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Menopause (early), see Early menopause | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/early-menopause/ | Early menopause is when your periods stop before the age of 45. It can happen naturally or be caused by treatment for other conditions.
Check if it's early menopause
The main symptom of early menopause is not having your period regularly or your periods stopping completely. Other symptoms include:hot flushes and night... |
Menstrual pain, see Period pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/period-pain/ | It's common to have pain or discomfort before or during your period. There are things you can do to help ease the pain.
Check if it's period pain
Period pain usually happens to women around the start of their period. It can affect anyone who has periods. You may have period pain if:you have pain in your tummy at the s... |
Mesothelioma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mesothelioma/ | Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the lining that covers the outer surface of some of the body's organs. It's usually linked to asbestos exposure. Mesothelioma mainly affects the lining of the lungs (pleural mesothelioma), although it can also affect the lining of the tummy (peritoneal mesothelioma), he... |
Metabolic syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/metabolic-syndrome/ | Metabolic syndrome is the name for a group of health problems that put you at risk of type 2 diabetes or conditions that affect your heart or blood vessels. It's different from metabolic disorders which are rare genetic conditions.
Symptoms of metabolic syndrome
You may not have any symptoms of metabolic syndrome. You... |
Metallic taste | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/metallic-taste/ | A metallic taste is not usually serious. What you can do to get rid of it will depend on the cause.
Common causes of a metallic taste
There are lots of possible causes of a metallic taste in the mouth. Common causes include:gum diseasetaking certain medicines, like metronidazole or zopiclonecancer treatments, like che... |
Metatarsalgia, see Pain in the ball of the foot | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/ | Pain in the ball of your foot is known as metatarsalgia. You can usually ease the pain yourself. But see a GP if it does not improve.
How you can ease pain in the ball of your foot yourself
If you see a GP about pain in the ball of your foot, they may suggest you try these things:
Do
rest and raise your foot when yo... |
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-mers/ | Check if you're at risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is caused by a virus. It usually spreads from contact with infected camels, including:touching thembeing bitteneating camel meat or drinking camel milkeating or drinking things that have been in contact with camel... |
Migraine | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/migraine/ | A migraine usually feels like a very bad headache with a throbbing pain on 1 side. It's common and there are things you can try to help.
Check if it's a migraine
A migraine tends to be a very bad headache with a throbbing pain on 1 side of the head. You may get other symptoms just before a migraine, such as:feeling ve... |
Miscarriage | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/miscarriage/ | A miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy during the first 23 weeks.
Symptoms of a miscarriage
The main sign of a miscarriage is vaginal bleeding, which may be followed by cramping and pain in your lower abdomen. If you have vaginal bleeding, contact a GP or your midwife. Most GPs can refer you to an early pregnancy un... |
Missed or late periods | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/missed-or-late-periods/ | Late or missed periods can be caused by many things. Most of the time it’s nothing to worry about but see a doctor about them just in case.
Causes of missed or late periods
Many women will have missed or late periods at some time. Missed or late periods can affect anyone who has periods. Common causes of a missed or l... |
Mitral valve problems | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mitral-valve-problems/ | The mitral valve is a small flap in the heart that stops blood flowing the wrong way. Problems with it can affect how blood flows around the body. The main problems that affect the mitral valve are:mitral valve prolapse – the valve becomes too floppymitral regurgitation – the valve leaks and blood flows the wrong waymi... |
Molar pregnancy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/molar-pregnancy/ | A molar pregnancy is when there's a problem with a fertilised egg, which means a baby and a placenta do not develop the way they should after conception. A molar pregnancy will not be able to survive. It happens by chance and is rare.
Finding out you have a molar pregnancy
A molar pregnancy may not have any symptoms, ... |
Moles | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/moles/ | Moles are small, coloured spots on the skin. Most people have them and they're usually nothing to worry about unless they change size, shape or colour.
