query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Water vapor streams have been seen near the south pole of Saturn 's moon Enceladus . Nitrogen eruptions have been seen on Neptune 's moon Triton . | [
"Water vapor jets have been observed near the south pole of Saturn 's moon Enceladus , while nitrogen eruptions have been observed on Neptune 's moon Triton ."
] | [
"The space probe 's cameras detected complex structures in the rings of Saturn , and its remote sensing instruments studied the atmospheres of Saturn and its giant moon Titan ."
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; Great heat A geyser needs a lot of heat . This heat comes from magma . | [
"; Intense heat The heat needed for geyser formation comes from magma that needs to be near the surface of the earth ."
] | [
"The water , having been separated from the air , leaves the camera aeolis at the same rate as it enters ."
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As the water boils , the pressure increases . This forces hot steam and water to the surface through the geyser . | [
"As the water boils , the resulting pressure forces a superheated column of steam and water to the surface through the geyser 's internal plumbing ."
] | [
"While water is inside the chamber , the siphuncle extracts salt from it and diffuses it into the blood ."
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They burst through the geyser 's vent . Some water flows or splashes out . | [
"As they burst through the geyser 's vent , some water overflows or splashes out , reducing the weight of the column and thus the pressure on the water underneath ."
] | [
"Sometimes the mirror was shown on his chest , and sometimes smoke would emanate from the mirror ."
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The oldest individual geysers are only a few thousand years old . Geysers are usually near volcanic areas . | [
"Such geysers are not true geysers but are yet referred as one as they all emit water under pressure ."
] | [
"The name of Yellowstone National Park 's `` Mud Volcano '' feature and the surrounding area is misleading ; it consists of hot springs , mud pots and fumaroles , rather than a true mud volcano ."
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This is because the geyser is caused by magma . | [
"Generally all geyser field sites are located near active volcanic areas , and the geyser effect is due to the proximity of magma ."
] | [
"The most vivid image of this is in the evaporation of water from the ocean , which forms clouds ."
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The plumbing system is made up of a system of fractures , fissures , spaces and sometimes cavities ( holes ) . | [
"The plumbing system is made up of a system of fractures , fissures , porous spaces and sometimes cavities ."
] | [
"In addition , there may be exploratory wells probing the edges , pipelines to transport the oil elsewhere , and support facilities ."
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State Farm Insurance is an insurance agency with headquarters in Bloomington , Illinois . | [
"The group 's main business is State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company , a mutual insurance firm that also owns the other State Farm companies . The corporate headquarters are in Bloomington , Illinois ."
] | [
"Domino 's Pizza , Inc. is an international pizza delivery corporation headquartered in Ann Arbor , Michigan , United States ."
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Dominican Republic national football team is the national football team of Dominican Republic . | [
"The Dominican Republic national football team is the national team of Dominican Republic and is controlled by the Federacià n Dominicana de Fà tbol ."
] | [
"The Singapore national football team is the national association football team of Singapore ."
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This mixture is quickly frozen while it is stirred , so that large ice crystals do not form . Some ice cream is made with seaweed so that it is not sticky . | [
"This mixture is stirred slowly while cooling to prevent large ice crystals from forming ; the result is a smoothly textured ice cream ."
] | [
"Depending on the brand and age of the milk itself , a thicker , more paste-like consistency floats to the top of the can , and is sometimes separated and used in recipes that require coconut cream rather than coconut milk ."
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Ice cream is a frozen dessert made from cream , with added flavors and sweeteners . | [
"Ice cream is a frozen dessert usually made from dairy products , such as milk and cream , and often combined with fruits or other ingredients and flavors . Most varieties contain sugar , although some are made with other sweeteners ."
] | [
"Chocolate milk is a sweetened , cold , cocoa-flavored milk drink . It is created when chocolate syrup is mixed with cow milk ."
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The show is notable for its setting and messages about family and loyalty . | [
"The show is notable for its setting and messages about familial obligations and loyalty ."
] | [
"The song was considered controversial upon release , dealing with religious themes ."
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Arunachal Pradesh is a state in the Republic of India . | [
"Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India , located in the far northeast ."
] | [
"Shillong ( Khasi : Shillong ) is the capital of Meghalaya , one of the smallest states in India and home to the Khasis ."
