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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
514 | EgDyn1* | -3,100 | -2,900 | Egypt - Dynasty I | eg_dynasty_1 | LEGACY | The First Dynasty of Egypt (c. 3100‒2900 BCE) was a relatively geographically constricted ancient state located near the Nile delta of Egypt, which was first unified under a ruler called Menes. §REF§ (David and David 2002, 86) R. David and A. E. David. 2002. <i>Biographical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt</i>. London: Rout... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
515 | EgDyn2* | -2,900 | -2,687 | Egypt - Dynasty II | eg_dynasty_2 | LEGACY | The Second Dynasty of Egypt (c. 2900‒2687 BCE) was a relatively geographically constricted state, centred near the Nile delta of Egypt and extending as far south as Aswan and the First Cataract of the Nile. Founded by Hotepsekhemwy, the kings of the Second Dynasty initially ruled over a centralized state, but as the pe... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
205 | EgIntOc | -404 | -342 | Egypt - Inter-Occupation Period | eg_inter_occupation | LEGACY | The Inter-Occupation Dynasties (Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth Dynasties, 404‒343/2 BCE) §REF§ (Fischer-Bovet 2014, 17) Christelle Fischer-Bovet. 2014. <i>Army and Society in Ptolemaic Egypt</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. §REF§ §REF§ (Lloyd 2000, 377) Alan B. Lloyd. 2000. 'The Late Period (664-... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
521 | SdKusht | -747 | -656 | Egypt - Kushite Period | eg_kushite | LEGACY | Towards the end of the preceding Thebes-Libyan period, the northern reaches of the Nile River were invaded by Amun-worshipping Kushites from the south who had built up a strong state based in Napata, in the Sudan, at the foot of Gebel Barkal mountain. §REF§ (Leclant 1981, 285) J. Leclant. 1981. 'The Empire of Kush: Nap... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
517 | EgOldK2 | -2,350 | -2,150 | Egypt - Late Old Kingdom | eg_old_k_2 | LEGACY | The Old Kingdom period of Egypt covers the Third to Sixth ruling Dynasties, a period stretching from about 2650 to 2150 BCE. Seshat divides this period into two groups, the 'Classic' Old Kingdom period, covering the First through Fifth Dynasties (roughly 2650-2350 BCE), and the 'Late' Old Kingdom, comprising turbulent ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
232 | EgMamBh | 1,260 | 1,348 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate I | eg_mamluk_sultanate_1 | LEGACY | The Mamluk Sultanate has two possible start dates: 1250 CE, when the last Ayyubid ruler in Egypt was deposed, or ten years later, once a period of disorder that included an attack from the Mongols had ended. Baybars (sultan from 1260 to 1277 CE) killed the first two Mamluk sultans after victories on the battlefield and... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
236 | EgMamCP | 1,348 | 1,412 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate II | eg_mamluk_sultanate_2 | LEGACY | Between 1348 and 1412 CE, a 'great crisis' struck Mamluk Egypt and Syria under the Bahri Dynasty sultan, precipitating the rise of the Burji (Circassian) Dynasty from 1382 CE. Instead of the traditional chronological division of the Mamluk Sultanate into two dynasties, we have therefore included a crisis period encapsu... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
239 | EgMamBu | 1,412 | 1,517 | Egypt - Mamluk Sultanate III | eg_mamluk_sultanate_3 | LEGACY | During the Burji period of the Mamluk Sultanate, Egypt was ruled by an elite 'slave' military caste of Circassian origin. These rulers had replaced the earlier Bahri Dynasty, of Turkish origin, in 1382 CE during the preceding 'crisis phase'. With the assassination of Sultan Faraj in 1412 CE, Mamluk Egypt entered a 'rel... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
519 | EgMidKg | -2,016 | -1,700 | Egypt - Middle Kingdom | eg_middle_k | LEGACY | After a phase of decentralized state power during the Period of the Regions (or First Intermediate Period), Egypt became unified once again during the Middle Kingdom (Eleventh, Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties, 2016‒1700 BCE), experiencing a 'golden age'. §REF§ (Callender 2000, 171) Gae Callender. 2000. 'The Middle Kin... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
199 | EgNKRam | -1,293 | -1,070 | Egypt - New Kingdom Ramesside Period | eg_new_k_2 | LEGACY | The Ramesside era of the New Kingdom (1293-1070 BCE) is known as the last of the great native Egyptian states, when Egypt lost its foreign territories and the system of centralized government broke down once again. In contrast to the Thutmosid Period, which was dominated by an administration located in Upper Egypt, the... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
198 | EgNKThu | -1,550 | -1,293 | Egypt - New Kingdom Thutmosid Period | eg_new_k_1 | LEGACY | During the New Kingdom, the Egyptian king acquired the title of 'pharaoh', meaning 'great house'. In the Thutmosid Period, or Eighteenth Dynasty (1550-1293 BCE), the pharaohs turned the Egyptian 'home' into a great empire stretching from Kush in northern Sudan (conquered by Thutmose I) to the south to Palestine and Syr... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
