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1.99k
end_year
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2.02k
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stringlengths
120
13.2k
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63 values
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stringclasses
34 values
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stringclasses
128 values
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27
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stringclasses
96 values
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float64
1
35
home_nga_name
stringclasses
35 values
home_nga_subregion
stringclasses
30 values
home_nga_longitude
float64
-155.92
152
home_nga_latitude
float64
-13.48
64.1
home_nga_capital_city
stringclasses
35 values
home_nga_nga_code
stringclasses
35 values
home_nga_fao_country
stringclasses
28 values
home_nga_world_region
stringclasses
10 values
home_seshat_region_id
int64
1
64
home_seshat_region_name
stringclasses
45 values
home_seshat_region_subregions_list
stringclasses
45 values
home_seshat_region_mac_region
stringclasses
10 values
514
EgDyn1*
-3,100
-2,900
Egypt - Dynasty I
eg_dynasty_1
LEGACY
The First Dynasty of Egypt (c. 3100‒2900 BCE) was a relatively geographically constricted ancient state located near the Nile delta of Egypt, which was first unified under a ruler called Menes. §REF§ (David and David 2002, 86) R. David and A. E. David. 2002. <i>Biographical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt</i>. London: Rout...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
515
EgDyn2*
-2,900
-2,687
Egypt - Dynasty II
eg_dynasty_2
LEGACY
The Second Dynasty of Egypt (c. 2900‒2687 BCE) was a relatively geographically constricted state, centred near the Nile delta of Egypt and extending as far south as Aswan and the First Cataract of the Nile. Founded by Hotepsekhemwy, the kings of the Second Dynasty initially ruled over a centralized state, but as the pe...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
205
EgIntOc
-404
-342
Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period
eg_inter_occupation
LEGACY
The Inter-Occupation Dynasties (Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Dynasties, 404‒343/2 BCE) §REF§ (Fischer-Bovet 2014, 17) Christelle Fischer-Bovet. 2014. <i>Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. §REF§ §REF§ (Lloyd 2000, 377) Alan B. Lloyd. 2000. 'The Late Period (664-...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
521
SdKusht
-747
-656
Egypt - Kushite Period
eg_kushite
LEGACY
Towards the end of the preceding Thebes-Libyan period, the northern reaches of the Nile River were invaded by Amun-worshipping Kushites from the south who had built up a strong state based in Napata, in the Sudan, at the foot of Gebel Barkal mountain. §REF§ (Leclant 1981, 285) J. Leclant. 1981. 'The Empire of Kush: Nap...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
517
EgOldK2
-2,350
-2,150
Egypt - Late Old Kingdom
eg_old_k_2
LEGACY
The Old Kingdom period of Egypt covers the Third to Sixth ruling Dynasties, a period stretching from about 2650 to 2150 BCE. Seshat divides this period into two groups, the 'Classic' Old Kingdom period, covering the First through Fifth Dynasties (roughly 2650-2350 BCE), and the 'Late' Old Kingdom, comprising turbulent ...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
232
EgMamBh
1,260
1,348
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I
eg_mamluk_sultanate_1
LEGACY
The Mamluk Sultanate has two possible start dates: 1250 CE, when the last Ayyubid ruler in Egypt was deposed, or ten years later, once a period of disorder that included an attack from the Mongols had ended. Baybars (sultan from 1260 to 1277 CE) killed the first two Mamluk sultans after victories on the battlefield and...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
236
EgMamCP
1,348
1,412
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II
eg_mamluk_sultanate_2
LEGACY
Between 1348 and 1412 CE, a 'great crisis' struck Mamluk Egypt and Syria under the Bahri Dynasty sultan, precipitating the rise of the Burji (Circassian) Dynasty from 1382 CE. Instead of the traditional chronological division of the Mamluk Sultanate into two dynasties, we have therefore included a crisis period encapsu...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
239
EgMamBu
1,412
1,517
Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III
