instruction stringlengths 15 21.8k |
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> this paper stated that $\ce{CO2}$ could be formed as well, how?
Usually when we consider permanganate oxidations we think of
- oxidation of alkyl benzenes to benzoic acid
- cleavage and oxidation of a double bond to an acid, through the aldehyde, if there is one hydrogen on the double bond
- cleavage and... |
In objects made of plastic (and other polymers), how many molecules would one generally expect to find?
Intuitively, it seems like, say, a plastic shopping bag or PET bottle couldn't be a single molecule, but on the other hand, that's one of the strengths of polymers.
So the question is, I suppose, do items made ... |
How many molecules are there typically in items made of plastics? |
I am a mechanical engineer, and just like everyone else I had classes on the cristal structure of metals, phase diagrams, and the various heat treatments.
However, even after diving back into that recently and researching online, I can't make sense of how everything fits together. I know the high level, the low leve... |
What chemical characteristics give steels their properties? |
I'm recently looking this website:
http://www.chemteam.info/Equilibrium/Minimum-pH-required-for-precip.html
>$K_{sp}$ of $Cr(OH)_{3}$ is $6.70 \cdot 10^{¯31}$
>Problem 1: What is the minimum pH at which $Cr(OH)_{3}$ will precipitate?
>$$Cr(OH)_{3}\rightleftharpoons Cr^{3+}+3OH^{-}$$
>$$K_{sp}=[Cr^{3+}][OH^{... |
Is coefficient also affecting in given ion data in Ksp? |
I am a mechanical engineer, and just like everyone else I had classes on the crystal structure of metals, phase diagrams, and the various heat treatments.
However, even after diving back into that recently and researching online, I can't make sense of how everything fits together. I know the high level, the low leve... |
What chemical characteristics give types of steel their properties? |
I'm recently looking this website:
http://www.chemteam.info/Equilibrium/Minimum-pH-required-for-precip.html
>$K_{sp}$ of $\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}}$ is $6.70 \cdot 10^{¯31}$
>Problem 1: What is the minimum pH at which $\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}}$ will precipitate?
>$$\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}\rightleftharpoons Cr^{3+}+3OH^{-}}$$
>$$K_{sp}... |
I'm recently looking this website:
http://www.chemteam.info/Equilibrium/Minimum-pH-required-for-precip.html
>$K_{sp}$ of $\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}}$ is $6.70 \cdot 10^{¯31}$
>Problem 1: What is the minimum pH at which $\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}}$ will precipitate?
>$$\ce{Cr(OH)_{3}\rightleftharpoons Cr^{3+}\:+\:3OH^{-}}$$
>$$... |
In objects made of plastic (and other polymers), how many molecules would one generally expect to find?
Intuitively, it seems like, say, a plastic shopping bag or PET bottle couldn't be a single molecule, but on the other hand, that's one of the strengths of polymers.
So the question is, I suppose, do items made ... |
Is solubility coefficient affect if ion data were given in Ksp? |
In objects made of plastic (and other polymers), how many molecules would one generally expect to find?
Intuitively, it seems like, say, a plastic shopping bag or PET bottle couldn't be a single molecule, but on the other hand, that's one of the strengths of polymers.
So the question is, I suppose, do items made ... |
I'm trying to figure out a possible way to eat through concrete without damage pex tubing inside (its a radiant heated slab). Is there any way using some type of acid (hydrofluoric, muriatic ) to eat a 4" wide and 4" deep channel through the slab that could be tapped out with a blunt chisel? Pex tubing is resistant to ... |
Is it possible to create a 4"x4" channel through concrete using acid? |
I'm trying to figure out a way to eat through concrete without damage pex tubing inside (its a radiant heated slab). Is there any way using some type of acid (hydrofluoric, muriatic ) to eat a 4" wide and 4" deep channel through the slab that could be tapped out with a blunt chisel? Pex tubing is resistant to most acid... |
The use of "bi" for 'two" denotes that there are *two different* anions (e.g. $\ce{Na+, H+}$ in the examples), but it is confusing, because it could imply that there are two of a *single* anion, so its use is deprecated. Similarly, in English, [biweekly][1] can mean either *twice a week* or *every two weeks*.
