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Tubeless tires and compatibility Can 25mm tubeless tires fit on a wheel that previously had 22mm tubeless tires? I have a set of wheels that previously had 22mm tires on it. There is no description of tire compatibility listed on the wheels. <Q> Generally road tubeless is road tubeless and going to the 25 should be fin...	Standards for road tubeless are still not completely settled, and manufacturer don't even agree on what makes for a safe setup . It's hard to imagine any rim manufacturer building a road rim these days that would be incompatible with it.
What are the hazards and risks if I keep using a worn rear tyre? I found similar questions: What are the risks of fenders/mudguards? What are the risks of untrued wheels? But I haven't found a structured analysis on the subject of tyres. Stack exchange technicalities: It is the rear tyres on two bikes in my fami...	Worst case from a worn tyre would be it splitting, and popping off the rim causing the wheel to lock up, and you to probably fall off, or at least damage the wheel.
MTB Weekend rider: step up to carbon worth it? Target: weekend rider, cross country, enjoying technical sections, approx. 3hrs rides. Would like to improve MTB skills and spend more time on the trails. Current setup: Grand Canyon 4.0 2018, 13,3 kg, Alluminium. Shimano Deore 2x10 crankset, 11-42 10s cassette. Situatio...	You can drop 2.2kg easily with upgrades to your current bike that would probably be less expensive than purchasing a new bike. Getting a really light hardtail does make a difference on the hills, but it's not a magic bullet. You have to take into account weight of you plus bike.
Signal a u-turn to road users I am living in the UK and in this situation (sorry for my bad drawing): The bike (the dot in front) wants to do a u-turn and needs to signal to the car (the dot behind). If the bike does not signal, the car will not slow down and my hit the bike. How can I signal a u-turn? I was thinkin...	First, don't attempt a u-turn at a junction where you may have vehicles approaching from multiple directions and vehicle drivers will be expecting you to make a left or right turn, not a u-turn.
Disc brake pad replacement, or replace whole caliper? We have a Boss Stealth 26" men's mountain bike with Zoom brand disc brakes. The disc brake pads are worn and need replacing, the problem is finding a workshop who can fit them as apparently it is a budget bike and hard to get the brake pads. Is it possible to fit...	If the brakes weren't working well for you then complete caliper replacement is feasible. If you want to replace the disk you will need the get the same type.
Has anyone had success mixing and matching cassette sprockets for custom ratios? I have a 9 speed rear cassette that I am looking to replace some or all of. I would love to have a 9 speed cassette with a 10 tooth or even 9 tooth top gear, but the combination doesn't seem to be available with existing cassettes, so I am...	To have the smallest sprocket with fewer than 11 teeth, you will have to use a freehub with SRAM XD, SRAM XDR or Shimano Microspline interfaces. There are manufacturers that offer individual sprockets and spacers for cassettes with custom steps. If you did this on a big wheel you'd be even more at risk for exceeding th...
Have old bar end shifters which don't seem to fit in the new handlebars I retrieved the Shimano bar end shifters from some old handlebars and now I want to fit the shifters to new bars. However strangely I can't fit the shifters in the new bars. See the following photo: I don't understand why this happens: I have l...	I think your picture shows that the expander wedges are riding up on the ridged part of the shifter pod, which keeps them from being able to get small like they're supposed to, hence not fitting the bar they just came out of.
10-speed shifters work with one wheelset but not with another EDIT: Answer at the bottom Hi, all I have an issue with the shifting for my bike, a Giant TCR C1. It seems like the shifters for the Giant TCR work only with one 10s wheelset but not with another 10s wheelset. I have 2 bikes: a Giant TCR C1 & a Cannondal...	It turns out that the issues were with the rear derailleur cable and the rear derailleur. If for some reason the hubs locate the cassettes differently even with the correct spacer, that would be surprising between two Shimano road hubs, but by the same token you could potentially use spacer tricks to compensate. Wear c...
Where is the valve in my handpump - and what stopped it working? I have quite an old handpump that fits on my frame. It looks like it's called TOPEAK "miniDUALG - optimised for MTB/ROAD." It has a pressure guage and various bits that screw the handle to the body and the body to the end with the pressure/bar valve, w...	If it works fine, check that the tire valve is not blocked.
threaded and threadless fork origin I was wondering why for a relatively long time the most common fork set-up was the threaded + quill stem one. Why? To me, it makes sense to try to have one point of failure for the the steering system of a bike (handlebar and fork), but it does not seem appropriate that said point...	Threadless headsets are now effectively ubiquitous on all kinds of bicycle.
Cracked rim - adequate for trainer use? I'd just bought a used wheel, but didn't actually notice its quite serious crack on the sidewall of the rim (silly me, quite foolish to not inspect it). In this case, what are the odds of it failing, when used exclusively on a trainer? <Q> If it where a tiny crack and your trai...	While it's possible that a failure while riding on the trainer could cause parts of the rim to damage other parts of the bike, that's probably not all that likely - the rim joint is held tight in place by the spoke tension
What are the main differences in Giant's Toughroad and Revolt drop-bar bike series? I'm at a bit of a loss trying to decide what sort of a (Giant) bike I should be looking towards. I used to have a Ribble Sportive 7005 from 2014 to 2017. I am now looking for something that would enable a better posture for a longer (5...	It's very obvious that the Revolt Advanced is the better bike, and the Toughroad the inferior. Generally the Toughroad series sits below the Revolt in Giant's range, with a bit of overlap. Figure out which gives you the riding position, ride and handling you are looking for, then decide how much money you want to spend...
