query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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There are some reducing agents ( chemicals that reduce another chemical ) that can be used . Methanol ( an alcohol ) , sulfur dioxide ( a gas made by burning sulfur ) , hydrochloric acid ( a common acid ) , or hydrogen peroxide can be used . | [
"It is produced with high efficiency by reducing sodium chlorate in a strong acid solution with a suitable reducing agent such as methanol , hydrogen peroxide , hydrochloric acid or sulfur dioxide ."
] | [
"Mercury ( I ) nitrate is formed when elemental mercury is combined with dilute nitric acid ( concentrated nitric acid will yield mercury ( II ) nitrate ) . Mercury ( I ) nitrate is a reducing agent which is oxidized upon contact with air ."
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Sodium chlorite can react with a mixture of sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid to make chlorine dioxide . | [
"Traditionally , chlorine dioxide for disinfection applications has been made by one of three methods using sodium chlorite or the sodium chlorite - hypochlorite method :"
] | [
"For example a mixture of potassium chlorate and sugar will burn when concentrated sulfuric acid is added due to chloric acid production . Because sulfur tends to contain acidic impurities , it will form highly unstable mixtures with potassium chlorate due to chloric acid being produced ."
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"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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There are even more ways to make chlorine dioxide . | [
"A much smaller but important market for chlorine dioxide is for use as a disinfectant . Since 1999 a growing proportion of the chlorine dioxide made globally for water treatment and other small scale applications has been made using the chlorate , hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid method which can produce a chlo... | [
"Also disproportioning of hypobromous acid will give bromous acid and hydrobromic acid ."
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Sodium chlorite reacts with hydrochloric acid to make chlorine dioxide . | [
"All three sodium chlorite chemistries can produce chlorine dioxide with high chlorite conversion yield , but unlike the other processes the chlorite-HCl method produces completely chlorine free chlorine dioxide but suffers from the requirement of 25 % more chlorite to produce an equivalent amount of chlorine dioxi... | [
"The free zinc ion is a powerful Lewis acid up to the point of being corrosive . Stomach acid contains hydrochloric acid , in which metallic zinc dissolves readily to give corrosive zinc chloride ."
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Jean-Alain Boumsong ( born 14 December 1979 ) is a French football player . | [
"Jean-Alain Boumsong-Somkong ( born December 14 , 1979 , in Douala ) is a professional football defender who currently plays for Panathinaikos and the French national team ."
] | [
"Ludovic Sylvestre ( born 5 February 1984 ) is a French football player of Guadeloupean descent ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The members were Lawrence Livermore ( more commonly known as Larry Livermore ) on guitar and vocals , Kain Kong on bass and vocals and Trà Cool on drums and vocals . | [
"The members were Lawrence Livermore ( more commonly known as Larry Livermore ) on guitar and vocals , Kain Kong ( Kain Hanschke ) on bass and vocals and Tre Cool on drums and vocals ."
] | [
"Marc Moreland , guitarist for The Skulls began jamming with Ridgway at the Acme Soundtracks office and the soundtrack company morphed into a New Wave band . In 1977 , with the addition of Skulls members Bruce Moreland ( Marc Moreland 's brother ) as bassist and Chas T. Gray as keyboardist , along with Joe Nanini ,... | SimpleWiki | {
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The band is most famous for being Trà Cool 's first band before joining Green Day . | [
"The band is most famous for being Tre Cool 's first band before joining Green Day ."
] | [
"The Maccabees Guitarist Felix White was formerly in a band with close friend and current solo artist Jack Peà ate . This band was called Jack 's Basement also an indie band ."
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The Lookouts were an American punk rock band from 1985 to 1990 . | [
"The Lookouts were an American punk rock band that existed from 1985 to 2010 on Iron Peak , a remote rural mountain community outside of Laytonville , CA ."
] | [
"Skin Yard was a grunge band from Seattle , Washington , who were active from 1985 to 1992 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Yoda is a character from the Star Wars universe . He is a Jedi Master who plays an important part in the films . | [
"Yoda is portrayed as an incredibly powerful Jedi Master in the Star Wars universe , being one of the most powerful ever ."
] | [
"Though little about about Maul 's history is supplied in The Phantom Menace , the lore of Star Wars literature prior to The Clone Wars attempted to provide a backstory for the character ."
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After this split there are about 180 species within the genus . | [
"After this split there are roughly 180 species within the genus , all but one being confined to Eurasia ."
] | [
"As of 2008 , these are the only known Wilson primes ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The genus once had nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America . After morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s , it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera . | [
"The genus once contained nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America , but after morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s , it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera ."
