query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
There are developing countries that have a high standard of living . | [
"Some developing countries have high average standards of living ."
] | [
"The U.S. , Japan and Mexico are three countries where there is a huge market and high popularity for professional wrestling ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Elam was centered in the far west and the southwest of modern-day Iran , including a small part of southern Iraq . | [
"Elam was centered in the far west and the southwest of modern-day Iran , stretching from the lowlands of Khuzestan and Ilam Province , as well as a small part of southern Iraq ."
] | [
"The Proto-Elamite city of Susa was founded around 4000 BC in the watershed of the river Karun ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Proto-Elamite city of Susa was founded around 5000 BCE in the watershed of the river Karun . | [
"The Proto-Elamite city of Susa was founded around 4000 BC in the watershed of the river Karun ."
] | [
"Nippur was situated on both sides of the Shatt-en-Nil canal , one of the earliest courses of the Euphrates , between the present bed of that river and the Tigris , almost 160 km southeast of Baghdad ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In the Achaemenid Empire the Elamite language was among those in official use . | [
"Its culture played a crucial role in the Gutian Empire , especially during the Achaemenid dynasty that succeeded it , when the Elamite language remained among those in official use ."
] | [
"Ardashir I was an energetic king , responsible for the resurgence not just of Persia but of Iranian-speaking peoples as a unified nation ( ethnous as it appears in the Greek version of his successor 's inscription on the Ka ` ba-ye Zartosht ) , the strengthening of Zoroastrianism , and the establishment of a dynas... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Armenian history:"
} |
The Elamite language has no obvious connections with any other , and seems to be a language isolate like Sumerian . | [
"The Elamite language is generally treated as an isolate language ."
] | [
"Epigraphically the Dravidian languages have been attested since the 6th century BCE . Only one Dravidian language , the Brahui language , is exclusively spoken outside India ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Elam was an long-lasting ancient civilization just to the east of Mesopotamia , in what is now southwest Iran . | [
"Elam was an ancient civilization located in what is now southwest Iran ."
] | [
"Originating in the eastern Mediterranean coast of the Middle East ( modern Israel and Palestine ) , it quickly spread to Syria , Mesopotamia , Asia Minor and Egypt , it grew in size and influence over a few decades , and by the 4th century had become the dominant religion within the Roman Empire ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Calixa Lavallà e , ( born Quebec , 28 December 1842 ; died Boston , 21 January , 1891 ) , was a Canadian-American composer . | [
"Calixa Lavallà e , ( December 28 , 1842 -- January 21 , 1891 ) , born Calixte Lavallà e , was a French-Canadian-American musician who composed the music for O Canada , which officially became the national anthem of Canada in 1980 ."
] | [
"Benjamin James Dale ( London , 17 July 1885 â `` London , 30 July 1943 ) was an English composer and educationalist ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Music:"
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Jet aircraft are aircraft with jet engines . | [
"A jet aircraft is an aircraft propelled by jet engines ."
] | [
"A motorboat is a boat which is powered by an engine ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Unlike propeller-powered aircraft , jet aircraft normally fly at altitudes as high as 10,000 to 15,000 meters , about 33,000 to 49000 f. At these altitudes , jet engines can achieve maximum efficiency over long distances . | [
"Jet aircraft generally fly much faster than propeller-powered aircraft and at higher altitudes â `` as high as 10000 - . At these altitudes , jet engines achieve maximum efficiency over long distances ."
] | [
"The Vampire Squid is an extreme example of a deep-sea cephalopod , thought to reside at aphotic ( lightless ) depths from 600-900 metres ( 2,000-3 ,000 feet ) or more ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Marine biology:"
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The bridge is 549 feet long when it goes above the creek . | [
"The bridge spans 549 f long across the creek ."
] | [
"The tunnel , which was about 1.2 m high by 0.9 m wide , extended more than 1000 m beyond the MDL into South Korea ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Interstate 82 ( sometimes called I-82 ) is a 143.58 m long Interstate Highway in the states of Washington and Oregon . | [
"Interstate 82 ( I-82 ) is a 143.58 m Interstate Highway that extends from I-90 in Ellensburg , Washington to I-84 near Umatilla , Oregon in the United States ."
] | [
"U.S. Route 25 is a north -- south United States highway that runs for 750 m from Brunswick , Georgia to the Ohio state line in Covington , Kentucky ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The highway goes over Selah Creek on a bridge called the Fred G. Redmon Bridge . | [
"I-82 passes over Selah Creek on the Fred G. Redmon Bridge ."
] | [
"A military depot was established not long after at Soldiers Flat near present day Billimari ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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Faimes is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Lià ge . | [
"Faimes is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Lià ge ."
] | [
"Chaudfontaine is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of Lià ge ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Lemon played for the San Diego Chargers from 2003 to 2005 . He then played for the Miami Dolphins until the 2007 season . | [
"Lemon has also been a member of the San Diego Chargers , Miami Dolphins , Jacksonville Jaguars and Baltimore Ravens ."
