query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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After defeating the great King , Xiang Yu , Emperor Gaozu of Han unified China and became the first emperor of Han Dynasty . | [
"He was also granted the title of `` King of Han '' by Xiang Yu , when the latter split the former Qin empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms . Liu was known by this title before becoming Emperor of China ."
] | [
"It was founded by the Li ( æ ) family , who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire ."
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He went to find his wife immediately . When Liu Tai Gong arrived , he saw a dragon sleeping on her body . | [
"Liu 's father went to see his wife and saw a dragon beside her ."
] | [
"As the jellyfish came back and told RyÅ `` jin what had happened , RyÅ `` jin became so angry that he beat the jellyfish until its bones were crushed ."
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After defeating the great King , Xiang Yu , Emperor Gaozu of Han unified China and became the first emperor of Han Dynasty . Emperor Weidi of Han , Gaozu 's son , was the 2nd emperor of Han Dynasty . | [
"Liu named his dynasty `` Han '' , historically known as `` Western Han Dynasty '' , and he became known as Emperor Gao ( or Gaozu ) ."
] | [
"`` Princess of Peace '' , personal name unknown ) ( died 2 August 713 ) was a princess of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and her mother Wu Zetian 's Zhou Dynasty . She was the youngest daughter of Wu Zetian and Emperor Gaozong and was powerful during the reigns of her mother and her elder brothers Emperor Zhongz... | SimpleWiki | {
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After this incident , Liu Tai Gong 's wife had a baby and Liu Bang was born soon . | [
"Shortly after that , Liu 's mother became pregnant and gave birth to Liu Bang ."
] | [
"After some internal conflict , Zheng Keshuang , his younger twelve-year-old son , succeeded him as king ."
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Emperor Gaozu of Han ( Chinese : æ 1\/4 cents é `` ç -- 256 BC or 247 BC â `` 195 BC ) was the founder of Han Dynasty and he reigned China from 202 BC until 195 BC . His name was Liu Bang and Ji was his courtesy name . | [
"Emperor Gao ( 256 BC or 247 BC â `` 1 June 195 BC ) , commonly known within China by his temple name Gaozu ( , Wade-Giles : Kao Tsu ) , personal name Liu Bang , was the first emperor of the Han Dynasty , ruling over China from 202 BC to 195 BC ."
] | [
"Shen Bao , formerly transliterated as Shun Pao or Shen-pao ( Chinese : ç '' å ; Pinyin : ShÄ `` n BÃ o ) , known in English as Shanghai News , was a newspaper published from April 30 , 1872 to May 27 , 1949 in Shanghai , China ."
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Ecques is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"Ecques is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Vitry-en-Artois is a commune and in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
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The Environmental Protection Agency says hydrochloric acid is a toxin . | [
"The United States Environmental Protection Agency rates and regulates hydrochloric acid as a toxic substance ."
] | [
"Lead ( II ) sulfide is non-toxic , unless the lead and sulfur are heated to decomposition and toxic compounds of lead and sulfur oxides are produced ( such as in roasting lead ore ) . Lead sulfide is insoluble and a stable compound in the pH of blood and so it is the least toxic form of lead ."
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The following table lists the EU classification of hydrochloric acid solutions : | [
"The following table lists the EU classification of hydrochloric acid solutions ."
] | [
"Determination of non-stigma content ( `` floral waste content '' ) and other extraneous matter such as inorganic material ( `` ash '' ) are also key ."
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These can damage the eyes , the skin , the respiratory system , and other organs of the human body . | [
"Both the mist and the solution have a corrosive effect on human tissue , with the potential to damage respiratory organs , eyes , skin , and intestines ."
] | [
"Should the temperature reach 108 Â , the internal organs begin to break down at a cellular level which can lead to severe long term health issues or even death ."
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The risks of coming in contact with hydrochloric acid depend on its concentration . | [
"The hazards of solutions of hydrochloric acid depend on the concentration ."
] | [
"However , inorganic compounds , such as cinnabar are also highly toxic by ingestion or inhalation of the dust ."
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Hydrochloric acid is a chemical compound . It is a solution of hydrogen chloride ( HCl ) gas that is dissolved in water . | [
"Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride ( HCl ) in water , that is a highly corrosive , strong mineral acid with many industrial uses ."
