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The coins have common values of 5 , 10 , 20 , 25 and 50 paise , as well as 1 , 2 , 5 and 10 rupees .
[ "Coins of the rupee have nominal values of 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 25 and 50 paise as well as 1 , 2 , 5 and 10 rupees ." ]
[ "Subsequently a new series of Legal Tender notes were designed , once again bearing the portrait of King George V , in denominations of 10 shillings and 1 , 5 and 10 pounds ." ]
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Until 1815 , the Madras Presidency also issued a currency based on the fanam , with 12 fanams equal to the rupee .
[ "Until 1815 , the Madras Presidency also issued a currency based on the panam , with 12 panams equal to the rupee ." ]
[ "The guilder originated as a gold coin ( hence the name ) but has been a common name for a silver or base metal coin for some centuries ." ]
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The symbol is derived from a combination of the Devanagari letter â à â and English letter â Râ .
[ "The symbol is derived from the Devanagari letter â à â with an additional horizontal line ." ]
[ "Although much more rarely used , there is also a third form of ` Shiogama ' , taking as its first kanji the old character for salt '' é 1\\/2 '' ." ]
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Many still refer to 25 , 50 and 75 paise as 4 , 8 and 12 annas , respectively , not unlike the usage of `` bit '' in American English for â
[ "Many still refer to 25 , 50 and 75 paise as 4 , 8 and 12 annas respectively , not unlike the usage of `` bit '' in American English for â" ]
[ "The meaning of the word `` million '' is common to the short scale and long scale numbering systems , unlike the larger numbers , which have different names in the two systems ." ]
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The nominal values during British rule ( and the first decade of independence ) were :
[ "Nominal value during British rule , and the first decade of independence :" ]
[ "As an example of this records show a variation from ) 200 % to ( 50 % of the average annual figure ." ]
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Many Indian languages use this root word , for example , à à à à 3\/4 à à ( rÅ `` pÄ yi ) in Telugu , à à à à 3\/4 à à ( rÅ `` bÄ i ) in Tamil , à à à à à 3\/4 ( rupayÄ ) in Hindi , à à `` à à à à `` ( rupiyo ) in Gujarati , à à à à 3\/4 à à ( rÅ `` pÄ yi ) in Kannada and Tulu , à à à ( rÅ `` pÄ ) in Malayalam and à à à à à ( rupaye ) in Marathi .
[ "Many Indian languages use this root , for example à à à à à ( rupaye ) in Marathi , à à à à 3\\/4 à à ( rÅ `` pÄ yi ) in Kannada and Tulu , à à à à 3\\/4 à à ( rÅ `` pÄ yi ) in Telugu , à à à à 3\\/4 à à ( rÅ `` bÄ i ) in Tamil , à à à à à 3\\/4 ( rupayÄ ) in Hindi , à à `` à à à à `` ( rupiyo ) in Gujarati , à à ...
[ "Later United States soft influences gave rise to è æ -- ç ` ( dà sÄ `` kà `` disco '' ) , å ä ï 1\\/4 å æ ( kÄ là `` cola '' ) and è ä 1\\/2 ( mà nÇ `` mini ( skirt ) '' ) . Contemporary colloquial Cantonese has distinct loanwords from English like cartoon å é ( cartoon ) , å ä 1\\/2 ( gay people ) , ç å # `` ( ta...
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The bank notes are available in values of 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 50 , 100 , 500 and 1000 rupees .
[ "Bank notes are available in nominal values of 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 50 , 100 , 500 and 1000 rupees ." ]
[ "Subsequently a new series of Legal Tender notes were designed , once again bearing the portrait of King George V , in denominations of 10 shillings and 1 , 5 and 10 pounds ." ]
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In Somalia the Italian colonial authority minted ` rupia ' to the exact same standard , and called the pice ` besa ' .
[ "In Somalia the Italian colonial authority minted ` rupia ' to exactly the same standard , and called the pice ` besa ' ." ]
[ "Nominal value during British rule , and the first decade of independence :" ]
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Officially , the Indian rupee has a market-set exchange rate .
[ "Officially , the Indian rupee has a market determined exchange rate ." ]
[ "Compare the Armenian dram for a currency whose name bears a similar origin ." ]
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In Mozambique , the British India rupees were overstamped . In Kenya , the British East Africa Company minted the rupee and its fractions as well as pice .
[ "In Mozambique the British India rupees were overstamped , and in Kenya the British East Africa Company minted the rupee and its fractions as well as pice ." ]
[ "In the mid-1920s a modified 10 shilling ( worded as `` Half Sovereign '' ) , and reduced-size 1 , 5 and 10 pound notes were issued with the side profile of King George V on the face ." ]
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In East Africa , Arabia , and Mesopotamia , the Rupee and its related coins were current at various times .