] | [
"Dwight Hicks ( born April 5 , 1956 ) is a former professional American football player who played defensive back for the Toronto Argonauts in 1978 , the San Francisco 49ers from 1979 to 1985 , and for the Indianapolis Colts in 1986 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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Live at Wembley '86 is a set of two discs recorded by English rock band Queen . | [
"Live at Wembley '86 is a double compact disc live album by English rock band Queen ."
] | [
"Always ( 2005 ) is a boxed set of four CDs , spanning her whole career and containing rare recordings ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The album was re-sold in a new CD with bonus tracks in August 2003 in the United States as Live at Wembley Stadium after the DVD . | [
"The album was re-released in a remastered CD with bonus tracks in August 2003 in the US as Live at Wembley Stadium after the companion DVD ."
] | [
"It was inspired by a poem `` Snowed Under '' was the only b-side played live during 2004 , 2005 and early 2006 , because of its appearance on the CD+DVD version of Hopes and Fears , as well as in the Japanese version of it ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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It was recorded live on Saturday July 12 , 1986 during the Magic Tour at Wembley Stadium in London , England and was sold on May 26 , 1992 . | [
"It was recorded live on Saturday July 12 , 1986 during the Magic Tour at Wembley Stadium in London , England and released on May 26 , 1992 ."
] | [
"My Arms , Your Hearse was released to critical acclaim on August 18 , 1998 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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A DVD was sold in June 2003 . | [
"A companion DVD was released in June 2003 ."
] | [
"Their debut album The Back Room was released in 2005 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Although the Ediacaran period does contain soft-bodied fossils ( the Ediacaran biota ) , its start is defined at the base of a carbonate layer , referred to as a `` cap carbonate '' . This caps glacial deposits and shows a sudden climatic change at the end of the Marinoan ice age . | [
"Rather , the beginning is defined at the base of a chemically distinctive carbonate layer ( this bed is characterized by an unusual depletion of 13C ) , referred to as a `` cap carbonate '' , because it caps glacial deposits and indicates a sudden climatic change at the end of the Marinoan ice age ."
] | [
"Although they have been deposited throughout the Phanerozoic , they are most commonly associated with rocks deposited during the Permian and Triassic periods ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It is the last geological period of the Proterozoic Eon . The Edicaran is followed by the Cambrian , the first period of the Paleozoic Era and the Phanerozoic Eon . | [
"The Ediacaran Period ( ; named after the Ediacara Hills of South Australia ) is the last geological period of the Neoproterozoic Era and of the Proterozoic Eon , immediately preceding the Cambrian Period , the first period of the Paleozoic Era and of the Phanerozoic Eon ."
] | [
"The Gnathostomata first appeared in the Ordovician period and became common in the Devonian period ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Paleontology:"
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The Ediacaran Period represents the time from the end of global Marinoan glaciation to the first appearance worldwide of certain trace fossils ( Trichophycus pedum ) at the base of the Cambrian . | [
"The Ediacaran Period ( ca . 635-542 Mya ) represents the time from the end of global Marinoan glaciation to the first appearance worldwide of somewhat complicated trace fossils ( Treptichnus pedum ) ."
] | [
"The Vendian concept was formed stratigraphically top-down , and the lower boundary of the Cambrian became the upper boundary of the Vendian ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geology:",
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The status of the Ediacaran as an official geological period was confirmed in 2004 by the International Union of Geological Sciences ( IUGS ) . This made it the first new geological period declared in 120 years . | [
"Its status as an official geological period was ratified in 2004 by the International Union of Geological Sciences ( IUGS ) , making it the first new geological period declared in 120 years ."
] | [
"The Vendian concept was formed stratigraphically top-down , and the lower boundary of the Cambrian became the upper boundary of the Vendian ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The Ediacaran period was previously called the Vendian period . The Vendian period was proposed in 1952 by Russian geologist\/paleontologist Boris Sokolov . | [
"The Ediacaran Period overlaps , but is shorter than the Vendian Period , a name that was earlier , in 1952 , proposed by Russian geologist and paleontologist Boris Sokolov ."
] | [
"Kazan University is known as `` the birthplace of organic chemistry '' due to works of Aleksandr Butlerov , Vladimir Markovnikov , Aleksandr Arbuzov , and the birthplace of Electron Spin Resonance due to work of Evgeny Zavoisky ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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The term Vendian is still widely used . | [
"The Vendian concept was formed stratigraphically top-down , and the lower boundary of the Cambrian became the upper boundary of the Vendian ."
] | [
"The spelling Fatu Hiva has now become official ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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It was created in 1775 by the First Continental Congress . | [
"Established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14 , 1775 , it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in their revolt against the rule of Great Britain ."
] | [
"He was a Virginia delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777 and , during the Second Continental Congress , was a signer of the Declaration of Independence ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Continental Army was the fighting force of the thirteen British colonies in the American Revolutionary War . | [
"The American Continental Army was an army formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America ."