The u... |
So, the site basically says that writing the concentration as $3s$ is not necessary.
Let the concentration of $Cr^{3+}$ be $t$ then the concentration of $OH^-$ will be $3t$.
What it is basically doing is considering $3t$ equal to some variable $s$, and solving the question. There is nothing wrong in this, is it?
Now... |
Just as NaCl would look like this: http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/43140/IMG00003.GIF?revision=1
What would a diagram of CuSO4 look like?
Thanks,
Martin |
What would a diagram of the metal lattice structure of CuSO4 look like? |
Just as $\ce{NaCl}$ would look like this:
![http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/@api/deki/files/43140/IMG00003.GIF?revision=1][1]
What would a diagram of $\ce{CuSO4}$ look like?
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/cXp8z.gif |
So, the site basically says that writing the concentration as $3s$ is not necessary.
Let the concentration of $Cr^{3+}$ be $t$ then the concentration of $OH^-$ will be $3t$.
What it is basically doing is considering $3t$ equal to some variable $s$, and solving the question. There is nothing wrong in this, is it?
Now... |
Let the concentration of $Cr^{3+}$ be $t$ then the concentration of $OH^-$ will be $3t$.
So, the site says that writing the concentration as $3t$ is not necessary.
What it is basically doing is considering $3t$ equal to some variable $s$, and solving the question. There is nothing wrong in this, is it?
Now, for exam... |
Let the concentration of $\ce{Cr^{3+}}$ be $t$ then the concentration of $\ce{OH^-}$ will be $3t$.
So, the site says that writing the concentration as $3t$ is not necessary.
What it is basically doing is considering $3t$ equal to some variable $s$, and solving the question. There is nothing wrong in this, is it?
... |
Is solubility coefficient affected if ion data is given in Ksp? |
From the WebElements.com page on [copper sulphate][1], the metal lattice structure looks like:
![enter image description here][2]
The yellow pyramids are cooper and the other structures are sulphates.
An alternate view comes from the Wikipedia page of [copper (II) sulphate][3]:
![enter image description her... |
From the WebElements.com page on [copper sulphate][1], the metal lattice structure looks like:
![enter image description here][2]
The yellow pyramids are cooper and the other structures are sulphates.
An alternate view comes from the Wikipedia page of [copper (II) sulphate][3]:
![enter image description her... |
>Given $K_{sp}\:CaF_{2}=3.2\cdot10^{-11}$, $K_{a}\:HF=10^{-5}$, and $K_{w}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate pH of saturated $CaF_{2}$.
Here is my approach,
>$$CaF_{2}=Ca^{2+}+2F^{-}$$
>$$K_{sp}=[Ca^{2+}]+[F^{-}]^{2}$$
>$$K_{sp}=s\cdot(2s)^{2}$$
>$$K_{sp}=4s^{3}$$
>$$3.2\cdot10^{-11}=4s^{3}$$
>$$2\cdot10^{-4}=s$$
... |
>Given $K_{sp}\:CaF_{2}=3.2\cdot10^{-11}$, $K_{a}\:HF=10^{-5}$, and $K_{w}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate pH of saturated $CaF_{2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$CaF_{2}=Ca^{2+}+2F^{-}$$
$$K_{sp}=[Ca^{2+}]+[F^{-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=s\cdot(2s)^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=4s^{3}$$
$$3.2\cdot10^{-11}=4s^{3}$$
$$2\cdot10^{-4}=s$$
Since ... |
>Given $K_{sp}\:CaF_{2}=3.2\cdot10^{-11}$, $K_{a}\:HF=10^{-5}$, and $K_{w}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate pH of saturated $CaF_{2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$CaF_{2}=Ca^{2+}+2F^{-}$$
$$K_{sp}=[Ca^{2+}][F^{-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=s\cdot(2s)^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=4s^{3}$$
$$3.2\cdot10^{-11}=4s^{3}$$
$$2\cdot10^{-4}=s$$
Since t... |
>Given $K_{sp}\:\ce{CaF_{2}}=3.2\cdot10^{-11}$, $K_{a}\:\ce{HF}=10^{-5}$, and $K_{w}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate pH of saturated $\ce{CaF_{2}}$.
