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what is the difference between the federal budget deficit and the federal government debt | a federal budget deficit occurs when government spending outpaces revenue or income from taxes fees and investments deficits add to the national debt or federal government debt if government debt grows faster than gross domestic product gdp the debt to gdp ratio may balloon possibly indicating a destabilizing economy 3 | |
when was the last federal budget surplus | the last time the u s government had a federal budget surplus was in 2001 in every year since there has been a federal budget deficit 4 | |
what can the government do about a budget deficit | the government can work to cut back the budget deficit by using its fiscal policy toolbox to promote economic growth such as scaling back government spending and raising taxes | |
what causes a budget deficit to improve | budget deficits reflected as a percentage of gdp may decrease in times of economic prosperity as increased tax revenue lower unemployment rates and increased economic growth reduce the need for government funded programs such as unemployment insurance the bottom linebudget deficits are a negative balance between a gove... | |
what is a budget surplus | the term budget surplus refers to a situation that occurs when income exceeds expenditures the term is often used to describe a corporation or government s financial state unlike individuals who have savings instead of budget surpluses a surplus indicates that a government s finances are being effectively managed the o... | |
how a budget surplus impacts the economy | as noted above the term budget surplus is often used to define the financial situation of a company or government these entities often run in surpluses when income or revenue exceeds spending or when there are shifts in the economic climate or the way governments spend taxpayers money an increase in taxes can also resu... | |
is a budget surplus a good thing | a budget surplus is generally considered a good thing because it means that the government has money left over that can be reinvested or spent to pay off debts however it depends on how wisely the government is spending money if the government has a surplus because of high taxes or reduced public services that can resu... | |
what is a budget surplus vs a budget deficit | a budget surplus is when a body such as the u s government spends less money during an accounting period than it takes in through revenue a deficit is when spending is higher than revenue requiring the government to borrow money in order to finance its activities | |
what is the current u s budget deficit | the u s budget is running a deficit of over 421 billion as of january 2023 2 | |
has the u s ever had a budget surplus | yes during the clinton presidency the federal government was able to reduce spending and increase revenues turning a large deficit into a small surplus the last year where the government ran a budget surplus was in 2001 the bottom linebudget surpluses occur whenever an entity has more income than it spends this include... | |
what is a budget variance | a budget variance is a periodic measure used by governments corporations or individuals to quantify the difference between budgeted and actual figures for a particular accounting category a favorable budget variance refers to positive variances or gains an unfavorable budget variance describes negative variance indicat... | |
what are build america bonds | build america bonds babs were taxable municipal bonds that featured federal tax credits or subsidies for bondholders or state and local government bond issuers build america bonds babs were introduced in 2009 as part of president obama s american recovery and reinvestment act arra to create jobs and stimulate the econo... | |
what is a build operate transfer bot contract | a build operate transfer bot contract is a model used to finance large projects typically infrastructure projects developed through public private partnerships the bot scheme refers to the initial concession by a public entity such as a local government to a private firm to both build and operate the project in questio... | |
how build operate transfer bot contracts work | under a build operate transfer bot contract an entity usually a government grants a concession to a private company to finance build and operate a project the company operates the project for a period of time typically 20 or 30 years with the goal of recouping its investment then transfers control of the project back t... | |
what is the basic framework of a bot contract | a bot can be broken down into three distinct phases | |
what are the risks of bot contracts | one of the biggest risks is that the contract ends up losing money to be a success for all parties the project should provide a sufficient return on investment for the private entity while also benefiting the public entity financially and beating other available alternative options unfortunately this doesn t always hap... | |
what is the difference between bot and ppp | a public private partnership ppp is when a private entity takes over finances and operates large scale government projects such as public transportation networks parks and hospitals a bot contract is just one of a series of potential ppp agreements the bottom linebot contracts can make a lot of sense in theory they ena... | |
what is a bull | a bull is an investor who thinks the market a specific security or an industry is poised to rise investors who adopt a bull approach purchase securities under the assumption that they can sell them later at a higher price bulls are optimistic investors who are attempting to profit from the upward movement of stocks wit... | |