] | [
"The New York Provincial Congress ( 1775-1777 ) was an organization formed by rebels in 1775 , during the American Revolution , as a pro-rebellion alternative to the more conservative Province of New York Assembly , and as a replacement for the Committee of One Hundred ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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`` Ur So Gay '' is a single released by Katy Perry of the debut EP called Ur So Gay - EP . | [
"`` Ur So Gay '' is the debut promotional single released by pop singer Katy Perry , produced by Greg Wells and engineered by Drew Pearson ."
] | [
"The second single from their album `` Radio Heart '' was released on May 19 ( and featured in the game Colin McRae 's DiRT 2 ) , 2008 from their album This Is Not The World followed by the release of the music video for the single on April 16 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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LÃ bembe is a village in PÃ 1\/4 halepa Parish , Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia . | [
"LÃ bembe is a village in PÃ 1\\/4 halepa Parish , Hiiu County , in northwestern Estonia ."
] | [
"Å ilalÄ -- is a city in the TauragÄ -- County , Lithuania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
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Terrain , or relief , is the third or vertical dimension of land surface . | [
"Terrain , or land relief , is the vertical and horizontal dimension of land surface ."
] | [
"It deals with the physical lithologic , or rock type , change both vertically in layering or bedding of varying rock type and laterally reflecting changing environments of deposition , known as facies change ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Topography has recently become an additional synonym , though in many parts of the world it retains its original more general meaning of description of place . | [
"In America , topography has recently become an additional synonym , though in many parts of the world it retains its original more general meaning of description of place ."
] | [
"The methodological ethos is identical , but there is a slight difference in the vocabulary , and Specialized is more international ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Bourseul is a commune . It is found in the region Bretagne in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in the west of France . | [
"Bourseul ( , Gallo : BÃ rsoeut ) is a commune in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department in Bretagne in north-western France ."
] | [
"Yffiniac ( , Gallo : Finyac ) is a commune in the CÃ tes-d ` Armor department of Brittany in north-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:"
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The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned : from AAA to AAZ , from QMA to QZZ , from XAA to XZZ , and from ZZA to ZZZ . | [
"The following alpha-3 codes can be user-assigned : AAA to AAZ , QMA to QZZ , XAA to XZZ , and ZZA to ZZZ ."
] | [
"The group identifier is a 1 to 5 digit number . The single digit group identifiers are : 0 or 1 for English-speaking countries ; 2 for French-speaking countries ; 3 for German-speaking countries ; 4 for Japan ; 5 for Russian-speaking countries , 7 for People 's Republic of China ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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Reserved code elements are codes which , while not ISO 3166-1 codes , are in use for some applications in conjunction with the ISO 3166 codes . | [
"The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are used most prominently in ISO\\/IEC 7501-1 for machine-readable passports , as standardized by the International Civil Aviation Organization , with a number of additional codes for special passports ; some of these codes are currently reserved and not used at the present stage in IS... | [
"The country codes have been published as ISO 3166-1 since 1997 , when ISO 3166 was expanded into three parts to include codes for subdivisions and former countries ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes in the ISO 3166-1 standard to represent countries and dependent territories . They are published by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) as part of its ISO 3166 standard . | [
"ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes are three-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1 , part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) , to represent countries , dependent territories , and special areas of geographical interest ."
] | [
"Grading standards are set by the International Organization for Standardization , a federation of national standards bodies ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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These code elements are at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries , territories or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1 , and the ISO 3166\/MA will never use them in the updating process of the standard . | [
"User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries , territories , or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1 , and the ISO 3166\\/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard ."
] | [
"The first part is GB , the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of the United Kingdom ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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The guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ) , also known as the millionfish , is one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species in the world . | [
"The guppy , also known as the millionfish , is one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species in the world ."
] | [
"Though African spiny mice originated in the deserts of Africa , they are frequently kept as exotic pets in other parts of the world , particularly Western nations such as the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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It is a small member of the Poeciliidae family ( females 4 â `` 6 centimetres ( 1.6 â `` 2.4 in ) long , males 2.5 â `` 3.5 centimetres ( 1.0 â `` 1.4 in ) long ) and like all other members of the family , is live-bearing . | [
"It is a small member of the Poeciliidae family ( females 4 - long , males 2.5 - long ) and like all other members of the family , is live-bearing ."
] | [
"Spider plants have long narrow leaves that are 20 â `` 40 cm ( 8 â `` 15 in ) long and 5 â `` 20 mm ( 0.2 â `` 0.8 in ) broad , growing from a central rosette ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Hurricane Lenny was the last major hurricane , hurricane , named storm and depression of the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season . | [
"Hurricane Lenny was the 12th tropical storm , eighth hurricane , and fifth category 4 hurricane in the 1999 Atlantic hurricane season ."
] | [
"Hurricane David was the fourth named tropical cyclone , second hurricane , and first major hurricane of the 1979 Atlantic hurricane season ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Weather:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Weather:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Weather:"
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In 2005 the name Lee was used instead . The name Lee in 2005 was not retired , so Lee is on the list for 2011 . | [
"The name was replaced with Lee in the 2005 season ."
