subset stringclasses 6
values | context stringlengths 16 17.7k | context_tokens dict | qid stringlengths 32 32 | question stringlengths 1 717 | question_tokens dict | detected_answers dict | answers listlengths 1 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SQuAD | In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Be... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1936",
"the",
"US",
"Patent",
"Office",
"declared",
"Bell",
"first",
"on",
"its",
"list",
"of",
"the",
"country",
"'s",
"greatest",
"inventors",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"US",
"Post",
"Office",... | b3931066ccac463dbb255fd90f129e14 | What was created in Bell's image in 1940? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"created",
"in",
"Bell",
"'s",
"image",
"in",
"1940",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
17,
20,
24,
27,
33,
36,
40
]
} | {
"text": [
"commemorative stamp"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
138
],
"end": [
156
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
27
],
"end": [
28
]
}
]
} | [
"commemorative stamp"
] |
SQuAD | In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Be... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1936",
"the",
"US",
"Patent",
"Office",
"declared",
"Bell",
"first",
"on",
"its",
"list",
"of",
"the",
"country",
"'s",
"greatest",
"inventors",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"US",
"Post",
"Office",... | ccca6bd222ea436d99fc2182948b7fc9 | Bell's stamp is part of which line? | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"'s",
"stamp",
"is",
"part",
"of",
"which",
"line",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
13,
16,
21,
24,
30,
34
]
} | {
"text": [
"Famous Americans Series"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
196
],
"end": [
218
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
38
],
"end": [
40
]
}
]
} | [
"Famous Americans Series"
] |
SQuAD | In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Be... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1936",
"the",
"US",
"Patent",
"Office",
"declared",
"Bell",
"first",
"on",
"its",
"list",
"of",
"the",
"country",
"'s",
"greatest",
"inventors",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"US",
"Post",
"Office",... | d32e9db2b8f449e8bc6c074f7f1c7c9c | On what date was the stamp officially released? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"date",
"was",
"the",
"stamp",
"officially",
"released",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
27,
38,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"October 28"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
266
],
"end": [
275
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
53
]
}
]
} | [
"October 28"
] |
SQuAD | In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Be... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1936",
"the",
"US",
"Patent",
"Office",
"declared",
"Bell",
"first",
"on",
"its",
"list",
"of",
"the",
"country",
"'s",
"greatest",
"inventors",
",",
"leading",
"to",
"the",
"US",
"Post",
"Office",... | 25e9f722e16d421489c77956cf68be95 | In which city was the stamp officially released? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"which",
"city",
"was",
"the",
"stamp",
"officially",
"released",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
14,
18,
22,
28,
39,
47
]
} | {
"text": [
"Boston"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
280
],
"end": [
285
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
55
],
"end": [
55
]
}
]
} | [
"Boston"
] |
SQuAD | Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. According to one of his biographers, Charlotte Gray, Bell's work ranged "unfettered across the scientific landscape" and he often went to bed voraciously reading the Encyclopædia Britannica,... | {
"tokens": [
"Although",
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"is",
"most",
"often",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"invention",
"of",
"the",
"telephone",
",",
"his",
"interests",
"were",
"extremely",
"varied",
".",
"According",
"to"... | 3e662c377aa2488d9217881e353c7087 | What series of books does Gray say Bell would go to sleep reading? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"series",
"of",
"books",
"does",
"Gray",
"say",
"Bell",
"would",
"go",
"to",
"sleep",
"reading",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
15,
21,
26,
31,
35,
40,
46,
49,
52,
58,
65
]
} | {
"text": [
"Encyclopædia Britannica"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
296
],
"end": [
318
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
51
],
"end": [
52
]
}
]
} | [
"Encyclopædia Britannica"
] |
SQuAD | Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. According to one of his biographers, Charlotte Gray, Bell's work ranged "unfettered across the scientific landscape" and he often went to bed voraciously reading the Encyclopædia Britannica,... | {
"tokens": [
"Although",
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"is",
"most",
"often",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"invention",
"of",
"the",
"telephone",
",",
"his",
"interests",
"were",
"extremely",
"varied",
".",
"According",
"to"... | 4db64b0309c64926be3d5a458dcdf88c | How many solo patents did Bell get? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"solo",
"patents",
"did",
"Bell",
"get",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
14,
22,
26,
31,
34
]
} | {
"text": [
"18"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
432
],
"end": [
433
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
76
],
"end": [
76
]
}
]
} | [
"18"
] |
SQuAD | Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. According to one of his biographers, Charlotte Gray, Bell's work ranged "unfettered across the scientific landscape" and he often went to bed voraciously reading the Encyclopædia Britannica,... | {
"tokens": [
"Although",
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"is",
"most",
"often",
"associated",
"with",
"the",
"invention",
"of",
"the",
"telephone",
",",
"his",
"interests",
"were",
"extremely",
"varied",
".",
"According",
"to"... | 16108dc265114decbf19f6a327d40aa8 | How many patents did Bell co-author? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"patents",
"did",
"Bell",
"co",
"-",
"author",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
21,
26,
28,
29,
35
]
} | {
"text": [
"12"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
477
],
"end": [
478
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
85
],
"end": [
85
]
}
]
} | [
"12"
] |
SQuAD | On July 11, 1877, a few days after the Bell Telephone Company was established, Bell married Mabel Hubbard (1857–1923) at the Hubbard estate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His wedding present to his bride was to turn over 1,487 of his 1,497 shares in the newly formed Bell Telephone Company. Shortly thereafter, the newlywe... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"July",
"11",
",",
"1877",
",",
"a",
"few",
"days",
"after",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Company",
"was",
"established",
",",
"Bell",
"married",
"Mabel",
"Hubbard",
"(",
"1857–1923",
")",
"at",
... | c0be8ac31b734a8aa3abee6551be571d | Who did Bell marry in 1877? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"did",
"Bell",
"marry",
"in",
"1877",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
13,
19,
22,
26
]
} | {
"text": [
"Mabel Hubbard"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
92
],
"end": [
104
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
20
]
}
]
} | [
"Mabel Hubbard"
] |
SQuAD | On July 11, 1877, a few days after the Bell Telephone Company was established, Bell married Mabel Hubbard (1857–1923) at the Hubbard estate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His wedding present to his bride was to turn over 1,487 of his 1,497 shares in the newly formed Bell Telephone Company. Shortly thereafter, the newlywe... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"July",
"11",
",",
"1877",
",",
"a",
"few",
"days",
"after",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Company",
"was",
"established",
",",
"Bell",
"married",
"Mabel",
"Hubbard",
"(",
"1857–1923",
")",
"at",
... | 5186da8acbcb4ac6bc6a8084e9f21d62 | Where did Bell and his wife go on their honeymoon? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"did",
"Bell",
"and",
"his",
"wife",
"go",
"on",
"their",
"honeymoon",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
19,
23,
28,
31,
34,
40,
49
]
} | {
"text": [
"Europe"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
360
],
"end": [
365
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
69
]
}
]
} | [
"Europe"
] |
SQuAD | On July 11, 1877, a few days after the Bell Telephone Company was established, Bell married Mabel Hubbard (1857–1923) at the Hubbard estate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His wedding present to his bride was to turn over 1,487 of his 1,497 shares in the newly formed Bell Telephone Company. Shortly thereafter, the newlywe... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"July",
"11",
",",
"1877",
",",
"a",
"few",
"days",
"after",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Company",
"was",
"established",
",",
"Bell",
"married",
"Mabel",
"Hubbard",
"(",
"1857–1923",
")",
"at",
... | 3021840f126d4b55ace795f1d8c206d4 | Before 1897, what did Bell get most of his money from? | {
"tokens": [
"Before",
"1897",
",",
"what",
"did",
"Bell",
"get",
"most",
"of",
"his",
"money",
"from",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
11,
13,
18,
22,
27,
31,
36,
39,
43,
49,
53
]
} | {
"text": [
"lectures"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
736
],
"end": [
743
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
142
],
"end": [
142
]
}
]
} | [
"lectures"
] |
SQuAD | Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous a... | {
"tokens": [
"Their",
"final",
"aircraft",
"design",
",",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
",",
"embodied",
"all",
"of",
"the",
"advancements",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"earlier",
"machines",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1... | b54e4da657db4ef797dc212c0014ecec | What did the AEA name their last plane? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"the",
"AEA",
"name",
"their",
"last",
"plane",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
22,
28,
33,
38
]
} | {
"text": [
"Silver Dart"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
43
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
7
]
}
]
} | [
"Silver Dart"
] |
SQuAD | Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous a... | {
"tokens": [
"Their",
"final",
"aircraft",
"design",
",",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
",",
"embodied",
"all",
"of",
"the",
"advancements",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"earlier",
"machines",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1... | 4c9e9fca8eea453f949118babd2a73fa | Who was the first to fly the Silver Dart? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"to",
"fly",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
18,
21,
25,
29,
36,
40
]
} | {
"text": [
"J.A.D. McCurdy"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
177
],
"end": [
190
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
35
],
"end": [
36
]
}
]
} | [