Check if your mole could be cancerous
Signs of harmless moles
Most harmless moles are round or oval-shaped, with a smooth edge.
Credit: SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https:/... |
Molluscum contagiosum | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/molluscum-contagiosum/ | Molluscum contagiosum is an infection that causes spots on the skin. It's usually harmless and rarely needs treatment.
Check if it's molluscum contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum is more common in children, but anyone can get it. Usually, the only symptom of molluscum contagiosum is spots.
The spots are about 2 to 5mm ... |
Morton's neuroma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mortons-neuroma/ | Morton's neuroma is where there's a thickening of tissue around a nerve in your foot that's been irritated or damaged. The symptoms can often be eased with treatments you can try yourself.
Check if you have Morton's neuroma
Morton's neuroma usually affects the nerves between your 3rd and 4th toes.
Credit: MARK MILLE... |
Motion sickness | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/motion-sickness/ | Motion sickness is feeling dizzy, or feeling or being sick when travelling by car, boat, plane or train. You can do things to prevent it or relieve the symptoms.
Check if you have motion sickness
Symptoms of motion sickness may include:dizzinessfeeling sick (nausea)being sickheadachefeeling cold and going palesweating... |
Motor neurone disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/motor-neurone-disease/ | Motor neurone disease (MND) is an uncommon condition that affects the brain and nerves. It causes weakness that gets worse over time. There's no cure for MND, but there are treatments to help reduce the impact it has on a person's daily life. Some people live with the condition for many years. MND can significantly sho... |
Mouth cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mouth-cancer/ | What is mouth cancer?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Mouth thrush, see Oral thrush (mouth thrush) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oral-thrush-mouth-thrush/ | Oral thrush is usually harmless. It's common in babies and also older people with dentures. It can be treated with antifungal mouth gel.
Check if it's oral thrush
Adults
When you have oral thrush, your mouth is red inside with white patches.
Credit: DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/me... |
Mouth ulcers | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mouth-ulcers/ | Mouth ulcers are common and should clear up on their own within a week or 2. But see a GP or dentist if you have a mouth ulcer that lasts longer than 3 weeks.
How you can treat mouth ulcers yourself
Mouth ulcers are rarely a sign of anything serious, but may be uncomfortable to live with. They need time to heal and th... |
Mpox | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mpox/ | Mpox in the UK
There have been a small number of cases of mpox in the UK since 2022. These have mainly been a type of mpox that may be milder (called Clade 2 mpox). Cases of the type of mpox that may be more serious (called Clade 1 mpox) are very rare in the UK. So far this type of mpox has mainly been found in countri... |
MRI scan | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mri-scan/ | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body. An MRI scanner is a large tube that contains powerful magnets. You lie inside the tube during the scan. An MRI scan can be used to examine almost any part of the body... |
MRSA | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mrsa/ | MRSA is a type of bacteria that usually lives harmlessly on the skin. But if it gets inside the body, it can cause a serious infection that needs immediate treatment with antibiotics.
Symptoms of MRSA
Most people with MRSA bacteria on their skin do not have any symptoms. But if you get an MRSA infection under your ski... |
Mucositis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mucositis/ | Mucositis is when your mouth or gut is sore and inflamed. It's a common side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although mucositis can be painful, it usually gets better a few weeks after finishing cancer treatment.
Symptoms of mucositis
Mucositis affects the mouth and gut (digestive system). Mucositis in your m... |
Multiple myeloma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-myeloma/ | Multiple myeloma, also known as myeloma, is a type of bone marrow cancer. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue at the centre of some bones that produces the body's blood cells. It's called multiple myeloma as the cancer often affects several areas of the body, such as the spine, skull, pelvis and ribs.
