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PMC11562316_1 | Immediate implant placement in the anterior region was introduced by Schulte and Heimke in the late 1970s, as it can prevent buccal bone resorption, reduce the treatment duration, and enhance the aesthetic outcome of the final restoration. They also reported comparable survival rates for immediate implants versus those... | |
PMC11603565_12 | The case also emphasizes the crucial role of genetic screening in CAIS diagnosis, advocating for expanded genetic screening among all individual relatives, beyond direct lineage. A key management decision was to postpone gonadectomy until post-puberty, informed by imaging (ultrasound and MRI) to detect any changes nece... | |
PMC11603565_7 | In managing individuals with CAIS, the potential risk of testicular malignancy necessitates careful consideration of the need and timing for gonadectomy.4,10,13 In recent years, some centers have chosen to delay or avoid gonadectomy in favor of lifelong surveillance. However, this approach presents significant challeng... | |
PMC11603565_9 | Following gonadectomy, estrogen HRT is essential for maintaining feminization, preventing the adverse effects of estrogen deficiency, ensuring normal bone mineral density, and supporting both cardiovascular and psychological health. HRT therapy is recommended to continue until the natural age of menopause. Additionally... | |
PMC11603565_8 | The optimal timing for gonadectomy remains under debate, particularly due to the lack of reliable markers for early detection of precancerous changes. Studies have shown that gonadal malignancy is significantly positively associated with age in individuals with CAIS. In the prepubertal period, the risk of malignancy is... | |
PMC11603943_3 | Studies have shown that the acute phase of ARN should be treated with medication. Once ARN is diagnosed, intravenous acyclovir should be administered immediately. The total treatment duration is six weeks to reduce the incidence of contralateral eyes [16]. Regarding using corticosteroids during ARN treatment, some reti... | |
PMC11829748_0 | ARN typically presents with severe complications, including vision loss. Clinical examination of a dilated eye in patients with ARN can reveal panuveitis [9]. Common findings include vitritis, retinal necrosis, occlusive vasculature in the posterior pole and optic disc, and macular edema [10]. The underlying etiology s... | |
PMC11510521_7 | However, this patient showed favorable outcomes with conventional systemic antivirals and intravitreal ganciclovir injection. Therefore, when EBV ARN is diagnosed, the authors recommend initially applying conventional therapy, then considering other treatment options based on the response. | |
PMC11842118_1 | Skeletal anchorage can reduce protrusion with maximal anchorage.3,4 If additional retraction is desired after complete space closure, repositioning of interdental miniscrews might be considered as there could be interference between the miniscrews and the moving roots. The application of IZC or BS miniscrews can be alt... | |
PMC11781211_5 | Management of NAH mainly takes a conservative, non-surgical approach. This is largely due to the great ability of the adrenal glands to self-repair [5]. The complications, such as adrenal insufficiency, can pose a life-threatening emergency and should thus be managed promptly [5]. In patients where the conservative app... | |
PMC11434074_9 | The management of SAH in pregnancy is contingent upon the patient’s stability. SAH in pregnancy may be managed conservatively, particularly following an evaluation of adrenal function and the use of diagnostic imaging techniques such as MRI. Conservative treatment methods include steroid therapy, fluid resuscitation, p... | |
PMC11434074_15 | The most significant consequence of an adrenal hemorrhage is the development of adrenal insufficiency, which may be transient or permanent. In the event of extensive bleeding, there is a risk of hypovolemic shock. It is imperative to evaluate adrenal function, as fatal adrenal insufficiency secondary to SAH has been do... | |
PMC11463260_3 | Because MTA is hydrophilic and needs moisture to set, it was selected because these properties are useful in clinical situations where there may be a risk of moisture contamination. Additionally, the diagnosis of reversible and irreversible pulpitis is based on history, radiographic findings, and clinical examinations ... | |
PMC11642276_17 | In conclusion, the “double stenting method”, which utilizes both an uncovered and a fully covered stent, is a straightforward and effective approach for stenting in cases where there is a deviation of a stent implanted for esophago-tracheobronchial fistula due to deep invasion by esophageal cancer, making it highly ben... | |