"J.A.D. McCurdy"
] |
SQuAD | Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous a... | {
"tokens": [
"Their",
"final",
"aircraft",
"design",
",",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
",",
"embodied",
"all",
"of",
"the",
"advancements",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"earlier",
"machines",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1... | 11b182ddf4564ba989ad2fdb557f9360 | What professional did Bell make sure was present during the first Silver Dart flight? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"professional",
"did",
"Bell",
"make",
"sure",
"was",
"present",
"during",
"the",
"first",
"Silver",
"Dart",
"flight",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
18,
22,
27,
32,
37,
41,
49,
56,
60,
66,... | {
"text": [
"a doctor"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
340
],
"end": [
347
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
66
],
"end": [
67
]
}
]
} | [
"a doctor"
] |
SQuAD | Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous a... | {
"tokens": [
"Their",
"final",
"aircraft",
"design",
",",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
",",
"embodied",
"all",
"of",
"the",
"advancements",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"earlier",
"machines",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1... | 7e50f013e8004741a708789800a8aa5b | What business did Baldwin and McCurdy start after the AEA folded? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"business",
"did",
"Baldwin",
"and",
"McCurdy",
"start",
"after",
"the",
"AEA",
"folded",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
18,
26,
30,
38,
44,
50,
54,
58,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"Canadian Aerodrome Company"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
480
],
"end": [
505
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
94
],
"end": [
96
]
}
]
} | [
"Canadian Aerodrome Company"
] |
SQuAD | Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous a... | {
"tokens": [
"Their",
"final",
"aircraft",
"design",
",",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
",",
"embodied",
"all",
"of",
"the",
"advancements",
"found",
"in",
"the",
"earlier",
"machines",
".",
"On",
"February",
"23",
",",
"1... | 1ae50f5681504970b3d188cfcc9f6188 | On what month and day did the Silver Dart take its first flight? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"month",
"and",
"day",
"did",
"the",
"Silver",
"Dart",
"take",
"its",
"first",
"flight",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
14,
18,
22,
26,
30,
37,
42,
47,
51,
57,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"February 23"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
113
],
"end": [
123
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
21
],
"end": [
22
]
}
]
} | [
"February 23"
] |
SQuAD | Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments. To help celebrate his life, his wife asked guests not to wear black (the traditional funeral color) while attending his service, during which soloist Jean MacDonald ... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"was",
"constructed",
"of",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
"pine",
"by",
"his",
"laboratory",
"staff",
",",
"lined",
"with",
"the",
"same",
"red",
"silk",
"fabric",
"used",
"in",
"his",
"tetr... | a3b47307706847e390184cd93df8331c | What kind of wood was Bell's coffin made from? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"kind",
"of",
"wood",
"was",
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"made",
"from",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
18,
22,
26,
29,
36,
41,
45
]
} | {
"text": [
"Beinn Bhreagh pine"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
50
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
8
]
}
]
} | [
"Beinn Bhreagh pine"
] |
SQuAD | Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments. To help celebrate his life, his wife asked guests not to wear black (the traditional funeral color) while attending his service, during which soloist Jean MacDonald ... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"was",
"constructed",
"of",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
"pine",
"by",
"his",
"laboratory",
"staff",
",",
"lined",
"with",
"the",
"same",
"red",
"silk",
"fabric",
"used",
"in",
"his",
"tetr... | e229cb5a5a014e459acd0d581e2f689a | What color silk was used in Bell's coffin? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"color",
"silk",
"was",
"used",
"in",
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
11,
16,
20,
25,
28,
32,
35,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"red"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
97
],
"end": [
99
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
18
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"red"
] |
SQuAD | Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments. To help celebrate his life, his wife asked guests not to wear black (the traditional funeral color) while attending his service, during which soloist Jean MacDonald ... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"was",
"constructed",
"of",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
"pine",
"by",
"his",
"laboratory",
"staff",
",",
"lined",
"with",
"the",
"same",
"red",
"silk",
"fabric",
"used",
"in",
"his",
"tetr... | 14d46fad87d74566b9b40557d2d09582 | What color were attendees asked to not wear at Bell's funeral? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"color",
"were",
"attendees",
"asked",
"to",
"not",
"wear",
"at",
"Bell",
"'s",
"funeral",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
11,
16,
26,
32,
35,
39,
44,
47,
51,
54,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"black"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
217
],
"end": [
221
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
41
],
"end": [
41
]
}
]
} | [
"black"
] |
SQuAD | Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments. To help celebrate his life, his wife asked guests not to wear black (the traditional funeral color) while attending his service, during which soloist Jean MacDonald ... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"'s",
"coffin",
"was",
"constructed",
"of",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
"pine",
"by",
"his",
"laboratory",
"staff",
",",
"lined",
"with",
"the",
"same",
"red",
"silk",
"fabric",
"used",
"in",
"his",
"tetr... | c1e7748efab64286ba99f9edb7b62a01 | Which singer performed at Bell's funeral? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"singer",
"performed",
"at",
"Bell",
"'s",
"funeral",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
13,
23,
26,
30,
33,
40
]
} | {
"text": [
"Jean MacDonald"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
305
],
"end": [
318
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
56
],
"end": [
57
]
}
]
} | [
"Jean MacDonald"
] |
SQuAD | The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"bel",
"(",
"B",
")",
"and",
"the",
"smaller",
"decibel",
"(",
"dB",
")",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"measurement",
"of",
"sound",
"intensity",
"invented",
"by",
"Bell",
"Labs",
"and",
"named",
"aft... | b144f2989401470aaa2f950dc56d30f5 | What unit is named after Bell? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"unit",
"is",
"named",
"after",
"Bell",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
19,
25,
29
]
} | {
"text": [
"The bel"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
6
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
1
]
}
]
} | [
"The bel"
] |
SQuAD | The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"bel",
"(",
"B",
")",
"and",
"the",
"smaller",
"decibel",
"(",
"dB",
")",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"measurement",
"of",
"sound",
"intensity",
"invented",
"by",
"Bell",
"Labs",
"and",
"named",
"aft... | 86f576cfe8b1441388927adaf082f58f | What does the bel and decibel measure? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"does",
"the",
"bel",
"and",
"decibel",
"measure",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
18,
22,
30,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"sound intensity"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
83
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
17
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"sound intensity"
] |
SQuAD | The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"bel",
"(",
"B",
")",
"and",
"the",
"smaller",
"decibel",
"(",
"dB",
")",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"measurement",
"of",
"sound",
"intensity",
"invented",
"by",
"Bell",
"Labs",
"and",
"named",
"aft... | cdd47083f9644cfc968993d89113f192 | What lab invented the term "bel." | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"lab",
"invented",
"the",
"term",
"\"",
"bel",
".",
"\""
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
18,
22,
27,
28,
31,
32
]
} | {
"text": [
"Bell Labs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
97
],
"end": [
105
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
21
],
"end": [
22
]
}
]
} | [
"Bell Labs"
] |
SQuAD | The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"bel",
"(",
"B",
")",
"and",
"the",
"smaller",
"decibel",
"(",
"dB",
")",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"measurement",
"of",
"sound",
"intensity",
"invented",
"by",
"Bell",
"Labs",
"and",
"named",
"aft... | f66f74a58cfc4913802803fc1d62ee1b | In what field is the Alexander Graham Bell Medal given out? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"field",
"is",
"the",
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"Medal",
"given",
"out",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
14,
17,
21,
31,
38,
43,
49,
55,
58
]
} | {
"text": [
"telecommunications"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
253
],
"end": [
270
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
52
]
}
]
} | [
"telecommunications"
] |
SQuAD | The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"bel",
"(",
"B",
")",
"and",
"the",
"smaller",
"decibel",
"(",
"dB",
")",
"are",
"units",
"of",
"measurement",
"of",
"sound",
"intensity",
"invented",
"by",
"Bell",
"Labs",
"and",
"named",
"aft... | a83507097e7441978a162ea822613042 | What was the first year the Alexander Graham Bell Medal was given out? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"year",
"the",
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"Medal",
"was",
"given",
"out",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
19,
24,
28,
38,
45,
50,
56,
60,
66,
69
]
} | {
"text": [
"1976"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
141
],
"end": [
144
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
33
]
}
]
} | [
"1976"
] |
SQuAD | For users and small businesses, traditional options include copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface). Using fiber-optics to end users is called Fiber To The Home or similar names. | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"users",
"and",
"small",
"businesses",
",",
"traditional",
"options",
"include",
"copper",
"wires",
"to",
"provide",
"dial",
"-",
"up",
",",
"DSL",
",",
"typically",
"asymmetric",
"digital",
"subscriber",
... | 3c2ca71757c9444495a1a10ac32752a7 | what traditional options were available for users and small businesses? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"traditional",