518 | EgRegns | -2,150 | -2,016 | Egypt - Period of the Regions | eg_regions | LEGACY | The Period of the Regions, or the First Intermediate Period of Egypt, refers to the interval between the Old and the Middle Kingdoms. There was no single capital at this time. Instead, there were several powerful hereditary rulers scattered throughout the region, including the Herakleopolitan kings in the north and the... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
203 | EgSaite | -664 | -525 | Egypt - Saite Period | eg_saite | LEGACY | If scholars are in disagreement over whether Egypt of the Kushite Empire experienced a period of centralized rule, this undoubtedly did occur during the Twenty-sixth Dynasty (664-525 BCE), §REF§ (Lloyd 2000, 364) Alan B. Lloyd. 2000. 'The Late Period (664-332 BC)', in <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>, edited ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
520 | EgThebH | -1,720 | -1,567 | Egypt - Thebes-Hyksos Period | eg_thebes_hyksos | LEGACY | During the Second Intermediate Period (c. 1720‒1567 BCE), or alternatively 'the Hyksos period and the Era of the Second Theban Petty State', §REF§ (Morenz and Popko 2010, 102) Ludwig D. Morenz and Lutz Popko. 2010. 'The Second Intermediate Period and the New Kingdom', in <i>A Companion to Ancient Egypt, Volume 1</i>, e... | null | null | null | 2022-11-18T11:31:24.624816Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
200 | EgThebL | -1,069 | -747 | Egypt - Thebes-Libyan Period | eg_thebes_libyan | LEGACY | The Theban-Libyan Period in Egypt (Twenty-first, Twenty-second and Twenty-third Dynasties, 1069-747 BCE) §REF§ (Baines 2017) John Baines. January 2017. Seshat workshop. Oxford. §REF§ represents another time of decentralization in Egypt and, together with the subsequent Kushite period, makes up the Third Intermediate P... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
361 | EgTulIk | 868 | 969 | Egypt - Tulunid-Ikhshidid Period | eg_thulunid_ikhshidid | LEGACY | Egypt in the years between 868 and 969 CE is notable for frequent changes in rulers, including three separate regimes in just over a century: the Tulunid Dynasty, the Abbasid Restoration Period, and the Ikshidid Dynasty, which eventually gave way to the Fatimid Caliphate. The Tulunids were a Turkic Dynasty who establis... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
495 | IrAwanE | -2,675 | -2,100 | Elam - Awan Dynasty I | ir_elam_1 | LEGACY | Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside... | null | null | null | 2024-04-25T12:05:10.194050Z | {'id': 33, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
502 | IrElmCP | -1,100 | -900 | Elam - Crisis Period | ir_elam_8 | LEGACY | The period between c. 1100 and the mid-8th century BCE has been seen as one of decline for the Elamite civilization, §REF§ (Liverani 2014, 461) Liverani, Marco. 2014. The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Translated by Soraia Tabatabai. Abingdon: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="http... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
497 | IrSukkE | -1,900 | -1,701 | Elam - Early Sukkalmah | ir_elam_3 | LEGACY | Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
500 | IrMElm2 | -1,399 | -1,200 | Elam - Igihalkid Period | ir_elam_6 | LEGACY | The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
499 | IrMElm1 | -1,500 | -1,400 | Elam - Kidinuid Period | ir_elam_5 | LEGACY | The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
498 | IrSukkL | -1,700 | -1,500 | Elam - Late Sukkalmah | ir_elam_4 | LEGACY | Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
496 | IrShima | -2,028 | -1,940 | Elam - Shimashki Period | ir_elam_2 | LEGACY | Women in Elam<br>"with the rise of the nuclear family by the end of the third millennium ... daughters attained equal inheritance rights with sons. Sometimes fathers even preferred to pass on their entire estates to their daughters rather than to their sons. A wide's share of her husband's estate also increased conside... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
501 | IrMElm3 | -1,199 | -1,100 | Elam - Shutrukid Period | ir_elam_7 | LEGACY | The Middle Elamite kingdom, about 250,000 square kilometers, was located in what is now Southwestern Iran. §REF§ (Liverani, 2014. 279) Liverani, Mario. The ancient Near East: history, society and economy. London: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2014 §REF§ The kingdom is commonly split into three phases: the f... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
503 | IrNElm1 | -900 | -744 | Elam I | ir_neo_elam_1 | LEGACY | The period between c. 1100 and the mid-8th century BCE has been seen as one of decline for the Elamite civilization, §REF§ (Liverani 2014, 461) Liverani, Marco. 2014. The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Translated by Soraia Tabatabai. Abingdon: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="http... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
