameter. These were used for a close shot of the ice being penetrated and steam being emitted. The rods were made of plexiglass and filled with lights to make them bright and they were textured with paint to look red hot. Tom Valentine designed that shot. There were about ten puppeteers underneath the set to break the resin and wax ice as the rods penetrated.
As the ice cracks, releasing gas, dozens of crew were responsible for triggering the different effects, fire extinguishers, nitrogen vapor, and steam positioned beneath the set. The nitrogen looked good aesthetically but was difficult to control. The effect happened fast but was filmed using high-speed cameras to make it appear slower. It took several takes, with the crew learning from errors on each previous iteration. It featured thirty reactor rod housings, each about 2 ft square and 9 ft long, each cantilevered and supported by large vertical trusses. Fifty-five gallon drums of water were used as counterweights. When the rods hit the ice, thousand-watt lights shine up through the color gels. The shot was overseen by Tom Valentine.
Mountain
The Martian mountain eruption was filmed in the 35 ft tall Agricultural Hall No. 5, a former blimp hangar, at the Ventura County Fair, as it was the only local place large enough to position lighting far from the set to achieve the necessary angles and shadows. The mountain was constructed so it could break apart into nine pieces for transportation. It was 14 ft tall and 46 ft in diameter. Only the camera-facing part was built in detail, with the backside left open to operate physical effects, including vapor steam and chemical smoke, from within. Immediately behind the model was a large chimney designed to funnel liquid nitrogen and steam in a large plume. Air mortars were used to burst through paper-thin plaster mountaintops. mountain shaking levers and high volume vapor chimney. The top of the mountain was cast in lightweight plaster that was purposely textured on the underside with intricate small shapes separated by very thin plaster so that the cap would disintegrate when the air mortar hit it. Approximately a week was spent rigging the stunt and another week to film it.
Special effects artists Richard Stutsman and Randy Cabral installed copper tubing in the top third of the mountain to direct jets of steam and nitrogen to its surface. Erik Stohl constructed mechanical aspects that made parts of the mountain rise or crumble.
The air mortars were loaded with gravel as this gave more control over blast direction compared to a basic explosive. Funke also believed the gravel explosions gave it a more "visceral" feel. AB smoke was also used, a two-liquid solution that remained inert until mixed, at which point it created a rapid and large volume of smoke. One of the components was laced on parts set to be detonated and the other on other parts of the mountain so when the explosions occurred the compounds would mix and create smoke. The concoction was difficult to work with and dangerous to breathe so the Stetson crew created additional protective gear to wear out of black polyethylene. Facemasks had to be work and protective garments because of the toxicity of the chemical smoke.
The scene was filmed in two takes at different frame speeds. Long shots were at 48 frames per second because the vapor which spilled out only accurately scaled to the model at this rate while the explosion was filmed at 120 fps as a separate close-up. Bob Primes served as director of photography for the explosion scene. He used four perf for the closeup since it did not require any optical manipulation, and eight perf for the long shot because it had to be modified to show atmosphere forming overhead.
For the atmosphere, Gary Platek shone a high-powered laser to create a sheet of light and passed nitrogen vapor through it. As the atmosphere becomes denser, a cloud tank was used until it transitions to a matte painting. To supplement the full mountain views insert material, including background plates for Quaid and Melina writhing on the slopes was shot on larger scale partial miniatures at Dream Quest. As the mountain erupts, to replicate the earthquake on the live-action Hilton sets they looked at making the lights shake among other things but then a real earthquake hit. The crew were evacuated as the buildings were not reinforced. They ultimately decided to do the effect in the optical printer. Many shots of windows shattering were accomplished using miniatures. Bluescreens behind the windows were used or black screens if nobody moved in front of the shot because black afforded greater freedom in lighting the set. Model window grids were built and mounted face down over the camera so the glass would fall when shattered. Some of the shots were composited with scenes of extras reacting and diving out of the way. All of this was further enhanced with rotoscoped mattes to combine the shattering glass with live-action.
References
Citations
Works cited
Total Recall (1990 film)
Production of specific films | [
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Balice, historically also known as Balycze and Balicze, is a small Polish village in the Janikowo District.
Owned by an unknown noblemen since at least 1411, it was sold in 1464 along with nearby villages Kołuda Mała, Sielec, part of Sieczkowice and Lake Krzyte for 40 grzywnas of grosz's.
Between 1975 and 1998 administratively it was in the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship.
References
Villages in Inowrocław County | [
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The 2023 Chicago elections will take place in two rounds on February 28, 2023, and April 4, 2023. Elections will be held for Mayor of Chicago, City Clerk of Chicago, City Treasurer of Chicago, and all 50 members of the Chicago City Council. The elections will be administered by the Chicago Board of Elections.
Mayor
Incumbent Mayor Lori Lightfoot is eligible to run for re-election, as there are no term limits for the office. Multiple news reports have indicated that she is pursuing re-election.
John Catanzara, president of Lodge 7 of the Fraternal Order of Police, has announced his intention to run. Arne Duncan, former U.S. Secretary of Education, expressed interest but ultimately declined to run. News reports have also suggested the following potential candidates: Stacy Davis Gates, Melissa Conyears-Ervin, Brandon Johnson, Raymond Lopez, Mike Quigley, and Willie Wilson.
City Clerk
Incumbent City Clerk Anna Valencia is eligible to run for re-election, as there are no term limits for the office. She is currently a candidate in the 2022 Illinois Secretary of State election.
City Treasurer
Incumbent City Treasurer Melissa Conyears-Ervin is eligible to run for re-election, as there are no term limits for the office.
City Council
All 50 seats in the City Council are up for election. This will be the first City Council election following redistricting based on the results of the 2020 United States census.
References
Chicago elections
Government of Chicago
February 2023 events in the United States
April 2023 events in the United States | [
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The long-tailed myotis (Myotis longicaudatus) is a species of vesper bat found in northern and eastern Asia.
Taxonomy
Previously thought to be a subspecies of the fraternal myotis (M. frater), it was split as a distinct species by a 2015 study based on molecular evidence. This has also been followed by the American Society of Mammalogists, the IUCN Red List, and the ITIS. The study found it to be basal to a clade containing M. frater, the reddish myotis (M. soror), and Daubenton's bat (M. daubentonii). Other studies have also recovered the Bocharic myotis (M. bucharensis) as its sister species.
Distribution and habitat
It has a wide distribution across North Asia and East Asia east of the Altai Mountains, from southern Siberia and Mongolia south to Korea and Japan. It is found in a wide range of habitats, both natural and artificial, and is thus considered a generalist species. In Japan, it has been observed roosting in tree cavities, tunnels, bridges, and buildings. It has been observed foraging along streets in Hokkaido.
Description
It is a relatively small bat with dark brown wings. Its hind legs are slightly longer than other Myotis species, and the tail length is similar to the head-to-body length. Its pelage is dorsally dark brown and ventrally dark ivory. Its ears are short, dark brown in color, and have a pointed tragus.
Behavior
During the summer, this species may sometimes share roosting caves with the eastern water bat (M. petax); however, both species hibernate separately during the winter.
Status
Due to its wide range and generalist nature, it is not thought to have any major threats. However, it may be threatened by roadkills in Hokkaido, and in general may be at risk from forest degradation and disturbances to roosting sites. Despite a wide distribution, it is a naturally rare species.
References
Mouse-eared bats
Bats of Asia
Mammals of Siberia
Mammals of Mongolia
Mammals of China
Mammals of Korea
Mammals of Japan
Mammals described in 1927 | [
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The Lincoln School for Nurses, also known as Lincoln Hospital and Nursing Home School for Nurses, and Lincoln Hospital School of Nursing, was the first nursing school for African-American women in New York City. It existed from 1898 to 1961. It was founded by Lincoln Hospital (then named The Home for the Colored Aged) in Manhattan. The hospital and nursing school, moved to the South Bronx, after 1899.
History
The Lincoln School School for Nurses was the first (and only) nursing school for African-American women in New York City, until the municipally funded Harlem Hospital School of Nursing was established in 1923.
The Lincoln School School for Nurses' first graduating class was in 1900, with a total of six graduates.
From 1906 to 1923 Adah Belle Thoms, a 1905 graduate, served as acting director. In 1908, she, along with Martha Minerva Franklin, and Mary Eliza Mahoney, organized the first meeting of the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses, which was sponsored by the Lincoln School for Nurses Alumnae Association.
The 1914 demographics of the hospital and nursing school has been reported as: the hospital patients were primarily white; the nursing home patients were primarily black; the doctors were white males; and the nurses and nursing students were black females.
In 1928 Isabel Maitland Stewart directed the first university-sponsored studies in nursing using a research team approach. What made the survey unique was that it focused on both the nursing process and results of care in terms of patient comfort and safety.
Notable Alumni
Ianthe Blyden attended in 1946.
Florence Edmonds attended in 1917-1919.
Mary Elizabeth Carnegie attended in 1932-1936. Former president of the American Academy of Nursing.
Martha Minerva Franklin post-graduate course in 1928.
Florence S. Gaynor graduated in 1946. Executive director of Sydenham Hospital, and a director at Meharry Medical College.
Lillian Holland Harvey graduated in 1939. Dean of Tuskegee Institute Training School of Nurses.
Nella Larsen attended in 1914. Novelist, nurse, librarian. She was involved in the Harlem Renaissance.
Hulda Margaret Lyttle attended in 1913-1914. Dean of Meharry Medical College's School of Nursing.
Adah Belle Thoms graduated in 1905. Acting director of the school from 1906 - 1923.
See also
Estelle Massey Osborne an instructor at the school.
Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing established 1873.
Columbia University School of Nursing established 1892.
Harlem Hospital School of Nursing established 1923. The second New York City nursing school to accept African-American women.
National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses established 1908. Dissolved in 1951.
References
Bibliography
Hutchinson, George (2006), In Search of Nella Larsen: A Biography of the Color Line, Harvard University Press.
External links
The Lincoln School for Nurses collection 1840-2011 at the New York Public Library
Lincoln School For Nurses Photograph Collection at the New York Public Library
Nursing schools in New York City
Universities and colleges in the Bronx
Historically black universities and colleges in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1898
1898 establishments in New York City
African-American history in New York City | [
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Winter X Games XXVI was held from 21 to 23 January 2022 in Aspen, Colorado, United States.
Medal summary
Snowboard
Ski
Medal table
References
External links
X Games Aspen official website
XXVI
2022 in winter sports
2022 in American sports
2022 in sports in Colorado
Winter multi-sport events in the United States
Skiing competitions in the United States
ESPN
January 2022 sports events in the United States | [
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Phallus formosanus is a species of fungus belonging to the genus Phallus. It was documented in 1938.
References
Phallales
Fungi described in 1938 | [
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Fan Suyuan (; born 1 August 1996) is a Chinese curler from Dunhua.
She is competing in the mixed doubles curling event at the 2022 Winter Olympics with Ling Zhi.
Career Path
On July 3, 2017, the third stage of the national curling team training camp ended at the Jilin Provincial Speed Skating Stadium. There are 3 men and 4 women in Jilin Province selected for this national team. The female players You Yanhui, Fan Suyuan, Wang Meini and Yu Jiaxin.
In July 2019, he was awarded the title of National Athlete by the Winter Sports Center of the General Administration of Sports.
On January 27, 2022, the list of the Chinese sports delegation for the Beijing Winter Olympics was announced, and Fan Suyuan was selected for the curling team.
On February 2, 2022, the curling event of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics took the lead in the "Ice Cube". The Chinese curling mixed doubles combination Ling Zhi/Fan Suyuan took the lead for the Chinese delegation, against the Swiss combination Peret/Rios.
On the evening of February 2, 2022, the first competition day of the Beijing Winter Olympics ended with four curling mixed doubles competitions. The Ling Zhi/Fan Suyuan combination, who played as the host, ushered in the first opponent in the round-robin match, the Swiss combination Peret/Rios, on the D track. After an extra round, the Chinese combination narrowly defeated the opponent 7-6 and got a good start.
On February 3, 2022, in the Beijing Winter Olympics curling mixed doubles round robin, Ling Zhi and Fan Suyuan defeated the Australian team 6-5.
On the evening of February 3, 2022, in the fourth round of the curling round-robin match, the Chinese team played against the Swedish teams De Waal and Eriksson. Chinese curling mixed doubles players Ling Zhi/Fan Suyuan lost 6:7 to Sweden, ending their winning streak.
On February 6, 2022, in the Beijing Winter Olympics curling mixed doubles match between China and Italy, the Chinese combination Fan Suyuan and Ling Zhi lost 4:8 to the Italian team and missed the semi-finals.
On February 7, 2022, in the 13th round of the Beijing Winter Olympics curling mixed doubles round-robin match, Ling Zhi/Fan Suyuan lost to Czech players Thomas Paul/Suzanne Paulova 6-8. The two-game winning streak started, but then suffered a 7-game losing streak. Ling Zhi/Fan Suyuan finally ended the Winter Olympics in ninth place.
Teams
Women's
Mixed doubles
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
People from Yanbian
Chinese female curlers
Curlers at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic curlers of China
Sportspeople from Beijing | [
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Joe Marie Tangaro Noynay (born 4 September 1996) is a Filipino professional boxer, who has held the WBO Asia Pacific super featherweight title since 2019.
Professional boxing career
Early career
Noynay made his professional debut against Jestoni Autida on 7 September 2013. He won the fight by unanimous decision. Noynay amassed a 10–0 record during the next two years, with 3 stoppage victories, before challenging for his fist professional title. Noynay was booked to fight Alie Laurel for the vacant WBC International title on 18 February 2016. The fight ended in a split decision draw, after the twelve rounds were contested. Three months later, on 4 May 2016, Noynay faced Richard Pumicpic for the same vacant title. Pumicpic won the fight by an eight-round technical decision.
Regional super featherweight champion
WBO Asia Pacific Youth champion
Noynay challenged the unbeaten WBO Asia Pacific Youth super featherweight champion Jinxiang Pan on 16 December 2017. The vacant WBC-ABC Silver super featherweight title was on the line as well. A technical decision was given at the end of the eight round, as Noynay was unable to continue competing due to a cut above his right eyebrow, which was opened by an accidental clash of heads in the sixth round. Two of the judges scored the fight 76–74 for Noynay, while the third judge scored it 78–72 in his favor.
Noynay made his first WBO Asia Pacific title defense against Hector Garcia Montes in the main event of a 7 April 2018 card, which took place at the Bogo City Sports & Cultural Complex in Bogo. He won the fight by majority decision, with scores of 95–95, 96–94 and 96–94. Noynay made his second WBO Asia Pacific title defense against Qixiu Zhang on 20 September 2018, at the SM Mall of Asia in Metro Manila. He won the fight by an eight-round technical knockout. Zhang was knocked down twice in the eight round, with his corner opting to throw in the towel after the second knocdown.
WBO Asia Pacific champion
Three months later, on 9 December 2018, Noynay was booked to face the journeyman Junny Salogaol in a tune-up fight. He won the fight by unanimous decision, with all three judges scoring the fight 80–72 in his favor. After successfully winning his stay-busy fight, Noynay was scheduled to face Kosuke Saka for the vacant WBO Asia Pacific super featherweight title on 20 April 2019, in the main even of "Fighting Beat Boxing". He won the fight by a second-round technical knockout. Noynay first dropped Saka with a left straight at the end of the first round, and knocked him down twice more in the second round before the midway point of the round, which prompted Saka's corner to throw in the towel.
Noynay made his first WBO Asia Pacific title defense against the 2012 Olympics bronze medalist and Japanese super featherweight champion Satoshi Shimizu on July 12, 2019, on the Rob Brant vs Ryota Murata II undercard, at the Edion Arena in Osaka, Japan. Despite coming into the fight as an underdog, Noynay won the fight by a sixth-round technical knockout. He knocked down Shimizu early in the first round, before finally finishing him with a flurry of punches in the sixth round.
Noynay made his second WBO Asia Pacific title defense against the one-time IBF super featherweight title challenger Kenichi Ogawa on 7 December 2019. The fight was ruled as split draw by technical decision, with scores of 49–46, 47-48 and 48-48. The pair both suffered cuts above the left eye after an accidental head clash in the first round, with Noynay's cut worsening as the bout went on, which finally left him unable to compete at the end of the fifth round.
Noynay made his third WBO regional title defense against the undefeated Liam Wilson on 7 July 2021, on the undercard of the Tim Tszyu and Steve Spark super welterweight bout. The card was broadcast by ESPN+ and Kayo Sports. He won the fight by a fifth-round technical knockout. Noynay knocked Wilson down once in the first round, twice in the fourth round, and once in the fifth round. The referee finally waved the fight off after the fourth knockdown.
