query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Herodotus , Josephus , Livy , Polybius , Suetonius , Tacitus , Thucydides and Sima Qian . | [
"Some of the more notable ancient writers include Herodotus , Josephus , Livy , Polybius , Sallust , Suetonius , Tacitus , Thucydides , and Sima Qian ."
] | [
"His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare , Vondel , Homer , Virgil and Dante ."
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Ancient history is history from when human history began until the early Middle Ages or the end of the Roman Empire in about 476 AD . | [
"Ancient history is the study of the written past from the beginning of recorded human history in the Old World to the Early Middle Ages in Europe ."
] | [
"The Crisis resulted in such profound changes in the Empire 's institutions , society , economic life and , eventually , religion , that it is increasingly seen by most historians as the transition period between the historical periods of Classical antiquity and late antiquity ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Lance K. McNaught ( March 2 , 1981-August 13 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler , who is best known for wrestling in World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) on its Raw brand under the stage name , Lance Cade and Garrison Cade . | [
"Lance Kurtis McNaught ( March 2 , 1981 â `` August 13 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler . He was best known for his time in World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) where he performed under the ring names Garrison Cade and Lance Cade ."
] | [
"Mark Copani , ( born April 16 , 1980 ) is a retired professional wrestler , best known for his appearances with World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) under the ring name Muhammad Hassan ."
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While part of the WWE Cade won the World Tag Team Championship three times with Trevor Murdoch . | [
"On the June 4 edition of Raw , Cade and Murdoch were given another shot at the World Tag Team Championship against The Hardys and were successful , becoming two time World Tag Team Champions . When Cade made the pin on Jeff Hardy , Hardy 's foot was on the ropes but was pushed off by Murdoch ."
] | [
"Long became the manager of Doom ( Ron Simmons and Butch Reed ) and led them to the World Tag Team Titles ."
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Netscape Navigator ( or just Netscape ) , is a closed source web browser . | [
"The Netscape Navigator web browser was succeeded by Netscape Communicator ."
] | [
"HotJava ( later called HotJava Browser to distinguish it from HotJava Views ) is a modular , extensible web browser from Sun Microsystems implemented in Java . It was the first browser to support Java applets , and was Sun 's demonstration platform for the then new technology ."
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Covalent hydrides : These have covalent bonds between hydrogen and the other element . | [
"According to the antiquated definition of hydride covalent hydrides cover all other compounds containing hydrogen ."
] | [
"Barium peroxide is a peroxide , containing O22 subunits wherein the oxygen atoms bond to each other as well as to the barium ."
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Except for a few of the Noble gases , all of the elements in the periodic table can form hydrides . The properties of hydrides can be very different , but some of the hydrides have similar properties . | [
"Transition metal hydride include what can be called covalent hydrides as well as interstial hydrides and other bridging hydrides ."
] | [
"Rust is often called iron ( III ) oxide , and to some extent , this label is useful , because rust shares several properties and has a similar composition ."
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Tomoaki Makino ( born 11 May 1987 ) is a Japanese football player . | [
"Tomoaki Makino is a Japanese football player currently playing for 1 ."
] | [
"Keisuke Hada ( born February 20 , 1982 ) is a retired Japanese footballer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Most references have retained Agavaceae ( in varying circumscriptions ) as a family distinct from Asparagaceae . | [
"Many sources have retained Agavaceae ( in varying circumscriptions ) as a family distinct from Asparagaceae ."
] | [
"Rosales is an order of flowering plants , including nine families , the type family being the rose family Rosaceae ."
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Some species are succulent . | [
"Species may be succulent or not ."
] | [
"The females and larvae have bioluminescent organs ."
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This includes for example Cordyline and Dracaena , which are sometimes separated off into a separate family , Dracaenaceae . Recent research has tended to incorporate these into a larger family Ruscaceae , though . | [
"Some genera ( e.g. Cordyline and Dracaena ) are sometimes separated off into a separate family , Dracaenaceae , though recent research has tended to incorporate these into a larger family Ruscaceae ."
] | [
"A 2003 study of thirty species ( by Sean Brady of Cornell University ) indicates that the ecitonine and doryline army ants together formed a monophyletic group : all shared identical genetic markers that suggest a common ancestor . Brady concluded that these two groups are therefore a single lineage that evolved i... | SimpleWiki | {
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Some grow in the desert . Well-known plants of this family are the agave , yucca , and Joshua tree . | [
"The group includes many well-known desert and dry zone types such as the agave , yucca , and Joshua tree ."