] | [
"These flaws resulted in the award 's being dropped after 1928 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He is best-known as the drummer and lyricist for the rock band Rush . | [
"He is the drummer for the rock band Rush ."
] | [
"Eugene Stephen `` Steve '' Jay ( born January 26 , 1951 ) is a bass guitarist best known for working with the singer-songwriter `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Neil Peart ( born Neil Ellwood Peart , September 12 , 1952 , Hamilton , Ontario ) is a Canadian musician and author . | [
"Neil Ellwood Peart ( ; born September 12 , 1952 ) OC , is a Canadian musician and author ."
] | [
"Jesse Carmichael ( born Jesse Royal Carmichael , April 2 , 1979 , Boulder , Colorado , United States ) is an American musician who is the keyboardist for Maroon 5 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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College football is American football played by teams of students from different American universities , colleges , and military academies . | [
"College football refers to American football played by teams of student athletes fielded by American universities , colleges , and military academies , or Canadian football played by teams of student athletes fielded by Canadian universities . It was through college play that North American football codes first ga... | [
"An athletic director ( commonly `` athletics director '' or `` AD '' ) is an administrator at many American colleges and universities , as well as in larger high schools and middle schools , who oversees the work of coaches and related staff involved in intercollegiate or interscholastic athletic programs . At som... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Caspar David Friedrich ( September 5 , 1774 â `` May 7 , 1840 ) was a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter , generally considered the most important of the movement . | [
"Caspar David Friedrich ( September 5 , 1774 â `` May 7 , 1840 ) was a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter , generally considered the most important German artist of his generation ."
] | [
"Hans Guido Freiherr von BÃ 1\\/4 low ( January 8 , 1830 -- February 12 , 1894 ) was a German conductor , virtuoso pianist , and composer of the Romantic era ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He is best known for landscapes , which typically feature lonely figures against night skies , morning mists or Gothic ruins . | [
"He is best known for his mid-period allegorical landscapes which typically feature contemplative figures silhouetted against night skies , morning mists , barren trees or Gothic ruins ."
] | [
"Mucha 's works frequently featured beautiful young women in flowing , vaguely Neoclassical-looking robes , often surrounded by lush flowers which sometimes formed halos behind their heads ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Jand is a village and Union Council , an administrative subdivision , of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan , it is part of Chakwal Tehsil and is located at 33 Â 4 ' 0N 73 Â 7 ' 60E . | [
"Jand is a village and union council , an administrative subdivision , of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan , it is part of Chakwal Tehsil ."
] | [
"Chak Malook is a village and union council , an administrative subdivision , of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan , it is part of Chakwal Tehsil and is located at 32 Â 58 ' 0N 72 Â 57 ' 0E ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Kiyoshi Tomizawa ( born 3 December 1943 ) is a former Japanese football player . | [
"Kiyoshi Tomizawa ( born December 3 , 1943 in Japan ) is a former Japanese football player ."
] | [
"Ahn Sun-Jin ( born September 19 , 1975 ) is a former South Korean football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Sports:",
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Fyresdal , Tokke , Vinje , Nissedal , Kviteseid , and Seljord . | [
"The region consists of six municipalities : Fyresdal , Tokke , Vinje , Nissedal , Kviteseid and Seljord ."
] | [
"Brunstad Conference Center ( BCC ) is located in Stokke , Vestfold ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The forearm is the part of the human arm between the elbow and the wrist . | [
"The forearm is the structure and distal region of the upper limb , between the elbow and the wrist ."
] | [
"In anatomy , the scapula , omo ( Medical Latin ) , or shoulder blade , is the bone that connects the humerus ( upper arm bone ) with the clavicle ( collar bone ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Pedro Romeiras was a Portuguese principal ballet dancer born 3 July 1961 , in Lisbon . | [
"Pedro Romeiras ( born July 3 , 1961 in Lisbon ) started his career as a soloist with the National Ballet of Portugal after finishing ballet studies at the Royal Ballet School ."
] | [
"Alfredo Eduardo Barreto de Freitas Noronha , better known as Noronha ( 25 September 1918 -- 27 July 2003 ) , was a Brazilian football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He was the gold medal winner of the II Prix Franà ais de la Danse 1982 . | [
"He is a gold medal winner of the II Prix Franà ais de la Danse 1982 and won a National Globe Award as best dancer of 1982 ."
] | [
"She was discovered by Mylà ne Farmer , following her winning performance in the talent show , Graines de Star , in 1999 ."
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The form of the service was started by Edward White Benson who was Bishop of Truro in Cornwall , for use on Christmas Eve ( 24 December ) 1880 . | [
"The format was based on an Order drawn up by Edward White Benson , later Archbishop of Canterbury but at that time Bishop of Truro , in Cornwall , for use on Christmas Eve ( 24 December ) 1880 ."
] | [
"An annual performance of a religious play ( entitled : The Promise ) , acted in by members of the town , was held annually from 1995 until 2005 ."