] | [
"A 2003 study of thirty species ( by Sean Brady of Cornell University ) indicates that the ecitonine and doryline army ants together formed a monophyletic group : all shared identical genetic markers that suggest a common ancestor . Brady concluded that these two groups are therefore a single lineage that evolved i... | SimpleWiki | {
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Aster is a genus of flowering plants . It belongs in the family Asteraceae . | [
"is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae ."
] | [
"Gaillardia , the Blanket flowers , is a genus of drought-tolerant annual and perennial plants from the sunflower family ( Asteraceae ) , native to North and South America ."
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Nacozari de Garcà a is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico . | [
"Nacozari de Garcà a ( municipality ) is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico ."
] | [
"The Yaqui River ( RÃ o Yaqui in Spanish ) ( Hiak Vatwe in Yaqui ) is a river in the state of Sonora in northwestern Mexico ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Platybelodon is a extinct genus of large herbivorous mammal related to the elephants . | [
"Platybelodon ( `` flat-spear tusk '' ) was a genus of large herbivorous mammal related to the elephant ( order Proboscidea ) ."
] | [
"Arsinoitherium is an extinct genus of paenungulate mammal related to elephants , sirenians , hyraxes and the extinct desmostylians , as well as to other extinct embrithopods . These species were rhinoceros-like herbivores that lived during the late Eocene and the early Oligocene of northern Africa from 36 to 30 mi... | SimpleWiki | {
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It lived during the Miocene Epoch , about 25 million years ago , and ranged over Africa , Europe , Asia and North America . | [
"It lived during the Miocene Epoch , about 15-4 million years ago , and ranged over Africa , Europe , Asia and North America ."
] | [
"However it is declining in many areas including the Northern and Western United States , Oceania ( Australia and New Zealand ) , northern Europe ( including Great Britain , Scandinavia and other places ) , France , Germany , the Canadian provinces of Ontario , British Columbia , and Quebec , and parts of Asia ( es... | SimpleWiki | {
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Fort Walton Beach is a city in Okaloosa County , Florida , United States . | [
"Fort Walton Beach is a city in southern Okaloosa County , Florida , United States ."
] | [
"Bonifay is a city in Holmes County , Florida , United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The University of Southern California ( also called USC , SC , and Southern California is a private , research university located in the Exposition Park neighborhood in Los Angeles , California , USA . | [
"The University of Southern California ( USC ) is a private , not-for-profit , nonsectarian , research university located in Los Angeles , California , USA ."
] | [
"Yale University is a private Ivy League university located in New Haven , Connecticut , United States of America ."
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USC was founded in 1880 , and it is California 's oldest private research university . | [
"USC was founded in 1880 , making it California 's oldest private research university ."
] | [
"Suffolk University is a private , non-sectarian , university located in Boston , Massachusetts and with over 16,000 students it is the third largest university in Boston ."
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Christine Lieberknecht ( born 7 May 1958 ) is a German politician of the CDU . | [
"Christine Lieberknecht ( born May 7 , 1958 in Weimar ) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) ."
] | [
"Jens Seipenbusch ( born August 6 , 1968 ) is a German politician and physicist ."
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In 2009 the CDU lost their absolute majority in the state election in Thuringia . The Minister-President of Thuringia , Dieter Althaus , resigned . | [
"She currently serves as minister-president of the state of Thuringia since 2009 , and as chairwoman of the CDU state party in Thuringia ."
] | [
"The first Green cabinet minister in German history was going to be Joschka Fischer who later became minister of Foreign Affairs in the German Federal Government under Chancellor Gerhard Schrà der ."
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Sanborn is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Sanborn is a city in O'Brien County , Iowa , United States ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Perdita is a closer moon to Uranus . | [
"Perdita is an inner satellite of Uranus ."
] | [
"Stephano ( or ) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Uranus ."
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Following its discovery in 1999 , Perdita was given the designation of S\/1986 U 10 . | [
"Following its discovery in 1999 , it was given the temporary designation of S\\/1986 U 10 ."
] | [
"It is also known as Saturn XLIX ; its provisional designation was S\\/2007 S 4 ."
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These moons have similar orbits and photometric properties . | [
"These satellites have similar orbits and photometric properties ."
] | [
"It is easily the largest of the F-type asteroids , but there exist very few details of its internal composition or shape , and no lightcurve analysis has yet been done to determining the ecliptic coordinates of Interamnia 's poles ( and hence its axial tilt ) ."
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Perdita 's discovery was not simple . | [
"Perdita 's discovery was complicated ."
] | [
"Beautiful , also , is the sun ."
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Perdita belongs to Portia Group of moons , which also includes Bianca , Cressida , Desdemona , Portia , Juliet , Cupid , Rosalind and Belinda . | [
"Perdita belongs to Portia Group of satellites , which also includes Bianca , Cressida , Desdemona , Portia , Juliet , Cupid , Rosalind and Belinda ."