] | [
"Mercury ( I ) nitrate is formed when elemental mercury is combined with dilute nitric acid ( concentrated nitric acid will yield mercury ( II ) nitrate ) . Mercury ( I ) nitrate is a reducing agent which is oxidized upon contact with air ."
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Hydrochloric acid , like all acids , react with bases to produce salts ( chlorides ) . | [
"Hydrochloric acid can therefore be used to prepare salts called chlorides , such as sodium chloride ."
] | [
"The free zinc ion is a powerful Lewis acid up to the point of being corrosive . Stomach acid contains hydrochloric acid , in which metallic zinc dissolves readily to give corrosive zinc chloride ."
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In high concentrations , hydrochloric acid can make acidic mists . | [
"Concentrated hydrochloric acid ( fuming hydrochloric acid ) forms acidic mists ."
] | [
"Its clear aqueous solution is guaranteed to be free of carbonate , unlike those of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide , as barium carbonate is insoluble in water ."
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Currently , the PS3 is sold in a new , slimmer and more efficient model with a 160 GB or 320 GB HDD . | [
"In July 2010 , Sony announced two new sizes of Slim PS3 , 160 GB and 320 GB , with the 120 GB model being discontinued in Japan ."
] | [
"As the architectures are different between Xbox and Xbox 360 , software emulation is the only way to have compatibility without including hardware from the original Xbox . According to Microsoft the Xbox 360 's life span will last until 2015 , more than doubling the life span of the original Xbox ."
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PlayStation 3 is Sony 's third video game console . | [
"The PlayStation 3 is the third home video game console produced by Sony Computer Entertainment and the successor to the PlayStation 2 as part of the PlayStation series ."
] | [
"The Xbox 360 had superior storage , audio and video capabilities compared to the original Xbox ."
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It is going against the new Microsoft Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii consoles . | [
"The PlayStation 3 competes with Microsoft 's Xbox 360 and Nintendo 's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles ."
] | [
"The game is also being developed for mobile phones , and for the PC ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Drap is a commune . | [
"Drap is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Archbishop Desmond Tutu ( born 7 October 1931 ) won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984 for his work fighting apartheid in South Africa . | [
"The Most Rev. Dr. Desmond Mpilo Tutu ( born 7 October 1931 ) is a South African activist and Christian cleric who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid ."
] | [
"Emily Greene Balch ( January 8 , 1867 -- January 9 , 1961 ) was an American academic , writer , and pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1946 ( the prize that year was shared with John Mott ) , notably for her work with the Women 's International League for Peace and Freedom ( WILPF ) ."
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He was the first Anglican archbishop in Cape Town . | [
"He was the first black South African Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town , South Africa , and primate of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa ( now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa ) ."
] | [
"Martin the Armenian was a settler in the Jamestown Colony in Virginia ."
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Ennis is a town in the Republic of Ireland . | [
"The Ennis Business college is one of Ennis 's 3rd level facilities ."
] | [
"Dromore West is a village in County Sligo , Ireland ."
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Avirey-Lingey is a commune of the Aube dà partement in the north-central part of France . | [
"Avirey-Lingey is a commune in the Aube department in northern-central France ."
] | [
"Chappes is a commune in the Aube dà partement in north-central France ."
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Hemorrhoid or hemorrhoids are vascular structures in the anal canal which help with stool control . | [
"Hemorrhoids ( US English ) or hemorrhoids ( British English ; pronounced \\/ Ë hÉ mÉ rÉ '' É dz \\/ ) , are vascular structures in the anal canal which help with stool control ."
] | [
"The cecum is a pouch-like structure of the colon and the appendix is near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine and has abundant infection-fighting lymphoid cells , which suggests it plays a role in the immune system ."
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MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 ( MP3 ) is a lossy data compression format for audio . | [
"MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III , more commonly referred to as MP3 , is a patented digital audio encoding format using a form of lossy data compression ."
] | [
"A Compact Disc ( also known as a CD ) is an optical disc used to store digital data ."
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Waynesboro is a city of Virginia in the United States . | [
"The Waynesboro City Public Schools system serves the area ."
] | [
"Radford is a city in Virginia , United States ."
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Joncourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France . | [
"Joncourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | [
"Belleau is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France ."
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Pinoy Idol has three judges , who give comments on performances . The three judges are : | [
"Each of the three judges told one of the three finalists about his comments on the performances as well as those of the other judges ."