[ "In East Africa , Arabia , and Mesopotamia the Rupee and its subsidiary coinage was current at various times ." ]
[ "The guilder originated as a gold coin ( hence the name ) but has been a common name for a silver or base metal coin for some centuries ." ]
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The modern rupee is sub-divided into 100 paise ( singular paisa ) .
[ "The modern rupee is subdivided into 100 paise ( singular paisa ) ." ]
[ "In 1966 , coins were introduced in denominations of 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 20 and 50 cents ." ]
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During the 2010 Union budget of India , Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee mentioned that the proposed symbol would reflect and capture the Indian ethos and culture .
[ "During the year 2010 's Union Budget , Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee mentioned that the proposed symbol would reflect and capture the Indian ethos and culture ." ]
[ "There have been some calls for the insertion of such a section to express the spirit and aspirations embodied in the constitution ." ]
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As was realized in the previous decade in Canada and the next year in Hong Kong , existing habits are not easy to replace .
[ "As was realized in the previous decade in Canada and the next year in Hong Kong , existing habits are hard to replace ." ]
[ "She argued that to attain even modest success , Western practices are adopted and traditional economic structures and values abandoned ." ]
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This is sometimes called a managed float .
[ "This is sometimes called a `` managed float '' ." ]
[ "For this reason , neither has a direct connection to the Circle Line ." ]
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The North Seoul Tower is a large tower in South Korea . It is part of Seoul .
[ "N Seoul Tower is a communication and observation tower located in Namsan Mountain , central Seoul , South Korea ." ]
[ "Hankuk Academy of Foreign Studies or HAFS is a private boarding school located in the northern part of Yongin , South Korea ." ]
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Forfar Athletic F.C. is a football club which plays in Scotland .
[ "Forfar Athletic Football Club are a Scottish semi-professional football club from the town of Forfar , Angus ." ]
[ "Greenock Morton Football Club are a Scottish professional football club , who currently play in the Scottish Football League First Division ." ]
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William H. Prescott was born in Salem , Massachusetts , on May 4 , 1796 .
[ "William H. Prescott was born in Salem , Massachusetts on May 4 , 1796 , the first of seven children , although four of his siblings died in infancy ." ]
[ "He was the nephew of Admiral Frank Friday Fletcher . Fletcher was born in Marshalltown , Iowa on April 29 , 1885 ." ]
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His parents were William Prescott , Jr. , a lawyer , and his wife , Catherine Greene Hickling .
[ "His parents were William Prescott , Jr. , a lawyer , and his wife , nà e Catherine Greene Hickling ." ]
[ "Ellis was the son of Abraham Charles Ellis , a general manager of the Metropolitan Railway , and Isabelle Flockart Carswell ." ]
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He visited Hampton Court Palace with John Quincy Adams , who was a diplomat in London .
[ "He visited Hampton Court Palace with future American president John Quincy Adams , at the time a diplomat in London , where they saw the Raphael Cartoons ." ]
[ "Recently widowed but assisted by her foster mother , Jane Irwin Findlay , who was then seventy-three , she acted as his official hostess during Harrison 's brief tenure in office , which lasted for a month in 1841 ." ]
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Prescott decided that he wanted to write a book about Ferdinand and Isabella , who were King and Queen of Spain in the early 1500s , in January 1826 . After gathering source material , Prescott started writing the History of Ferdinand and Isabella in October 1829 .
[ "Prescott 's studies initially remained broad , but he started preparing material on Ferdinand and Isabella in January 1826 ." ]
[ "After a lengthy writing career , and travels that took her to France for more than ten years , she settled in Bath , England , where she died on 6 January 1840 ." ]
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Prescott found it difficult to write because his eyesight was so poor , so Adams gave him a device called a noctograph to help him .
[ "Prescott first used a noctograph while staying with Adams ; the tool became a permanent feature of his life , allowing him to write independently in spite of his impaired eyesight ." ]
[ "As this fourth copy was written on both sides of the paper , it proved unusable for this purpose , and Bancroft was allowed to keep it ." ]
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In 1816 , Prescott traveled in France and Italy .
[ "In August 1816 , Prescott traveled to Paris , but later moved on to Italy , where he spent the winter ." ]
[ "Having persuaded Clerc to accompany him , Gallaudet sailed back to America ." ]
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He also married Susan Amory , the daughter of Thomas Coffin Amory and Hannah Rowe Linzee , on May 4 , 1820 .
[ "After a short period of courtship , he married Susan Amory , the daughter of Thomas Coffin Amory and Hannah Rowe Linzee , on May 4 , 1820 ." ]
[ "His father , Robert Gamble Cabell II ( 1847 -- 1922 ) , was a physician , and his mother , Anne Harris ( 1859 -- 1915 ) , was the daughter of Col. and Mrs James R. Branch ." ]
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However , Prescott became interested in the history of Spain due to his friend George Ticknor , who had become professor of Spanish studies at Harvard University .