] | [
"The vegetation of the small and narrow islands , encompassed by the sea , is very luxuriant ; including rainforests , sago , rice and the famous spices - nutmeg , cloves and mace , among others ."
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The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 's APG II classification places Agavaceae , along with a number of other families ( including Ruscaceae ) in an expanded family Asparagaceae . | [
"The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 's 2009 classification classification places Agavaceae , along with a number of other families ( including Ruscaceae ) in an expanded family Asparagaceae , rejecting the alternative of keeping some of the families separate , as was permitted in their earlier 2003 proposal . Members o... | [
"Rosales is an order of flowering plants , including nine families , the type family being the rose family Rosaceae ."
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Conversely , data from molecular systematics now suggest that Agavaceae should be broadened to include a number of genera previously classified elsewhere . Among them are Chlorogalum , Camassia and the family Anthericaceae . | [
"Conversely , data from molecular systematics now suggest that Agavaceae should be broadened to include a number of genera previously classified elsewhere , among them Chlorogalum , Camassia and the family Anthericaceae with anything up to 22 additional genera ."
] | [
"The genus once contained nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America , but after morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s , it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera ."
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The family includes about 550-600 species in around 18 genera . It is widespread in the tropical , subtropical and warm temperate regions of the world . | [
"There are about 550-600 species in around 24 genera , widespread in the tropical , subtropical and warm temperate regions of the world ."
] | [
"Myomorphs are found worldwide ( apart from Antarctica ) in almost all land habitats ."
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Hesperocallis , sometimes placed in its own family , Hesperocallideaceae , has recently been shown to be closely related and its inclusion in Agavaceae has been recommended ( Pires et al . 2004 ) . | [
"Hesperocallis , sometimes placed in its own family , Hesperocallideaceae , has recently been shown to be closely related and its inclusion in Agavaceae has been recommended ."
] | [
"The genus once contained nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America , but after morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s , it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera ."
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A head tie is a west and southern African womenâ s head scarf , specifically an elaborate ornamental head covering . | [
"A head tie is a west and southern African womenâ s cloth head scarf ."
] | [
"The Nilotic Kavirondo women wear the tail , but dispense with the fringe in front ."
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Patpong is an entertainment district and a red light district in Bangkok , Thailand . | [
"Patpong ( , `` Phatphong '' ) is an entertainment district in Bangkok , Thailand , catering mainly , though not exclusively , to foreign tourists and expatriates . While Patpong is internationally known as a red light district at the heart of Bangkok 's sex industry , it is in fact only one of numerous red-light d... | [
"Sanam Luang is an open field and public square in front of Wat Phra Kaew and the Grand Palace , Bangkok , Thailand ."
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Air France Flight 447 was a scheduled commercial flight from Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , to Paris , France . | [
"Air France Flight 447 was a scheduled commercial flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris that crashed into the Atlantic Ocean on 1 June 2009 , killing all 216 passengers and 12 crew members ."
] | [
"All of those rescued by Nordnorge were taken to the Chilean Frei Montalva Station on King George Island where they were subsequently airlifted by C-130 Hercules transport aircraft of the Chilean Air Force to Punta Arenas , Chile in two separate flights , one on Saturday , November 24 , and the other on Sunday , No... | SimpleWiki | {
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Le Mà riot is a commune of the Aube dà partement in the north-central part of France . | [
"Le MÃ riot is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France ."
] | [
"Chacenay is a commune in the Aube dà partement in north-central France ."
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In 2004 the city had a population of 239,100 . | [
"In 2004 , the local government district had an estimated population of 239,100 ; the wider Urban Area had a population of 251,462 , which makes it the 13th most populous city in England ."
] | [
"ChÅ `` bu has a population estimate of 21,886,324 as of 2008 ."
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Wolverhampton is a city in England . | [
"Wolverhampton is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands , England ."
] | [
"South Molton is a small town in Devon , England ."
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The story told in the book of Luke was that Simeon , who was a Jew , had been promised by the Holy Ghost that he would not die until he had seen Jesus . | [
"Simeon was a devout Jew who , according to the book of Luke , had been promised by the Holy Ghost that he would not die until he had seen the Saviour ."
] | [
"After a few times Eli told Samuel that the voice was God 's , and instructed Samuel on how to respond . Once Samuel responded God told him that the wickedness of the sons of Eli had resulted in their dynasty being condemned to destruction ."