504 | IrNElm2 | -743 | -647 | Elam II | ir_neo_elam_2 | LEGACY | Our Neo-Elamite II period runs from 743 BCE, when the Elamite king Humban-nikash I came to the throne (according to the Babylonian Chronicle), §REF§ (Potts 2004, 263) Potts, D. T. 2004. The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Seshat URL: ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
505 | IrNElm3 | -612 | -539 | Elam III | ir_neo_elam_3 | LEGACY | Our Neo-Elamite III period begins in 647 BCE, the date of the invasion of Elam and sack of the ancient city of Susa by the Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal, §REF§ (Álvarez-Mon, Garrison and Stronach 2011, 10) Álvarez-Mon, Javier, Mark B. Garrison, and David Stronach. 2011. "Introduction." In Elam and Persia, edited by Ja... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
803 | de_bavaria_1 | 1,623 | 1,806 | Electorate of Bavaria | de_bavaria_1 | OTHER_TAG | The Electorate of Bavaria, established in 1623 during the Thirty Years' War, was a significant territorial state within the Holy Roman Empire, primarily encompassing what is now modern-day Bavaria, Germany. Unlike the decentralized nature of the Empire, the Electorate was a more unified entity with Munich serving as it... | null | null | 2024-01-26T14:21:26.086231Z | 2024-02-14T16:51:51.698949Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
801 | de_brandenburg_1 | 1,415 | 1,618 | Electorate of Brandenburg | de_hohenzollern_1 | OTHER_TAG | The era from 1415 to 1618 in Brandenburg was marked by the gradual emergence of a centralized state, the strategic territorial expansion, and the foundational development of what would become one of Europe's most powerful dynasties. The Hohenzollerns' political strategies, combined with significant cultural and religio... | null | null | 2024-01-26T14:18:40.640870Z | 2024-03-12T09:42:48.196889Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
507 | IrElym2 | 25 | 215 | Elymais II | ir_elymais_2 | LEGACY | "The Elymean or Middle Parthian Period (ca. 25 B.C.-ca. A.D. 125) (figure 76) coincides with the rise of an autonomous Elymean state, incorporating Susa and most of the Susiana Plain. It is also apparently the period when Susa reached its zenith as an economic power. Coins dated to this period and minted at Seleucia an... | null | null | null | 2023-11-10T20:09:43.913829Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
898 | af_afghanistan_emirate | 1,827 | 1,926 | Emirate of Afghanistan | af_afghanistan_emirate | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-07-04T09:09:18.410888Z | 2024-07-04T13:27:22.468463Z | {'id': 71, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 8 | Afghanistan | Afghanistan | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
841 | es_cordoba_emirate | 756 | 928 | Emirate of Córdoba | es_cordoba_emirate | OTHER_TAG | null | Emirate of Córdoba | null | 2024-04-10T08:29:23.767974Z | 2024-04-10T08:29:23.767985Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 18 | Southern Europe | Iberia, Italy | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
652 | et_harar_emirate | 1,650 | 1,875 | Emirate of Harar | et_harar_emirate | POL_AFR_EAST | The Emirate of Harar was the successor of the Imamate of Aussa. The Emirate was founded in the middle of the seventh century by Ali B. Dawud. The capital of the Emirate was Harar, which is one of the holiest cities in the Islamic world. During the time of the Emirate, Harar was an important Islamic centre for Quranic s... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
730 | br_brazil_emp | 1,822 | 1,888 | Empire of Brazil | br_brazil_emp | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 31 | Amazonia | Brazil, Guyanas, plus Amazonian parts of bordering states | {'id': 6, 'name': 'South America and Caribbean'} |
588 | jp_japanese_emp | 1,869 | 1,945 | Empire of Japan | jp_japanese_emp | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2023-10-18T14:12:18.417504Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
848 | tr_trebizond_emp | 1,204 | 1,461 | Empire of Trebizond | tr_trebizond_emp | OTHER_TAG | null | Empire of Trebizond | null | 2024-04-10T09:55:21.896103Z | 2024-04-10T09:55:21.896115Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
302 | GBEnglK | 1,486 | 1,689 | England Tudor-Stuart | gb_tudor_stuart | LEGACY | <br>This polity begins with the start of the Tudor dynasty, commencing with Henry VII’s reign, and runs until the end of the Glorious Revolution in 1689.<br>This period incorporates immense changes in technology, science, medicine, demographics as well as seeing the creation of the British Empire and its widespread col... | null | null | null | 2025-02-15T13:34:11.960451Z | {'id': 182, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