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The music at the first service was directed by Arthur Henry Mann , who was the organist from 1876 to 1929 . | [
"The music at the first service at King 's was directed by Arthur Henry Mann , who was the organist from 1876 to 1929 ."
] | [
"After listening to this tape , Rattle hired Harding as an assistant to him at the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra for a year , from 1993-1994 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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In the UK , the service has become the standard form for schools ' Christmas carol services . | [
"In the UK , the service has become the standard format for schools ' Christmas carol services ."
] | [
"It is also used for music concerts and other sporting events ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The service is now used by other churches all over the world , not just in Anglican churches , but also in some Roman Catholic and Lutheran churches . | [
"The original liturgy has since been adapted and used by other churches all over the world . Lessons and Carols most often occur in Anglican churches , but also in some Roman Catholic , Lutheran parishes , and Presbyterian institutions ."
] | [
"The majority of his disciples hail from Taiwan , Singapore , Indonesia , and Malaysia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The best-known Nine Lessons and Carols service is the one held in King 's College , Cambridge every Christmas . | [
"The best-known version is broadcast annually from King 's College , Cambridge , on Christmas Eve ."
] | [
"His carol No Small Wonder , written in 1983 to words by Paul Wigmore , first appeared in Carols for Today in 1986 and was recorded on LP by Canterbury Cathedral Choir and subsequently heard in the famous Nine Lessons and Carols service broadcast on the BBC Television by the Choir of King 's College , Cambridge in ... | SimpleWiki | {
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The choir carols are sung by the world-famous Choir of King 's College , Cambridge . | [
"It features carols sung by the famous Choir of King 's College , Cambridge ."
] | [
"His carol No Small Wonder , written in 1983 to words by Paul Wigmore , first appeared in Carols for Today in 1986 and was recorded on LP by Canterbury Cathedral Choir and subsequently heard in the famous Nine Lessons and Carols service broadcast on the BBC Television by the Choir of King 's College , Cambridge in ... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The choir had 16 trebles which was the number that Henry VI said there must be when he founded the college . Until 1927 the men in the choir were choral scholars and lay clerks . | [
"The choir had 16 trebles as specified in statutes laid down by Henry VI , and until 1927 the men 's voices were provided by choral scholars and lay clerks ."
] | [
"A lay clerk , also known as a lay vicar , song man or a vicar choral , is a professional adult singer ( or an accomplished amateur ) in a Cathedral or ( occasionally ) collegiate choir in the United Kingdom ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Guthrie Center is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Guthrie Center is a city in Guthrie County , Iowa , United States , along the South Raccoon River ."
] | [
"Pleasant Grove is a city of Jefferson County , Alabama ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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There are two basic kinds of Vodka : Clear vodka and flavored vodka . | [
"The recent success of grape-based vodka in the United States has prompted traditional vodka producers in the Vodka Belt countries of Poland , Finland , Lithuania , and Sweden to campaign for EU legislation that will categorize only spirits made from grain or potatoes as `` vodka . ''"
] | [
"Other terms include FAB ( flavored alcoholic beverage ) , FMB ( flavored malt beverage ) , PPS ( pre-packaged spirit or premium packaged spirits ) , and RTD ( Ready To Drink - Aus & NZ ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The Mayor of London is also referred to as the London Mayor , a form which helps to avoid confusion with the Lord Mayor of London , the ancient and now mainly ceremonial role in the City of London . | [
"The Mayor of London is also referred to as the London Mayor , a form which helps to avoid confusion with the Lord Mayor of the City of London , the ancient and now mainly ceremonial role in the geographically smaller central region of the ancient City of London ."
] | [
"Freedom of the City is an honor bestowed by some municipalities in Australia , Canada , Ireland , France , Italy , New Zealand , South Africa , Spain , the United Kingdom , and Zimbabwe to esteemed members of its community or to organizations that have given the community heroic service ; the term applies to two s... | SimpleWiki | {
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The Mayor of London is an elected politician in London . The role , created in 2000 , was the first directly-elected mayor in the United Kingdom . | [
"The role , created in 2000 after the London devolution referendum , was the first directly elected mayor in the United Kingdom ."
] | [
"The Lieutenancies Act 1997 ( 1997 c. 23 ) is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom , that defines areas that Lord-Lieutenants are appointed to in Great Britain ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The first elected Mayor of London is Ken Livingstone , who was re-elected in 2004 . In 2008 , Boris Johnson became mayor . | [
"The incumbent Labor Mayor , Ken Livingstone was defeated by Conservative candidate Boris Johnson becoming London 's 2nd Mayor ."
] | [
"Sadiq Aman Khan ( born 8 October 1970 ) is a British Labor Party politician , who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Tooting since 2005 , succeeding Tom Cox as the Labor MP for the seat ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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The mayor of London 's salary is one that ranks along that of a government cabinet minister 's . The current salary is  # 137,579 per year . | [
"The Mayor of London 's current salary is  # 143,911 per year , which is similar to that of a government Cabinet minister ."
