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SQuAD
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
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How often are European serialized comics in magazines?
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{ "text": [ "monthly or weekly" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 236 ], "end": [ 252 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 36 ], "end": [ 38 ] } ] }
[ "monthly or weekly" ]
SQuAD
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
{ "tokens": [ "Specialized", "comics", "periodicals", "formats", "vary", "greatly", "in", "different", "cultures", ".", "Comic", "books", ",", "primarily", "an", "American", "format", ",", "are", "thin", "periodicals", "usually", ...
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How often do serialized comics typically appear in Japanese magazines?
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{ "text": [ "weekly" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 247 ], "end": [ 252 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 38 ], "end": [ 38 ] } ] }
[ "weekly" ]
SQuAD
Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe, and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan. Japane...
{ "tokens": [ "Specialized", "comics", "periodicals", "formats", "vary", "greatly", "in", "different", "cultures", ".", "Comic", "books", ",", "primarily", "an", "American", "format", ",", "are", "thin", "periodicals", "usually", ...
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How long is the typical Japanese comic magazine?
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{ "text": [ "hundreds of pages" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 356 ], "end": [ 372 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 62 ] } ] }
[ "hundreds of pages" ]
SQuAD
Between 1791 and 1833, Saint Helena became the site of a series of experiments in conservation, reforestation and attempts to boost rainfall artificially. This environmental intervention was closely linked to the conceptualisation of the processes of environmental change and helped establish the roots of environmentali...
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The roots of what were established on Saint Helena?
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{ "text": [ "environmentalism" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 306 ], "end": [ 321 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 47 ], "end": [ 47 ] } ] }
[ "environmentalism" ]
SQuAD
Between 1791 and 1833, Saint Helena became the site of a series of experiments in conservation, reforestation and attempts to boost rainfall artificially. This environmental intervention was closely linked to the conceptualisation of the processes of environmental change and helped establish the roots of environmentali...
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What did scientists attempt to boost artificially on Saint Helena?
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{ "text": [ "rainfall" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 132 ], "end": [ 139 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 23 ], "end": [ 23 ] } ] }
[ "rainfall" ]
SQuAD
Between 1791 and 1833, Saint Helena became the site of a series of experiments in conservation, reforestation and attempts to boost rainfall artificially. This environmental intervention was closely linked to the conceptualisation of the processes of environmental change and helped establish the roots of environmentali...
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The environmental intervention was linked to the conceptualization of what process?
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{ "text": [ "environmental change" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 251 ], "end": [ 270 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 39 ], "end": [ 40 ] } ] }
[ "environmental change" ]
SQuAD
The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
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Who is best known for being the first comics creator in Europe?
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{ "text": [ "Rodolphe Töpffer" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 150 ], "end": [ 165 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 25 ] } ] }
[ "Rodolphe Töpffer" ]
SQuAD
The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
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Who is considered to be the first comic creator in America?
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{ "text": [ "Richard F. Outcault" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 237 ], "end": [ 255 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 40 ], "end": [ 42 ] } ] }
[ "Richard F. Outcault" ]
SQuAD
The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
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When did Outcault's The Yellow Kid appear in newspapers?
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{ "text": [ "1890s" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 259 ], "end": [ 263 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 44 ], "end": [ 44 ] } ] }
[ "1890s" ]
SQuAD
The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
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What style of comics did Japan have a long history with prior to World War II?
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{ "text": [ "satirical" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 395 ], "end": [ 403 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 68 ], "end": [ 68 ] } ] }
[ "satirical" ]
SQuAD
The popularity of superhero comic books declined following World War II, while comic book sales continued to increase as other genres proliferated, such as romance, westerns, crime, horror, and humour. Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to...
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Which genre of comic books had parents concerned?
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{ "text": [ "crime and horror" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 286 ], "end": [ 301 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 53 ], "end": [ 55 ] } ] }
[ "crime and horror" ]
SQuAD
The popularity of superhero comic books declined following World War II, while comic book sales continued to increase as other genres proliferated, such as romance, westerns, crime, horror, and humour. Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to...
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Which group was created after a Senate hearing on comic books content?
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{ "text": [ "Comics Code Authority" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 447 ], "end": [ 467 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 80 ], "end": [ 82 ] } ] }
[ "Comics Code Authority" ]
SQuAD
The popularity of superhero comic books declined following World War II, while comic book sales continued to increase as other genres proliferated, such as romance, westerns, crime, horror, and humour. Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to...