what is the bull call spread | the bull call spread is a type of options trading strategy that involves two call options the bull call strategy is executed by purchasing call options at a specific strike or exercise price while also selling the same number of calls of the same asset at a higher strike price it should be noted that both options shoul... | |
when volatility rises the price of both options tends to increase this means that the value of the long call option would increase but at the same time the value of the short call option would also increase given that this options trading strategy is long one option and short another option the effects of a change in v... | in the language of options this is often referred to as a near zero vega vega measures the sensitivity of an option s price to changes in volatility a near zero vega implies that the price of the bull call spread changes very little when volatility changes assuming other factors remain constant it should be noted that ... | |
which is better bull call spread or bull put spread | a bull put spread is a different bull spread where the trader sells one put option and buys another the short put has a higher strike than the long put whereas in the bull call spread the short call has a lower strike and the long call has a higher strike they are used for different bullish outlooks so neither is bette... | |
what are the disadvantages of the bull call spread | the bull call spread loses money if the underlying doesn t increase and gains are capped | |
when to exit a bull call spread | a trader can sell the spread to another trader for more than the net premium for a profit if options prices cooperate otherwise time decay can devalue a spread so some traders close their spreads about 30 days before expiration the bottom linea bull call spread is an options trading strategy used when a trader expects ... | |
what is a bull market | bull market is the term used to describe a financial market in which prices are rising or are expected to rise it is most often used to refer to the stock market but can be applied to anything that is traded such as bonds real estate currencies and commodities prices of securities rise and fall continuously during tra... | |
how to benefit from a bull market | investors who want to benefit from a bull market should buy early to take advantage of rising prices and sell them when they ve reached their peak of course it is hard to determine when the bottom and peak will take place but most losses that result from missing the bottom or top will be minimal and usually temporary a... | |
why is it called a bull market when prices go up | the actual origin of the term bull market is subject to debate the terms bear for down markets and bull for up markets are thought by some to derive from the way in which each animal attacks its opponents a bull thrusts its horns up into the air while a bear swipes down others point to shakespeare s plays which make re... | |
what makes stock prices rise in a bull market | bull markets often exist alongside a strong and growing economy stock prices are affected by future expectations of profits and the ability of firms to generate cash flows a strong production economy high employment and rising gdp all suggest profits will grow and this is reflected in rising stock prices low interest r... | |
when the economy hits a rough patch for instance in the face of recession or a spike in unemployment it can become difficult to sustain rising stock prices recessions are often accompanied by a negative turn in investor and consumer sentiment and market psychology that s more concerned with fear or reducing risk than g... | the bottom linea bull market is a trend in a financial market characterized by rising prices and investor optimism it can occur in the stock market as well as the bond real estate currency and commodity markets bull markets tend to last for extended periods of time and are marked by increased demand for securities risi... | |
what is a bull put spread | a bull put spread is an options strategy that an investor uses when they expect a moderate rise in the price of the underlying asset the strategy employs two put options to form a range consisting of a high strike price and a low strike price the investor receives a net credit from the difference between the premiums o... | |
what is a bull spread | a bull spread is an optimistic options strategy designed to profit from a moderate rise in the price of a security or asset a variety of vertical spread a bull spread involves the simultaneous purchase and sale of either call options or put options with different strike prices but with the same underlying asset and exp... | |
how the bull call spread works | since a bull call spread involves writing a call option for a higher strike price than that of the current market in long calls the trade typically requires an initial cash outlay the investor simultaneously sells a call option aka a short call with the same expiration date in so doing he gets a premium which offsets t... | |
how the bull put spread works | a bull put spread is also called a credit put spread because the trade generates a net credit to the account when it is opened the option purchased costs less than the option sold since a bull put spread involves writing a put option that has a higher strike price than that of the long call options the trade typically ... | |