"options",
"were",
"available",
"for",
"users",
"and",
"small",
"businesses",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
17,
25,
30,
40,
44,
50,
54,
60,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface)"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
60
],
"end": [
240
]
}
],
"tok... | [
"copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface)"
] |
SQuAD | For users and small businesses, traditional options include copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface). Using fiber-optics to end users is called Fiber To The Home or similar names. | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"users",
"and",
"small",
"businesses",
",",
"traditional",
"options",
"include",
"copper",
"wires",
"to",
"provide",
"dial",
"-",
"up",
",",
"DSL",
",",
"typically",
"asymmetric",
"digital",
"subscriber",
... | 267af07fd118415188558925832e9372 | what is it called when fiber-optics are used for end users? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"is",
"it",
"called",
"when",
"fiber",
"-",
"optics",
"are",
"used",
"for",
"end",
"users",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
11,
18,
23,
28,
29,
36,
40,
45,
49,
53,
58
]
} | {
"text": [
"Fiber To The Home"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
285
],
"end": [
301
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
54
],
"end": [
57
]
}
]
} | [
"Fiber To The Home"
] |
SQuAD | For users and small businesses, traditional options include copper wires to provide dial-up, DSL, typically asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable modem or Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface). Using fiber-optics to end users is called Fiber To The Home or similar names. | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"users",
"and",
"small",
"businesses",
",",
"traditional",
"options",
"include",
"copper",
"wires",
"to",
"provide",
"dial",
"-",
"up",
",",
"DSL",
",",
"typically",
"asymmetric",
"digital",
"subscriber",
... | a2eb4f7221af4745bda813d6bac1d989 | who is served by dial-up, dsl, adsl, cable modems, or isdns? | {
"tokens": [
"who",
"is",
"served",
"by",
"dial",
"-",
"up",
",",
"dsl",
",",
"adsl",
",",
"cable",
"modems",
",",
"or",
"isdns",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
14,
17,
21,
22,
24,
26,
29,
31,
35... | {
"text": [
"users and small businesses"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
29
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
4
]
}
]
} | [
"users and small businesses"
] |
SQuAD | Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me... | {
"tokens": [
"Honors",
"and",
"tributes",
"flowed",
"to",
"Bell",
"in",
"increasing",
"numbers",
"as",
"his",
"most",
"famous",
"invention",
"became",
"ubiquitous",
"and",
"his",
"personal",
"fame",
"grew",
".",
"Bell",
"... | f623f5fcd3dd4f1db7037427de82296b | What did Bell receive from many centers of post-secondary education? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"Bell",
"receive",
"from",
"many",
"centers",
"of",
"post",
"-",
"secondary",
"education",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
22,
27,
32,
40,
43,
47,
48,
58,
67
]
} | {
"text": [
"honorary degrees"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
155
],
"end": [
170
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
25
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"honorary degrees"
] |
SQuAD | Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me... | {
"tokens": [
"Honors",
"and",
"tributes",
"flowed",
"to",
"Bell",
"in",
"increasing",
"numbers",
"as",
"his",
"most",
"famous",
"invention",
"became",
"ubiquitous",
"and",
"his",
"personal",
"fame",
"grew",
".",
"Bell",
"... | dc7f6bd9d2b04124bea899a24cc71511 | What is the most famous statue built for Bell and his creation? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"most",
"famous",
"statue",
"built",
"for",
"Bell",
"and",
"his",
"creation",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
17,
24,
31,
37,
41,
46,
50,
54,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"Bell Telephone Memorial"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
460
],
"end": [
482
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
77
],
"end": [
79
]
}
]
} | [
"Bell Telephone Memorial"
] |
SQuAD | Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me... | {
"tokens": [
"Honors",
"and",
"tributes",
"flowed",
"to",
"Bell",
"in",
"increasing",
"numbers",
"as",
"his",
"most",
"famous",
"invention",
"became",
"ubiquitous",
"and",
"his",
"personal",
"fame",
"grew",
".",
"Bell",
"... | 41be14ad961a4eada6b508b2829035a5 | When was the Bell Telephone Memorial constructed? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"was",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Memorial",
"constructed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
18,
28,
37,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"1917"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
564
],
"end": [
567
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
95
],
"end": [
95
]
}
]
} | [
"1917"
] |
SQuAD | Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me... | {
"tokens": [
"Honors",
"and",
"tributes",
"flowed",
"to",
"Bell",
"in",
"increasing",
"numbers",
"as",
"his",
"most",
"famous",
"invention",
"became",
"ubiquitous",
"and",
"his",
"personal",
"fame",
"grew",
".",
"Bell",
"... | afa694fdcabf45708edb77cf1fb33385 | In what city was the Bell Telephone Memorial constructed? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"city",
"was",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Memorial",
"constructed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
26,
36,
45,
56
]
} | {
"text": [
"Brantford"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
541
],
"end": [
549
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
90
],
"end": [
90
]
}
]
} | [
"Brantford"
] |
SQuAD | Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me... | {
"tokens": [
"Honors",
"and",
"tributes",
"flowed",
"to",
"Bell",
"in",
"increasing",
"numbers",
"as",
"his",
"most",
"famous",
"invention",
"became",
"ubiquitous",
"and",
"his",
"personal",
"fame",
"grew",
".",
"Bell",
"... | 3b0f7c41529a4e08967dcf0d56c06516 | In which gardens was the Bell Telephone Memorial constructed? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"which",
"gardens",
"was",
"the",
"Bell",
"Telephone",
"Memorial",
"constructed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
9,
17,
21,
25,
30,
40,
49,
60
]
} | {
"text": [
"Alexander Graham Bell Gardens"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
508
],
"end": [
536
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
85
],
"end": [
88
]
}
]
} | [
"Alexander Graham Bell Gardens"
] |
SQuAD | Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. | {
"tokens": [
"Just",
"as",
"their",
"customers",
"pay",
"them",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
",",
"ISPs",
"themselves",
"pay",
"upstream",
"ISPs",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
".",
"An",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"usually",
"has... | 208c6aa9a5fc4540b05da7e8d8097a4b | Who does an ISP pay for internet access? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"does",
"an",
"ISP",
"pay",
"for",
"internet",
"access",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
16,
20,
24,
33,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"upstream ISPs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
74
],
"end": [
86
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
13
],
"end": [
14
]
}
]
} | [
"upstream ISPs"
] |
SQuAD | Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. | {
"tokens": [
"Just",
"as",
"their",
"customers",
"pay",
"them",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
",",
"ISPs",
"themselves",
"pay",
"upstream",
"ISPs",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
".",
"An",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"usually",
"has... | fef8b701a89e47ea8a7eafa3283dd526 | Why does an ISP need to pay an upstream ISP? | {
"tokens": [
"Why",
"does",
"an",
"ISP",
"need",
"to",
"pay",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
16,
21,
24,
28,
31,
40,
43
]
} | {
"text": [
"An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
109
],
"end": [
177
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
30
]
}
]
} | [
"An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP"
] |
SQuAD | Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. | {
"tokens": [
"Just",
"as",
"their",
"customers",
"pay",
"them",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
",",
"ISPs",
"themselves",
"pay",
"upstream",
"ISPs",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
".",
"An",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"usually",
"has... | ea149e998f6140bdb5d1854721c854e9 | What does an upstream ISP provide for an ISP? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"does",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"provide",
"for",
"an",
"ISP",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
22,
26,
34,
38,
41,
44
]
} | {
"text": [
"access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
226
],
"end": [
303
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
40
],
"end": [
54
]
}
]
} | [
"access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to"
] |
SQuAD | Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. | {
"tokens": [
"Just",
"as",
"their",
"customers",
"pay",
"them",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
",",
"ISPs",
"themselves",
"pay",
"upstream",
"ISPs",
"for",
"Internet",
"access",
".",
"An",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"usually",
"has... | 08c5833f0f0a4be7aded756899df8c96 | what usually has a larger network, the ISP of the customer or the upstream ISP? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"usually",
"has",
"a",
"larger",
"network",
",",
"the",
"ISP",
"of",
"the",
"customer",
"or",
"the",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
17,
19,
26,
33,
35,
39,
43,
46... | {
"text": [
"upstream ISPs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
74
],
"end": [
86
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
13
],
"end": [
14
]
}
]
} | [
"upstream ISPs"
] |
SQuAD | Bell was a supporter of aerospace engineering research through the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), officially formed at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, in October 1907 at the suggestion of his wife Mabel and with her financial support after the sale of some of her real estate. The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding mem... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"was",
"a",
"supporter",
"of",
"aerospace",
"engineering",
"research",
"through",
"the",
"Aerial",
"Experiment",
"Association",
"(",
"AEA",
")",
",",
"officially",
"formed",
"at",
"Baddeck",
",",
"Nova",
... | 0535896b954e42409db40cbf239719df | What organization did Bell set up due to his interest in aerospace? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"organization",
"did",
"Bell",
"set",
"up",
"due",
"to",
"his",
"interest",
"in",
"aerospace",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
18,
22,
27,
31,
34,
38,
41,
45,
54,
57,
66
]
} | {
"text": [
"Aerial Experiment Association"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
67
],
"end": [
95
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
