instruction stringlengths 15 21.8k |
|---|
$\ce{SO3}$ molecule has three double bonded oxygen to the central sulfur atom.
Sulfur has $\ce{sp^2}$ hybridization and it has 6 outer electrons which make the bonds with the oxygen.
So shouldn't the bond order be 2?
<img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/I0QVj.png" width="150">
[1]: https://i.stack.i... |
Imagine I'm performing a primary amine to primary amine (i.e. PA to PA) crosslinking reaction at $37~^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ in phosphate-buffered saline (pH $\approx 7.4$) with glutaraldehyde drawn from a $4 \%$ stock solution stored at $\approx 4~{^\circ}\mathrm{C}$. I've heard that glutaraldehyde, like other aldehydes,... |
Suppose that 28 g of each of the following substances is initially at 29.0 ∘C. What is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.25 kJ of heat?
Part B) Silver
My Work: 2250=0.240*28*t-29
Solve for t and I get 340 degrees Celsius. Is this correct? Thanks |
What is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.25 kJ of heat? |
Suppose that 28 g of each of the following substances is initially at 29.0 ∘C. What is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.25 kJ of heat?
Part B) Silver
My Work: 2250=0.240*28*t-29
Solve for t and I get 340 degrees Celsius. Is this correct? Thanks
Okay the correct answer is 370 but I h... |
> Suppose that 28 g of each of the following substances is initially at
> 29.0 ∘C. What is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.25 kJ of heat?
>
> Part B) Silver
My Work: $2250 = 0.240 \times 28 \times t - 29$
Solve for $t$ and I get 340 C. Is this correct? Thanks
Okay the correct answ... |
How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH specifically?
my work
At the pH 6.00 glycine act as a buffer solution, because at pH 6.00 the condition is acidic and we know glycine is amino acid, so it is gets equilibrium with zw... |
How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH specifically? |
> How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use
> chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH
> specifically?
my work
At the pH 6.00 glycine act as a buffer solution, because at pH 6.00 the condition is acidic and we know glycine is amino acid, so it is gets equilibrium ... |
How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? |
> How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use
> chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH
> specifically?
my work
At the pH 6.00 glycine act as a buffer solution, because at pH 6.00 the condition is acidic and we know glycine is amino acid, so it is gets equilibrium ... |
> How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use
> chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH
> specifically?
|
> How can glycine act as a buffer at pH 6.00 and why? Please use
> chemical equations to show how it can act as a buffer at this pH
> specifically?
my work
At the pH 6.00 glycine act as a buffer solution, because at pH 6.00 the condition is acidic and we know glycine is amino acid, so it is gets equilibrium ... |
Recently I have read both the concepts from my book(Physical Chemistry by Atkins, Paula). It was literally a reading; though I could understand the language & superposition of orbitals & inversion symmetry & so, I never could really comprehend how these two theories differ(or agree) with each other. I have googled it b... |
What is actually the difference between VB theory & MO theory? |
Recently I have read about both of the concepts in my book (Physical Chemistry by Atkins, Paula). It was literally a reading; though I could understand the language and superposition of orbitals, inversion symmetry, and so on, I never could really comprehend how these two theories differ (or agree) with each other. I h... |
What is actually the difference between valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory? |
What is the product of 1,1-diphenylethanol + Montmorillonite K10 Clay undergoing microwave radiation? What is the mechanism for it?
my work is that
1,1-diphenylethanol + Montmorillonite K10 Clay catalyst used in a microwave-assisted synthesis of pyrazoles from enaminones.
Used for:
Support for catal... |
What is the product of 1,1-diphenylethanol + Montmorillonite K10 Clay undergoing microwave radiation? What is the mechanism for it? |
one element have many oxidation numbers then which one should we consider in given question?
e.g. In compound HCN as c{carbon} have +4,+2,-4 oxidation nos and N{nitrogen}have -5,+4,+3,+2,+1,-3,-2 oxidation numbers |
An element have many oxidation numbers, then which one should we consider in the given question?
e.g. In the compound $\ce{HCN}$ as $\ce{C}$ {carbon} has +4,+2,-4 oxidation numbers and $\ce{N}$ {nitrogen} has -5,+4,+3,+2,+1,-3,-2 oxidation numbers |
> What is the product of 1,1-diphenylethanol + Montmorillonite K10 Clay undergoing microwave radiation? What is the mechanism for it?