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When Mary and Joseph brought the baby Jesus to the Temple in Jerusalem for the ceremony of consecration of the firstborn son , Simeon was there , and he took Jesus into his arms and said the words which are now known as the Nunc dimittis . | [
"When Mary and Joseph brought the baby Jesus to the Temple in Jerusalem for the ceremony of consecration of the firstborn son ( not the circumcision , but rather after the time of Mary 's purification : at least 40 days after the birth ) , Simeon was there , and he took Jesus into his arms and uttered words rendere... | [
"The Gospel links the escape to a verse from the Old Testament , interpreted as a prophecy : `` Out of Egypt I called My Son . ''"
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As of 2003 , these are the only known Wilson primes . | [
"As of 2008 , these are the only known Wilson primes ."
] | [
"24 comprise the current list of events ."
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This page contains a list of the first 500 prime numbers and lists of prime numbers by specific categorizations . | [
"The first 500 primes are listed below , followed by lists of the first prime numbers of various types in alphabetical order ."
] | [
"It is unknown whether there are any odd perfect numbers ."
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As of 2003 , these are the only known Fermat primes . | [
"As of 2009 these are the only known Fermat primes ."
] | [
"24 comprise the current list of events ."
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As of 2003 , these are the only known Wolstenholme primes . | [
"As of 2008 , these are the only known Wolstenholme primes ."
] | [
"24 comprise the current list of events ."
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Newberry is a city of Florida in the United States . | [
"Newberry is located at ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
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Jainism is an ancient religion of India that teaches non-violence towards all living beings . | [
"Jainism is an Indian religion that prescribes pacifism and a path of non-violence towards all living beings ."
] | [
"Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation ."
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Jains have an ancient tradition of scholarship and have the highest degree of literacy in India ; Jain libraries are the oldest in the country . | [
"Jains have an ancient tradition of scholarship and have the highest degree of literacy for a religious community in India . Jain libraries are the oldest in the country ."
] | [
"The culture which began then included a markedly orderly government , widespread economic prosperity and religious tolerance , and great achievements in the arts in architecture , miniature painting , and literature ."
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Its philosophy and practice rely mainly on self-effort in progressing the soul on the spiritual ladder to divine consciousness . | [
"Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation ."
] | [
"Compared to her father , her work emphasized the importance of the ego and its ability to be trained socially ."
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Jains successfully sustained this ancient religion to this era and have significantly influenced and contributed to ethical , political and economic spheres in India . | [
"Jains have successfully sustained this longstanding religion to the present day and have significantly influenced and contributed to ethical , political and economic spheres in India ."
] | [
"The culture which began then included a markedly orderly government , widespread economic prosperity and religious tolerance , and great achievements in the arts in architecture , miniature painting , and literature ."
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It is refered to in Hindi à à à à à à à ( Jain Dharma ) , and in Tamil à à à # à à ( Samanam ) . | [
"The holy Moodabidre , famously renouned as ` Southern Kashi ' has 1000 pillar temple ( à à 3\\/4 à à à à à à à à à à à ) ."
] | [
"Ù Ù Ù ) , or more colloquially , leader of the Muslims ."
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Tamil Jains and Tulu Jains who are native to their region residing in places of TamilNadu and Karnataka early since 1st century BC . Even though South Indian Jains are distinguishable in some of their routines and practices from North Indian Jains , the core philosophies and belief systems are the same for both cultures . | [
"Tamil Jains and Kannada Jains who are native to their regions , residing in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka respectively since 1st century BCE , are distinguishable from North Indian Jains in some of their routines and practices , but the core philosophies and belief systems are the same for all Jain communities ."
] | [
"In Gujarat the predominant religion is Hinduism , although Muslim kingdoms have left their influence in many parts of the province ."
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Any soul which has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state of supreme being is called jina which means conqueror or victor . | [
"Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state of supreme being is called Jina ( Conqueror or Victor ) ."
] | [
"The sadhu is solely dedicated to achieving the fourth and final Hindu goal of life , moksha ( liberation ) , through meditation and contemplation of Brahman ."
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Lalouvesc is a commune in the Ardà che dà partement in southern France . | [
"Lalouvesc is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
] | [
"Usclades-et-Rieutord is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
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Marcel Mangel ( 22 March 1923 â `` 22 September 2007 ) , better known by his stage name Marcel Marceau , was a well-known mime . | [
"Marcel Marceau ( 22 March 1923 â `` 22 September 2007 ) was an internationally acclaimed French actor and mime most famous for his persona as Bip the Clown . Marcel Marceau ( Marcel Mangel ) was born in Strasbourg , France , to Ann Werzberg and Charles Mangel ."