Symptoms of multipl... |
Multiple sclerosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-sclerosis/ | Symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)
There are lots of possible symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Everyone with the condition is affected differently. Some of the most common symptoms include:feeling extremely tired (fatigue)problems with your eyes or your vision, such as blurred vision or eye painnumbness or a tingl... |
Multiple system atrophy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-system-atrophy/ | Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare condition of the nervous system that causes gradual damage to nerve cells in the brain. This affects balance, movement and the autonomic nervous system, which controls several basic functions, such as breathing, digestion and bladder control.
Symptoms of multiple system atrophy ... |
Mumps | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mumps/ | Mumps is a contagious viral infection that used to be common in children before the introduction of the MMR vaccine.
Symptoms of mumps
Mumps is most recognisable by the painful swellings in the side of the face under the ears (the parotid glands), giving a person with mumps a distinctive "hamster face" appearance.
Cr... |
Muscular dystrophy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/muscular-dystrophy/ | The muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of inherited genetic conditions that gradually cause the muscles to weaken, leading to an increasing level of disability. MD is a progressive condition, which means it gets worse over time. It often begins by affecting a particular group of muscles, before affecting the muscles... |
Myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs/ | Myalgic encephalomyelitis, also called chronic fatigue syndrome or ME/CFS, is a long-term condition that can affect different parts of the body. The most common symptom is extreme tiredness. The cause of ME/CFS is unknown. ME/CFS can affect anyone, including children.
Symptoms of ME/CFS
The 4 main symptoms of ME/CFS a... |
Myasthenia gravis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/myasthenia-gravis/ | Myasthenia gravis is a rare long-term condition that causes muscle weakness. It most commonly affects the muscles that control the eyes and eyelids, facial expressions, chewing, swallowing and speaking. But it can affect most parts of the body. It can affect people of any age, typically starting in women under 40 and m... |
Myelodysplastic syndrome (myelodysplasia) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/myelodysplasia/ | Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a type of rare blood cancer where you don't have enough healthy blood cells. It's also known as myelodysplasia. There are many different types of MDS. Some types can stay mild for years and others are more serious. MDS can affect people of any age, but is most common in adults over t... |
Myeloma, see Multiple myeloma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-myeloma/ | Multiple myeloma, also known as myeloma, is a type of bone marrow cancer. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue at the centre of some bones that produces the body's blood cells. It's called multiple myeloma as the cancer often affects several areas of the body, such as the spine, skull, pelvis and ribs.
Symptoms of multipl... |
Myopia, see Short-sightedness (myopia) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/short-sightedness/ | Short-sightedness (myopia) is a very common eye condition where you cannot see objects far away clearly. It's usually corrected with glasses or contact lenses.
Signs of short-sightedness
Short-sightedness usually starts in children from age 6 to 13. It can also happen in adults. Signs you or your child may be short-si... |
Myositis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/myositis/ | Myositis is the name for a group of rare conditions that cause weak muscles. It slowly gets worse over time, but treatment with medicines and exercise can help.
Check if it's myositis
The main symptom of myositis is muscle weakness, which can start very gradually and cause you to trip or fall over a lot. You may also ... |
Ménière's disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/menieres-disease/ | Ménière's disease is a rare inner ear condition that can affect your balance and hearing. It cannot be cured, but treatment can help the symptoms.
Check if you have Ménière's disease
Ménière's disease symptoms come and go. When you get symptoms, they start suddenly and can last anywhere between a few minutes and 24 ho... |
Nail fungal infection, see Fungal nail infection | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/fungal-nail-infection/ | Check if you have a fungal nail infection
Fungal nail infections usually affect your toenails, but you can sometimes get them on your fingernails, too.
Fungal nail infections usually start at the edge of the nail.
Credit: john shepherd / Alamy Stock Photo https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-toenail-fungus-57903251.html... |
Nail patella syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nail-patella-syndrome/ | Nail patella syndrome is a rare genetic condition that can cause problems with the nails, bones and kidneys.