13 | MxEpicl | 650 | 899 | Epiclassic Basin of Mexico | mx_basin_of_mexico_8 | LEGACY | The Basin or Valley of Mexico is a highlands plateau in central Mexico roughly corresponding to modern-day Mexico City. Here, we are interested in the phase of its prehistory known as the Epiclassic or Late Classic period (c. 650-899 CE). In this period, Teotihuacan had diminished in size and lost its hold over the reg... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 27 | Basin of Mexico | Mexico | -99.13 | 19.43 | Ciudad de Mexico | MX | Mexico | North America | 23 | Mexico | Mexico | {'id': 7, 'name': 'North America'} |
422 | CnErlig | -1,650 | -1,250 | Erligang | cn_erligang | LEGACY | Erligang culture developed during the final phase of Erlitou in the central Yellow River valley. In Sima Qian’s <i>Basic Annals of the Yin,</i> the last Xia king is overthrown and executed by the first king of Shang Cheng Tang. §REF§ (Major and Cook 2017, 77) Major, John S. and Constance Cook. 2017. Ancient China: A H... | null | null | null | 2024-01-04T15:29:18.017912Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 20 | Middle Yellow River Valley | North China | 112.517587 | 34.701825 | Luoyang | CN | China | East Asia | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
421 | CnErlit | -1,850 | -1,600 | Erlitou | cn_erlitou | LEGACY | Erlitou is a large Bronze Age settlement in the central Yellow River valley southeast of modern Luoyang. §REF§ (Major and Cook 2017, 61) Major, John S. and Constance Cook. 2017. Ancient China: A History. New York: Routledge. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databa... | null | null | null | 2024-01-04T15:28:49.950419Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 20 | Middle Yellow River Valley | North China | 112.517587 | 34.701825 | Luoyang | CN | China | East Asia | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
234 | EtEthiK | 1,270 | 1,620 | Ethiopia Kingdom | et_ethiopian_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2025-01-23T15:48:59.828581Z | {'id': 135, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
789 | et_ethiopian_k_2 | 1,621 | 1,768 | Ethiopia Kingdom II | et_ethiopian_k_2 | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2023-12-07T16:10:22.768317Z | 2023-12-07T16:10:22.768332Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
788 | et_ethiopian_k_3 | 1,769 | 1,854 | Ethiopia Kingdom III | et_ethiopian_k_3 | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2023-12-07T16:09:45.909264Z | 2023-12-07T16:09:45.909278Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
187 | ItRav** | 568 | 751 | Exarchate of Ravenna | it_ravenna_exarchate | LEGACY | We begin our Exarchate of Ravenna polity in 568 CE, the date of the last praetorian prefect in Italy, although the first 'exarch' (essentially a governor with political and military authority) known by name dates to the last decades of the 6th century. §REF§ (Noble 1984, 4) Thomas F. X. Noble. 1984. <i>The Republic of ... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 1 | Latium | Southern Europe | 12.486948 | 41.890407 | Rome | IT | Italy | Europe | 18 | Southern Europe | Iberia, Italy | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
221 | TnFatim | 909 | 1,171 | Fatimid Caliphate | tn_fatimid_cal | LEGACY | The Fatimid Caliphate lasted from 909 to 1171 CE. After a failed uprising against the Sunni Abbasids in Syria, the head of the Ismaili Shi'a religious movement - who claimed descent from Muhammad's daughter Fatimah by way of her descendent Ismail - fled to Tunisia. There, with the help of local Berber warriors, he 'sei... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 5 | Upper Egypt | Northeastern Africa | 32.714706 | 25.725715 | Luxor | EG | Egypt | Africa | 4 | Northeast Africa | Egypt and Sudan (the Nile Basin) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
65 | GrCrFPa | -1,200 | -1,000 | Final Postpalatial Crete | gr_crete_post_palace_2 | LEGACY | With the fall or weakening of the great Eastern Mediterranean powers--the Hittites, the Assyrians, Egypt--there is evidence for a correspondingly "troubled" phase in Crete's prehistory. Most notably, the population moved from the coast to the hinterland, suggesting the coasts were no longer safe. Minoan culture continu... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 4 | Crete | Southeastern Europe | 25.1442 | 35.3387 | Heraklion | GR | Greece | Europe | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
693 | Milansi | 1,600 | 1,890 | Fipa | tz_milansi_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
546 | Cn5Dyna | 906 | 970 | Five Dynasties Period | cn_five_dyn | LEGACY | Five Dynasties Period is an "intercycle quasipolity," referring to the period of disunity and instability in China between the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Song Dynasty. An alternative name is The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. | null | null | null | 2023-11-10T20:28:44.535122Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
486 | IrForma | -7,200 | -7,000 | Formative Period | ir_susiana_formative | LEGACY | "The Formative Ceramic Phase. Soon after the initial Aceramic phase at Coga Bonut, plain and crude pottery vessels of simple shapes appeared, marking the beginning of the Formative Ceramic phase of the following Archaic period. During this phase, several classes of simple decorated pottery vessels, some with fugitive p... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 9 | Susiana | Levant-Mesopotamia | 48.235564 | 32.382851 | Susa (Shush) | IR | Iran | Southwest Asia | 45 | Iran | Iran | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