[ "Prescott first became interested in the history of Spain after his friend , the Harvard professor George Ticknor , sent him copies of his lectures on the subject ." ]
[ "He quit in 1929 to devote himself fully to his literary and cultural interests , though he continued to lecture in the School of Oriental and African Studies , London ." ]
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William Hickling Prescott ( May 4 , 1796 â `` January 29 , 1859 ) was an American historian who was interested in Spain and the Spanish Empire .
[ "William Hickling Prescott ( May 4 , 1796 â `` January 29 , 1859 ) was an American historian and Hispanist , who is widely recognized by historiographers to have been the first American scientific historian ." ]
[ "George Newbold Lawrence ( October 20 , 1806 â `` January 17 , 1895 ) was an American businessman and amateur ornithologist ." ]
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After he had graduated , Prescott traveled to the island of SÃ # o Miguel in the Azores , where his grandfather and Portuguese grandmother lived .
[ "Prescott first traveled to the island of SÃ # o Miguel in the Azores , where his grandfather and Portuguese grandmother lived ." ]
[ "All that is known with certainty is that he spent time as a child at both places , and he stipulated in his will that his body be interred at Jerez de los Caballeros , where other members of his family were also interred ." ]
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After staying there two weeks , he went to London , where he stayed with the famous surgeon Astley Cooper and the eye-expert William Adams .
[ "After two weeks , he left for the cooler climate of London , where he stayed with the distinguished surgeon Astley Cooper and the oculist William Adams ." ]
[ "He delivered several pieces of animal flesh and duly notified other prominent physicians , which brought the matter to the attention of Nathaniel St. Andrà , surgeon to the Royal Household of King George I. St. Andrà concluded that Toft 's case was genuine but the king also sent surgeon Cyriacus Ahlers , who remai...
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Prescott 's grandfather was William Prescott , a soldier who fought for the United States in the American Revolutionary War . Prescott grew up in Boston , Massachusetts , which is a city on the east coast of the United States .
[ "A direct descendant of the revolutionary American officer William Prescott , William H. Prescott spent his childhood and adolescence in Boston , Massachusetts ." ]
[ "Early in his adult life he moved to Barnstable , Massachusetts , a town on Cape Cod , where he managed the first Saab dealership established in the U.S." ]
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In the spring of 1992 Hurricane Bob was retired , it was replace by Bill in 1997 .
[ "The World Meteorological Organization retired one name in the spring of 1992 : Bob . It was replaced in the 1997 season by Bill ." ]
[ "Storms were named Anita , Babe , Clara and Evelyn for the first time in 1977 ." ]
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Oryx Douala was a football club which played in Cameroon in 1960s .
[ "Oryx Douala is a football club from Douala , Cameroon , that achieved most of its success in the 1960s ." ]
[ "Stephen Tataw Eta ( born March 31 , 1963 ) is a Cameroonian former football ( soccer ) defender who captained the Cameroon national team at the 1990 FIFA World Cup ." ]
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Sidney Govou ( born 27 July 1979 ) is a French football player .
[ "Sidney Rodrigue Noukpo Govou ( ; born 27 July 1979 ) is a French football player of Beninese descent who currently plays for Panathinaikos F.C. of Greece and French national team . Govou is a naturally attacking player but rarely plays as a striker , he is more commonly deployed as a winger ." ]
[ "Robert Earnshaw ( born on 6 April 1981 ) is a Wales international football player ." ]
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Syfy ( ; the same way as sci-fi ) , formerly known as the Sci-Fi Channel , is an American cable television channel that specializes in science fiction , fantasy , horror , professional wrestling , and paranormal programming .
[ "Syfy ( ; `` sci-fi '' ) , formerly known as the Sci-Fi Channel , is an American cable television channel that has science fiction , fantasy , horror , supernatural and paranormal programming ." ]
[ "Cooking Channel is a television specialty channel that airs recurring ( episodic ) programs about food and cooking , owned by Scripps Networks Interactive . It is a spinoff ( in essence ) of Food Network , also owned by SNI , but focuses more on instructional shows rather than `` reality style '' and contest progr...
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The name Syfy was officially adopted on 7 July 2009 .
[ "The name Syfy was officially adopted on July 7 , 2009 ." ]
[ "Cooking Channel replaced Fine Living Network ( also known as FLN ) on May 31 , 2010 ." ]
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Launched on 24 September 1992 , it is part of the entertainment conglomerate NBC Universal .
[ "Launched on September 24 , 1992 , it is part of the entertainment conglomerate NBCUniversal , a subsidiary of Comcast and General Electric ." ]
[ "It is currently a subsidiary of Warner Music Group ." ]
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The foreskin protects the glans penis when the penis is not erect . Most mammals have foreskin .
[ "Gairdner ( 1949 ) states that the foreskin protects the glans but some studies show that inflammation of the glans is more common when the foreskin is present ." ]
[ "Wright argues that forcible retraction of the foreskin should be avoided and that the child himself should be the first one to retract his own foreskin . Attempts to forcibly retract it can be painful and may injure the foreskin ." ]
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The foreskin is attached to the penis by the frenulum , but it can move .