eg_mamluk_sultanate_3
LEGACY
During the Burji period of the Mamluk Sultanate, Egypt was ruled by an elite 'slave' military caste of Circassian origin. These rulers had replaced the earlier Bahri Dynasty, of Turkish origin, in 1382 CE during the preceding 'crisis phase'. With the assassination of Sultan Faraj in 1412 CE, Mamluk Egypt entered a 'rel...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
519
EgMidKg
-2,016
-1,700
Egypt - Middle Kingdom
eg_middle_k
LEGACY
After a phase of decentralized state power during the Period of the Regions (or First Intermediate Period), Egypt became unified once again during the Middle Kingdom (Eleventh, Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties, 2016‒1700 BCE), experiencing a 'golden age'. §REF§ (Callender 2000, 171) Gae Callender. 2000. 'The Middle Kin...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
199
EgNKRam
-1,293
-1,070
Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period
eg_new_k_2
LEGACY
The Ramesside era of the New Kingdom (1293-1070 BCE) is known as the last of the great native Egyptian states, when Egypt lost its foreign territories and the system of centralized government broke down once again. In contrast to the Thutmosid Period, which was dominated by an administration located in Upper Egypt, the...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
198
EgNKThu
-1,550
-1,293
Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period
eg_new_k_1
LEGACY
During the New Kingdom, the Egyptian king acquired the title of 'pharaoh', meaning 'great house'. In the Thutmosid Period, or Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1293 BCE), the pharaohs turned the Egyptian 'home' into a great empire stretching from Kush in northern Sudan (conquered by Thutmose I) to the south to Palestine and Syr...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
518
EgRegns
-2,150
-2,016
Egypt - Period of the Regions
eg_regions
LEGACY
The Period of the Regions, or the First Intermediate Period of Egypt, refers to the interval between the Old and the Middle Kingdoms. There was no single capital at this time. Instead, there were several powerful hereditary rulers scattered throughout the region, including the Herakleopolitan kings in the north and the...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
203
EgSaite
-664
-525
Egypt - Saite Period
eg_saite
LEGACY
If scholars are in disagreement over whether Egypt of the Kushite Empire experienced a period of centralized rule, this undoubtedly did occur during the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (664-525 BCE), §REF§ (Lloyd 2000, 364) Alan B. Lloyd. 2000. 'The Late Period (664-332 BC)', in <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>, edited ...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
520
EgThebH
-1,720
-1,567
Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period
eg_thebes_hyksos
LEGACY
During the Second Intermediate Period (c. 1720‒1567 BCE), or alternatively 'the Hyksos period and the Era of the Second Theban Petty State', §REF§ (Morenz and Popko 2010, 102) Ludwig D. Morenz and Lutz Popko. 2010. 'The Second Intermediate Period and the New Kingdom', in <i>A Companion to Ancient Egypt, Volume 1</i>, e...
null
null
null
2022-11-18T11:31:24.624816Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
200
EgThebL
-1,069
-747
Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period
eg_thebes_libyan
LEGACY
The Theban-Libyan Period in Egypt (Twenty-first, Twenty-second and Twenty-third Dynasties, 1069-747 BCE) §REF§ (Baines 2017) John Baines. January 2017. Seshat workshop. Oxford. §REF§ represents another time of decentralization in Egypt and, together with the subsequent Kushite period, makes up the Third Intermediate P...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
361
EgTulIk
868
969
Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period
eg_thulunid_ikhshidid
LEGACY
Egypt in the years between 868 and 969 CE is notable for frequent changes in rulers, including three separate regimes in just over a century: the Tulunid Dynasty, the Abbasid Restoration Period, and the Ikshidid Dynasty, which eventually gave way to the Fatimid Caliphate. The Tulunids were a Turkic Dynasty who establis...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
495
IrAwanE
-2,675
-2,100
Elam - Awan Dynasty I
ir_elam_1
LEGACY
Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside...