PMC11632513_0 | Some surgical methods to treat fixed flexion knee deformity include hamstring lengthening, posterior capsulotomy, epiphysiodesis of the distal femoral growth plate, femoral or tibial osteotomy, femoral shortening, or arthrodesis. Although osteotomies are successful, they change the structure of the joint, in contrast t... | |
PMC11584165_8 | The mechanism of action of NPWT with pressures of up to −200 mmHg intermittently or continuously in the wound bed reduces excess exudate, edema, inflammation and cellular debris. This action reduces the bacterial load and improves blood and lymphatic flow, allowing neovascularization, improving the supply of oxygen and... | |
PMC11527420_2 | Hybrid ESD is an adapted method proposed as an alternative to traditional ESD. It involves performing a snare resection following an initial mucosal incision and partial submucosal dissection. This hybrid mix between EMR and ESD enhances the reliability of snaring and achieves a higher en bloc resection rate when compa... | |
PMC11532174_0 | The surgical approach for severe ocular surface burns aims to reconstruct ocular surface function, address eyelid deformities, correct limbal stem cell deficiency, and alleviate conjunctival sac constriction, preparing the eye for future vision restoration surgeries. Patients with severe corneal burns, especially those... | |
PMC11616425_1 | In recent years, AP has been increasingly recognized as a rare but severe complication of HFRS, that is closely associated with disease severity and mortality. Notably, diagnosing AP in HFRS patients can be challenging, as both conditions share common symptoms and signs, such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, wh... | |
PMC11546045_2 | The decision to proceed with implant removal and re-fixation, supplemented by fibula grafting, reflects the adaptability of surgical techniques to address compromised vascularity and promote osseous healing. Despite the avascularity observed in the non-union site, the fibula graft served as a viable solution, demonstra... | |
PMC11508234_6 | Cryotherapy could play an important role in the treatment of enthesitis in patients affected by SpA, which is characterized by inflammation that contributes to significant pain, stiffness, and functional impairment. | |
PMC11508234_5 | Treatment of SpA enthesopathy aims to promote healing and manage pain with pharmacologic (e.g., NSAIDs, systemic steroids or local steroid injections, biologic, or targeted DMARDs) and nonpharmacologic interventions, which may include physical therapy and therapeutic exercise, as well as other techniques such as cryoth... | |
PMC11513279_3 | Anakinra has proven to be able to control the pericardial disease, inducing a prolonged remission and avoiding progression towards constrictive pericarditis. In addition, it has a good safety profile, with no major side effects and no serious infections occurring. | |
PMC11513279_0 | Despite of improved radiation techniques, RT-related side effects are relatively common, including a wide range of pericardial diseases such as acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, chronic and constrictive pericarditis, pericardial calcification and fibrosis. Acute pericarditis is a potential ma... | |
PMC11817732_2 | SML is a newly adopted treatment modality for retinal diseases [8]. However, clear recommendations for its use in specific clinical entities have not yet been formulated; and its application is based on the results of published studies and the surgeon’s discretion. SML, which stimulates the RPE without damaging the adj... | |
PMC11799555_4 | Recently, ICIs have been promising for the treatment of choriocarcinoma since they can produce durable responses against multiple tumor types and provide long-term survival benefits, which gives them the potential to treat chemotherapy-resistant choriocarcinoma (4). Reviewing the previous studies in the literature reve... | |
PMC11530858_1 | Expression of PD-L1 has been identified in placental tissue, including almost all forms of GTN, regardless of chemoresistance. Current evidence supports the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in chemo-resistant and relapsed GTN. | |
PMC11492653_6 | Multiagent chemotherapy utilizing EMA-CO has been reported to achieve a remission rate of 91% in patients [35]. For those at very high risk with significant disease burden, administering 1–2 cycles of low-dose induction etoposide chemotherapy prior to initiating EMA-CO therapy has been shown to effectively reduce early... | |
PMC11224836_7 | The use of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with peripheral blood stem cell support appears to be active in patients with refractory and relapsed disease.[64,91,92] But they also suggested that it should consider the risk of life-threatening complications and the emergence of new less toxic salvage therapies such as pembro... | |