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Allineuc is a commune . It is found in the region Bretagne in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in the west of France . | [
"Allineuc ( , Gallo : Aleinoec ) is a commune in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in Bretagne in north-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-Quay-Portrieux is a commune in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in Bretagne in north-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
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She has also been known as `` Roseanne Arnold '' and `` Roseanne Thomas '' . | [
"She released her first kids ' DVD , Rockin ' with Roseanne : Calling All Kids , that month . Roseanne 's return to the stage culminated in an HBO Comedy Special Roseanne Barr : Blonde N Bitchin , which aired November 4 , 2006 , on HBO ."
] | [
"Young was also known as `` Farmer Young '' and `` Farmboy Young '' ."
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It was discovered and described in 2003 in rocks of the Yixian Formation in Liaoning Province , China , by a team of scientists . | [
"It was discovered and described in 2003 in rocks of the Yixian Formation in Liaoning Province , China , by a team of scientists including Zhe-Xi Luo and John Wible ."
] | [
"Oviraptor lived in the late Cretaceous period , during the late Campanian stage about 75 million years ago ; only one definitive specimen is known ( with associated eggs ) , from the Djadokhta Formation of Mongolia , though a possible second specimen ( also with eggs ) comes from the northeast region of Inner Mong... | SimpleWiki | {
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From its foot structure it is thought that Sinodelphys was a tree-dweller , like its non-marsupial contemporary Eomaia and modern opossums such as Didelphis . | [
"Luo et al . ( 2003 ) inferred from the foot structure of Sinodelphys that it was a scansorial tree-dweller , like its non-marsupial contemporary Eomaia and modern opossums such as Didelphis ."
] | [
"The remaining theriodonts , the cynodonts , also included carrnivores such as Cynognathus , as well as newly evolved herbivorous ( Traversodonts ) ."
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To date , it is the oldest metatherian fossil known , estimated to be 125 million years old . | [
"Sinodelphys szalayi , living in China around 125 million years ago , is the earliest known metatherian ."
] | [
"Titanoboa , , meaning `` titanic boa , '' is a genus of snake that lived approximately 60 to 58 million years ago , in the Paleocene epoch , a 10-million-year period immediately following the dinosaur extinction event ."
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Seismic retrofitting is the modification of buildings that already exist to make them resistant to earthquakes . | [
"Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity , ground motion , or soil failure due to earthquakes ."
] | [
"In the field of structural engineering it includes strong winds , which may cause discomfort , as well as extreme winds , such as in a tornado , hurricane or heavy storm , which may cause widespread destruction ."
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Ken Noritake ( born 18 July 1922 ) is a former Japanese football player . | [
"Ken Noritake ( born July 18 , 1922 ) is a former Japanese football player ."
] | [
"Tadao Horie ( September 13 , 1913 -- March 29 , 2003 ) was a Japanese football player and manager ."
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Nickel ( II ) oxide , also known as nickelous oxide , is a chemical compound . Its chemical formula is NiO . | [
"Nickel ( II ) oxide is the chemical compound with the formula NiO ."
] | [
"Tin ( II ) fluoride , known by the common name stannous fluoride , is a chemical compound with the formula SnF2 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Nickel ( II ) oxide can be made by heating nickel powder in air at 400 C. This normally makes a black nickel oxide . | [
"Nickel ( II ) oxide is the chemical compound with the formula NiO . It is notable as being the only well characterized oxide of nickel ( although nickel ( III ) oxide , Ni2O3 and NiO2 have been claimed ) ."
] | [
"Iron ( III ) chloride undergoes hydrolysis to give an acidic solution . When heated with iron ( III ) oxide at 350 Â C , iron ( III ) chloride gives iron oxychloride , a layered solid and intercalation host ."
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It also can be made by reacting nickel with water at 1000 C. The simplest way to make it is to heat nickel ( II ) hydroxide , nickel ( II ) carbonate , or nickel ( II ) nitrate . | [
"In some commercial processes , green nickel oxide is made by heating a mixture of nickel powder and water at 1000 Â C , the rate for this reaction can be increased by the addition of NiO . The simplest and most successful method of preparation is through pyrolysis of a nickel ( II ) compounds such as the hydroxide... | [
"The hydrous form may be formed by the reaction of chromium ( III ) oxide and sulfuric acid ."
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One of the most famous sets of pirate rules was written by the famous Welsh pirate Bartholomew Roberts in 1720 . | [
"One of the best known sets of pirate articles was set down by the famous Wailish pirate in 1720 ."
] | [
"Ronald Sinclair ( 21 January 1924 - 22 November 1992 ) , born Richard Arthur Hould and sometimes credited as Ra Hould or Ron Sinclair , was a child actor from New Zealand , turned film editor ."