null
null
null
2024-04-25T12:05:10.194050Z
{'id': 33, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
502
IrElmCP
-1,100
-900
Elam - Crisis Period
ir_elam_8
LEGACY
The period between c. 1100 and the mid-8th century BCE has been seen as one of decline for the Elamite civilization, §REF§ (Liverani 2014, 461) Liverani, Marco. 2014. The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Translated by Soraia Tabatabai. Abingdon: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="http...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
497
IrSukkE
-1,900
-1,701
Elam - Early Sukkalmah
ir_elam_3
LEGACY
Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
500
IrMElm2
-1,399
-1,200
Elam - Igihalkid Period
ir_elam_6
LEGACY
The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
499
IrMElm1
-1,500
-1,400
Elam - Kidinuid Period
ir_elam_5
LEGACY
The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
498
IrSukkL
-1,700
-1,500
Elam - Late Sukkalmah
ir_elam_4
LEGACY
Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
496
IrShima
-2,028
-1,940
Elam - Shimashki Period
ir_elam_2
LEGACY
Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
501
IrMElm3
-1,199
-1,100
Elam - Shutrukid Period
ir_elam_7
LEGACY
The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
503
IrNElm1
-900
-744
Elam I
ir_neo_elam_1
LEGACY
The period between c. 1100 and the mid-8th century BCE has been seen as one of decline for the Elamite civilization, §REF§ (Liverani 2014, 461) Liverani, Marco. 2014. The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Translated by Soraia Tabatabai. Abingdon: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="http...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
504
IrNElm2
-743
-647
Elam II
ir_neo_elam_2
LEGACY
Our Neo-Elamite II period runs from 743 BCE, when the Elamite king Humban-nikash I came to the throne (according to the Babylonian Chronicle), §REF§ (Potts 2004, 263) Potts, D. T. 2004. The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: ...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
505
IrNElm3
-612
-539
Elam III
ir_neo_elam_3
LEGACY
Our Neo-Elamite III period begins in 647 BCE, the date of the invasion of Elam and sack of the ancient city of Susa by the Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal, §REF§ (Álvarez-Mon, Garrison and Stronach 2011, 10) Álvarez-Mon, Javier, Mark B. Garrison, and David Stronach. 2011. "Introduction." In Elam and Persia, edited by Ja...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
803
de_bavaria_1
1,623
1,806
Electorate of Bavaria
de_bavaria_1
OTHER_TAG
The Electorate of Bavaria, established in 1623 during the Thirty Years' War, was a significant territorial state within the Holy Roman Empire, primarily encompassing what is now modern-day Bavaria, Germany. Unlike the decentralized nature of the Empire, the Electorate was a more unified entity with Munich serving as it...
null
null
2024-01-26T14:21:26.086231Z
2024-02-14T16:51:51.698949Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
15
Central Europe
Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
801
de_brandenburg_1
1,415
1,618
Electorate of Brandenburg
de_hohenzollern_1
OTHER_TAG
The era from 1415 to 1618 in Brandenburg was marked by the gradual emergence of a centralized state, the strategic territorial expansion, and the foundational development of what would become one of Europe's most powerful dynasties. The Hohenzollerns' political strategies, combined with significant cultural and religio...
null
null
2024-01-26T14:18:40.640870Z
2024-03-12T09:42:48.196889Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
15
Central Europe
Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
507
IrElym2
25
215
Elymais II
ir_elymais_2
LEGACY
"The Elymean or Middle Parthian Period (ca. 25 B.C.-ca. A.D. 125) (figure 76) coincides with the rise of an autonomous Elymean state, incorporating Susa and most of the Susiana Plain. It is also apparently the period when Susa reached its zenith as an economic power. Coins dated to this period and minted at Seleucia an...
null
null
null
2023-11-10T20:09:43.913829Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
898
af_afghanistan_emirate
1,827
1,926
Emirate of Afghanistan
af_afghanistan_emirate
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2024-07-04T09:09:18.410888Z
2024-07-04T13:27:22.468463Z
{'id': 71, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
8
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
{'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'}
841
es_cordoba_emirate
756
928
Emirate of Córdoba
es_cordoba_emirate
OTHER_TAG
null
Emirate of Córdoba
null
2024-04-10T08:29:23.767974Z
2024-04-10T08:29:23.767985Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
18
Southern Europe
Iberia, Italy
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
652
et_harar_emirate
1,650
1,875
Emirate of Harar
et_harar_emirate
POL_AFR_EAST
The Emirate of Harar was the successor of the Imamate of Aussa. The Emirate was founded in the middle of the seventh century by Ali B. Dawud. The capital of the Emirate was Harar, which is one of the holiest cities in the Islamic world. During the time of the Emirate, Harar was an important Islamic centre for Quranic s...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
730
br_brazil_emp
1,822
1,888
Empire of Brazil
br_brazil_emp
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
31
Amazonia
Brazil, Guyanas, plus Amazonian parts of bordering states
{'id': 6, 'name': 'South America and Caribbean'}
588
jp_japanese_emp
1,869
1,945
Empire of Japan
jp_japanese_emp
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
2023-10-18T14:12:18.417504Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
14
Northeast Asia
Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
848
tr_trebizond_emp
1,204
1,461
Empire of Trebizond
tr_trebizond_emp
OTHER_TAG
null
Empire of Trebizond
null
2024-04-10T09:55:21.896103Z
2024-04-10T09:55:21.896115Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
43
Anatolia-Caucasus
Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
302
GBEnglK
1,486
1,689
England Tudor-Stuart
gb_tudor_stuart
LEGACY
<br>This polity begins with the start of the Tudor dynasty, commencing with Henry VII’s reign, and runs until the end of the Glorious Revolution in 1689.<br>This period incorporates immense changes in technology, science, medicine, demographics as well as seeing the creation of the British Empire and its widespread col...
