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values | created_date stringclasses 128
values | modified_date stringlengths 27 27 ⌀ | private_comment_n stringclasses 96
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values | home_nga_subregion stringclasses 30
values | home_nga_longitude float64 -155.92 152 ⌀ | home_nga_latitude float64 -13.48 64.1 ⌀ | home_nga_capital_city stringclasses 35
values | home_nga_nga_code stringclasses 35
values | home_nga_fao_country stringclasses 28
values | home_nga_world_region stringclasses 10
values | home_seshat_region_id int64 1 64 | home_seshat_region_name stringclasses 45
values | home_seshat_region_subregions_list stringclasses 45
values | home_seshat_region_mac_region stringclasses 10
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
132 | IqAbbs1 | 750 | 946 | Abbasid Caliphate I | iq_abbasid_cal_1 | LEGACY | In 750 CE, following a revolt, Abbasid rulers took power from the Umayyad Dynasty under Abu al-'Abbas al-Saffah. To secure his rule, Abu al-'Abbass al-Saffah sought to destroy the male line descending from Fatima and Ali, §REF§ (Zayzafoon 2005, 139) Lamia Ben Youssef Zayzafoon. 2005. <i>The Production of the Muslim Wom... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 8 | Southern Mesopotamia | Levant-Mesopotamia | 44.42 | 32.47 | Babylon (Hillah) | IQ | Iraq | Southwest Asia | 62 | Mesopotamia | Iraq, Kuwait | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
484 | IqAbbs2 | 1,191 | 1,258 | Abbasid Caliphate II | iq_abbasid_cal_2 | LEGACY | The Second Abbasid Period (1191-1258 CE) was mostly remarkable for the city of Baghdad which is usually estimated to have had about 1 million inhabitants at the time of the Mongol sack in 1258 CE.<br>With the Mongol sack of Baghdad in 1258 CE "the culture, science and learning for which Baghdad had been known for centu... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 8 | Southern Mesopotamia | Levant-Mesopotamia | 44.42 | 32.47 | Babylon (Hillah) | IQ | Iraq | Southwest Asia | 62 | Mesopotamia | Iraq, Kuwait | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
107 | IrAchae | -550 | -331 | Achaemenid Empire | ir_achaemenid_emp | LEGACY | The Achaemenid Empire was established by Cyrus II 'the Great', who inherited the small kingdom of Persia (named after the capital city, Persis) in southwest Iran, a vassal territory of the larger Median Empire to the Northwest. From 553 to 550 BCE, Cyrus led his fellow Persians against Median hegemony (even though the ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
637 | so_adal_sultanate | 1,375 | 1,543 | Adal Sultanate | so_adal_sultanate | POL_AFR_EAST | The Adal Sultanate was one of the earliest Islamic Sultanates in the Somali region. The Adal, which was part of the Walasma Dynasty, was originally established in the late 9th or early 10th centuries based at the costal port city of Zelia on the Gulf of Aden. §REF§ (Mukhtar 2016, Encyclopedia of Empire) Mukhtar, Mohame... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
872 | tn_aghlabid_dyn | 800 | 908 | Aghlabid Dynasty | tn_aghlabid_dyn | OTHER_TAG | null | Aghlabid Dynasty | null | 2024-04-30T13:35:38.451828Z | 2024-04-30T13:35:38.451849Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
879 | in_ahmadnagar_sultanate | 1,490 | 1,636 | Ahmadnagar Sultanate | in_ahmadnagar_sultanate | OTHER_TAG | null | Ahmadnagar Sultanate | null | 2024-05-06T10:03:30.630491Z | 2024-05-06T10:03:30.630504Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 40 | Southern India | Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
639 | so_ajuran_sultanate | 1,250 | 1,700 | Ajuran Sultanate | so_ajuran_sultanate | POL_AFR_EAST | The Ajuran Sultanate originated in the mid-sixteenth century as a leading clan of confederated states which included the Muzzafar Dynasty of Mogadishu. The Ajuran Sultanate controlled the Shabelle valley in southern Somalia all the way to the Kenyan border. §REF§ (Mukhtar 2003, 35) Mukhtar, Mohamed H. 2003. Historical ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
508 | IrAkKoy | 1,339 | 1,501 | Ak Koyunlu | ir_ak_koyunlu | LEGACY | The Ak Koyunlu were a loose confederation of nomadic Turkman tribes that ruled in Iran between 1339-1501 CE. §REF§ (Quiring-Zoche 2011) R Quiring-Zoche. 2011. Aq Qoyunlu. <a class="external free" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aq-qoyunlu-confederation" rel="nofollow">http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/a... | null | null | null | 2024-11-20T13:24:55.592756Z | {'id': 137, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
113 | GhAshnE | 1,501 | 1,701 | Akan - Pre-Ashanti | gh_akan | LEGACY | The gold-producing region between the Comoé and Volta rivers has been inhabited by Akan-speaking people since the 13th century CE. This region has seen the emergence of various autonomous states, including Bono, Djomo, Akwamu, Fante, and Asante. Later in its history, the founders of the Ga and Ewe states arrived from w... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 7 | Ghanaian Coast | West Africa | -0.21792 | 5.573135 | Accra | GH | Ghana | Africa | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