Here is my approach,
$$\ce{CaF_{2}=Ca^{2+}+2F^{-}}$$
$$K_{sp}=[\ce{Ca^{2+}}][\ce{F^{-}}]^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=s\cdot(2s)^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=4s^{3}$$
$$3.2\cdot10^{-11}=4s^{3}$$
... |
>Given $K_{sp}\:CaF_{2}=3.2\cdot10^{-11}$, $K_{a}\:HF=10^{-5}$, and $K_{w}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate pH of saturated $CaF_{2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$CaF_{2}=Ca^{2+}+2F^{-}$$
$$K_{sp}=[Ca^{2+}][F^{-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=s\cdot(2s)^{2}$$
$$K_{sp}=4s^{3}$$
$$3.2\cdot10^{-11}=4s^{3}$$
$$2\cdot10^{-4}=s$$
Since t... |
>Given that $K_{\mathrm{sp}}\:\ce{CaF2}=3.2\times 10^{-11}$, $K_{\mathrm{a}}\:\ce{HF}=10^{-5}$, and $K_{\mathrm{w}}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate $\mathrm{pH}$ of saturated $\ce{CaF2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$\ce{CaF2 \rightarrow Ca^{2+} +2F-}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}}=[\ce{Ca^{2+}}] \cdot [\ce{F-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}... |
Recently I've been looking at [this website][1], which says:
>The $K_{\mathrm{sp}}$ of $\ce{Cr(OH)3}$ is $6.70 \times 10^{-31}$
>Problem 1: What is the minimum $\mathrm{pH}$ at which $\ce{Cr(OH)3}$ will precipitate?
>$$\ce{Cr(OH)3\rightleftharpoons {Cr^{3+}}+3OH-}$$
>$$K_{\mathrm{\mathrm{sp}}}=[\ce{Cr^{3+}}][... |
Let the concentration of $\ce{Cr^{3+}}$ be $t$ then the concentration of $\ce{OH-}$ will be $3t$.
So, the site says that writing the concentration as $3t$ is not necessary.
What it is basically doing is considering $3t$ equal to some variable $s$, and solving the question. There is nothing wrong in this, is it?
... |
>Given that $K_{\mathrm{sp}}\:\ce{CaF2}=3.2\times 10^{-11}$, $K_{\mathrm{a}}\:\ce{HF}=10^{-5}$, and $K_{\mathrm{w}}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate $\mathrm{pH}$ of saturated $\ce{CaF2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$\ce{CaF2 \rightarrow Ca^{2+} +2F-}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}}=[\ce{Ca^{2+}}] \cdot [\ce{F-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}... |
I have observed this effect by rubbing together two pieces of quartz in a dark room but am unable to explain this effect. Would it be something to do with the way quartz is bonded as a covalent network? |
What causes triboluminescence and what process occurs to produce light? |
In a given compound that contains three elements (e.g. a metal, a non-metal, and hydrogen), how can it be determined whether hydrogen is connected to the metal or the non-metal so that its oxidation number can be assigned accordingly? |
I'm trying to figure out a way to eat through concrete without damage pex tubing inside (its a radiant heated slab). Is there any way using some type of acid (hydrofluoric, muriatic ) to eat a 4 inch wide, 4 inch deep, and 71 foot long channel through the slab that could be tapped out with a blunt chisel? Pex tubing is... |
Is it possible to create a 4 inch by 4 inch channel through concrete using acid? |
![enter image description here][1]
How can one rationalize avogadro's hypothesis using the equation of kinetic molecular theory.
Can you rationalize this? I can't.
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/cSKrf.jpg
(Avogadro's hypothesis molecular number equal volume) |
1. Draw both molecules. Don't draw them flat. Alternatively, model them using [Avogadro](http://avogadro.cc).
2. Exchange the positions of $\ce{Br}$ and $\ce{OH}$ in the first case. Is the new molecule identical to the original one?
3. Do the same for the dibromo-substituted compound. How is the result here... |
To identify potential chiral centers look for carbons with four **different** groups attached.
Draw your molecule with wedges and dashes and then draw a mirror image of the molecule. If the molecule in the mirror image is the same molecule, it is achiral. If they are different molecules, then it is chiral.