] | [
"Three of Uranus 's moons are named after characters from The Rape of the Lock : Belinda , Umbriel , and Ariel , the last name also ( previously ) appearing in Shakespeare 's The Tempest ."
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But because no further pictures could be taken to confirm its existence , it was thought to be non-existent in 2001 . | [
"But because no further pictures could be taken to confirm its existence , it was officially demoted in 2001 ."
] | [
"After the child 's visit to the cave , evidence suggests that the cave had been untouched until discovered in 1994 ."
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It was named after the daughter of Leontes and Hermione in William Shakespeare 's play The Winter 's Tale . | [
"It was named Perdita ( Latin for ` lost ' ) after the daughter of Leontes and Hermione in William Shakespeare 's play The Winter 's Tale ."
] | [
"Tybalt is a fictional character and the main antagonist in William Shakespeare 's play Romeo and Juliet ."
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The first pictures of Perdita were taken by the Voyager 2 spacecraft in 1986 , but it was not recognized from the photographs for more than a decade . | [
"The first photographs of Perdita were taken by the Voyager 2 spacecraft in 1986 , but it was not recognized from the photographs for more than a decade ."
] | [
"The most surprising discovery in the Jovian system was the existence of volcanic activity on the moon Io , which had not been observed either from the ground , or by Pioneer 10 or 11 ."
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Unfortunately , other than its orbit , radius of 15 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 almost nothing is known about it . | [
"Little is known about Perdita apart from its orbit , radius of 15 km and geometric albedo of 0.08 ."
] | [
"10 Hygiea is an asteroid located in the main asteroid belt . With somewhat oblong diameters of 350 â `` 500 km , and a mass estimated to be 2.9 % of the total mass of the belt , it is the fourth largest object in the region by volume and mass. ."
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VÃ stmanland is a historical Swedish province , or landskap , in middle Sweden . | [
"' is a historical Swedish province , or landskap , in middle Sweden ."
] | [
"Orust is an island in western Sweden , and Sweden 's third largest island ."
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Walgreens is a pharmacy chain throughout North America . | [
"Walgreens provides access to consumer goods and services and pharmacy , health and wellness services in America through its retail drugstores , Walgreens Health Services division and Walgreens Health and Wellness division . Walgreens Health Services offers pharmacy patients and prescription drug and medical plans ... | [
"Domino 's Pizza , Inc. is an international pizza delivery corporation headquartered in Ann Arbor , Michigan , United States ."
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Eddyville is a city of Kentucky in the United States . | [
"Eddyville is a city in Lyon County , Kentucky , United States ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
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B , C , D , F , G , H , J , K , L , M , N , P , Q , R , S , T , V , W , X , ( sometimes Y ) , and Z. `` Y '' is often used as a consonant , but it is sometimes used as a vowel . | [
"Consonant letters in the English alphabet are B , C , D , F , G , H , J , K , L , M , N , P , Q , R , S , T , V , X , Z , and usually W and Y : The letter Y stands for the consonant ( j ) in `` yoke '' , and for the vowel ( É ) in `` myth '' , for example ; W is almost always a consonant except in rare words ( mos... | [
"This template converts Arabic numerals ( that is , 1 , 2 , 3 , etc ) into Roman numerals ( I , II , III etc ) ."
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For example , in the word yellow , y is a consonant . | [
"The word consonant is also used to refer to a letter of an alphabet that denotes a consonant sound ."
] | [
"However , on Latin Braille for many of the initial consonants and simple vowels ( based on romanizations of a century ago ) , but the blocks pull double duty , with different values depending on whether they 're placed in syllable-initial or syllable-final position ."
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The word was first used in England for the king 's officers , such as sheriffs and mayors . It was also the title for the chief officer of a hundred . | [
"The term was first applied in England to the king 's officers generally , such as sheriffs , mayors , etc. , and more particularly to the chief officer of a hundred ."
] | [
"For the same reason , the word senate is correctly used when referring to any powerful authority characteristically composed by the eldest members of a community , as a deliberative body of a faculty in an institution of higher learning is often called a senate . The original senate was the Roman Senate , which la... | SimpleWiki | {
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The sheriff looked after an area called his bailiwick . Bailiff is kept as a title by the chief magistrates of various towns and the keepers of royal castles , such as the High Bailiff of Westminster , and the Bailiff of Dover Castle . | [
"The county within which the sheriff exercises his jurisdiction is still called his bailiwick , while the term bailiff is retained as a title by the chief magistrates of various towns and the keepers of royal castles , such as the High Bailiff of Westminster , the Bailiff of Dover Castle , etc. ."