**My effort**:
1,1-diphenylethanol + Montmorillonite K10 Clay catalyst used in a microwave-assisted synthesis of pyrazoles from enaminones.
Used for:
- Support for catalysts... |
> Suppose that 28 g of each of the following substances is initially at 29.0 °C. What is the final temperature of each substance upon absorbing 2.25 kJ of heat?
>
> Part B) Silver
My work: $2250 = 0.240 \times 28 \times t - 29$
Solve for $t$ and I get 340 °C. Is this correct?
Okay the correct answer is 370 ... |
I have been messing around with making Indigo dye while waiting for bacteria to grow. I have been following the [Baeyer-Drewson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baeyer%E2%80%93Drewson_indigo_synthesis) method. Basically, you mix nitrobenzaldehyde with an acetone water mix and slowly add NaOH. The solution turns black and... |
Byproducts in Indigo Synthesis? |
Could someone explain to me why some alkenes containing at least one couple of different substituents at the two double-bonded C atoms (that is, some of those with at least two different substituents for both C atoms) are considered achiral? For instance, for 2-chloropropene or 1-bromo-2-chloro-2-fluoro-1-iodoethene, w... |
Why is 2-chloropropene achiral? |
In titanium anodising, solid titanium reacts with the oxygen formed at it's surface (to form titanium (IV) oxide or $\ce{TiO2}$) through the electrolysis of water. Experimentation and research has shown that the thickness of the coating is dependent on voltage and not current. The potential difference obviously plays s... |
Thickness of oxide coating through anodising - voltage dependence? |
The Raschig process (according to the [german wikipedia][1]) is divided in the following steps:
1. $\ce{2NaOH + Cl2 -> NaOCl + NaCl + H2O}$
2. $\ce{NaOCl + H2O -> HOCl + NaOH}$
3. $\ce{HClO + NH3 -> NH2Cl + H2O}$
4. $\ce{NH2Cl + NH3 -> N2H4 + HCl}$
5. $\ce{N2H4 + 2NH2Cl -> N2 + 2NH4Cl}$
But what happens ... |
I have been using deodorant to propel potatoes (potato gun :D), but I want to switch over to pure butane. However, in order to do this safely I have to know how much butane is typically in deodorant (percentage). If you do know, please also include a source.
Secondly, for a potato gun, is it wiser to use butane or p... |
What is the typical percentage of butane deodorant? |
I have been using deodorant to propel potatoes (potato gun :D), but I want to switch over to pure butane. However, in order to do this safely I have to know how much butane is typically in deodorant (percentage). If you do know, please also include a source.
Secondly, for a potato gun, is it wiser to use butane or p... |
> how much butane is typically in deodorant (percentage)
[Here's a link][1] to an MSDS for a deoderant; it claims the butane range is 30-60% (they don't state if this is by volume or weight). It might be cheaper to just go to a hardware store and buy a small butane cylinder, like the ones used for outdoor cooking, ... |
What is the typical percentage of butane in deodorant? |
Electrons can be anywhere in the universe and where they are is random.
But they are still discrete particles and thus it takes energy for electrons to move.
Is it possible for an electron to jump from 1 water molecule to another causing $\ce{H2O^+}$ and $\ce{H2O^-}$ to form? |
A methylene ($\ce{=CH_2}$) group ist sterically less hindered than a methyl ($\ce{CH_3}$) group.
I'm thinking if the carbonyl ($\ce{C=O}$) group is sterically more or less hindered than a ethylene
($\ce{=CH_2}$) group.
1. Bond length: ($\ce{C=O}$) is shorter than ($\ce{C=C}$)[ \[1\]][1]
2. Me//H (0.9 kcal/m... |
Is there A value equivalent for carbonyl and methylene group? |
These two terms has been frequently used in Physical Chemistry by Atkins. He describes Raoult's Law using **ideal solution** while Henry's law using **ideal-dilute solution.**
I thought, at first they were same but Atkins in order to contrast the two laws presented graphs in which one curve was for ideal solution &... |
Could someone explain to me why some alkenes containing at least one couple of different substituents at the two double-bonded C atoms (that is, some of those with at least two different substituents for both C atoms) are considered achiral? For instance, for 2-chloropropene or 1-bromo-2-chloro-2-fluoro-1-iodoethene, w... |
A methylene ($\ce{=CH_2}$) group ist sterically less hindered than a methyl ($\ce{CH_3}$) group.