PMC11625506_1 | However, there is still no standard treatment option to date, and the prognosis is extremely poor, with a median OS of 7 months in advanced patients. The management mostly involves systemic and aggressive local therapies, even in cases where metastases occur [2, 4, 5, 6, 7]. Importantly, the majority of cases are diagn... | |
PMC11550062_0 | Helen B. Taussig and Richard J. Bing were the first to describe a rare cyanotic congenital heart defect known as the Taussig-Bing anomaly (TBA) in 1949, that includes a non-restrictive subpulmonary ventricular septal defect (VSD) and a double outlet right ventricle (DORV) [8]. TBA is the third most prevalent type of DO... | |
PMC11604626_3 | Ruxolitinib, a JAKl/2 inhibitor, targets the inflammatory response in a different manner than steroids and etoposide, blocking the overproduction of inflammatory factors, is mostly used for salvage treatment of HPS. In recent years, due to its better efficacy and safety profile, ruxolitinib has gradually been applied i... | |
PMC11604626_4 | Despite refinements in treatment plans, the mortality rate for HPS patients during pregnancy remains high, and maternal and fetal mortality rates can be as high as 22% and 40%, respectively (8). Infection is a major cause of HPS in pregnant women, for pregnancy with fever, hematopenia, severe pneumonia and MODS, who sh... | |
PMC11576205_2 | Owing to a paucity of clinical trials, the recommended management for HLH includes steroids (dexamethasone), immunosuppression (e.g., etoposide or ciclosporin), and intrathecal therapy (e.g., methotrexate or steroids). Rituximab might be beneficial for Epstein–Barr virus-related HLH. Additional therapies including alem... | |
PMC11576205_3 | Many of the cytokines that are elevated in HLH, including interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, signal through a pathway that involves the Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription. Ruxolitinib, as a strong Janus kinase... | |
PMC11491138_8 | In a study by Koteswara and Dubey, dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, was found to abolish hiccups in a similar scenario, implying that sympatholytic drugs abolish intraoperative hiccups. | |
PMC11563935_3 | Preliminary evidence suggests that corticosteroids could be considered as part of a treatment regimen for patients with chronic peritonitis where surgical washout alone is insufficient. | |
PMC11628523_1 | In preclinical and clinical studies, the combination of ICIs targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 has exhibited synergistic antitumor activity. Dual blockade immunotherapy offers substantial advantages over ICI monotherapy. Such enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of cadonilimab was also observed in lung cancer, rectal cancer, nasophary... | |
PMC11628523_2 | Moreover, both the PD-L1-positive cervical primary lesion and the PD-L1-negative left clavicular metastases achieved a CR after treatment, which was consistent with findings of the COMPASSION-13 study (ORR PD-L1 positive = 77.8% (21/27); ORR PD-L1 negative = 70.6% (12/17)), suggesting that cadonilimab could provide cli... | |
PMC11513290_3 | As a PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody, cadonilimab could activate T-cell by inhibiting CTLA-4 and reverse suppression of T-cell by targeting PD-1. These would markedly reactivate the antitumor immunity. Meanwhile, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes co-express PD-1 and CTLA-4 at much higher levels compared to normal tissues ... | |
PMC11628523_4 | Notably, IHC showed that the cervical tumor was strongly positive for HER-2, indicating HER-2 might play an important role in CR of R/M CC with cadonilimab. Similar findings have been reported in other cancers. The KEYNOTE-811 trial demonstrated that gastric cancer patients with HER-2 positive obtained CR status by add... | |
PMC11608477_1 | These approaches to include abdominal, vaginal, traditional laparoscopic, robot-assisted laparoscopic, and vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) [11]. There are multiple influencing factors when deciding on approach such as clinical indication, the patient, surgical skill, and patient prefere... | |
PMC11272501_0 | JAK1, a member of the JAK family, plays a critical role in signaling several key pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in UC (12), including interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon-γ. Tofacitinib mainly inhibits JAK1 and JAK3, while filgotinib and upadacitinib selectively inhibit JAK1 (12). | |
PMC11582029_1 | The intricate pathogenesis of Intestinal Behçet’s disease suggests a complex interplay of multiple immune pathways. Recent evidence suggests that the Janus kinase (JAK) signaling pathway may play a role in the disease process, with the JAK-STAT pathway emerging as a potential therapeutic target. This hypothesis is rein... | |