] | [
"Aylesbury was declared the county town of Buckinghamshire in 1529 by King Henry VIII : Aylesbury Manor was among the many properties belonging to Thomas Boleyn the father of Anne Boleyn and it is rumored that the change was made by the king in order to curry favor with the holders of the manor . ( Previously the c... | SimpleWiki | {
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Tatsunori Arai ( born 22 December 1983 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Shonan Bellmare . | [
"Tatsunori Arai is a Japanese footballer who plays for Shonan Bellmare ."
] | [
"Hyun Young-Min ( born 25 December 1979 ) is a South Korean football player who currently plays for FC Seoul ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Latresne is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Latresne is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Bayon-sur-Gironde ( Baion in Occitan ) is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ."
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Hiroki Kobayashi ( born 24 May 1977 ) is a former Japanese football player . | [
"Hiroki Kobayashi ( born May 24 , 1977 in Shizuoka , Shizuoka , Japan ) is a former Japanese football player ."
] | [
"Dirk Lehmann ( born 16 August 1971 ) is a retired German association football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Nebo is a city of Kentucky in the United States . | [
"Nebo is a city in Hopkins County , Kentucky , United States ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Mallemort is a commune of 5,501 people ( 2005 ) . It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-C à te d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rh à ne department in the south of France . | [
"Mallemort is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rh à ne department in southern France ."
] | [
"Cuges-les-Pins is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rh à ne in the Provence-Alpes-C à te d'Azur region in southern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Tenay is a commune . | [
"Tenay is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
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Since 1998 , almost all of the corporation 's national TV and radio news by BBC News is made there too . | [
"Most BBC national and international TV output comes from Television Centre , as well as , in more recent years , that of Radio 5 Live and , since 1998 , most of the corporation 's national TV and radio news output ."
] | [
"In addition , over 500,000 copies were sold within a week in Mainland China ."
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Futabasaurus was a plesiosaur from the Upper Cretaceous . | [
"It is not the same as the plesiosaur named Futabasaurus ."
] | [
"Velafrons ( meaning `` sailed forehead '' ) is a genus of lambeosaurine hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Mexico ."
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It is named after an industrial chemist called Ernst BÃ 1\/4 chner . | [
"It is commonly thought to be named for the Nobel Laureate , Eduard Buchner , but it is actually named for the industrial chemist Ernst BÃ 1\\/4 chner ."
] | [
"The words are taken from a German poem by Georg Philipp Schmidt ( von LÃ 1\\/4 beck ) ."
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Attached to the hole in the side there is a vacuum which sucks the air out of the BÃ 1\/4 chner flask . | [
"A vacuum tight seal and stability of the BÃ 1\\/4 chner flask and filter are essential during the filtration process . A BÃ 1\\/4 chner ring can be used with BÃ 1\\/4 chner funnels , flasks , glass crucibles and gooch crucibles ."
] | [
"Two perforated â splash platesâ or â diaphragmsâ prevent water spray from getting into the organ pipes ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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A bà 1\/4 chner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment which is used to filter or separate a liquid from a solid . It is named after an industrial chemist called Ernst Bà 1\/4 chner . | [
"It is often used in combination with a BÃ 1\\/4 chner flask , BÃ 1\\/4 chner ring and sinter seals ."
] | [
"A Florence flask ( also known as a boiling flask ) is a type of flask used as an item of laboratory glassware ."
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The date is different each year ( because the date of Easter varies ) . | [
"It is a moveable fast , falling on a different date each year because it is dependent on the date of Easter ."
] | [
"New Year 's Eve is observed on December 31 , the final day of the Gregorian calendar , the day before New Year 's Day ."
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Ash Wednesday is a very important part of Lent . | [
"These Christian denominations were among those that mark Ash Wednesday by holding a service of worship or Prayer Service . The Eastern Orthodox Church does not , in general , observe Ash Wednesday ; instead , Orthodox Great Lent begins on Clean Monday ."
] | [
"The visit is traditionally celebrated on Epiphany ( January 6 ) in Western Christianity ."
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In the Western Christian calendar , Ash Wednesday is the first day of Lent . | [
"Ash Wednesday , in the calendar of Western Christianity , is the first day of Lent and occurs 46 days before Easter ."
] | [
"New Year 's Eve is observed on December 31 , the final day of the Gregorian calendar , the day before New Year 's Day ."
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The Proto-Indo-European language ( PIE ) is the hypothetical common language that was spoken before the Indo-European languages developed . | [
"The Proto-Indo-European language ( PIE ) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages , spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans ."
] | [
"The ancient Thracians were a group of Indo-European tribes inhabiting areas in Southeastern Europe . They spoke the Thracian language â `` a scarcely attested branch of the Indo-European language family ."