I'm thinking if the carbonyl ($\ce{C=O}$) group is sterically more or less hindered than a ethylene
($\ce{=CH_2}$) group.
1. Bond length: ($\ce{C=O}$) is shorter than ($\ce{C=C}$)[ \[1\]][1]
2. A value: Me//H is... |
A methylene ($\ce{=CH_2}$) group ist sterically less hindered than a methyl ($\ce{CH_3}$) group.
I'm thinking if the carbonyl ($\ce{C=O}$) group is sterically more or less hindered than a ethylene
($\ce{=CH_2}$) group.
1. Bond length: ($\ce{C=O}$) is shorter than ($\ce{C=C}$)[ \[1\]][1]
2. Diaxial i.a.: Me/... |
> Comparing the axial conformations of vinylcyclohexane and
> cyclohexancarbaldehyde: Which molecule is more strained?
As you point out, "**A-values**" can be used to get some idea of the relative "size" of a substituent in the cyclohexane system. More specifically, the A-value reflects both the steric size of the... |
> Comparing the axial conformations of vinylcyclohexane and
> cyclohexancarbaldehyde: Which molecule is more strained?
As you point out, "**A-values**" can be used to get some idea of the relative "size" of a substituent in the cyclohexane system. More specifically, the A-value reflects both the steric size of the... |
A methylene ($\ce{=CH_2}$) group ist sterically less hindered than a methyl ($\ce{CH_3}$) group.
I'm wondering if the carbonyl ($\ce{C=O}$) group is sterically more or less larger than a methylene ($\ce{=CH_2}$) group.
1. Bond length: ($\ce{C=O}$) is shorter than ($\ce{C=C}$)[ \[1\]][1]
2. Diaxial i.a.: Me//H ... |
Is there an A value for carbaldehyde and a vinyl group? |
> Comparing the axial conformations of vinylcyclohexane and
> cyclohexancarbaldehyde: Which molecule is more strained?
As you point out, "**A-values**" can be used to get some idea of the relative "size" of a substituent in the cyclohexane system. More specifically, the A-value reflects both the steric size of the... |
> Comparing the axial conformations of vinylcyclohexane and
> cyclohexancarbaldehyde: Which molecule is more strained?
As you point out, "**A-values**" can be used to get some idea of the relative "size" of a substituent in the cyclohexane system. More specifically, the A-value reflects both the steric size of the... |
Is there an A value for the carbaldehyde and vinyl groups? |
>Electrons can be anywhere in the universe
Kind of: There is a non-zero probability that an electron can be at any distance from some point of origin (for instance, the nucleus of an atom), but there is some distance which corresponds to the place where we're most likely to find it (the place where the probability ... |
The mechanism of the olefine metathesis using Grubbs' catalyst consists of [2+2] cycloadditions and reverse cycloadditions. The Wittig reaction, too. How are they in accordance with the Woodward-Hoffmann rules? I think that there are two (4q+2)s components and that's not an odd number. |
I am getting confused about this the more problems I do on it. My understanding was that only strong acids and strong bases will react to produce water and a salt. Something like this:<br><br>
Molecular Eq: $\ce{HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) \rightarrow H2O(l) + NaCl}$<br>
Net Ionic Eq: $\ce{H+(aq) +OH- (aq) \rightarrow H_2O(l)... |
How to solve this contradiction? |
> Comparing the axial conformations of vinylcyclohexane and
> cyclohexancarbaldehyde: Which molecule is more strained?