] | [
"Rodolpho Barteczko ( 12 November 1910 â `` 13 March 1988 ) , best known as Patesko , was a Brazilian football striker ."
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Castillon-en-Auge is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Castillon-en-Auge is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Trois-Monts ( French for three-mountains ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
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Saint-Symphorien , Gironde is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Saint-Symphorien is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Cours-les-Bains is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
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La Chapelle-Anthenaise is a commune of 865 people ( 2007 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France . | [
"La Chapelle-Anthenaise is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-L Ã ger is a commune in the Mayenne department and Pays de la Loire region of France ."
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The Edinburgh Trams project is a scheme to build a new tramway in Edinburgh , Scotland . | [
"Edinburgh Trams is a forthcoming tramway system which is currently under construction in Edinburgh , Scotland ."
] | [
"During the early 2000s the plan was developed by Cross London Rail Links Ltd. , the developers of Crossrail , and the line is therefore sometimes known as Crossrail 2 and expected to be a large gauge tunnel ."
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Local public transport had been limited to buses since the closing of the cityâ s previous Edinburgh Corporation Tramways system on 16 November 1956 . | [
"Edinburgh 's previous tram system , Edinburgh Corporation Tramways , shut down on 16 November 1956 and since then the only local public transport services consisted of buses and a limited network of local rail lines ."
] | [
"It opened with the line ( as Wooda Bay until the name was changed in 1901 ) on 7 March 1898 , and closed with it after service on 29 September 1935 ."
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Loudest Common Denominator is a live album by alternative rock\/metal band Drowning Pool . | [
"Loudest Common Denominator is a live album by alternative rock\\/metal band Drowning Pool , and was recorded in San Diego ."
] | [
"Slappy is the second EP by the American punk rock band Green Day ."
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Dulene is a village in the Pivara municipality in Kragujevac city district in the Å umadija District of central Serbia . | [
"Dulene is a village in Pivara municipality in Kragujevac city district in the Å umadija District of central Serbia ."
] | [
"Å umadija is located between rivers Sava and Danube in the north , river Great Morava in the east , river West Morava in the south , and Kolubara , Ljig and DiÄ ina in the west ."
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It has a population of 218 people . | [
"It has a population of 218 ."
] | [
"Suburban area is 99.69 square kilometers , suburban population is 35,823 ."
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Giardia lamblia ( synonymous with Lamblia intestinalis and Giardia duodenalis ) is a flagellated protozoan parasite that infects the gastrointestinal tract and causes giardiasis . | [
"Giardia lamblia ( synonymous with Lamblia intestinalis and Giardia duodenalis ) is a flagellated protozoan parasite that colonizes and reproduces in the small intestine , causing giardiasis ."
] | [
"Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic protozoan , part of the genus Entamoeba ."
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Giardia affects humans , but is also one of the most common parasites infecting cats , dogs and birds . | [
"Giardia infects humans , but is also one of the most common parasites infecting cats , dogs and birds ."
] | [
"One species , A. suum , typically infects pigs , while another , A. lumbricoides , affects human populations , typically in sub-tropical and tropical areas with poor sanitation ."
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Giardia lamblia ( synonymous with Lamblia intestinalis and Giardia duodenalis ) is a flagellated protozoan parasite that infects the gastrointestinal tract and causes giardiasis . Giardia affects humans , but is also one of the most common parasites infecting cats , dogs and birds . | [
"The names for the human parasite Giardia duodenalis , Giardia lamblia and Giardia intestinalis are all in common current use despite the potential for confusion that this has created ."
] | [
"Predominantly infecting humans and other primates , E. histolytica is estimated to infect about 50 million people worldwide ."
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Paleontology , evolutionary developmental biology , and sequence analysis contribute much evidence for the patterns and processes that can be classified as macroevolution . | [
"Paleontology , evolutionary developmental biology , comparative genomics and genomic phylostratigraphy contribute most of the evidence for the patterns and processes that can be classified as macroevolution ."
] | [
"However , many of Darwin 's early supporters ( such as Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Lyell ) did not agree that the origin of the mental capacities and the moral sensibilities of humans could be explained by natural selection ."
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Macroevolution , by their definition , can not be attained . Any observed evolutionary change is described by them as being `` just microevolution '' . | [
"Matzke and Gross state that many creationist critics define macroevolution as something that can not be attained , as these critics describe any observed evolutionary change as `` just microevolution '' ."
] | [
"Therefore , Darwin 's theory of natural selection acting on random mutations applies to bacteria as well as to more complex organisms ."