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When did super heroes become popular again in comic books?
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{ "text": [ "1960s" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 741 ], "end": [ 745 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 132 ], "end": [ 132 ] } ] }
[ "1960s" ]
SQuAD
The popularity of superhero comic books declined following World War II, while comic book sales continued to increase as other genres proliferated, such as romance, westerns, crime, horror, and humour. Following a sales peak in the early 1950s, the content of comic books (particularly crime and horror) was subjected to...
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When did the alternative comics movement begin?
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{ "text": [ "1980s" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 938 ], "end": [ 942 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 165 ], "end": [ 165 ] } ] }
[ "1980s" ]
SQuAD
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
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What does bandes dessinées mean?
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{ "text": [ "drawn strips" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 53 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 10 ], "end": [ 11 ] } ] }
[ "drawn strips" ]
SQuAD
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
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What year did Pilote begin?
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{ "text": [ "1959" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 357 ], "end": [ 360 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 69 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ] }
[ "1959" ]
SQuAD
In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U...
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What became a best-seller comic in the French language?
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{ "text": [ "Adventures of Asterix" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 437 ], "end": [ 457 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 84 ], "end": [ 86 ] } ] }
[ "Adventures of Asterix" ]
SQuAD
Text is frequently incorporated into comics via speech balloons, captions, and sound effects. Speech balloons indicate dialogue (or thought, in the case of thought balloons), with tails pointing at their respective speakers. Captions can give voice to a narrator, convey characters' dialogue or thoughts, or indicate pla...
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What association with comics is strong?
{ "tokens": [ "What", "association", "with", "comics", "is", "strong", "?" ], "offsets": [ 0, 5, 17, 22, 29, 32, 38 ] }
{ "text": [ "Speech balloons" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 94 ], "end": [ 108 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 16 ], "end": [ 17 ] } ] }
[ "Speech balloons" ]
SQuAD
Text is frequently incorporated into comics via speech balloons, captions, and sound effects. Speech balloons indicate dialogue (or thought, in the case of thought balloons), with tails pointing at their respective speakers. Captions can give voice to a narrator, convey characters' dialogue or thoughts, or indicate pla...
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The presence of a single speech balloon in an image turns it into what?
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{ "text": [ "comics" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 42 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 5 ], "end": [ 5 ] } ] }
[ "comics" ]
SQuAD
Text is frequently incorporated into comics via speech balloons, captions, and sound effects. Speech balloons indicate dialogue (or thought, in the case of thought balloons), with tails pointing at their respective speakers. Captions can give voice to a narrator, convey characters' dialogue or thoughts, or indicate pla...
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What type of words are used to do sound effects in comics?
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{ "text": [ "onomatopoeia" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 536 ], "end": [ 547 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 97 ], "end": [ 97 ] } ] }
[ "onomatopoeia" ]
SQuAD
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...
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What did the English East India Company have difficulty attracting?
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{ "text": [ "new immigrants" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 206 ], "end": [ 219 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 31 ], "end": [ 32 ] } ] }
[ "new immigrants" ]
SQuAD
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...
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What problems lead to a suggesting to relocate the population?
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{ "text": [ "Ecological problems" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 293 ], "end": [ 311 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 45 ], "end": [ 46 ] } ] }
[ "Ecological problems" ]
SQuAD
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...
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What was the name of the governor who suggested relocating the population of Saint Helena?
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{ "text": [ "Isaac Pyke" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 386 ], "end": [ 395 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 61 ] } ] }
[ "Isaac Pyke" ]
SQuAD
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...
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What was the location that was suggested the population be moved too?
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{ "text": [ "Mauritius" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 448 ], "end": [ 456 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 72 ], "end": [ 72 ] } ] }
[ "Mauritius" ]
SQuAD
Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...
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How many slaves were on the island in 1723?
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SQuAD
In 1840, a British naval station established to suppress the African slave trade was based on the island, and between 1840 and 1849 over 15,000 freed slaves, known as "Liberated Africans", were landed there.
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Who established a naval station to cut down on African slave trade on the island in 1840?
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[ "British" ]
SQuAD
In 1840, a British naval station established to suppress the African slave trade was based on the island, and between 1840 and 1849 over 15,000 freed slaves, known as "Liberated Africans", were landed there.