null
null
null
2025-02-15T13:34:11.960451Z
{'id': 182, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
13
MxEpicl
650
899
Epiclassic Basin of Mexico
mx_basin_of_mexico_8
LEGACY
The Basin or Valley of Mexico is a highlands plateau in central Mexico roughly corresponding to modern-day Mexico City. Here, we are interested in the phase of its prehistory known as the Epiclassic or Late Classic period (c. 650-899 CE). In this period, Teotihuacan had diminished in size and lost its hold over the reg...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
27
Basin of Mexico
Mexico
-99.13
19.43
Ciudad de Mexico
MX
Mexico
North America
23
Mexico
Mexico
{'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'}
422
CnErlig
-1,650
-1,250
Erligang
cn_erligang
LEGACY
Erligang culture developed during the final phase of Erlitou in the central Yellow River valley. In Sima Qian’s <i>Basic Annals of the Yin,</i> the last Xia king is overthrown and executed by the first king of Shang Cheng Tang. §REF§ (Major and Cook 2017, 77) Major, John S. and Constance Cook. 2017. Ancient China: A H...
null
null
null
2024-01-04T15:29:18.017912Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
20
Middle Yellow River Valley
North China
112.517587
34.701825
Luoyang
CN
China
East Asia
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
421
CnErlit
-1,850
-1,600
Erlitou
cn_erlitou
LEGACY
Erlitou is a large Bronze Age settlement in the central Yellow River valley southeast of modern Luoyang. §REF§ (Major and Cook 2017, 61) Major, John S. and Constance Cook. 2017. Ancient China: A History. New York: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databa...
null
null
null
2024-01-04T15:28:49.950419Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
20
Middle Yellow River Valley
North China
112.517587
34.701825
Luoyang
CN
China
East Asia
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
234
EtEthiK
1,270
1,620
Ethiopia Kingdom
et_ethiopian_k
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
2025-01-23T15:48:59.828581Z
{'id': 135, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
789
et_ethiopian_k_2
1,621
1,768
Ethiopia Kingdom II
et_ethiopian_k_2
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2023-12-07T16:10:22.768317Z
2023-12-07T16:10:22.768332Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
788
et_ethiopian_k_3
1,769
1,854
Ethiopia Kingdom III
et_ethiopian_k_3
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2023-12-07T16:09:45.909264Z
2023-12-07T16:09:45.909278Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
187
ItRav**
568
751
Exarchate of Ravenna
it_ravenna_exarchate
LEGACY
We begin our Exarchate of Ravenna polity in 568 CE, the date of the last praetorian prefect in Italy, although the first 'exarch' (essentially a governor with political and military authority) known by name dates to the last decades of the 6th century. §REF§ (Noble 1984, 4) Thomas F. X. Noble. 1984. <i>The Republic of ...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
1
Latium
Southern Europe
12.486948
41.890407
Rome
IT
Italy
Europe
18
Southern Europe
Iberia, Italy
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
221
TnFatim
909
1,171
Fatimid Caliphate
tn_fatimid_cal
LEGACY
The Fatimid Caliphate lasted from 909 to 1171 CE. After a failed uprising against the Sunni Abbasids in Syria, the head of the Ismaili Shi'a religious movement - who claimed descent from Muhammad's daughter Fatimah by way of her descendent Ismail - fled to Tunisia. There, with the help of local Berber warriors, he 'sei...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
5
Upper Egypt
Northeastern Africa
32.714706
25.725715
Luxor
EG
Egypt
Africa
4
Northeast Africa
Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
65
GrCrFPa
-1,200
-1,000
Final Postpalatial Crete
gr_crete_post_palace_2
LEGACY
With the fall or weakening of the great Eastern Mediterranean powers--the Hittites, the Assyrians, Egypt--there is evidence for a correspondingly "troubled" phase in Crete's prehistory. Most notably, the population moved from the coast to the hinterland, suggesting the coasts were no longer safe. Minoan culture continu...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
4
Crete
Southeastern Europe
25.1442
35.3387
Heraklion
GR
Greece
Europe
19
Southeastern Europe
Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
693
Milansi
1,600
1,890
Fipa
tz_milansi_k
POL_AFR_EAST
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
546
Cn5Dyna
906
970
Five Dynasties Period
cn_five_dyn
LEGACY
Five Dynasties Period is an "intercycle quasipolity," referring to the period of disunity and instability in China between the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Song Dynasty. An alternative name is The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
null
null
null
2023-11-10T20:28:44.535122Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
486
IrForma
-7,200
-7,000
Formative Period
ir_susiana_formative
LEGACY
"The Formative Ceramic Phase. Soon after the initial Aceramic phase at Coga Bonut, plain and crude pottery vessels of simple shapes appeared, marking the beginning of the Formative Ceramic phase of the following Archaic period. During this phase, several classes of simple decorated pottery vessels, some with fugitive p...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