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Within the modern evolutionary synthesis school of thought , macroevolution is thought of as the compounded effects of microevolution . | [
"Within the Modern Synthesis school of thought , macroevolution is thought of as the compounded effects of microevolution ."
] | [
"Therefore the first four chapters lay out his case that selection in nature , caused by the struggle for existence , is analogous to the selection of variations under domestication , and that the accumulation of adaptive variations provides a scientifically testable mechanism for evolutionary speciation ."
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Thus , the distinction between micro - and macroevolution is not a fundamental one -- the only difference between them is of time and scale . | [
"Thus , the distinction between micro - and macroevolution is not a fundamental one - the only difference between them is of time and scale ."
] | [
"Of course , all theories , including those called scientific laws , can always be replaced by more accurate , generalized statements if a disagreement of theory with observed data is ever found ."
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They may accept that evolutionary change is possible within species ( microevolution ) , but deny that one species can evolve into another ( macroevolution ) . | [
"They may accept that evolutionary change is possible within species ( `` microevolution '' ) , but deny that one species can evolve into another ( `` macroevolution '' ) ."
] | [
"However , many of Darwin 's early supporters ( such as Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Lyell ) did not agree that the origin of the mental capacities and the moral sensibilities of humans could be explained by natural selection ."
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When discussing the topic , creationists use `` strategically elastic '' definitions of micro - and macroevolution . | [
"Nicholas Matzke and Paul R. Gross have accused creationists of using `` strategically elastic '' definitions of micro - and macroevolution when discussing the topic ."
] | [
"It is true that the phrase `` survival of the fittest '' , in and by itself , is a tautology if fitness is defined by survival and reproduction ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Russian entomologist Yuri Filipchenko ( or Philipchenko , depending on the transliteration ) first coined the terms ` macroevolution ' and ` microevolution ' in 1927 in his German language work , Variabilità t und Variatio . | [
"Russian entomologist Yuri Filipchenko first coined the terms `` macroevolution '' and `` microevolution '' in 1927 in his German language work , `` Variabilità t und Variation '' ."
] | [
"From 1842 to 1848 he studied physics , chemistry , botany , mineralogy , philosophy and medicine at the University of Giessen , where he graduated in 1848 with a dissertation entitled Beitrà ge zur Hall ` schen Lehre von einem excitomotorischen Nervensystem ( Contributions to the Hallerian Theory of an Excitomotor... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Education:"
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Microevolution , on the other hand , refers to smaller evolutionary changes within species or populations . Microevolution can typically be described as changes in allele frequencies . | [
"Macroevolutionary studies focus on change that occurs at or above the level of species , in contrast with microevolution , which refers to smaller evolutionary changes ( typically described as changes in allele frequencies ) within a species or population ."
] | [
"This process takes place over many generations , and is one of the basic phenomena of biology ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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An example of macroevolution is the appearance of feathers during the evolution of birds from one group of dinosaurs . | [
"An example of macroevolution is the appearance of feathers during the evolution of birds from theropod dinosaurs ."
] | [
"Very early in the evolutionary history of amniotes , basal amniotes evolved into two main lines of amniotes , the synapsids and the sauropsids , both of which persist into the modern era ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Some biologists use the term for evolution in already separated gene pools . | [
"Macroevolution is evolution on a scale of separated gene pools ."
] | [
"However , they were not real evolutionary trees , because Hitchcock believed that a deity was the agent of change ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The Greatest Show on Turf was the nickname for the offense fielded by the St. Louis Rams offense during 1999 , 2000 , and 2001 National Football League seasons . | [
"`` The Greatest Show on Turf '' was the nickname for the St. Louis Rams ' considerably talented and famous record-breaking offense during the 1999 , 2000 , and 2001 National Football League seasons ."
] | [
"A four-time Pro Bowl selection from 1981 to 1984 , Hicks was a key player on the 49ers dynasty in the 1980s , assisting his team to NFL Championship wins in Super Bowl XVI and Super Bowl XIX ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Rostal played a wide variety of music , including many newly composed works such as Violin Concerto no 2 by Bà la Bartà k. | [
"Rostal played a wide variety of music , but was a particular champion of contemporary works such as Bà la Bartà k 's Violin Concerto No. 2 ."
] | [
"The Amadeus Quartet made some 200 recordings , among them the complete quartets of Beethoven , Brahms , and Mozart and works by 20th-century composers such as Bà la Bartà k and Benjamin Britten ( who wrote his third quartet for them ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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From 1930-33 he taught at the Berlin Hochschule , from 1944 to 1958 at the Guildhall School of Music , London and then at the conservatory in Bern , Switzerland . | [
"From 1930-33 he taught at the Berlin Hochschule , from 1944 to 1958 at the Guildhall School of Music , and then at the Musikhochschule KÃ ln ( 1957 â `` 82 ) and the Conservatory in Bern ( 1957 â `` 85 ) ."