Noynay is scheduled to make his fourth WBO Asia Pacific title defense against Liam Wilson. The bout is an immediate rematch of their 7 July 2021 meeting, which Noynay won by a fifth-round stoppage. The event was later postponed for 3 March, due to the floods in Brisbane.
Professional boxing record
References
Living people
1996 births
Filipino male boxers
People from Bogo, Cebu
Sportspeople from Cebu
Super-bantamweight boxers
Super-featherweight boxers
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Emma Söderberg (born 18 February 1998) is a Swedish ice hockey goaltender and member of the Swedish national ice hockey team, currently playing with the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey program in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) conference of the NCAA Division I.
Early life
Söderberg was born on 18 February 1998 in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden, to Ove and Karin Söderberg. As an adolescent, she was a goaltender for Modo Hockey Dam of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL), where she had a 1.55 goals against average (GAA) and .940 save percentage in 19 games.
College career
Söderberg joined the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey team for the 2018–19 season. She played in five games during her freshman year, posting a win-loss-overtime record of 3–1–0 and stopped 94 out of 103 shots for a .913 save percentage and 2.09 GAA. As a junior during the 2020–21 season, Söderberg's .951 save percentage, 1.34 GAA, and five shutout games were all within the top three of all NCAA women's ice hockey, and she received both the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) Goaltending Champion statistical title and the Goaltender of the Year award. It was the first time that Minnesota Duluth had won the WCHA Goaltender of the Year title. That year, Minnesota Duluth reached the Frozen Four semifinal round of the 2021 NCAA National Collegiate Women's Ice Hockey Tournament, where they fell to Northwestern 3–2 in overtime. Söderberg made 44 saves during the match before allowing the game-winning goal on a shot from Northeastern skater Skylar Fontaine.
At the time that her 2021–22 season was interrupted due to the 2022 Winter Olympics, Söderberg was second in the WCHA with 13 wins, four shutouts, and a .920 save percentage.
International play
After helping the Sweden women's national ice hockey team during their qualification rounds, Söderberg was selected to goaltend for the team at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.
References
External links
UMD Bulldogs profile
Living people
1998 births
Swedish women's ice hockey goaltenders
Olympic ice hockey players of Sweden
Ice hockey players at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey players
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Sejdini is an Albanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Qazim Sejdini (born 1951), Albanian politician
Trejsi Sejdini (born 2000), Albanian model, Miss Universe Albania 2018
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Myra Miller (1811-1891) was a famous Black food entrepreneur and baker in Atlanta during Reconstruction.
Miller was born in Virginia in 1811. She was a slave and was sold as a cook to someone in Rome, Georgia. In 1871, she moved with her husband to Atlanta and started a bakery. Miller's bakery was well known in Atlanta and her wedding fruitcakes were sent across the country. Miller died in 1891 and was buried in the African American section of Oakland Cemetery.
References
1811 births
1891 deaths
African-American people
African-American women
African-American women in business
19th-century African-American women
Burials at Oakland Cemetery (Atlanta) | [
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Chashushuli (Georgian: ჩაშუშული - "stew") is a dish of Georgian cuisine. The meat (veal in the original recipe) is fried and then stewed with tomatoes. One of the main meat dishes of Georgian cuisine, it is less known outside Georgia than, for example, Satsivi or Chakhokhbili.
Ingredients
The main ingredients of the dish are meat (veal in the classic recipe, but beef is increasingly used; lamb much less often) and tomatoes (or tomato paste). Sweet pepper is also used in a number of recipes, often a combination of yellow and green peppers. Among the necessary components are onions and garlic. In addition to traditional salt and black pepper, ajika, suneli hops, parsley, dill, cilantro, ground coriander and ground hot red pepper can be used as seasonings.
Cooking
The meat is cut into small pieces and fried over high heat in a deep frying pan or stew pan (or in a cauldron according to the classic recipe). After the liquid in the meat has evaporated, diced onions are added. When the onion becomes soft, hot boiled water is added to the container and the dish begins to stew over low heat; water is added as needed.
When the meat is almost ready, peeled tomatoes (fresh or in their own juice) and tomato paste, seasonings, and, shortly before cooking, finely chopped greens are added to it.
Served on ketsi, without garnish; with lavash and white wine.
References
Cuisine of Georgia (country)
Beef dishes
Veal dishes | [
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Phallus granulosodenticulatus is a species of fungus belonging to the Phallus genus. It was discovered in 1832.
References
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Nasi Lemak 1.0 (Chinese: 辣死你妈传人) is a 2022 Malaysian comedy film by Namewee. A sequel to 2011 film Nasi Lemak 2.0, it tells the story of Chef Huang who accidentally travels back in time to the glorious Malacca Kingdom 600 years ago, where he caught up between the battle of pirates.
It is released on 27 January 2022 in Malaysia and Singapore. It is one of the five 2022 Malaysian and Singaporean Chinese New Year films, including Kongsi Raya and Small Town Heroes (Malaysia), Ah Girls Go Army and Reunion Dinner (Singapore).
Synopsis
After the events of Nasi Lemak 2.0, Chef Huang's restaurant is having another slump in business, due to being too slow to serve food. A new restaurant is opened by his all-time nemesis Lan Qiao across the street. Chef Huang challenges him and once again hold a cooking competition to see who makes the best Nasi Lemak. During the intense competition, an explosion accident causes Chef Huang and the others to travel back in time and find themselves in the Malacca Sultanate 600 years ago, where nasi lemak is still not available and pirates are rampant, while the fleet of Cheng Ho is approaching. Caught in between the historical conflicts that will happen, now they must embark on the journey, how will their story go?
Cast
Namewee
Karen Kong
AC Mizal
Yumi Wong
Saiful Apek
Delimawati
Wak Doyok
Sanjna Suri
Yassin Yahya
Vikar
David Arumugam
Dennis Lau
Release
The film is written and directed by Namewee. It is the sequel to the 2011 Malaysian film Nasi Lemak 2.0 after 11 years. Filming is completed in 2019. Almost all the multiethnic cast of Nasi Lemak 2.0 return and reprise their roles, and there are several new additions to the cast.
References
External links
2022 films
Malaysian films | [
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is a Japanese footballer who plays as a defender. He has represented the Japan U17 and Japan U23 youth teams internationally.
Club career
Born in Yokosuka, Kanagawa to a Japanese mother and American father, Chase moved to Texas at the age of three, spending nine years before returning to Japan. While in the United States, Chase also played basketball, and started his football career as a forward.
Having trained with Dutch side AZ Alkmaar and German side VfB Stuttgart, Chase has aimed to pursue a career overseas. He has also reportedly been scouted by Dutch giants Ajax, and planned to train with them in February 2022, ahead of a move when he turns 18 in March.
International career
Chase has represented Japan up to under-23 level. He trained with the Japan national football team in 2022. He was praised by national team coach Hajime Moriyasu for his talent and potential.
References
2004 births
Living people
Japanese people of American descent
Association football people from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japanese footballers
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Japan youth international footballers | [
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Aisin Gioro Hongchang (貝勒 弘昌; 14 December 1706 – 3 June 1771) was the eldest son of Yinxiang.
Life
Hongchang was born on 14 December 1706 to secondary princess consort Yixian, lady Gūwalgiya.
Hongchang received the title of the prince of the fourth rank in 1723 and was promoted to the prince of the third rank in 1725. As the eldest son, Hongchang could inherit the Prince Yi peerage, but was found unsuitable because of his mental abilities. 秉性愚蠢，向来不知率教，伊父怡亲王奏请圈禁在家
Daft by temperament, not following the Teaching. His father Prince Yi of the First Rank requested for home arrest.Hongchang shared a close relationship with Hongsheng, a son of Prince Heng of the First Rank Yunqi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Feng|first=Jingzhi|title=The art of weaving in the Qing|publisher=Chunfeng Cultural Press|year=2003|isbn=|location=|pages=624}}</ref>
In 1739, Hongchang was embroiled in the unsuccessful Coup likewise his 5 cousins and paternal uncle. Hongchang met with Hongxi, Hongjiao, Hongpu and Hongsheng at the Prince Zhuang manor so as to discuss the detronisation of Qianlong Emperor in favour of Hongxi.
The rebelliants planned to accomplish their coup d'état during the imperial hunt at the Mulan hunting grounds. Hongxi appeared in the hunt in neapolitan yellow palanquin, which led the rebels to believe that he is the emperor. The rebels, including Hongchang, said that Dzungar Khanate could not have dared to defeat Beijing and attempted to proclaim him as an emperor. Hongchang ordered Hongxi to return to the capital so as to prepare for the coronation. When the plan of fractionists was exposed by Hongpu, only Hongchang pleaded his innocence as he played major role in the clique.
The case of rebels was tried by the Imperial Clan Court with Bartu, Prince Kangjian presiding. Hongchang was deprived of his title of third-ranking prince and did not recover it and died on 3 June 1771. His descendants were minor clasmen (闲散宗室)
Family
Consorts and issue
Primary consort, of the Nara clan (嫡夫人那拉氏)
Yongxuan (永喧; 1724–1760)
Second primary consort, of the Borjigin clan (继夫人博尔济吉特氏)
Second son''
Yongkun (永崑; 1730–1767), third son
Mistress, of the Song clan (妾宋氏)
Mistress, of the Sun clan (妾孙氏)
Yongchong (永崇; 1757–1790), fourth son
Yongliang (永良; 1760–1803), fifth son
Mistress, of the Li clan (妾李氏)
Family tree
References
Qing dynasty imperial princes
Prince Yi(怡)
1706 births
1771 deaths | [
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Michael W. Twomey is an American medievalist.
Twomey earned his doctorate at Cornell University in 1979. He later joined the Ithaca College faculty, where he held the Charles A. Dana Professorship of Humanities and Arts. Upon retirement, he was granted emeritus status.
Selected publications
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ithaca College faculty
Cornell University alumni
American medievalists | [
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The Lithuanian Catholic Women's Organization () was a Lithuanian women's organization. Founded in 1908, it was the largest women's organization in interwar Lithuania. It was disestablished after the Soviet occupation of Lithuania in 1940.
In 1907, the First Congress of Lithuanian Women took place in Kaunas. On the congress it was decided that a national women's organisation should be founded. However, due to the split between Catholic and liberal women, the plan could not be realised, and instead they founded separate women's organisations instead.
See also
Lithuanian Women's Union
References
Virginija Jurėnienė, Lietuvių moterų judėjimas XIX a. pab.-XX a. pirmojoje pusėje, 2006, Vilnius.
1908 establishments in Lithuania
Organizations established in 1908
Feminist organizations in Lithuania
1940 disestablishments in Lithuania
Organizations disestablished in 1940 | [
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The Hinckley 43 (Hood) is an American sailboat that was designed by Ted Hood and first built in 1979.
The design was originally marketed by the manufacturer as the Hinckley 43, but is now usually referred to as the Hinckley 43 (Hood)-2 to differentiate it from the earlier 1976 Hinckley 43 (Hood) and the unrelated 1990 Hinckley 43 (McCurdy & Rhodes) design.
Production
The design was built by Hinckley Yachts in the United States, from 1979, but it is now out of production.
Design
The Hinckley 43 (Hood) is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig and a fixed fin keel with a retractable centerboard. It displaces .
The boat has a draft of with the centerboard extended and with it retracted, allowing operation in shallow water. The boat is fitted with an inboard engine for docking and maneuvering.
The design has a hull speed of .
See also
List of sailing boat types
References
Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Ted Hood
Sailboat types built by Hinckley Yachts | [
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McDougal Creek is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river's source is at the southern end of Divide Lake at the northern end of Narrow Hills Provincial Park in a hilly plateau called Cub Hills. The landforms of the Cub Hills, such as the lakes, streams, steeply rolling hills, and flat lowlands, were formed over 10,000 years ago during the last ice age. The entire course of the river is in the boreal forest ecozone of Canada.
Divide Lake is a small bifurcation lake of which the north flowing outlet goes into Little Bear Lake and the southern outlet is McDougal's source. From Divide Lake, the river travels south through the park and hills, then easterly en route to the Mossy River, which is a tributary of the Saskatchewan River.
Description
McDougal Creek is a trout river that begins at the southern end of Divide Lake where it travels south though a glacier formed valley in the north-east region of Narrow Hills Provincial Park. From the start, the river roughly follows the route of Hanson Lake Road. Just before Hanson Lake Road's intersection with Highway 913, the river crosses the road and begins heading south-east past a wilderness campsite before crossing Highway 920 and heading east. A large portion of the park's eastern boundary follows the course of McDougal Creek. The river then leaves the park and the Cub Hills and continues eastward through much flatter terrain and muskeg until it joins up with Mossy River. Mossy River continues on in a south-easterly direction and meets the Saskatchewan River at the Saskatchewan River Delta.
Brook trout
Brook trout were first introduced to McDougal Creek in 1934 and with further stockings in the 1950s and 1960s, the population became self-sustaining. Since then, brook trout have been introduced to 25 rivers in the Cub Hills with five of those rivers now supporting populations of naturalised, self-sustaining feral brook trout. The other four rivers include the creeks of Nipekamew, White Gull, and Lost Echo and Mossy River. All seven of Saskatchewan's trout species can be found in the Cub Hills.
See also
List of rivers of Saskatchewan
Hudson Bay drainage basin
References
Rivers of Saskatchewan
Tributaries of Hudson Bay
Northern Saskatchewan Administration District | [
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Sascha Gueymard Wayenburg (born 1 August 2003) is a French tennis player.
Gueymard Wayenburg has a career high ATP singles ranking of 928 achieved on 31 January 2022. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 1567 achieved on 8 November 2021.
Gueymard Wayenburg made his ATP main draw debut at the 2022 Open Sud de France after receiving a wildcard into the doubles main draw with Luca Van Assche.
References
External links
2003 births
Living people
French male tennis players
People from Aix-en-Provence | [
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"Measles: A Dangerous Illness" is an open letter written by the children's writer Roald Dahl in 1986 in response to ongoing cases of measles in the United Kingdom at that time, despite the introduction of an effective measles vaccine in 1968.
Dahl, whose daughter Olivia had died in 1962 from measles, told his doctor Tom Solomon that the figures relating to continued cases of measles in the UK bothered him. After listening to a physician discuss vaccine hesitancy among parents on the radio in 1985, Dahl composed a letter to encourage parents to get their children vaccinated. It went through several drafts before it was issued in 1986. He addressed it to children and aimed it at their parents. The letter was distributed to Sandwell's family doctors, health visitors, school nurses, and parents of small children before being issued to other areas in the UK.
Two years later, the letter was republished and it has continued to be quoted after subsequent measles outbreaks. The narrative in his letter reminds of the power of storytelling in tackling vaccine refusal.
Background
By the late 1980s there were over 80,000 cases of measles a year in the UK, despite the availability of an effective measles vaccine since 1968. Roald Dahl, the children's writer whose daughter Olivia had died in 1962 from measles, told his doctor Tom Solomon that the figures bothered him and that there was "no need for it. Why do we have so much measles in Britain, when the Americans have virtually got rid of it?" Dahl wrote his first letter to the Department of Health and Social Security in 1985. His daughter Ophelia later recalled that there was some interest from Jeffrey Archer, then Conservative Party Chairman, but a scandal put an end to that aspiration of Dahl. In December 1985, Dahl had listened to Dr Barry Smith of Sandwell Health Authority, who discussed vaccine hesitancy among parents, and the importance of the measles vaccine on Radio Four's Today programme. Dahl subsequently contacted Smith and offered to write a letter.
The letter
The letter was issued in 1986, addressed to children and aimed at their parents. Despite his age at near 70 and still recovering from a recent illness, he travelled to the Midlands Centre for Neurosurgery and Neurology in July to launch the measles vaccine letter. He told the press, radio and children that "I have great child power. I understand how a child's mind works - that's how I can help and influence". The words were carefully thought out, he told Solomon. He used "caught" or "got infected by" rather than "contracted", and he calculated the risks of side-effects based on information relayed by Smith. The letter was distributed to Sandwell's GPs, health visitors, school nurses and parents of small children. Other district health authorities also received the letter. Dahl put several drafts past Smith, one of which found in the Roald Dahl archives reads "please take this letter home and give it to your parents". Dahl subsequently requested Sandwell to assess the impact of the letter. Vaccination clinics were set up after school to meet the anticipated high demand.