what is the difference between a bull spread and a bear spread | a bull spread is an options trading strategy that predicts a price increase in the underlying security the trader realizes a profit if the price closes at or above the anticipated price if the price of the security decreases the trader s losses should be limited if the spread is well executed | |
what is the most aggressive type of bull spread | in a bull call spread the options trader buys a call option for certain security and sells another call with a higher strike price the most aggressive bull spreads are those where both calls are initially out of the money because otm calls tend to be cheaper and riskier than in the money calls | |
is a bull call spread a good strategy | a well executed bull spread can provide reliable profits while reducing the trader s exposure to losses however a bull spread is not suitable for every market this strategy has the biggest advantages if the underlying is moderately trending upwards if the underlying is increasing in large sudden jumps a bull spread str... | |
what is a bull trap | a bull trap is a false signal referring to a declining trend in a stock index or other security that reverses after a convincing rally and breaks a prior support level the move traps traders or investors that acted on the buy signal and generates losses on resulting long positions a bull trap may also refer to a whipsa... | |
what is a bullet bond | a bullet bond is a debt investment whose entire principal value is paid in one lump sum on its maturity date rather than amortized over its lifetime bullet bonds cannot be redeemed early by their issuer which means they are non callable bullet bonds issued by stable governments typically pay a relatively low rate of in... | |
where | for example imagine a bond with a par value of 1 000 its yield is 5 its coupon rate is 3 and the bond pays the coupon twice per year over a period of five years given this information there are nine periods for which a 15 coupon payment is made and one period the last one for which a 15 coupon payment is made and the 1... | |
what is a bullet repayment | a bullet repayment is a lump sum payment made for the entirety of an outstanding loan amount usually at maturity it can also be a single payment of principal on a bond in terms of banking and real estate loans with bullet repayments are also referred to as balloon loans these types of loans are commonly used in mortgag... | |
how bullet repayments work | bullet repayments and balloon loans are not normally amortized over the duration of the loan the final balloon payment is often the only principal payment made but the balance might occasionally be amortized through other smaller incremental payments before the balloon payment comes due the final payment is nonetheless... | |
what is a bullish abandoned baby | the bullish abandoned baby is a type of candlestick pattern that is used by traders to signal a reversal of a downtrend it forms in a downtrend and is composed of three price bars the first is a large down candle followed by a doji candle that gaps below the first candle the next candle opens higher than the doji and m... | |
what is a bullish engulfing pattern | a bullish engulfing pattern is a white candlestick that closes higher than the previous day s opening after opening lower than the previous day s close it can be identified when a small black candlestick showing a bearish trend is followed the next day by a large white candlestick showing a bullish trend the body of wh... | |
what does a bullish engulfing pattern tell you | a bullish engulfing pattern is not to be interpreted as simply a white candlestick representing upward price movement following a black candlestick representing downward price movement for a bullish engulfing pattern to form the stock must open at a lower price on day 2 than it closed at on day 1 if the price did not g... | |
what is a bullish harami | a bullish harami is a basic candlestick chart pattern indicating that a bearish trend in an asset or market may be reversing understanding a bullish haramia bullish harami is a candlestick chart indicator suggesting that a bearish trend may be coming to end some investors may look at a bullish harami as a good sign tha... | |
what is a bundle of rights | a bundle of rights is a term for the set of legal privileges that is generally afforded to a real estate buyer with the transfer of the title the bundle includes the following the average homebuyer can expect the whole traditional bundle of rights once the deal is done real estate ownership carries with it a complex se... | |
does homeowner association hoa authority supersede my rights as property owner | this depends on the state where you live and the covenants convictions and restrictions cc rs that you signed and agreed to when you purchased the property the homeowner association hoa may have the right to impose certain penalties on you if you do not follow their rules which can effectively restrict your rights as a... | |
how does the bundle of rights work with multiple owners | if there are multiple owners on a property then the bundle of rights belongs to both equally which is both a protection and a hindrance depending on circumstances for example if a home is owned by a married couple and that couple gets divorced then one spouse would need permission from the other to sell the house the b... | |
a bungalow is a one story house cottage or cabin that is generally small in terms of square footage although it is not uncommon to see very large bungalows bungalows were originally designed to provide affordable modern housing for the working class | learn more about what a bungalow is the features of a bungalow and whether this home style may be right for you | |