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I. The Captain is to have two full Shares ; the ( quarter ) Master is to have one Share and one Half ; The Doctor , Mate , Gunner and Boatswain , one Share and one Quarter . | [
"I. The Captain is to have two full Shares ; the Quartermaster is to have one Share and one Half ; The Doctor , Mate , Gunner and Boatswain , one Share and one Quarter ."
] | [
"Whilst in England King married Anna Josepha Coombe ( His First Cousin ) on 11 March 1791 and returned shortly after on HMS Gorgon to take up his post as Lieutenant-Governor of Norfolk Island , at an annual salary of  # 250 ."
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He that shall have the Misfortune to loose a Limb in time of Engagement , shall have the Sum of Six hundred pieces of Eight , and remain aboard as long as he shall think fit . | [
"He that shall have the Misfortune to lose a Limb in time of Engagement , shall have the Sum of Six hundred pieces of Eight , and remain aboard as long as he shall think fit ."
] | [
"We hope and rely on thy care and assistance in this affair and that thou wilt procure and forward it by the first good oppo as our workmen inform us it will be much less trouble to hang the Bell before their Scaffolds are struck from the Building where we intend to place it which will not be done 'till the end of ... | SimpleWiki | {
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In the second half of the 17th century , buccaneers started following rules . These rules had many different names , including Chasse-Partie , Charter Party , Custom of the Coast , or Jamaica Discipline . | [
"In the second half of the 17th century , buccaneers began operating under a set of rules variously called the Chasse-Partie , Charter Party , Custom of the Coast , or Jamaica Discipline ."
] | [
"As an advocate for Samuel de Champlain and of the retention of Quebec , he founded the Compagnie des Cent-Associ às and saw the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye return Quebec City to French rule under Champlain , after the settlement had been captured by the Kirkes in 1629 ."
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Eventually , they became known as Articles of Agreement , or the pirate 's code . | [
"These eventually became known as Articles of Agreement , or the pirate 's code ."
] | [
"Some of its policies , however , are quite distinct from those of the Freedom Party ."
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Pieces of data are sent from one modem to another modem at a set speed or rate . This rate is called the baud rate . | [
"They can also be classified by the symbol rate measured in baud , the number of times the modem changes its signal state per second ."
] | [
"An electronic multiplexer makes it possible for several signals to share one device or resource , for example one A\\/D converter or one communication line , instead of having one device per input signal ."
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Two modems , one on each computer , are required to make a connection , and each modem can send and receive data to and from the other modem . | [
"After the connection is established to the remote modem , the modem automatically goes into data mode , and the user can send and receive data ."
] | [
"In some cases , the far end system may have more functionality than a simple demultiplexer and so , while the demultiplexing still exists logically , it may never actually happen physically ."
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Modems are generally classified by the amount of data they can send in a given time , normally measured in bits per second ( bit\/s , or bps ) . | [
"Modems are generally classified by the amount of data they can send in a given time unit , normally measured in bits per second ( bit\\/s , or bps ) ."
] | [
"Better FEC codes typically examine the last several dozen , or even the last several hundred , previously received bits to determine how to decode the current small handful of bits ( typically in groups of 2 to 8 bits ) ."
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The Gobi lies in Mongolia and China . | [
"The Gobi ( , `` semidesert '' ; ) is a large desert region in Asia . It covers parts of northern and northwestern China , and of southern Mongolia ."
] | [
"Another large steppe area ( prairie ) is located in the central United States and western Canada ."
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Marc-Vivien Foà ( born 1 May 1975 - died 26 June 2003 ) is a former Cameroonian football player . | [
"Marc-Vivien Foà ( 1 May 1975 â `` 26 June 2003 ) was a Cameroonian international footballer , who played in midfield for both club and country ."
] | [
"Anthony Rà veillà re ( born 10 November 1979 ) is a French footballer ."
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Meadowview Estates is a city of Kentucky in the United States . | [
"Meadowview Estates is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky in the United States ."
] | [
"Langdon Place is a city in Jefferson County , Kentucky , United States ."
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( The problem does n't exist when browsing by IE8 , Firefox or Safari . ) | [
"This problem does n't exist in IE8 , Firefox or Safari ."
] | [
"js page ( if you 're using a different skin , you probably know what to do ) and purge your cache by following the instructions on that page ."