476 | IqAkkad | -2,270 | -2,083 | Akkadian Empire | iq_akkad_emp | LEGACY | The polity at Akkad in Iraq is often thought to represent the "first world empire". §REF§ (Brisch 2013, 120) N Brisch. 2013. History and chronology. In: H. Crawford (ed.), <i>The Sumerian World.</i>London and New York: Routledge, 111-130. §REF§ §REF§ Liverani 1993 §REF§ Its name derives from city of Akkad (Agade, loc... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 8 | Southern Mesopotamia | Levant-Mesopotamia | 44.42 | 32.47 | Babylon (Hillah) | IQ | Iraq | Southwest Asia | 62 | Mesopotamia | Iraq, Kuwait | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
578 | mo_alawi_dyn_1 | 1,631 | 1,727 | Alaouite Dynasty I | mo_alawi_dyn_1 | LEGACY | <br>“In 1666 Mawlay al-Rashid was proclaimed sultan in Fez as the first ruler of the new 'Alawi dynasty. In 1669 he conquered Marrakesh and two years later, in 1671, his envoy came to Timbuktu and 'the army pledged allegiance to Mawlay al-Rashid'.2 In other words, as soon as a new Sharifian dynasty assumed authority in... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
585 | mo_alawi_dyn_2 | 1,728 | 1,912 | Alawi Dynasty | mo_alawi_dyn_2 | LEGACY | null | null | JR: this seems to be missing from SeshatPolsVars. The polity dates were off, 10,000 BCE to 2000 CE, so have changed to 1728-1912 to follow on from mo_alawi_dyn_1. 1912 is when Morocco became a French Protectorate. Do we have any other data on this polity? If so, date range should be harmonized with it.
MB: It is only ... | null | 2024-04-15T14:47:23.856471Z | {'id': 19, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
659 | ni_allada_k | 1,100 | 1,724 | Allada | ni_allada_k | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
225 | MaAlmoh | 1,123 | 1,248 | Almohad Empire | ma_almohad_emp | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
223 | MaAlmor | 1,035 | 1,150 | Almoravids | ma_almoravid_dyn | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-11-07T13:28:52.474216Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
214 | SdAlodia | 600 | 1,504 | Alodia Kingdom | sd_alodia | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
479 | IqBabAm | -2,000 | -1,600 | Amorite Babylonia | iq_babylonia_1 | LEGACY | The Amorites were a tribal group from the Levant area of Semitic descent. They migrated towards Mesopotamia and Amorite names can be seen in Mesopotamian literature throughout the 3rd millennium BCE. By the 2nd millennium BCE a number of Amorites had managed to gain control of Mesopotamian city-states in the power vacu... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 8 | Southern Mesopotamia | Levant-Mesopotamia | 44.42 | 32.47 | Babylon (Hillah) | IQ | Iraq | Southwest Asia | 62 | Mesopotamia | Iraq, Kuwait | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
465 | UzKhw01 | -1,000 | -521 | Ancient Khwarazm | uz_khwarasm_1 | LEGACY | "The most interesting Early Iron Age culture of ancient Khorezm was that of Amirabad in the tenth to eighth centuries b.c.2 Dozens more settlements were found in the lower reaches of the former channels of Akcha Darya, the ancient delta of the Amu Darya. The most interesting was Yakka-Parsan II, alongside which were fo... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 23 | Sogdiana | Turkestan | 66.93817 | 39.631284 | Samarkand | UZ | Uzbekistan | Central Eurasia | 13 | Turkestan | Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakstan, Xinjiang | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
463 | KzAndro | -1,800 | -1,200 | Andronovo | kz_andronovo | LEGACY | The Andronovo culture, named for the village where the first archaeological remains identified as belonging to the culture were discovered, is a blanket term for the groups of people who inhabited the Kazakh steppe between 1800 and 1200 BCE. §REF§ (Cunliffe 2015, 142) Cunliffe, Barry. 2015. By Steppe, Desert, and Ocean... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 23 | Sogdiana | Turkestan | 66.93817 | 39.631284 | Samarkand | UZ | Uzbekistan | Central Eurasia | 13 | Turkestan | Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakstan, Xinjiang | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
574 | gb_anglo_saxon | 410 | 926 | Anglo-Saxon England I | gb_anglo_saxon_1 | LEGACY | <br>Anglo-Saxon England existed between the fall of Roman Britain in 410 CE and the quickly subsequent mass migration into the region of the Germanic speaking Angle, Saxon, and Jute tribes from western Europe, until the Norman invasion and conquest of 1066.<br>“The most developed vision of a ‘big’ sub-Roman Britain, wi... | null | null | null | 2024-11-18T10:50:32.224192Z | {'id': 122, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
606 | gb_england_k | 927 | 1,065 | Anglo-Saxon England II | gb_anglo_saxon_2 | LEGACY | <br>The Kingdom of England was formed in 927 CE when the independent kingdoms of Wessex, Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Danelaw (the Danish occupied kingdom) and the minor kingdoms of Essex, Sussex, and Kent were finally unified as one country after under King Æthelstan, after a drawn-out process of conflict and con... | null | null | 2023-07-10T15:44:50.145449Z | 2024-05-16T13:37:00.545128Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