PMC11582029_2 | Recent case reports have highlighted the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with systemic Behçet’s disease associated with other complications such as ankylosing spondylitis and uveitis. Upadacitinib has emerged as a promising treatment for refractory intestinal Behçet’s disease, particularly for patients ... | |
PMC11582029_4 | Our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of selective JAK inhibitors in managing this difficult-to-treat condition. Nonetheless, its targeted inhibition of JAK1 and JAK2, which are implicated in inflammatory pathways, may contribute to its ability to mitigate the excessive immune respo... | |
PMC11272501_1 | There are several possible reasons for the high efficacy despite switching from drugs with a similar mechanism of action. First, differences in the JAK inhibitor effect, affinity, and dose may have been involved. A recent study showed that upadacitinib has a stronger binding affinity to JAK1 than other JAK inhibitors (... | |
PMC11632603_2 | Non-surgical treatment options, though not definitively established, include hormonal therapies such as progesterone, tamoxifen, bromocriptine, and danazol. The most commonly utilized medication for managing GG is bromocriptine. While it may help stabilize breast size and prevent further enlargement, it rarely restores... | |
PMC11419984_3 | Inhibition of the complement system using eculizumab is a valuable strategy in the setting of CAPS. C5b-9 formation on cultured microvascular endothelial cells could represent a reliable marker of complement activation in the solid phase, and its inhibition is a reliable marker of the complement-inhibitory effect of ec... | |
PMC11670349_4 | Once diagnosis of complement mediated TMA is made, treatment includes targeting the complement proteins to prevent activation of the terminal membrane attack complex with the use of eculizumab. Treatment regarding the length of TMA remains controversial in current literature. It is currently proposed to continue eculiz... | |
PMC11442223_1 | The recent combination regimen of venetoclax and HMAs has demonstrated its potential for elderly patients who are not suitable for intensive chemotherapy, showcasing enhanced efficiency and safety. The combination of Venetoclax and HMAs may synergistically exert anti-tumor effects by upregulating the expression of pro-... | |
PMC11624035_2 | Oftentimes, acid suppressants are the drugs of choice for the medical management of Cameron ulcers, as well as iron supplementation for accompanying anemia. Many patients with Cameron lesions may already have a history of reflux disease secondary to long-standing hiatal hernias and already be taking proton pump inhibit... | |
PMC11499726_3 | The findings of this case align with the outcomes reported in recent studies on the use of PRP in meniscal injuries. A systematic review by Patel et al. evaluated the efficacy of PRP in treating meniscal tears and reported that PRP injections led to significant improvements in pain and function in most patients, with o... | |
PMC11404963_2 | Classic RAML, a generally benign condition, is easily managed clinically and can often be addressed through active surveillance. For lesions larger than 4 cm or with a high risk of bleeding and rupture, prophylactic interventions such as ablation, arterial embolization, or surgery should be considered.[1,5] However, di... | |
PMC11635671_4 | Definitive management of giant Angiomyolipoma is nephrectomy which possess less recurrence rate and good prognosis, in the Morden advanced setting, selective artery embolization therapy can be opted for, which has shown success for even patients with large masses and those with a higher risk of hemorrhage. In a patient... | |
PMC11284106_0 | Combination therapy has significantly improved the outcomes and natural course of patients with uHCC. Locoregional treatments, including TACE, combined with systemic therapy for the treatment of uHCC lead to favorable outcomes. The CHANCE 001 study reported that combining TACE with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and molecular t... | |
PMC11608042_0 | PHNEC is an exceedingly rare condition characterized by nonspecific clinical manifestations. Diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI often face challenges in distinguishing PHNEC from other liver tumors, contributing to its high susceptibility to misdiagnosis. The definitive diagnosis heavily reli... | |
PMC11608042_1 | Previous studies have substantiated that immune checkpoint inhibitors yield superior outcomes in patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine cancers. Higher aggressive NECs could have a different TME, higher TMB and are more often DNA MMR deficient. In addition, the alteration of the tumor immune microenvironmen... | |