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Direct transclusion of the route digram without the help of this template might cause the rows of map to `` break apart '' and look bad ( icons that comprising the diagram are not cohesively joining . ) | [
"Direct transclusion of the route digram without the help of this template might cause the rows of map to `` break apart '' and look bad in Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 . ( Icons that comprising the diagram are not cohesively joining row by row . )"
] | [
"The Image-spec parameter `` thumb '' ( although auto-thumbnailing to user-preference width ) forces a wide left-margin that squeezes the nearby text , so the parameter `` center '' can be added to suppress the left-margin padding ."
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This template is specially built for including route map based on the route diagram template set into the infobox map parameter or anything like that , primarily for . | [
"This template is specially built for fitting route map based on the route diagram template set into the infobox map parameter or anything like that , primarily for ."
] | [
"In such cases , the service can be achieved also by enclosing the concerned bibliographical item inside tags : also this way , it can feature as a target of Wikilinks to full references ."
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He ruled from 1804 to 1824 . | [
"He reigned from 1804 to 1824 ."
] | [
"It was founded on 19 June 1911 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Caesium formate is used in oil drilling because of its high density . | [
"Aqueous solutions of caesium formate ( HCOO-Cs + ) â '' made by reacting caesium hydroxide with formic acidâ '' were developed in the mid-1990s for use as oil well drilling and completion fluids . The function of caesium formate as a drilling fluid is to lubricate drill bits , to bring rock cuttings to the surface... | [
"Ammonium chloride dissolved in water becomes an acid . Ammonium chloride is used to produce low temperatures in cooling baths ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Caesium is a rare element . Since there is little caesium on the Earth , it is rather expensive . | [
"Caesium chloride , and the other caesium halides as well , can be reduced at 700 t with calcium or barium , followed by distillation of the caesium metal ."
] | [
"Iron and aluminium are the two most commonly used structural metals , and they are also the most abundant metals in the Earth 's crust ."
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Caesium was first described in 1861 , by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff and Robert Wilhelm Bunsen . They were testing mineral water , from Bad DÃ 1\/4 rkheim . | [
"In 1860 , Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered caesium in the mineral water from DÃ 1\\/4 rkheim , Germany ."
] | [
"In 1857 , Ludwig Binswanger , a psychiatrist from MÃ 1\\/4 nsterlingen acquired the property and opened a private sanatorium ."
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Caesium forms compounds with many other chemical elements . Caesium formate is used in oil drilling because of its high density . | [
"Most of the mined caesium ( as salts ) is directly converted into caesium formate ( HCOOâ ' Cs + ) for applications such as oil drilling ."
] | [
"Thallium ( I ) fluoride is unusual among the thallium ( I ) halides in that it is very soluble in water , while the others are not ."
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The human body does not need caesium . | [
"Exceptionally pure and gas-free caesium can be made by the thermal decomposition at 390 Â of caesium azide , which is produced from aqueous caesium sulfate and barium azide . In vacuum applications , caesium dichromate can be reacted with zirconium forming pure caesium metal without other gaseous products ."
] | [
"In other countries , potassium iodate is used as source for iodine ."
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Caesium forms compounds with many other chemical elements . | [
"Caesium compounds are rarely encountered by most people , but most caesium compounds are mildly toxic because of chemical similarity of caesium to potassium ."
] | [
"See also Category : sulfur compounds Common oxidation states of sulfur range from â ' 2 to +6 . Sulfur forms stable compounds with all elements except the noble gases ."
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Uetersen is a small city in the district of Pinneberg , in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany . | [
"Uetersen ( , formerly known as à tersen ( Holstein ) ) is a city in the district of Pinneberg , in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany ."
] | [
"Gifhorn is a town and capital of the district Gifhorn , in Lower Saxony , Germany ."
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7 km ( 4 miles ) south of Elmshorn , and 30 km ( 18 miles ) northwest of Hamburg . | [
"7 km ( 4 miles ) south of Elmshorn , and 30 km ( 18 miles ) northwest of Hamburg at the small river Pinnau , close to the Elbe river ."
] | [
"Carlisle is located about 8 m south-southwest of Lowell , and 23 m northwest of Boston ."
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The Smothers Brothers are an American folk music comedy duo , made up of real-life brothers Tom ( `` Tommy '' ) and Dick Smothers . | [
"The Smothers Brothers are Thomas ( `` Tom '' ) and Richard ( `` Dick '' ) , American singers , musicians , and comedians ."
] | [
"Louis Francis Costello ( March 6 , 1906 â `` March 3 , 1959 ) was an American actor and comedian best known as half of the comedy team of Abbott and Costello , with Bud Abbott ."