[ "The foreskin is attached to the glans by a frenulum , which helps return the foreskin over the glans ." ]
[ "In children , although a common appearance of the hymen is crescent-shaped , many variations are possible . After a woman gives birth , she may be left with remnants of the hymen , called carunculae myrtiformes , or the hymen may be completely absent ." ]
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The foreskin is a fold of skin that covers the glans penis .
[ "In children , the foreskin usually covers the glans completely but in adults , this need not be so ." ]
[ "Attached to the follicle is a sebaceous gland . This is a tiny sebum-producing gland found everywhere except on the palms , lips and soles of the feet ." ]
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The outside of the foreskin is like normal skin but the inside of the foreskin is a membrane like the inside of an eyelid or mouth .
[ "The outside of the foreskin is a continuation of the skin on the shaft of the penis , but the inner foreskin is a mucous membrane like the inside of the eyelid or the mouth ." ]
[ "To prevent itself from suffocating while swallowing , it breathes using a small tube under the tongue that connects to the lungs ." ]
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The foreskin is a fold of skin that covers the glans penis . The foreskin protects the glans penis when the penis is not erect .
[ "In male human anatomy , the foreskin is a generally retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect ." ]
[ "The corpus cavernosum penis is one of a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue which contain most of the blood in the penis during penile erection ." ]
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{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Most mammals have foreskin .
[ "Wright argues that forcible retraction of the foreskin should be avoided and that the child himself should be the first one to retract his own foreskin . Attempts to forcibly retract it can be painful and may injure the foreskin ." ]
[ "The females and larvae have bioluminescent organs ." ]
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A tropical cyclone forecast model is a computer program that uses meteorological data to forecast the motion and intensity of tropical cyclones .
[ "A tropical cyclone forecast model is a computer program that uses meteorological data to forecast aspects of the future state of tropical cyclones ." ]
[ "High initial levels of wind shear gave Harvey some subtropical characteristics and also caused the official forecasts to underestimate the future strength of the storm ." ]
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There are two general types , statistical and dynamical , and two primary types of forecasts , track and intensity .
[ "Four primary types of forecasts exist for tropical cyclones : track , intensity , storm surge , and rainfall ." ]
[ "Methods of probability theory also apply to descriptions of complex systems given only partial knowledge of their state , as in statistical mechanics ." ]
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{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Such models utilize powerful supercomputers with complex mathematical modeling software and meteorological data to calculate paths and intensities .
[ "Dynamical models utilize powerful supercomputers with sophisticated mathematical modeling software and meteorological data to calculate future weather conditions ." ]
[ "The project was divided into separate phases and the project goal was to find algorithms suitable for different application profiles ." ]
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{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
( Esau called the dish , `` that red , red stuff '' , which is why he is called Edom , ( ` Edom , meaning `` Red '' ) . )
[ "( Esau referred to the dish as , `` that red , red stuff '' , giving rise to his nickname , ( ` Edom , meaning `` Red '' ) . )" ]
[ "The opening word of greeting , , chaà re , here translated `` Hail '' , literally has the meaning `` Rejoice '' , `` Be glad '' ." ]
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The Hebrew Bible says that Esau , who was very hungry , begged Jacob to give him some of the stew .
[ "The Hebrew Bible states that Esau , returning famished from the fields , begged Jacob to give him some of the stew ." ]
[ "Samuel berates him for not carrying out the mass extermination completely , so Saul repents and begs Samuel to go with him . Samuel refuses and leaves , but Saul grabs at him , tearing part of Samuel 's mantle , for which Samuel says that part of Saul 's kingdom will be torn off and given to another ." ]
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The Concentric zone model , or Burgess model is a model to explain how a settlement , such as a city will grow .
[ "The Concentric ring model also known as the Burgess model is one of the earliest theoretical models to explain urban social structures ." ]
[ "Systematics , in other words , is used to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth ." ]
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It was developed by Ernest W. Burgess between 1925 and 1929 .
[ "It was created by sociologist Ernest Burgess in 1925 ." ]
[ "He returned to Columbia University from 1940 to 1962 ." ]
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They prefer full sun throughout the day .
[ "They prefer full sun throughout the day and mesic soils ." ]
[ "Many remain dormant during rainless times ." ]
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The flowers usually start to fade a few hours before the petals start curling .
[ "The flowers usually start to fade a couple of hours before the petals start showing visible curling ." ]
[ "These seeds are harvested just prior to the pods becoming ripe and bursting ." ]
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Ipomoea aquatica , known as `` water spinach '' , `` water morning-glory '' , `` water convolvulus '' , `` Ong-Choy '' , `` Kang-kung '' , or `` swamp cabbage '' , is used as a green vegetable .