9
Susiana
Levant-Mesopotamia
48.235564
32.382851
Susa (Shush)
IR
Iran
Southwest Asia
45
Iran
Iran
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
671
ni_dahomey_k
1,715
1,894
Foys
ni_dahomey_k
POL_AFR_WEST
null
null
null
null
2025-01-23T15:31:59.740679Z
{'id': 132, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
7
West Africa
From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
609
si_freetown_1
1,787
1,808
Freetown
si_freetown_1
POL_AFR_WEST
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
7
West Africa
From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
460
FrBurbE
1,589
1,660
French Kingdom - Early Bourbon
fr_bourbon_k_1
LEGACY
The House of Bourbon (The Ancien Regime) ruled France from the death of the childless Late Valois king Henry III in 1589 CE to the re-convening of the Estates General during the French Revolution. The Early Bourbon period covers the Kingdom of France from the inheritance of the monarchy by Henry VI to the rise of Louis...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
333
FrValoE
1,328
1,450
French Kingdom - Early Valois
fr_valois_k_1
LEGACY
The French crown passed to the Valois Dynasty in 1328 after a succession crisis within the ruling Capetian family, and the Valois reigned over the French kingdom until 1589 CE. Here we focus on the early Valois period, 1328-1450 CE, which was marked by the Hundred Years' War and the economic and human devastation cause...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
461
FrBurbL
1,660
1,815
French Kingdom - Late Bourbon
fr_bourbon_k_2
LEGACY
The House of Bourbon (The Ancien Regime) ruled France from the death of the childless Late Valois king Henry III in 1589 CE to the re-convening of the Estates General during the French Revolution. The Late Bourbon period began as King Louis XIV consolidated monarchical power in 1661 CE and ended when King Louis XVI sig...
null
null
null
2024-11-18T11:54:10.131065Z
{'id': 125, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
458
FrCaptL
1,150
1,328
French Kingdom - Late Capetian
fr_capetian_k_2
LEGACY
In the history of France the Late Capetian period (1150-1328 CE) was a character-defining period of administrative centralization and demographic expansion.<br><i>Population and political organization</i><br>Before Philip II (r. 1180-1223 CE), government was very simple and closely linked to the king's court, which was...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
459
FrValoL
1,450
1,589
French Kingdom - Late Valois
fr_valois_k_2
LEGACY
The Late Valois (Valois dynasty) represent the last century of Valois rule over the French Kingdom from 1450-1589 CE. The period was greatly impacted by the French Renaissance, external war against the Italians and Habsburgs, and the internal Wars of Religion. First Late Valois king Louis XI (1461-1483 CE) continued to...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
37
KhFunaE
225
540
Funan I
kh_funan_1
LEGACY
'Funan' is the name the Chinese gave to the polity (or cluster of polities) that, between the 3rd and the 7th centuries CE, ruled over much of the southern portion of mainland Southeast Asia ‒ including territory that is today southern Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar, as well as all of Cambodia. §REF§ (West 2009, 222) B...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
17
Cambodian Basin
Siam
103.8667
13.4125
Angkor Wat
KH
Cambodia
Southeast Asia
41
Mainland Southeast Asia
Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam
{'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'}
38
KhFunaL
540
640
Funan II
kh_funan_2
LEGACY
'Funan' is the name the Chinese gave to the polity (or cluster of polities) that, between the 3rd and the 7th centuries CE, ruled over much of the southern portion of mainland Southeast Asia ‒ including territory that is today southern Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar, as well as all of Cambodia. §REF§ (West 2009, 222) B...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
17
Cambodian Basin
Siam
103.8667
13.4125
Angkor Wat
KH
Cambodia
Southeast Asia
41
Mainland Southeast Asia
Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam
{'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'}
649
et_funj_sultanate
1,504
1,820
Funj Sultanate
et_funj_sultanate
POL_AFR_EAST
The Funj Sultanate was a kingdom in modern-day Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea. The Funj Sultanate was founded in 1504 after its first ruler, Amara Dunquas defeated the Christian Alwa Kingdom. The capital of the Funj Sultanate was at Sinnar in Sudan. Islam spread early in the kingdom as it was originally accepted by the no...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
610
gu_futa_jallon
1,725
1,896
Futa Jallon
gu_futa_jallon
POL_AFR_WEST
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
7
West Africa
From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical)
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
405
InGhdvl
1,085
1,193
Gahadavala Dynasty
in_gahadavala_dyn
LEGACY
The Gahadavala Kingdom, ruled by the Gahadavala dynasty, was located in the Indian subcontinent spanning the modern-day states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar during 11th and 12th centuries.