563 | us_antebellum | 1,776 | 1,865 | Antebellum US | us_antebellum | LEGACY | <br>This polity period spans from American Independence in 1776 following the American Revolution, until 1865 with the end of the American Civil War. | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 22 | East Coast | East Coast of US | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
908 | gr_antigonid_emp | -311 | -168 | Antigonid Dynasty | gr_antigonid_emp | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-10-16T10:07:56.530285Z | 2024-10-16T10:07:56.530302Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
633 | sl_anuradhapura_1 | -300 | 70 | Anurādhapura I | sl_anuradhapura_1 | POL_SA_SI | “The city of Anuradhapura is located in the North-Central Province of Sri Lanka, a semi-arid zone situated in the island’s ‘Dry Zone’ characterized by low level plains, punctuated with low granitic outcrops. Human occupation in the region is almost entirely dependent upon large-scale irrigation works, first constructed... | null | null | null | 2025-04-15T09:38:52.945098Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 63 | Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
635 | sl_anuradhapura_2 | 70 | 428 | Anurādhapura II | sl_anuradhapura_2 | POL_SA_SI | “The dynasty of Devānampiya Tissa became extinct in the first century AD. We do not know how this happened. One significant feature of the subsequent political history of Sri Lanka was that the right to the throne appeared to lie with one of two powerful clans, the Lambakannas and the Moriyas. By the beginning of the f... | null | null | null | 2025-04-15T09:39:37.015180Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 63 | Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
631 | sl_anuradhapura_3 | 428 | 614 | Anurādhapura III | sl_anuradhapura_3 | POL_SA_SI | “In the fifth century, the Moriyas were able to ascend the throne after more than five centuries of Lambakanna dominance. Two hundred years of open conflict between the two clans followed, until the last Moriya king was overthrown in 614 and the dominance of the Lambakannas re-established. Later in that century, the re... | null | null | null | 2025-04-15T09:39:54.138796Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 63 | Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
629 | sl_anuradhapura_4 | 614 | 1,017 | Anurādhapura IV | sl_anuradhapura_4 | POL_SA_SI | “Indeed Dhātusena (455–73) had hardly consolidated his position when he was murdered by his son Kassapa who usurped the throne at Anurādhapura at the expense of Moggallāna I, Kassapa’s brother, whom Dhātusena had been grooming as his legitimate successor. There was, for a brief period under Upatissa II (517–18) and his... | null | null | null | 2025-04-15T09:40:11.090015Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 63 | Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
320 | EsAragn | 1,035 | 1,163 | Aragon Kingdom | es_aragon_k | LEGACY | null | null | Changing the date range to 1035-1163 (formerly 1035-1479) -- subsequent period to be covered by a new polity, Crown of Aragon | null | 2024-04-15T14:32:52.138025Z | {'id': 11, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 18 | Southern Europe | Iberia, Italy | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
6 | MxArch* | -6,000 | -2,001 | Archaic Basin of Mexico | mx_basin_of_mexico_1 | LEGACY | The Basin or Valley of Mexico is a highlands plateau in central Mexico roughly corresponding to modern-day Mexico City. Here, we are interested in the phase of its prehistory known as the Archaic or Pre-Ceramic period (c. 6000-2001 BCE). This period may be described as a long, gradual transition from a lifestyle centre... | null | null | null | 2024-08-13T11:26:42.083068Z | {'id': 80, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 27 | Basin of Mexico | Mexico | -99.13 | 19.43 | Ciudad de Mexico | MX | Mexico | North America | 23 | Mexico | Mexico | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
67 | GrCrArc | -710 | -500 | Archaic Crete | gr_crete_archaic | LEGACY | Crete is a large island in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Archaic Crete (7th-6th centuries) is divided in the following periods: Orientalizing or Daedalic or Early Archaic (710-600 BCE) and Archaic Archaic (600-500).<br>There was no capital city as Crete was divided into territorial entities, each one centered upon a c... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 4 | Crete | Southeastern Europe | 25.1442 | 35.3387 | Heraklion | GR | Greece | Europe | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
726 | ar_argentina_rep_1 | 1,816 | 1,983 | Argentine Republic I | ar_argentina_rep_1 | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 33 | Southern South America | Parguay, Uruguay, Argentina | {'id': 6, 'name': 'South America and Caribbean'} |
351 | AmArtax | -188 | 6 | Armenian Kingdom | am_artaxiad_dyn | LEGACY | <br>The founder of the dynasty was Artaxias I who ascended as King of Greater Armenia in 188 BCE.§REF§Hovannisian 2004: 47. https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/8B4DBDFU§REF§<br>Although Armenia had a strong Iranian culture, particularly with religion, it was greatly influenced by Hellenistic Gre... | null | null | null | 2023-11-10T15:00:02.602254Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