PMC11629264_5 | Management of bone hydatidosis requires a multifaceted approach combining surgical intervention and medical therapy. Standalone medical treatment is generally considered insufficient, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive treatment strategy. The cornerstone of successful management and recurrence prevention involves... | |
PMC11492742_57 | Medical therapy is indicated for preoperative preparation, prophylaxis against postoperative recurrences, disseminated disease, pluri-visceral hydatid disease, and patients with contraindications for surgery or who cannot undergo radical surgery. Preoperative treatment with benzimidazole carbamate group of antibiotics ... | |
PMC11790397_6 | As preoperative albendazole therapy is associated with lower cyst viability and recurrence rates, concomitant albendazole therapy may help prevent dissemination during surgery or PAIR. As protoscolices are eliminated through albendazole therapy, cyst fluid is expected to decrease, leading to gradual cyst involution. Th... | |
PMC11457442_3 | For treating hydatid cysts, medical therapy, percutaneous treatment, and surgical procedures can be used depending on the characteristics of the cyst. Albendazole is commonly used in medical treatment, but the puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration procedure is performed in percutaneous treatment. Surgery is classi... | |
PMC11607866_8 | Post-surgical management with albendazole therapy, as implemented in our case, is supported by current literature. Velasco-Tirado et al. demonstrated the efficacy of albendazole in preventing recurrence and treating residual cysts in various organ systems affected by hydatid disease [35]. The multidisciplinary approach... | |
PMC11666186_4 | High-dose corticosteroids, with or without adjunctive immunosuppressive therapy, have been shown to potentially enhance outcomes in patients with CAA-ri. In the study conducted by Regenhardt et al,[13] 48 patients diagnosed with CAA-ri and who received early immunosuppressive therapy were included in the analysis. The ... | |
PMC11232320_7 | The clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology for irAEs caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors suggest that patients with grade 1–2 irAEs who have mild or recoverable symptoms can receive hormone replacement therapy without stopping immune treatment. However, for Grade 3 or higher irAEs,... | |
PMC11278757_3 | After starting treatment with combination ICI, awareness should be held because fatal irAEs often arise early after initiating treatment, at a median of 15 days, which is much earlier than most non-fatal events [31]. According to these data, some authors suggest close monitoring of the patient during the first dual ICI... | |
PMC11848246_6 | Depending on grade, treatment ranges from conservative management with continuation of immunotherapy versus discontinuation of therapy with corticosteroid initiation and sometimes further immunosuppression in refractory cases.15 Standard of care involves ruling out alternative causes of organ dysfunction; however, rapi... | |
PMC11235827_5 | Besides diagnosis, treatment is another challenge in ICI‐mediated toxicity. Consensus guidelines recommend discontinuation of ICIs and intravenous high‐dose glucocorticoids in severe cases [17]. In cases of corticosteroid‐refractory (n)irAE, additional immune therapies such as IVIG and/or plasma exchange may be necessa... | |
PMC11535902_2 | Oritavancin is a long-acting lipoglycopeptide that has proved to act concentration-dependently, with rapid bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria (17). The mechanism of action of this drug involves inhibiting synthesis of the bacterial cell wall and cell membrane disruption, as well as inhibition of bacte... | |
PMC11537772_0 | Recent research aimed towards improving periapical healing, based on increasing focus on autologous platelet concentrates. PRP and PRF have garnered significant attention for their healing properties. Studies have demonstrated that PRP positively promotes both hard and soft tissue healing. PRP has been shown in numerou... | |
PMC11272334_2 | Compared with physiological reasons, apical fenestrations more often arise from primary endodontic infections and treatment failure, such as overfilling and over-instrumentation. And persistent periradicular inflammation could lead and aggravate the defect of the alveolar bone overlying the root apex. In this situation... | |
PMC11431636_0 | A precise diagnosis and biopsy of two synchronous lesions should be discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting, to avoid misdiagnosing two different synchronous histological lesions, and to consider the treatment of both primary tumors rather than a metastatic disease. In the case of two primary tumors, one challenge is ... | |