Can anyone help me with identify this Giant bike? I need a name for this bike so I can look into it. It's going to be sold to me but I don’t want to get ripped off. Thanks! <Q> You should ask the seller for all the information you need about the bike, because a) they should know more than we do and b) if they can't giv...	When you test-ride, do a quick M check to make sure all the important parts are safe, not rattling or worn. Giant bikes aren't known for being counterfeited - the higher-end brands have much more of that. Looks like a nice bike - not very old because disk brakes have only been on road bikes in the last ~5 years.
Can I mix these SRAM Apex components with Shimano/Ofmega components on my bike temporarily? I own a Fausto Coppi vintage bike. Currently I have RSX shifters with Shimano exage 300EX front and rear derailleurs. I am switching my whole setup to accomodate 10 speed. My new wheels fit well. I have just ordered a SRAM Apex...	With narrower chain there is the risk that the chain slips between chainrings and is stuck there. With downtube shifters you could switch to friction mode and use any rear mech. The pull-rate (cable per click) on SRAM is very different from Shimano.
How do I use this style of hitch rack? I recently got this rack for free. Someone down the street had left it outside with a “free” sign. How do I actually use it? Do I need to buy straps to hold the bikes down? Am I missing a part? It seems like the bikes would immediately bounce out of the indents without any retenti...	A bike lock could do double duty in retaining and securing the bike, but something that can be tensioned is preferable.
Switching from straight handle bar to drop down - which dual control lever would fit? I am currently looking for ways to modify my bike. I do have a straight handlebar equipped and I‘d like to switch to a drop down road bike handlebar. My drivetrain is built mostly from Shimano SLX parts MT600 36/26 Crank (2S) SLX ...	Microshift BS-M11s with your existing derailleurs and switch to either mechanical brakes or Hylexes.
Identifying features of a mountain bike specific to a tall and heavy rider? I recently found some local bike trails that have everything from flat gravel to dirt bike jumps. I'm looking for a bike that can hold me through off road biking. I don't plan on doing any jumps or anything, but definitely offroad trails. I've...	Ideally look for bikes with wheels have a high spoke count. Tires with "downhill casings" might also be nice to avoid pinch flats and damaging the rims. Buy an older technology generation (but not too old!) I'd recommend 32 spokes as a minimum for the rear wheel and 36 or more if you can do so. Finally, make sure whate...
The eyelets/braze-ons on my bike's seat stay are on the inside, not on the outside. Which Rear Rack will fit it, if any? I have a Trek X1 Cyclocross bike and I want to get a rear rack for my bike. I went to a bike shop and none of limited rear racks they had would fit my bike. The reason was because the eyelets or braz...	Tubus and the many racks that copy their strut design can usually work by flipping the strut carriers in opposite from normal, which means they then have to be accessed with a ball-end tip only.
Resistance for different gear ratios Why are some gear ratios more difficult to pedal than others on a bicycle. It feels as though I’m missing some very simple piece of reasoning! <Q> It's the same with a car: you pull away from a stop in 1st gear in a car, not 4th, because the engine doesn't have enough torque to mana...	Different gear ratios offer different mechanical advantages, and let you divide or multiply your torque to suit different conditions. To add to Nathan's correct answer, the concept at work here is mechanical advantage .
How to mount tires without tire levers? Videos like this give the impression that mounting a tire with your hands only is stupidly easy. Now during my life I've mounted quite a few tires myself (probably ten times at least), always trying to make it without tire levers and always failing. Not only that, I always end...	You've got some great answers already from the usual suspects, but I think another aspect is that it's much about the feel of it under your fingers, and where exactly your hands go to get the leverage on that particular combination of tyre and rim. : Sometimes you hear cyclists and mechanics advising against finishing ...
WD40 for crank arm There is visible rust where my left crank arm meets the bottom bracket which I believe is the cause of the creaking (only present when pedalling hard on left side). Is it okay to spray WD40 in there to get rid of the rust? ThanksMark <Q> However surface rust there shouldn't lead to creaking, becaus...	WD40 won't actually get rid of rust, though it will slow the rate at which it gets worse, for a little while. The creaking could be from the bottom bracket.
Yes/no replace chainrings+cassette after chain failure? I had a pretty bad chain failure a couple of days ago. I bought the bike second hand about a year ago, and in all fairness I had not done much maintenance on it since. I discussed with a friend and after showing some images, he recommended to change the cassette ...	To me you can try to, in this order: change the chain and the largest chainring (completely worn), at least, change the cassette. Once replaced I'd keep a record of mileage (strava does this for me) and keep a better handle on how long each part should go before replacement is required.
Do I need a spacer between my cassette and freehub? I am fitting a modern Shimano 10-speed Hyperglide cassette ( CS-HG81-10 ) to an old Shimano 8 speed hub ( FH-M565 ). Fortunately, it is long enough (approx. 35mm) to take 10-speed. The hub came with a spacer and I am not sure if I should use it or not. I know that w...	There may be some instances where leaving the spacer out on an installation where it will fit will create improper contact between the cassette and the shoulder of some freehub bodies.
Is my Shimano Deore SLX dérailleur a medium or long cage? I have a Scott E-Genius 730 Plus and would like to replace the rear dérailleur (the probable cause of difficulties described in my last question ). It's a Shimano Deore SLX Dyna-sys unit, it's for a 10-speed cassette, and has a code RD-M7000 stamped into a meta...	Counterintuitively, the longer cage is actually compatible with the 36 tooth large cog you have, even though this 36 is smaller than many around today. your current SLX der is an SGS, or long, cage. The long SGS cage is able to handle the large amount of chain wrap involved on a 3x drivetrain.