665 | ni_aro | 1,690 | 1,902 | Aro | ni_aro | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
114 | GhAshnL | 1,701 | 1,895 | Ashanti Empire | gh_ashanti_emp | LEGACY | The gold-producing region between the Comoé and Volta rivers has been inhabited by Akan-speaking people since the 13th century CE. This region has seen the emergence of various autonomous states, including Bono, Djomo, Akwamu, Fante, and Asante. Later in its history, the founders of the Ga and Ewe states arrived from w... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 7 | Ghanaian Coast | West Africa | -0.21792 | 5.573135 | Accra | GH | Ghana | Africa | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
149 | JpAshik | 1,336 | 1,467 | Ashikaga Shogunate | jp_ashikaga | LEGACY | The period between 1336 and 1467 CE in Japan is known by several different names but is referred to here as 'Muromachi Ashikaga', a combination of two designations used in isolation in some sources. Muromachi, a district of Kyoto, was the base of the shogunate's power, while Ashikaga is the name of the family who serve... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 21 | Kansai | Northeast Asia | 135.7622 | 35.02528 | Kyoto | JP | Japan | East Asia | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
373 | RuAstrakh | 1,466 | 1,556 | Astrakhan Khanate | ru_astrakhan_khanate | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 10 | Pontic-Caspian | The steppe belt of Ukraine and European Russia | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
146 | JpAsuka | 538 | 710 | Asuka | jp_asuka | LEGACY | The last segment of the Kofun period is often designated by historians as Asuka period on the basis of the intoduction of the Buddhism religion in 538 CE. §REF§ G. Barnes, 2007. State formation in Japan: Emergence of a 4th-century ruling elite. Routledge, 15. §REF§ §REF§ Brooks, T, 2013. "Early Japanese Urbanism: A St... | null | null | null | 2023-12-19T08:45:11.147310Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 21 | Kansai | Northeast Asia | 135.7622 | 35.02528 | Kyoto | JP | Japan | East Asia | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
448 | FrAtlBA | -2,200 | -1,000 | Atlantic Complex | fr_atlantic_complex | LEGACY | The Early Bronze Age on the Atlantic seaboard of Western Europe lasted from around 1800 to 1300 BCE. §REF§ (Peregrine 2001, 412) Peregrine, P. N. 2001. Western European Earlier Bronze Age. In Peregrine, P.N. and M. Ember (eds) <i>Encyclopedia of Prehistory. Volume 4: Europe</i>, pp.412-414. New York: Kluwer Academic/Pl... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
347 | IrAtrop | -323 | 200 | Atropatene Kingdom | ir_atropatene_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
759 | as_australia_colonial | 1,803 | 1,901 | Australia Colonial Period | as_australia_colonial | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 28 | Australia | Australia | {'id': 8, 'name': 'Oceania-Australia'} |
565 | at_habsburg_1 | 1,454 | 1,648 | Austria - Habsburg Dynasty I | at_habsburg_1 | OTHER_TAG | Frederick III from the House of Habsburg was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1452, marking the beginning of an almost unbroken line of Habsburg Emperors.§REF§Heinig, Kaiser Friedrich III. (1440-1493).<a href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items/LA5W94UA" target="_blank" class="fw-bolder"> <b> Zote... | null | null | null | 2024-03-12T10:04:15.712719Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
567 | at_habsburg_2 | 1,649 | 1,918 | Austria - Habsburg Dynasty II | at_habsburg_2 | LEGACY | The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 ended the Thirty Years' War, the Habsburgs faced the task of consolidating their fragmented territories, this era was marked by a series of succession wars, reflecting the Habsburgs' quest for territorial expansion and dynastic security.§REF§Arndt, Der Dreißigjährige Krieg.<a href="https... | null | null | null | 2024-03-12T09:42:59.315585Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
572 | at_austro_hungarian_emp | 1,867 | 1,918 | Austro-Hungarian Monarchy | at_austro_hungarian_emp | LEGACY | <br>“The Ausgleich (“compromise”) reached with Hungary in 1867 was a major concession for Franz Joseph, and it created the so-called dualist Austria-Hungary that existed until 1918… The arrangement was dualist because it was not federalist. Rather than parceling out the monarchy into a structure in which the Austro-Ger... | null | null | null | 2024-03-12T11:15:02.803449Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
382 | MmAva | 1,364 | 1,527 | Ava Kingdom | mm_ava_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
284 | HuAvarK | 586 | 822 | Avar Khaganate | hu_avar_khaganate | LEGACY | null | null | Propose changing polID to hu_avar_khaganate | null | 2024-03-13T11:07:57.528021Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