Here y... |
Can bone mineral be obtained in pure, crystalline form outside a living organism? Had this been done ever? |
Can bone mineral be obtained in pure, crystalline form? |
is it possible for an element to have a calculated relative atomic mass that is higher than the relative isotopic mass of its most massive component isotope?
the equation Ar=∑[isotopic mass*relative abundance(%)]*100 |
What does Pb(NO₃)₂ + KI form? |
What does
> $\ce{Pb(NO3)2 + KI}$
form? |
Why does the current increase over time in an electrolytic cell with a copper nitrate solution electrolyte. The current increased about 2 amps, also,the temperature increased during the experiment to around 55 degrees Celsius.
I'm not sure whether the formation of hydrogen and oxygen gas at the electrodes would de... |
I read my book and learned everything about enantiomers, racemization, $\mathrm{S_N1}$ and $\mathrm{S_N2}$ reactions, but when I'm trying to identify molecules as chiral or achiral, I get confused.
Consider the two molecules below:
1.CH3-CH-OH
|
Br
2.CH3-CH-Br
|
... |
>Given that $K_{\mathrm{sp}}\:\ce{CaF2}=3.2\times 10^{-11}$, $K_{\mathrm{a}}\:\ce{HF}=10^{-5}$, and $K_{\mathrm{w}}=10^{-14}$.
>Calculate $\mathrm{pH}$ of saturated $\ce{CaF2}$.
Here is my approach,
$$\ce{CaF2 -> Ca^2+ +2F-}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}}=[\ce{Ca^2+}] \cdot [\ce{F-}]^{2}$$
$$K_{\mathrm{sp}}=s\cdot(2s)^... |
Why does the current increase over time in an electrolytic cell with a $\ce{CuNO3}$ electrolyte. The current increased about $2~\mathrm{A}$, and the temperature increased during the experiment to around $55\mathrm{^oC}$.
I'm not sure whether the formation of hydrogen and oxygen gas at the electrodes would decrease ... |
How do we decide the sequence of substituents in a organic compound if one of the substituents is complex. Should the complex chain must always be written first while writing the IUPAC name or are there any other rules governing it?
The following IUPAC names got me confused:
7-(1,2-dimethylpentyl)-5-ethyltridecane
A... |
What is the world's finest powder substance that has the smallest granules but remains solid? |
What is the world's finest powder substance? |
I wonder whether there is a material which consists from individual molecules (that is, fluid), which has its [angle of repose][1] thus exhibiting propertes of a powder?
[1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_repose |
Is there an otherwise liquid material that has angle of repose? |
How can decreasing in temperature indicate an endothermic reaction? |
[IMG]http://i61.tinypic.com/20zp4l4.png[/IMG]
The picture above is a drug called Setraline. Suggest a likely mode of degradation of sertraline hydrochloride alone in aqueous solution, giving likely structures of the degradation products.
From my knowledge, degradation in aqueous solution can only mean hydrolysis ... |
![structure of sertraline][1]
> The picture above is a drug called Setraline. Suggest a likely mode of degradation of sertraline hydrochloride alone in aqueous solution, giving likely structures of the degradation products.
From my knowledge, degradation in aqueous solution can only mean hydrolysis and sertraline... |
> What in the quantum nature of electrons gives rise to the octet rule?
Ultimately, the *[octet rule][1]* is justified by the fact that in many cases an $n s^2 n p^6$ electron configuration is the most energetically favorable one. Recall that electrons are arranged in different *[electron shells][2]* around the nucl... |
![Structure of Sertraline][1]
>The picture above is a drug called Setraline. Suggest a likely mode of degradation of sertraline hydrochloride alone in aqueous solution, giving likely structures of the degradation products.
From my knowledge, degradation in aqueous solution can only mean hydrolysis and sertraline ... |
I came across a unit called $\text{Cmmol dm}^{\text{-3}}$ in buffer solutions. What does this unit mean ? |
What is the meaning of Cmmol in chemistry? |
While the Beers law equation is **A=abc**, 'a' is a koeficient which according to my book is *a characteristic property of the analyte in a specific solvent, and its values will depend on the wavelength of absorbation radiation*. This is quite unclear to me.