[ "Ipomoea aquatica , known as water spinach , water morning-glory , water convolvulus , Ong-Choy , Kang-kung , or swamp cabbage , is popularly used as a green vegetable especially in East and Southeast Asian cuisines ." ]
[ "In America , it is possible to come across names such as `` Szechwan pepper , '' `` Chinese pepper , '' `` Japanese pepper , '' `` aniseed pepper , '' `` Sprice pepper , '' `` Chinese prickly-ash , '' `` Fagara , '' `` sansho , '' `` Nepal pepper , '' `` Indonesian lemon pepper , '' and others , sometimes referrin...
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Morning glory is a common flowering plant .
[ "Morning glory is a common name for over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae , whose current taxonomy and systematics is in flux . Morning glory species belong to many genera , some of which are :" ]
[ "It is a highly successful and fertile species , which makes it a serious invader ." ]
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Most morning glory flowers curl up and close during the warm parts of the day , and are wide open in the morning , like their name .
[ "Most morning glory flowers curl up and close during the warm parts of the day , and are fully open in the morning , thus their name ." ]
[ "The Komodo dragon hunts in the afternoon , but stays in the shade during the hottest part of the day ." ]
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Coronae on Miranda are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen .
[ "Mirandan coronae are named after the locations of plays by Shakespeare ." ]
[ "The bulk of the asteroids discovered by Wolf around this date were named for characters in operas , but if this name was also drawn from such a source , no explanation has been recorded ." ]
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This is a list of named geological things on Miranda .
[ "This is a list of named geological features on Miranda ." ]
[ "These are the major rivers of Asia ." ]
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Scarps on Miranda are called rupes .
[ "Mirandan scarps are called rupes ." ]
[ "Therein , it is placed in the monotypic genus Roraimia ." ]
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They are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen .
[ "They are named after the locations of plays by Shakespeare ." ]
[ "The third act becomes a play within a play , in which the characters in the puppet play are portrayed by humans ." ]
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sulci on Miranda are named after the places where plays by Shakespeare happen .
[ "Mirandan sulci are named after the locations of plays by Shakespeare ." ]
[ "Both are named after lakes on Earth ." ]
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Craters on Miranda are named after characters in Shakespeare 's play The Tempest .
[ "Mirandan craters are named after characters in Shakespeare 's The Tempest ." ]
[ "Discovered by William Herschel in 1787 , Oberon is named after the mythical king of the fairies who appears as a character in Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream ." ]
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He is a well-known economist , investor , businessperson , politician , former Senator , and leader of the presidential and parliamentary electoral coalition Coalition for Change .
[ "He is a well-known economist , investor , capitalist , politician , former Senator , and leader of the presidential and parliamentary electoral coalition Coalition for Change ." ]
[ "Their respective choices were a result of their parties ' official colors - red for the Labor Party , and blue for the Conservative Party ." ]
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Since neither candidate received more than half of the total votes , Chileans returned to the polls for a final run-off election on Sunday , January 17 , 2010 .
[ "Neither candidate received more than half of the total votes ; therefore , according to the Constitution , Chileans returned to the polls for a final run-off election on Sunday , January 17 , 2010 ." ]
[ "After obtaining 25.87 % of the vote in the first round of France 's presidential elections , Royal qualified for the second round of voting but lost with 46.94 % to Nicolas Sarkozy on May 6 , 2007 ." ]
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Miguel Juan Sebastià n Pià era Echenique ; born December 1 , 1949 ) is the current President of Chile having won the second round of the presidential election that took place on January 17 , 2010 , and subsequently taking office on March 11 , 2010 .
[ "Miguel Juan Sebastià n Pià era Echenique ( ; born December 1 , 1949 ) is the current President of Chile . He won the second round of the presidential election that took place on January 17 , 2010 and took office on March 11 , 2010 ." ]
[ "Antonio Ramà n Villaraigosa ( ; born January 23 , 1953 ) , born Antonio Ramà n Villar , Jr. , is the 41st and current Mayor of Los Angeles , California , the third Mexican American to have ever held office in the city of Los Angeles and the first in over 130 years ." ]
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1376 was a leap year starting on Tuesday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar .
[ "Year 1376 ( MCCCLXXVI ) was a leap year starting on Tuesday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar ." ]
[ "Year 1950 ( MCML ) was a common year starting on Sunday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Gregorian calendar ." ]
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There are not very many gargoyles made today .
[ "Although not designed to drain water and therefore technically not gargoyles , the grotesques on modern structures are still considered by most people to be gargoyles ." ]
[ "It is present among many cultures throughout history both as decorative motifs and as art pieces themselves ." ]
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There are not a lot of gargoyles in America , as most of them are in Europe .
[ "Gargoyles can be found on many churches and other buildings ." ]
[ "Follies are found worldwide , but they are particularly abundant in Great Britain ." ]
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Ordinary Things : Poems From a Walk in Early Spring is a young adult book of poetry by Ralph Fletcher , with drawings by Walter Lyon Krudop .