Symptoms of nail patella syndromeAlmost everyone with nail patella syndrome has abnormal nails, and many people also have problems with their knee caps (patellae), elbows and pelvis. Some of the problems will b... |
Nail problems | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nail-problems/ | Nail problems are not usually caused by anything serious. Common nail problems include brittle, loose nails that may change colour or shape.
Your nails may change over time
It's normal for nails to:become thicker or break more easily (brittle) as you get olderbecome harder, softer or more brittle during pregnancy (the... |
Nappy rash | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/baby/caring-for-a-newborn/nappy-rash/ | Nappy rash is common in babies and can usually be treated at home.
Check if your baby has nappy rash
Symptoms of nappy rash can include:red or raw patches on your baby’s bottom or the whole nappy areaskin that looks sore and feels hot to touchscaly and dry skinan itchy or painful bottomyour baby seeming uncomfortable ... |
Narcolepsy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/ | Narcolepsy is a rare long-term brain condition that can prevent a person from choosing when to wake or sleep. The brain is unable to regulate sleeping and waking patterns normally, which can result in:excessive daytime sleepiness – feeling very drowsy throughout the day and finding it difficult to concentrate and stay ... |
Nasal and sinus cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nasal-and-sinus-cancer/ | Nasal and sinus cancer is a rare cancer that affects the nasal cavity (the space behind your nose) and the sinuses (small air-filled cavities inside your nose, cheekbones and forehead). Nasal and sinus cancer is different from cancer of the area where the nose and throat connect. This is called nasopharyngeal cancer.
... |
Nasal polyps | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nasal-polyps/ | Nasal polyps are painless soft growths inside your nose. They're not usually serious, but they can keep growing and block your nose if not treated.
Check if you have nasal polyps
Symptoms of nasal polyps include:a blocked nosea runny nosea feeling that mucus is slowly dripping down the back of your throat (postnasal d... |
Nasopharyngeal cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nasopharyngeal-cancer/ | Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects the part of the throat connecting the back of the nose to the back of the mouth (the pharynx). In the UK, about 260 people are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer each year. Nasopharyngeal cancer shouldn't be confused with other types of cancer that also affe... |
Nausea, see Feeling sick (nausea) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/feeling-sick-nausea/ | Feeling sick (nausea) is common and usually goes away on its own. There are some things you can try that might help.
Things that may help you stop feeling sick
Do
get plenty of fresh air
distract yourself – for example, listen to music or watch a film
take regular sips of a cold drink
drink ginger or peppermint t... |
Neck pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neck-pain-and-stiff-neck/ | Most neck pain only lasts a few weeks. There are things you can do yourself to ease it, but see a GP if it does not go away.
How you can ease neck pain yourself
Do
take paracetamol or ibuprofen – or use ibuprofen gel on your neck
use a low, firm pillow
put heat or cold packs on your neck
try neck flexibility exer... |
Necrotising fasciitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/necrotising-fasciitis/ | Necrotising fasciitis, also known as the "flesh-eating disease", is a rare and life-threatening infection that can happen if a wound gets infected. It needs to be treated in hospital straight away.
Check if you have necrotising fasciitis
Symptoms of necrotising fasciitis can develop quickly within hours or over a few ... |
Neonatal herpes (herpes in a baby) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neonatal-herpes/ | Neonatal herpes is a herpes infection in a young baby. The younger the baby, the more vulnerable they are to the harmful effects of infection. Herpes can be very serious for a young baby, whose immune system will not have fully developed to fight off the virus. Neonatal herpes, which is rare in the UK, is caused by the... |
Nephrotic syndrome in children | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nephrotic-syndrome/ | Nephrotic syndrome is a condition that causes the kidneys to leak large amounts of protein into the urine. This can lead to a range of problems, including swelling of body tissues and a greater chance of catching infections. Although nephrotic syndrome can affect people of any age, it's usually first diagnosed in child... |
Neuroendocrine tumours | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neuroendocrine-tumours/ | A neuroendocrine tumour is a rare tumour that can develop in many different organs of the body. It affects the cells that release hormones into the bloodstream (neuroendocrine cells).