208 | EtAksm1 | -149 | 349 | Axum I | et_aksum_emp_1 | LEGACY | An empire with Aksum as its capital dominated the northern highlands of Ethiopia from the first to the seventh century CE. ". §REF§ (Hatke 2013) George Hatke. 2013. Aksum and Nubia: Warfare, Commerce, and Political Fictions in Ancient Northeast Africa (Institute for the Study of the Ancient World). New York University ... | null | null | null | 2023-10-31T10:41:53.708288Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 12 | Yemeni Coastal Plain | Arabia | 43.315739 | 14.850891 | Sanaa | YE | Yemen | Southwest Asia | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
210 | EtAksm2 | 350 | 599 | Axum II | et_aksum_emp_2 | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-10-31T10:42:19.731432Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
213 | EtAksm3 | 600 | 800 | Axum III | et_aksum_emp_3 | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-10-31T10:42:38.095859Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
44 | ThAyuth | 1,593 | 1,767 | Ayutthaya | th_ayutthaya | LEGACY | The city of Ayutthaya was founded in 1351 CE in the Chao Phraya Basin, in modern-day Thailand, and soon emerged as a dominant force in the region, turning neighbouring <i>mueang</i>, or city-states, into its tributaries. §REF§ (Baker and Phongpaichit 2009, xv, 7-13) Chris Baker and Pasuk Phongpaichit. 2009. <i>A Histor... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 17 | Cambodian Basin | Siam | 103.8667 | 13.4125 | Angkor Wat | KH | Cambodia | Southeast Asia | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
367 | EgAyyub | 1,171 | 1,250 | Ayyubid Sultanate | eg_ayyubid_sultanate | LEGACY | The Ayyubid Sultanate was established in Egypt by Saladin (Ṣalāḥ-al-dīn), a member of the Kurdish Ayyubid family who had risen to prominence in Syria in the service of a local ruling dynasty, the Zangids. §REF§ (Humphreys 1987) R. S. Humphreys. 1987. 'Ayyubids', <i>Encyclopӕdia Iranica</i> III/2, pp. 164-67; an updated... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
16 | MxAztec | 1,427 | 1,526 | Aztec Empire | mx_aztec_emp | LEGACY | The Basin or Valley of Mexico is a highlands plateau in central Mexico roughly corresponding to modern-day Mexico City. Here, we are interested in the phase of its prehistory known as the Late Postclassic period, when the Aztecs or Mexica rose to power (c. 1427-1526 CE). The Aztec Empire was born from the "Triple Allia... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 27 | Basin of Mexico | Mexico | -99.13 | 19.43 | Ciudad de Mexico | MX | Mexico | North America | 23 | Mexico | Mexico | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
510 | EgBadar | -4,400 | -3,800 | Badarian | eg_badarian | LEGACY | The Badarian, a Neolithic archaeological culture located in Upper Egypt and dating from c. 4400 to 3300 BCE, was first described in 1928 by archaeologists Guy Brunton and Gertrude Caton-Thompson, who excavated in the Badari district near Assyut. §REF§ (Hassan 1988, 138) F. A. Hassan. 1988. 'The Predynastic of Egypt'. <... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
379 | MmPagan | 1,044 | 1,287 | Bagan | mm_bagan | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-11-14T13:55:38.367148Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
411 | InBahma | 1,347 | 1,518 | Bahmani Sultanate | in_bahmani_sultanate | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2025-04-08T15:48:16.237373Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 40 | Southern India | Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
262 | KrBalha | 698 | 926 | Balhae Kingdom | kr_balhae_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
434 | MlBaman | 1,712 | 1,861 | Bamana kingdom | ml_bamana_k | LEGACY | The Bamana Kingdom was founded in 1712 by Biton Kulibali §REF§ (Brett-Smith 2002, 940) Sarah C. Brett-Smith. 2002. 'Bamana Identity, State Formation, and the Sources of Bamana Art'. <i>American Anthropologist</i> 104 (3): 939-52. §REF§ and became part of the Tukulor (or Toucouleur) empire in 1861, when El Hajj Umar Ta... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 6 | Niger Inland Delta | Sahel | -3.041703 | 16.717549 | Timbuctu | ML | Mali | Africa | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
828 | ba_bosnia_banate | 1,154 | 1,376 | Banate of Bosnia | ba_bosnia_banate | OTHER_TAG | null | Banate of Bosnia | null | 2024-04-09T14:06:42.415836Z | 2024-04-09T14:06:42.415847Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
226 | IbBnGhn | 1,126 | 1,227 | Banu Ghaniya | ib_banu_ghaniya | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
481 | IqBazi* | -1,005 | -986 | Bazi Dynasty | iq_bazi_dyn | LEGACY | This period begins with the ascension of the founder of the Bazi dynasty, Eulmash-shakin-shumi in 1005 BCE after a turbulent period of famine and invasions. §REF§ (Brinkman, 297) Brinkman, J.A. 1982. “Babylonia.” In <i>The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. 3, Part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 8 | Southern Mesopotamia | Levant-Mesopotamia | 44.42 | 32.47 | Babylon (Hillah) | IQ | Iraq | Southwest Asia | 62 | Mesopotamia | Iraq, Kuwait | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