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Between 1840 and 1849 how many freed slaves landed on the island?
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[ "over 15,000" ]
SQuAD
In 1840, a British naval station established to suppress the African slave trade was based on the island, and between 1840 and 1849 over 15,000 freed slaves, known as "Liberated Africans", were landed there.
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What were the freed slaves known as?
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[ "Liberated Africans" ]
SQuAD
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
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The word comic comes from the humorous pieces found where?
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[ "newspaper comic strips" ]
SQuAD
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
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Comic is used for what other kind of work other than humorous works?
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[ "non-humorous" ]
SQuAD
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
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Comic books are what type of books?
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{ "text": [ "periodicals" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 329 ], "end": [ 339 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 66 ], "end": [ 66 ] } ] }
[ "periodicals" ]
SQuAD
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
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What is the term that the English use for the comics out of Japan?
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{ "text": [ "manga" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 466 ], "end": [ 470 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 92 ], "end": [ 92 ] } ] }
[ "manga" ]
SQuAD
The English term comics derives from the humorous (or "comic") work which predominated in early American newspaper comic strips; usage of the term has become standard for non-humorous works as well. The term "comic book" has a similarly confusing history: they are most often not humorous; nor are they regular books, bu...
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What is the term that the English use for the comics that come out of Belgian?
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{ "text": [ "bandes dessinées" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 496 ], "end": [ 511 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 98 ], "end": [ 99 ] } ] }
[ "bandes dessinées" ]
SQuAD
Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.
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Which product of Saint Helena was praised by Napoleon?
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[ "coffee" ]
SQuAD
Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.
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Where did Saint Helena's coffee get popular after Napoleon's death?
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{ "text": [ "Paris" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 126 ], "end": [ 130 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 24 ] } ] }
[ "Paris" ]
SQuAD
Owing to Napoleon's praise of Saint Helena’s coffee during his exile on the island, the product enjoyed a brief popularity in Paris in the years after his death.
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What product got popular in Paris after Napoloen's death?
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[ "coffee" ]
SQuAD
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, a...
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What would the absence of net neutrality permit?
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{ "text": [ "ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 126 ], "end": [ 187 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 34 ] } ] }
[ "ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content" ]
SQuAD
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, a...
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what may possibly be a solution to net neutrality concerns?
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{ "text": [ "municipal broadband" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 298 ], "end": [ 316 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 53 ], "end": [ 54 ] } ] }
[ "municipal broadband" ]
SQuAD
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, a...
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how did president obama recommend to classify the internet?
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{ "text": [ "a telecommunications service" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 788 ], "end": [ 815 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 134 ], "end": [ 136 ] } ] }
[ "a telecommunications service" ]
SQuAD
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, a...
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what did the fcc choose to apply to the internet?
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{ "text": [ "Title II (common carrier)" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 1240 ], "end": [ 1264 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 213 ], "end": [ 218 ] } ] }
[ "Title II (common carrier)" ]
SQuAD
On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, a...
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what would the internet be classified as based on title ii?
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{ "text": [ "telecommunications" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 790 ], "end": [ 807 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 135 ], "end": [ 135 ] } ] }
[ "telecommunications" ]
SQuAD
After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape...
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Who took full control of the island after Napoleon's death?
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[ "East India Company" ]
SQuAD
After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape...
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The EIC made what available to the government of the island between 1815 and 1830?
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[ "the packet schooner St Helena" ]
SQuAD
After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena. Between 1815 and 1830, the EIC made available to the government of the island the packet schooner St Helena, which made multiple trips per year between the island and the Cape...
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The packet schooner St Helena brought supplies of what to the island?
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{ "text": [ "wine and provisions" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 368 ], "end": [ 386 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 66 ], "end": [ 68 ] } ] }
[ "wine and provisions" ]
SQuAD
The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.
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Who claimed Saint Helena in 1633?
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{ "text": [ "The Dutch Republic" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 17 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 2 ] } ] }
[ "The Dutch Republic" ]
SQuAD
The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.
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What year did the Dutch abandon the island?
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{ "text": [ "1651" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 149 ], "end": [ 152 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 28 ], "end": [ 28 ] } ] }
[ "1651" ]
SQuAD
The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it. By 1651, the Dutch had mainly abandoned the island in favour of their colony at the Cape of Good Hope.