Symptoms of neuroendocrine tumoursThe symptoms of a neuroendocrine tumour depend on where in the body it is and what hormones it produc... |
Neuroendocrine tumours and carcinoid syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/ | Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare tumours of the neuroendocrine system, the system in the body that produces hormones. They can be cancerous or non-cancerous. The tumour usually grows in the bowels or appendix, but it can also be found in the stomach, pancreas, lung, breast, kidney, ovaries or testicles. It tends ... |
Neurofibromatosis type 1 | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neurofibromatosis-type-1/ | Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic condition that causes tumours to grow along your nerves. The tumours are usually non-cancerous (benign) but may cause a range of symptoms. Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is much less common than NF1. It's covered separately as it has different symptoms and causes.
Symptoms o... |
Neurofibromatosis type 2 | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neurofibromatosis-type-2/ | Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a genetic condition that causes tumours to grow along your nerves. The tumours are usually non-cancerous (benign) but may cause a range of symptoms. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is covered separately because it has different symptoms and causes. It's also much more common than NF2.
... |
Neuromyelitis optica | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neuromyelitis-optica/ | Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare autoimmune condition that affects the nerves in your eyes and your spinal cord. There's no cure, but treatments can help manage the symptoms. It's also called neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) or Devic's disease.
Symptoms of neuromyelitis optica (NMO)
Symptoms of neuro... |
Newborn jaundice | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/ | Jaundice in newborn babies is common and usually harmless. It causes yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. The medical term for jaundice in babies is neonatal jaundice.
Yellowing of the skin can be more difficult to see in brown or black skin. It might be easier to see on the palms of the hands or the soles... |
Newborn respiratory distress syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/neonatal-respiratory-distress-syndrome/ | Newborn respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) happens when a baby's lungs are not fully developed and cannot provide enough oxygen, causing breathing difficulties. It usually affects premature babies. It's also known as infant respiratory distress syndrome, hyaline membrane disease or surfactant deficiency lung disease.... |
NHS screening | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nhs-screening/ | Screening is a way of finding out if people have a higher chance of having a health problem, so that early treatment can be offered or information given to help them make informed decisions. This page gives an overview of screening, with links to the different types of screening offered by the NHS in England.
What is ... |
Night sweats | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/night-sweats/ | Most people sweat during the night. If you regularly wake up with soaking wet sheets you should get it checked by a GP.
What night sweats are
It's normal to sweat during the night if the room or your bedding is making you too hot. Night sweats are when you sweat so much that your night clothes and bedding are soaking ... |
Night terrors and nightmares | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/night-terrors/ | Many children have nightmares and night terrors, but most grow out of them. Some adults also can also have them.
Check it's a night terror or nightmare
Night terrors and nightmares are different and happen at different stages of sleep. During a night terror you may talk and move about but are asleep. It's rare to reme... |
Nipple discharge | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nipple-discharge/ | Nipple discharge may not be anything serious, but it's important to get it checked.
Who gets nipple discharge
Nipple discharge is more common if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding. But it can affect anyone. Liquid may leak from your nipples on its own or when they’re squeezed. It can be lots of different colours, includ... |
Noise sensitivity (hyperacusis) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperacusis/ | Hyperacusis is when everyday sounds seem much louder to you than they should. Treatment can help. See a GP if you think you have hyperacusis.
Check if you have hyperacusis
You may have hyperacusis if some everyday sounds seem much louder than they should. It can sometimes be painful. You may be affected by sounds like... |
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease/ | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the term for a range of conditions caused by a build-up of fat in the liver. It's usually seen in people who are overweight or obese. Early-stage NAFLD does not usually cause any harm, but it can lead to serious liver damage, including cirrhosis, if it gets worse. Having hig... |
Non-allergic rhinitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-allergic-rhinitis/ | Non-allergic rhinitis happens when the inside of your nose becomes irritated, causing a blocked or runny nose. It can be treated with medicines from a pharmacist or GP.