447 | FrBeakr | -3,200 | -2,000 | Beaker Culture | fr_beaker_eba | LEGACY | In the late 3rd millennium BCE, new forms of material culture spread across the former megalithic zone of Neolithic Europe. §REF§ (McIntosh 2006, 55) McIntosh, J. 2006. <i>Handbook to Life in Prehistoric Europe.</i> Oxford: Oxford University Press. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="https://www.zotero.org/group... | null | null | null | 2024-04-15T15:39:50.374042Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
409 | BdBengl | 1,338 | 1,538 | Bengal Sultanate | bd_bengal_sultanate | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 37 | Eastern South Asia | Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
672 | ni_benin_emp | 1,140 | 1,897 | Benin Empire | ni_benin_emp | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
861 | tr_candar_bey | 1,291 | 1,461 | Beylik of Candar | tr_candar_bey | OTHER_TAG | null | Beylik of Isfendiyar | null | 2024-04-10T10:22:18.974378Z | 2024-04-10T10:22:18.974393Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
847 | tr_karaman_bey | 1,250 | 1,487 | Beylik of Karaman | tr_karaman_bey | OTHER_TAG | null | Beylik of Karaman | null | 2024-04-10T08:47:45.437183Z | 2024-04-10T08:47:45.437197Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
413 | InBijap | 1,470 | 1,686 | Bijapur Sultanate | in_bijapur_sultanate | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2025-04-08T15:49:24.595109Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 40 | Southern India | Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
535 | UgBito | 1,700 | 1,894 | Bito Dynasty | ug_bunyoro_k_2 | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-10-30T17:40:10.647554Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 1 | Central Africa | Angola and DRC | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
904 | bo_bolivia_rep | 1,825 | 1,952 | Bolivia - Independence and Republican Era | bo_bolivia_rep | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-10-16T09:33:47.632873Z | 2024-10-16T09:33:47.632893Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 32 | Andes | From Ecuador to Chile | {'id': 6, 'name': 'South America and Caribbean'} |
905 | bo_bolivia_modern | 1,953 | 2,024 | Bolivia - Modern Era | bo_bolivia_modern | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-10-16T09:35:44.049773Z | 2024-10-16T09:35:44.049791Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 32 | Andes | From Ecuador to Chile | {'id': 6, 'name': 'South America and Caribbean'} |
802 | de_brandenburg_2 | 1,618 | 1,870 | Brandenburg-Prussia | de_hohenzollern_2 | OTHER_TAG | This period marks the rise of Brandenburg-Prussia from a principality to a leading European power, culminating in the unification of Germany, laying the groundwork for the modern German state.
It started with the personal union of Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia under John Sigismund of the Hohenzollern dynasty ... | null | null | 2024-01-26T14:19:29.747465Z | 2024-03-12T09:42:55.795821Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
778 | BdEastIndiaCompany | 1,757 | 1,858 | British East India Company | in_east_india_co | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | null | 2023-11-20T10:53:54.606866Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 37 | Eastern South Asia | Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
587 | gb_british_emp_1 | 1,690 | 1,849 | British Empire I | gb_british_emp_1 | LEGACY | <br>The British Empire consisted of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by England (later as Britain after the Union Act of 1707).<br>The foundations of the Empire began in the early seventeenth century when England established overseas trading posts in North Am... | null | null | null | 2023-11-20T11:00:44.261539Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 15 | Deccan | Central India | 76.625407 | 15.386856 | Kampli | DEC | India | South Asia | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
786 | gb_british_emp_2 | 1,850 | 1,968 | British Empire II | gb_british_emp_2 | OTHER_TAG | <br>The British Empire consisted of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a constitutional monarchy. Governors, Proconsuls, and Viceroys were tasked with translating directives from London ... | null | MB: gb_british_emp_222222 must be temporary. | 2023-11-03T19:43:55.307566Z | 2025-03-14T09:53:53.240837Z | {'id': 22, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
35 | KhMekBA | -1,200 | -501 | Bronze Age Cambodia | kh_cambodia_ba | LEGACY | Provide a descriptive paragraph detailing the key features of the polity, which will help understanding the codes below. | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 17 | Cambodian Basin | Siam | 103.8667 | 13.4125 | Angkor Wat | KH | Cambodia | Southeast Asia | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
816 | gb_brythonic_k | 410 | 1,283 | Brythonic Kingdoms | gb_brythonic_k | OTHER_TAG | This quasipolity refers to the Brythonic-speaking kingdoms that emerged in western Britain and Brittany after the withdrawal of the Roman Empire in the early fifth century. They persisted in some form until the final conquest of Wales by Edward I of England in 1283. | Brythons, Kingdom of Gwynedd, Kingdom of Powys, Kingdom of Brycheiniog, Kingdom of Gwent, Kingdom of Morgannwg, Kingdom of Rheged, Dumnonia, Strathclyde, Cornwall, Kingdom of Seisyllwg | null | 2024-04-09T07:43:59.657759Z | 2024-04-09T07:43:59.657772Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