Why are bicycles triangulated at the back but not at the front? I know that triangulation of structures makes them stiff. Why are bicycles stiff at the back but not at the front? <Q> Forks on bikes and motorcycles do pay either a weight or stiffness/strength penalty for their lack of triangulation. <S> One can imagine ...	Good forks offer a degree of valuable micro suspension even if they're not suspension forks, and losing that just to be able to smash into things would not be a welcome compromise for most. As bikes and materials and construction methods have evolved manufacturers were able to develop designs that are not trusses - eit...
Why can't my rear shifter shift into low gears? I have an entry-level Trek mountain bike bought several years ago, with a Shimano derailleur. It's been hanging in my garage for the last few years, taken down only a few times for rides. I just did a ride with some hills, when I noticed it wouldn't shift into lower gears...	There are plenty of questions here about this, but the basic process is loosen the RD cable, screw the barrel adjuster(s) on the shifter and/or RD in, and fasten the cable back so that you have all the slack taken out, barely taut, then use the barrel adjusters to fine tune from there. This is one of the more common br...
General question about small transmission changes I am trying to wrap my head around the benefit I may get out of small changes regarding my transmission ratio. Here is the premise: 11-42 cassette (Shimano M7000) 36-26 crankset (Shimano MT600) I found that I generally don‘t use the lowest gears much - if at all -...	Ideally you want a cassette size that gives you the lowest gear you use on its largest cog. If you keep the the smallest cog 11T, which you have to, only larger chainrings can enable you higher speed in flat sections and downhill parts where you control the speed by your power. , pay attention to the high speed section...
Friction shifting 9 speeds using an 11 speed rear derailleur I am interested in running a 1 x 9 drivetrain using an 11-speed Shimano 105 R7000 rear derailleur. If I'm friction shifting 9 speeds, will using an 11-speed derailleur cause issues? Or is it as simple as setting the limit screws to the proper positions. Would...	The reason there can be borderline cases is because rear derailleur movement for a given input is actually a curve, not a perfect ratio, and the exact start to finish value is going to depend on the high limit setting. Maybe talk to your LBS about running a 9s chain through an 11s derailleur, but I imagine it'll be fin...
Best setup for long distance? I’m looking to get a recumbent bike for travelling long weekends around Europe. I don’t know much about bikes and I’m looking at recumbent mainly for comfort reasons; I tried biking long trips on a normal bike and by butt was hurting quite a lot. I have a view quite specific questions: ...	You would need to compare the prices of buying a bike with electric assist built in vs buying an aftermarket electrical system.
Is 160mm crank too short? I’ve done some research about crank length. When I’m riding foooool gas my knee is starting to hurt but when I’m just chilling in group rides I feel alright. My crank length at the moment is 172.5 and I’m thinking upgrading to a shorter crankset. My inseam is 30inches and by the formula I foun...	If you do some research you will find there is a school of thought who prefer shorter cranks or who even break with standard bike-fitting orthodoxy and claim that standard size cranks are too long. I have a few bikes with cranks ranging from 165mm to 175mm and don't find that it makes much of a difference (although per...
Don't like upright position so which bike should I choose? Hi I used to cycle quite a lot and about 26 years ago bought a men's trek singletrack 970 which I loved. That eventually got stolen, and I haven't ridden for many years, but when I tried out some bikes at the beginning of the year they all felt like I was sitti...	However, you probably will find that drop bars allow you to easily use your arms as suspension, so with drop bars a suspension fork is not a necessity like it may be with straight bars. A good store might be able to recommend changes like a slightly longer headset to an off the rack bike to stretch you out a bit too. I...
What do I need to change to avoid 'bouncing' in my bike seat at high RPM? I've noticed while cycling on my road bike that, when I try to pedal very quickly, I start to 'bounce' a little in my seat. As in I'm lifting off the seat a little with each pedal, so feel I'm not harnessing the full strength of my legs. To avoi...	Instead of pedaling faster, consider shifting into something that takes a little more strength so that you can get the desired power without the bouncing. Either too low or too high seat can cause problems.
I have a customized Salsa Journeyman Claris. How small can I go for my small chainring? I'm not sure how to verify compatibility It's a Salsa Journeyman Claris drop bar 650b converted to flat. The flat and drop frames are the same, but the drop comes with road bike components. I have already upgraded a Sunrace 11-40t ...	Check that your front derailleur can accommodate the difference between chainrings on the crank you select, and can be dropped far enough down the seatpost. You presently have no options for smaller rings, larger rings, or other rings.
New chain for old bike I came into possession of an old Mongoose 3.5 that I need to buy a chain for. Unfortunately, I know very little about how to properly purchase the correct chain for a bike I can find very little information for. No bike shops around here are available to service it. The bike has a rear cartridge...	It is quite possible that the rear gear block (cassette/freewheel) will need to be replaced along with the chain. All you need is a 7-speed chain.
Can 700x28c wheels and tires fit in my MTB frame? I have an old Giant MTB frame. It's got typical oversized aluminum tubing but with roadbike-esque triangle shapes. It's disc-brake compatible and I want to turn it into a commuter bike. The rear end has a radius limit of 343 mm. I currently don't have the resources nor...	Disk brakes are what make this a possibility - if you had rim brakes it would be quite unlikely. The rim size is smaller on the mountain bike only to allow mounting a larger tire size without making the outer radius excessively large. An old MTB will have used 26" wheels (559mm rims), you want to put 700c (662mm) rims ...
Multiple flat tires on front My new bike is a Giant LaFree (electric pedal assist) with 26 x 2.35 tires. The tires are CST Metropolitan Palmbay.I have had multiple flats on the front. The leak is always on the inside of the tube in the same place, where the ribs are.My bike shop sells me Sunlite 26 x 1.95 - 2.125 tubes...	If the hole in the tube appears at a specific spoke hole, then check closely there for burrs.