Check if it's non-allergic rhinitis
The most common symptoms of non-allergic rhinitis are:a blocked or runny nosesneezingan itchy nosea reduced sense ... |
Non-gonococcal urethritis, see Urethritis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/urethritis/ | Urethritis is when the tube that carries pee from the bladder out of the body (urethra) becomes swollen and sore. It's often caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI). It's important to get it treated to avoid it spreading to other people. Gonococcal urethritis is when the infection is caused by gonorrhoea. Non-... |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/ | Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic system, a network of vessels and glands spread throughout your body. The lymphatic system is part of your immune system. Clear fluid called lymph flows through the lymphatic vessels and contains infection-fighting white blood cells known as lymphoc... |
Non-melanoma skin cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/non-melanoma-skin-cancer/ | What is non-melanoma skin cancer?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Noonan syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/noonan-syndrome/ | Noonan syndrome is a genetic condition that can cause a wide range of distinctive features and health problems. The condition is present from before birth, although milder cases may not be diagnosed until a child gets older. The most common features of Noonan syndrome are:unusual facial features, such as a broad forehe... |
Norovirus (vomiting bug) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/norovirus/ | Norovirus, also called the "winter vomiting bug", is a stomach bug that causes vomiting and diarrhoea. It can be very unpleasant, but usually goes away in about 2 days.
Check if you have norovirusThe main symptoms of norovirus are:feeling sick (nausea)diarrhoeabeing sick (vomiting)You may also have:a high temperaturea... |
Nose cancer, see Nasal and sinus cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nasal-and-sinus-cancer/ | Nasal and sinus cancer is a rare cancer that affects the nasal cavity (the space behind your nose) and the sinuses (small air-filled cavities inside your nose, cheekbones and forehead). Nasal and sinus cancer is different from cancer of the area where the nose and throat connect. This is called nasopharyngeal cancer.
... |
Nosebleed | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nosebleed/ | Nosebleeds are not usually a sign of anything serious. They're common, particularly in children, and most can be easily treated at home.
Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:
a child under 2 years old has had a nosebleedyou have regular nosebleedsyou have symptoms of anaemia – such as a faster heartbeat (palpitations), sho... |
NSAIDs | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nsaids/ | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medicines that are widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down a high temperature. They're often used to relieve symptoms of:headachespainful periodssprains and strainscolds and flucoronavirus (COVID-19)conditions such as arthritis that can cause l... |
Obesity | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/ | The term obese describes a person who has excess body fat. In the UK it's estimated that around 1 in every 4 adults and around 1 in every 5 children aged 10 to 11 are living with obesity.
How to tell if you're living with obesity
The most widely used method to check if you're a healthy weight is body mass index (BMI).... |
Obstructive sleep apnoea, see Sleep apnoea | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleep-apnoea/ | Sleep apnoea is when your breathing stops and starts while you sleep. The most common type is called obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Sleep apnoea needs to be treated because it can lead to more serious problems.
Check if you have sleep apnoea
Symptoms of sleep apnoea mainly happen while you sleep. They include:breathi... |
Occupational therapy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/occupational-therapy/ | Occupational therapy aims to improve your ability to do everyday tasks if you're having difficulties.
How to get occupational therapyYou can get occupational therapy free through the NHS or social services, depending on your situation. You can:speak to a GP about a referralfind your local council on GOV. UK to ask if ... |
Oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oesophageal-atresia/ | Oesophageal atresia is a rare birth defect that affects a baby's oesophagus (the tube through which food passes from the mouth to the stomach). The upper part of the oesophagus doesn't connect with the lower oesophagus and stomach. It usually ends in a pouch, which means food can't reach the stomach. It often happens a... |
Oesophageal cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oesophageal-cancer/ | What is oesophageal cancer?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Oral thrush (mouth thrush) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oral-thrush-mouth-thrush/ | Oral thrush is usually harmless. It's common in babies and also older people with dentures. It can be treated with antifungal mouth gel.