In the letter he described his personal experience: "Olivia, my eldest daughter, caught measles when she was seven years old. As the illness took its course, I can remember reading to her often in bed and not feeling particularly alarmed about it." She became disinterested in playing and within an hour was unconscious. "Within twelve hours she was dead" he wrote. Dahl explained that neither in 1962 nor in 1986, was there any cure for the disease, but "on the other hand, there is today something parents can do to make sure that this sort of tragedy does not happen to a child of theirs. They can insist that their child is immunised against measles." With reference to the possible serious side-effects of the vaccine, he claimed that they were so unlikely that, in his opinion, there was a far greater chance of dying by choking on a bar of chocolate, and that they were a far lower risk than the disease itself.
Here in Britain, because so many parents refuse, either out of obstinacy or ignorance or fear, to allow their children to be immunised, we still have a hundred thousand cases of measles every year. Out of those, more than 10,000 will suffer side effects of one kind or another. At least 10,000 will develop ear or chest infections. About 20 will die.
LET THAT SINK IN. Every year around 20 children will die in Britain from measles. So what about the risks that your children will run from being immunised? They are almost non-existent. Listen to this. In a district of around 300,000 people, there will be only one child every 250 years who will develop serious side effects from measles immunisation! That is about a million to one chance. I should think there would be more chance of your child choking to death on a chocolate bar than of becoming seriously ill from a measles immunisation. (Dahl 1986)
The letter was a direct appeal to children of school age to "beg their parents to arrange for them to have one [the measles vaccine] as soon as possible". Dahl stated that "it really is almost a crime to allow your child to go unimmunized." At the end of the letter, Dahl encouraged the reader to seek his daughter's name in the dedication of his books The BFG and James and the Giant Peach.
Between January and June 1986, 589 measles notifications were reported in North East Essex Health District. In response, Dahl's letter was posted out with a questionnaire to over 1,200 children felt to be susceptible to measles across Colchester.
Dahl had hoped that the letter might result in saving a life, which would be Olivia's legacy. She had never had the choice of receiving the vaccine; it had been licensed in the year following her death.
In 1987, family doctors could obtain Dahl's letter from Sandwell Health Authority in West Bromwich, at a cost of £49 for 1,000.
Reception and legacy
Two years later, the letter was republished and it has continued to be quoted after subsequent measles outbreaks. Dahl was later asked to promote the polio vaccine. In 2013, following the measles outbreak in South Wales, former British health minister Edwina Currie called for compulsory measles vaccination for small children, possibly a proposal somewhat influenced by Dahl, according to Solomon.
The letter was redistributed following the Disneyland measles outbreak in 2014–15. In 2016, with the resurgence of measles in the United States, an essay in the journal Medical Humanities, co-authored by David Oshinsky, looked at Dahl's letter and described how informing parents using statistics and evidence-based facts are not always effective for communicating the benefits of vaccination. According to the essay, the power of Dahl’s narrative in tackling vaccine refusal reminds readers of the devastation of a disease that has generally been forgotten. Despite consensus that the vaccine is safe and effective, the difficulties doctors face in convincing parents to fully vaccinate their children possibly lie in overemphasising scientific information, at the expense of communicating the benefits through stories such as Dahl’s. The letter is available to read on the Oxford Vaccine Group vaccine knowledge website.
Footnotes
References
Further reading
"Measles: a dangerous illness". Roald Dahl (1986)
External links
"Vaccine Knowledge Project"
1986 documents
Open letters
Works by Roald Dahl
Measles
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Lewis Warrington (born 10 October 2002) is an English professional footballer who plays for Tranmere Rovers, on loan from Everton, as a midfielder.
Career
Warrington began his career at Everton, moving on loan to Tranmere Rovers in January 2022.
References
2002 births
Living people
English footballers
Everton F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
English Football League players
Association football midfielders | [
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Dinelli's myotis (Myotis dinellii) is a species of vesper bat found in southern South America.
Taxonomy
It was described in 1902 by Oldfield Thomas. It was previously considered a subspecies of the yellowish myotis (M. levis), but was split as a distinct species by the IUCN Red List in 2006 following a publication that split both species. A 2013 study confirmed that both species were morphologically and genetically distinct from one another, and they were also split as distinct species by the American Society of Mammalogists and the ITIS.
Distribution and habitat
It ranges from central Bolivia south throughout western & central Argentina and easternmost Chile. It roosts in many different places, including artificial structures. The IUCN Red List also lists it occurring in southeastern Brazil, which is also inhabited by M. levis, although the American Society of Mammalogists does not.
References
Mouse-eared bats
Bats of South America
Mammals described in 1902
Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas | [
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The Cupids () is Thai lakorn series consists of 8 dramas, Kammathep Hunsa, Kamathep Ork Suek, Kamathep Online, Loob Korn Kammathep, Sorn Ruk Kammathep, Kammathep Sorn Kol, Kammathep Jum Laeng, and Kamathep Prab Marn. The television series is based on the novel series of the same name written by Isaya, Umariga, Romkaew, Shayna, Sornklin, Kaotam, Praenut, and Nara.
The series was produced by Broadcast Thai Television with 7 different directors. It was aired every Friday–Sunday from March 5 until July 23, 2017.
Synopsis
4 years ago, Peem (Theeradej Wongpuapan) founded the company called "Cupid Hut", a matchmaking company with 8 female employees in different departments that help him run the company. In the present day, Peem found out that "Cupid Hut" does not reach the income target. Peem thought that because of the 8 female employees who are all still single and the clients find it hard to trust them in matchmaking as they are single themselves. On Valentine's Day, Peem called his 8 female employees on an urgent meeting and found that they all have problems when it comes to love. In order to save the company, Peem "orders" all eight of his employees to find a boyfriend before the next Valentine's Day. Anyone who can find a boyfriend will receive a bonus of 1 million baht in bonus. If his employees refuse to accept the order, the company will have to shut down, and all 8 of his female employees will have to part ways. And they will no longer work in the company that they love.
Broadcast order
References
External links
Ch3 Thailand Official Website
Ch3 Thailand Official YouTube
2010s Thai television series
Thai drama television series
2017 Thai television series debuts
2017 Thai television series endings
Thai television soap operas
Channel 3 (Thailand) original programming | [
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Reynir Pétur Ingvarsson (born 25 October 1948) is an Icelandic long-distance walker. He gained national attention in Iceland in 1985 when he walked the ringroad around the country to raise money for the Sólheimar Ecovillage. Reynir's walk started on 25 May 1985 and took 32 days with 5 million ISK being raised during the march. A crowd of 12-14 thousand people greeted him in when he passed through Reykjavík on 24 June. He finished his walk on 25 June in Selfoss where he was greeted by several thousand people.
Further reading
Reynir Pétur og Íslandsgangan, 1985. (in Icelandic): Book by Eðvarð Ingólfsson.
References
1948 births
Long distance walkers
Living people | [
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Komoot is a mobile app for navigation and route planning.
History
Komoot was founded in 2010 and is based in Germany. The app was launched in 2013.
Features
The app has both free and paid-for features. It can create routes for various activities including walking, running, cycling, and mountain biking. It can report what percentage of a route consists of a given surface (roads, cycle tracks, gravel).
Technology
The app uses OpenStreetMap.
References
2010 establishments in Germany
Mobile route-planning software | [
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Paola Velez is a pastry chef and a co-founder of Bakers Against Racism and Doña Dona. She was named one of Food & Wine magazine's Best New Chefs in 2021. In 2020, she was a finalist for the James Beard Foundation Rising Star Pastry Chef Award and a finalist for Best Pastry Chef for the Rammy Awards (based in Washington, D.C.) She is known for creating desserts that draw upon her family's Dominican heritage.
Early life
Growing up, Velez spent most of her time in the Bronx, N.Y., and Orlando, Florida, and spent many summers with her extended family in the Dominican Republic.
Activism
Velez is the co-founder of Bakers Against Racism, an organization that raises funds and awareness to combat racism through hosting bake sales across the globe. Bakers Against Racism has been recognized as the largest bake sale in history, raising millions of dollars.
She also co-founded Doña Dona, a pop-up donut shop to help raise funds to fight injustice.
References
Pastry chefs
Alumni of Le Cordon Bleu
American women chefs
Chefs from New York City
People from the Bronx
American people of Dominican Republic descent
Year of birth missing (living people)
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Robin and Andrea McBride are African American winemakers and owners of McBride Sisters Wine Company, the largest Black-owned female-led wine company in the United States. Brought together after years of separation, the sisters bonded over a shared passion for winemaking. The sisters established their wine company in 2005. In 2019, the McBride sisters launched an eco-friendly line of canned wine, SHE CAN. The McBride company's mission is "to transform the industry, lead by example, and cultivate community, one delicious glass of wine at a time."
Early life
Growing up, the sisters did not know about each other. Andréa was raised in New Zealand with her mother Pauline. Her mother died from breast cancer when she was six years old, and she was placed with a foster family. Robin grew up in Monterey, California by her mother Karen. The women shared a biological father, Kelly McBride, that they had little connect with during their lives. Before Kelly McBride died in 1996, he asked his family to connect his two daughters. In 1999, Robin received a letter from her father's sister. The day after, the sisters met at the LaGuardia Airport in New York.
References
Winemakers
African-American businesspeople
Living people
African-American women | [
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Ana Escamilla (born 10 July 1998) is a Spanish volleyball player. She is a member of the Spain women's national volleyball team.
She competed at the 2019 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2021 Women's European Volleyball League winning a bronze medal.
She played for CVB Barça, Futura Volley Busto Arsizio, and SC Potsdam.
References
Living people
1998 births
Spanish women's volleyball players | [
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The Garlandstone is a gaff-rigged sailing Tamar Ketch, built in Calstock, and launched on 27 January 1909. It was built by James Goss on speculation at the foot of Calstock Viaduct. She was designed for transporting goods between Great Britain and Ireland.
Commercial Activity
She was designed for transporting goods between Great Britain and Ireland, via the Celtic Sea and River of the South West England, in particular the River Tamar and the River Severn. She also regularly sailed between Lisbon and Calstock, notably supplying fresh fruit to the towns people.
During the Great War she took an active part ferrying munitions across the Irish Sea.
Redundancy
In 1961 the vessel fell out of use and was donated to the National Maritime Museum in Wales. She remained along the quayside wall at Porthmadog, in North Wales until she was finally towed back to the river of her origin, the River Tamar.
Restoration
Restoration work began in 1990 funded by the National Heritage Lottery. The restoration was completed at Morwellham Quay. In 1996 the ship was registered as a ship of the National Historic Fleet. The Ship restoration was completed in 2000 and recommissioned. Since then the ship has been used as a static museum at Morwellham and due to lack of use has fell into a state of disrepair. In late 2010, a public appeal for the ships restoration however no restoration took place. Currently the ship has fallen even further into a state of corruption.
Gallery
See also
West Country Ketch
Calstock
Morwellham Quay
References
External links
Individual sailing vessels
Sailing ships of the United Kingdom
1909 ships
Calstock
River Tamar
Ships and vessels on the National Register of Historic Vessels
World War I merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Tall ships of the United Kingdom
Ships of the United Kingdom
Ships of England
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Merchant ships of England | [
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Cleora Butler was a chef, caterer and cookbook author based in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
She is the author of the 1985 book Cleora's Kitchens: The Memoir of a Cook and Eight Decades of Great American Food, a memoir about her life as a house cook in Tulsa.
Gourmet magazine named Cleora's Kitchens the best cookbook of the year.
References
External links
Cleora Butler at the Legacy Quilt Project – Museum of Food and Drink
African-American chefs
1901 births
1985 deaths
American cookbook writers
Writers from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Chefs from Oklahoma
Women cookbook writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century American women writers
American women non-fiction writers | [
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Jeanine Nerissa Sothcott (né Broadhead; born 15 September 1971) is a British actress and film producer best known for her roles in a number of action, crime and horror films.
Career
At the start of her acting career, Sothcott appeared in a number of short films under the names Janine Nerissa Broadhead and Janine Nerissa as she found that her real name of "Jeanine" was difficult to pronounce in the UK, but she later reverted to her real name. Making her feature film debut in the horror film The Dead Girlfriend (2017), Sothcott then played American actress Lillian Russell in Sandow (2018), a biopic of the bodybuilder of the same name before starring alongside Shane Taylor and Rula Lenska in film The Exorcism of Karen Walker in 2018. She also made an appearance in The Krays: Dead Man Walking as nightclub hostess Valerie Fiske. Leslie Grantham was cast opposite her. She co-founded Shogun Films with Jonathan Sothcott, a film production company which was named as the UK's Independent Production Company of the Year at the LiveWire Global Awards in London.
In May 2021, Sothcott had a main role in the crime thriller film Nemesis, starring as the wife of Billy Murray. In November 2021, it was announced that Sothcott would have a large role in the upcoming film Renegades alongside Lee Majors, Danny Trejo and Patsy Kensit. Sothcott is also set to star in the action film Crossfire opposite Louis Mandylor, due for a 2022 release.
Personal life
She met Jonathan Sothcott, a British film producer, in 2017 during the production of The Exorcism of Karen Walker and they married in 2020. The pair also own the production company Shogun Films.
Filmography
Film
Short films
2016: Flawless
2016: Impulses
2017: The Last Laugh
2017: Faithless
2017: Pardaa
2017: Borrowed Time
2018: Sandow
2018: Subconscious Uncoupling
References
External links
British actresses
Living people | [
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Loki Emmanuel (born 14 November 2001) is a South Sudanese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Uganda Premier League club Bright Stars and the South Sudan national team.
Club career
In October 2020 Emmanuel signed for Bright Stars of the Uganda Premier League on a 3-year contract.
International career
Emmanuel made two appearances for South Sudan in the 2019 CECAFA U-20 Championship. He made his senior international debut on 6 October 2021 in a friendly against Sierra Leone. He scored his first international goal in the match, an eventual 1–1 draw.
International goals
Scores and results list South Sudan's goal tally first.
International career statistics
References
External links
2001 births
Living people
Association football forwards
Canadian sportspeople of African descent
Sportspeople of South Sudanese descent
South Sudanese footballers
South Sudanese expatriate footballers
South Sudan international footballers | [
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Phallus haitangensis is a species of fungus belonging to the Phallus genus. It was documented in 2016 in Yunnan, China. The species name "haitangensis" refers to Haitangwa, the name of the village in which the species was found. It was found on soil under Pinus armandii.
References
Phallales | [
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Maria Segura Pallerés (born 10 June 1992) is a Spanish volleyball player. She is a member of the Spain women's national volleyball team.
She competed at the 2021 Women's European Volleyball League winning a bronze medal.
She played for CVB Barça, Entu Olbia, Saugella Team Monza, Dresdner SC 1898, and Allianz MTV Stuttgart.
References
External links
Unsere #3 Maria Segura Palleres in den #KADERNEWS 2021
1992 births
Spanish women's volleyball players
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The Voice: Generations is an Australian singing competition television series. It premiered on the Seven Network on 31 January 2022. Based on the original The Voice of Holland, it is the latest spin-off of The Voice franchise.
Unlike the main series, the show features groups of at least two members coming from different generations with no age limit. Groups must have a pre-existing relationship such as families, friends, students and teachers, neighbours, and the like.
The series employs a panel of four coaches who critique the artists' performances and guide their teams of selected artists through the remainder of the season. They also compete to ensure that their act wins the competition, thus making them the winning coach. The coaching panel consists of Keith Urban, Guy Sebastian, Rita Ora, and Jessica Mauboy.
Production
On 16 July 2021, The Voice casting website announced the application for a new version of the show to be broadcast in 2022: The Voice: Generations, where family or friend groups consisting in singers of all ages are the ones who can apply. This is an original version of The Voice franchise, with the idea being adapted to the Lithuanian series a few weeks later. The first season is hosted by Sonia Kruger and has Jessica Mauboy, Rita Ora, Guy Sebastian and Keith Urban as coaches.
Format
The show is part of The Voice franchise and comprises three rounds: blind auditions, battle rounds, and grand finale.
Blind auditions
Four coaches, all noteworthy recording artists, create their teams of two groups through a blind audition process during the auditionee's performance. If two or more judges want the same group, the group has the final choice of coach.
Battles
Each group of singers is mentored and developed by their respective coach. In the Battles, coaches pit their two acts to go against each other in a sing-off. They all have different songs, after which the coach chooses which act will advance into the Grand Finale.
Grand finale
The final four groups compete against each other with the winner being decided by a public vote.
Coaches and hosts
Prior to the premiere of the show, it was announced that Urban, Ora, Mauboy, and Sebastian would serve as the coaches for the series, all of whom have served as coaches in the tenth season of the original series. Sonia Kruger, who was also in the main version, is the show's host.