Why do bike tires suffer from frequent punctures whereas car tires don't? I have driven in my life 200 000 km by car and 20 000 km by bike. In my car, I have never had a single puncture. In my bike, my puncture count probably exceeds 5. Why do bicycle tires suffer from frequent punctures whereas car tires do not? <Q> ...	There are puncture-resistant versions of popular road bike tires.
Are there any bike GPS computers / devices that can create routes themselves out on the road? In other words, I would want to be able to be in an arbitrary location and tell the device that I want to go to a specific destination (by entering an address or town name) and it would calculate a route from where I am to tha...	There are some smartphone apps that can do this—I think the best-known are Ride with GPS and Komoot. Wahoo's ELEMNT ROAM can also do routing on the fly.
Protecting Tires from House Cats I have a friend with several cats, one of which destroyed the material of their bike tires and is presumed to enjoy doing so.. having acquired new tires and tubes (but not yet put them on), how can we prevent the cat from chewing/scratching the new pair? We had thought bag the tires ...	This seems the most logical form of protection for little outlay, the most effective method would be to move the bike out of reach of the cats but if that’s not possible then a cover of some sort may suffice. If you have hydraulic brakes do not stand your bike upside down. Then a spray bottle of water can be used to de...
Are there any good reasons not to remove cantilever brake bosses in order to fit calliper brakes? I have a steel bike, with cantilever brakes . I much prefer calliper brakes. I'm planning to get the frame resprayed. Maybe this isn't such a great idea, but I'm wondering about having the cantilever braze-ons removed, in...	Those kinds of calipers are pretty mediocre brakes compared to a well set up cantilever. Getting the remnants smoothed out will take a lot of filing and sanding, but it can be done. If you want the bike set up to not have any use for long reach, and again assuming it's a clearance-heavy bike now, then probably the best...
Should my pedal be this shape or is it bent? I took my pedals off my old bike to grease them and I noticed that they were both splayed outwards on the outside edge. This means that either they sit on the top of the axle cup (if that is the name) on only one side. If they are in place on the outside cup the inside edg...	If I am viewing this correctly, the backplate is bent inward, which would pull the other parts of the pedal out of alignment. Maybe look for some used pedals in better condition.
My child seems to have difficulties riding bike - would different tires help? My son is 6 years old, weighs about 20kg himself. The bike we have for him is this Merida Matts J20 which weighs about 13kg. His riding skills are fine but I get the feeling he's not comfortable on the bike. He often raises himself from th...	As a start, I'd suggest getting him to test-ride another bike. Someone else's would be ideal and there's no cost. Both my children had Frog bikes and did fine. I see in the specs that this bike has 20 inch tyres.
What can I do to fix or replace this broken axle? I cased a jump badly and I broke either my bottom bracket or crank, I’m not sure which. What can I do to fix or replace this? Picture is of my broken bottom bracket or crankset. <Q> You've broken your bottom bracket's axle. <S> There is no way to safely reattach, so...	Note that special tools are required to remove and install bottom brackets, and a crank puller is needed to get crank arms off square taper axles. So your new BB has to match what the cranks fit onto, otherwise you'd need new cranks too and that's getting expensive. MTB cartridge bottom brackets fit both, but you need ...
Shimano shifter neither reaching top nor bottom gear So, I have the Shimano shifter, depicted below that selects from the 7 rear-wheel sprockets. To my surprise it no longer reaches highest nor lowest gear. At first I thought the cable could have lost tension, but that is not the case. Also, if it were the case, I ...	Common reasons for a derailleur not getting to the low gears (larger sprockets) is the shift cable slipping through the pinch bolt that secures it on the derailleur, cable housing has come out of shifters or frame stops or bad adjustment via the barrel adjusters. Once it is shifting up and down consistently, it will mo...
What might be causing my inner tubes to get rips behind the valve? I'm on my third inner tube now and it's always the same problem: an oblong shaped rip on the part right behind the presta valve. I'm at a loss since instead of the valve side, these rips are appearing on the other side. I've been told this might be beca...	Be sure to remove that ring before inserting the valve through the hole in the wheel, and replace it afterward. If you don't have a pressure gauge you should get one. Get yourself some talcum power, put a bit into the tire and spread it around, by rotating the tire in your hand.
How can I know if a crankset is compatible with my bike without physically seeing it? I'm using Shimano Tourney TX right now and would like to upgrade. I can only shop online and can't visit physical bike shops. I'm leaning towards SORA R3000 but I'm not sure if it has the same BB size as Tourney. <Q> In general, you m...	However, your frame most likely has a bottom bracket shell that is designed for threaded BBs, most likely with English threads. In this case, you could have looked at Shimano’s web pages for the Tourney and Sora groupsets. If the issue is that the chainrings are worn out, then just in case you aren’t aware, you should ...
Bar end shifters onto a flat bar - temporary fix solution I have a bike in progress that will use Shimano bar end shifters, but I am putting on a Jones Loop Bar. I am ordering a set of Paul's Thumbies, but they will take over a month to reach me. In the meantime, my bike is my only vehicle. I am looking for how I can ...	Single speed is much less annoying than it sounds, if you choose the gear wisely. Firstly, you can try to adjust the limit screws of the derailleurs to make your bike a single-speed one. If using some other chain, I don't think you'll find any reinforced connecting pins at all -- a good reason to switch to Shimano chai...
What do you call the plastic bit that mounts brake cable housing to dedicated frame mounting spots? I lost a couple and have no idea what to search for online. <Q> Jagwire calls these "Hose Guide for Frame Loops" . <S> I've also found these under "Cable Guide" on Amazon. <A> The term slotted might help disambiguat...	I just came across them at https://www.kineticbikebearings.com/kbb9038-slotted-cable-guide-pack-qty-20.html , called Slotted Cable Guides or slotted (wedge type) cable guide.