671 | ni_dahomey_k | 1,715 | 1,894 | Foys | ni_dahomey_k | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | 2025-01-23T15:31:59.740679Z | {'id': 132, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
609 | si_freetown_1 | 1,787 | 1,808 | Freetown | si_freetown_1 | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
460 | FrBurbE | 1,589 | 1,660 | French Kingdom - Early Bourbon | fr_bourbon_k_1 | LEGACY | The House of Bourbon (The Ancien Regime) ruled France from the death of the childless Late Valois king Henry III in 1589 CE to the re-convening of the Estates General during the French Revolution. The Early Bourbon period covers the Kingdom of France from the inheritance of the monarchy by Henry VI to the rise of Louis... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
333 | FrValoE | 1,328 | 1,450 | French Kingdom - Early Valois | fr_valois_k_1 | LEGACY | The French crown passed to the Valois Dynasty in 1328 after a succession crisis within the ruling Capetian family, and the Valois reigned over the French kingdom until 1589 CE. Here we focus on the early Valois period, 1328-1450 CE, which was marked by the Hundred Years' War and the economic and human devastation cause... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
461 | FrBurbL | 1,660 | 1,815 | French Kingdom - Late Bourbon | fr_bourbon_k_2 | LEGACY | The House of Bourbon (The Ancien Regime) ruled France from the death of the childless Late Valois king Henry III in 1589 CE to the re-convening of the Estates General during the French Revolution. The Late Bourbon period began as King Louis XIV consolidated monarchical power in 1661 CE and ended when King Louis XVI sig... | null | null | null | 2024-11-18T11:54:10.131065Z | {'id': 125, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
458 | FrCaptL | 1,150 | 1,328 | French Kingdom - Late Capetian | fr_capetian_k_2 | LEGACY | In the history of France the Late Capetian period (1150-1328 CE) was a character-defining period of administrative centralization and demographic expansion.<br><i>Population and political organization</i><br>Before Philip II (r. 1180-1223 CE), government was very simple and closely linked to the king's court, which was... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
459 | FrValoL | 1,450 | 1,589 | French Kingdom - Late Valois | fr_valois_k_2 | LEGACY | The Late Valois (Valois dynasty) represent the last century of Valois rule over the French Kingdom from 1450-1589 CE. The period was greatly impacted by the French Renaissance, external war against the Italians and Habsburgs, and the internal Wars of Religion. First Late Valois king Louis XI (1461-1483 CE) continued to... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
37 | KhFunaE | 225 | 540 | Funan I | kh_funan_1 | LEGACY | 'Funan' is the name the Chinese gave to the polity (or cluster of polities) that, between the 3rd and the 7th centuries CE, ruled over much of the southern portion of mainland Southeast Asia ‒ including territory that is today southern Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar, as well as all of Cambodia. §REF§ (West 2009, 222) B... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 17 | Cambodian Basin | Siam | 103.8667 | 13.4125 | Angkor Wat | KH | Cambodia | Southeast Asia | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
38 | KhFunaL | 540 | 640 | Funan II | kh_funan_2 | LEGACY | 'Funan' is the name the Chinese gave to the polity (or cluster of polities) that, between the 3rd and the 7th centuries CE, ruled over much of the southern portion of mainland Southeast Asia ‒ including territory that is today southern Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar, as well as all of Cambodia. §REF§ (West 2009, 222) B... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 17 | Cambodian Basin | Siam | 103.8667 | 13.4125 | Angkor Wat | KH | Cambodia | Southeast Asia | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
649 | et_funj_sultanate | 1,504 | 1,820 | Funj Sultanate | et_funj_sultanate | POL_AFR_EAST | The Funj Sultanate was a kingdom in modern-day Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea. The Funj Sultanate was founded in 1504 after its first ruler, Amara Dunquas defeated the Christian Alwa Kingdom. The capital of the Funj Sultanate was at Sinnar in Sudan. Islam spread early in the kingdom as it was originally accepted by the no... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
610 | gu_futa_jallon | 1,725 | 1,896 | Futa Jallon | gu_futa_jallon | POL_AFR_WEST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 7 | West Africa | From Senegal to Gabon (Tropical) | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