[ "Ordinary Things : Poems From a Walk in Early Spring is a young adult book of poetry by Ralph Fletcher , illustrated by Walter Lyon Krudop ." ]
[ "Grandpa Never Lies is a children 's book written by Ralph Fletcher and illustrated by Harvey Stevenson ." ]
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Galileo took pictures of almost all of the surface of Metis and put constraints on its composition .
[ "Galileo imaged almost all of the surface of Metis and put constraints on its composition by 1998 ." ]
[ "Combining their observations with thermal measurements taken in November 2000 , the team estimated the size of the components of the system ." ]
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In 1983 it was named after the mythological Metis , a Titaness who was the first wife of Zeus ( the Greek equivalent of Jupiter ) .
[ "In 1983 it was officially named after the mythological Metis , a Titaness who was the first wife of Zeus ( the Greek equivalent of Jupiter ) ." ]
[ "Thalassa was named after sea goddesss Thalassa , a daughter of Aether and Hemera from Greek mythology ." ]
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Metis not a sphere and measures 60 Ã -- 40 Ã -- 34 km across .
[ "Metis has an irregular shape and measures 60 Ã -- 40 Ã -- 34 km across , which makes it the second smallest of the four inner satellites of Jupiter ." ]
[ "Hektor is one of the most elongated bodies of its size in the solar system , being 370 Ã -- 200 km ." ]
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The composition and mass of Metis are not known , but assuming that its mean density is like that of Amalthea ( ~ 0.86 g\/cm  ) , its mass can be estimated as ~ 7 à -- 1016 kg .
[ "The bulk composition and mass of Metis are not known , but assuming that its mean density is like that of Amalthea ( ~ 0.86 g\\/cm  ) , its mass can be estimated as ~ 3.6 à -- 1016 kg ." ]
[ "Mercury 's density is the second highest in the Solar System at 5.427 g\\/cm3 , only slightly less than Earthâ s density of 5.515 g\\/cm3 ." ]
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Metis was found in 1979 by Stephen P. Synnott in images taken by the Voyager 1 probe .
[ "Metis was discovered in 1979 by Stephen P. Synnott in images taken by the Voyager 1 probe and was provisionally designated as ' ." ]
[ "Because the moon is small and dark , it was not seen in the heavily scrutinized images taken by Voyager 2 during its Uranus flyby in 1986 ." ]
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The images taken by Voyager 1 showed Metis only as a dot , and very little was known about Metis until the arrival of the Galileo spacecraft .
[ "The photographs taken by Voyager 1 showed Metis only as a dot , and hence knowledge about Metis was very limited until the arrival of the Galileo spacecraft ." ]
[ "Voyager 2s closest approach to Neptune occurred on August 25 , 1989 . Since this was the last major planet the spacecraft could visit , it was decided to make a close flyby of the moon Triton , regardless of the consequences to the trajectory , similarly to what was done for Voyager 1s encounter with Saturn and it...
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Amalthea 's density implies that moon is composed of water ice with a porosity of 10-15 % , and Adrastea may be similar .
[ "Metis ' density implies that that moon is composed of water ice with a porosity of 10 â `` 15 % , and Adrastea may be similar ." ]
[ "The original asteroid was not disturbed heavily : the original body is calculated to have been 60 km in diameter , about the same size as Pasiphaà `` ; Pasiphaà `` retains 99 % of the original body 's mass. ." ]
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Ilian Stoyanov ( born 20 January 1977 ) is a Bulgarian football player .
[ "Ilian Stoyanov ( born January 20 , 1977 ) is a Bulgarian football player , defender ." ]
[ "Branko Hucika ( born July 10 , 1977 ) is a former Croatian football player ." ]
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Same templates create their own fake thumbnail frames .
[ "Some templates create their own fake thumbnail frames ." ]
[ "So you should see a small image to the right without any image caption , since Wikipedia again accepts `` pxpx '' ." ]
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In an informal poll that took place on October 2 2006 , Ban received fourteen favourable votes and one `` no opinion '' from the fifteen members of the Security Council ; the Japanese delegation the only nation that was not in full agreement .
[ "In the final informal poll on 2 October , Ban received fourteen favorable votes and one abstention ( `` no opinion '' ) from the fifteen members of the Security Council ." ]
[ "Criticism of the bank , that the President is always a citizen of the United States , nominated by the President of the United States ( though subject to the `` approval '' of the other member countries ) ." ]
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Ban was the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Korea ( South Korea ) from January 2004 to November 1 2006 .
[ "Ban was the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Korea from January 2004 to November 2006 ." ]
[ "He served as Egypt 's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 1977 until early 1991 ." ]
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More importantly , Ban was the only one to escape a veto , while each of the five other candidates received at least one `` no '' vote from the five permanent members of the council â '' People 's Republic of China , France , Russia , the United Kingdom , and the United States .