Increasing reliability of a hardtail MTB What affects the reliability of bike more, better suspension or heavier tyres? I have bought a hardtail (Rockrider ST520) with 80mm front travel and 27.5 x 2.0 all terrain tyres. The bike is meant for slightly rugged trails but I intend on taking it out on some fairly rough gr...	A better fork will be more robust but replacing a major component is not cost effective. Wider tires are relatively inexpensive and will definitely help smooth out the trails.
Is passing traffic on the cars' passenger side ("Undertaking") with a bicycle frowned upon in the UK? Take the example where a bicycle lane is on the road, rather than the pavement. There is a queue of cars waiting at the lights, and the bike lane is clear right up to the lights. If you were to cycle right up to the li...	in the specific situation you're asking about - passing traffic which is stopped at a red light - it's also perfectly fine (and indeed expected) for cars to undertake.
Broken rear brake - told it was unfixable I have an older model Trek mountain bike. I took it to the shop for an annual tuneup and they called me to say that the rear brake broke off the frame and that it can't be fixed. The entire brake is off the frame - is there really no fix for this situation? <Q> The brake pivot ...	It's the kind of thing where a simple and fast fix may be possible but the equipment and skill to achieve it are costly. Over time and with braking this connection failed, and also maybe the bolt holding the canti arm onto the stud came loose and was lost.
Assemble gravel bike from parts Is there any guide or what should I know to assemble a bicycle from parts instead of buying a complete new one ? <Q> I have done it successfully, but it takes time, lots of time. <S> Over a year in one case, because I was trying to get the lowest prices I could find. <S> The time was spe...	The first thing you need to know is it is almost always cheaper, faster and less work to buy an assembled bike than build it from parts.
Frequent punctures, is my weight the problem? 2 road bike. The rear tire keeps popping. I have replaced the rear rim and tube. Every time I go for a ride I inflate the tire to around 70-80psi. I am on the heavy side (310 lbs). What are my options. A stronger tube if they make one. Or a different bicycle in which case w...	You can try running higher pressure which will stop the tire from deforming as much.
Why is a damaged bike tyre a problem? I have seen / heard of cases where bike tyres get damaged (like for example riding on a flat). But what I don't fully understand is why the damage becomes a problem or whether the tyre actually needs replacing after being damaged or not. Can someone explain the full consequences ...	A really damaged tire may puncture more readily, suddenly blowout, negatively affect braking or traction while cornering or come off the rim.
Correct frame size, will 56 and 58cm work? I'm new to bicycling (I have a 7 speed HEAVY beach cruiser I use for 10-20 mile rides). I am looking into used road bikes now. I checked several places to measure what size frame I should get for a road bike. Most recommend 56cm for me but some suggest a 58cm might be fine. I...	As many have pointed out in comments and answers, bike sizing is not an absolute but a “fit window,” where it is possible more than one frame size could work for a particular rider. The most important thing to remember is not size but fit.
What can I expect within a year? I've just started road cycling 1.5 months ago, I'm a 15 year old guy with no serious experience, my avg speed on a road bike is 16,8mph is that a good speed?, what can i expect in one year in terms of my speed? <Q> It really depends on your training. <S> I think nobody can give a defini...	Research cycling training for what you want to do, make a training plan and execute it.
Can non-tubeless-ready MTB tyres be used to go tubeless? I'm trying to understand whether it's necessary to buy a new tyre marked as tubeless-ready in order to go tubeless on my new MTB. Initially, I thought that going tubeless simply requires a sealant, tubeless-ready rims (or rims properly prepared with tape) and va...	Tubeless technology is still evolving, but at least one rim manufacturer (Zipp, IIRC) argues that if your tubeless tire is riding up to the rim hooks, it's not fitting correctly anyhow, so hooks are redundant (this opinion is not universal).
Bike temporarily feels like it switches into a lower gear when rapidly braking? It’s hard to describe this, and I’m not sure whether there’s something wrong with my bike. Say I’m cycling along a long straight in sixth gear. If I brake enough to slow down rapidly (like round a corner) my bike suddenly acts as if it is ...	I would suspect not on a pod/trigger shifter, but your bike has grip shifters/twist shifters which might be reacting to the rotational input from your hands while braking. I'd analyse this carefully with the bike in a bike stand or upside down, or have it checked at a local bike shop and get the faulty part serviced or...
Change Shimano GRX 1x to 2x This may be a stupid and uncommon (definitely seems so) question. Also forgive me for potential etiquette violations, as this is my first one on bike stackexchange. I'm thinking about buying a gravel bike ( nukeproof digger comp 2020 ) which has the Shimano GRX 1x11 drivetrain. Having almos...	If you want to ride rougher off-road trials exclusively a 1x bike may be better. If you intend to swap the parts yourself then this may make any warranty claims later problematic. What is more, some frames lack mounting positions and the shape or material of the seat tube does not allow clamping. Cable routing can be s...
How can I reach upto Olympic level competitions? I am 20 years old. My height is 1.7 meters (5 foot 7 inches). I live in India. I have cycled since I was a kid just for enjoyment. I have no idea how I will reach to world level competition like Olympics. It is my dream. or is it too late? Is there something which w...	You could still perhaps get to some very high levels if you have the right genetic predispositions, but the Olympics are very unlikely and professional cycling likely as well. If there are any races in your area, enter some races. Human bodies need the right level of physical training during their growth, that means so...