] | [
"He also earns $ 2,323,942 in other long-term compensation , for a yearly grand total of $ 3,110,480 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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The Mayor of London is mayor of Greater London , which has a population of over 7.5 million while the City of London is only a small part of the modern city center and has a population of less than 10,000 . The first elected Mayor of London is Ken Livingstone , who was re-elected in 2004 . | [
"The Mayor of London is the mayor of all Greater London ( including the City ) ."
] | [
"Sadiq Aman Khan ( born 8 October 1970 ) is a British Labor Party politician , who has been the Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Tooting since 2005 , succeeding Tom Cox as the Labor MP for the seat ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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The line attributed to both Matisse and Picasso that `` CÃ zanne is the father of us all '' is significant . | [
"The line attributed to both Matisse and Picasso that CÃ zanne `` is the father of us all '' can not be easily dismissed ."
] | [
"He later explained to Champfleury and the writer Francis Wey , `` It is not often that one encounters so complete an expression of poverty and so , right then and there I got the idea for a painting ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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In Paris , CÃ zanne met the Impressionist Camille Pissarro in the mid-1860s . | [
"In Paris , CÃ zanne met the Impressionist Camille Pissarro ."
] | [
"After a period of ill health , exacerbated by his exhausting work on commissions for murals to decorate the Churches of Saint-Roch and Saint-Philippe-du-Roule , Chassà riau died at the age of 37 in Paris , on October 8 , 1856 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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He ordered whatever he saw into simple forms and color planes . | [
"To this end , he structurally ordered whatever he perceived into simple forms and color planes ."
] | [
"These were to be written with both letters capitalized ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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CÃ zanne 's work demonstrates a mastery of design , color and composition . | [
"CÃ zanne 's work demonstrates a mastery of design , color , tone , composition and draughtsmanship ."
] | [
"His bold experimentation with coloring led directly to the Synthetist style of modern art while his expression of the inherent meaning of the subjects in his paintings , under the influence of the cloisonnist style , paved the way to Primitivism and the return to the pastoral ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Paul CÃ zanne ( 19 January 1839 - 22 October 1906 ) was a French painter . | [
"Paul CÃ zanne ( ; 19 January 1839 â `` 22 October 1906 ) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavor to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century ."
] | [
"Eugà ne Joseph Delporte ( 10 January 1882 -- 19 October 1955 ) was a Belgian astronomer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
CÃ zanne 's early work is often concerned with the figure in the landscape , imaginatively painted . | [
"His early work is often concerned with the figure in the landscape and comprises many paintings of groups of large , heavy figures in the landscape , imaginatively painted ."
] | [
"Described by art historian Robert Rosenblum as having `` almost a generic character , an impersonal textbook idea of a perfect Impressionist painting '' , his work strongly invokes atmosphere and his skies are always very impressive ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
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His statement `` I want to make of impressionism something solid and lasting like the art in the museums '' , and his contention that he was re-creating Poussin `` after nature '' proved his desire to unite observation of nature with the permanence of classical composition . | [
"His statement `` I want to make of impressionism something solid and lasting like the art in the museums '' , and his contention that he was recreating Poussin `` after nature '' underscored his desire to unite observation of nature with the permanence of classical composition ."
] | [
"In antiquity this form of `` hard primitivism '' , whether admired or deplored ( both attitudes were common ) , co-existed in rhetorical opposition to the `` soft primitivism '' of visions of a lost Golden Age of ease and plenty ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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In CÃ zanne 's mature work we see the development of a solidified , almost architectural style of painting . | [
"Nevertheless , in CÃ zanne 's mature work we see the development of a solidified , almost architectural style of painting ."
] | [
"A series of extant drawings show DÃ 1\\/4 rer 's experiments in human proportion , leading to the famous engraving of Adam and Eve ( 1504 ) , which shows his subtlety while using the burin in the texturing of flesh surfaces ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
His brushstrokes are clearly recognizable . | [
"His often repetitive , sensitive and exploratory brushstrokes are highly characteristic and clearly recognizable ."
] | [
"Other examples of pioneer abstractionists such as Kasimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian have also embraced this approach towards abstract painting ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Over the course time their landscape painting excursions , in Louveciennes and Pontoise , led to a working relationship between equals . | [
"Over the course of the following decade their landscape painting excursions together , in Louveciennes and Pontoise , led to a collaborative working relationship between equals ."
] | [
"In the 1890s , pastel and oils became his favored media , and he produced no more noirs after 1900 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The paintings convey CÃ zanne 's intense study of his subjects , a searching gaze and a struggle to deal with the complexity of human visual perception . | [
"The paintings convey CÃ zanne 's intense study of his subjects , a searching gaze and a dogged struggle to deal with the complexity of human visual perception ."
] | [
"Rodin 's most original work departed from traditional themes of mythology and allegory , modeled the human body with realism , and celebrated individual character and physicality ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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He used planes of color and small brushstrokes that build up to form complex fields . | [
"He used planes of color and small brushstrokes that build up to form complex fields , at once both a direct expression of the sensations of the observing eye and an abstraction from observed nature ."