If we have for example a= 1.5, what does that exactly tell... |
What is your "system" in this case?
The reaction that you are performing--your reactants and your products--constitute your system. Since the reaction is endothermic, heat has to enter your system for the reaction to proceed.
But where does this heat come from? It is obviously drawn from the surroundings, and th... |
I came across a unit called $\text{Cmmol dm}^{-3}$ in buffer solutions. What does this unit mean? |
Whilst doing tests on two unknown solutions, I used Fehling's test. The solutions could be a mixture of compounds or just one compound dissolved in water/ another solvent - I don't know. Upon adding Fehling's solution both solutions (which were originally colourless) turned a blue colour. I then heated the solutions ve... |
Fehling's Test meaning for partial formation of a precipitate? |
There exist any method to precipitate a solution of those metals (iron, nickel and silicon) in any chemical form? Main objective is to obtain a pure metalic powder.
|
Is there a method to precipitate a solution of iron, nickel and silicon in any chemical form? My objective is to obtain a pure metallic powder.
|
While the Beer's law equation is $A=a \cdot b \cdot c$, according to my book, $a$ is a coefficient which is:
>a characteristic property of the analyte in a specific solvent, and its values will depend on the wavelength of absorption radiation.
This is quite unclear to me.
If we have for example $a= 1.5$, what d... |
Recently in my chemistry classes the teacher spoke about SPDF configuration and then said that we'll be taught about it in higher classes.
But I'm sorta curious to know that what is SPDF configuration and is there something like - obtaining electronic configuration in SPDF format? -- and to be honest, can't wait to... |
what is SPDF configuration? |
If we have A + T ----> P
where A-analyte, T-titrant, P-product,
Photometric titration happens only in one condition, that one of the following substances will absorb the electromagnetic radiation. When stable complexes formed such as Bi-EDTA, they will not absorb the radiation ( or in small amounts ), but when unstab... |
> What in the quantum nature of electrons gives rise to the octet rule?
Ultimately, the *[octet rule][1]* is justified by the fact that in many cases an $n s^2 n p^6$ electron configuration is the most energetically favorable one. Recall that electrons are arranged in different *[electron shells][2]* around the nucl... |
> What in the quantum nature of electrons gives rise to the octet rule?
Ultimately, the *[octet rule][1]* is justified by the fact that in many cases an $n s^2 n p^6$ electron configuration is the most energetically favorable one. Recall that electrons are arranged in different *[electron shells][2]* around the nucl... |
Should the concentration of liquid water be included in the Kc expression for the following reaction:
$$\ce{2 NO2_{(g)} + 7 H2_{(g)} -> 2 NH3_{(g)} + 4 H2O_{(l)}}$$
if water is liquid and all the other compounds are gasses? |
I'm teaching myself Organic Chemistry and am struggling with differentiating between dimethyl and ethyl substituent groups.
Example: tert-butyl (1,1-dimethylethyl)
This chapter follows the one on resonance structures, and I realize one of the rules for making a valid resonance structure for straight-chain alkane... |
By SPDF configuration, he meant orbital configuration. Now the basic of this concept is from very fundamental quantum chemistry formulation but i don't think you need to know that now (It is usually taught in 4th year of UG or 1st year of graduate study in Engineering discipline but i am not sure about pure science dis... |
I'm teaching myself Organic Chemistry and am struggling with differentiating between dimethyl and ethyl substituent groups.
Example: tert-butyl (1,1-dimethylethyl)
This chapter follows the one on bond-line structures, and I realize one of the rules for making a valid bond-line structure for straight-chain alkane... |
I'm teaching myself organic chemistry and am struggling with differentiating between dimethyl and ethyl substituent groups.
Example: tert-butyl (1,1-dimethylethyl)
This chapter follows the one on bond-line structures, and I realize one of the rules for making a valid bond-line structure for straight-chain alkane... |
A sample of solid magnesium reacts with excess $\ce{HCl}$ solution to form hydrogen gas.
The sample of gas measures $1.628\ \mathrm{l}$ at $22.0\ \mathrm{^\circ C}$ and $0.930\ \mathrm{atm}$ pressure.
a) how many moles of gas were collected?
b) how many grams of magnesium did you start out with?