10
],
"end": [
12
]
}
]
} | [
"Aerial Experiment Association"
] |
SQuAD | Bell was a supporter of aerospace engineering research through the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), officially formed at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, in October 1907 at the suggestion of his wife Mabel and with her financial support after the sale of some of her real estate. The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding mem... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"was",
"a",
"supporter",
"of",
"aerospace",
"engineering",
"research",
"through",
"the",
"Aerial",
"Experiment",
"Association",
"(",
"AEA",
")",
",",
"officially",
"formed",
"at",
"Baddeck",
",",
"Nova",
... | adc16478a91a47fba696f74269bffd20 | When was the AEA founded? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"was",
"the",
"AEA",
"founded",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
24
]
} | {
"text": [
"1907"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
158
],
"end": [
161
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
27
],
"end": [
27
]
}
]
} | [
"1907"
] |
SQuAD | Bell was a supporter of aerospace engineering research through the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), officially formed at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, in October 1907 at the suggestion of his wife Mabel and with her financial support after the sale of some of her real estate. The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding mem... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"was",
"a",
"supporter",
"of",
"aerospace",
"engineering",
"research",
"through",
"the",
"Aerial",
"Experiment",
"Association",
"(",
"AEA",
")",
",",
"officially",
"formed",
"at",
"Baddeck",
",",
"Nova",
... | 4ba94cbbbc564c18a2aa90bf9ecaa7dd | Which original member of the AEA held motorcycle speed records? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"original",
"member",
"of",
"the",
"AEA",
"held",
"motorcycle",
"speed",
"records",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
15,
22,
25,
29,
33,
38,
49,
55,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"Glenn H. Curtiss"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
355
],
"end": [
370
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
66
],
"end": [
68
]
}
]
} | [
"Glenn H. Curtiss"
] |
SQuAD | Bell was a supporter of aerospace engineering research through the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), officially formed at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, in October 1907 at the suggestion of his wife Mabel and with her financial support after the sale of some of her real estate. The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding mem... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"was",
"a",
"supporter",
"of",
"aerospace",
"engineering",
"research",
"through",
"the",
"Aerial",
"Experiment",
"Association",
"(",
"AEA",
")",
",",
"officially",
"formed",
"at",
"Baddeck",
",",
"Nova",
... | 9acc440a471c4201aef69336b72dc476 | Which branch of the military was Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge in? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"branch",
"of",
"the",
"military",
"was",
"Lieutenant",
"Thomas",
"Selfridge",
"in",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
13,
16,
20,
29,
33,
44,
51,
61,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"army"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
840
],
"end": [
843
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
155
],
"end": [
155
]
}
]
} | [
"army"
] |
SQuAD | On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet. The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"26",
"February",
"2015",
",",
"the",
"FCC",
"ruled",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"net",
"neutrality",
"by",
"adopting",
"Title",
"II",
"(",
"common",
"carrier",
")",
"of",
"the",
"Communications",
"Act",
... | a0d53a97259c4364b8fc3e52a1067d76 | When did the FCC rule on net neturality? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"the",
"FCC",
"rule",
"on",
"net",
"neturality",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
22,
25,
29,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"February 2015"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
18
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
2
],
"end": [
3
]
}
]
} | [
"February 2015"
] |
SQuAD | On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet. The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"26",
"February",
"2015",
",",
"the",
"FCC",
"ruled",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"net",
"neutrality",
"by",
"adopting",
"Title",
"II",
"(",
"common",
"carrier",
")",
"of",
"the",
"Communications",
"Act",
... | 79ad51c890784653a9da437532e2e8a5 | How did the FCC rule on net neutrality? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"did",
"the",
"FCC",
"rule",
"on",
"net",
"neutrality",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
16,
21,
24,
28,
38
]
} | {
"text": [
"in favor"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
35
],
"end": [
42
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
8
],
"end": [
9
]
}
]
} | [
"in favor"
] |
SQuAD | On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet. The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"26",
"February",
"2015",
",",
"the",
"FCC",
"ruled",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"net",
"neutrality",
"by",
"adopting",
"Title",
"II",
"(",
"common",
"carrier",
")",
"of",
"the",
"Communications",
"Act",
... | e5d690d1bac8470db22684b2278d4926 | what did the FCC adopt for the internet? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"did",
"the",
"FCC",
"adopt",
"for",
"the",
"internet",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
23,
27,
31,
39
]
} | {
"text": [
"Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
74
],
"end": [
132
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
15
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934"
] |
SQuAD | On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet. The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"26",
"February",
"2015",
",",
"the",
"FCC",
"ruled",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"net",
"neutrality",
"by",
"adopting",
"Title",
"II",
"(",
"common",
"carrier",
")",
"of",
"the",
"Communications",
"Act",
... | d2bfd5f132eb4930be832176ef6a6b12 | what amendment did the chairman of the FCC compare this ruling to? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"amendment",
"did",
"the",
"chairman",
"of",
"the",
"FCC",
"compare",
"this",
"ruling",
"to",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
15,
19,
23,
32,
35,
39,
43,
51,
56,
63,
65
]
} | {
"text": [
"the First Amendment"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
301
],
"end": [
319
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
61
],
"end": [
63
]
}
]
} | [
"the First Amendment"
] |
SQuAD | On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet. The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment... | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"26",
"February",
"2015",
",",
"the",
"FCC",
"ruled",
"in",
"favor",
"of",
"net",
"neutrality",
"by",
"adopting",
"Title",
"II",
"(",
"common",
"carrier",
")",
"of",
"the",
"Communications",
"Act",
... | 29114724c8524df881e49e0a04819eab | what did the FCC chairman say both the internet and the first amendment stand for? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"did",
"the",
"FCC",
"chairman",
"say",
"both",
"the",
"internet",
"and",
"the",
"first",
"amendment",
"stand",
"for",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
26,
30,
35,
39,
48,
52,
... | {
"text": [
"free speech"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
343
],
"end": [
353
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
70
]
}
]
} | [
"free speech"
] |
SQuAD | Alexander Graham Bell was ranked 57th among the 100 Greatest Britons (2002) in an official BBC nationwide poll, and among the Top Ten Greatest Canadians (2004), and the 100 Greatest Americans (2005). In 2006 Bell was also named as one of the 10 greatest Scottish scientists in history after having been listed in the Nat... | {
"tokens": [
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"was",
"ranked",
"57th",
"among",
"the",
"100",
"Greatest",
"Britons",
"(",
"2002",
")",
"in",
"an",
"official",
"BBC",
"nationwide",
"poll",
",",
"and",
"among",
"the",
"To... | 82fce2528acd4b659d9e76ef38ed0fa4 | In 2002, where did Bell place in a list of the Greatest Britons? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2002",
",",
"where",
"did",
"Bell",
"place",
"in",
"a",
"list",
"of",
"the",
"Greatest",
"Britons",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
15,
19,
24,
30,
33,
35,
40,
43,
47,
56,
6... | {
"text": [
"57th"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
36
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"57th"
] |
SQuAD | Alexander Graham Bell was ranked 57th among the 100 Greatest Britons (2002) in an official BBC nationwide poll, and among the Top Ten Greatest Canadians (2004), and the 100 Greatest Americans (2005). In 2006 Bell was also named as one of the 10 greatest Scottish scientists in history after having been listed in the Nat... | {
"tokens": [
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"was",
"ranked",
"57th",
"among",
"the",
"100",
"Greatest",
"Britons",
"(",
"2002",
")",
"in",
"an",
"official",
"BBC",
"nationwide",
"poll",
",",
"and",
"among",
"the",
"To... | 67b7b49219aa420ba45c8106515555bd | In what Scottish Hall of Fame is Bell listed? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"Scottish",
"Hall",
"of",
"Fame",
"is",
"Bell",
"listed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
17,
22,
25,
30,
33,
38,
44
]
} | {
"text": [
"Scottish Science Hall of Fame"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
349
],
"end": [
377
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
73
]
}
]
} | [
"Scottish Science Hall of Fame"
] |
SQuAD | Alexander Graham Bell was ranked 57th among the 100 Greatest Britons (2002) in an official BBC nationwide poll, and among the Top Ten Greatest Canadians (2004), and the 100 Greatest Americans (2005). In 2006 Bell was also named as one of the 10 greatest Scottish scientists in history after having been listed in the Nat... | {
"tokens": [
"Alexander",
"Graham",
"Bell",
"was",
"ranked",
"57th",
"among",
"the",
"100",
"Greatest",
"Britons",
"(",
"2002",
")",
"in",
"an",
"official",
"BBC",
"nationwide",
"poll",
",",
"and",
"among",
"the",
"To... | 7ad4f0d8c60a44158c4f7c05abd2eb72 | Which institution listed Bell in their Hall of Fame? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"institution",
"listed",
"Bell",
"in",
"their",
"Hall",
"of",
"Fame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
18,
25,
30,
33,
39,
44,
47,
51
]
} | {
"text": [
"National Library of Scotland"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
317
],
"end": [
344
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
63
],
"end": [
66
]
}
]
} | [
"National Library of Scotland"
] |
SQuAD | A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"is",
"an",
"organization",
"that",
"provides",
"services",
"for",
"hosting",
"electronic",
"mail",
"domains",
"with",
"access",
"to",
"storage",
"for",
"mail",
"boxes",
".",
"It",