405 | InGhdvl | 1,085 | 1,193 | Gahadavala Dynasty | in_gahadavala_dyn | LEGACY | The Gahadavala Kingdom, ruled by the Gahadavala dynasty, was located in the Indian subcontinent spanning the modern-day states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar during 11th and 12th centuries. | null | null | null | 2024-07-19T07:49:34.346036Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 14 | Middle Ganga | Indo-Gangetic Plain | 82.7 | 25.75 | Jaunpur | UTPR | India | South Asia | 64 | North India | Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
328 | UaGalicia | 1,199 | 1,349 | Galicia-Volhynia Principality | ua_galicia_volhynia_principality | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 16 | Eastern Europe | Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
404 | InGanga | 1,028 | 1,435 | Ganga Kingdom | in_ganga_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | 2025-03-11T16:48:55.394745Z | {'id': 148, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 37 | Eastern South Asia | Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
796 | in_gangaridai | -300 | -100 | Gangaridai | in_gangaridai | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2023-12-07T16:18:46.424116Z | 2025-04-15T09:32:06.200356Z | {'id': 52, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 37 | Eastern South Asia | Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
902 | cn_ganzhou_k | 893 | 1,036 | Ganzhou Kingdom | cn_ganzhou_k | OTHER_TAG | null | Ganzhou Kingdom | null | 2024-07-04T14:39:10.594580Z | 2024-07-04T14:39:10.594595Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
783 | BdGauda | 600 | 625 | Gauda Kingdom | in_gauda_k | OTHER_TAG | null | null | Formerly 600-750 CE | null | 2024-06-10T10:25:21.820425Z | {'id': 59, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 37 | Eastern South Asia | Bangladesh + Indian states of West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
66 | GrCrGeo | -1,000 | -710 | Geometric Crete | gr_crete_geometric | LEGACY | The eleventh century BCE marks the beginning of radical changes in southern Greece generally as well as Crete specifically, largely resulting from the invasion from the North of the Dorians §REF§ (Whitley 1998, 27-39) J. Whitley. 1998. 'From Minoans to Eterocretans: the Praisos region 1200-500 BC,' in <i>Post-Minoan Cr... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 4 | Crete | Southeastern Europe | 25.1442 | 35.3387 | Heraklion | GR | Greece | Europe | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
806 | de_hohenzollern_3 | 1,871 | 1,918 | Germany - Hohenzollern Dynasty | de_hohenzollern_3 | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-01-26T14:26:26.185902Z | 2024-03-12T11:14:39.919338Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
356 | JoGhass | 500 | 636 | Ghassanid Kingdom | jo_ghassanid_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 61 | Levant | Israel/Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
363 | AfGhazn | 998 | 1,040 | Ghaznavid Empire | af_ghaznavid_emp | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 8 | Afghanistan | Afghanistan | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
134 | AfGhurd | 1,025 | 1,215 | Ghur Principality | af_ghur_principality | LEGACY | The Ghurids were an Islamic Turkish dynasty that ruled the Persian Principality of Ghur between 1025-1215 CE. The peak of their power occurred with their defeat of the Ghaznavid Empire in 1186 CE. For the majority of its existence the Ghurid rulers were in a state of vassalage of the Ghaznavids and the sultans of the S... | null | null | null | 2023-10-23T16:25:02.654099Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 13 | Kachi Plain | Indo-Gangetic Plain | 67.628836 | 29.377664 | Mehrgarh | PK | Pakistan | South Asia | 8 | Afghanistan | Afghanistan | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
692 | Gisaka | 1,700 | 1,867 | Gisaka | rw_gisaka_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
252 | KrGogur | -37 | 668 | Goguryeo Kingdom | kr_goguryeo_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
573 | ru_golden_horde | 1,240 | 1,440 | Golden Horde | ru_golden_horde | LEGACY | <br>The Golden Horde – or Ulug Ulus (‘Great State’) – was originally a northwest sector of the Mongol Empire, which became one of four independent khanates after the fragmentation of the empire in 1259, led by the son of Ghengis Khan, Jochi.<br>Our Golden Horde polity begins in 1240 when Khan Batu, the grandson of Ghen... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 10 | Pontic-Caspian | The steppe belt of Ukraine and European Russia | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
265 | KrGorye | 936 | 1,258 | Goryeo Kingdom | kr_goryeo_k | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 14 | Northeast Asia | Korea, Japan, forest part of Manchuria, Russian Far East | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
867 | lt_lithuania_grand_duc | 1,220 | 1,385 | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | lt_lithuania_grand_duc | OTHER_TAG | null | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | null | 2024-04-11T07:22:35.384042Z | 2024-04-11T07:22:35.384057Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