Series overview
Team Keith
Team Guy
Team Jess
Team Rita
Teams
Colour key
Winner
Finalist
Eliminated in the Battle rounds
After Auditions, half of The Wenas had to self-isolate, and so spent the rest of the performance from home.
Episodes
Blind auditions
In the blind auditions, the coaches can get only two artists to fill their respective teams.
Battles
Ratings
See also
List of Australian music television shows
The Voice (franchise)
List of Australian television series
List of programs broadcast by Seven Network
References
External links
Official website
Seven Network original programming
2022 Australian television series debuts
Australian music television series
English-language television shows
Music competitions in Australia
Television shows set in Sydney
Australian television series based on Dutch television series
Television series by ITV Studios | [
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Monique de Saint-Martin (born 1940) is a sociologist born in France.
Introduction
She is the director of studies at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Monique de Saint-Martinis is known for her work with Pierre Bourdieu. The focus of her research is on the sociology of elites, the sociology of the Grandes écoles and the sociology of employers. Prior to her position at the EHESS, she was involved with the Laboratory Council of the Center for the Study of Social Movements from 2005 to 2008.
Publications
References
French sociologists
Social critics
Writers about activism and social change
1940 births
Living people
French women sociologists | [
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Valerie Rawlston Wilson is an American economist who directs the Economic Policy Institute’s Program on Race, Ethnicity, and the Economy (PREE). She was previously vice president of research at the National Urban League Washington Bureau. She researches and writes about economic inequality in the United States in employment and training, income and wealth disparities, access to higher education, and social insurance. She has testified before the United States Congressional Committee on Education and Labor on How COVID-19 Widened Racial Inequities in Education, Health, and the Workforce. She is the 2022 president of the National Economic Association.
Selected works
Wilson, Valerie Rawlston. "The effect of attending an HBCU on persistence and graduation outcomes of African-American college students." The Review of Black Political Economy 34, no. 1-2 (2007): 11–52.
Rawlston-Wilson, Valerie, Susie Saavedra, and Shree Chauhan. "From access to completion: A seamless path to college graduation for African American students." (2014).
Wilson, Valerie Rawlston, and Renee R. Hanson. "Effective policies for promoting early behavioral development." Harvard Journal Of African American Public Policy (2009): 1555–66.
Gould, Elise Lorraine, and Valerie Rawlston-Wilson. Black Workers Face Two of the Most Lethal Preexisting Conditions for Coronavirus—racism and Economic Inequality: Report. Economic Policy Institute, 2020.
WILSON, VALERIE RAWLSTON. "African Americans & the Green Revolution: A Report from the National Urban League Policy Institute."
References
African-American economists
Hampton University alumni
American women economists
Living people
Labor economists
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Presidents of the National Economic Association
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women | [
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HMS Pioneer was a Pigmy–class schooner of the Royal Navy, launched in 1810 as a cutter. During her service with the Navy she captured one French privateer and assisted at the capture of another. In 1823–1824 she underwent fitting for the Coast Guard blockade. She then served with the Coast Guard to 1845. She was sold at Plymouth in 1849.
Royal Navy
Lieutenant John Row Morris commissioned Pioneer in May 1810.
Pioneer shared with and in the proceeds from the capture on 14 October of Delphina.
Between October and November 1811, Pioneer was at Sheerness, being converted to a schooner. However, mentions of her in the press alternated between "cutter" and "schooner", and occasionally, "sloop".
On 21 March 1812 Pioneer chased three smuggling gallies ashore between Deal and Walmer Castle. She was able to seize one, together with the spirits the galley was carrying. Small arms fire by persons on shore hit Pioneers boat and prevented Pioneer from capturing either of the other two . The Commissioners of His Majesty's Customs offered a reward of £200 for information leading to the capture and conviction of the men who had fired the shots.
On 10 May Pioneer and captured the French privateer lugger Infatigable. She was six hours out of Boulogne and had made no captures. Of her crew of 29 men her captain was killed and 9 men were wounded before she struck.
On 11 September captured the French privateer lugger Bon Genie, that the cutters Pioneer and were chasing. Bon Genie was pierced for 16 guns but only had four mounted. She had a crew of 60 men, and did not strike until she had lost three men killed and 16 wounded, most severely. She had left Boulogne the previous day and had not captured anything.
On 30 December 1812 a French privateer captured Riga Merchant, of Sunderland, off Farleigh. The "Pioneer cutter" recaptured Riga Merchant the same day and sent her into Dover. His Majesty's was in company.
On 7 September 1813 Decoy and Pioneer recaptured the English brig William.
On 15 June 1814 Morris was promoted to commander.
In June Lieutenant John Hill replaced Morris.
On 9 January 1815 the schooner Pioneer arrived at Falmouth, Cornwall. She had left Newfoundland 16 days earlier with a fleet, but had parted from the fleet in a gale that had forced her to throw of her guns overboard. Then on 6 January a United States sloop-of-war or large privateer had chased her.
On 11 May the "Pioneer cutter" arrived at the Downs from the Scheldt. Pioneer was accompanied by a large schooner laden with gunpowder that Pioneer had detained.
In April 1815 Lieutenant John Wood Rouse replaced Hill.
On 24 May 1817 Pioneer seized the boat Blossom, and the spirits she was carrying.
On 1 June 1818 Pioneer, Lieutenant Rouse, captured the smuggling vessel De Wasp.
In December 1818 Lieutenant William Oldrey replaced Rouse. Pioneer was reconverted to a cutter in 1819. Between March 1819 and June 1820, Pioneer, Lieutenant Oldroy, made several seizures of smuggled goods.
On 5 May 1822 Pioneer towed into Hull Blessing, Robinson, master. Blessing had been on her way from Shields to London when Blessing ran on shore near Cromer and damaged her rudder.
Coast Guard and fate
Between January 1823 and April 1824 Pioneer was at Plymouth being fitted for the Coast Blockade. She then served the Coast Guard to 1845. She was sold at Plymouth on 4 September 1849.
Notes, citations, and references
Notes
Citations
References
1810 ships
Cutters of the Royal Navy
Schooners of the Royal Navy | [
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The "" (English: Weekly magazine for the German book trade), until 2002 "" (English: Trade exchange newspaper for the German book trade), is the association organ of the Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels. The publication, founded in 1834, is the magazine with the highest number of advertisements and circulation in the German book selling trade. It came out once a week, later twice a week, and even daily for many years.
The is published by the (English: Marketing and publishing service of the book trade). It informs the professional audience as well as private readers about news on the book market. Since January 2013, the specialist magazine has been published in weekly alternation as the "" and the "". The highlights the trends within the various product groups. Current industry reports are published on the magazine's homepage.
The publishes various bestseller lists, including an audio book best list, a non-fiction best list, a bestseller lists with the best-selling titles from fiction and non-fiction as well as, since spring 2018, the independent charts of publications from smaller, independent publishers.
Editor-in-chief is Torsten Casimir, the previously head of Feuilleton of the Rheinische Post.
History
The founded the in 1834. From the year 1835 on, it became the property of the and now bore the designation "" (English: Official newspaper of the stock exchange association) on its title page. Since the beginning of 1835, B. G. Teubner at Augustusplatz in Leipzig took over the printing. At first, the appeared weekly, but then changed to daily from 1867. In 1945, the was temporarily discontinued.
In the Western occupation zones the paper appeared under the same title (or ) with the addition "" (English: Frankfurt Edition) from 1945. Sine 1946, was again published weekly in the Soviet zone of occupation.
In 1990, the two publications were issued separately for the last time (Leipzig: 157th year). Since the merger of the two e on 1 January 1991 only one has been published each week. The Leipzig mode of counting volumes was adopted.
In April 2020, the Saxon State and University Library Dresden (SLUB) made the years 1834 to 1945 available as full text free of charge.
Awards
In 1977, the founded the for Literary Criticism, which is awarded annually.
See also
BuchMarkt
References
Further reading
External links
Official website
Börsenblatt digital: Digital edition of the years 1834 to 1945
Publications established in 1834
German-language magazines
Magazines about the media
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This is a list of notable people reported as having died from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a result of infection by the virus SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic in South America.
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
See also
Deaths in 2020
Deaths in 2021
Deaths in 2022
List of deaths due to COVID-19
List of notable COVID-19 deaths in Africa
List of notable COVID-19 deaths in Oceania
List of notable COVID-19 deaths in Asia
List of notable COVID-19 deaths in North America
Notes
Deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic
COVID-19
COVID-19
COVID-19
COVID-19
Deaths
Deaths due to COVID-19
Deaths due to COVID-19 | [
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Andrew M. Blair (April 1818???) was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He served in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing Ozaukee County.
Biography
Andrew Blair was born in Stannard, Caledonia County, Vermont, in April 1818. He was raised on his father's farm and attended the Newbury Seminary, then spent one year studying at the University of Vermont. He read law in the office of attorney Thomas Bartlett, in Lyndon, Vermont, and was admitted to the bar in December 1843. He practiced law in Hardwick, Vermont, for five years before deciding to move west to the new state of Wisconsin.
In June 1849, he settled at Port Washington, Wisconsin, in what would soon become Ozaukee County—at the time, this area was part of Washington County. He established a legal practice in Port Washington and quickly became involved in local affairs. He was elected to the Wisconsin State Senate in 1852, running on the Democratic Party ticket. During his term, Ozaukee County was created from the towns which made up his Senate district.
In 1854, he was the Democratic nominee for Wisconsin circuit court in the 3rd circuit, but was defeated by incumbent Charles H. Larrabee.
Blair subsequently joined the new Republican Party shortly after its formation in 1854. He remained a Republican through the Civil War, supporting Lincoln and Grant, but then joined the Liberal Republican Party in 1872, and subsequently rejoined the Democratic Party when the Liberal Republican Party dissolved.
During the Civil War, Blair was caught up in the Ozaukee Draft Riot. Blair was originally suggested to Governor Salomon as a good candidate for draft commissioner in Ozaukee County, but did not receive the appointment. The man who was appointed drew the wrath of the public with a selection process that seemed to excuse the wealthy. On the day of the draft, a mob descended on the draft office and destroyed the draft rolls. They then destroyed the home of the draft commissioner and the homes of several other prominent masons in the city, including Andrew Blair. Blair received $1,200 compensation from the Wisconsin Legislature in the 1863 session.
He relocated to the city of Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, in the Spring of 1863, and became a prominent lawyer there. He served for many years as a justice of the peace, police justice, and circuit court commissioner. He can be found as a frequent litigant before the Wisconsin Supreme Court with the legal partnerships Blair & Lord and later Blair & Coleman.
Personal life and family
Andrew M. Blair was one of eight children born to Andrew Blair and his wife Elizabeth ( Reynolds—sometimes spelled Runnels or Ronnalds). The grandfather of Andrew M. Blair was Robert Blair, a Scottish American immigrant who established a farm in Caledonia County, Vermont.
Several of Andrew M. Blair's siblings also settled in Wisconsin in the early years of the state. His older brother Robert lived for some time in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, before moving to Virginia, and his brother Alexander and sister Eliza lived the rest of their lives at La Crosse, Wisconsin.
Andrew Blair married Caroline Tuttle at Detroit, Michigan, in 1852. Caroline Tuttle was the daughter of David Tuttle of Hardwick, Vermont. There were no known children from this marriage.
Electoral history
Wisconsin circuit court (1854)
| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;background-color: #e9e9e9;"| General Election, April 4, 1854
References
People from Caledonia County, Vermont
People from Port Washington, Wisconsin
People from Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Wisconsin state senators
Wisconsin Democrats
Wisconsin Liberal Republicans
Wisconsin Republicans
1818 births
Date of birth uncertain
Year of death unknown
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Eeva Kaarina Leinonen (; born 1958; sometimes Eeva Kaarina Leinonen-Davies) is a Finnish educator and educational administrator. Since 1 October 2021, she has been president of Maynooth University in Ireland, having previously headed Murdoch University in Australia.
An academic leader and professor of many years standing in a number of third level institutions, Leinonen works in the areas of linguistics, especially clinical linguistics and pragmatics, and psychology, with research interests including aspects of autistic spectrum disorders, in addition to elements of higher education management and learning.
Early life and education
Leinonen was born in 1958 in Oulu, Finland, one of three children of working-class parents. She and her brothers grew, and attended school, there, though she did take a year in Michigan as an exchange student. She pursued higher education, the first in her family's history to do so, opting for UK institutions; she commented later on the challenges involved in studying in a different linguistic environment. She took her bachelor's degree, a B.Sc. in Linguistics and Psychology, at Aston University in Birmingham, followed by an M.Phil. at the University of Exeter; her dissertation, released in 1984, considered, as part of a textual analysis approach, the experience of Finnish learners of English. She then joined the research team of Professor Pamela Grunwell, a specialist in Clinical Linguistics and Phonology at Leicester Polytechnic (later De Montfort University). She pursued a Ph.D. in Clinical Linguistics and her thesis, published in 1987, explored the phonological systems of children.
Career
Teaching and management roles
Having started teaching and research at Hatfield Polytechnic in the late 1980s, by the 2000s, Leinonen was Professor of Psycholinguistics at what had become in 1992 the University of Hertfordshire; she was also appointed as deputy vice-chancellor there. For part of the same period, she was a private docent - a scholar with the equivalent of two doctoral theses - at the University of Oulu in Finland, working with clinical linguistics. In September 2009, after almost 20 years at Hertfordshire, she joined the faculty at King's College London, where she was Professor of Clinical Linguistics, and was also appointed vice-principal for education, and deputy chairperson of the Academic Board.
In 2012, Leinonen moved to Australia, going directly from King's to the wide campus of the University of Wollongong in New South Wales, 80 km from Sydney, where she took up a role as deputy vice-chancellor, with overall responsibility for education. Succeeding a 42-year veteran academic leader, and joining a new vice-chancellor, Prof. Paul Wellings, Leinonen outlined plans to work on student university life, digital learning and community outreach and participation. From April 2016, she moved to become vice-chancellor, the chief officer, of Murdoch University in Perth, Western Australia, after the previous vice-chancellor, Richard Higgott, had departed in October 2014 in controversial circumstances, to be replaced by an acting head, Prof. Andrew Taggart from 2014 to 2016.
Murdoch University
Leinonen was the first female head of Murdoch University, established in 1973 as the second State university of Western Australia. She took office on 4 April 2016, with the formal investiture, presided over by the Governor of Western Australia, held later in the year. In 2018, her salary, for a university of around 23,000 students, 750 academics and 999 general staff was noted in the press as, at 755,000 Australian dollars, higher than that of Australia’s Prime Minister; the salary rose to 930,000 AUD by 2019, even as staff cuts (the main union feared at least 200 job losses) and a 25 million AUD salary saving were sought.
The university's chancellor, its ceremonial chairperson, praised Leinonen's work when he announced her plans to move to Ireland, but there were also some controversies during her term, most notably around the cessation of most science, technology and mathematics studies as separate degrees, a long-term major increase in online lecturing beyond Covid provisions and the termination of courses in Bahasa Indonesian and other topics.
Maynooth University
Leinonen was announced on International Women's Day, in March 2021, as the successor to Prof. Philip Nolan as president of Maynooth University, County Kildare, Ireland. She served at Murdoch University for another six months, taking office at Maynooth on 1 October 2021. She became the first female leader of the university, and the third woman to take the full leadership role of an Irish university in the span of under 15 months - an interim appointment at the University of Limerick mid-2020 was followed by the selection of Maggie Cusack to lead the newly-formed Munster Technological University from 1 January 2021, the election of Linda Doyle at Trinity College Dublin, effective 1 August - and Leinonen's commencement was followed a week later by the full appointment of Kerstin Mey as head of the University of Limerick.
Recognition
Leinonen was awarded an honorary degree, D.Sc. (H.C.) for her services to education by one of her almae matres, Aston University, in 2018.
Publications
Leinonen has co-authored two books, and contributed articles to others, as well as to journals. The books are:
Smith, Benita R. and Leinonen, Eeva K. / Clinical Pragmatics: Unravelling the Complexities of Communicative Failure / UK: Nelson Thornes, 1991
Leinonen, Eeva; Letts, Carolyn; Smith, Benita Rae / Children's pragmatic communication difficulties / UK: London and US: Philadelphia, 2000
Personal life
Leinonen has a daughter, Niina, an anthropologist, who lives and works in London. Her husband is Australian, and he and she moved to Finland partly to be with his aging parents. With both her daughter and his two children based in the UK, they were visiting there regularly and she stated that one reason for moving to Ireland was to be nearer all three children, as Australia was no longer a single simple flight away.