] | [
"Her sister , Carolina Weidenhayn , ( 1822-1902 ) , became the first professional female xylographer , who after studies in Paris 1858-1867 , became an instructor ( 1859-1881 ) at the technical school Tekniska Skolan ( now Konstfack or University College of Arts , Crafts and Design ) in Stockholm , Sweden ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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He was born in Cieszyn and studied with Carl Flesch . | [
"Max Rostal was born in Cieszyn and studied with Carl Flesch ."
] | [
"She began her formal violin education at the Leopold Mozart Conservatory in Augsburg , under the tutelage of Lydia Dubrowskaya ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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Max Rostal ( born Cieszyn , 7 August 1905 ; died Bern , 6 August 1991 ) was a violinist who was a famous violin teacher . | [
"Max Rostal ( 7 July 1905-6 August 1991 ) was a violinist and a viola player ."
] | [
"Wilhelm Furtwà ngler ( January 25 , 1886-November 30 , 1954 ) was a German conductor and composer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Saint-Laurent-les-Bains is a commune in the Ardà che dà partement in southern France . | [
"Saint-Laurent-les-Bains is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
] | [
"Villevocance is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
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Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella , sometimes called axial filaments , which run lengthwise between the cell wall and outer membrane . | [
"Spirochaetes are distinguished from other bacterial phyla by the location of their flagella , sometimes called axial filaments , which run lengthwise between the bacterial inner membrane and outer membrane in periplasmic space ."
] | [
"Peripheral proteins are proteins that are bounded to the membrane by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding with the hydrophilic phospholipid heads . Many of these proteins can be found bounded to the surfaces of integral proteins on either the cytoplasimic side of the cell or the extracellular side of th... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The Omagh bombing was a bomb attack by the Real Irish Republican Army in Omagh , Northern Ireland , on August 15 , 1998 . | [
"The Omagh bombing was a paramilitary car bomb attack carried out by the Real Irish Republican Army ( RIRA ) , a splinter group of former Provisional Irish Republican Army members opposed to the Belfast Agreement , on Saturday 15 August 1998 , in Omagh , County Tyrone , Northern Ireland ."
] | [
"A re-instituted ceasefire later followed as part of the negotiations strategy , which saw teams from the British and Irish governments , the Ulster Unionist Party , the SDLP , Sinn FÃ in and representatives of loyalist paramilitary organizations , under the chairmanship of former United States Senator George Mitch... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Thury-Harcourt is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Thury-Harcourt is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Saint-Germain-d ` Ectot is a commune in the Calvados in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
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Puynormand is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Puynormand is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Bayon-sur-Gironde ( Baion in Occitan ) is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:"
} |
Epworth is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Epworth is home to Divine Word College , which is a Roman Catholic seminary . Also , Western Dubuque High School is in Epworth ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Miranjani , the highest peak of the area , is also in Namli Maira . | [
"The highest peak in Abbottabad District , Miranjani , is located in Namli Maira ."
] | [
"It also includes many small villages like Minapin , Hope and Hispar etc. ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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These settlements are nestled on mountains about 20 kilometres from the city of Abbottabad . | [
"These settlements are nestled on mountain ridges about 20 kilometres from the city of Abbottabad ."
] | [
"The town lies 13 miles south of the city of Derby ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
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Most of the area of these hilly hamlets and villages is covered with trees . | [
"Most of the area of these hilly hamlets is covered with trees ."
] | [
"In the southwest , the Western Upland is a rugged landscape with a mix of forest and farmland , including many bluffs on the Mississippi River ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
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Namli Maira is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan . | [
"Namli Maira is one of the 51 union councils of Abbottabad District in NWFP North West Frontier Provience , Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan ."
] | [
"Chamad ( also known as Chamhad ) is one of the 51 Union Councils ( subdivisions ) of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
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Namli Maira was partially damaged , but the aftershocks were felt in this area even in December . | [
"Aftershocks were felt through December ."
] | [
"The rain washed sand piles from the dumping grounds away to the rivers again and again and made some of the rivers shallower , especially into the Sakawa , into which huge volumes of ash fell , resulting in temporary dams ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Natural disasters:"
} |
Most of the people used forest wood as fuel for daily use and also for home construction . | [
"Wood is the primary source of fuel and home construction ."