PMC11658778_2 | EMP is a highly radiosensitive tumor, making radiation therapy a viable treatment option in solitary-defined lesions where complete surgical resection is not possible.7,8 Radiation achieves local tumor control rate of >80%-90% and decreases local relapse rate.1,2,7,8 A combined and more aggressive approach is desired i... | |
PMC11431636_2 | Biliary tract cancers may be classified into immune “hot” and “cold” depending on their cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) density. The immune “hot” type has a high density of CTLs and is associated with higher response rates to ICB, and vice versa [7]. SIRT was associated with a significant increase in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymp... | |
PMC11585713_0 | Ex vivo liver resection and auto transplantation (ERAT) is a novel surgical technique which has been used in the management of complex liver lesions involving major hepatic vasculature. It involves performing a complete hepatectomy, ex vivo liver resection with ice bath, and then re implanting the auto graft. | |
PMC11585713_4 | Considering artificial vascular reconstructions, prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended and even after discharge, postoperative surveillance for vascular complication is required. Patients undergoing Ex vivo liver resection and auto transplantation (ERAT) must have meticulous follow-up imaging studies following th... | |
PMC11585713_1 | Ex vivo liver resection and auto transplantation (ERAT) has been a useful curative option for both benign and malignant liver lesions, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic metastases, hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, focal nodular hyperplasia and hemangioma. A radical (R0) resection is the ma... | |
PMC11433809_2 | The use of an autologous nerve graft potentially provides better reinnervation compared with allografts, thanks to revascularization via inosculation, leading to a shorter ischemia time. The use of an autologous nerve graft adds no extra cost to the procedure, except for the donor site morbidity. | |
PMC11585701_3 | Aspiration can be performed safely in most cases without significant risks, offering a straightforward solution for symptomatic patients. On the other hand, asymptomatic patients may not require aspiration, as the air can be absorbed naturally over time. Literature suggests that in cases where air is not aspirated, it ... | |
PMC11585701_2 | The diagnostic process in these situations is critically important, as the presence of free air in the peritoneal cavity must first rule out more serious conditions such as gastrointestinal perforation. Imaging plays a key role, with CT scans often being the diagnostic tool of choice. The distinction between nonpatholo... | |
PMC11275479_1 | In 2012, Huscher described the first case of insulinoma successfully treated with stereotactic radiotherapy, with a follow-up of 3 years [12]. The patient received 25 Gy in a single dose using the Cyber-Knife. Similarly, Abdulrahman Alsuhaibani et al. described a case of a patient who underwent stereotactic radiation t... | |
PMC11215571_2 | X-ray RT is recognized as a local treatment option for HCC with MVI (6). However, a previous study has demonstrated that the dose distribution for HCC treatment using X-ray RT is inferior to those with PBT, particularly in terms of the dose-volume histogram parameters for liver volume receiving more than 30 Gy (RBE) an... | |
PMC11531629_0 | Allergic-like reactions to iodinated contrast media are uncommon, with incidence reported as low as 0.6 %. Adverse reactions to iodinated contrast following intraluminal administration (for example, the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts) are far less common than those following intravenous administration. Howev... | |
PMC11626533_12 | Firstly, it underscores the necessity of including solitary plasmacytoma in the differential diagnosis for breast masses, especially when initial diagnostic findings are inconclusive. Secondly, it demonstrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and management, utilizing histopathological examin... | |
PMC11626533_8 | Treatment strategies for solitary plasmacytoma of the breast range from surgical excision and radiotherapy to systemic therapies. While surgical resection may afford local control, radiotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment, offering excellent disease control and preserving breast function. Additionally, systemi... | |
PMC11617126_7 | Maintaining fluid balance during the intraoperative period is complex. Optimal fluid therapy is necessary, as both hypotension and fluid overload can have serious consequences. If hypotension occurs during surgery, vasopressors that increase afterload without enhancing contractility should be administered. Phenylephrin... | |