References
1958 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Finnish academics
Finnish women academics
Academics of the University of Hertfordshire
Professorships at King's College London
University of Wollongong faculty
Murdoch University Vice-Chancellors
People associated with Maynooth University
Finnish expatriates in Australia
Finnish expatriates in Ireland
Finnish expatriates in the United Kingdom | [
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Ri Il-song (; born 14 January 2004) is a North Korean footballer.
Career
Ri first rose to prominence after scoring two goals for the April 25 under-15 team in a 3–1 win over the South Korean Gangwon-do representative team.
A fast-paced winger, he made his first mark on the international stage at qualification for the 2020 AFC U-16 Championship, scoring five goals in only three appearances, including a hat-trick in a resounding 16–0 win over Guam.
Before the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea, Ri had planned to move abroad to Spain to pursue a career in professional football. However, by the time English newspaper The Guardian had named him as one of the 60 best young players in the world in October 2021, Ri had not played football at all in over a year.
References
2004 births
Living people
North Korean footballers
Association football forwards
April 25 Sports Club players
North Korea youth international footballers | [
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Gabrielle E. W. Carter is a cultural preservationist, artist, co-founder of Tall Grass Food Box, and creator of Revival Taste Collective.
Early life
Carter was born around 1990. She attended the Academy of Art University in San Francisco. Before she got into the food business, Carter had a career in fashion and marketing in New York City. She started helping her friends' food businesses and various food charities and even became a line cook while doing research with chef JJ Johnson on Oryza glaberrima.
Tall Grass Food
In 2018, Carter moved to Apex, North Carolina to live with her great-grandfather on their family farm so that she could record family's stories. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Carter alongside her partner Derrick Beasley, and friend Gerald Harris founded the Tall Grass Food Box to support Black farmers. Tall Grass Food Box is based on a community-supported agriculture model (CSA). She created a supper series called the Revival Taste Collective, where she hosts guest on her family farm and features foods from local Black farmers and stories about their agricultural traditions.
Carter was featured as one of the 12 Under 35: Breakout Talent to Watch by the Specialty Food Association in 2020. In 2021, Carter's work and her family's own farming history is highlighted on Netflix's television series High on the Hog.
References
External links
Interview between Gabrielle E.W. Carter and INDY Week
Revival Taste Collective Official Website
Tall Grass Food Box Official Website
Living people
African-American women in business
Academy of Art University alumni
African-American farmers
Historical preservationists | [
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The Park Trades Center is an arts center located at 326 W. Kalamazoo Ave in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States. Originally a manufacturing faculty, the building was repurposed and began to attract artists in the 1970s, and today is home to artist studios and arts organizations. The center is home to Glass Arts Kalamazoo and the Kalamazoo Book Arts Center, as well as studios dedicated to blacksmithing, cabinetmaking, glassblowing, ceramics, photography and other mediums. The center is a popular location to visit during Kalamazoo's Art Hop, a regular event sponsored by the Arts Council of Greater Kalamazoo.
History
Built in the early 1900s, the building was home to the Saniwax Paper Co., with "Saniwax Building" still visible on the exterior brick structure. Other early occupants included the Kalamazoo Loose Leaf Binder Co. In 1982 the property was purchased, repurposed, and renamed as the Park Trades Center.
References
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María Barrasa García (born 14 March 1995) is a Spanish volleyball player. She is a member of the Spain women's national volleyball team.
She competed at the 2021 Women's European Volleyball League winning a bronze medal.
She played for CV Haro and Avarca de Menorca.
References
External links
Maria Barrasa renova un any més amb l’Avarca Menorca 2021
Living people
1995 births
Spanish women's volleyball players | [
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The NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance– Television or Film arose as a category in 2016, and was awarded until 2021, when the award was split to honor film and television performances separately. Prior to this category, voice-over performances in animated works were typically nominated and honored in the Outstanding Youth Performance category.
Winners and nominees
Multiple nominations
Loretta Devine received the most nominations in this category for her voice work in Doc McStuffins.
References
NAACP Image Awards
Voice acting awards | [
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Aubrey Williams (1926–1990) was a Guyanese artist. Other people of the same name include:
Aubrey Williams (British Army officer) (1888–1977)
Aubrey Willis Williams (1890–1965), American activist
See also
Gwilym Gwent (1834–1891), composer born William Aubrey Williams | [
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HMS Marne was a which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class were an improvement on the preceding , capable of higher speed. The ship, the first Royal Navy vessel to be named after the River Marne, was launched on 29 May 1915. For much of the war, the destroyer escorted merchant ships in convoys and Royal Navy warships, but was also involved in the rescue of crew from the battleship in 1916. The destroyer also took part in the Battle of Jutland as part of the shield for the British battlecruisers and engaged with the German light cruiser force with torpedoes. After the armistice, Marne was placed in reserve before being decommissioned and, on 31 November 1921, sold to be broken up.
Design and development
Marne was one of the initial six s ordered by the British Admiralty in September 1914 as part of the First Emergency War Programme. The M-class was an improved version of the earlier destroyers, designed to reach a higher speed in order to counter rumoured German fast destroyers, although it transpired these vessels did not exist.
The destroyer was long overall, with a beam of and a draught of . Displacement was normal and full load. Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding two Brown-Curtis steam turbines rated at and driving two shafts, to give a design speed of . Three funnels were fitted and of oil was carried, giving a design range of at .
Armament consisted of three Mk IV QF guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the middle and aft funnels. A single 2-pounder (40 mm) pom-pom anti-aircraft gun was carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for torpedoes. Initially, the ship carried no fire-control system, but during 1916 the vessel was equipped with a single Dumaresq analogue computer and a Vickers range clock. The ship had a complement of 76 officers and ratings.
Construction and career
Marne was laid down by John Brown & Company of Clydebank on 30 September 1914 alongside sister ship with the yard number 434, launched on 29 May the following year and completed on 27 September. The destroyer was the first vessel in the navy to be named after the river Marne in France. The ship was deployed as part of the Grand Fleet, joining the newly formed Eleventh Destroyer Flotilla.
After the battleship had struck a mine on 10 January 1916, Marne was one of twelve destroyers that came to the stricken ship's aid. The destroyer, along with , and , transferred all but one of the crew and took them back to port. On 1 May, the destroyer picked up the survivors from the armed merchant ship SS San Urbano, which had been sunk by . At the Battle of Jutland later that year, Marne served as one of four members of the Eleventh Destroyer Flotilla attached to the First and Fourth Battle Squadrons. The flotilla then formed close to the dreadnought battleship when the two fleets converged on 31 May. As the German fleet approached during the night, the flotilla was spotted by the vanguard of the High Seas Fleet, The destroyers, led by the light cruiser , attacked the German light cruisers. Marne launching a torpedo that failed to impact. In return, the destroyer received a hit from a shell on the upper deck aft which failed to explode.
During the following year, Marne was transferred to the Northern Division of the Coast of Ireland Station based at Buncrana. The destroyer was part of the escort service provided to convoys travelling across the Atlantic. The Division provided three escorts every eight days to protect convoys travelling to and from Halifax, Nova Scotia. On 2 October, the destroyer briefly escorted after the armoured cruiser had been torpedoed by .
After the armistice, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of mobilisation and Marne was declared superfluous to operational requirements. On 22 October 1919, the destroyer was reduced and placed in reserve at Devonport. However, this did not last long and, after being decommissioned, on 31 November 1921, Marne was sold to G Cohen to be broken up in Germany.
Pennant numbers
References
Citations
Bibliography
1915 ships
Admiralty M-class destroyers
Ships built on the River Clyde
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Patricia Monk (1938-2021) was a professor at Dalhousie University from 1970 to her retirement in 2003. She was the first woman to be promoted to full professor in Dalhousie's English department and is known for her work on Canadian literature and science fiction. She was born in Stockport, and died at the age of 83 on 29 December 2021 in Halifax.
Selected publications
Alien Theory: The Alien as Archetype in the Science Fiction Short Story (2006)
Mud and Magic Shows: Robertson Davies's Fifth Business (1992)
The Gilded Beaver: An Introduction to the Life and Work of James De Mille (Toronto: ECW Press, 1991)
The Smaller Infinity: Jungian Self in the Novels of Robertson Davies (1982)
References
External links
The Patricia Monk fonds at Dalhousie University Archives
1938 births
2021 deaths
Canadian women academics
Canadian studies
Science fiction academics
Dalhousie University faculty | [
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The Call is an album by bassist Henry Grimes. It was recorded in December 1965 in New York City, and was released by the ESP-Disk label in 1966. On the album, Grimes is joined by clarinetist Perry Robinson and drummer Tom Price.
Reception
In an review for AllMusic, Scott Yanow wrote: "Although Grimes played in a wide variety of settings in the late 1950s, he was working exclusively in the avant-garde by 1965. Teamed with clarinetist Perry Robinson in one of his earliest recordings and the obscure drummer Tom Price, Grimes gets a fair amount of solo space on these six group originals. However, it is for Robinson's playing that the adventurous but not overly memorable disc is chiefly recommended."
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz awarded the album 3 stars, stating that the album was interesting "for a first view of Perry Robinson and for some strong solo statements from the leader."
Track listing
"Fish Story" (Grimes) - 4:30
"For Django" (Grimes) - 11:07
"Walk On" (Robinson) - 3:10
"Saturday Nite What Th'" (Grimes) - 3:32
"The Call" (Robinson) - 7:51
"Son Of Alfalfa" (Grimes) - 3:20
Personnel
Perry Robinson – clarinet
Henry Grimes – bass
Tom Price – drums
References
1966 albums
Henry Grimes albums | [
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Anixia buxi is a species of fungus belonging to the Anixia genus. It was documented in 1882. Its basionym is Orbicula buxi, which belongs to the Orbicula genus, but its taxonomy is uncertain.
References
Agaricomycetes
Fungi described in 1882 | [
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The Middle English Story of Genesis and Exodus is an anonymous English vernacular poem written around 1250 in Norfolk. In 4162 lines of verse it runs from the creation of the world until the death of Moses. There is a modern critical edition by Arngart. The 19th-century edition by Morris is available on Project Guttenberg.
Text sample
The following passage is interesting for containing the earliest reference to the Firmament of Heaven in the English language.
References
Sources
; on Project Gutenberg; on Internet Archive. | [
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A coup d'état was attempted in Guinea-Bissau on 1 February 2022. A few hours later, president Umaro Sissoco Embaló declared the coup over, he said that "many" members of the security forces had been killed in a "failed attack against democracy."
The president Umaro Sissoco Embaló told the AFP news agency in a telephone call that "All is well", and added that the situation is "under control". He said that the failed coup attempt may have been linked to drug trade and was also an assassination attempt, "It wasn't just a coup. It was an attempt to kill the president, the prime minister and all the cabinet." He also stated that the army was not involved in the failed coup.
Coup
Armed men surrounded the government palace on 1 February 2022, where President Umaro Sissoco Embaló and Prime Minister Nuno Gomes Nabiam were believed to have gone to attend a cabinet meeting. The state broadcaster reported that the shooting damaged the government palace, which is located close to the airport, and that "invaders" were holding government officials. Al Jazeera reporter, Nicolas Haque, said it was unclear whether the gunfire was the presidential guards trying to protect the president, or if there was an attack on the government palace. Portugal’s foreign affairs minister said that Embaló was at his official residence, but it was not clear if the attack on the government was over. "The latest information I have is positive given that the president is already at his palace, at his official residence... but we still don’t know if the attack is over," Augusto Santos Silva said in an interview with Portuguese broadcaster RTP.
President Embaló told AFP news agency in a telephone call: "All is well" and added that the situation is "under control". The government announced Embaló would speak to the nation from the government palace on the evening of 1 February and invited reporters to attend the speech there. He announced that "many" members of the security forces had been killed in a "failed attack against democracy." He stated that attackers had tried to enter the government compound just after the cabinet meeting but had been successfully repelled. He described the coup as an assassination attempt, "It wasn't just a coup. It was an attempt to kill the president, the prime minister and all the cabinet." He added that the attack "was well prepared and organised and could also be related to people involved in drug trafficking", giving no further details. He suggested in a video that the army was not involved in the coup attempt. "I can assure you that no camp joined this attempted coup. It was isolated. It is linked to people we have fought against," he said, without elaborating.
On 2 February, life was slowly returning to Bissau's streets as businesses and banks reopened. Soldiers, on the other hand, were patrolling the streets and blocking entry to the Palace of Government complex, where the incident occurred. According to the military source, a large dragnet has been created by a panel of inquiry, and military intelligence personnel are collecting intelligence at government headquarters.
Reactions
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) said in a statement, "ECOWAS condemns the coup attempt and holds the military responsible for the physical integrity of President Umaro Sissoco Embaló and members of his government. ECOWAS asks the military to return to their barracks and maintain a republican posture." The African Union also condemned the 'attempted coup'. President of the African Union Commission, Moussa Faki Mahamat, called "on the military to return to their barracks without delay and to protect the physical safety of President Umaro Sissoco Embaló and members of his government and to immediately free those of them who are in detention."
See also
2012 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état
2021 Guinean coup d'état
2021 Malian coup d'état
2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état
References
Coup d'état
2022 mass shootings in Africa
2022 murders in Africa
2020s coups d'état and coup attempts
2020s mass shootings in Africa
Bissau
February 2022 crimes
February 2022 events in Africa
2022 attempt | [
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Before Yesterday We Could Fly: An Afrofuturist Period Room is an art exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. The exhibit, which opened on November 5, 2021, uses a period room format of installation to envision the past, present, and future home of someone who lived in Seneca Village, a largely African American settlement which was destroyed to make way for the construction of Central Park in the mid-1800s.
Background and description
Period rooms are common, immersive museum installations which recreate an interior from a particular time and place by curating art, architecture, furniture, and other objects from that era. Before Yesterday We Could Fly began with a question of what a period room could be if it were not set in the past, but in the present or future. The form has been subject to some criticism for providing idealized historical scenes which, according to co-curator Sarah Lawrence, are ultimately "complete fiction" and largely "white affluent Eurocentric interiors". According to Artnet's Darla Migan, they also reinforce "a general sense of cultural superiority among those who have inherited the benefits of gentry and labor".
Before Yesterday We Could Fly intentionally challenges what it means to be a period room by limiting the extent to which it purports historical authenticity. The exhibition focuses on Seneca Village, a 19th-century settlement of mostly African American landowners in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. In 1857, city officials forced its residents out in order to construct Central Park, justifying its use of eminent domain with racist stereotypes. The Met's location in Central Park is just east of where Seneca Village stood. The period room in the exhibit recreates the house of a fictional Seneca Village resident as it may have existed at the time, but also how their descendants may have lived in the present and future, as if the settlement had not been destroyed. The latter parts are influenced by Afrofuturism, an art genre, aesthetic, and philosophy which imagines possible futures through the lens of the African diaspora, touching on themes of imagination, self-determination, technology, and liberation. Co-curator Ian Alteveer said that because few records and remnants remain of Seneca Village, even the recreation of the past needed some "speculative imagination".
The room, on the first floor of the museum, takes the form of a clapboard house typical of the 19th century, with an open kitchen centered on a hearth, and a living room centered on a television. Visitors walk around the room rather than through it, able to see inside from the ends and from gaps in the walls. The kitchen area largely comprises objects and artworks from the past, but also includes modern works, and the living room is oriented more to the future.
The exhibit was curated by Oscar-winning production designer Hannah Beachler, with Met curators Ian Alteveer of the Modern and Contemporary Art Department and Sarah Lawrence of the Department of European Sculpture and Decorative Arts. Michelle Commander, associate director and curator of the Lapidus Center for the Historical Analysis of Transatlantic Slavery at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, was consulting director and literary scholar. The name of the exhibition, Before Yesterday We Could Fly, is from the 19th-century legend of the flying Africans who were able to resist enslavement by flying home. Specifically, it is based on the story as told by Virginia Hamilton in her book The People Could Fly. Migan wrote that a common thread among the contemporary works in the exhibit has to do with answering a "call of Pan-Africanist diasporic longing" that Commander's scholarship calls for. Beachler told Gothamist that although the exhibit deals with tragedy, she wanted visitors to first see "pride and joy ... and then explore deeper". It opened on November 5, 2021, and is scheduled to run for at least two years. It is the first of several exhibitions the Met is planning on the subjects of race and social justice.
Art and artists
The exhibit uses the Met's existing collections from as early as the 17th century, new acquisitions from artists like Ini Archibong, Cyrus Kabiru, Roberto Lugo, Zizipho Poswa, and Tourmaline, and three commissioned works by Njideka Akunyili Crosby, Fabiola Jean-Louis, and Jenn Nkiru. Some of the functional objects from the Met's collection were selected to evoke artifacts unearthed during Columbia University's 2011 Seneca Village Project, including a number of glass pieces; some of the newer works also fit into this theme. Overall, there are 74 artworks cataloged in the exhibition, not counting the architectural elements or the numerous books.