null
null
null
2024-07-19T07:49:34.346036Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
14
Middle Ganga
Indo-Gangetic Plain
82.7
25.75
Jaunpur
UTPR
India
South Asia
64
North India
Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
328
UaGalicia
1,199
1,349
Galicia-Volhynia Principality
ua_galicia_volhynia_principality
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
16
Eastern Europe
Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
404
InGanga
1,028
1,435
Ganga Kingdom
in_ganga_k
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
2025-03-11T16:48:55.394745Z
{'id': 148, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
37
Eastern South Asia
Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
796
in_gangaridai
-300
-100
Gangaridai
in_gangaridai
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2023-12-07T16:18:46.424116Z
2025-04-15T09:32:06.200356Z
{'id': 52, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
37
Eastern South Asia
Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
902
cn_ganzhou_k
893
1,036
Ganzhou Kingdom
cn_ganzhou_k
OTHER_TAG
null
Ganzhou Kingdom
null
2024-07-04T14:39:10.594580Z
2024-07-04T14:39:10.594595Z
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
783
BdGauda
600
625
Gauda Kingdom
in_gauda_k
OTHER_TAG
null
null
Formerly 600-750 CE
null
2024-06-10T10:25:21.820425Z
{'id': 59, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
37
Eastern South Asia
Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
66
GrCrGeo
-1,000
-710
Geometric Crete
gr_crete_geometric
LEGACY
The eleventh century BCE marks the beginning of radical changes in southern Greece generally as well as Crete specifically, largely resulting from the invasion from the North of the Dorians §REF§ (Whitley 1998, 27-39) J. Whitley. 1998. 'From Minoans to Eterocretans: the Praisos region 1200-500 BC,' in <i>Post-Minoan Cr...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
4
Crete
Southeastern Europe
25.1442
35.3387
Heraklion
GR
Greece
Europe
19
Southeastern Europe
Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
806
de_hohenzollern_3
1,871
1,918
Germany - Hohenzollern Dynasty
de_hohenzollern_3
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2024-01-26T14:26:26.185902Z
2024-03-12T11:14:39.919338Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
15
Central Europe
Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
356
JoGhass
500
636
Ghassanid Kingdom
jo_ghassanid_k
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
61
Levant
Israel/Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
363
AfGhazn
998
1,040
Ghaznavid Empire
af_ghaznavid_emp
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
8
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
{'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'}
134
AfGhurd
1,025
1,215
Ghur Principality
af_ghur_principality
LEGACY
The Ghurids were an Islamic Turkish dynasty that ruled the Persian Principality of Ghur between 1025-1215 CE. The peak of their power occurred with their defeat of the Ghaznavid Empire in 1186 CE. For the majority of its existence the Ghurid rulers were in a state of vassalage of the Ghaznavids and the sultans of the S...