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The asterisk is used to mark reconstructed PIE words , such as \* wà drÌ ` water ' , \* á wá `` n ` dog ' , or \* trà yes ` three ( masculine ) ' . | [
"An asterisk is used to mark reconstructed PIE words , such as \\* wà drÌ ` water ' , \\* á wá `` n ` dog ' ( English hound ) , or \\* trà yes ` three ( masculine ) ' ."
] | [
"The first element is the genitive case of Ç `` rn , ` eagle ' and the last element is dalr , meaning ` valley ' or ` dale ' ."
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The idea that there was such a language was supported by the fact , that in 1927 Jerzy KuryÅ owicz discovered some of the phonemes , one supposed to be Proto-Indo-European in Anatolian . | [
"Notably , the laryngeal theory , in its early forms discussed since the 1880s , became mainstream after Jerzy KuryÅ owicz 's 1927 discovery of the survival of at least some of these hypothetical phonemes in Anatolian ."
] | [
"The name of a separate ancient part of MoÅ ovce , a former settlement Chornukov , has been preserved in the modern form of Ä erÅ akov ."
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:"
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Christians believe that God has given Christians `` a new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead '' . | [
"God has given Christians `` a new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead '' ."
] | [
"Finally the high priest adjures Jesus to respond under solemn oath , saying `` I adjure you , by the Living God , to tell us , are you the Anointed One , the Son of God ? ''"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Religion:",
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The resurrection made people believe that Jesus was the powerful Son of God . It is also spoken of as proof that God will judge the world fairly . | [
"The resurrection established Jesus as the powerful Son of God and is cited as proof that God will judge the world in righteousness ."
] | [
"Thus , the Church is rightful inheritor of all the promises made to ethnic Israel ( land , kingdom , etc. ) , and Jews who reject Jesus as Messiah have no divine right of claim on those promises ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The New Testament teaches that the resurrection of Jesus , which Easter celebrates , is what Christianity is based on . | [
"The New Testament teaches that the resurrection of Jesus , which Easter celebrates , is a foundation of the Christian faith ."
] | [
"God is believed by most Christians to be immanent ( meaning that he is with and within all things ) , while others believe the plan of redemption in scriptures show he will be immanent later as seen in , , and , and most believe he is also transcendent ( meaning that he is outside space and time , and therefore et... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Christians believe that through faith in God they are spiritually made alive with Jesus so that they may lead a new life . | [
"Christians , through faith in the working of God are spiritually resurrected with Jesus so that they may walk in a new way of life ."
] | [
"It is the teaching that , as a consequence of the Fall of Man , every person born into the world is enslaved to the service of sin and , apart from the efficacious or prevenient grace of God , is utterly unable to choose to follow God or choose to accept salvation as it is offered ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Religion:",
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Gouy-en-Artois is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"Gouy-en-Artois is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Vieil-Hesdin ( Eng : Old-Hesdin ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:"
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Nicky Hofs ( born 17 May 1983 ) is a Dutch football player . | [
"Nicky Hofs ( born May 17 , 1983 , in Arnhem ) is a Dutch football midfielder , who currently plays for AEL Limassol ."
] | [
"Marlon de Souza Lopes ( born September 5 , 1976 ) is a Brazilian football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Sports:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Sports:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Sports:"
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Le Taillan-M Ã doc is a commune . It is found in the Aquitaine region in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Le Taillan-M Ã doc is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-Antoine ( Sent Antà ni in Occitan ) is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
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Montcornet , Aisne is a commune . | [
"Montcornet is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | [
"Saint-Christophe - Ã - Berry is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
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For the ballade as a musical ( instrumental ) form see ballade ( musical form ) . | [
"There are instances of a double ballade and double-refrain ballade ."
] | [
"For individual articles treating works for piano trio , see : Category : Compositions for piano trio ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Pain can happen just because the nerves do not work right . This is called neuropathic pain . | [
"Pain can be classed according to its location in the body , as in headache , low back pain and pelvic pain ; or according to the body system involved , such as myofascial pain ( emanating from skeletal muscles or the fibrous sheath surrounding them ) , rheumatic pain ( emanating from the joints and surrounding tis... | [
"Chest pain due to ischemia ( a lack of blood and hence oxygen supply ) of the heart muscle is termed angina pectoris ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Pain can be acute or chronic . | [
"Pain that lasts a long time is called chronic , and pain that resolves quickly is called acute . Traditionally , the distinction between acute and chronic pain has relied upon an arbitrary interval of time from onset ; the two most commonly used markers being 3 months and 6 months since the onset of pain , though ... | [
"Chest pain due to ischemia ( a lack of blood and hence oxygen supply ) of the heart muscle is termed angina pectoris ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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This is called neuropathic pain . | [
"It is a type of neuropathic pain ."