833 | it_tuscany_grand_duc | 1,569 | 1,860 | Grand Duchy of Tuscany | it_tuscany_grand_duc | OTHER_TAG | null | Republic of Florence | null | 2024-04-09T14:49:37.069057Z | 2024-04-09T14:49:37.069070Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 18 | Southern Europe | Iberia, Italy | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
599 | ru_moskva_mongolian_period | 1,240 | 1,479 | Grand Principality of Moscow, Mongolian period | ru_moskva_mongolian_period | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 16 | Eastern Europe | Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
337 | RuMoskva | 1,480 | 1,613 | Grand Principality of Moscow, Rurikid Dynasty | ru_moskva_rurik_dyn | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 16 | Eastern Europe | Belarus, non-Steppe Ukraine and European Russia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
824 | rs_serbia_k | 1,091 | 1,371 | Grand Principality, Kingdom and Serbian Empire | rs_serbia_k | OTHER_TAG | null | Grand Principality of Serbia, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbian Empire | null | 2024-04-09T12:57:15.047704Z | 2024-04-13T11:52:39.307754Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 19 | Southeastern Europe | Frm. Yugoslavia, Romania-Moldova, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
269 | CnMing* | 1,368 | 1,644 | Great Ming | cn_ming_dyn | LEGACY | After 300 years of rule by outsiders, the Ming Dynasty, lasting from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries CE, restored Chinese rule to the region. §REF§ (Theobald 2000) Theobald Ulrich. 2000. 'Ming Dynasty Government and Administration'. <i>Chinaknowledge.de</i>. <a class="external free" href="http://www.chinakn... | null | null | null | 2024-01-17T15:39:57.138564Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 20 | Middle Yellow River Valley | North China | 112.517587 | 34.701825 | Luoyang | CN | China | East Asia | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
813 | cz_moravia_k | 820 | 907 | Great Moravia | cz_moravia_k | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2024-03-13T15:27:30.401013Z | 2024-03-13T15:27:30.401030Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 15 | Central Europe | Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
268 | CnYuan* | 1,271 | 1,368 | Great Yuan | cn_yuan_dyn | LEGACY | After a series of military campaigns, Kublai Khan, leader of the large and powerful Mongolian empire, took control of China and established a new Mongolian dynasty based in the territory of the former Jin empire. This polity, ruling from China, was to be known as the Yuan Dynasty, and lasted from 1271 CE until its even... | null | null | null | 2024-01-04T16:00:20.553956Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 20 | Middle Yellow River Valley | North China | 112.517587 | 34.701825 | Luoyang | CN | China | East Asia | 58 | North China | North China without Tibet, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang | {'id': 4, 'name': 'East Asia'} |
624 | zi_great_zimbabwe | 1,270 | 1,550 | Great Zimbabwe | zi_great_zimbabwe | POL_AFR_SA | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 6 | Southern Africa | Namibia, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique and south | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
350 | AfGrBct | -256 | -125 | Greco-Bactrian Kingdom | af_greco_bactrian_k | LEGACY | The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was a hereditary monarchy founded in the mid-3rd century BCE, probably by the Seleucid satrap Diodotus I,§REF§(Holt 1999, 51, 63) Holt, Frank Lee. 1999. Thundering Zeus: The Making of Hellenistic Bactria. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Seshat URL: <a href="https://www.zotero.or... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 23 | Sogdiana | Turkestan | 66.93817 | 39.631284 | Samarkand | UZ | Uzbekistan | Central Eurasia | 8 | Afghanistan | Afghanistan | {'id': 3, 'name': 'Central and Northern Eurasia'} |
388 | InGupta | 320 | 550 | Gupta Empire | in_gupta_emp | LEGACY | The Gupta polity ran from 320-514 CE, with its peak considered to be around 400 CE during the reign of Skanda-Gupta. §REF§ (Keay 2010, 146) Keay, John. 2010. India: A History. New Updated Edition. London: HarperPress. Seshat URL: <a class="external free" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1051264/seshat_databank/items... | null | null | null | 2024-10-17T09:15:38.939628Z | {'id': 65, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 14 | Middle Ganga | Indo-Gangetic Plain | 82.7 | 25.75 | Jaunpur | UTPR | India | South Asia | 64 | North India | Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
418 | in_gurjara_pratihara_dyn | 730 | 1,030 | Gurjar-Pratihara Dynasty | in_gurjara_pratihara_dyn | LEGACY | The polity of Gurjar ran from c. 730 to 1030 CE with its territory spanning approximately 1 million square kilometres; roughly corresponding to a slightly smaller area than the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar combined. §REF§ (Keay 2000: 198) Seshat URL: <a class="external free" hre... | null | JR: Changed start year from 810 to 730 CE -- now matches the date range for ruler transitions. | null | 2024-07-19T07:49:42.884204Z | {'id': 57, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | 14 | Middle Ganga | Indo-Gangetic Plain | 82.7 | 25.75 | Jaunpur | UTPR | India | South Asia | 64 | North India | Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