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On November 30 , 2009 , it was announced that Clinton was engaged to Marc Mezvinsky , an investment banker . They married on July 31 , 2010 . | [
"On July 31 , 2010 , Clinton married investment banker Marc Mezvinsky in Rhinebeck , New York ."
] | [
"Alba married Warren in Los Angeles on Monday , May 19 , 2008 ."
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Chelsea Victoria Clinton ( born on February 27 , 1980 ) is the only daughter of Bill Clinton , former President of the United States and his wife Secretary of State Hillary Clinton . | [
"Chelsea Victoria Clinton ( born February 27 , 1980 ) is the only child of former U.S. President Bill Clinton and U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton ."
] | [
"Joshua Brewster Bolten ( born August 16 , 1954 ) served as the White House Chief of Staff to U.S. President George W. Bush ."
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Yvette Cooper ( born March 20 , 1969 ) is an English politician and the current Shadow Foreign Secretary . She is the Member of Parliament for the Normanton , Pontefract and Castleford constituency in the United Kingdom . | [
"Yvette Cooper ( born 20 March 1969 ) is a British Labor Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Normanton , Pontefract and Castleford since 2010 , having previously been MP for Pontefract and Castleford since 1997 ."
] | [
"Edward Michael Balls , known as Ed Balls , ( born 25 February 1967 ) is a British Labor politician , who has been a Member of Parliament ( MP ) since 2005 , currently for Morley and Outwood , and is the current Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer ."
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Ferdinand Marcos ( born Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos on September 11 , 1917 â `` September 28 , 1989 ) was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986 . | [
"Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos ( September 11 , 1917 â `` September 28 , 1989 ) was the tenth President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986 ."
] | [
"LÃ zaro CÃ rdenas del RÃ o ( May 21 , 1895 - October 19 , 1970 ) was President of Mexico from 1934 to 1940 ."
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He claimed that during World War II he had been the leader of Ang Maharlika , a guerrilla force in northern Luzon . | [
"He claimed to have led a guerrilla force called Ang Maharlika in northern Luzon during the Second World War , although this is doubted ."
] | [
"One of the main reasons for this was that Collins was secretly planning to launch a clandestine guerrilla war against the Northern State ."
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Between 1949 and 1959 , he was member of the Philippine House of Representatives . From 1958 to 1965 , he was a member of the Philippine Senate . | [
"He was a lawyer , member of the Philippine House of Representatives ( 1949 â `` 1959 ) and a member of the Philippine Senate ( 1959 â `` 1965 ) ."
] | [
"Between 1983 and 1990 , she was a member of the Bundestag ( German Parliament ) ."
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Englancourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France . | [
"Englancourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | [
"Berry-au-Bac is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
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Christopher Tucker was ( born on August 31 , 1972 ) and he is an African-American actor , and comedian . | [
"Christopher `` Chris '' Tucker ( born August 31 , 1972 ) is an American actor and comedian , best known for his roles as Detective James Carter in the Rush Hour trilogy and Smokey in the 1995 film Friday ."
] | [
"Brent Butt ( born August 3 , 1966 ) is a Canadian stand-up comedian actor and writer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
It is part of the mountain range known as the Hudson Highlands . | [
"It is part of the river-straddling range known as the Hudson Highlands ."
] | [
"The southwestern branch of the headwaters of the Los Angeles River are in the Santa Monica Mountains ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
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An old quarry can be seen on its south ridge . | [
"A former quarry is visible on its south ridge ."
] | [
"Round the house , in the rift valley , is farmland , but within a short distance to the north-west , on the other side of the fault , are the Grampian Mountains in the Highlands ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Bull Hill , sometimes called Mount Taurus , is a mountain in the U.S. state of New York . It is north of the village of Cold Spring on the Hudson River , in Putnam County . | [
"Bull Hill , also unofficially known as Mount Taurus , is a mountain north of the village of Cold Spring on the Hudson River in Putnam County in the U.S. state of New York ."
] | [
"East Fishkill is a town on the southern border of Dutchess County , New York , United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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The contrast between a high level of education and a low level of political rights was particarly great in Aarau , and the city refused to send troops to defend the Bernese border . | [
"The contrast between a high level of education and a low level of political rights was particularly great in Aarau , and the city refused to send troops to defend the Bernese border ."
] | [
"Meanwhile , Prussia Germanized the entire school system of its Polish subjects , and had no more respect for Polish culture and institutions than the Russian Empire ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The historic old city forms an irregular square , consisting of four parts ( called Stoecke ) . | [
"The historic old town forms an irregular square , consisting of four parts ( called Stà cke ) ."