] | [
"When from agricultural sources , plant matter used as a fuel can be replaced by planting for new growth ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
8 October 2005 was one of the worst days in the history of Pakistan . An earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck the Northern Areas as well as Kashmir . | [
"On 8 October 2005 an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 struck the northern areas and Kashmir , causing significant damage to housing and some deaths ."
] | [
"Birote Kalan is located in the south eastern part of Abbottabad District and borders the Bagh District of Kashmir and consequently was affected by the 2005 Pakistan earthquake as the epicentre was in Kashmir ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Namli Maira is mainly a mountainous rural area . The nearest city to Namli Maira is Abbottabad which is also its Tehsil and District capital . | [
"Namli Maira is a mountainous rural area located in Abbottabad District ."
] | [
"The newly formed union council of Bagnotar is situated in the central part of Abbottabad District in Abbottabad Tehsil , and lies to the south east of Abbottabad city - the capital city of the district ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
As the hill people lack awareness about the markets , these fruits only meet the requirement of local people . | [
"As the hill people lack awareness about the markets , they are unable to get a proper return . These fruits only meet the requirement of local people ."
] | [
"The main source of revenue comes from Coffee that is grown in the mountainous regions of the province , and during the coffee harvest , there may be roadblocks , where soldiers ensure that the coffee is delivered to the government and not the black market ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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There are primary schools for boys and girls , Government Boys High School , and Girls High school . | [
"There are Primary schools for boys and girls , Government Boys High School and Girls High School ."
] | [
"There are about 475 students ; the Principal of the college is Lord Krebs ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The Union Council is a collection of small hamlets , and takes its name from the largest two , Namli and Maira . | [
"It takes its name from the two largest hamlets in the Union Councilâ '' Namli and Maira ."
] | [
"The district had four villages , all of which were called Greta at some stage ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Other tribes in this area are : Turks , the Mughals , Malik and Awan and Abbasi , although they are in a minority . | [
"Other tribes in this area include Turks ( Pakistani Turks ) , Awan , Malik , Abbasi and a handful of Mughals ."
] | [
"His scribes do not record the names of Gandhara or Kamboja ; rather , they locate a dozen small political units in those territories ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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The majority of the people of Namli Maira belong to the Karlal tribes ( Karlal are also called Sardar ) . | [
"The people of Namli Maira are all Muslims . About 80 % belong to the Karlal ( Sardar ) tribe ."
] | [
"It literally means village of Khanzada ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
The Union Council is administratively divided into the following areas : Dhaki Khaitar , Namli Maira , Noormang and Pangoora . | [
"The Union Council is administratively divided into Dhaki Khaiter , Namli Maira , Noormang , and Panghora areas ."
] | [
"In Pakistan , Gujranwala and Sialkot districts has large Cheema population with many Cheema villages such as Adil Garh , Sahowala , Bohpal wala , KamalpurKala Chak , Manpur Malkhanwala ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the description about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the description about Geography:"
} |
Goats and other pet animals graze in pastures . | [
"Goats and other pet animals graze the pastures ."
] | [
"The island 's animals are mainly of the avian variety , although rabbits are long established here ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Born Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja LeszczyÅ ska h. Wieniawa , she was the second daughter of StanisÅ aw LeszczyÅ ski and his wife Katarzyna OpaliÅ ska . | [
"Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja LeszczyÅ ska h. Wieniawa was the second daughter of StanisÅ aw LeszczyÅ ski and his wife Katarzyna OpaliÅ ska ."
] | [
"Lange was an uncle of the poet BolesÅ aw LeÅ mian ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
The marriage by proxy took place on 15 August 1725 in the cathedral of Strasbourg , Louis XV being represented by his cousin Louis d'Orl à ans , Duke of Orlà ans . | [
"The marriage by proxy took place on 15 August 1725 in the cathedral of Strasbourg , Louis XV being represented by his cousin the Duke of Orlà ans , Louis le Pieux ."
] | [
"Franà oise Madeleine d'Orl à ans ( b.1648-d .1664 ) , daughter of his maternal uncle Gaston , Duke of Orlà ans and younger brother of his mother Christine Marie ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Literature:"
} |
Marie LeszczyÅ ska ( Trzebnica , 23 June 1703 -- Versailles , 24 June 1768 ) was a queen of France as wife of Louis XV . | [
"Marie LeszczyÅ ska ( Trzebnica , 23 June 1703 -- Versailles , 24 June 1768 ) was a queen consort of France ."