what is a bungalow | bungalows are typically one story houses although they often also include an additional half story usually with a sloped roof there are various types of bungalows including raised bungalows that have basements partially above ground to let in additional sunlight some bungalows do add additional levels such as lofts and... | |
what is the difference between a bungalow and a house | a bungalow is a type of home that is typically one story and smaller than the average size home other types of homes may be larger with more than one story | |
where are bungalows most common in the u s | bungalow homes can be found throughout the u s they are often associated with california but they can be found in any state | |
why are bungalows more expensive | if bungalow homes in your areas seem more expensive than other homes it may be due to several factors the price of a home is determined by demand so the bungalow homes that are more expensive per square foot may be in a desirable neighborhood or have desirable features the bottom linea bungalow is a homestyle beloved b... | |
a bungalow is a one story house cottage or cabin that is generally small in terms of square footage although it is not uncommon to see very large bungalows bungalows were originally designed to provide affordable modern housing for the working class | learn more about what a bungalow is the features of a bungalow and whether this home style may be right for you | |
what is a bungalow | bungalows are typically one story houses although they often also include an additional half story usually with a sloped roof there are various types of bungalows including raised bungalows that have basements partially above ground to let in additional sunlight some bungalows do add additional levels such as lofts and... | |
what is the difference between a bungalow and a house | a bungalow is a type of home that is typically one story and smaller than the average size home other types of homes may be larger with more than one story | |
where are bungalows most common in the u s | bungalow homes can be found throughout the u s they are often associated with california but they can be found in any state | |
why are bungalows more expensive | if bungalow homes in your areas seem more expensive than other homes it may be due to several factors the price of a home is determined by demand so the bungalow homes that are more expensive per square foot may be in a desirable neighborhood or have desirable features the bottom linea bungalow is a homestyle beloved b... | |
what is a bureaucracy | the term bureaucracy refers to a complex organization that has multilayered systems and processes the systems and processes that are put in place effectively make decision making slow they are designed to maintain uniformity and control within the organization a bureaucracy describes the methods that are commonly estab... | |
how a bureaucracy works | the bureaucratic process lends itself to criticism and is synonymous with redundancy arbitrariness and inefficiency people often use terms like bureaucrat bureaucratic and bureaucracy in a negative context 2 for instance calling someone a bureaucrat implies they re a government official while the term bureaucratic impl... | |
what is a bureaucrat | the term bureaucrat refers to someone who is a member of a bureaucracy this can allude to someone who is a government official or someone in a position of power such as a chief executive officer or board member of a company or another organization 10 | |
what s good about a bureaucracy | bureaucracies can help organizations run smoothly and efficiently this allows large organizations to streamline processes and bring order to systems and procedures management becomes easier and processes become less chaotic bureaucracies tend to include a division of labor with clearly defined roles 1 they also ensure ... | |
what s bad about a bureaucracy | bureaucracies are often looked down upon because people view them as valuing procedures over efficiency many people feel that rules and paperwork can pile up under bureaucracies this is often referred to as the red tape people and companies need to overcome in order to achieve certain goals like establishing a business... | |
what are the most common characteristics of a bureaucracy | some of the most common characteristics of a bureaucracy include a hierarchy rules and regulations and specialization 1 the hierarchy establishes scales of power those with the most power are at the top while individuals who have the least fall at the bottom rules and regulations are typically formal and indicate how p... | |
what is the burn rate | the burn rate represents the speed at which an unprofitable company consumes its cash reserves it s the rate at which a startup company is spending its venture capital to finance overhead before generating positive cash flow from operations it s a measure of negative cash flow burn rate is most often a consideration fo... | |
how to calculate the burn rate | there are two types of burn rates net burn and gross burn a company s gross burn rate is simply the total amount of operating costs it incurs in expenses each month 1 it s expressed as a company s net burn rate is the total amount of money it loses each month this can t be greater than the gross burn rate but it can be... | |
what is a good burn rate | the general recommendation for a startup business is to have three to six months of expenses on hand a good burn rate would fall between 33 334 three months and 16 667 six months if the company has 100 000 in the bank 2 | |