Multiple reviewers highlighted inkjet-printed vinyl wallpaper titled "Thriving and Potential, Displaced (Again and Again and…)" by Njideka Akunyili Crosby and a five-sided console television, recalling the network news era, designed by curator Hannah Beachler with a film by Jenn Nkiru titled "OUT/ SIDE OF TIME" shot on location in Weeksville, Brooklyn. For Salamishah Tillet of The New York Times, a dress made of paper, clay, gold, crystals, and resin, called "Justice of Ezili" by Jean-Louis Fabiola, best captures the combinations of times and objects in the exhibit. Hyperallergic's Valentina Di Liscia said Jomo Tariku's "Mido Chair" was "one of the most striking contemporary pieces on display". It is seen as resonating with a 19th vulcanite rubber comb also on display, a "[product] of a colonial economy that exploited Indigenous labor [with a] decorative border in the shape of a link chain [that] recalls the danger of capture and bondage faced by freed Black individuals following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850", which itself was chosen to evoke a gutta-percha comb excavated in 2011. Other artists in the exhibit include Willie Cole, Elizabeth Catlett, and Lorna Simpson.
Reception
In addition to praise for individual artworks like those of Crosby, Nkiru, and Fabiola, the exhibit has received largely positive reviews. Salamishah Tillet called the rooms "breathtaking" and wrote that one of the most salient characteristics of the exhibit is its "ornateness [which] underscores the toll of the city's loss, and the consequences of denying Black people the ability to pass on their wealth across generations". Tillet praised the use of a "traditional period room, a genre that is increasingly scrutinized by critics for its whitewashing of history", changing it from something that claims to be an accurate portrayal of the past to something that "[embraces] how the racial contradictions of New York City's history and the utopian aspirations of Seneca Village continue to shape our country today". Gothamist's Jennifer Vanasco called the exhibit "a finely-detailed marvel" and "a sparkling wonder, with surprising objects everywhere one looks". Met Costume Institute Fellow Jonathan Square told Hyperallergic that while he loved the idea, he would have preferred a better use of space than a "structure within a structure" which felt "a bit cluttered, and feels a little ramshackled". Darla Migan wrote in Artnet that although it feels "cramped" relative to similar rooms in the museum, it "works considering that the intention behind this project is also far less grandiose" than traditional period rooms.
References
External links
Exhibition catalogue:
Metropolitan Museum of Art exhibitions
2021 in art
African-American art
History of New York City
Afrofuturism
Installation art works
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Between January 31 to February 1, heavy rains in Haiti caused floods. On February 1, five people had been killed by the floods with one more person missing.
See also
Weather of 2022
References
2022 floods
2022 in Haiti
2022 meteorology
2020s floods in North America
Floods in Haiti
January 2022 events in North America
February 2022 events in North America | [
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Marco Tulio Aceituno Mejia (born 28 December 2003) is a Honduran footballer playing as a forward for Real España.
Career statistics
Club
References
Living people
2003 births
Honduran footballers
Association football forwards
Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Honduras players
Real C.D. España players | [
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Ibn-e-Hawwa () is a Pakistani television drama series produced by Momina Duraid under banner MD Productions, written by Saji Gul and directed by Syed Ahmed Kamran. It broadcasts weekly on Hum TV from 8 February 2022. Ibn-e-Hawa is a portrayal of how men are taught to hate women. Further, the writer states that being called 'Ibn-e-Adam', men are made to associate themselves with a male figure. Hawa's name often gets overshadowed.
Cast
Hira Mani as Mahjabeen
Shehzad Sheikh as Zahid
Aymen Saleem as Aliya
Nadia Afgan as Shabban
Noman Habib
Tahira Imam as Zahid's aunt
Asad Mumtaz Malik
Zain Afzal
Agha Talal
Inaya Khan
Production
The project was first announced by Saleem through his Instagram account.
The series is written by Saji Gul who previously write for O Rangreza and directed by Syed Ahmed Kamran who previously directed crime thriller Phaans.
In conversation with Dawn Images, Gul said that the drama's theme tackles the issue of misogyny. "It will be about how the mind of a man is moulded within a patriarchal system, how he is taught that a woman is inherently evil, how the man starts seeing all relationships in a negative light and as a burden, how he sees a woman as a deceiver," he said.
Speaking about the series' title he said, "Normally the terms Ibn-e-Adam (son of Adam) or Bint e Hawwa (daughter of Eve) are used. However, [we tend to forget] the son of Adam is also the son of Eve, he doesn't just descend from Adam alone."
The initial teasers were released on 21 January 2022.
Reception
The serial started with a TRP of 7.8
References
2022 Pakistani television series debuts
Hum TV original programming
Pakistani romantic drama television series | [
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Toro is a 2016 action thriller film directed by Kike Maíllo starring Mario Casas, Luis Tosar and José Sacristán.
Plot
Action takes place in 48 hours. Reuniting after 5 years, two brothers, Toro and López (the former has just got out of jail while the latter was fleeing from law enforcement alongside his daughter after a theft), embark on a journey across Andalusia.
Cast
Production
The screenplay was co-penned by and . The film is an Apaches Entertainment (Apache Films), Atresmedia Cine, Zircozine, Escándalo Films, Maestranza Films and Ran Entertainment production, with the participation of Atresmedia, Movistar+, TVG and Canal Sur Televisión. Production also featured the association of Media 2013-Back up Media and it had support from ICAA, ICO, Junta de Andalucía, and Xunta de Galicia. Shooting began by January 2015. It was shot in between Galicia (including Vigo, Pontevedra, Cerceda and Ourense) and Andalusia (including Almería, Málaga, Benalmádena, Torremolinos and Fuengirola).
Release
Toro pre-screened in Vigo. It screened on 22 April 2016 as the opening film of the 19th Málaga Spanish Film Festival. Distributed by Universal Pictures International Spain, the film received a wide release in Spanish theatres on the same day.
Reception
Pere Vall of Fotogramas rated the film with 4 out of 5 stars, highlighting Casas' performance (bringing brutality and tenderness together) as the best thing about the film, while missing more screentime from García-Jonsson.
Reviewing for El Periódico de Catalunya, Beatriz Martínez scored 3 out of 5 stars, finding satifying that Toro breaks the self-imposed limits of political correctness in Spanish cinema, also considering that the film featured "one of the most conceptual visual designs of recent times", although she considered that eventually Kike Maíllo's filmmaking hids behind "impostured images lacking a true soul".
Lluís Bonet Mojica of La Vanguardia wrote that the cast (particularly Sacristán) was the film's best asset. He deemed however that the film does not quite come together, and that the non-stop action scenes fall into repetition and produce a certain weariness.
Jonathan Holland of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that while thundering along nicely and a "central trio of fine performances and satisfyingly breakneck pace", the film's "insistence on pushing all the right cinematic buttons means that below the surface, it doesn't quite stand up".
See also
List of Spanish films of 2016
List of French films of 2016
References
External links
Toro at ICAA's Catálogo de Cinespañol
2016 films
Spanish films
French films
2016 action thriller films
Spanish action thriller films
French action thriller films
Spanish-language films
Films set in Andalusia
Films shot in Almería
Films shot in Andalusia
Atresmedia Cine films | [
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Anixia wallrothii is a species of fungus belonging to the Anixia genus. It was documented in 1870 by German mycologist Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel.
References
Agaricomycetes
Fungi described in 1870
Taxa named by Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel | [
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Kitchen Table is a restaurant located in London, England. It was opened in 2012 by husband and wife, James Knappett and Sandia Chang. Along with the restaurant, they also opened a Champagne bar called Bubbledogs at the same site, but this was closed permanently due to the Covid-19 outbreak, with the old space being converted into a lounge for customers eating at Kitchen Table.
Description
The restaurant is located in Charlotte Street, close to other Michelin-starred restaurants Pied à Terre and The Ninth. The cuisine style of the restaurant is largely Modern British, with occasional influences of other countries, like France and Italy. The restaurant serves only 1 daily-changing tasting menu (vegetarian option available) each day, priced at £250 per person, which is focused on the element of surprise as none of the customers know what dishes are going to be served until they see them. The menu is typically very long, with the number of courses sometimes reaching 20. A copy of that day's menu is given to each customer at the end of the meal. The restaurant is unique in the way service is done; customers are led to a small, intimate dining room, all seated at the same time at a U-shaped table, surrounding the kitchen, allowing full views of the chefs working and dishes being made. Each dish will be explained in detail by Knappett or another chef. The whole experience takes around 4 hours.
Reception
Kitchen Table was awarded its first Michelin star in the 2015 guide and its second for the 2019 guide and has retained it ever since. The restaurant was also awarded Michelin's 'Welcome and Service Award' in 2018.
References
External links
Michelin Guide starred restaurants in the United Kingdom
Restaurants in London | [
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Anopheles sundaicus is a zoophilic mosquito of southeast Asia.
Species compex
Sukowati et al. 1999 finds there to be several cryptic species in an An. sundaicus complex. They use protein electrophoresis to reveal populations defined by their characteristic allozymes.
Hosts
Hosts include Bubalus bubalis. Kumari et al. 1993 finds An. sundaicus exclusively feeding on B. bubalis on Car Nicobar Island, Moorhouse and Wharton 1965 finds the same in Malaysia and Gould et al. 1966 in Thailand.
Control
Insecticide
Sargassum wightii and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis can be combined to produce antifeedant, insecticidal and growth inhibitor effects.
Insecticide resistance
Early studies of the inheritance of insecticide resistance were performed by Davidson 1957 and Soerono et al. 1965. Davidson 1957 found An. sundaicus DDT resistance was provided by only a single allele.
References
sundaicus
Insects of Thailand
Insects of Malaysia
Insects of India
Agricultural pest insects | [
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William Joel Pacho Tenorio, known as William Pacho (born 16 October 2001) is an Ecuadorian footballer who plays as a defender for Belgian club Antwerp.
Club career
On 28 January 2022, Pacho signed a 5-year contract with Antwerp in Belgium.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
References
2001 births
Living people
People from Quinindé
Ecuadorian footballers
Ecuador youth international footballers
Association football defenders
Ecuadorian Serie A players
C.S.D. Independiente del Valle footballers
Royal Antwerp F.C. players
Ecuadorian expatriate footballers
Ecuadorian expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Expatriate footballers in Belgium | [
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Essie Davis Morgan (December 31, 1919 – February 27, 1990) was an American social worker. She received the Federal Woman's Award in 1971, for her work on community services for disabled veterans.
Early life and education
Essie Mae Davis was born in Georgia, the daughter of Kence Charles Davis and Laura Jane Cooper Davis. Her father worked in railroad construction. Actor Ossie Davis and chemist William Conan Davis were two of her brothers. She graduated from Alabama State College, and earned a master's degree in social work at Atlanta University.
Career
Davis worked at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Tuskegee, Alabama, where she worked on community projects involving veterans with psychiatric disabilities and veterans who required dialysis. In 1965 she joined the social work staff at the Veterans' Administration (VA) offices in Washington, D.C. She was named chief of Community Services, then chief of Rehabilitation and Staff Development in the VA's Spinal Cord Injury Service, and manager of the Washington, D.C. regional office. She was the first Black woman to head a regional office of the VA. She retired in 1986.
Morgan won the Federal Woman's Award in 1971, "for her outstanding and original work in developing the social and emotional aspects of the care and treatment of veteran patients and their families." She also received honors from the Paralyzed Veterans of America.
Morgan was recognized as a national authority on community services and rehabilitation for veterans with spinal cord injuries. She gave workshops at VA facilities across the United States, presented at professional conferences, and published her research and policy findings in academic journals, including Rehabilitation Psychology and Journal of the National Medical Association. She co-wrote a chapter for Joseph Stubbins, ed., Social and Psychological Aspects of Disability: A Handbook for Practitioners (1977).
Personal life and legacy
Essie Davis married World War II veteran William Spencer Morgan in 1949. They had two children. He died in 1984. Morgan died from a brain tumor in 1990, aged 70 years, in Washington, D.C. Her gravesite is with her husband's, in Arlington National Cemetery. The Essie Morgan Excellence Award (later the Essie Morgan Lectureship) was established later that year by the Academy of Spinal Cord Injury Professionals, in her memory.
References
1919 births
1990 deaths
American social workers
People from Waycross, Georgia
Atlanta University alumni
Arlington National Cemetery
Alabama State University alumni | [
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Events in 1925 in animation.
Films released
1 January -
Alice Cans the Cannibals (United States)
Felix Wins and Loses (United States)
15 January -
Alice the Toreador (United States)
Felix All Puzzled view (United States)
1 February -
Alice Gets Stung (United States)
Felix Follows the Swallows view (United States)
13 February -
In Dutch (United States)
Jungle Bike Riders (United States)
15 February -
Alice Solves the Puzzle (United States)
Felix Rests in Peace (United States)
1 March - Felix Gets His Fill view (United States)
13 April - Felix Full O' Fight (United States)
27 April - Felix Outwits Cupid (United States)
3 May - Opus IV (Germany)
8 May - Felix Monkeys with Magic view (United States)
17 May - Alice's Egg Plant (United States)
25 May - Felix Cops the Prize (United States)
8 June - Felix Gets the Can view (United States)
15 June - Alice Loses Out (United States)
23 June - Alice Gets Stage Struck (United States)
12 July - Alice Wins the Derby (United States)
20 July - The Window Washers (United States)
30 July - Alice Picks the Champ (United States)
15 August -
Alice's Tin Pony (United States)
Felix Dopes it Out view (United States)
23 August - Felix the Cat Trifles with Time (United States)
28 August - Ugly Duckling (United States)
30 August - Alice Chops the Suey (United States)
6 September - Felix the Cat Busts into Business (United States)
15 September - Alice the Jail Bird (United States)
20 September - Felix the Cat Trips thru Toyland (United States)
28 September - Closer Than a Brother (United States)
4 October - Felix the Cat on the Farm (United States)
15 October - Alice Plays Cupid (United States)
18 October - Alice Plays Cupid (United States)
15 November -
Alice Rattled by Rats (United States)
Eats are West (United States)
29 November - Felix the Cat Tries the Trades (United States)
13 December - Felix the Cat at the Rainbow's End (United States)
15 December - Alice in the Jungle (United States)
27 December - Felix the Cat Kept on Walking (United States)
Events
February
February 15: Walt Disney's Alice Solves the Puzzle, premieres. The cartoon marks the first appearance of Pete, the oldest recurring Disney character.
Births
January
January 2: Larry Harmon, American clown (played himself in Bozo: The World's Most Famous Clown, voice of Stan Laurel in Laurel and Hardy), (d. 2008).
January 5: Sparky Moore, American animator and comics artist (did lay-outs for Hanna-Barbera and Cambria Productions), (d. 2016).
January 11: Kihachirō Kawamoto, Japanese puppet designer, animator and animated film director (The Book of the Dead), (d. 2010).
January 26:
Oliver Passingham, British comics artist and animator, (d. 2003).
Paul Newman, American actor (voice of Doc Hudson in Cars, himself in The Simpsons episode The Blunder Years), (d. 2008).
January 28: Yasuji Mori, Japanese animator (Toei Animation) and director (The Little Prince and the Eight-Headed Dragon), (d. 1992).
February
February 3: John Fiedler, American voice actor (Piglet in Winnie the Pooh, Father Sexton in Robin Hood, Porcupine in The Fox and the Hound, Rudy in The Emperor's New Groove), (d. 2005).
February 11: Marvin Stein, American comics artist, animator and illustrator, (d. 2010).
February 17: Hal Holbrook, American actor and voice actor (voice of Amphitryon in Hercules, Cranston in Cats Don't Dance, Mayday in Planes: Fire & Rescue), (d. 2021).
February 18: George Kennedy, American actor (voice of L.B. Mammoth in Cats Don't Dance), (d. 2016).
March
March 1: Dan Danglo, American animator (Terrytoons, Famous Studios, Warner Bros. Animation, Hanna-Barbera), (d. 2020).
March 5: Stig Lasseby, Swedish animator, director, animation producer (Agaton Sax, Peter-No-Tail) and voice actor (Tänkande August in the Agaton Sax films and TV series), (d. 1996).
March 20: Bill Lignante, American comics artist, courtroom sketch artist and animator (Hanna-Barbera), (d. 2018).
March 23: Robie Lester, American actress (voice of Miss Jessica, in Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town, singing voice for Eva Gabor in The Aristocats, and The Rescuers), (d. 2005).
March 25: Elmer Dresslar Jr., American voice actor (voice of the Jolly Green Giant), (d. 2005).