null
null
null
2023-10-23T16:25:02.654099Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
13
Kachi Plain
Indo-Gangetic Plain
67.628836
29.377664
Mehrgarh
PK
Pakistan
South Asia
8
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
{'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'}
692
Gisaka
1,700
1,867
Gisaka
rw_gisaka_k
POL_AFR_EAST
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
252
KrGogur
-37
668
Goguryeo Kingdom
kr_goguryeo_k
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
14
Northeast Asia
Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
573
ru_golden_horde
1,240
1,440
Golden Horde
ru_golden_horde
LEGACY
<br>The Golden Horde – or Ulug Ulus (‘Great State’) – was originally a northwest sector of the Mongol Empire, which became one of four independent khanates after the fragmentation of the empire in 1259, led by the son of Ghengis Khan, Jochi.<br>Our Golden Horde polity begins in 1240 when Khan Batu, the grandson of Ghen...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
10
Pontic-Caspian
The steppe belt of Ukraine and European Russia
{'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'}
265
KrGorye
936
1,258
Goryeo Kingdom
kr_goryeo_k
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
14
Northeast Asia
Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
867
lt_lithuania_grand_duc
1,220
1,385
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
lt_lithuania_grand_duc
OTHER_TAG
null
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
null
2024-04-11T07:22:35.384042Z
2024-04-11T07:22:35.384057Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
15
Central Europe
Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
833
it_tuscany_grand_duc
1,569
1,860
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
it_tuscany_grand_duc
OTHER_TAG
null
Republic of Florence
null
2024-04-09T14:49:37.069057Z
2024-04-09T14:49:37.069070Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
18
Southern Europe
Iberia, Italy
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
599
ru_moskva_mongolian_period
1,240
1,479
Grand Principality of Moscow, Mongolian period
ru_moskva_mongolian_period
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
16
Eastern Europe
Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
337
RuMoskva
1,480
1,613
Grand Principality of Moscow, Rurikid Dynasty
ru_moskva_rurik_dyn
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
16
Eastern Europe
Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
824
rs_serbia_k
1,091
1,371
Grand Principality, Kingdom and Serbian Empire
rs_serbia_k
OTHER_TAG
null
Grand Principality of Serbia, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbian Empire
null
2024-04-09T12:57:15.047704Z
2024-04-13T11:52:39.307754Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
19
Southeastern Europe
Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
269
CnMing*
1,368
1,644
Great Ming
cn_ming_dyn
LEGACY
After 300 years of rule by outsiders, the Ming Dynasty, lasting from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries CE, restored Chinese rule to the region. §REF§ (Theobald 2000) Theobald Ulrich. 2000. 'Ming Dynasty Government and Administration'. <i>Chinaknowledge.de</i>. <a class="external free" href="http://www.chinakn...
null
null
null
2024-01-17T15:39:57.138564Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
20
Middle Yellow River Valley
North China
112.517587
34.701825
Luoyang
CN
China
East Asia
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
813
cz_moravia_k
820
907
Great Moravia
cz_moravia_k
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2024-03-13T15:27:30.401013Z
2024-03-13T15:27:30.401030Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
15
Central Europe
Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
268
CnYuan*
1,271
1,368
Great Yuan
cn_yuan_dyn
LEGACY
After a series of military campaigns, Kublai Khan, leader of the large and powerful Mongolian empire, took control of China and established a new Mongolian dynasty based in the territory of the former Jin empire. This polity, ruling from China, was to be known as the Yuan Dynasty, and lasted from 1271 CE until its even...
null
null
null
2024-01-04T16:00:20.553956Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
20
Middle Yellow River Valley
North China
112.517587
34.701825
Luoyang
CN
China
East Asia
58
North China
North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang
{'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'}
624
zi_great_zimbabwe
1,270
1,550
Great Zimbabwe
zi_great_zimbabwe
POL_AFR_SA
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
6
Southern Africa
Namibia, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique and south
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
350
AfGrBct
-256
-125
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
af_greco_bactrian_k
LEGACY
The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was a hereditary monarchy founded in the mid-3rd century BCE, probably by the Seleucid satrap Diodotus I,§REF§(Holt 1999, 51, 63) Holt, Frank Lee. 1999. Thundering Zeus: The Making of Hellenistic Bactria. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Seshat URL: <a href="https://www.zotero.or...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
23
Sogdiana
Turkestan
66.93817
39.631284
Samarkand
UZ
Uzbekistan
Central Eurasia
8
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
{'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'}
388
InGupta
320
550
Gupta Empire
in_gupta_emp
LEGACY
The Gupta polity ran from 320-514 CE, with its peak considered to be around 400 CE during the reign of Skanda-Gupta. §REF§ (Keay 2010, 146) Keay, John. 2010. India: A History. New Updated Edition. London: HarperPress. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items...
null
null
null
2024-10-17T09:15:38.939628Z
{'id': 65, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
14
Middle Ganga
Indo-Gangetic Plain
82.7
25.75
Jaunpur
UTPR
India
South Asia
64
North India
Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
418
in_gurjara_pratihara_dyn
730
1,030
Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty
in_gurjara_pratihara_dyn
LEGACY
The polity of Gurjar ran from c. 730 to 1030 CE with its territory spanning approximately 1 million square kilometres; roughly corresponding to a slightly smaller area than the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar combined. §REF§ (Keay 2000: 198) Seshat URL: <a class="external free" hre...