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Which colony did the Dutch abandon the island for?
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{ "text": [ "Cape of Good Hope." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 230 ], "end": [ 247 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 44 ], "end": [ 48 ] } ] }
[ "Cape of Good Hope." ]
SQuAD
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
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Where did gag cartoons first make an appearance?
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{ "text": [ "Europe" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 377 ], "end": [ 382 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 63 ], "end": [ 63 ] } ] }
[ "Europe" ]
SQuAD
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
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When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons?
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{ "text": [ "1843" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 477 ], "end": [ 480 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 84 ], "end": [ 84 ] } ] }
[ "1843" ]
SQuAD
Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon...
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In which publication was cartoon first used to describe gag single-panel illustrations?
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{ "text": [ "Punch" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 513 ], "end": [ 517 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 90 ], "end": [ 90 ] } ] }
[ "Punch" ]
SQuAD
Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Ove...
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What is Saint Helena tropical island named after?
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{ "text": [ "Saint Helena of Constantinople" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 509 ], "end": [ 538 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 107 ], "end": [ 110 ] } ] }
[ "Saint Helena of Constantinople" ]
SQuAD
Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Ove...
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What ocean is Saint Helena located in?
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[ "South Atlantic Ocean" ]
SQuAD
Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Ove...
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What is the population of Saint Helena?
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[ "4,255" ]
SQuAD
Saint Helena (/ˌseɪnt həˈliːnə/ SAYNT-hə-LEE-nə) is a volcanic tropical island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) east of Rio de Janeiro and 1,950 kilometres (1,210 mi) west of the Cunene River, which marks the border between Namibia and Angola in southwestern Africa. It is part of the British Ove...
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How big is Saint Helena tropical Island?
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{ "text": [ "16 by 8 kilometres" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 413 ], "end": [ 430 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 82 ], "end": [ 85 ] } ] }
[ "16 by 8 kilometres" ]
SQuAD
There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Islan...
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How close are the rockets and islets off the coast?
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{ "text": [ "one kilometre" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 475 ], "end": [ 487 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 109 ], "end": [ 110 ] } ] }
[ "one kilometre" ]
SQuAD
There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Islan...
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Which direction from the island is Upper Black Rock located?
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[ "South" ]
SQuAD
There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Islan...
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Which direction from the island is Bird Island located?
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{ "text": [ "Southwest" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 158 ], "end": [ 166 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 35 ], "end": [ 35 ] } ] }
[ "Southwest" ]
SQuAD
There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Islan...
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cef70ae31bb9480990a8f5d69e3aedcb
Which direction from the island is Lighter Rock located?
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{ "text": [ "West" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 263 ], "end": [ 266 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 59 ], "end": [ 59 ] } ] }
[ "West" ]
SQuAD
There are several rocks and islets off the coast, including: Castle Rock, Speery Island, the Needle, Lower Black Rock, Upper Black Rock (South), Bird Island (Southwest), Black Rock, Thompson's Valley Island, Peaked Island, Egg Island, Lady's Chair, Lighter Rock (West), Long Ledge (Northwest), Shore Island, George Islan...
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a295e0562b66403f89fb1ce01c58d6f1
Which direction from the island is Frightus Rock located?
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{ "text": [ "Southeast" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 439 ], "end": [ 447 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 101 ], "end": [ 101 ] } ] }
[ "Southeast" ]
SQuAD
From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena.
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400a918360df49dbae2fb3dbd2fb61c4
What year did the Union Castle shipping line slowly start to reduce their service calls to the island?
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[ "1958" ]
SQuAD
From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena.
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46cdfb7a86da4c3c9cc25c5de2912b6c
Which shipping company replaced Union-Castle Line mailship service?
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[ "Curnow Shipping" ]
SQuAD
From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena.
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What year was Union-Castle Line mailship replaced?
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[ "1977" ]
SQuAD
In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon d...
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b8c27b7086fb41eaa7d9b68a9a61cb14
The British government detained who in Saint Helena?
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{ "text": [ "Napoleon Bonaparte" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 83 ], "end": [ 100 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 15 ], "end": [ 16 ] } ] }
[ "Napoleon Bonaparte" ]
SQuAD
In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon d...
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3ae979dc6f4c49b0910a22349dade182
What year was Napoleon Bonaparte taken to the island?