] | [
"It can be accompanied by yawning ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Chronic means the pain lasts a long time . | [
"Others apply acute to pain that lasts less than 30 days , chronic to pain of more than six months duration , and subacute to pain that lasts from one to six months . A popular alternative definition of chronic pain , involving no arbitrarily fixed durations is `` pain that extends beyond the expected period of hea... | [
"Sleepwalking in adults is less common , but when it does occur , the events occur three times more often per year and last for more years than in children . Sleepwalking in old age is rare and usually indicates another disorder ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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As the Reconquista was very successful after the conquest of Cordoba in 1236 , the emirate officially became a tributary state in 1238 and was called the Kingdom of Granada . | [
"With the Reconquista in full swing after the conquest of Cordoba in 1236 , the Moorish Nasrid dynasty aligned themselves with Ferdinand III of Castile , officially becoming a tributary state in 1238 . The state officially became the Kingdom of Granada in 1238 ."
] | [
"It is named after Abu l-Hasan Ali , or Muley Hacà n as he is known in Spanish , the penultimate Muslim King of Granada in the 15th century , who according to legend was buried on the summit of the mountain ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about History:",
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The Nasrid sultans and kings paid tribute to the Christian kings and cooperated with them in the battle against rebellious Muslims under Castilian rule . | [
"The Nasrid emirs and kings paid tribute to the Christian kings and collaborated with them in their battle against rebellious Muslims under Christian rule ."
] | [
"There was a second period when taifas arose , toward the middle of the 12th century , when the Almoravid rulers were in decline ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about History:"
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On January 2 , 1492 , the last Muslim leader , Muhammad XII , surrendered complete control of Granada , to Ferdinand and Isabella , after the city was besieged . | [
"On January 2 , 1492 , the last Muslim leader , Muhammad XII , known as Boabdil to the Spanish , surrendered complete control of Granada , to Ferdinand and Isabella , Los Reyes Catà licos ( `` The Catholic Monarchs '' ) , after the city was besieged ."
] | [
"Hispanidad or Spanish linguistic and cultural diffusion began on 12 October 1492 when Christopher Columbus initiated its European colonization of the Americas in the name of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book is an important source of early keyboard music from England . | [
"The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book is a primary source of keyboard music from the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean periods in England , i.e. , the late Renaissance and very early Baroque ."
] | [
"Morley 's Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke ( published 1597 ) remained popular for almost two hundred years after its author 's death , and remains an important reference for information about sixteenth century composition and performance ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Its name comes from Viscount Fitzwilliam who gave his music to Cambridge University in 1816 . | [
"It takes its name from Viscount Fitzwilliam who bequeathed this manuscript collection to Cambridge University in 1816 . It is now deposited in the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge ."
] | [
"The custodian is his great great grandson Barry Sterndale Bennett ( b. 1939 ) in collaboration with the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford . This continues to be available for research purposes ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Chimay is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Hainaut . | [
"Chimay a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Hainaut ."
] | [
"Boussu is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Hainaut ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
} |
Pocketful of Sunshine is a single by Natasha Bedingfield from her United States record of the same name . | [
"`` Pocketful of Sunshine '' is a pop song performed by Natasha Bedingfield for her second North American album Pocketful of Sunshine ."
] | [
"Love , Pain & the Whole Crazy Thing , or Love , Pain & the whole crazy thing as typeset on the cover art , is the fifth solo album by Australian country singer Keith Urban ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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It was released in 2008 . | [
"It was released as the album 's second single in 2008 ."
] | [
"The series runs to 13 volumes , the last appearing in September 2010 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Ecgà 3\/4 eow had killed a man from another clan and had to flee to the Danes . The Danish king Hroà gar accepted him as one of his warriors . | [
"The Danish king Hroà gar generously paid the weregild , and had Ecgà 3\\/4 eow swear an oath ."
] | [
"It was forged by Wayland the Smith and originally belonged to his father , Sigmund , who received it in the hall of the Volsung after pulling it out of the tree Barnstokk into which Odin had stuck itâ '' no-one else could pull it out ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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During the following night Grendel 's Mother arrived and Beowulf had an even harder fight against her , but he won . | [
"However , during the following night Grendel 's Mother arrived to avenge the death of Grendel and collect weregild . As Beowulf slept in a different building he could not stop her ."
] | [
"One day , in a lake near his house , the Laird of Lorntie went to aid a woman he thought drowning ; a servant of his pulled him back , warning that it was a mermaid , and the mermaid screamed after that she would have killed him if it were not for his servant ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Literature:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Literature:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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He was the son of Ecgà 3\/4 eow , a banished warrior of the Wà gmundings . | [
"Apparently , because the victim was from a prominent family the weregild was set too high , and so Ecgà 3\\/4 eow was banished and had to seek refuge among the Danes ."