null
JR: Changed start year from 810 to 730 CE -- now matches the date range for ruler transitions.
null
2024-07-19T07:49:42.884204Z
{'id': 57, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
14
Middle Ganga
Indo-Gangetic Plain
82.7
25.75
Jaunpur
UTPR
India
South Asia
64
North India
Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
790
et_habesha
801
1,136
Habesha
et_habesha
OTHER_TAG
null
null
null
2023-12-07T16:11:32.953872Z
2023-12-07T16:11:32.953885Z
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
640
so_habr_yunis
1,300
1,886
Habr Yunis
so_habr_yunis
POL_AFR_EAST
The Habr Yunis Sultanate was originally part of the Isaaq Sultanate or clan group that began roughly around the fourteenth century with the arrival of Sheikh Isaq, (the founder of the Isaaq Somali people) from the Arabian Peninsula. §REF§ (Lewis 2002, 22-23) Lewis, Ioan M. 2002. A Modern History of the Somali: Nation a...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
645
et_hadiya_sultanate
1,300
1,680
Hadiya Sultanate
et_hadiya_sultanate
POL_AFR_EAST
The Hadeya Sultanate or Kingdom was in southwestern part of Ethiopia. The kingdom was first mentioned in the Ethiopian historical epic, Kebra Nast, in the early fourteenth century. During the early 1300s, the polity is thought to have paid tribute to the Ethiopian Empire under the reign of Amda Tseyon. By 1531, the Mus...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
228
TnHafsid
1,227
1,452
Hafsid Dynasty
tn_hafsid_dyn
LEGACY
null
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
3
Maghreb
From Morocco to Libya
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
449
FrHallA
-1,000
-900
Hallstatt A-B1
fr_hallstatt_a_b1
LEGACY
The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
450
FrHallB
-900
-700
Hallstatt B2-3
fr_hallstatt_b2_3
LEGACY
The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
451
FrHallC
-700
-600
Hallstatt C
fr_hallstatt_c
LEGACY
The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
452
FrHallD
-600
-475
Hallstatt D
fr_hallstatt_d
LEGACY
The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
2
Paris Basin
Western Europe
2.312458
48.866111
Paris
FR
France
Europe
20
Western Europe
British Isles, France, Low Countries
{'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'}
894
th_haribhunjaya_k
662
1,292
Haribhunjaya
th_haribhunjaya_k
OTHER_TAG
null
Haribhunjaya
null
2024-07-03T14:17:21.281240Z
2024-07-03T14:17:21.281255Z
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
41
Mainland Southeast Asia
Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam
{'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'}
644
et_harla_k
500
1,500
Harla Kingdom
et_harla_k
POL_AFR_EAST
null
null
null
null
2025-01-30T16:06:23.151565Z
{'id': 134, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'}
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
2
East Africa
Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea
{'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'}
884
in_harsha_emp
606
647
Harsha's Empire
in_harsha_emp
OTHER_TAG
null
Harsha Vardhana
null
2024-06-14T09:43:25.687364Z
2024-06-14T09:43:25.687378Z
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null
64
North India
Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
{'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'}
164
TrHatNK
-1,400
-1,180
Hatti - New Kingdom
tr_hatti_new_k
LEGACY
The period of the Hittite New Kingdom lasts from about 1400-1180 BCE although the dynasty that created it, originating from the city Kumbnani within the Kizzuwatna polity, came to power in the mid-fifteenth century BCE. The rulers of this dynasty were the creators of the Hittite empire, which during the reign of King S...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
11
Konya Plain
Anatolia-Caucasus
32.521164
37.877845
Konya
TR
Turkey
Southwest Asia
43
Anatolia-Caucasus
Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}
162
TrHatOK
-1,650
-1,500
Hatti - Old Kingdom
tr_hatti_old_k
LEGACY
The early period of the Hittite Kingdom lasted from about 1650 to 1500 BCE and is known as the Old Kingdom. The polity emerged after a group of Indo-European speakers migrated c. 2000 BCE from either the Causasus or the Bosphorus and Dardanelles and settled on a high plateau in western Anatolia known as Hatti. §REF§ (B...
null
null
null
null
{'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'}
11
Konya Plain
Anatolia-Caucasus
32.521164
37.877845
Konya
TR
Turkey
Southwest Asia
43
Anatolia-Caucasus
Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan
{'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'}