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{ "text": [ "1815" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 3 ], "end": [ 6 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 1 ] } ] }
[ "1815" ]
SQuAD
In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon d...
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c72ba91cbc704999a3e65a8893e581b8
Where did Napoleon Bonaparte stay until he found permanent residence?
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{ "text": [ "Briars pavilion" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 170 ], "end": [ 184 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 32 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "Briars pavilion" ]
SQuAD
In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon d...
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What ended up being the permanent residence of Napoleon Bonaparte?
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{ "text": [ "Longwood House" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 262 ], "end": [ 275 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 49 ] } ] }
[ "Longwood House" ]
SQuAD
In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon d...
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What year did Napoleon Bonaparte pass away?
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{ "text": [ "1821" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 339 ], "end": [ 342 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 63 ], "end": [ 63 ] } ] }
[ "1821" ]
SQuAD
Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.
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What communion do most residents of the island belong to?
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{ "text": [ "Anglican" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 29 ], "end": [ 36 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 5 ], "end": [ 5 ] } ] }
[ "Anglican" ]
SQuAD
Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.
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When was the 150th anniversary of the diocese celebrated?
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{ "text": [ "June 2009" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 204 ], "end": [ 212 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 36 ], "end": [ 37 ] } ] }
[ "June 2009" ]
SQuAD
Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.
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Not only are most residents of the island members of the Anglican communion, but what else?
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{ "text": [ "the Diocese of St Helena" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 67 ], "end": [ 90 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "the Diocese of St Helena" ]
SQuAD
Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.
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The Diocese of Saint Helena has it's own what?
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[ "bishop" ]
SQuAD
The Portuguese found the island uninhabited, with an abundance of trees and fresh water. They imported livestock, fruit trees and vegetables, and built a chapel and one or two houses. Though they formed no permanent settlement, the island was an important rendezvous point and source of food for ships travelling from As...
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What did the island have an abundance of when discovered?
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{ "text": [ "trees and fresh water." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 66 ], "end": [ 87 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "trees and fresh water." ]
SQuAD
The Portuguese found the island uninhabited, with an abundance of trees and fresh water. They imported livestock, fruit trees and vegetables, and built a chapel and one or two houses. Though they formed no permanent settlement, the island was an important rendezvous point and source of food for ships travelling from As...
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What was imported by the settlers of the island?
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[ "livestock, fruit trees and vegetables" ]
SQuAD
The Portuguese found the island uninhabited, with an abundance of trees and fresh water. They imported livestock, fruit trees and vegetables, and built a chapel and one or two houses. Though they formed no permanent settlement, the island was an important rendezvous point and source of food for ships travelling from As...
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What kind of buildings were built by the settlers?
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[ "a chapel and one or two houses." ]
SQuAD
The Portuguese found the island uninhabited, with an abundance of trees and fresh water. They imported livestock, fruit trees and vegetables, and built a chapel and one or two houses. Though they formed no permanent settlement, the island was an important rendezvous point and source of food for ships travelling from As...
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Who was left on the island to recover when sick?
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[ "mariners" ]
SQuAD
The Portuguese found the island uninhabited, with an abundance of trees and fresh water. They imported livestock, fruit trees and vegetables, and built a chapel and one or two houses. Though they formed no permanent settlement, the island was an important rendezvous point and source of food for ships travelling from As...
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What was the island a source of for ships travelling from Asia to Europe?
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[ "food" ]
SQuAD
In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North Am...
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Who was granted a charter to govern Saint Helena?
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[ "the English East India Company" ]
SQuAD
In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North Am...
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Who granted the English East company a character to govern the island?
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[ "Oliver Cromwell" ]
SQuAD
In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North Am...
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Who was the first governor of Saint Helena?
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[ "Captain John Dutton" ]
SQuAD
In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North Am...
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What year did the first governor arrive to Saint Helena?
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[ "1659" ]
SQuAD
In 1657, Oliver Cromwell granted the English East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena and the following year the company decided to fortify the island and colonise it with planters. The first governor, Captain John Dutton, arrived in 1659, making Saint Helena one of Britain's oldest colonies outside North Am...
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Who had the sole right to fortify and colonize the island?
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[ "East India Company" ]
SQuAD
A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wide...
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What country does the local industry that manufactures fibre get their flax from?
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[ "New Zealand" ]
SQuAD
A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wide...
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What island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922?