] | [
"The city of Ä zmir is composed of several districts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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A Theater and Concert Hall was constructed in 1883 , which was renovated and expanded in 1995-96 . | [
"A Theater and Concert Hall was constructed in 1883 , which was renovated and expanded in 1995 â `` 96 ."
] | [
"The capacity of the dam was enlarged in 1911 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Education:",
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More than half of the workers in Aarau live in the city 's suburbs , or on the outskirts of the city . | [
"More than half of the workers in Aarau live in the city 's suburbs , or farther away in the surrounding area ."
] | [
"This is to better allay car traffic in the highly scenic Kandertal , and also to provide faster transport through the Bernese Alps from the populous Mittelland in the north to the southern canton of Valais ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
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On March 22 , 1798 Aarau was declared the capital of the Helvetic Republic . | [
"On 22 March 1798 Aarau was declared the capital of the Helvetic Republic ."
] | [
"After the fall of Napoleon , Frederick William III of Prussia reasserted his rights by proposing that Neuchà cents tel be linked with the other Swiss cantons ( the better to exert influence over the lot of them ) . On September 12 , 1814 , Neuchà cents tel became the 21st canton , but also remained a Prussian prin... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
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To the west of Aarau is the canton of Solothurn . | [
"The municipality borders directly on the Canton of Solothurn to the west ."
] | [
"Burgà schisee is a lake near Aeschi in Switzerland , on the border of the cantons of Berne and Solothurn ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
} |
To the south lies the `` suburb '' , that is , the part of the town formerly outside the city wall . | [
"To the south lies the Laurenzenvorstadt , that is , the part of the town formerly outside the city wall ."
] | [
"Near the tracks , a large market ( Central Market ) and a railroad station rose on the north side of the Mall ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
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} |
On September 20 , the capital was moved to Lucerne . | [
"On 20 September , the capital was moved to Lucerne ."
] | [
"Since August 25 , 2010 , he has been the First Mayor of Hamburg ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
One of the two head offices of the Aargauer Zeitung , Switzerland 's fifth largest newspaper , can be found in Aarau . | [
"One of the two head offices of the Aargauer Zeitung , Switzerland 's fifth largest newspaper , is located in Aarau , as are the Tele M1 television channel studios , and several radio stations ."
] | [
"Neuhausen am Rheinfall ( which was officially called Neuhausen until 1938 ) is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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On December 27 , 1797 , the last Tagsatzung of the Old Swiss Confederacy was held in Aarau . | [
"On 27 December 1797 , the last Tagsatzung of the Old Swiss Confederacy was held in Aarau ."
] | [
"In 1473 , he summoned the first provincial diet in the history of the archbishopric , and eventually abdicated ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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In the 14th Century the city was expanded in two stages , and a second defesive wall was constructed . | [
"In the 14th Century the city was expanded in two stages , and a second defensive wall was constructed ."
] | [
"The Genoese felt the need for shelter from the sea storms and in 1380 began to construct , under Governor Leonello Lomellini , a bastiglia , Italian for stronghold or citadel ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about History:"
} |
The city connected to the Swiss Central Railroad in 1856 . | [
"The city connected to the Swiss Central Railway in 1856 ."
] | [
"Water transportation has its node on Lake Zug at Zug ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
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One special characteristic of the city is its painted gables , for which Aarau is sometimes called the `` City of beautiful Gables '' . | [
"One characteristic of the city is its painted gables , for which Aarau is sometimes called the `` City of beautiful Gables '' ."
] | [
"Despite its international fame , Basel 's population remains attached to Zoo Basel , which is entirely surrounded by the city of Basel ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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The old city of Aarau lies on a rocky cliff where the Aar river valley narrows at the southern foot of the Jura mountains . | [
"The old city of Aarau is situated on a rocky outcropping at a narrowing of the Aar river valley , at the southern foot of the Jura mountains ."
] | [
"Bex sits on the east side of the Rhone River in a wide valley surrounded on the east by the Bernese Alps and west by the Chablais Alps ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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Things made in Aarau are : bells , mathematical instruments , electrical goods , cotton textiles , chemicals , shoes , and other products . | [
"Manufacture include bells , mathematical instruments , electrical goods , cotton textiles , chemicals , shoes , and other products ."