... | 671ae282a04b4ddbb4b20736b3bcd773 | What is a mailbox provider? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"a",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
10,
18,
26
]
} | {
"text": [
"an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
133
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [... | [
"an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes"
] |
SQuAD | A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"is",
"an",
"organization",
"that",
"provides",
"services",
"for",
"hosting",
"electronic",
"mail",
"domains",
"with",
"access",
"to",
"storage",
"for",
"mail",
"boxes",
".",
"It",
... | 74089295c71c430c9f693882f2270a9d | What is an organization that provides hosting of electronic mail domains? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"an",
"organization",
"that",
"provides",
"hosting",
"of",
"electronic",
"mail",
"domains",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
11,
24,
29,
38,
46,
49,
60,
65,
72
]
} | {
"text": [
"A mailbox provider"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
2
],
"end": [
17
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
2
]
}
]
} | [
"A mailbox provider"
] |
SQuAD | A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"is",
"an",
"organization",
"that",
"provides",
"services",
"for",
"hosting",
"electronic",
"mail",
"domains",
"with",
"access",
"to",
"storage",
"for",
"mail",
"boxes",
".",
"It",
... | 831a8f75961e4e5fb3b4f6c9cd8f044a | what is the purpose of a mailbox provider? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"is",
"the",
"purpose",
"of",
"a",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
20,
23,
25,
33,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
136
],
"end": [
202
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
35
]
}
]
} | [
"It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email"
] |
SQuAD | A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations. | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"mailbox",
"provider",
"is",
"an",
"organization",
"that",
"provides",
"services",
"for",
"hosting",
"electronic",
"mail",
"domains",
"with",
"access",
"to",
"storage",
"for",
"mail",
"boxes",
".",
"It",
... | 09a66186f74f49739ada74516de97edf | how does a user store electronic mail? | {
"tokens": [
"how",
"does",
"a",
"user",
"store",
"electronic",
"mail",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
11,
16,
22,
33,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"A mailbox provider"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
2
],
"end": [
17
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
2
]
}
]
} | [
"A mailbox provider"
] |
SQuAD | In partnership with Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell helped establish the publication Science during the early 1880s. In 1898, Bell was elected as the second president of the National Geographic Society, serving until 1903, and was primarily responsible for the extensive use of illustrations, including photography, in the... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"partnership",
"with",
"Gardiner",
"Greene",
"Hubbard",
",",
"Bell",
"helped",
"establish",
"the",
"publication",
"Science",
"during",
"the",
"early",
"1880s",
".",
"In",
"1898",
",",
"Bell",
"was",
"el... | b06b7cf1d7044023b26ed364cf9aa91c | What magazine did Bell found alongside Hubbard? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"magazine",
"did",
"Bell",
"found",
"alongside",
"Hubbard",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
18,
23,
29,
39,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"Science"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
83
],
"end": [
89
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
12
],
"end": [
12
]
}
]
} | [
"Science"
] |
SQuAD | In partnership with Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell helped establish the publication Science during the early 1880s. In 1898, Bell was elected as the second president of the National Geographic Society, serving until 1903, and was primarily responsible for the extensive use of illustrations, including photography, in the... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"partnership",
"with",
"Gardiner",
"Greene",
"Hubbard",
",",
"Bell",
"helped",
"establish",
"the",
"publication",
"Science",
"during",
"the",
"early",
"1880s",
".",
"In",
"1898",
",",
"Bell",
"was",
"el... | 29ca70149e6d40b99213ae8cff22ce58 | When did Bell cease to be President of the National Geographic Society? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"Bell",
"cease",
"to",
"be",
"President",
"of",
"the",
"National",
"Geographic",
"Society",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
20,
23,
26,
36,
39,
43,
52,
63,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"1903"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
215
],
"end": [
218
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
36
],
"end": [
36
]
}
]
} | [
"1903"
] |
SQuAD | In partnership with Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell helped establish the publication Science during the early 1880s. In 1898, Bell was elected as the second president of the National Geographic Society, serving until 1903, and was primarily responsible for the extensive use of illustrations, including photography, in the... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"partnership",
"with",
"Gardiner",
"Greene",
"Hubbard",
",",
"Bell",
"helped",
"establish",
"the",
"publication",
"Science",
"during",
"the",
"early",
"1880s",
".",
"In",
"1898",
",",
"Bell",
"was",
"el... | de41009f28a04957ab3a8037d5053f41 | What enduring feature of National Geographic did Bell help implement? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"enduring",
"feature",
"of",
"National",
"Geographic",
"did",
"Bell",
"help",
"implement",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
22,
25,
34,
45,
49,
54,
59,
68
]
} | {
"text": [
"illustrations"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
276
],
"end": [
288
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
47
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"illustrations"
] |
SQuAD | In partnership with Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell helped establish the publication Science during the early 1880s. In 1898, Bell was elected as the second president of the National Geographic Society, serving until 1903, and was primarily responsible for the extensive use of illustrations, including photography, in the... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"partnership",
"with",
"Gardiner",
"Greene",
"Hubbard",
",",
"Bell",
"helped",
"establish",
"the",
"publication",
"Science",
"during",
"the",
"early",
"1880s",
".",
"In",
"1898",
",",
"Bell",
"was",
"el... | 2c2cd4ba0ded4951aeeabb7f5aa34ac9 | What award did Bell win in 1902? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"award",
"did",
"Bell",
"win",
"in",
"1902",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
11,
15,
20,
24,
27,
31
]
} | {
"text": [
"Albert Medal"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
548
],
"end": [
559
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
97
],
"end": [
98
]
}
]
} | [
"Albert Medal"
] |
SQuAD | Network hardware, software and specifications, as well as the expertise of network management personnel are important in ensuring that data follows the most efficient route, and upstream connections work reliably. A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible.[citation needed] | {
"tokens": [
"Network",
"hardware",
",",
"software",
"and",
"specifications",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"the",
"expertise",
"of",
"network",
"management",
"personnel",
"are",
"important",
"in",
"ensuring",
"that",
"data",
"fol... | 669fe6183e9e4e9d8b61e1b6a09dd7fb | What sort of route does data follow? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"sort",
"of",
"route",
"does",
"data",
"follow",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
19,
24,
29,
35
]
} | {
"text": [
"the most efficient route"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
148
],
"end": [
171
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
23
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"the most efficient route"
] |
SQuAD | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Internet",
"was",
"developed",
"as",
"a",
"network",
"between",
"government",
"research",
"laboratories",
"and",
"participating",
"departments",
"of",
"universities",
".",
"By",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
",",
... | 873bc9fb949441bc9bc602c77413e7f9 | Why was the internet developed? | {
"tokens": [
"Why",
"was",
"the",
"internet",
"developed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
21,
30
]
} | {
"text": [
"a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
30
],
"end": [
125
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
5
],
"end": [
15
... | [
"a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities"
] |
SQuAD | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Internet",
"was",
"developed",
"as",
"a",
"network",
"between",
"government",
"research",
"laboratories",
"and",
"participating",
"departments",
"of",
"universities",
".",
"By",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
",",
... | f42c2b87cdbf4ae19d7d426e54f3b1af | when was the internet developed? | {
"tokens": [
"when",
"was",
"the",
"internet",
"developed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
22,
31
]
} | {
"text": [
"1980s"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
140
],
"end": [
144
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
20
],
"end": [
20
]
}
]
} | [
"1980s"
] |
SQuAD | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Internet",
"was",
"developed",
"as",
"a",
"network",
"between",
"government",
"research",
"laboratories",
"and",
"participating",
"departments",
"of",
"universities",
".",
"By",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
",",
... | 68b2040f10224d29bb8d087089d37752 | what happened to the internet in the late 1980s? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"happened",
"to",
"the",
"internet",
"in",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
17,
21,
30,
33,
37,
42,
47
]
} | {
"text": [
"a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
147
],
"end": [
219
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
35
]
}
]
} | [
"a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet"
] |
SQuAD | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Internet",
"was",
"developed",
"as",
"a",
"network",
"between",
"government",
"research",
"laboratories",
"and",
"participating",
"departments",
"of",
"universities",
".",
"By",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
",",
... | 3a6d3b8a308e4823b5849d31f61af7e0 | When were remaining restrictions on the internet removed? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"were",
"remaining",
"restrictions",
"on",
"the",
"internet",
"removed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
20,
33,
36,
40,
49,
56
]
} | {
"text": [
"1995"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
265
],
"end": [
268
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
43
],
"end": [
43
]
}
]
} | [
"1995"
] |
SQuAD | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Internet",
"was",
"developed",
"as",
"a",
"network",
"between",
"government",
"research",