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[ "Ascension Island" ]
SQuAD
A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wide...
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What was the name of the airport the United States built on Ascension Island?
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[ "Wideawake airport" ]
SQuAD
A local industry manufacturing fibre from New Zealand flax was successfully reestablished in 1907 and generated considerable income during the First World War. Ascension Island was made a dependency of Saint Helena in 1922, and Tristan da Cunha followed in 1938. During the Second World War, the United States built Wide...
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What year was Wideawake Airport built?
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{ "text": [ "1942" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 350 ], "end": [ 353 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 59 ], "end": [ 59 ] } ] }
[ "1942" ]
SQuAD
On 11 April 1898 American Joshua Slocum, on his famous and epic solo round the world voyage arrived at Jamestown. He departed on 20 April 1898 for the final leg of his circumnavigation having been extended hospitality from the governor, his Excellency Sir R A Standale, presented two lectures on his voyage and been invi...
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Who arrived in Jamestown during their solo round the world voyage?
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[ "Joshua Slocum" ]
SQuAD
On 11 April 1898 American Joshua Slocum, on his famous and epic solo round the world voyage arrived at Jamestown. He departed on 20 April 1898 for the final leg of his circumnavigation having been extended hospitality from the governor, his Excellency Sir R A Standale, presented two lectures on his voyage and been invi...
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When did Joshua Slocum arrive in Jamestown?
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[ "11 April 1898" ]
SQuAD
On 11 April 1898 American Joshua Slocum, on his famous and epic solo round the world voyage arrived at Jamestown. He departed on 20 April 1898 for the final leg of his circumnavigation having been extended hospitality from the governor, his Excellency Sir R A Standale, presented two lectures on his voyage and been invi...
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When did Joshua Slocum depart from Jamestown to continue his trip?
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[ "20 April 1898" ]
SQuAD
On 11 April 1898 American Joshua Slocum, on his famous and epic solo round the world voyage arrived at Jamestown. He departed on 20 April 1898 for the final leg of his circumnavigation having been extended hospitality from the governor, his Excellency Sir R A Standale, presented two lectures on his voyage and been invi...
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Who presented two lectures on their voyage?
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[ "Sir R A Standale" ]
SQuAD
During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont...
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What did the Island sell for increased revenue during this period?
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{ "text": [ "flax" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 81 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 13 ] } ] }
[ "flax" ]
SQuAD
During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont...
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What year did flax prices peak?
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[ "1951" ]
SQuAD
During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont...
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The British Post Offices decision to use what kind of fibres hurt the flax industry?
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[ "synthetic fibres" ]
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During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont...
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What year did the Island's flax mills close?
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[ "1965" ]
SQuAD
The importation of slaves was made illegal in 1792. Governor Robert Patton (1802–1807) recommended that the company import Chinese labour to supplement the rural workforce. The coolie labourers arrived in 1810, and their numbers reached 600 by 1818. Many were allowed to stay, and their descendents became integrated int...
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What was made illegal in 1792?
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[ "importation of slaves" ]
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The importation of slaves was made illegal in 1792. Governor Robert Patton (1802–1807) recommended that the company import Chinese labour to supplement the rural workforce. The coolie labourers arrived in 1810, and their numbers reached 600 by 1818. Many were allowed to stay, and their descendents became integrated int...
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What year did Coolie labourers arrive?
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[ "1810" ]
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How many coolie labourers were on the island by 1818?
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[ "600" ]
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What was the population of the island in 1814?
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[ "3,507" ]
SQuAD
Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the ...
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03b5147aa8a4449c90d21686f43b1f15
Saint Helena was an important port of which company?
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{ "text": [ "East India Company" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 74 ], "end": [ 91 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 14 ], "end": [ 16 ] } ] }
[ "East India Company" ]
SQuAD
Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the ...
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f72ab9f5c20441639e4c3f6118f7e580
What did ships replenish at Saint Helena?
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{ "text": [ "water and provisions" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 238 ], "end": [ 257 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 44 ], "end": [ 46 ] } ] }
[ "water and provisions" ]
SQuAD
Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the ...
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b3972381f25146728022bab0e439f80b
What vessel was owned by Captain James?
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{ "text": [ "HMS Endeavour" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 389 ], "end": [ 401 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 73 ], "end": [ 74 ] } ] }
[ "HMS Endeavour" ]