What's the strongest way to bond a cable stop to an steel frame? I have a steel single speed bike and want to add a rear brake. All is good expect there is no cable stops on the top tube. I want to bond two cable stops to the under side of the top tube. <Q> Don't use cable stops. <S> The biggest load those stops will...	Beside a professionally done welding, clamp-on cable stops should be a reasonably reliable solution.
Bottle Cage Mount on Carbon Bike I have fitted a frame bag to my carbon bike frame so I have lost my water bottle mounts. As it's carbon frame I'm aware that you can't mount clamps on the carbon like you would for steel. However, I have come across the Top Peak Versamount, do you think this will be ok? All help and ...	Another easy option for water bottle carriage is stem bags, which strap to the handlebar and the stem. A carbon tube may not have the same properties in all directions, i.e. it can be engineered anisotropically.
In need of guides to maintain the bike that I'm about to get I'm about to get myself a cheap hybrid (costing ~200 USD) and I'd like to be able to learn how to maintain it on my own without having to go to a bike shop every now and then (and also because I'm a student who can't really afford to do that). If there are an...	Keep your bicycle clean this help you to see whether there are not any hidden defectes which might be left unnoticed because of dirt on your bicycle. I can certainly recommend books by Lennard Zinn, namely Zinn & the Art of Road Bike Maintenance and Zinn & the Art of Mountain Bike Maintenance
New suspension fork - how much should I care for locking on the handlebar? I'm putting together a bike that will allow me to go to work. I work in a warehouse outside of the city I live in, and I want to avoid roads trucks take because I haven't ride a bike for about ten years. So my road will be bumpy, a bit off road....	It's fairly unnecessary for the casual rider to 1)require the lockout feature at all and certainly not often or urgently enough that a remote would be beneficial 2)benefit from the energy savings derived from locking out the suspension. Any fork lockout per-se is a sign of suspension design limitations, one would argue...
What's the better option to buy? I am about to get myself a hybrid bike, but being tight on budget (~ 200USD). I didn't really have many options to choose from. I'd initially thought of buying this particular bike, Mach City Munich after reading good reviews about it online, but it's been unavailable for the past month...	For your price range it might be wiser to get an older higher quality second-hand bike. If you are able to lift yourself out of the saddle when you go over bumps, you don't need suspension. I tend to agree that the differences between the two bikes you listed are minor. The one thing that really matters is how they fit...
Why can't I use my new pedal indoors? As seen below, I got a paper slip telling me not to use my new pedals on indoor equipment. I don't want to anyway, but I wonder — if threads would fit, is there any real reasons not to do it? Probably there is, because they wouldn't limit their own market without a cause, but what ...	The potential for someone to strike a shin against the pedal warrants the warning. I bet the pedal manufacturer's legal department is worried that they never specifically tested for breakage due to corrosion from all that added salt.
What tyres would be better suited? 32c or 35c I'm from, Kolkata, India, and the place isn't best known for its roads, at least. Thinking of getting a new bike.. But I happen to be someone who's got absolutely no knowledge about any, and I'm even yet to ride a geared bike! I don't want to run into many punctures and st...	I’d consider going even wider than 35mm or at least get a bicycle which has the option of fitting wider tires. Good wide tires don’t necessarily have bad rolling resistance.
How do you compare chainsets on MTB? Which is better? I'm looking at getting a decent mountain bike that will probably spend quite a bit of time on the road. I found that the most common types of chainsetsare either: Shimano Altus 2x9 Shimano Deore 1x10 (on the more expensive models). SRAM SX Eagle 1x12 (on the mu...	If buying new, see if the bike shop will swap out stock components for those more to your liking. Lighter weight and more reliable as it has fewer moving parts MTBers on 1x tend to elect a chainring that gives the lowest low gear they need for climbing, and accept the limited loss of time that occurs the few times they...
Waterproof overshoes: am I using them right? As part of my "in case it rains" gear, I have waterproof jacket, waterproof trousers and waterproof overshoes. The first time I used them I had the "brilliant" idea to tuck the trousers into the overshoes, with the result of pouring all the rainwater directly into my shoes....	Overshoes over the top of normal bicycling shoes with cleats are not "waterproof".
Properly sizing a frameset online (Ritchey Road Logic)? Longtime lurker, first-time poster. My frame is cracked and I have mostly decent parts so I am thinking about just buying a frameset and paying the LBS to move stuff over. A friend suggested I look into steel frames since I want a metal frame and don't race a ton,...	The "stack/reach ratio" will tell you how laid out your torso will be on a given bike, and for someone with your build, you'd probably want a low ratio. Based on your info it seems like the 55 is the right size
How is this damaged aluminium frame likely to fail? I had an unplanned collision with a car yesterday (everyone is fine, thankfully) but my bike – a Giant Revolt 1 – now has a lovely new pair of dents. I cycled it home from the collision (~6km) and it seemed “fine” although I was probably still in shock. Looking at i...	The vibrations from riding are likely to quickly trigger cracks to form, and soon the downtube breaks apart at the buckle area. It's no longer ridable.
What to get? How do I know whether what I'm looking at is a BSO? (Bicycle Shaped Object); what should I do about the multiple chainrings? I'm about to get a ridiculously cheap bike (~$200) sometime soon and have limited my options to two bikes. One is the BTwin Riverside 120, which people here in India who have put up...	Buy the best quality bike that you can afford. The term "BSO" is an insulting term for the models in the lowest group.
Aerodynamics of cycling behind a bus If cycling directly behind a bus that was travelling at 30mph on a flat road on a windless day, how far would the rider have to move away from it to receive zero drafting benefit? Is the distance-to-benefit relationship linear, or does the benefit decrease more quickly the further ...	The benefit will be decreasing the most at the boundary of the recirculation zone.