April
April 12: Oliver Postgate, British animator, puppeteer and TV writer (narrator and additional voices in Ivor the Engine and Noggin the Nog, co-creator of Bagpuss), co-founder of Smallfilms, (d. 2008).
April 14: Woody Kling, American television writer (The Littles, Rainbow Brite), (d. 1988).
April 18: Bob Hastings, American actor (voice of Superboy in The Adventures of Superboy, Commissioner Gordon in Batman: The Animated Series), (d. 2014).
April 26: Leo De Lyon, American actor (voice of Spook and Brain in Top Cat, Flunky in The Jungle Book), (d. 2021).
April 29: Iwao Takamoto, American animator, animated film director, TV producer and character designer (Walt Disney Company, Hanna-Barbera, designed Scooby-Doo and Astro Jetson), (d. 2007) from a heart attack.
May
May 20: Horst Alisch, German illustrator, comics artist and animator, (d. 2020).
June
June 3: Tony Curtis, American actor (voiced Stony Curtis in The Flintstones episode The Return of Stony Curtis), (d. 2010).
June 10: Yefim Gamburg, Russian animated film director (Passion of Spies, Ograblenie po..., Blue Puppy, Dog in Boots), (d. 2000).
June 16: Servais Tiago, Portuguese comics artist and animator, (d. 2018).
June 18: Johnny Pearson, British composer (composed music for Captain Pugwash), (d. 2011).
July
July 7: Jan Svochak, Czech-American animator (Famous Studios, Pelican, Elektra, Zanders, Perpetual Motion Pictures, Buzzco, J.J. Sedelmaier Productions, the Punchy advertisements), (d. 2006).
July 20: Andrzej Pawłowski, Polish painter, sculptor, photographer, film director and animated film director (Kineformy, Naturally Shaped Forms, Mannequins), (d. 1986).
July 23: Magdalo Mussio, Italian animator, (d. 2006).
July 26: Zdeněk Smetana, Czech animator, animated film director and graphic artist (worked for Jiri Trnka, Gene Deitch, The End of A Cube), (d. 2016).
August
August 8: Ginny Tyler, American voice actress (voice of the female squirrel in The Sword in the Stone, Davey's mother and sister Sally in Davey and Goliath ), (d. 2012).
August 16: Branco Karabajic, Croatian comics artist and animator (worked on Veliki Mitting), (d. 2003).
September
September 2: Ronnie Stevens, British actor (narrator and additional voices in Noggin the Nog), (d. 2006).
September 12: Bengt Feldreich, Swedish television presentator, journalist and voice actor (the narrator in From All of Us to All of You), (d. 2019).
September 14: Rick Reinert, American animator, animated film director and producer (MGM, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Rick Reinert Productions), (d. 2018).
October
October 1: Bradley Bolke, American voice actor (voice of Chumley the Walrus in Underdog), (d. 2019).
October 12: Charles Gordone, American playwright, actor, director, educator and voice actor (voice of Preacher Fox in Coonskin), (d. 1995).
October 16: Angela Lansbury, Irish-British actress and singer (Miss Eglantine Price in Bedknobs and Broomsticks,voice of Mommy Fortuna in The Last Unicorn, Mrs. Potts in Beauty and the Beast, and Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas, Narrator/Dowager Empress Marie in Anastasia, Mayor McGerkle in The Grinch).
November
November 11: Jonathan Winters, American actor and comedian (voiced himself and Maude Frickert in The New Scooby-Doo Movies, Grandpa and Papa Smurf in The Smurfs Franchise, Sappy Stanley in Tiny Toon Adventures, Wade Pig in Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Summer Vacation, Stinkbomb D. Basset in Animaniacs, The Thief in Arabian Knight, Narrator in Frosty Returns), (d. 2013).
November 17: Walt Peregoy, American artist (Walt Disney Productions, Format Films, Hanna-Barbera), (d. 2015).
November 22: Miki Muster, Slovenian sculptor, illustrator, comics artist and animator (Bavaria Film, made cartoons based on the work of Guillermo Mordillo and Manfred Schmidt's Nick Knatterton), (d. 2018).
December
December 12: Warren Tufts, American comics artist, animator and voice actor (Cambria Studios, Hanna-Barbera) (d. 1982) in an airplane crash.
December 13: Dick Van Dyke, American actor, comedian, writer, signer, and dancer, (host of CBS Cartoon Theatre, Bert in Mary Poppins, voiced himself in The New Scooby-Doo Movies, the title character in Tubby the Tuba, narrator in The Town Santa Forgot, Webb in The Alan Brady Show, Commissioner Gordon in Batman: New Times, Mr. Bloomsberry in Curious George, Captain Goof-Beard in Mickey Mouse Clubhouse).
December 19: Robert B. Sherman, American songwriter and composer (wrote music for Mary Poppins, The Jungle Book, The Aristocats, Bedknobs and Broomsticks, Snoopy, Come Home, Charlotte's Web, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, The Mighty Kong), (d. 2012).
References
External links
Animated works of the year, listed in the IMDb | [
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Yarmouth Town Hall is a municipal building in The Square in Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, England. The structure, which is used as a community events venue, is a Grade II listed building.
History
The town, which had been a borough since the Middle Ages, was dominated by two families, the Leigh and Holmes families, and had a medieval town hall which had become dilapidated and was in need of replacement. In the early 1760s, the burgesses were the mayor, Benjamin Leigh, and the member of parliament, Lord Holmes, who was also Governor of the Isle of Wight. In 1763, the two burgesses met and, it was agreed, having regard to the support Holmes had received from the borough for his election to parliament, that he should commission a new town hall and donate it to the town.
The building was rebuilt in the neoclassical style, using red brick and the work was completed later that year. It was arcaded on the ground floor, so that markets could be held, with an assembly room on the first floor. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with three bays facing onto The Square; there were three openings on the ground floor and three sash windows on the first floor. Nikolaus Pevsner described the design as "austere".
Yarmouth had a very small electorate which, by the early 19th century, was dominated by one family (the Holmes family), which meant it was recognised by the UK Parliament as a rotten borough. Its right to elect members of parliament was removed by the Reform Act 1832 and the borough council, which had met in the town hall, was abolished under the Municipal Corporations Act 1883. The town hall was transferred to a new entity, the Yarmouth Town Trust, in December 1890 and subsequently became a venue for community events.
A plaque, designed by Frank Cooper of Newport to commemorate the lives of local service personnel who had died in the First World War was installed on the front elevation of the building and unveiled by Major-General J. E. B. Seely on 27 July 1924. Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, visited the town hall during a tour of the island on 25 July 1965.
Notes
References
Government buildings completed in 1763
Grade II listed buildings on the Isle of Wight
Yarmouth, Isle of Wight
City and town halls on the Isle of Wight | [
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William Pao (born 1967) is an oncologist and Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer of Pfizer. He was previously the head of Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED) at Roche and a professor of medicine at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center. He is best known for his work in molecular oncology and cancer genomics.
Education
William Pao studied at Harvard University and earned his MD and PhD degrees in biology from Yale University. He then did his residency training at Weill Cornell Medical School and postdoctoral fellowship with Harold E. Varmus at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. During that time, he did pivotal research on the tyrosine kinase of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene which identified new molecular mechanisms of sensitivity of lung cancers to inhibitors.
Career and research
Pao started his career as a member of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. He joined Vanderbilt University as a professor in the Division of Hematology and Oncology eventually becoming head of the division and the personalized cancer medicine unit. He joined Roche as the global head of oncology disease and translational area in 2014. In 2018, he took over pRED replacing John Reed. In 2022, he joined PFizer as Chief Development Officer.
Awards and honors
Pao is induced into the American Society for Clinical Investigations and the Association of American Physicians.
References
Living people
1967 births
Yale School of Medicine alumni
Harvard College alumni
Pfizer people
Vanderbilt University faculty
Molecular oncology | [
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Bryan Jahir García Realpe (born 18 January 2001) is an Ecuadorian footballer who plays as midfielder for Brazilian club Athletico Paranaense.
Club career
Early career
Born in Rioverde, García began his career at local side Ciudadelas del Norte in 2016, aged just 15, in the Segunda Categoría.
Independiente del Valle
García joined Independiente del Valle's youth setup in 2018, playing for the under-18 and under-20 squads and winning the 2020 U-20 Copa Libertadores with the latter. Later in that year, he made his senior debut with the reserve team Independiente Juniors in the Ecuadorian Serie B.
García made his first team – and Serie A – debut on 30 August 2020, coming on as a second-half substitute for Gabriel Torres in a 3–0 home win over Guayaquil City. He scored his first professional goal the following 1 August, netting his team's fourth in a 4–0 home routing of Macará.
Athletico Paranaense
On 22 January 2022, García moved abroad and signed a four-year contract with Campeonato Brasileiro Série A side Athletico Paranaense.
Career statistics
Honours
Independiente del Valle
U-20 Copa Libertadores: 2020
Ecuadorian Serie A: 2021
References
2001 births
Living people
People from Río Verde Canton
Ecuadorian footballers
Association football midfielders
Ecuadorian Serie A players
Ecuadorian Serie B players
C.S.D. Independiente del Valle footballers
Club Athletico Paranaense players
Ecuadorian expatriate footballers
Ecuadorian expatriate sportspeople in Brazil
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Courted Into Court is an 1896 play by John J. McNally. It was produced by Charles T. Rich and William Harris for a 140 performance run at the Bijou Theatre on Broadway starting on December 29, 1896.
Prior to its Broadway debut, it played first on any stage in Omaha, Nebraska on December 4, 1896, and then moved to Kansas City. and Chicago.
Star May Irwin sang and helped popularize (the now notorious example) coon song "All Coons Look Alike to Me" by Ernest Hogan in the play, which had an all-white cast. She also sang the coon song, "Mr. Johnson, Turn Me Loose" in the play, a song later remembered in all of Irwin's major obituaries.
Cast
May Irwin at Dottie Dimple
John C. Rice as Worthington Best, Sr.
Raymond Hitchcock as Worthington Best, Jr.
Clara Palmer as Mrs. Worthington Best, Sr.
Hattie Williams as Helen Best
Ada Lewis as Mademoiselle Nocodi
George W. Barnum as Gen. Baron Vladimir Vladistoff
Joseph M. Sparks as Judge Jeremiah Geoghan
Jacques Kruger as Pop Dooley
Sally Cohen as Sylvia Rosebud
Roland Carter as Mortimer Morton and Sharp Lawyer
Eva Gilroy as Gertie
References
External links
1896 plays | [
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Anne of Denmark (1574-1619) was the wife of James VI and I, King of Scotland, and King of England after the Union of Crowns. Some modern historians prefer the name "Anna" to "Anne", following the spelling of numerous examples of her signature. In 1617, she was depicted in a painting by Paul van Somer with an African servant holding her horse at Oatlands Palace. There are archival records of Africans or people of African descent, often called "Moors" or "Moirs", in her service.<ref>See, [https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/dost/more_n 'Mor(e), Moir', Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue]</ref> She signed her name "Anna", and many recent scholars now prefer to call her "Anna of Denmark".
James VI went to Norway to meet Anne of Denmark. John Allyne Gade, a biographer of the queen's brother Christian IV of Denmark, writing in 1927 included a detail of the couple seeing a dance performed by four African men in the snow at Oslo. Three of the dancers died from the cold.Kim F. Hall, Things of Darkness: Economies of Race and Gender in Early Modern England (Cornell University Press, 1996), p. 128. The source of Gade's story is unknown. It is known that the newly-weds were entertained in Oslo by acrobats, recorded as two "vautis".
The couple sailed back to Scotland in May 1590. There was a pageant in the streets of Edinburgh. A contemporary description of the 1590 Entry and coronation of Anne in Edinburgh by a Danish observer distinguished between townspeople who had blackened their faces or wore black masks, and "an absolutely real and native blackamoor" leading the ushers or whifflers who made way for the royal convoy.Sujata Iyengar, Shades of Difference: Mythologies of Skin Color in Early Modern England (Philadelphia, 2005), pp. 82-3. The original Danish phrase was, "men en ret naturlig og inföd Morian var des Anförer". He carried a drawn sword ahead of the others who were dressed in sailor's tunics. These performers, according to the poet John Burel, represented "Moirs" of "the Inds" who lived in comparative ease and comfort by the golden mountain of "Synerdas". They had come to salute Scotland's new queen and offer to her service their "most willing minds". They marched in front of her down the Canongate where she passed "intill hir Pallace", Holyroodhouse.
It is not known if the man who participated in the street pageant was the "Moir" subsequently listed as a member of Anne of Denmark's household. The "Moir" wore clothes of orange velvet and Spanish taffeta. The costume was similar to those made for others who served as "pages of the equerry". He was to eat with the three "lackeys" who attended the queen when she went riding with her companions Anna Kaas and Margaret Vinstarr. The pages and lackeys were young men drawn from the Scottish and Danish gentry.
The clothes were made in October 1590 by two tailors who served the court, James Inglis and Alexander Miller. His costume included an orange velvet "jupe" and breeches and a doublet of shot-silk Spanish taffeta festooned with white satin passementerie. His hat was of yellow Spanish taffeta lined with orange. Cloaks for the four pages were made of orange London cloth and their jupes of orange stemming, the velvet for the African servant came from the queen's own stock, paid for from the English subsidy. The jupes were lined with a cloth called "grey bukkessie".National Records of Scotland E21/67 f.227v October 1590 and E35/13 pp. 17-18 November 1590, see external links. Clothes were also bought for the two Danish palfreymen and the Mecklenburg and Brunswick lackeys whose distinctive liveries underscored her royal identity.
There seem to be no further records of wages or livery allowances to be paid to this individual in the National Records of Scotland. Little can be inferred from this; the Scottish lackey for the queen's gentlewomen, James Glen, worked for five years without pay, and another servant, Jens Pierson, a Danish man who looked after Anne of Denmark's horse had received no cash pay after twelve years service. An unpaid French stable worker, Guillaume Martin, ran away with his friend the queen's jeweller, Jacob Kroger. However, payments were made to the companions of the African servant, the queen's four pages and three lackeys, at the end of 1591. This money was the cash equivalent of their allocated "linen cloth" livery as members of the queen's household, calculated "according to the custom of Denmark".
An African servant at the Scottish court was buried at Falkland in July 1591. James VI paid £7-6s-8d for the costs. It is not clear if he was the participant in the 1590 Entry of Anne of Denmark. He may have been the person in the queen's household for whom clothes were bought who was not again recorded. At this time the church and burial ground of Falkland parish was at Kilgour, to the west of the Palace and town. It is known that coffins rested at a spot called the "Pillars of Hercules" on the way to Kilgour.Falkland, Parish (aka Kilgour), Saints in Scottish Place-Names A replacement church was built in Falkland town about thirty years later and the site of the old church is now a farm.
At the feast following the baptism of her son Prince Henry on 30 August 1594 at Stirling Castle, a "Moore" dragged a pageant cart with six ladies holding desserts towards the dais or high table in the great hall. He pretended to pull the stage with draught traces fashioned like gold chains. It was really winched or pushed by hidden workmen. His performance was a last-minute substitute for a lion. Perhaps this actor was the same Afro-Scot as the man in the pageant in the streets of Edinburgh in May 1590. The scene was described, in Scots:there cam into the sight of thame all a blak More drawing as it seemed to the behalders a tabernacle ful of patisserye frutages and confections and in the sydis thairoff wer placed sax wemen quhilk [which] represented a silent comedie, ... So this tabernacle, quhilk suld have bene drawen in by a lyon it self, yet becaus his presence might [have] brought some feare to the nerrest it was thought gud the More suld supple [supply] that roume,
The women, in glittering costumes bought with money from Anne's dowry, represented Ceres, Fecundity, Faith, Concord, Liberality, and Perseverance, celebrating Anne's statecraft and offering perhaps similar benefits as those enjoyed by the fortunate inhabitants of Synerdas.
The man depicted in Paul van Somer's 1617 portrait of Anne of Denmark may have been a member of Anne of Denmark's household in England, a page, groomsman or groom rider of the royal stable. His costume may be the scarlet and gold livery of the House of Oldenburg, the royal dynasty of Denmark. His name has not yet been discovered. Records of the royal stable survive, naming some of the grooms and riders who attended Anne of Denmark and the fees and livery payments they received. Three years after Anne's death, the Earl of Salisbury gave six shillings to an African servant at Theobalds House, to "the blackemor att Theoballs".
The painting shows the queen with her dogs in the park at Oatlands Palace near Weybridge in Surrey. Anne of Denmark owned Italian greyhounds. The diplomat Ralph Winwood obtained special greyhounds for her hunting from Jacob van den Eynde, Governor of Woerden. The gate seen in the background was built by Inigo Jones who provided designs for the costumes and scenery of her masques.