] | [
"The city is a trade center and manufactures textiles , leather , pottery , plastic , and other products ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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A growth in population during the 16th Century led to taller buildings and more dense construction methods . | [
"A growth in population during the 16th Century led to taller buildings and denser construction methods ."
] | [
"After the storm passed , the city was rebuilt using more modern materials and updated building techniques ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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The only exceptions are Unterentfelden and Eppenberg-W Ã schnau to the south , whose places are divided from Aarau by the large forests of GÃ nhard and Zelgli . | [
"The only exceptions are Unterentfelden and Eppenberg-W Ã schnau to the south , whose settlements are divided from Aarau by the expansive forests of GÃ nhard and Zelgli ."
] | [
"The lakes Nussbaumersee , HÃ 1\\/4 ttwilersee and Hasensee are located in the municipality ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Atlas , most commonly means a collection of maps , traditionally bound into book form . | [
"An atlas is a collection of maps ."
] | [
"All but the shortest are divided into chapters , generally a page or so in length ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Offrethun is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"Offrethun is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Samer is a commune and in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
} |
Nachos were invented in 1943 by Ignacio `` Nacho '' Anaya . | [
"Anaya 's son Ignacio Anaya Jr. serves as a judge at the annual nacho competition ."
] | [
"The state is named after the Mexican patriot Andràs Quintana Roo ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
MQV ( Menezes-Qu-Vanstone ) is an authenticated protocol for key agreement based on the Diffie-Hellman scheme . MQV provides protection against an active attacker . | [
"Like other authenticated Diffie-Hellman schemes , MQV provides protection against an active attacker ."
] | [
"The Station-to-Station ( STS ) protocol is a cryptographic key agreement scheme based on classic Diffie-Hellman that provides mutual key and entity authentication ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Chavornay is a commune . | [
"Chavornay is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
The song became the band 's second single to reach # 1 in the UK Singles Chart . It also went platinum . | [
"The song became the band 's second single to reach # 1 in the UK Singles Chart , where it also went platinum ."
] | [
"Davis 's name became well-known to a younger audience when Kim Carnes 's song `` Bette Davis Eyes '' became a worldwide hit and the best-selling record of 1981 in the U.S. , where it stayed at number one on the music charts for more than two months ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Do n't Look Back in Anger was met with high critical praise and it became a commercial hit . | [
"`` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' was met with high critical praise and it became a commercial hit ."
] | [
"It contained hits `` Munich '' and `` Blood '' and the following year received a Mercury Prize nomination ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
`` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' is a song by English rock band Oasis . It was released in 1996 as the fourth single from their second album ( What 's the Story ) Morning Glory ? . | [
"`` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' is a song by English rock band Oasis , released in 1996 as the fourth single from their hit second album ( What 's the Story ) Morning Glory ? ."
] | [
"`` Fuckin ' in the Bushes '' is the first track on English rock band Oasis ' fourth studio album , Standing on the Shoulder of Giants ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
The single cover is showing respects to the incident where Ringo Starr briefly left The Beatles during the recording of The White Album . | [
"The single cover is an homage to the incident where Ringo Starr briefly left The Beatles during the recording of The White Album ; after the other three Beatles members successfully persuaded him to return , George Harrison decorated Ringo 's drum kit in red , white , and blue flowers to show their appreciation ."... | [
"They had ended their tour and were back in the studio in the process of making their next album , when Chris Chasse left the band to pursue family life ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The song was written by the band 's former guitarist and main songwriter , Noel Gallagher . | [
"The song was written by the band 's guitarist and main songwriter , Noel Gallagher ."
] | [
"After working with a number of guitarists ( as the band 's first two guitarists , Kevin Drake and Solon Bixler , left the band due to issues primarily related to touring ) , the three auditioned Tomo MiliÄ eviÄ to round out the band 's roster ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Henry Cosby and Sylvia Moy received credit for writing the song along with Noel . | [
"Also , because of this , Wonder , Henry Cosby and Sylvia Moy received credit for writing the song , along with Noel ."
] | [
"The song `` My Love , '' was written by Selena and samples from contemporary pop influences ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
`` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' was also the first Oasis single to feature Noel on lead vocals instead of his brother , Liam Gallagher . | [
"`` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' was also the first Oasis single to feature Noel , who had provided backing vocals on debut album , Definitely Maybe , on lead vocals instead of his brother , Liam Gallagher ."