How old is too old for aggressive cycling? Downhill, freeride, dirt jumping, BMX. Am I too old for complete experience of these styles at 28 ? Have no prior experience, but think to jump in. I did extensive reading on this topic, forums, blogs and reddit mainly, it usually starts off with how it is never too late, ...	You're not as young as you used to be, but in a good way: you won't have physical limitations of age, but you'll be more observant and thoughtful about what works for you and what doesn't, and less likely to take a "walk it off" approach to injury. First you'll have to acquire the necessary riding technique, skills and...
Shift lever tight when cable clamped in derailleur, adjustments seem futile I have a 2020 Giant Trance 2 I purchased new at the beginning of June 2020. Recently I had to replace my shifter cable (I broke a ferrule and the cable was fraying and very short, so I figured the best way out was to throw a new cable in to the...	Then check in more detail the routing of the cable from the last outer towards the cable clamp on the derailleur. Looks aside, putting an alignment tool on the hanger would ideally be the first step.
Correct way to shift? So I went to a bike shop to check out the options that I could buy and came across this board that has the gear using system explained for beginners (I guess?). Is it not literally suggesting cross-chaining? The bike I'd most likely buy will have Shimano tourney derailleurs, both front and back....	Having a middle front cog with either the biggest or the smallest rear cog will constitute cross-chaining, albeit less grave.
Smartphone app that alerts when a rider is left behind I belong to a few off-road bicycle in groups. We ride during the day and at night. Does anyone know of a smart phone app that would alert the bicycling group leader when one of the group is left behind, meaning when they are more than certain distance far away? <Q...	With big groups, designating a back marker (or pair of back markers) is worthwhile. While I'm not familiar with Garmin, they appear to have a feature called GroupTrack , which enables users to opt in to a group ride with tracking. Wahoo has similar functionality , which I believe is called Find a Friend.
Will running an LED designed for batteries on a NEXUS dynamo hub damage the LED? I have a question about LEDs on 6V Shimano dynamo hubs. I built up an old Schwinn with a Nexus dynamo hub, and the headlight I'm using is based on an LED 6V headlamp. The LED is a Chip-on-board design, and I've wired it directly to the two...	6v is probably low enough to not damage the LED, but you might be vulnerable to a voltage spike.
What saddle rail clamp should I get? I just got a new supercycle bike that came with everything, including the saddle rail clamp (the part connecting the double-railed saddle to the shaft beneath). After riding about 20km on it, the bike seat began tilting backwards randomly, without me adjusting it. I took it apart ...	When selecting the seatpost, prefer designs that have two bolts where the failure of a single bolt does not cause the seat to become loose. When selecting a seatpost, be sure to have sufficient length (too much never hurts, unless it's ridiculously long which no seatpost I know of is), and the correct diameter (use a c...
Is it more difficult to mount non-tubeless tires on tubeless-ready rims than non-tubeless-ready rims? In the summer I bought an e-road-bike that has tubeless-ready rims. I wanted to change the tires to better ones, so I bought a pair of Continental GP 5000 (non-tubeless) 28mm tires, and installed them on to the rims. ...	Of course this isn’t a complete universality, as there have always been tight tire rim combinations (when tolerances collide) long before tubeless, but with the tolerance improvements we are now consistently closer to the true BSD specification making tire fitting a little harder. Typically yes, but I am sure there are...
What are velcro alternatives for frame mounted bag? I don't like velcro straps on my bike. They are constantly shifting and rubbing against it. They catch dirt. They cover frame stickers ;) A few days ago I've seen a frame bag that appeared to be connected to the frame without any straps at all. Just like one in this ...	Another option is to fabricate a bag that can be mounted to the water bottle cage eyelets.
What is the best way to keep everything organized and spend less time setting up? When playing Dominion, how do you go about organizing all of the various cards and sets while maintaining a priority to getting games started quickly? <Q> For card selection, I highly recommend the iDominion iPhone app . <S> Lets you s...	Use one of the many dividers on BoardGameGeek to assist in locating cards. I have all of my cards (Dominion, Intrigue, Seaside, and Alchemy) in two collectible-card-game "long boxes", sorted by set and by name.
House rules to make the cloister less of a game winning tile in Carcassonne? In my experience, cloister tiles in Carcassonne are often "too lucky". If you draw a cloister tile in the beginning of the game, it will typically still require an investment of quite a bit of "meeple" time to obtain the full 9 points, which m...	It makes it harder to drop a cloister into an empty spot, due to more city tiles with attached roads and cloister tiles with roads or cities on them. Another possible rule is that cloisters must have unique 9 squares, not shared with another cloister.
What is a winning strategy for Italy with Diplomacy Italy is almost the worst country to start with. But that makes it a nice challenge. What is your winning strategy with Italy? <Q> Hopefully this will lull them into a false sense of security, so that you can actually get somewhere with your beleaguered green armies...	One winning strategy is to make an early alliance, preferably with Austria and then knock out Turkey and turn on France. Make sure EVERYONE knows that Italy is the weakest country, by reminding them of it constantly, both during the game and every time the subject of Diplomacy comes up in conversation generally.
Is castling still done in the openings in modern chess? I have read in a somewhat old book that castling was to be done as soon as possible, but some of my playing friends don't bother to do it in the opening. What's the modern usage? <Q> It's normally a very good idea to castle early, but 'as soon as possible' is not ...	Castling is still done in "modern" openings, but it doesn't quite have the urgency that it used to.
Can I play a Beer to no effect in Bang? Is it legal to play a Beer card in Bang! even if I am at full life? Some scenarios where I might want to do this: I don't want someone else to "Panic" it from my hand I'm Suzy Lafayette and I want to empty my hand so I can keep drawing more cards <Q> You can only play a b...	To the best of my knowledge... You can play a beer card on your turn, even if it has no effect. Since it is not out of range, it can be played. No, neither cards from your hand nor cards in play in front of you. ...