As you point out, "**A-values**" can be used to get some idea of the relative "size" of a substituent in the cyclohexane system. More specifically, the A-value reflects both the steric size of the... |
Could someone explain to me why some alkenes containing at least one couple of different substituents at the two double-bonded C atoms (that is, some of those with at least two different substituents for both C atoms) are considered achiral? For instance, for 2-chloropropene or 1-bromo-2-chloro-2-fluoro-1-iodoethene, w... |
I am into hobby machining using an old beaten CNC mill in my garage. Being novice my confidence is rather low and I have genuine fear of breaking something (even ancient CNC machines like mine cost a fortune), so when I got to the part of the users manual that listed recommended lubricants for the different parts of th... |
What are the fundamental parameter by which lubricants are graded? |
Graphene is cool. Can I make some? What do I need? Is it at all feasible to make it in quantity? |
Can I make my own graphene at home in my kitchen? |
Pb 2+(aq), Cl-(aq), Ag+(aq), (SO4)2-(aq). You number the four bottles, 1,2,3,4and while numbering them, you notice that bottles 1 and 3 have the word "cation" on their lids while bottles 2 and 4 have "anion" on their lids. You decide to test them by mixing them together in pairs, but you have only three empty beakers... |
Whenever I look up the Lewis structure for $\ce{NH2^-}$, it shows 8 electrons. Now I understand the octet rule, but I still don't see how an electron can just appear from nowhere. There are 5 valence electrons with Nitrogen, and 2 more, one from each hydrogen. I know that formal charge is calculated by subtracting the ... |
The type of silicone sealant that you would buy at your local hardware store. Would it break down when exposed to 90% mixture of isopropyl alcohol? |
Here's an example. Say you take a 25˚C solution of NaCl, and lower the temperature suddenly. The equilibrium constant (solubility product) is immediately decreased, so ions start to join together into ionic compounds that float freely in the solvent before settling to the bottom. (In some cases they may be visible as p... |
Can ionic compounds can ever "dissolve" as molecular compounds do? |
Here's an example. Say you take a 25˚C solution of NaCl, and lower the temperature suddenly. The equilibrium constant (solubility product) is immediately decreased, so ions start to join together into ionic compounds that float freely in the solvent before settling to the bottom. (In some cases they may be visible as p... |
$\ce{Pb^{2+} (aq), Cl- (aq), Ag+ (aq), (SO4)^{2-} (aq)}$. You number the four bottles, 1,2,3,4and while numbering them, you notice that bottles 1 and 3 have the word "cation" on their lids while bottles 2 and 4 have "anion" on their lids. You decide to test them by mixing them together in pairs, but you have only thr... |
At 10 C, a small piece of Zn reacts with 2.0 M HCl to produce 15.0 mL of H2 gas in 25 s. What is the rate of the reaction? |
> At 10 C, a small piece of Zn reacts with 2.0 M $\ce{HCl}$ to produce 15.0 mL of $\ce{H2}$ gas in 25 s. What is the rate of the reaction?
Please show how to calculate this answer. Thank you! |
How is persian blue rock salt made and what does it contain that makes it look blue ? |
How is persian blue rock salt made? |
For example, if I didn't know the compound tin chloride, and I was asked to write out its formula, how would I know how to? Because it seems unreasonable to know the formula of every compound in existence. Many thanks for the help! |
How to know the formula of different compounds? |
>Can we refer to these free-floating ionic compounds as "dissolved" solute?
No. Dissolved implies that the ions are solvated. If the ions are in a solid ionic lattice then they are not solvated by the solvent and so would not be described as part of the dissolved solute.
>Does "XY(aq)" (the aqueous solution of an... |
I Googled the phrase "How to make graphene" and got [this result](http://www.graphene-battery.net/graphene.htm), which contains a section on how to make it at home.
The answer is, unequivocally, yes you can. Below are excerpts from the linked page.
>(1) The first DIY method is to use a lead pencil to deposit a th... |
I have a chemical formula for the mineral Actinolite which is Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 ... the formula contains a "," which I understand means that the Magnesium and the Iron can have different combinations; up to 5.
The question is, if Magnesium is the dominant, is it possible for the amount of Magnesium to be less t... |
If a chemical formula for a mineral that contains a comma, are there limits on the amounts of each element? |
The famous VSEPR theory was proposed by first Sidgwick & Powell. It was modified then by Nyholm & Gillespie; everyone knows that.
I was reading Inorganic Chemistry by J.D.Lee where he discusses very briefly the theory of Sidgwick & Powell; I couldn't somewhat conceive the language. So, I googled it but to my misfor... |
What are actually the differences between Sidgwick & Powell theory and Nyholm & Gillespie Theory? |
Actinolite is a mineral that is part of a so-called [solid-solution series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solution), which means that you get different but related minerals depending on the amounts of (in this case) iron and magnesium that are present.
According to [Wikipedia's article on actinolite](https://e... |
The famous VSEPR theory was proposed by first Sidgwick & Powell. It was modified then by Nyholm & Gillespie.