Check if it's oral thrush
Adults
When you have oral thrush, your mouth is red inside with white patches.
Credit: DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/me... |
Orf | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/orf/ | Orf is a skin infection you can get from infected sheep or goats. It most often affects the fingers, hands, forearms or face. It usually clears up without treatment in about 6 weeks.
How you get orf
Orf is a virus that mainly affects young lambs and goats. You can get it if you have a sore, cut or scratch that touches... |
Orthodontics | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/orthodontics/ | Orthodontic treatment (usually with braces) is most often used to improve the appearance and alignment of crooked, protruding or crowded teeth, and to correct problems with the bite of the teeth.
Why orthodontics is used
The benefits of orthodontics can include:correction of dental crowding and straightening of your t... |
Osteoarthritis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteoarthritis/ | Osteoarthritis is a condition that causes joints to become painful and stiff. It's the most common type of arthritis in the UK.
Symptoms of osteoarthritisThe main symptoms of osteoarthritis are joint pain and stiffness, and problems moving the joint. Some people also have symptoms such as:swellingtendernessgrating or ... |
Osteomalacia, see Rickets and osteomalacia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rickets-and-osteomalacia/ | Rickets is a condition that affects bone development in children. It causes bone pain, poor growth and soft, weak bones that can lead to bone deformities. Adults can experience a similar condition, which is known as osteomalacia or soft bones. Read more about the signs and symptoms of rickets and osteomalacia.
What ca... |
Osteomyelitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteomyelitis/ | Osteomyelitis is a painful bone infection. It usually goes away if treated early with antibiotics. It can cause serious long-term problems if it's not treated.
Who's at risk of getting osteomyelitis
Anyone can develop osteomyelitis, but you're more at risk of getting it if you have:had osteomyelitis beforediabetes, es... |
Osteopathy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteopathy/ | Osteopathy is a way of detecting, treating and preventing health problems by moving, stretching and massaging a person's muscles and joints. Osteopathy is based on the principle that the wellbeing of an individual depends on their bones, muscles, ligaments and connective tissue functioning smoothly together. Osteopaths... |
Osteophyte (bone spur) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteophyte/ | Osteophytes (bone spurs) are bony lumps that grow on the bones in the spine or around joints. They form when a joint or bone has been damaged by arthritis, but do not always cause problems.
Symptoms of an osteophyte
Osteophytes often do not cause any problems. You may only find out you have one when you have an X-ray ... |
Osteoporosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/osteoporosis/ | Osteoporosis is a health condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It develops slowly over several years and is often only diagnosed when a fall or sudden impact causes a bone to break (fracture). The most common injuries in people with osteoporosis are:broken wristbroken hip (hip frac... |
Otosclerosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/otosclerosis/ | Otosclerosis is a problem with the bones inside the ear which causes gradual hearing loss. Hearing aids or surgery will usually improve your hearing and total hearing loss is rare.
Check if you have otosclerosis
Symptoms of otosclerosis include:gradual hearing loss in 1 or both ears, often over several yearshearing ri... |
Ovarian cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ovarian-cancer/ | Credit: Multimedia Team - nhs.uk
Ovarian cancer affects the ovaries. It mostly affects women over the age of 50. It can affect anyone who has ovaries. The ovaries are 2 small organs that store the eggs needed to make babies. Sometimes ovarian cancer runs in families. The symptoms of ovarian cancer, such as bloating, a... |
Ovarian cyst | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ovarian-cyst/ | An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops on an ovary. They're very common and do not usually cause any symptoms. Most ovarian cysts occur naturally and go away in a few months without needing any treatment.