683 | Classical Buganda | 1,700 | 1,894 | Buganda | ug_buganda_k_2 | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
685 | Early Buganda copy | 1,450 | 1,699 | Buganda | ug_buganda_k_1 | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
694 | Bugesera | 1,700 | 1,799 | Bugesera | rw_bugesera_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
696 | Buhaya | 1,700 | 1,890 | Buhaya | tz_buhayo_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | 2024-10-16T08:57:51.040129Z | {'id': 82, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
308 | BgErBlg | 681 | 864 | Bulgaria - Early | bg_bulgaria_early | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
312 | BgMdBlg | 865 | 1,018 | Bulgaria - Middle | bg_bulgaria_medieval | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
690 | Burundi | 1,680 | 1,903 | Burundi | bu_burundi_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
362 | IrBuyid | 932 | 1,062 | Buyid Confederation | ir_buyid_confederation | LEGACY | The Buyid dynasty originated from Shahrud Valley in northwestern Iran. Ali b. Buya, a soldier in the Abbasid state, began taking territory by forced after being removed from his position as administrator of Karaj. By 934 CE, he had reached Fars. §REF§ (Busse 1975, 253-254) H Busse. 1975. Iran under the Buyids. In Frye... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
73 | TrByzM1 | 632 | 866 | Byzantine Empire I | tr_byzantine_emp_1 | LEGACY | The first Byzantine period, which lasts from 632 CE in the reign of Heraclius (r.610-641 CE) to 866 CE at the end of the reign of Michael III (r.842-867 CE) §REF§ (Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) H W Haussig. J M Hussey, trans. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson. §REF§ was in many ways chara... | null | null | null | 2024-05-07T17:04:48.385331Z | {'id': 41, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 11 | Konya Plain | Anatolia-Caucasus | 32.521164 | 37.877845 | Konya | TR | Turkey | Southwest Asia | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
75 | TrByzM2 | 867 | 1,072 | Byzantine Empire II | tr_byzantine_emp_2 | LEGACY | The phase of the Byzantine Empire from 867-1072 CE is commonly known as the Macedonian Dynasty (867-1056 CE), which the dates approximate. The Byzantine culture of the period was a military and aristocratic one with palaces serving "not only as imperial residences but also as administrative centres. They were placed pr... | null | null | null | 2024-01-08T15:48:32.982101Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 11 | Konya Plain | Anatolia-Caucasus | 32.521164 | 37.877845 | Konya | TR | Turkey | Southwest Asia | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
76 | TrByzM3 | 1,073 | 1,204 | Byzantine Empire III | tr_byzantine_emp_3 | LEGACY | The Byzantine period (1073-1204 CE) began with Michael VII Ducas (r.1071-1078 CE §REF§ (Haussig 1971, Chronological Table) H W Haussig. J M Hussey, trans. 1971. History of Byzantine Civilization. Thames and Hudson. §REF§ and ended in disintegration with court in-fighting over the regency agenda for Manuel's heir Alexi... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 4 | Crete | Southeastern Europe | 25.1442 | 35.3387 | Heraklion | GR | Greece | Europe | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
22 | USMisEW | -600 | -150 | Cahokia - Early Woodland | us_woodland_1 | LEGACY | 2000 BCE<div>Period of population growth begins §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>1 CE<br><div>c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>100 CE<div>Maize appears in the archaeological ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
27 | USMisSp | 750 | 900 | Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian I | us_emergent_mississippian_1 | LEGACY | The Sponemann-Collinsville-Loyd Period at Cahokia (750-900 CE) is significant for being a foundational period for later social developments at Cahokia. At this time appears the first signs of warfare, an increase in social complexity and more widespread consumption of farmed crops like maize.<br>The increase in social ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
34 | USMisME | 900 | 1,049 | Cahokia - Emergent Mississippian II | us_emergent_mississippian_2 | LEGACY | In the Emergent Mississippian Period (900-1050 CE) the Upper Mississippi region was populated by a number of small communities. The population of the largest settlement was probably in the region of 500 people - but a population is not thought to have been resident at the site that later became Cahokia until towards th... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
24 | USMisRo | 300 | 450 | Cahokia - Late Woodland I | us_woodland_3 | LEGACY | 2000 BCE<div>Period of population growth begins §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>1 CE<br><div>c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>100 CE<div>Maize appears in the archaeological ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