What do you recommend to learn Go? I am a beginner at this great game, and I would like to improve my skills at the game of Go. What resources would you recommend? <Q> If you don't have a friend or neighbor to play with, then I highly recommend the American Go Association. <S> They have a great resources page , link...	Once you have learned some basic strategy, the best way to learn is to play. Servers for on-line play, including some turn-based servers.
In Settlers of Catan, how do you overcome bad initial settlement placement? In Settlers of Catan, how do you overcome bad initial settlement placement? In a lot of games of Catan I've played, initial settlement placement seems to really make or break the game for a player. Are there any good strategies for overcoming...	Try to get a port that capitalizes on your resources, and make the necessary trades with other players to get the resources you're poor in. I think the main thing you need to do is correctly identify your strengths and weaknesses, and don't try to force a strategy you're not set up for. One of the big goals you should ...
Power plants in Power Grid I've played Power Grid once so far. What is a good beginner's strategy in the initial accumulation of power plants? <Q> Some mix of the following: <S> Buy the biggest one you can afford - Remembering that you have to afford fuel as well. <S> Try to get a plant that has dual fuel source...	Personally I prefer to start with a relatively inexpensive power plant (as low and cheap as feasible - never more than 2x than the initial value
How can I counter Merchant Elves? In Small World , the only combination we've encountered that we consider "broken" in any way is Merchant Elves - the Merchant property doubles the value of every occupied area, while the immortality of the Elves means that eliminating that race becomes impossible. Especially deadly i...	The "Solution" to Merchant Elves is anything Sorcerers.
What are the most useful Major Improvements in Agricola? What Major Improvements do you see as most useful in Agricola, and why? <Q> For a grain-based strategy the Clay Oven is key. <S> It's incredibly efficient (1 grain-> 5 food), and crucially, requires only one stone, so you can get it early (guaranteed before the s...	Fireplace (3 clay): Less important than the 2 clay version. Pottery : With the right minors you can make something of this, otherwise it is just 2 VPs Joinery : It isn't too many games that you have much extra wood. The victory points are the main thing here.
History of board games Is there a good book about the history of board games? Preferably the book would cover all the way from the ancient games to the newest fads in the market. <Q> The Oxford History of Board Games is a very thorough book that discusses board games from their ancient inception to the (almost) pre...	I think A History of Board Games Other Than Chess is one of the definitive books in this category.
What's the name of the move where the player swaps King and Rook/Castle in Chess? Why is this move important? I'm a chess beginner, and I was wondering: why was this movement introduced to chess, and why is it important to the game? <Q> It's called castling . <S> See this related question: Is castling still done in t...	This is called "castling". It's important because it gets your king out of danger (the centre is not safe), while simultaneously moving your 'tower' (also called a Castle, or a Rook) into the centre, where it is much more useful.
What are “Outs” in Texas Hold'em Poker? What are Outs in Texas Hold'em Poker ? <Q> "Outs" are the cards left in the deck that could possibly make you win. <S> Usually these are discussed most when players are all-in and the cards have been revealed. <S> If the only way you can win is to draw one of the 3 Aces ...	If there are one or more cards still to be dealt and you think your hand is currently inferior to an opponent's hand, the "outs" are cards not yet revealed to you that will improve your hand from a losing to a winning position.
What well designed Icehouse games are available for two people? Recently the Icehouse game system has caught my eye. I've looked through a ton of rules on the Icehouse Wiki but haven't found any really engaging game for two players. What well designed Icehouse games are available for two people? The amount of sta...	My favorite 2-player Icehouse game is Volcano , you need to print out one sheet of paper with the "board" (though you could still play without it), rules are simple but the game is quite deep in strategy.
Interaction in Race For The Galaxy In Race For The Galaxy, I'm usually focused on my own cards, and only find out who wins during the scoring at the end of the game. Is this a feature of the game — that is, is it low on interaction? Or is my strategy inadequate? <Q> First, I'm assuming you're playing the game without ...	While low interaction is a frequent critique of the game, I think most experienced players would tell you that you're not playing the game as effectively as you could.
What's the proper etiquette when a Euchre trick is earned? When a team has 3 tricks and the other scores a trick, you can throw in all the cards because you know the team of 3 tricks will get one point only. There is no sense playing out the final trick. I have played both ways and do not have a preference as long as e...	We play out all the tricks until the remaining cards no longer have mathematical significance.
What are some good house rules to balance the sides in Saboteur? My group of gaming buddies, after playing plenty of Saboteur , has found that the "good dwarves" can pretty easily win consistently once they learn which pieces are most valuable and how to best respond to revealed saboteurs. What are some good house ...	Another house rule we use is to always guarantee the maximum number of saboteurs, rather than having a chance for one fewer as in the normal rules.
How do you prevent deliberately losing in Republic of Rome? In Republic of Rome, if Rome falls, everyone loses. Some gaming groups I've been in grok this concept completely and players will make major sacrifices of their positions (donating lots of money from personal treasuries to the state to fight off the Punic W...	If it's not part of any sort of larger tournament or ranking system, then there's pretty much no difference between everyone losing and a draw, so it's just going to wind up being an issue of perception.
What are the mechanical differences between Doom and Descent from Fantasy Flight Games? I know that FFG's Descent and Doom board games use roughly the same mechanics, but my understanding is that there are numerous small differences that lead people to prefer Descent over Doom. Beyond the differences in theme, what ar...	The breadth of characters and skill and item combinations make Descent really come to life compared to the relatively lackluster variety in DOOM.

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