how is the burn rate calculated | burn rates and be gross or net the gross burn rate is simply the total amount of money spent each month the net burn rate is the amount of money lost each month and takes into account any possible company revenue it s calculated using the following formula monthly revenue cost of goods sold gross burn rate net burn rat... | |
is burn rate the same as expenses | it s the same if you re calculating the gross burn rate you must also factor in whatever revenue the company may be generating if you want the net burn rate however the bottom linethe burn rate is an important metric for any company but it s particularly important for startups that aren t yet generating revenue it tell... | |
what is a business | the term business refers to an organization or enterprising entity engaged in commercial industrial or professional activities the purpose of a business is to organize some sort of economic production of goods or services businesses can be for profit entities or non profit organizations fulfilling a charitable mission ... | |
how do you start a business | there are several steps you need to hurdle to start a business this includes conducting market research developing a business plan seeking capital or other forms of funding choosing a location and business structure picking the right name submitting registration paperwork obtaining tax documents employer and taxpayer i... | |
how do you launch an online business | starting an online business involves some of the same steps as a traditional business with a few exceptions you still need to do your market research and develop a business plan before anything else once that s done choose a name and structure for your business then file any paperwork to register your organization rath... | |
how do you come up with a business name | your business name should fit the type of organization you plan to run and it should be catchy something that people will gravitate toward and remember not to mention associate with you as well as the products and services you plan to sell originality is key and most importantly it should be a name that isn t already i... | |
how do you write a business plan | business plans are essential to running your business and can help you secure the funding you need to start your operations you can choose between a traditional or lean plan a traditional business plan has a lot of details including a summary of the company how it plans to succeed market information management products... | |
how do you get a business loan | necessary funding for a business often comes via a loan a traditional lender or a government backed loan such as those offered through the small business administration are two options prospective lenders want to see business details especially for new start ups make sure you have your business plan ready including out... | |
what are business activities | business activities refer to all actions a business undertakes with the primary aim of generating profit this general term encompasses all the economic activities carried out by a company in its daily operations a company s cash flow statements categorize these activities into three main types operating investing and f... | |
how is the cash flow statement linked to business activities | the cash flow statement is linked to all three business activities operating investing and financing to comply with generally accepted accounting principles gaap financial statements must include a statement of cash flows 6 it provides a detailed reconciliation of net income on an accrual basis to actual cash flow the ... | |
what are operating business activities | cash flow from operating business activities usually the first section of the cash flow statement includes items from both the income statement and the current portion of the balance sheet the cash flow statement adjusts net income by adding back non cash items like depreciation and amortization it then accounts for ch... | |
what are investing business activities | investing business activities are capitalized over more than one year and usually appear as the second section of the cash flow statement in this section the purchase of long term assets is recorded as a use of cash likewise real estate sales are shown as a source of cash the line item capital expenditures is considere... | |
what are financing business activities | the cash flow statement s final section includes financing business activities these include initial public offerings ipos secondary offerings and debt financing the section also lists the amount of cash being paid out for dividends share repurchases and interest any business activity related to financing and fundraisi... | |
what is a business asset | a business asset is an item of value owned by a company business assets span many categories they can be physical tangible goods such as vehicles real estate computers office furniture and other fixtures or intangible items such as intellectual property | |
how business assets work | business assets are itemized and valued on the balance sheet which can be found in the company s annual report they are listed at historical cost rather than market value and appear on the balance sheet as items of ownership most business assets can be written off taken as an expense on the income statement either as o... | |
what is business banking | business banking is a company s financial dealings with an institution that provides business loans credit savings accounts and checking accounts specifically designed for companies rather than for individuals business banking occurs when a bank or division of a bank only deals with businesses a bank that deals mainly ... | |