] | [
"The Princess Sophia ( Sophia Matilda ; 2 November 1777 â `` 27 May 1848 ) was a member of the British Royal Family , the twelfth child and fifth daughter of George III ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
On 4 September 1725 , she married Louis XV of France . | [
"On 5 September 1725 , she married Louis XV of France ."
] | [
"At the death of his father ( 14 October 1796 ) , Charles Emmanuel succeeded as King of Sardinia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
à der Aleixo de Assis ( born 25 May 1957 ) is a former Brazilian football player . | [
"à der Aleixo de Assis , was also known as à der or à der Assis ( born May 25 , 1957 in Vespasiano , Brazil ) , is a former Brazilian footballer ."
] | [
"Osmar Donizete CÃ cents ndido , best known as Donizete ( born 24 October 1968 in Brazil ) is a former Brazilian football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
When data is updated , it may change , and this may not be data loss . | [
"Although the two have substantially similar effects , data unavailability is temporary while data loss is permanent . Data loss is also distinct from data spill , although the term `` data loss '' has been sometimes used in those incidents ."
] | [
"If an administrator requests more information , indicates that the request is `` not done for now '' , or similar , that administrator may disable the tag to distinguish the request from others pending in this category ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Data loss is an event that happens when a file , program , or a piece of information is lost . When data is updated , it may change , and this may not be data loss . | [
"In the field of information technology , data loss refers to the unforeseen loss of data or information ."
] | [
"Floppy disks are also , unlike hard disks , handled and seen ; even a novice user can identify a floppy disk . Because of all these factors , the image of the floppy disk has become a metaphor for saving data , and the floppy disk symbol is ( as of 2011 ) still used by software on buttons and other user interface ... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
There are some common causes to data loss . | [
"An occurrence of data loss can be called a Data Loss Event and there are several possible root causes ."
] | [
"However , they also help with some real problems ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
When data is updated , it may change , and this may not be data loss . Data loss also does not occur when the data is unavailable for some time only , for example because the server it is stored on can not be reached . | [
"The cost of a data loss event is directly related to the value of the data and the length of time that it is needed , but unavailable ."
] | [
"This solution still has potential failure cases : the battery may have worn out , the power may be off for too long , the disks could be moved to another controller , the controller itself could fail ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Radjabov earned the title of Grandmaster in March 2001 at the age of 14 , making him the second-youngest grandmaster in history at that time ( to Bu Xiangzhi ) . | [
"Radjabov earned the title of Grandmaster in March 2001 at the age of 14 , making him the second-youngest grandmaster in history at the time ( to Bu Xiangzhi ) ."
] | [
"In October 2005 Polgar had an Elo rating of 2577 , making her the second-ranked woman in the world at the time , after her sister Judit Polgà r. She has been inactive and has not played in official competition since 2004 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Radjabov came second in the FIDE Grand Prix 2008 â `` 2010 , qualifying him for the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship of 2012 . | [
"Radjabov placed second in the FIDE Grand Prix 2008 â `` 2010 , qualifying him for the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship 2012 ."
] | [
"Never able to qualify out of the Interzonal stages into the Candidates ' series , Miles eventually lost the race to become the first British Candidate , when Nigel Short did so in 1985 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Figure skating:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Figure skating:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Radjabov is the youngest player ever to make the FIDE Top 100 Players list . | [
"Radjabov is the youngest player ever to make the FIDE Top 100 Players list , therefore he is also established himself as a chess prodigy ."
] | [
"In October 2005 Polgar had an Elo rating of 2577 , making her the second-ranked woman in the world at the time , after her sister Judit Polgà r. She has been inactive and has not played in official competition since 2004 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Teimour Radjabov , born 12 March 1987 in Baku , Azerbaijan is a leading Azerbaijani chess player . | [
"Teimour Radjabov , also spelled Teymur Rajabov ; born 12 March 1987 in Baku , Azerbaijan is a leading Azerbaijani chess player ."
] | [
"Albin Planinc , also spelled Planinec ( 18 April 1944 - 20 December 2008 ) was a Slovenian chess Grandmaster ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Flash floods can also happen after the collapse of a dam . | [
"Flash floods can also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam , or a human structure such as a man-made dam , as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889 . Flash floods are distinguished from a regular flood by a timescale less than six hours ."
] | [
"In low lying areas , the storm surge can stay inland for a long time and mix with chemicals already in the area to create a toxic mess ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Greeley is a city in Iowa in the United States . | [
"Greeley is a city in Delaware County , Iowa , United States ."
] | [
"Magnolia is a city in Harrison County , Iowa in the United States of America ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
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