] | [
"Suprematist elements are combined with figurative elements ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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CÃ zanne forms the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early 20th century Cubism . | [
"CÃ zanne can be said to form the bridge between late 19th century Impressionism and the early 20th century 's new line of artistic enquiry , Cubism ."
] | [
"His bold experimentation with coloring led directly to the Synthetist style of modern art while his expression of the inherent meaning of the subjects in his paintings , under the influence of the cloisonnist style , paved the way to Primitivism and the return to the pastoral ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Initially the friendship was that of master and disciple , with Pissarro exerting an influence on the younger artist . | [
"Initially the friendship formed in the mid-1860s between Pissarro and CÃ zanne was that of master and disciple , with Pissarro exerting a formative influence on the younger artist ."
] | [
"He had a loving relationship with his wife who exerted little influence over her husband ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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They were numbered 1 to 3 in a separate list from the SR 's steam locomotives . | [
"The original intention was to number the locomotives 958 to 960 , following on from the steam locomotives of the Z class , but as delivered they were numbered 1 to 3 in a separate list from the SR 's steam locomotives ."
] | [
"Such rules are detailed on the following chart ( note therein that the ' refers to the area behind the table 's ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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Patrice à mery Lumumba ( July 2 , 1925 â `` January 17 , 1961 ) was the only elected leader of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( called the Republic of the Congo at the time , but this should not be confused with today 's Republic of the Congo ) . | [
"Patrice à mery Lumumba ( 2 July 1925 â `` 17 January 1961 ) was a Congolese independence leader and the first legally elected Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo after he helped win its independence from Belgium in June 1960 . Only ten weeks later , Lumumba 's government was deposed in a coup during the Co... | [
"The city was founded as a trading post by Henry Morton Stanley in 1881 and named LÃ opoldville in honor of King Leopold II of Belgium , who controlled the vast territory that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo , not as a colony but as a private property ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about History:",
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"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
There are many things to see in Bilbao : | [
"During those years also made their appearance Banco de Bilbao ( Bank of Bilbao ) , founded on Bilbao in 1857 and Banco de Vizcaya ( Bank of Biscay ) , which is established in 1901 , also in Bilbao ."
] | [
"The city is endowed with more Victorian houses per capita than anywhere else in America ; some of them have been turned into bed and breakfast inns ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Bilbao is a city in the Basque Country , in the North of Spain . | [
"Bilbao is a Spanish municipality , capital of the province of Biscay , in the autonomous community of the Basque Country ."
] | [
"Guernica ( ; official and ) is a town in the province of Biscay , in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country , Spain ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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At that time , the population of Edo ( Tokyo ) was considerably wealthier than the rural poor , were more susceptible to beri beri because of their high consumption of white rice which is low in thiamine . They are thought to have made up for this by regularly eating thiamine-rich soba . | [
"It was discovered that beri beri could be prevented by regularly eating thiamine-rich soba ."
] | [
"Today scurvy is known to be caused by a nutritional deficiency , but until the isolation of vitamin C and its direct link to scurvy in 1932 , numerous theories and treatments were proposed , often on little or no experimental data . This inconsistency is attributed to the lack of vitamin C as a distinct concept , ... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
This is especially common with hot noodles , as drawing up the noodles quickly into the mouth acts to cool them down . | [
"This is especially common with hot noodles , as drawing up the noodles quickly into the mouth helps cool them down ."
] | [
"The device cools as the water evaporates , allowing food stored in the inner pot to be kept fresh for much longer in a hot , dry climate ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Soba is traditionally eaten on New Years Eve in most areas of Japan , a tradition which survives to this day . | [
"Soba is traditionally eaten on New Years Eve in most areas of Japan , a tradition that survives to this day : Toshikoshi soba ."
] | [
"It is a superstition most common in East Asian regions such as mainland China , Taiwan , Japan and Korea ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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In the Tokyo area , there is also a tradition of giving out soba to new neighbors after a house move , although this practice is now rare . | [
"In the Tokyo area , there is also a tradition of giving out soba to new neighbors after a house move ( Hikkoshi soba ) , although this practice is now rare ."
] | [
"Traditionally they only accept new customers by referral and feature entertainment by geisha , but in modern times this is not always the case ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Some establishments , especially cheaper and more casual ones , may serve both soba and udon ( thick wheat noodles ) as they are often served in a similar manner . | [
"Some establishments , especially cheaper and more casual ones , may serve both soba and udon as they are often served in a similar manner ."
] | [
"In Japan , China , Taiwan and some Southeast Asian countries , including Thailand and Malaysia , peas are roasted and salted , and eaten as snacks ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
In Japan , soba noodles are served in a variety of situations . They are a popular inexpensive fast food at train stations throughout Japan , they are served by exclusive and expensive specialty restaurants , and they are also made at home . | [
"In Japan , soba noodles are served in a variety of settings : they are a popular inexpensive fast food at train stations throughout Japan , but are also served by exclusive and expensive specialty restaurants ."