[ "More importantly , Ban was the only one to escape a veto ; each of the other candidates received at least one `` no '' vote from among the five permanent members ." ]
[ "Every facet of life in the prison was strictly set out by a bloated and intricate prison regulation scheme designed before the prisoners ' arrival by the Four Powers â '' France , Britain , the Soviet Union , and the United States ." ]
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Ban joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in May 1970 and worked his way up during the years of the Yusin Constitution .
[ "He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in May 1970 , and worked his way up the career ladder during the years of the Yusin Constitution ." ]
[ "His political career spanned over half a century , from 1917 to 1973 ; he served multiple terms as head of government and head of state , and is credited with a leading role in the authorship of the present-day Constitution of Ireland ." ]
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He got the most votes in each of the four straw polls conducted by the UN Security Council on July 24 , 14 September , September 28 and October 2 .
[ "Of the seven candidates , he topped each of the four straw polls conducted by the United Nations Security Council : on 24 July , 14 September , 28 September , and 2 October ." ]
[ "It officially began on June 1 , 1990 , and lasted until November 30 , 1990 ." ]
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Ban Ki-moon ( born June 13 1944 in Eumseong , North Chungcheong , Korea ) is a South Korean former politician . He became the Secretary-General of the United Nations on January 1 , 2007 , after Kofi Annan .
[ "Ban Ki-moon ( hanja : æ 1\\/2 å æ -- ; born 13 June 1944 ) is the eighth and current Secretary-General of the United Nations , after succeeding Kofi Annan in 2007 ." ]
[ "John William Snow ( born August 2 , 1939 , in Toledo , Ohio ) was the CEO of CSX Corporation , and served as the 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury under U.S. President George W. Bush ." ]
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On October 9 , the Security Council formally chose Ban as its nominee .
[ "On 9 October , the Security Council formally chose Ban as its nominee ." ]
[ "On 18 September 1975 , he was appointed Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus - a post he held until December 1977 - , when he rejoined the Peruvian Foreign Service ." ]
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He has been posted twice to the Republic of Korea ( ROK ) Embassy in Washington , D.C. Between these two assignments he served as Director-General for American Affairs in 1990 -- 1992 .
[ "He has been posted twice to the Republic of Korea embassy in Washington , D.C. Between these two assignments he served as Director-General for American Affairs in 1990 â `` 1992 ." ]
[ "Until 1981 he served as Head of Unit in the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs and from 1981 he returned to the Federal Ministry of Finance ." ]
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On October 13 , the 192-member General Assembly adopted a resolution , by acclamation , appointing Ban as Secretary-General .
[ "On 13 October , the 192-member General Assembly acclaimed Ban as Secretary-General ." ]
[ "The panel was first established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization ( WMO ) and the United Nations Environment Programme ( UNEP ) , two organizations of the United Nations -- an action confirmed on 6 December 1988 by the United Nations General Assembly through Resolution 43\\/53 ." ]
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He was promoted to the position of Deputy Minister for Policy Planning and International Organizations in 1995 . He was then appointed National Security Advisor to the President in 1996 , and assumed the office of Vice Minister in 2000 .
[ "He was promoted to the position of Deputy Minister for Policy Planning and International Organizations in 1995 and then appointed National Security Advisor to the President in 1996 ." ]
[ "Andris Piebalgs first served as the Ambassador of Latvia in Estonia ( 1995 â `` 1997 ) , where he helped to solve the sea border issue between the two states . In 1997 he became the Latvian Ambassador to the EU ." ]
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Ban received his bachelor 's degree in International Relations from Seoul National University in 1970 and earned a Master of Public Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 1985 .
[ "Ban received a B.A. in International Relations from Seoul National University in 1970 , and earned a Master of Public Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 1985 ." ]
[ "Rucker attended St. Xavier High School before earning a B.A. in mathematics from Swarthmore College , and a Master 's and Ph. D. in mathematics from Rutgers University ." ]
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In February 2006 , Ban announced his candidacy to replace Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General at the end of 2006 . He was the first South Korean to run for Secretary-General .
[ "In February 2006 , Ban declared his candidacy to replace Kofi Annan as UN Secretary-General at the end of 2006 , becoming the first South Korean to run for the office ." ]
[ "The UNDP Administrator is the third highest ranking official of the United Nations after the United Nations Secretary-General and Deputy Secretary-General ." ]
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the main Parties are the Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) and the Civic United Front ( CUF ) .
[ "There are many political parties in Zanzibar , but the main Parties are the Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) and the Civic United Front ( CUF ) ." ]
[ "Jonathan is a member of the ruling People 's Democratic Party ( PDP ) ." ]
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There is also a possibility of oil exploration in Zanzibar on the island of Pemba .
[ "There is also a possibility of oil availability in Zanzibar on the island of Pemba , and efforts have been made by the Tanzanian Government and Zanzibar revolutionary Government to exploit what could be one of the most significant discoveries in recent memory ." ]
[ "Since then , an additional six oil fields have been discovered in the western panhandle of Florida ." ]
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The archipelago was once the separate state of Zanzibar , which united with Tanganyika to form Tanzania ( derived from the two names ) . Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous within the union , with its own government .