] | [
"Among them was one woman , Fà timih Zarrà n Tà j Baraghà ni , a poetess , who later received the name of Tà hirih ( the Pure ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Carlisle Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral found in the city of Carlisle , in Cumbria , in England . | [
"The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity , otherwise called Carlisle Cathedral , is the seat of the Anglican Bishop of Carlisle . It is located in Carlisle , in Cumbria , North West England ."
] | [
"Consett is a town in the northwest of County Durham , England ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Stanley ( also known as Port Stanley ) is the capital city of the Falkland Islands . It is found on the island of East Falkland and has a population of 2,000 . | [
"Today , Stanley is the main shopping center on the islands and the hub of East Falkland 's road network ."
] | [
"The capital , Road Town , is situated on Tortola , the largest island which is approximately 20 k long and 5 k wide . The islands have a total population of about 22,000 , of whom approximately 18,000 live on Tortola ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Stanley ( also known as Port Stanley ) is the capital city of the Falkland Islands . | [
"Stanley ( also known as `` Port Stanley '' ) is the capital and only true city in the Falkland Islands ."
] | [
"Basseterre , estimated population 15,500 in 2000 , is the capital of the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis in the West Indies ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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} |
The Hail Mary is used within Roman Catholicism as the basis of the Rosary . | [
"The Hail Mary is used within Roman Catholicism , and it forms the basis of the Rosary ."
] | [
"Such benedictions have been regularly practiced both in the Christian East and West . At the time of the Reformation , Protestants abandoned many of the benedictions of the Roman Catholic Church , including the Apostolic Benediction made by the Pope and his delegates , the `` last blessing '' of the dying , and vi... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Religion:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Religion:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches , the prayer is very common in the Greek form indicated above , or in translations from it . | [
"In the Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Rite Eastern Catholic churches , the prayer is very common in the Greek form indicated above , or in translations from it ."
] | [
"A credo ( pronounced , Latin for `` I Believe '' ) is a statement of belief , commonly used for religious belief , such as the Apostles ' Creed . The term especially refers to the use of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed ( or less often , the Apostles ' Creed ) in the Mass , either as text , Gregorian chant , or... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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} |
Holy Mary , Mother of God , pray for us sinners now , and at the hour of death . | [
"Holy Mary , Mother of God , pray for us sinners , now and at the hour of our death ."
] | [
"When he is in the middle of the valley amidst the gloom and terror he hears the words of the Twenty-third Psalm , spoken possibly by his friend Faithful : Yea , though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death , I will fear no evil : for thou art with me ; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Franz Schubert 's Ellens dritter Gesang ( D839 , Op 52 no 6 , 1825 ) is often misidentified as `` Schubert 's Ave Maria '' because it opens with the greeting `` Ave Maria '' ( `` Hail Mary '' ) , even though it is not a setting of the traditional Ave Maria prayer . | [
"Franz Schubert 's Ellens dritter Gesang ( D839 , Op 52 no 6 , 1825 ) is often performed with the Ave Maria prayer sung in place of the original text ; this is misidentified as `` Schubert 's Ave Maria '' ."
] | [
"Although he did not agree in Mary 's veneration , he did advocate the use of the first half of the Hail Mary ( that is , `` Hail Mary , full of grace , the Lord is with thee ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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This text was also very often set by composers in the Renaissance , including Jacques Arcadelt , Josquin Desprez , Orlando di Lasso , and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina . | [
"This text was also very often set by composers in the Renaissance , including Josquin des Prez , Orlando di Lasso , and Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina ."
] | [
"Some examples of early parody masses include the Missa Malheur me bat , Missa Mater Patris , and Missa Fortuna desperata of Josquin des Prez , and the Missa de Dringhs by Antoine Brumel ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
These texts replace the words of the standard `` Ave Maria , '' preserving word boundaries and syllable stresses , so that music written for the former text can be sung with the latter . | [
"These texts are intended to replace the words of the standard `` Ave Maria '' , preserving word boundaries and syllable stresses , so that music written for the former text can be sung with the latter ."
] | [
"However , there is no actual proof that singers performed without vibrato in the baroque era . Vocal music of the renaissance is almost never sung with vibrato as a rule , and it seems unlikely it ever was ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
The form of the verb is intensive , so we know the translation is `` full of grace '' . | [
"The form of the verb is intensive , hence the translations `` full of grace '' ."
] | [
"and the verbs formed out of them using prefixes ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
For this reason , the Western version of the prayer is not derived from the Greek version : even the earliest Western forms have no trace of the phrases `` Mother of God and Virgin '' and `` for thou hast given birth to the Saviour of our souls '' , which are part of the Greek version . | [
"The Western version of the prayer is thus not derived from the Greek version : even the earliest Western forms have no trace of the Greek version 's phrases : `` Mother of God and Virgin '' and `` for thou hast given birth to the Saviour of our souls '' ."