"laboratories",
"and",
"participating",
"departments",
"of",
"universities",
".",
"By",
"the",
"late",
"1980s",
",",
... | c691c5bb79984f0da1db31bdcdbee19a | how long after the introduction of the world wide web was 1995? | {
"tokens": [
"how",
"long",
"after",
"the",
"introduction",
"of",
"the",
"world",
"wide",
"web",
"was",
"1995",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
15,
19,
32,
35,
39,
45,
50,
54,
58,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"4 years"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
271
],
"end": [
277
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
45
],
"end": [
46
]
}
]
} | [
"4 years"
] |
SQuAD | Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75. Bell had also been afflicted with pernicious anemia. His last view of the land he had inhabited was by moonlight on his mountain estate at 2:00 a.m.[N 29][N 30] While tending to him after hi... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"died",
"of",
"complications",
"arising",
"from",
"diabetes",
"on",
"August",
"2",
",",
"1922",
",",
"at",
"his",
"private",
"estate",
",",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
",",
"Nova",
"Scotia",
",",
"at",
... | 3f8985ea263940a0b2a3b6df627039bc | What disease contributed greatly to Bell's death? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"disease",
"contributed",
"greatly",
"to",
"Bell",
"'s",
"death",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
25,
33,
36,
40,
43,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"diabetes"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
40
],
"end": [
47
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
6
],
"end": [
6
]
}
]
} | [
"diabetes"
] |
SQuAD | Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75. Bell had also been afflicted with pernicious anemia. His last view of the land he had inhabited was by moonlight on his mountain estate at 2:00 a.m.[N 29][N 30] While tending to him after hi... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"died",
"of",
"complications",
"arising",
"from",
"diabetes",
"on",
"August",
"2",
",",
"1922",
",",
"at",
"his",
"private",
"estate",
",",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
",",
"Nova",
"Scotia",
",",
"at",
... | a1ebefbbe7f14cc1b50a6d14535664c8 | On what day and month did Bell die? | {
"tokens": [
"On",
"what",
"day",
"and",
"month",
"did",
"Bell",
"die",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
16,
22,
26,
31,
34
]
} | {
"text": [
"August 2"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
59
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
8
],
"end": [
9
]
}
]
} | [
"August 2"
] |
SQuAD | Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75. Bell had also been afflicted with pernicious anemia. His last view of the land he had inhabited was by moonlight on his mountain estate at 2:00 a.m.[N 29][N 30] While tending to him after hi... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"died",
"of",
"complications",
"arising",
"from",
"diabetes",
"on",
"August",
"2",
",",
"1922",
",",
"at",
"his",
"private",
"estate",
",",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
",",
"Nova",
"Scotia",
",",
"at",
... | 34833a0112eb44adbd95078418ccf280 | Who was the last person to see Bell alive? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"was",
"the",
"last",
"person",
"to",
"see",
"Bell",
"alive",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
17,
24,
27,
31,
36,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"Mabel"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
336
],
"end": [
340
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
68
],
"end": [
68
]
}
]
} | [
"Mabel"
] |
SQuAD | Bell died of complications arising from diabetes on August 2, 1922, at his private estate, Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, at age 75. Bell had also been afflicted with pernicious anemia. His last view of the land he had inhabited was by moonlight on his mountain estate at 2:00 a.m.[N 29][N 30] While tending to him after hi... | {
"tokens": [
"Bell",
"died",
"of",
"complications",
"arising",
"from",
"diabetes",
"on",
"August",
"2",
",",
"1922",
",",
"at",
"his",
"private",
"estate",
",",
"Beinn",
"Bhreagh",
",",
"Nova",
"Scotia",
",",
"at",
... | 3a5965f1488a454d95c3ccff8f29740c | In what Province did Bell die? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"Province",
"did",
"Bell",
"die",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
17,
21,
26,
29
]
} | {
"text": [
"Nova Scotia"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
106
],
"end": [
116
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
21
],
"end": [
22
]
}
]
} | [
"Nova Scotia"
] |
SQuAD | Free ISPs are Internet service providers that provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the user's attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, sometimes called freenets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usual... | {
"tokens": [
"Free",
"ISPs",
"are",
"Internet",
"service",
"providers",
"that",
"provide",
"service",
"free",
"of",
"charge",
".",
"Many",
"free",
"ISPs",
"display",
"advertisements",
"while",
"the",
"user",
"is",
"connected"... | 9eb13b591c2046668744e590b4e772f3 | What are free ISPs? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"are",
"free",
"ISPs",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
18
]
} | {
"text": [
"Internet service providers that provide service free of charge"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
75
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
3
],
"end": [
11
]
}
]
} | [
"Internet service providers that provide service free of charge"
] |
SQuAD | Free ISPs are Internet service providers that provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the user's attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, sometimes called freenets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usual... | {
"tokens": [
"Free",
"ISPs",
"are",
"Internet",
"service",
"providers",
"that",
"provide",
"service",
"free",
"of",
"charge",
".",
"Many",
"free",
"ISPs",
"display",
"advertisements",
"while",
"the",
"user",
"is",
"connected"... | a88298eccd6d4a668484a79246314e39 | What do free ISPs display in exchange for service? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"do",
"free",
"ISPs",
"display",
"in",
"exchange",
"for",
"service",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
13,
18,
26,
29,
38,
42,
49
]
} | {
"text": [
"advertisements"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
101
],
"end": [
114
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
17
],
"end": [
17
]
}
]
} | [
"advertisements"
] |
SQuAD | Free ISPs are Internet service providers that provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the user's attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, sometimes called freenets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usual... | {
"tokens": [
"Free",
"ISPs",
"are",
"Internet",
"service",
"providers",
"that",
"provide",
"service",
"free",
"of",
"charge",
".",
"Many",
"free",
"ISPs",
"display",
"advertisements",
"while",
"the",
"user",
"is",
"connected"... | c2cf635a161f4faf814bb636011ebc3d | What are free ISPs similar to? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"are",
"free",
"ISPs",
"similar",
"to",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
19,
27,
29
]
} | {
"text": [
"commercial television"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
150
],
"end": [
170
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
25
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"commercial television"
] |
SQuAD | Free ISPs are Internet service providers that provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the user's attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, sometimes called freenets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usual... | {
"tokens": [
"Free",
"ISPs",
"are",
"Internet",
"service",
"providers",
"that",
"provide",
"service",
"free",
"of",
"charge",
".",
"Many",
"free",
"ISPs",
"display",
"advertisements",
"while",
"the",
"user",
"is",
"connected"... | ace04fa44ee54bd2b27b52906cae0573 | How are freenets run? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"are",
"freenets",
"run",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
17,
20
]
} | {
"text": [
"on a nonprofit basis"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
293
],
"end": [
312
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
55
]
}
]
} | [
"on a nonprofit basis"
] |
SQuAD | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | {
"tokens": [
"ISPs",
"may",
"engage",
"in",
"peering",
",",
"where",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"interconnect",
"at",
"peering",
"points",
"or",
"Internet",
"exchange",
"points",
"(",
"IXs",
")",
",",
"allowing",
"routing",
"of"... | 55486a574dfe477abe25c0dc62931f71 | What is peering? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"peering",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
15
]
} | {
"text": [
"multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
34
],
"end": [
105
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
7
],
"end": [
16
]
}
]
} | [
"multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points"
] |
SQuAD | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | {
"tokens": [
"ISPs",
"may",
"engage",
"in",
"peering",
",",
"where",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"interconnect",
"at",
"peering",
"points",
"or",
"Internet",
"exchange",
"points",
"(",
"IXs",
")",
",",
"allowing",
"routing",
"of"... | 1a43518496db433786a60ada2f1f393d | What does peering allow? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"does",
"peering",
"allow",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
18,
23
]
} | {
"text": [
"routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
123
],
"end": [
213
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
36
]... | [
"routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted"
] |
SQuAD | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | {
"tokens": [
"ISPs",
"may",
"engage",
"in",
"peering",
",",
"where",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"interconnect",
"at",
"peering",
"points",
"or",
"Internet",
"exchange",
"points",
"(",
"IXs",
")",
",",
"allowing",
"routing",
"of"... | b95878ffcf964eecac4680990ff14d16 | Why is peering used? | {
"tokens": [
"Why",
"is",
"peering",
"used",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
15,
19
]
} | {
"text": [
"data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream ISP"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
215
],
"end": [
321
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
38
],
"end": [
... | [
"data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream ISP"
] |
SQuAD | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | {
"tokens": [
"ISPs",
"may",
"engage",
"in",
"peering",
",",
"where",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"interconnect",
"at",
"peering",
"points",
"or",
"Internet",
"exchange",
"points",
"(",
"IXs",
")",
",",
"allowing",
"routing",
"of"... | 0647e7e0bd6e4fdfa427eba4a132404a | What are IXs? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"are",
"IXs",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
12
]
} | {
"text": [
"Internet exchange points"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