what is a business continuity plan bcp | a business continuity plan bcp is a system of prevention and recovery from potential threats to a company the plan ensures that personnel and assets are protected and are able to function quickly in the event of a disaster understanding business continuity plans bcps bcp involves defining any and all risks that can aff... | |
how to create a business continuity plan | there are several steps many companies must follow to develop a solid bcp they include companies may also find it useful to come up with a checklist that includes key details such as emergency contact information a list of resources the continuity team may need where backup data and other required information are house... | |
why is business continuity plan bcp important | businesses are prone to a host of disasters that vary in degree from minor to catastrophic and business continuity plans bcps are an important part of any business bcp is typically meant to help a company continue operating in the event of threats and disruptions this could result in a loss of revenue and higher costs ... | |
what should a business continuity plan bcp include | business continuity plans involve identifying any and all risks that can affect the company s operations the plan should also determine how those risks will affect operations and implement safeguards and procedures to mitigate the risks there should also be testing procedures to ensure these safeguards and procedures w... | |
what is business continuity impact analysis | an important part of developing a bcp is a business continuity impact analysis which identifies the effects of disruption of business functions and processes it also uses the information to make decisions about recovery priorities and strategies fema provides an operational and financial impact worksheet to help run a ... | |
what is a business cycle | business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of a nation a cycle that consists of expansions occurring at about the same time in many economic activities followed by similarly general contractions this sequence of changes is recurrent but not periodic the business cycle is also cal... | |
what are the stages of the business cycle | in general the business cycle consists of four distinct phases expansion peak contraction and trough | |
what does a business cycle describe | a business cycle describes the fluctuations in an economy over a period of time generally the period from the start of one recession to the start of the next this would include periods when the economy grows | |
are business cycles predictable | generally business cycles are not predictable economies are complex machines that function in a variety of ways and are intertwined in as many ways the ability to predict how they will move is extremely difficult there can be signs of changes in an economy such as changes in inflation and production but to predict an a... | |
what is a business development company bdc | a business development company bdc is an organization that invests in small and medium sized companies as well as distressed companies a bdc helps these firms grow in the initial stages of their development with distressed businesses the bdc helps the companies regain sound financial footing similar to closed end inves... | |
how to invest in a bdc | a business development company is a publicly traded firm with stocks trading on public exchanges so you can purchase stocks through your broker some bdc stocks are included in exchange traded funds and mutual funds for example the vaneck bdc income etf is offered through many brokers and is available to retail investor... | |
how does a bdc make money | business development companies can make money in several different ways one of the most common is to purchase equity from the companies they provide funding for and sell it when it appreciates if a bdc buys convertible bonds from a company it has invested in it can receive yields from the bonds and later convert them t... | |
what are the benefits of a bdc | business development companies provide investors with higher yields and returns | |
how does a bdc make money | bdcs make money by lending capital to and purchasing equity or bonds from the companies in their portfolio | |
what is bdc lending | business development company lending is when a bdc lends capital to a company it has invested in the bottom linebusiness development companies are firms that exist to assist smaller or financially struggling businesses bdcs use fundraising techniques to raise capital for themselves from investors and then use that mone... | |
what is business economics | business economics is a field of applied economics that studies the financial organizational market related and environmental issues faced by corporations business economics assesses certain factors impacting corporations business organization management expansion and strategy using economic theory and quantitative met... | |
what is a business ecosystem | a business ecosystem is the network of organizations including suppliers distributors customers competitors government agencies and so on involved in the delivery of a specific product or service through both competition and cooperation the idea is that each entity in the ecosystem affects and is affected by the others... | |
what is business ethics | business ethics is the moral principles policies and values that govern the way companies and individuals engage in business activity it goes beyond legal requirements to establish a code of conduct that drives employee behavior at all levels and helps build trust between a business and its customers investopedia katie... |
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