] | [
"Although the author 's name is nowhere given in the text , the writer was traditionally believed to be King Solomon because of references such as that found in IX :7 -8 , `` Thou hast chosen me to be a king of thy people , and a judge of thy sons and daughters : Thou hast commanded me to build a temple upon thy ho... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about literature:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about literature:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
The opening word of greeting , , chaà re , here translated `` Hail '' , really means `` Rejoice '' , `` Be glad '' . | [
"The opening word of greeting , , chaà re , here translated `` Hail '' , literally has the meaning `` Rejoice '' , `` Be glad '' ."
] | [
"The word , ( kecharitÅ mà nÄ `` ) , here translated as `` full of grace '' , admits of various translations ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Some Protestant denominations also make use of the prayer . | [
"Some Protestant denominations , such as Lutherans , also make use of some form of the prayer ."
] | [
"This phrase and that on the communion of saints are articles found in the Apostles ' Creed , but not in the Old Roman Symbol nor in the Nicene Creed ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The original text of Schubert 's song is from Sir Walter Scott 's The Lady of the Lake and was translated into German by Adam Storck . | [
"The original text of Schubert 's song is from Sir Walter Scott 's The Lady of the Lake and was translated into German by Adam Storck ; it opens with the greeting `` Ave Maria '' ( `` Hail Mary '' ) , but is not a setting of the traditional Ave Maria prayer ."
] | [
"Rienzi , der Letzte der Tribunen ( WWV 49 ) ( Rienzi , the Last of the Tribunes ) is an early opera by Richard Wagner in five acts , with the libretto written by the composer after Bulwer-Lytton 's novel of the same name ( 1835 ) . The title is commonly shortened to Rienzi ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
AvÄ `` MarÄ `` a , grÄ tia plÄ `` na , Dominus tÄ `` cum . | [
"AvÄ `` MarÄ `` a , grÄ tiÄ plÄ `` na , Dominus tÄ `` cum ."
] | [
"ChÅ `` ai 's wife was JingÅ `` ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
The Dutch Jesuit Petrus Canisius is credited with adding in1555 in his Catechism the sentence : | [
"The Dutch Jesuit St. Petrus Canisius is credited with adding in 1555 in his Catechism the sentence :"
] | [
"The final edition was greatly expanded to the extent that Calvin referred to it as a new work ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
The word , ( kecharitÅ mà nÄ `` ) , here translated as `` full of grace '' , lets there be different translations . | [
"The word , ( kecharitÅ mà nÄ `` ) , here translated as `` full of grace '' , admits of various translations ."
] | [
"The opening word of greeting , , chaà re , here translated `` Hail '' , literally has the meaning `` Rejoice '' , `` Be glad '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Hail Mary , Full of Grace , The Lord is with thee . | [
"Although he did not agree in Mary 's veneration , he did advocate the use of the first half of the Hail Mary ( that is , `` Hail Mary , full of grace , the Lord is with thee ."
] | [
"How sweet the sound That saved a wretch like me ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Ave pia humilitas , sine viro fecunditas , | [
"Ave pia humilitas , sine viro fecunditas , cuius annunciatio nostra fuit salvatio ."
] | [
"SÄ ncta MarÄ `` a , MÄ ter DeÄ `` , Å rÄ prÅ nÅ bÄ `` s peccÄ tÅ ribus , nunc et in hÅ rÄ mortis nostrae ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Hail Mary , Full of Grace , The Lord is with thee . Blessed art thou among women , and blessed is the fruit of thy womb , Jesus . | [
"Hail Mary , full of grace , the Lord is with thee ; blessed art thou amongst women , and blessed is the fruit of thy womb , Jesus ."
] | [
"Give us this day our daily bread , and forgive us our trespasses , as we forgive those who trespass against us , and lead us not into temptation , but deliver us from evil ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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The text also appears in the story of the annunciation from the apocryphal Infancy Gospel of Matthew , in chapter 9 . | [
"The text also appears in the account of the annunciation contained in the apocryphal Infancy Gospel of Matthew , in chapter 9 ."
] | [
"The Peshitta excludes 2-3 John , 2 Peter , Jude , and Revelation , but Bibles of the modern Syriac Orthodox Church include later translations of those books along with the Letter of Baruch ( sometimes included as part of 2 Baruch ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Blessed art thou among women , and blessed is the fruit of thy womb , Jesus . | [
"Blessed art thou amongst women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb , Jesus . '' )"
] | [
"When he is in the middle of the valley amidst the gloom and terror he hears the words of the Twenty-third Psalm , spoken possibly by his friend Faithful : Yea , though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death , I will fear no evil : for thou art with me ; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
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