25 | USMisMu | 450 | 600 | Cahokia - Late Woodland II | us_woodland_4 | LEGACY | 2000 BCE<div>Period of population growth begins §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>1 CE<br><div>c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>100 CE<div>Maize appears in the archaeological ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
26 | USMisPa | 600 | 750 | Cahokia - Late Woodland III | us_woodland_5 | LEGACY | 2000 BCE<div>Period of population growth begins §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>1 CE<br><div>c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>100 CE<div>Maize appears in the archaeological ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
32 | USCahoE | 1,050 | 1,199 | Cahokia - Lohman-Stirling | us_cahokia_1 | LEGACY | Generations of archaeologists have been amazed that the geographical location of Cahokia had "almost no inhabitants' until 1000 CE. §REF§ (Peregrine/Trubitt 2014, 20) P Peregrine. S Ortman. E Rupley. 2014. Social Complexity at Cahokia. SFI WORKING PAPER: 2014-03-004. Sante Fe Institute. §REF§ Suddenly there was an inf... | null | null | null | 2025-01-23T14:54:25.339592Z | {'id': 149, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
23 | USMisMW | -150 | 300 | Cahokia - Middle Woodland | us_woodland_2 | LEGACY | 2000 BCE<div>Period of population growth begins §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>1 CE<br><div>c1 CE "large quantities of native cultigens began to be incorporated into midcontinental diets. §REF§ (Milner, Chaplin and Zavodny 2013) §REF§ </div><br>100 CE<div>Maize appears in the archaeological ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
33 | USCahoL | 1,200 | 1,275 | Cahokia - Moorehead | us_cahokia_2 | LEGACY | Generations of archaeologists have been amazed that at the geographical location of Cahokia there were "almost no inhabitants' until 1000 CE. §REF§ (Peregrine/Trubitt 2014, 20) P Peregrine. S Ortman. E Rupley. 2014. Social Complexity at Cahokia. SFI WORKING PAPER: 2014-03-004. Sante Fe Institute. §REF§ Suddenly there ... | null | null | null | 2024-11-21T16:31:51.153051Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
28 | USMisSd | 1,275 | 1,400 | Cahokia - Sand Prairie | us_cahokia_3 | LEGACY | The Sand Prairie phase is the name given by archaeologists to the period between around 1275 and 1400 CE in the American Bottom region, the portion of the floodplain of the Mississippi now located in southwestern Illinois. §REF§ (Kelly et al. 1984, 130) Kelly, John E., Steven J. Ozuk, Douglas K. Jackson, Dale L. McElra... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 28 | Cahokia | Mississippi Basin | -90.062035 | 38.658938 | St. Louis | USMO | United States | North America | 24 | Mississippi Basin | From the Great Lakes to Louisiana | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
103 | IlCanaa | -2,000 | -1,175 | Canaan | il_canaan | LEGACY | _Short description_<br>Very little is known about the ancient Canaanites and what is known is often through references given by other cultures (such as the Egyptians). Even combined with what is known and not known from archaeological work the overall picture of Canannite society should be taken as a very provisional o... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 10 | Galilee | Levant-Mesopotamia | 35.3035 | 32.6996 | Nazareth | IL | Israel | Southwest Asia | 61 | Levant | Israel/Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
701 | in_carnatic_sul | 1,710 | 1,801 | Carnatic Sultanate | in_carnatic_sul | POL_SA_SI | The Carnatic Sultanate originated as a vassal state of the Mughal Empire. In 1710 CE The Navaiyat dynasty under Saadutullah Khan became the first nawab of the Carnatic. The Carnatic Sultanate had its capital at Arcot. The Carnatic nawabs practiced Sufi Islam and their court language was Persian. §REF§ (Bugge, 2020) Bug... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 40 | Southern India | Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
309 | FrCarlE | 752 | 840 | Carolingian Empire I | fr_carolingian_emp_1 | LEGACY | Members of the Carolingian Dynasty had served as mayors of the palace under the Merovingian kings from the late 7th century CE onwards, wielding substantial power behind the throne. In 752 CE, however, Childeric III (last of the Merovingian rulers) was deposed and they seized outright control of the Frankish realm. §RE... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
311 | FrCarlL | 840 | 987 | Carolingian Empire II | fr_carolingian_emp_2 | LEGACY | Members of the Carolingian Dynasty had served as mayors of the palace under the Merovingian kings from the late 7th century CE onwards, wielding substantial power behind the throne. In 752 CE, however, Childeric III (last of the Merovingian rulers) was deposed and they seized outright control of the Frankish realm. §RE... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
201 | TnCarth | -814 | -146 | Carthage Empire | tn_carthage_emp | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
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