] | [
"Dango are eaten year-round , but the different varieties are traditionally eaten in given seasons ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Popular garnishes are sliced scallion and shichimi toragashi ( mixed chili powder ) . | [
"Popular garnishes are sliced scallion and shichimi togarashi ( mixed chilli powder ) ."
] | [
"Takoyaki ( literally fried or grilled octopus ) is a popular ball-shaped Japanese dumpling or more like a savory pancake made of batter and cooked in a special takoyaki pan ( see below ) . It is typically filled with diced or whole baby octopus , tempura scraps ( tenkasu ) , pickled ginger , and green onion , brus... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Buckwheat hulls , or sobakawa , are used to fill pillows . | [
"Buckwheat hulls , or sobakawa ( also called sobagara ) , are used to fill pillows ."
] | [
"The seeds are also pressed to make mustard oil , and the edible leaves can be eaten as mustard greens ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Moreover , it is not uncommon in Japan to refer to any thin noodle as soba in contrast to udon which are thick noodles made from wheat . | [
"Moreover , it is common in Japan to refer to any thin noodle as soba in contrast to udon ( thick wheat noodles ) ."
] | [
"In Japan , China , Taiwan and some Southeast Asian countries , including Thailand and Malaysia , peas are roasted and salted , and eaten as snacks ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Wasabi , scallions , and grated ginger are often mixed into the tsuyu . | [
"Wasabi and scallions are often mixed into the tsuyu ."
] | [
"The whole fresh leaves , æ ã è 1\\/2 kinome , are used to flavor vegetables , especially bamboo shoots , and to decorate soups ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Every neighborhood had one or two soba establishments , many also serving sake , which functioned much like modern cafes where locals would drop by casually . | [
"In the Tokugawa era , every neighborhood had one or two soba establishments , many also serving sake , which functioned much like modern cafes where locals would casually drop by for an informal bite to eat ."
] | [
"In Japan , China , Taiwan and some Southeast Asian countries , including Thailand and Malaysia , peas are roasted and salted , and eaten as snacks ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
The tsuyu is made of a strong mixture of dashi , sweetened soy sauce and mirin . | [
"The tsuyu is made of a strong mixture of dashi , sweetened soy sauce ( also called `` satÅ jÅ yu '' ) and mirin ."
] | [
"Other kinds of dashi stock are made by soaking kelp , niboshi , or shiitake in water for many hours or by heating them in near-boiling water and straining the resultant broth ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Culinary:"
} |
Ni-hachi ( two-eight ) soba , consists of two parts of wheat and eight of buckwheat . | [
"Ni-hachi ( ä å `` , two-eight ) soba , consists of two parts of wheat and eight of buckwheat ; Juuwari ( å å , 100 % ) soba , the finest ( and usually most expensive ) variety , consists entirely of buckwheat ."
] | [
"Though hÅ tÅ is commonly recognized as a variant of udon , locals do not consider it to be an udon dish because the dough is prepared in the style of dumplings rather than noodles ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Soba -RCB- -RCB- is a type of thin Japanese noodle . It is made from buckwheat flour . | [
"Soba is a type of thin Japanese noodle made from buckwheat flour ."
] | [
"Some pasta varieties , such as pizzoccheri , are made from buckwheat flour ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
This tradition originates from the Edo period . At that time , the population of Edo ( Tokyo ) was considerably wealthier than the rural poor , were more susceptible to beri beri because of their high consumption of white rice which is low in thiamine . | [
"This tradition originates from the Tokugawa period , when the population of Edo ( Tokyo ) , being considerably wealthier than the rural poor , were more susceptible to beri beri due to their high consumption of white rice , which is low in thiamine ."
] | [
"Miso is a relatively simple process and so home-made versions spread throughout Japan . Miso was used as military provision during the Sengoku era and making miso was an important economic activity for daimyos of that era ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about nutrition:"
} |
Å ' uilly , Aisne is a commune . | [
"Å ' uilly is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | [
"Fà cents ntà cents nele is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Ravenpaw comes to meet Fireheart to tell him where Cloudpaw is , and so he , Fireheart , and Sandstorm go and rescue Cloudpaw . | [
"Fireheart and Sandstorm rescue Cloudpaw , who is found near the barn where Ravenpaw and Barley live . He is accepted back into the Clan , since Fireheart keeps it a secret that Cloudpaw went to humans for food ."
] | [
"Months pass and Tod and Copper reach adulthood ; Copper has become an experienced hunting dog , while Tod has grown into a handsome fox . On the night of Copper 's return , Tod ( Mickey Rooney ) sneaks over to meet him ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The word `` antiquity '' usually means ancient history that is before the start of Ancient Greek history in about 776 BC . | [
"The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to ancient history since the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC ( First Olympiad ) ."
] | [
"This history together with the history of writing which was emerged in 3000-4000 BC are at the foundation of the Graphic Art ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
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