A pair of earrings made for Anne of Denmark by George Heriot survives in a private collection. They feature the enamelled face of an African man. The earrings were itemised by Heriot in 1609 as "two pendants made as more's heads and all sett with diamonds, price £70." They may reflect her fascination with the representation of African people in the theatre, as in her Masque of Blackness. Perhaps her personal participation in that masque,Dympna Callaghan, Shakespeare Without Women: Representing gender and race on the Renaissance stage (Routledge, 2000), pp. 81-2. and the performances in 1590 and 1594 evoked a queenly identity based on the mythical figure of Scota, a daughter of an Egyptian pharaoh and foundation figure in Scottish national identity whose name is based on the Greek word for darkness, skotos, σκότος.For William Stewart's 16th-century version of the Scota legend, William Turnbull, Buik of the Croniclis of Scotland, vol. 1 (London, 1858), pp. 8-16 Kim F. Hall draws attention to The Masque of Blackness'' and the documented reactions of its audience, in the context of the "growth of actual contact with Africans, Native Americans, and other ethnically different foreigners" and a "collision of the dark lady tradition with the actual African difference encountered in the quest for empire". A "pride in the revival of ancient Britain is continually yoked to the glorification of whiteness". Pascale Aebischer discusses how recent critics confront such racist myths generated in the context of the Union of the Crowns of England and Scotland and the subsequent Jacobean debate on the Union.
References
External links
Paul van Somer, Anne of Denmark and a groom, RCIN 405887, Hampton Court
Studio of Paul van Somer, Anne of Denmark, Art UK, Lamport Hall
Miranda Kaufmann: The Other Man in Red
Miranda Kaufmann, 'Africans in Britain, 1500-1640', University of Oxford, DPhil thesis, 2011, see pp. 172-6, 201, Appendix 5, nos. 112, 113, 116
Amy Juhala, 'The Household and Court of King James VI of Scotland, 1567-1603', University of Edinburgh PhD thesis, 2000
REED project transcriptions from Scottish exchequer records (NRS E21/67, E35/13, E35/14); 1588-1590, 1590-1592, Sarah Carpenter
National Library of Scotland catalogue entry for Adv.MS.34.2.17, a major source for the Scottish royal household
Black British history
Household of Anne of Denmark
Material culture of royal courts
African presence at the Scottish royal court
Equestrian history | [
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Antônio Pinto Chichorro da Gama (c. 1800, Nazaré, Bahia – 10 June 1887, Rio de Janeiro) was a judge and politician of the Empire of Brazil.
Antônio graduated in law from the University of Coimbra. He was Juiz de Fora of Pitangui, Ilha Grande and Parati. He held the Presidency of several Provinces: Espírito Santo (1830), Alagoas (1832) and Pernambuco (1845 –1848). Called to the Government with the last Cabinet of the Permanent Triune Regency, he occupied the portfolios of Empire and Finance for three months (2 June – 7 October 1834) on an interim basis. In 1860, he was elevated to the post of Minister of the Supreme Court of Justice, a position from which he retired. He was also a senator (1865 – 1887), a position that was at that time an appointment for life.
See also
Praieira revolt
Sources
"Antonio Pinto Chichorro da Gama", Fazenda: Ministério da Fazenda, n.d.
External links
Bruno Izaías da Silva, "Revolução Praieira", InfoEscola: Navegando e Aprendendo, 2008.
1800 births
1887 deaths
Brazilian judges
Brazilian politicians | [
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Venla Luukkonen (born 2 March 1984) is a Finnish grappler and Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner. In 2014, she became the first Finnish female black belt and the first Finn to win the Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu World Championship. Since 2014, in addition to winning other major tournaments, Luukkonen reached the world championship final three more times, winning gold again in 2018.
Career
Venla Orvokki Luukkonen was born on 2 March 1984 in Espoo, Finland, when she was one year old her family moved to Kuopio in Northern Savonia. After secondary school she started training in Capoiera followed by Brazilian Jiu Jitsu in 2008 at Jyväskylän Fight Club (Internationally known as Hilti BJJ Jyväskylä) while studying for a PhD in education. She received her blue belt in 2009 and won silver the following year at the 2010 IBJJF World Championship. After becoming a purple belt she won bronze at the 2011 World Championship followed by silver in 2012 as well as bronze at the 2012 European Championship. Luukkonen received her brown belt in 2012 becoming world champion for the firs time in 2013. In 2014 she received double gold by winning in the heavy and the absolute divisions at the European Championship, the same year she received her black belt from former World Champion Pedro Duarte, becoming the first Finnish female black belt.
In 2014 she won the World Jiu-Jitsu Championship, the first Finnish native to do so at black belt level. In 2015 Luukkonen won gold at the European No-Gi Championship in two categories and bronze at the World Championship. In 2016 and 2017 she reached the World Championship final winning silver both years before becoming world champion for the second time in 2018. In addition to national tournaments like the Swedish Open that she won in 2018, Luukkonen has been a European championship medallist for six consecutive years since 2015. Luukkonen trains in both Finland and Sweden, she represents Hilti Akademi Nord, where she is one of the head instructors. In January 2022 Luukkonen won gold at the ADCC Sweden Tournament 8 that took place in Eskilstuna, Sweden.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu competitive summary
Main Achievements at black belt level:
2 x IBJJF World Champion (2018—2014)
2 x IBJJF European Champion NoGi (2015 Weight and Absolute)
2nd Place IBJJF European Championship (2015—2016—2017—2018)
2nd Place IBJJF World Championship (2019—2017—2016)
3rd Place IBJJF World Championship (2015)
3rd Place IBJJF European Championship (2020—2019)
Main Achievements (Coloured Belts):
IBJJF World Champion (2013 brown)
3 x IBJJF European Champion (2014 weight and absolute brown) (2012 purple)
2nd Place IBJJF World Championship (2012 purple, 2010 Blue)
3rd Place IBJJF World Championship (2011 purple)
Instructor lineage
Carlson Gracie > Murilo Bustamante > Pedro Duarte > Venla Luukkonen
References
Finnish practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Living people
1984 births
People awarded a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
World Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship medalists
World No-Gi Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship medalists
Female Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners
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Zayed II Military College or Zayed the Second Military College () is an Emirati military college and the principle military academy and officer training institution in the United Arab Emirates Army based in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. It was founded on February 1, 1972, by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the founding president of the United Arab Emirates.
History
The military college was founded on 1 February 1972 by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the founding president of the United Arab Emirates, after 2 months of the independence of the United Arab Emirates. The college graduated its first batch of officers on April 10, 1972. It was officially inaugurated on May 3 by Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
Zayed II Military College celebrated its golden jubliee and 50th anniversary of founding on February 1, 2022.
See also
Khalifa bin Zayed Air College
References
Military academies
1972 establishments in the United Arab Emirates
Education in the United Arab Emirates
Military academies of the United Arab Emirates
Universities and colleges in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi | [
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Sukumar Brahma is a scientist in the field of electrical engineering, and a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He has been named as a fellow member for his contributions to power system protection with distributed and renewable generation.
Education
Sukumar received the B.E. degree from Gujarat University in 1989, the M.Tech. degree from The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India in 1997, and the Ph.D. degree from Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA, in 2003.
Career
He is currently a Dominion Energy Distinguished Professor in power engineering and the Director of Clemson University Electric Power Research Association, Clemson University.
See also
Johan H. Enslin
Mohammad Shahidehpour
References
Indian electrical engineers
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Clemson University faculty
Clemson University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
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Adyson do Nascimento Soares (born 22 September 2005), simply known as Adyson, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for América Mineiro.
Career
Born in Coroatá, Maranhão, Adyson joined América Mineiro's youth setup in 2018. On 8 November 2021, aged just 16, he signed his first professional contract with the club.
Adyson made his first team debut on 25 January 2022, coming on as a second-half substitute for fellow youth graduate Gustavinho in a 1–2 Campeonato Mineiro away loss against Caldense.
Career statistics
References
2005 births
Living people
People from Maranhão
Brazilian footballers
Association football forwards
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Jonathan Arons (born 16 August 1943) is an American astrophysicist.
Arons is a native of Philadelphia, born on 16 August 1943. He attended Williams College, and graduated in 1965. Arons completed a doctorate in astronomy at Harvard University in 1970 and split his postdoctoral research between Princeton University Observatory and the Institute for Advanced Study. He joined the University of California, Berkeley faculty in 1972, teaching within the astronomy department. From 1980, Arons was affiliated with the physics department as well. He is also a member of Berkeley's Theoretical Astrophysics Center. In 1985, he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society "[f]or theoretical contributions in the application of plasma physics and electrodynamics to the study of pulsars, quasars, interstellar and intergalactic matter."
References
1943 births
Living people
American astrophysicists
20th-century American astronomers
20th-century American physicists
Scientists from Philadelphia
Fellows of the American Physical Society
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Williams College alumni
Harvard University alumni | [
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Clan O'Conall and the Crown of the Stag is an indie action platformer video game developed and published by HitGrab and released on April 27, 2021, for Windows. It allows the player to switch between three siblings as they fight to retrieve the Crown of the Stag from a demon. It was praised by critics for its art style and gameplay, though its story was less well-received, and the length of the game was also called on the short side.
Plot
The game is based on Celtic mythology from the first millennium, taking place in Hibernia. The player controls one of the three O'Conall siblings, Haggish, Kilcannon, or Clakshot. Chief Arden was kidnapped by Caoranach, mother of demons, who also stole the Crown of the Stag in order to incite a war between mortals and the Fae, or fairy-folk.
Reception
The game received an aggregate score of 78/100 on Metacritic, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Lisa Pollifroni of Checkpoint Gaming rated the game 9/10 points, calling the game's art "beautiful", and also praising the character-swapping mechanic. However, she also stated that the "story takes a backseat", and called some of the mechanics "a bit fiddly", such as Clakshot's hook grapple.
James Ward of Gamereactor rated the game 8/10 points, calling it a "wonderful action platformer" that remained exciting from beginning to end, particularly praising its hand-drawn art style as unique. However, he called the game's story "weak and forgettable". Euisik Moon of IGN Korea also rated the game 8/10 points, saying that despite the game being short, it was well-balanced with each character being given equal time. He called it "a satisfying game with dense platformer action". However, he opined that he wished there was more to do after finishing it.
References
2021 video games
Indie video games
Kickstarter-funded video games
Platform games
Single-player video games
Video games based on Celtic mythology
Video games developed in Canada
Video games set in Ireland
Windows games
Windows-only games | [
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Fernando Van Zeller Guedes (4 February 1903 – 15 July 1987), from Portugal, was a co-founder of the international wine producer, Sogrape, and the inspiration behind the Mateus brand of rosé wine.
Early life
Fernando Van Zeller Guedes was born on 4 February 1903 in the parish of Massarelos in the municipality of Porto in Portugal. His father owned Quinta da Aveleda, a wine estate near Penafiel, and Guedes was largely educated there. He contracted pneumonia at a young age, which interrupted his studies. At the age of 21 he joined Martinez Gassiot, an exporter of Port wines. On the death of his father, he became co-owner of the Quinta with his five brothers.
Development of Mateus Rosé
In 1942, Guedes, his brothers and others, founded the Sociedade Comercial dos Vinhos de Mesa de Portugal, the forerunner of Sogrape, now Portugal's largest wine producer, in order to address marketing difficulties for Portuguese wine caused by World War II. This was to be done by exporting table wines to Brazil which, like Portugal, was not involved in the war. Prior to the war, the Douro region was primarily a producer of Port wine, for which the United Kingdom was a major market. Together with Eugène Hellis, the winemaker for Quinta da Aveleda, he developed Mateus Rosé, one of the first commercialized rosé wines. The wine was intended to have a broad appeal and, while rosé wines were rare in Portugal, Guedes decided to produce one, hoping it would appeal to women as well as men, and to new drinkers of wine. As part of the marketing approach, Guedes decided on a new shape for the bottle to be used for Mateus, based on the shape of flasks or canteens used by soldiers during World War I.
The Count of Mangualde supplied some of the grapes used for the new wine, which were produced on his estate at the Mateus Palace, near Vila Real. Guedes thought that a picture of the palace would make an attractive label for his wine and approached the Count for his permission. They agreed on a fee of half a Portuguese escudo for every bottle sold, about 0.0025 of a Euro. Subsequently, the Count had doubts about the agreement, fearing that the wine would not be a success, and agreed to sell the rights for a fixed sum, a decision he must have subsequently regretted as 50 million bottles of the wine were produced in some years.
The wine was initially a great success in Brazil, the first consignment having been sent in 1943, but the country later banned wine imports. Guedes then sought to develop a market in the rest of the world, sending two bottles to every Portuguese embassy and to friends and acquaintances abroad, asking them to drink one bottle and send the other to someone they though would make a good agent for the wine in their country. Sales boomed, in part because the drinkers found that the bottles could be used for decoration, such as for lamps or candle holders, and in part because of the marketing skills and infectious personality of Guedes. In 1961, Mateus sponsored a horse race at the Ascot Races in England, with Guedes presenting the prize. The races were attended by Queen Elizabeth II, who reportedly later asked for the wine to be served at an event at the Savoy Hotel in London. Many celebrities were photographed consuming it and it is also mentioned in the lyrics of a song by Elton John.
Death
Guedes died in Porto on 15 July 1987. His eldest son, Fernando da Cunha Guedes bought the shares of Sogrape from his six brothers. He died in 2018, and the company is now in the hands of his children.
References
1903 births
1987 deaths
20th-century Portuguese people
Portuguese wine
Portuguese winemakers
Portuguese businesspeople
People from Porto | [
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Anna Segedi (born December 19, 2000), also known by the Chinese name Zhang Xifang (), is an American ice hockey player and member of the Chinese national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Zhenskaya Hockey League (ZhHL) with the KRS Vanke Rays.
Playing career
Born in China, Segedi grew up in Commerce Township, Michigan, a western suburb of Metro Detroit in the United States. She played minor ice hockey in the Tier 1 Elite B Hockey League (T1EBHL) with Detroit-based Honeybaked 14U during 2012 to 2014 and in the T1EHL 16U league with Belle Tire Girls Minor Midget in the 2014–15 season, ranking third in the league for scoring and leading the team to the 16U national title. Her junior career was played with Belle Tire Girls 19U in the T1EHL 19U and USA Hockey Girls Tier I 19U, with whom she won the national championship title in 2017, a national championship silver medal in 2018, a national championship bronze medal in 2019, and claimed three consecutive Michigan state titles.
NCAA
Segedi joined the St. Lawrence Saints women's ice hockey program in the ECAC Hockey conference of the NCAA Division I as a freshman in the 2019–20 season. She found success her first month of NCAA play, scoring 6 goals and 5 assists – including a hat-trick against New Hampshire – and was named the Women’s Player of the Week for 7 October 2019 and the Women’s Rookie of the Month for October 2019 by ECAC Hockey. She concluded her rookie season ranked second of all St. Lawrence skaters in scoring, with 11 goals and 12 assists for 23 points in 36 games.
Her sophomore season continued to build on her success and saw Segedi lead the team in scoring, with 4 goals and 8 assists for 12 points in 13 games of the COVID-19 shorted season. She was named the February 2021 Army ROTC Player of the Month by ECAC Hockey after averaging more than a point per-game across the month and recording three multi-point performances.
ZhHL
Presented with the opportunity to try out for the Chinese women’s national ice hockey team at the 2022 Winter Olympics, Segedi paused her college ice hockey career and signed to play professionally with the KRS Vanke Rays in the summer of 2021. The team’s roster for the 2021–22 comprised only players eligible to represent China at the upcoming Olympics, giving head coach Brian Idalski extensive time to assess individual play before building the national team. Segedi made a convincing case for her place on the national team, scoring a hat-trick against 7.62 Voskresensk and ranking third on the team for goals (fourth for points). She was named the ZhHL Rookie of the Month in September 2021.
International play
As a teen, Segedi participated in several USA Hockey Girls U18 Development Camps.
She was officially named to the Chinese roster for the women’s ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics on 28 January 2022.
References
External links
2000 births
Living people
American expatriate ice hockey players in China
American expatriate ice hockey players in Russia
American ice hockey left wingers
American sportspeople of Chinese descent
American women's ice hockey forwards
Chinese women's ice hockey forwards
Expatriate ice hockey players in Russia
Ice hockey players at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Olympic ice hockey players of China
People from Commerce, Michigan
St. Lawrence Saints women's ice hockey players
Shenzhen KRS Vanke Rays players | [
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