PMC11806472_2 | Management of CS due to LVOTO with or without AB is primarily guided by observational data and expert consensus. Initial management should focus on optimizing contributing factors such as preload (e.g. volume optimization, blood transfusion for anemia) and rhythm control (e.g. cardioversion for tachyarrhythmias). Vasop... | |
PMC11617126_5 | The intraoperative management goals for noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia in such cases focus on preventing increases in LVOT obstruction, diastolic dysfunction, and arrhythmias. To achieve these objectives, it is important to prioritize maintaining SVR, optimizing left ventricular filling, preserving sinus r... | |
PMC11550633_12 | Zancolli lasso procedure is a modification of the original Zancolli, which is a capsulodesis of the volar MCP joints. The modified technique is based on a split transfer of the fourth or the third fingers superficial flexor into the A1 pulley system. It was initially described in 1974. The Zancolli lasso procedure is a... | |
PMC11841249_3 | Stanford A aortic dissection requires mandatory and urgent surgical management due to the risk of lethal complications such as rupture, cardiac tamponade and myocardial ischemia. In recent years, with the improvement of the surgical technique, in addition to selective perfusion and hypothermia techniques, morbidity and... | |
PMC11629546_3 | TBAD as an immediate or delayed complication of EVAR is reported more frequently in the literature, with possible causes similarly being aggressive balloon dilation, wire injury, graft oversizing, and additionally preexisting lesions in the aorta. Commonly, TBAD is complicated by visceral and lower extremity malperfusi... | |
PMC11551046_0 | Advanced ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis. In recent years, bevacizumab and PARPi have been shown to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Tumor growth requires blood vessels to provide oxygen and nutrients. Furthermore, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role ... | |
PMC11592958_0 | Although rare, SFTs can pose significant treatment challenges due to their rarity, sluggish behavior, lack of sufficient research, and the limited effectiveness of available systemic therapies. The hypervascular nature of SFTs makes them particularly suitable for SIRT treatment, as this approach leverages the physiolog... | |
PMC11642729_2 | Endovascular techniques, such as coiling and stent-assisted procedures, while widely used, are often less effective in treating wide-necked aneurysms due to the increased risk of incomplete occlusion, coil migration, or residual aneurysmal filling. In contrast, microsurgical clipping offers a more definitive solution, ... | |
PMC11347462_1 | Existing therapies for G3 NET generally demonstrate a progression-free survival (PFS) of around 1 year and stability tends to dominate the response landscape over tumor regression. CapeTem has perhaps the most inspiring data specific to GEP-NET G3, demonstrating a median PFS of 14.1 months but still only a 22.5% object... | |
PMC11645528_2 | There is no consensus on the management of synchronous panNENs, with differing therapeutic recommendations for each subtype. The role of upfront palliative resection of non-functioning panNENs is debated due to the infrequency of tumour-related symptoms; however, debulking surgery is recommended for alleviating symptom... | |
PMC11645528_1 | Molecular imaging can also delineate panNENs for treatment and prognostication. For instance, DOTATATE PET/CT has a sensitivity of 80% for panNETs, but only 40% for panNECs due to the lack of differentiation and somatostatin receptors. In contrast, FDG PET/CT is more sensitive for NECs, with uptake rates of up to 100% ... | |
PMC11439680_6 | Therapeutic outcomes cannot be definitively established in this small study; however, it seems that these patients do not respond to CVD or TKIs but could respond (at least partially) to somatostatin analogs and systemic radiotherapy using either 131I-MIBG (Azedra®) or 177Lu-DOTATATE (Lutathera®), based on relative avi... | |
PMC11592073_15 | The disappearance of the epidural fluid collection sometimes observed after steroid treatment may suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of steroids can promote dural repair. This observation may be even more appropriate in conditions of intrinsic dural fragility such as MS. | |
PMC11592073_6 | The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the potential efficacy of corticosteroids in SIH are still a matter of debate. Previous experimental evidence has demonstrated that steroids do not affect CSF production. Steroids may enhance fluid retention, decreasing the inflammation of the meninges, decreasing the inflam... |
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