] | [
"`` Fuckin ' in the Bushes '' is the first track on English rock band Oasis ' fourth studio album , Standing on the Shoulder of Giants ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
album but was taken off after Stevie Wonder requested 10 % of the royalties as the chorus like his hit `` Uptight ( Everything 's Alright ) '' . | [
"album but was taken off after Stevie Wonder requested 10 % of the royalties as the chorus bore a similarity to his hit `` Uptight ( Everything 's Alright ) '' ."
] | [
"Gaye drummed on the Marvelettes hits , `` Please Mr. Postman '' , `` Playboy '' and `` Beechwood 4-5789 '' ( a song he co-wrote ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
The first commercial electric power transmission that was developed by Thomas Edison in the late nineteenth century used direct current . | [
"The first commercial electric power transmission ( developed by Thomas Edison in the late nineteenth century ) used direct current ."
] | [
"The Bell Telephone Company was created in 1877 , and by 1886 , over 150,000 people in the U.S. owned telephones . Bell company engineers made numerous other improvements to the telephone , which emerged as one of the most successful products ever ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Because of the advantage of alternating current over direct current in transforming and transmission , electric power distribution today is nearly all alternating current . | [
"Because of the significant advantages of alternating current over direct current in transforming and transmission , electric power distribution is nearly all alternating current today ."
] | [
"Transformers are also used extensively in electronic products to step down the supply voltage to a level suitable for the low voltage circuits they contain . The transformer also electrically isolates the end user from contact with the supply voltage ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
This is typically in a conductor such as a wire , but can also be through semiconductors , insulators , or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams . | [
"Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire , but can also be through semiconductors , insulators , or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams ."
] | [
"Laser beam welding employs a highly focused laser beam , while electron beam welding is done in a vacuum and uses an electron beam ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
In direct current , the electric charges flow in the same direction , distinguishing it from alternating current ( AC ) . | [
"The electric charge flows in a constant direction , distinguishing it from alternating current ( AC ) ."
] | [
"An LC circuit can store electrical energy oscillating at its resonant frequency . A capacitor stores energy in the electric field between its plates , depending on the voltage across it , and an inductor stores energy in its magnetic field , depending on the current through it ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
For applications requiring direct current alternating current is distributed to a substation to convert the power to direct current . | [
"For applications requiring direct current , such as third rail power systems , alternating current is distributed to a substation , which utilizes a rectifier to convert the power to direct current ."
] | [
"Decker 's design incorporated 10,000-volt three-phase transmission and established the standards for the complete system of generation , transmission and motors used today ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The Norbulingka Institute was founded in 1988 , by the present 14th Dalai Lama at Sidhpur , near Dharamsala , India . | [
"The Norbulingka Institute was founded in 1988 by the present 14th Dalai Lama at Sidhpur , near Dharamsala , India ."
] | [
"A Treaty of friendship and alliance between the Government of Mongolia and Tibet was signed on February 2 , 1913 , at Urga ( now Ulaanbaatar ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The main building is a replica of the Norbulingka palace in Lhasa | [
"The main building is a replica of the Norbulingka palace in Lhasa ."
] | [
"Other sites in the town include : The birthplace of Jà n Kollà r , a Neo-Gothic Catholic church with a valuable altar built on the spot of its ancient predecessor , a Lutheran church built in 1784 , a Mausoleum now hosting the Museum of Crafts , an Art-Nouveau greenhouse , and a garden pavilion from 1800 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript where text is supplemented by the addition of decoration , like decorated initials , borders and miniature illustrations . | [
"An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration , such as decorated initials , borders ( marginalia ) and miniature illustrations ."
] | [
"India and Tibet saw emphasis on painted sculptures and dance , while religious painting borrowed many conventions from sculpture and tended to bright contrasting colors with emphasis on outlines ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
BistreÅ # is a commune found in Dolj County , Romania . | [
"BistreÅ # is a commune in Dolj County , Romania with a population of 4,616 people in 2002 ."
] | [
"CoÅ na is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Auburn is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Auburn is a city in Sac County , Iowa , United States ."
] | [
"Pleasant Grove is a city of Jefferson County , Alabama ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Flagellates are cells with one or more whip-like organelles called flagella . | [
"Flagellates are organisms with one or more whip-like organelles called flagella ."
] | [
"A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Higher plants and fungi do not produce flagellate cells , but the closely related green algae and chytrids do . | [
"Flowering plants do not produce flagellate cells , but ferns , mosses , green algae , some gymnosperms and other closely related plants do . Likewise , most fungi do not produce cells with flagellae , but the primitive fungal chytrids do ."
] | [
"Asexual reproduction is the primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as the archaea , bacteria , and protists ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
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