[ "This United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar was soon renamed ( as a portmanteau ) the United Republic of Tanzania , of which Zanzibar remains a semi-autonomous region ." ]
[ "Dodoma ( literally `` It has sunk '' in Gogo ) , officially Dodoma Urban District , population 324,347 ( 2002 census ) , is the national capital of Tanzania , and the capital of the Dodoma region ." ]
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Zanzibar 's main industries are spices ( which include cloves , nutmeg , cinnamon and pepper ) , raffia , and tourism .
[ "Zanzibar 's main industries are spices , raffia , and tourism . In particular , the islands produce cloves , nutmeg , cinnamon and pepper ." ]
[ "The principal exports of Victoria are vanilla , coconuts , coconut oil , soap , and guano ." ]
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There are numerous small islands and two large ones : Unguja ( the main island , sometimes informally referred to as ` Zanzibar ' ) , and Pemba Island .
[ "Unguja comprises three administrative regions : Zanzibar Central\\/South , Zanzibar North and Zanzibar Urban\\/West . Pemba has two : Pemba North and Pemba South ." ]
[ "Mamoudzou , known as Momoju in the local Shimaore language , is the most populated commune ( municipality ) of Mayotte . It is located on Grande-Terre ( or Mahorà ) , the main island of Mayotte ." ]
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Since the early 1990s , the politics of the archipelago have been marked by repeated violent clashes between these two political parties .
[ "Since the early 1990s , the politics of the archipelago have been marked by repeated clashes between these two political parties ." ]
[ "The conflict , which started as a political and nationalist conflict over competing territorial ambitions following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire , has shifted over the years from the large scale regional Arabâ `` Israeli conflict to a more local Israeliâ `` Palestinian conflict , though the Arab world and Is...
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Zanzibar 's main industries are spices ( which include cloves , nutmeg , cinnamon and pepper ) , raffia , and tourism . Zanzibar is also the home of the endemic Zanzibar Red Colobus and the elusive Zanzibar Leopard .
[ "Zanzibar was famous worldwide for its spices and its slaves ." ]
[ "The principal exports of Victoria are vanilla , coconuts , coconut oil , soap , and guano ." ]
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Members from both the ruling party , Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) , and the opposition Civic United Front ( CUF ) disagreed with Mr Pinda 's interpretation and stand firmly in recognizing Zanzibar as a fully autonomous and full state . The move was not recognized by the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania .
[ "Members from both the ruling party , Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) , and the opposition Civic United Front ( CUF ) disagreed with Mr Pinda 's interpretation and stand firmly in recognizing Zanzibar as a fully autonomous and full state , the move which is widely unrecognized by the formation of the Government of the ...
[ "Eritrea 's relations with the Sudan has been normalised . Meanwhile , Eritrea has been recognized as a broker for peace between the separate factions of the Sudanese civil war : `` It is known that Eritrea played a role in bringing about the peace agreement ( between the Southern Sudanese and Government ) . ''" ]
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In 2008 , Tanzanian president Jakaya Kikwete tried to silence the debate when he addressed the nation in a live conference by saying that Zanzibar is a state internal but semi-state international .
[ "In 2008 , Tanzanian president Jakaya Kikwete tried to silence the matter when he addressed the nation in a live conference by saying that Zanzibar is a state internal but semi-state international ." ]
[ "For these activities , the British government banned him as a criminal for two years ." ]
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The Government of Zanzibar legalized foreign exchange bureaux on the islands .
[ "The Government of Zanzibar legalized foreign exchange bureaus on the islands before mainland Tanzania moved to do so ." ]
[ "The SPÃ -- proposed a stricter control over prices in addition to the reduction of brokerage commissions ." ]
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Zanzibar is also the home of the endemic Zanzibar Red Colobus and the elusive Zanzibar Leopard .
[ "Zanzibar 's ecology is of note for being the home of the endemic Zanzibar Red Colobus and the ( possibly extinct ) Zanzibar Leopard ." ]
[ "Besides chimpanzees , primates inhabiting Gombe Stream include beachcomber olive baboons , red-tailed monkeys and vervet monkeys ." ]
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Zanzibar has its own government , known as the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar .
[ "As a semi-autonomous part of Tanzania , Zanzibar has its own government , known as the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar ." ]
[ "Humat Al-Hima ( Defenders of the Homeland ) is the national anthem of Tunisia ." ]
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The capital of Zanzibar , located on the island of Unguja , is Zanzibar City .
[ "Of this , around two thirds of the people â `` 622,459 â `` live on Zanzibar Island ( Unguja ) , with the greatest proportion settled in the densely populated west . Zanzibar 's largest settlement is Zanzibar Town ( sometimes called Zanzibar City ) , on Zanzibar Island , with 205,870 inhabitants ." ]
[ "It is the dominant form of Islam in Oman and Zanzibar ." ]
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