790 | et_habesha | 801 | 1,136 | Habesha | et_habesha | OTHER_TAG | null | null | null | 2023-12-07T16:11:32.953872Z | 2023-12-07T16:11:32.953885Z | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
640 | so_habr_yunis | 1,300 | 1,886 | Habr Yunis | so_habr_yunis | POL_AFR_EAST | The Habr Yunis Sultanate was originally part of the Isaaq Sultanate or clan group that began roughly around the fourteenth century with the arrival of Sheikh Isaq, (the founder of the Isaaq Somali people) from the Arabian Peninsula. §REF§ (Lewis 2002, 22-23) Lewis, Ioan M. 2002. A Modern History of the Somali: Nation a... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
645 | et_hadiya_sultanate | 1,300 | 1,680 | Hadiya Sultanate | et_hadiya_sultanate | POL_AFR_EAST | The Hadeya Sultanate or Kingdom was in southwestern part of Ethiopia. The kingdom was first mentioned in the Ethiopian historical epic, Kebra Nast, in the early fourteenth century. During the early 1300s, the polity is thought to have paid tribute to the Ethiopian Empire under the reign of Amda Tseyon. By 1531, the Mus... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
228 | TnHafsid | 1,227 | 1,452 | Hafsid Dynasty | tn_hafsid_dyn | LEGACY | null | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 3 | Maghreb | From Morocco to Libya | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
449 | FrHallA | -1,000 | -900 | Hallstatt A-B1 | fr_hallstatt_a_b1 | LEGACY | The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
450 | FrHallB | -900 | -700 | Hallstatt B2-3 | fr_hallstatt_b2_3 | LEGACY | The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
451 | FrHallC | -700 | -600 | Hallstatt C | fr_hallstatt_c | LEGACY | The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
452 | FrHallD | -600 | -475 | Hallstatt D | fr_hallstatt_d | LEGACY | The Hallstatt culture, named after an archaeological site in Austria and traditionally divided into four phases, was the main cultural complex in Western Europe during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age. It coincides with the North Alpine complex, extending over modern-day central and southern Germany, northern Ita... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 2 | Paris Basin | Western Europe | 2.312458 | 48.866111 | Paris | FR | France | Europe | 20 | Western Europe | British Isles, France, Low Countries | {'id': 5, 'name': 'Europe'} |
894 | th_haribhunjaya_k | 662 | 1,292 | Haribhunjaya | th_haribhunjaya_k | OTHER_TAG | null | Haribhunjaya | null | 2024-07-03T14:17:21.281240Z | 2024-07-03T14:17:21.281255Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 41 | Mainland Southeast Asia | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, south Vietnam | {'id': 10, 'name': 'Southeast Asia'} |
644 | et_harla_k | 500 | 1,500 | Harla Kingdom | et_harla_k | POL_AFR_EAST | null | null | null | null | 2025-01-30T16:06:23.151565Z | {'id': 134, 'text': 'a new_private_comment_text new approach for polity'} | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2 | East Africa | Tanzania, Burundi, Uganda, So Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea | {'id': 2, 'name': 'Africa'} |
884 | in_harsha_emp | 606 | 647 | Harsha's Empire | in_harsha_emp | OTHER_TAG | null | Harsha Vardhana | null | 2024-06-14T09:43:25.687364Z | 2024-06-14T09:43:25.687378Z | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 64 | North India | Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal | {'id': 9, 'name': 'South Asia'} |
164 | TrHatNK | -1,400 | -1,180 | Hatti - New Kingdom | tr_hatti_new_k | LEGACY | The period of the Hittite New Kingdom lasts from about 1400-1180 BCE although the dynasty that created it, originating from the city Kumbnani within the Kizzuwatna polity, came to power in the mid-fifteenth century BCE. The rulers of this dynasty were the creators of the Hittite empire, which during the reign of King S... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 11 | Konya Plain | Anatolia-Caucasus | 32.521164 | 37.877845 | Konya | TR | Turkey | Southwest Asia | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
162 | TrHatOK | -1,650 | -1,500 | Hatti - Old Kingdom | tr_hatti_old_k | LEGACY | The early period of the Hittite Kingdom lasted from about 1650 to 1500 BCE and is known as the Old Kingdom. The polity emerged after a group of Indo-European speakers migrated c. 2000 BCE from either the Causasus or the Bosphorus and Dardanelles and settled on a high plateau in western Anatolia known as Hatti. §REF§ (B... | null | null | null | null | {'id': 1, 'text': 'NO_PRIVATE_COMMENTS'} | 11 | Konya Plain | Anatolia-Caucasus | 32.521164 | 37.877845 | Konya | TR | Turkey | Southwest Asia | 43 | Anatolia-Caucasus | Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan | {'id': 11, 'name': 'Southwest Asia'} |
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