I was reading Inorganic Chemistry by J.D.Lee where he discusses very briefly the theory of Sidgwick & Powell; I couldn't somewhat conceive the language. So, I googled it but to my misfortune I could nowhere g... |
I have a chemical formula for the mineral actinolite which is: $$\rm{Ca}_2({Mg,Fe})_5{Si}_8{O}_{22}({OH})_2$$
The formula contains a "," which I understand means that the magnesium and the iron can have different combinations (up to 5 total).
The question is, if magnesium is the dominant atom, is it possible for ... |
Actinolite is a mineral that is part of a so-called [solid-solution series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solution), which means that you get different but related minerals depending on the amounts of (in this case) iron and magnesium that are present. The magnesium-rich end member is [tremolite](https://en.wikip... |
> At 10 C, a small piece of Zn reacts with 2.0 M $\ce{HCl}$ to produce 15.0 mL of $\ce{H2}$ gas in 25 s. What is the rate of the reaction?
Please show how to calculate this answer. Thank you!
I know that the 2.0M HCl concentration needs to be used and started the following calculation:
2.0M x 1/2 x 1/25sec x 0... |
I usually use Gaussian/GaussView and don't have to bother with other programs as I think that GaussView is capable of producing nice orbital/surface pictures like this one of one of uracil's Kohn-Sham-orbitals.![GaussView cube file visualization; uracil LUMO][1]
But when it comes that I have to use other programs th... |
> At $10~^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, a small piece of $\ce{Zn}$ reacts with $\mathrm{2.0~M}$ $\ce{HCl}$ to produce 15.0 mL of $\ce{H2}$ gas in 25 s. What is the rate of the reaction?
Please show how to calculate this answer. Thank you!
**My effort**:
I know that the $\mathrm{2.0~M~} \ce{HCl}$ concentration needs to b... |
What actually happens in sulfur-gold bonding is not very well known. There have been many proposals and studies done, well-summarized [here][1]. There is some evidence, including [computational studies][2], that suggest that dissociation into two thiolates is energetically favourable. Bridging across protruding bits of... |
I usually use Gaussian/GaussView and don't have to bother with other programs as I think that GaussView is capable of producing nice orbital/surface pictures like this one of one of uracil's Kohn-Sham-orbitals.![GaussView cube file visualization; uracil LUMO][1]
But when it comes that I have to use other programs th... |
If a chemical formula for a mineral contains a comma, are there limits on the amounts of each element? |
In VB theory, resonance plays a pivoting role; why isn't such concept needed in MO theory? Why is it told that "__MO theory provides a global, delocalized perspective on chemical bonding__"? |
Why does in MO theory, resonance isn't required? |
I know that energy is abosrbed due to chromophores which enable electron transition which uses up energy. But I am a bit unsure about what happens after the absorption and where this absorbed energy went. I am not very sure if the energy is dissipated since it would contradict with the law that energy can't be destroye... |
How do flavonoids absorb UV radiation? |
I'm currently looking at Principles of Chemistry by Atkins, and I have a few questions involving entropy. These questions probably arise from my poor understanding of reversible/irreversible processes.
1. Why are reversible processes called reversible? Is it necessarily true that reversible processes can be reverte... |
How to represent/ show an ionic bond visually?
For example in NaCl |
How to show/represent an ionic bond visually? |
I know that energy is absorbed due to chromophores which enable electron transition which uses up energy. But I am a bit unsure about what happens after the absorption and where this absorbed energy went.
I am not very sure if the energy is dissipated since it would contradict with the law that energy can't be dest... |
In valence bond theory, resonance plays a pivoting role; why isn't such concept needed in MO theory? Why is it told that "__MO theory provides a global, delocalized perspective on chemical bonding__"?
(This is a follow up to http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/q/33879/) |
Why is the resonance concept not required in molecular orbital theory? |
For example, this reaction: $$\ce{2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + H2O}$$
Suppose both concentrations are $1\ \mathrm{mol\ l^{-1}}$ (standard condition). There is $0.02\ \mathrm{mol}$ ($20\ \mathrm{cm^3}$) of $\ce{NaOH}$, and $0.01\ \mathrm{mol}$ ($10\ \mathrm{cm^3}$) of $\ce{H2SO4}$. So neither reactant is the limiting re... |
Is there any reaction between amines and AgNO3? |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.