82
],
"end": [
105
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
16
]
}
]
} | [
"Internet exchange points"
] |
SQuAD | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | {
"tokens": [
"ISPs",
"may",
"engage",
"in",
"peering",
",",
"where",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"interconnect",
"at",
"peering",
"points",
"or",
"Internet",
"exchange",
"points",
"(",
"IXs",
")",
",",
"allowing",
"routing",
"of"... | 4b6b36d9d36442fb9f13b38356032994 | Where do multiple ISPs connect? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"do",
"multiple",
"ISPs",
"connect",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
9,
18,
23,
30
]
} | {
"text": [
"peering points or Internet exchange points"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
64
],
"end": [
105
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
11
],
"end": [
16
]
}
]
} | [
"peering points or Internet exchange points"
] |
SQuAD | For customers with more demanding requirements (such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs) can use higher-speed DSL (such as single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line), Ethernet, metropolitan Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN Primary Rate Interface, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and synchron... | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"customers",
"with",
"more",
"demanding",
"requirements",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"medium",
"-",
"to",
"-",
"large",
"businesses",
",",
"or",
"other",
"ISPs",
")",
"can",
"use",
"higher",
"-",
"speed",
... | b47698bd25d8499c86d5eb57ddb8340d | What type of customers would typically have more demanding requirements? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"type",
"of",
"customers",
"would",
"typically",
"have",
"more",
"demanding",
"requirements",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
23,
29,
39,
44,
49,
59,
71
]
} | {
"text": [
"medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
56
],
"end": [
96
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
9
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs"
] |
SQuAD | For customers with more demanding requirements (such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs) can use higher-speed DSL (such as single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line), Ethernet, metropolitan Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN Primary Rate Interface, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and synchron... | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"customers",
"with",
"more",
"demanding",
"requirements",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"medium",
"-",
"to",
"-",
"large",
"businesses",
",",
"or",
"other",
"ISPs",
")",
"can",
"use",
"higher",
"-",
"speed",
... | 1e6523cbd48d43099462b2541b718967 | what does atm stand for in relation to internet providers? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"does",
"atm",
"stand",
"for",
"in",
"relation",
"to",
"internet",
"providers",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
20,
24,
27,
36,
39,
48,
57
]
} | {
"text": [
"Asynchronous Transfer Mode"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
280
],
"end": [
305
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
58
],
"end": [
60
]
}
]
} | [
"Asynchronous Transfer Mode"
] |
SQuAD | For customers with more demanding requirements (such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs) can use higher-speed DSL (such as single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line), Ethernet, metropolitan Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN Primary Rate Interface, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and synchron... | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"customers",
"with",
"more",
"demanding",
"requirements",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"medium",
"-",
"to",
"-",
"large",
"businesses",
",",
"or",
"other",
"ISPs",
")",
"can",
"use",
"higher",
"-",
"speed",
... | 1b3eb5f08d3c4f9c9595e21568bfaa0b | what is high-speed dsl used for? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"is",
"high",
"-",
"speed",
"dsl",
"used",
"for",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
13,
19,
23,
28,
31
]
} | {
"text": [
"customers with more demanding requirements"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
45
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
5
]
}
]
} | [
"customers with more demanding requirements"
] |
SQuAD | For customers with more demanding requirements (such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs) can use higher-speed DSL (such as single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line), Ethernet, metropolitan Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN Primary Rate Interface, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and synchron... | {
"tokens": [
"For",
"customers",
"with",
"more",
"demanding",
"requirements",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"medium",
"-",
"to",
"-",
"large",
"businesses",
",",
"or",
"other",
"ISPs",
")",
"can",
"use",
"higher",
"-",
"speed",
... | edfa9370b3d64ee599e4b3dbba9d8412 | what is SONET? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"is",
"SONET",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
13
]
} | {
"text": [
"synchronous optical networking"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
312
],
"end": [
341
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
63
],
"end": [
65
]
}
]
} | [
"synchronous optical networking"
] |
SQuAD | In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1989",
",",
"the",
"first",
"ISPs",
"were",
"established",
"in",
"Australia",
"and",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"In",
"Brookline",
",",
"Massachusetts",
",",
"The",
"World",
"became",
"the",
"... | 7dbe29d193a04cada868da2bfc60e55f | Where were the first isps established? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"were",
"the",
"first",
"isps",
"established",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
15,
21,
26,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"Australia and the United States"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
44
],
"end": [
74
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
9
],
"end": [
13
]
}
]
} | [
"Australia and the United States"
] |
SQuAD | In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1989",
",",
"the",
"first",
"ISPs",
"were",
"established",
"in",
"Australia",
"and",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"In",
"Brookline",
",",
"Massachusetts",
",",
"The",
"World",
"became",
"the",
"... | 4290f005cf7d466ba07f4eef6534ad3d | where was the first commercial isp in the us located? | {
"tokens": [
"where",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"commercial",
"isp",
"in",
"the",
"us",
"located",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
14,
20,
31,
35,
38,
42,
45,
52
]
} | {
"text": [
"Brookline, Massachusetts"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
80
],
"end": [
103
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
16
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"Brookline, Massachusetts"
] |
SQuAD | In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1989",
",",
"the",
"first",
"ISPs",
"were",
"established",
"in",
"Australia",
"and",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"In",
"Brookline",
",",
"Massachusetts",
",",
"The",
"World",
"became",
"the",
"... | 97b11e65295f404dafe68c67f8035e10 | when was the first commercial isp customer served? | {
"tokens": [
"when",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"commercial",
"isp",
"customer",
"served",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
19,
30,
34,
43,
49
]
} | {
"text": [
"November 1989"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
192
],
"end": [
204
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
37
],
"end": [
38
]
}
]
} | [
"November 1989"
] |
SQuAD | In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1989",
",",
"the",
"first",
"ISPs",
"were",
"established",
"in",
"Australia",
"and",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"In",
"Brookline",
",",
"Massachusetts",
",",
"The",
"World",
"became",
"the",
"... | c659d1b6b4e5416085ca2f6bd6fa8cf9 | when were the first commercial isps established? | {
"tokens": [
"when",
"were",
"the",
"first",
"commercial",
"isps",
"established",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
20,
31,
36,
47
]
} | {
"text": [
"1989"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
3
],
"end": [
6
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
1
]
}
]
} | [
"1989"
] |
SQuAD | In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1989",
",",
"the",
"first",
"ISPs",
"were",
"established",
"in",
"Australia",
"and",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"In",
"Brookline",
",",
"Massachusetts",
",",
"The",
"World",
"became",
"the",
"... | 21c64b135db14d82a55da7a5fd3ccbd3 | what was the name of the first commercial isp in the us? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"was",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"the",
"first",
"commercial",
"isp",
"in",
"the",
"us",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
18,
21,
25,
31,
42,
46,
49,
53,
55
]
} | {
"text": [
"The World"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
106
],
"end": [
114
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
20
],
"end": [
21
]
}
]
} | [
"The World"
] |
SQuAD | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on t... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"AEA",
"'s",
"work",
"progressed",
"to",
"heavier",
"-",
"than",
"-",
"air",
"machines",
",",
"applying",
"their",
"knowledge",
"of",
"kites",
"to",
"gliders",
".",
"Moving",
"to",
"Hammondsport",
... | dc14807c9bd8493d93825b7dd52e535a | What did the AEA work on after kites? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"the",
"AEA",
"work",
"on",
"after",
"kites",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
17,
22,
25,
31,
36
]
} | {
"text": [
"gliders"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
93
],
"end": [
99
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
19
],
"end": [
19
]
}
]
} | [
"gliders"
] |
SQuAD | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on t... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"AEA",
"'s",
"work",
"progressed",
"to",
"heavier",
"-",
"than",
"-",
"air",
"machines",
",",
"applying",
"their",
"knowledge",
"of",
"kites",
"to",
"gliders",
".",
"Moving",
"to",
"Hammondsport",
... | 5446d758f1d84fbeada54df582da2fbd | What material was the Red Wing's frame made of? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"material",
"was",
"the",
"Red",
"Wing",
"'s",
"frame",
"made",
"of",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
18,
22,
26,
30,
33,
39,
44,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"bamboo"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
184
],
"end": [
189
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
37
],
"end": [
37
]
}
]
} | [
"bamboo"
] |
SQuAD | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on t... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"AEA",
"'s",
"work",
"progressed",
"to",
"heavier",
"-",
"than",
"-",
"air",
"machines",
",",
"applying",
"their",
"knowledge",
"of",
"kites",