-----------... |
I have identified carvacrol and thymol via thin-layer-chromatography and via gas chromatography
On a normal silica plate the thymol has a higher Rf-value then carvacrol. Explanation would be the position of the hydroxyl-group and the difference size of the nearby methyl or isopropyl group. So i think thymol should be ... |
A sample of solid magnesium reacts with excess $\ce{HCl}$ solution to form hydrogen gas.
The sample of gas measures $1.628\ \mathrm{L}$ at $22.0\ \mathrm{^\circ C}$ and $0.930\ \mathrm{atm}$ of pressure.
a) how many moles of gas were collected?
b) how many grams of magnesium did you start out with?
--------... |
Is the correct name for the following structure 3-tert-Butylhexane or 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane?
I think it is 3-tert-Butylhexane but the textbook says it is 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane. Can someone please explain?
Thanks!
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZeKX.png |
If we have $\ce{A + T -> P}$
where $\ce{A}$ is the analyte, $\ce{T}$ is the titrant, and $\ce{P}$ is the product,
photometric titration happens only in one condition, that one of the following substances will absorb the electromagnetic radiation.
When stable complexes formed such as $\ce{Bi}$-EDTA, they will no... |
I have identified carvacrol and thymol via thin-layer-chromatography and via gas chromatography
On a normal silica plate the thymol has a higher Rf-value then carvacrol. The explanation for this would be the position of the hydroxyl-group and the difference size of the nearby methyl or isopropyl group. I think thymol ... |
Is the correct name for the following structure 3-tert-butylhexane or 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane?
I think it is 3-tert-butylhexane, but the textbook says it is 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane. Can someone please explain?
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/OZeKX.png |
The benzyloxycarbonyl group (CBZ) is widely used to protect amines, especially in
aminoacid chemistry. A procedure to synthesise the CBZ derivative of glycine from glycine and benzyl chloroformate is given in the description below.
Glycine ($0.1~\mathrm{mol}$) was dissolved in aqueous sodium hydroxide ($50~\mathr... |
My textbook tells me the following structure is 2,2,5-trimethylpentane. I try to change the parent group in different ways so as to maximize the number of substituent groups, but I think the maximum number of substituent groups for any arrangement is 3 - so my answer is 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. Am I wrong in thinking th... |
Clusters of just a few atoms, such as [gold atomic clusters][1], and [quantum dot nanoparticles][2] could be considered very fine powders, though they usually are suspended in another substance to keep the clusters from agglomerating. Particles this tiny have different properties from the bulk material, both because of... |
I have heard of an article where divalent lead PbL2 (L is ligand) reacts with something (again not sure, as I dont know the article) and what it reacts with gains a ligand.
In less confusing words...
PbL2 + MXn (X is another ligand, not necessarily halogen) ==> PbL(n-1)X + MX(n-1)L
Or something similar. That i... |
Why does Pb(II) promote ligand substitution? |
I have heard of an article where divalent lead $\ce{PbL2}$ ($\ce{L}$ is ligand) reacts with something (again not sure, as I dont know the article) and what it reacts with gains a ligand.
In less confusing words:
$\ce{PbL2 + MXn}$ ($\ce{X}$ is another ligand, not necessarily halogen) ==> $\ce{PbL(n-1)X + MX(n-1)... |
In most substituents, the mesomeric effect is considered stronger and more dominating than the inductive effect.
A notable exception are the halogens.
The reason behind this has been well-explained [here][1].
I further had questions about the following:
- Since its about the EN, would all othe... |
Should the concentration of liquid water be included in the $K_\mathrm{c}$ expression for the reaction
$$\ce{2 NO2_{(g)} + 7 H2_{(g)} -> 2 NH3_{(g)} + 4 H2O_{(l)}}$$
if water is liquid and all the other compounds are gasses? |
I know some sulfur groups such as sulfones and disulfides and sulfonic acids. I also know of 1 phosphorus group. That is the phosphate ion.
I don't know of any boron groups.
What is the phosphorus equivalent of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids?
Phosphals, Phosphones, and Phosphonic acids I suppose?
An... |
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