The ovariesThe ovaries are 2 almond-shaped organs that are part of the female reproductive system. Th... |
Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism/ | An overactive thyroid, also known as hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis, is where the thyroid gland produces too much of the thyroid hormones. The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland in the neck, just in front of the windpipe (trachea). It produces hormones that affect things such as your heart rate and body tempe... |
Ovulation pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ovulation-pain/ | It's common to have ovulation pain about 14 days before your period. It usually lasts a short time and is nothing to worry about.
Check if it's ovulation pain
Some women get ovulation pain. It can affect anyone who ovulates, which is when an egg is released as part of your menstrual cycle. Ovulation pain often:feels l... |
Oxygen therapy, see Home oxygen therapy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/home-oxygen-treatment/ | Home oxygen therapy involves breathing in air that contains more oxygen than normal through a mask or tube connected to a device in your home. Only use home oxygen therapy if your GP or specialist has prescribed it for you. Buying oxygen online and using it without a prescription can be dangerous. It could cause damage... |
Pacemaker implantation | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pacemaker-implantation/ | If you need to have a pacemaker fitted, a small electrical device called a pacemaker will be surgically implanted in your chest. The pacemaker sends electrical pulses to your heart to keep it beating regularly and not too slowly. Having a pacemaker can significantly improve your quality of life if you have problems wit... |
Paget's disease of bone | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pagets-disease-bone/ | Paget's disease of bone disrupts the normal cycle of bone renewal, causing bones to become weakened and possibly deformed. It's a fairly common condition in the UK, particularly in older people. It's rare in people under 50 years of age. There are treatments that can help keep it under control for many years, but it ca... |
Paget's disease of the nipple | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pagets-disease-nipple/ | Paget's disease of the nipple, also known as Paget's disease of the breast, is a rare condition associated with breast cancer. It causes eczema-like changes to the skin of the nipple and the area of darker skin surrounding the nipple (areola). It's usually a sign of breast cancer in the tissue behind the nipple. About ... |
Pain in testicles, see Testicle pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/testicle-pain/ | There are lots of possible causes of pain in the testicles (balls). It can sometimes be serious, so get medical help straight away if the pain is sudden, severe or does not go away.
Immediate action required: Go to A&E immediately or call 999 if you have:
sudden, severe pain in a testicletesticle pain along with feel... |
Pain in the back of the hand | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hand-pain/pain-in-the-back-of-the-hand/ | There are many causes of pain in the back of your hand. You can often ease the pain yourself. But see a GP if the pain does not improve.
How you can ease pain in the back of your hand yourself
If you see a GP about pain in the back of your hand, they'll usually suggest you try these things:
Do
rest your hand when yo... |
Pain in the ball of the foot | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/ | Pain in the ball of your foot is known as metatarsalgia. You can usually ease the pain yourself. But see a GP if it does not improve.
How you can ease pain in the ball of your foot yourself
If you see a GP about pain in the ball of your foot, they may suggest you try these things:
Do
rest and raise your foot when yo... |
Pain in the bottom of the foot | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/ | Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve.
How you can ease pain in the bottom of the foot
If you see a GP about pain in the bottom of your foot, they may suggest trying these things:
Do
rest and raise your foot when you can
put an ice... |
Pain in the palm of the hand | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hand-pain/pain-in-the-palm-of-the-hand/ | There are many causes of pain in the palm of your hand. You can often ease the pain yourself. But see a GP if the pain does not improve.
How you can ease palm pain yourself
If you see a GP about pain in your palm, they'll usually suggest you try these things:
Do
rest your hand when you can
put an ice pack (or a bag... |
Pain in the top of the foot | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-top-of-the-foot/ | Pain in the top of your foot will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve.
How you can ease pain in the top of your foot
If you see a GP about pain in the top of your foot, they may suggest you try these things:
Do
rest and raise your foot when you can
put an ice pack (or bag of frozen peas... |
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