"to",
"gliders",
".",
"Moving",
"to",
"Hammondsport",
... | 45d08ea4391f42d497b1f757a2281b54 | What kind of plane was the Red Wing? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"kind",
"of",
"plane",
"was",
"the",
"Red",
"Wing",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
19,
23,
27,
31,
35
]
} | {
"text": [
"biplane"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
297
],
"end": [
303
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
64
],
"end": [
64
]
}
]
} | [
"biplane"
] |
SQuAD | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on t... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"AEA",
"'s",
"work",
"progressed",
"to",
"heavier",
"-",
"than",
"-",
"air",
"machines",
",",
"applying",
"their",
"knowledge",
"of",
"kites",
"to",
"gliders",
".",
"Moving",
"to",
"Hammondsport",
... | 64ee1f977dc34ddd9b68ce29fb61124b | How many accident-free flights had the AEA taken by 1909? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"accident",
"-",
"free",
"flights",
"had",
"the",
"AEA",
"taken",
"by",
"1909",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
18,
23,
31,
35,
39,
43,
49,
52,
56
]
} | {
"text": [
"150"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
760
],
"end": [
762
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
159
],
"end": [
159
]
}
]
} | [
"150"
] |
SQuAD | The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on t... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"AEA",
"'s",
"work",
"progressed",
"to",
"heavier",
"-",
"than",
"-",
"air",
"machines",
",",
"applying",
"their",
"knowledge",
"of",
"kites",
"to",
"gliders",
".",
"Moving",
"to",
"Hammondsport",
... | 149c18595dbf435e89336056e08c46ca | Who was the first person to die in a plane crash? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"person",
"to",
"die",
"in",
"a",
"plane",
"crash",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
8,
12,
18,
25,
28,
32,
35,
37,
43,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"Selfridge"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
946
],
"end": [
954
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
194
],
"end": [
194
]
}
]
} | [
"Selfridge"
] |
SQuAD | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"March",
"1906",
"Scientific",
"American",
"article",
"by",
"American",
"pioneer",
"William",
"E.",
"Meacham",
"explained",
"the",
"basic",
"principle",
"of",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
".",
"Bell",
... | 50696db7a06642b28d3e0d2ae1c13560 | Who wrote the paper laying out hydrofoils and hydroplanes? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"wrote",
"the",
"paper",
"laying",
"out",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
14,
20,
27,
31,
42,
46,
57
]
} | {
"text": [
"William E. Meacham"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
63
],
"end": [
80
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
9
],
"end": [
11
]
}
]
} | [
"William E. Meacham"
] |
SQuAD | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"March",
"1906",
"Scientific",
"American",
"article",
"by",
"American",
"pioneer",
"William",
"E.",
"Meacham",
"explained",
"the",
"basic",
"principle",
"of",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
".",
"Bell",
... | 3fb008af5b2d43adadb91b8e593f867d | What nationality was Meacham? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"nationality",
"was",
"Meacham",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
17,
21,
28
]
} | {
"text": [
"American"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
26
],
"end": [
33
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
4
]
}
]
} | [
"American"
] |
SQuAD | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"March",
"1906",
"Scientific",
"American",
"article",
"by",
"American",
"pioneer",
"William",
"E.",
"Meacham",
"explained",
"the",
"basic",
"principle",
"of",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
".",
"Bell",
... | 0080baaa72ca4f33aaea97cce7d70c9a | What did Bell start drawing after reading the article? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"Bell",
"start",
"drawing",
"after",
"reading",
"the",
"article",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
20,
28,
34,
42,
46,
53
]
} | {
"text": [
"hydrofoil boat"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
324
],
"end": [
337
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
52
],
"end": [
53
]
}
]
} | [
"hydrofoil boat"
] |
SQuAD | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"March",
"1906",
"Scientific",
"American",
"article",
"by",
"American",
"pioneer",
"William",
"E.",
"Meacham",
"explained",
"the",
"basic",
"principle",
"of",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
".",
"Bell",
... | 447eeddbbae24921842e4d3057f6965e | Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908? | {
"tokens": [
"Who",
"helped",
"Bell",
"investigate",
"hydrofoils",
"in",
"1908",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
16,
28,
39,
42,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"Frederick W. \"Casey\" Baldwin"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
359
],
"end": [
386
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
58
],
"end": [
63
]
}
]
} | [
"Frederick W. \"Casey\" Baldwin"
] |
SQuAD | The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane as a very significant achievement. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now calle... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"March",
"1906",
"Scientific",
"American",
"article",
"by",
"American",
"pioneer",
"William",
"E.",
"Meacham",
"explained",
"the",
"basic",
"principle",
"of",
"hydrofoils",
"and",
"hydroplanes",
".",
"Bell",
... | 97ab3fc9cbe34d1ca2b0adc2ff4a5ae0 | Which Italian scientist did Baldwin draw inspiration from? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"Italian",
"scientist",
"did",
"Baldwin",
"draw",
"inspiration",
"from",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
14,
24,
28,
36,
41,
53,
57
]
} | {
"text": [
"Enrico Forlanini"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
541
],
"end": [
556
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
90
],
"end": [
91
]
}
]
} | [
"Enrico Forlanini"
] |
SQuAD | In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with mor... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
",",
"a",
"single",
"connection",
"is",
"established",
"to",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"and",
"is",
"used",
"to",
"transmit",
"data",
"to",
"or",
"from",
"areas",
"of",
... | 22c94a136dd847fab769bf315c5e1e36 | What is the simplest case of an ISP using an upstream ISP? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
"of",
"an",
"ISP",
"using",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
21,
26,
29,
32,
36,
42,
45,
54,
57
]
} | {
"text": [
"transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
91
],
"end": [
160
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
18
],
"end": [
30
]
}
]
} | [
"transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network"
] |
SQuAD | In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with mor... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
",",
"a",
"single",
"connection",
"is",
"established",
"to",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"and",
"is",
"used",
"to",
"transmit",
"data",
"to",
"or",
"from",
"areas",
"of",
... | 06121295299b4c17a2fad1a2772161cc | what do transit ISPs provide? | {
"tokens": [
"what",
"do",
"transit",
"ISPs",
"provide",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
16,
21,
28
]
} | {
"text": [
"large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
573
],
"end": [
642
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
110
],
"end": [
120
]
}
]
} | [
"large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs"
] |
SQuAD | In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with mor... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
",",
"a",
"single",
"connection",
"is",
"established",
"to",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"and",
"is",
"used",
"to",
"transmit",
"data",
"to",
"or",
"from",
"areas",
"of",
... | 68b31f923639498ea690ef41c455bfac | A mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching what? | {
"tokens": [
"A",
"mode",
"of",
"interconnection",
"is",
"often",
"cascaded",
"multiple",
"times",
"until",
"reaching",
"what",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
2,
7,
10,
26,
29,
35,
44,
53,
59,
65,
74,
78
]
} | {
"text": [
"a tier 1 carrier"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
240
],
"end": [
255
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
43
],
"end": [
46
]
}
]
} | [
"a tier 1 carrier"
] |
SQuAD | In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with mor... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
",",
"a",
"single",
"connection",
"is",
"established",
"to",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"and",
"is",
"used",
"to",
"transmit",
"data",
"to",
"or",
"from",
"areas",
"of",
... | 0dcbc5fcf52e4c13bb02905f4982b05d | What is a PoP? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"a",
"PoP",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
10,
13
]
} | {
"text": [
"point of presence"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
331
],
"end": [
347
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
63
],
"end": [
65
]
}
]
} | [
"point of presence"
] |
SQuAD | In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with mor... | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"the",
"simplest",
"case",
",",
"a",
"single",
"connection",
"is",
"established",
"to",
"an",
"upstream",
"ISP",
"and",
"is",
"used",
"to",
"transmit",
"data",
"to",
"or",
"from",
"areas",
"of",
... | 163bcaaba8b740ca8ae34c277a0623d7 | What provides bandwidth for the connecting of hosting ISPs and access ISPs? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"provides",
"bandwidth",
"for",
"the",
"connecting",
"of",
"hosting",
"ISPs",
"and",
"access",
"ISPs",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
14,
24,
28,
32,
43,
46,
54,
59,
63,
70,
74
]
} | {
"text": [
"Transit ISPs"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
552
],
"end": [
563
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
107
],
"end": [
108
]
}
]
} | [
"Transit ISPs"
] |
SQuAD | The 150th anniversary of Bell's birth in 1997 was marked by a special issue of commemorative £1 banknotes from the Royal Bank of Scotland. The illustrations on the reverse of the note include Bell's face in profile, his signature, and objects from Bell's life and career: users of the telephone over the ages; an audio w... | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"150th",
"anniversary",
"of",
"Bell",
"'s",
"birth",
"in",
"1997",
"was",
"marked",
"by",
"a",
"special",
"issue",
"of",
"commemorative",
"£",
"1",
"banknotes",
"from",
"the",
"Royal",
"Bank",
"of"... | 2bac65f4bc8f491aa2f2dc522ad61530 | What bird is depicted on the Scottish banknote? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"bird",
"is",
"depicted",
"on",
"the",
"Scottish",
"banknote",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
22,
25,
29,
38,
46
]
} | {
"text": [
"geese"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
477
],
"end": [
481
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
90
],
"end": [
90
]
}
]
} | [
"geese"
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.