] | [
"Hosting chores were given to Raymond Gutierrez . Veteran TV host Paolo Bediones and singer-actress Regine Velasquez were considered for the role as Pinoy Idol host , but were rejected due to being over-aged under Idol franchise standards ."
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Pinoy Idol also has a host , Raymond Gutierrez . | [
"Hosting chores were given to Raymond Gutierrez . Veteran TV host Paolo Bediones and singer-actress Regine Velasquez were considered for the role as Pinoy Idol host , but were rejected due to being over-aged under Idol franchise standards ."
] | [
"After several auditions , Naty Quinones and Tiffany Beaudoin were selected as members ."
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The 2006 FIFA World Cup was a football ( soccer ) sporting event that was held in Germany from June 9 to July 9 , 2006 . | [
"The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th FIFA World Cup , the quadrennial international football world championship tournament . It was held from 9 June to 9 July 2006 in Germany , which won the right to host the event in July 2000 ."
] | [
"The season officially began on June 1 , 1973 , and lasted until November 30 , 1973 ."
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CBS News is the news division of American television network CBS . | [
"CBS News is the news division of American television and radio network CBS ."
] | [
"debuted on The CW Television Network , a joint venture between CBS Corporation ( owner of UPN ) and Warner Bros. ."
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A placebo is a medicine or diet which may have a medical effect based solely on the power of suggestion , an effect known as the placebo effect or placebo response . | [
"The placebo effect has sometimes been defined as a physiological effect caused by the placebo , but Moerman and Jonas have pointed out that this seems illogical , as a placebo is an inert substance which does not directly cause anything . Instead they introduced the word `` meaning response '' for the meaning the ... | [
"Epidemiological tools have proved effective in establishing major causes of diseases like cholera and lung cancer , but have had problems with more subtle health issues , and several recent epidemiological results on medical treatments ( for example , on the effects of hormone replacement therapy ) have been refut... | SimpleWiki | {
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Tarqeq or Saturn LII ( provisional designation S\/2007 S 1 ) is a moon of Saturn . | [
"Tarqeq , also known as Saturn LII ( provisional designation S\\/2007 S 1 ) is a natural satellite of Saturn ."
] | [
"It was discovered from the images taken by Voyager 2 on 9 January 1986 , and was given the temporary designation S\\/1986 U 3 ."
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The orbit is at an inclination of 49.90 Â ( to the ecliptic ; 49.77 Â to Saturn 's equator ) , with an eccentricity of 0.1081 . | [
"The orbit at an inclination of 49.90 Â ( to the ecliptic ; 49.77 Â to Saturn 's equator ) , in a prograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.1081 ."
] | [
"Eurydome is about 3 kilometres in diameter , and orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,231 Mm in 723.359 days , at an inclination of 149 Â to the ecliptic ( 147 Â to Jupiter 's equator ) , in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.3770 ."
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Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard , David C. Jewitt , Jan Kleyna , and Brian G. Marsden on April 13 , 2007 , from observations taken between January 5 , 2006 and March 22 , 2007 . | [
"Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard , David C. Jewitt , Jan Kleyna , and Brian G. Marsden on April 13 , 2007 , from observations taken between January 5 , 2006 , and March 22 , 2007 ."
] | [
"Himalia , the largest irregular satellite of Jupiter , was discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at the Lick Observatory on 3 December 1904 ."
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The semi-major axis of Tarqeq is 17,910,000 km and it orbits Saturn in 894.86 days . | [
"The semi-major axis of S\\/2007 S 1 is 17.9106 Gm and it orbits Saturn in 894.86 days ."
] | [
"Thebe is the outermost of the inner Jovian moons , and orbits Jupiter at a distance of about 222,000 km ( 3.11 Jupiter radii ) ."
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The Shih Tzu ( ; Mandarin : ) is a breed of dog weighing 4 - with long silky hair . | [
"The Shih Tzu ( , from Mandarin ) is a breed of dog weighing 4 - with long silky hair ."
] | [
"The Turkish Angora is a breed of domestic cat ."
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The breed original from China and is among the earliest breeds . | [
"The breed originated in China and is among the earliest breeds ."
] | [
"However , their species are already considered extinct ."
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There is an area of mathematics called mathematical logic that studies logic using mathematics . | [
"The syllogistic logic developed by Aristotle predominated in the West until the mid-19th century , when interest in the foundations of mathematics stimulated the development of symbolic logic ( now called mathematical logic ) . In 1854 , George Boole published An Investigation of the Laws of Thought on Which are F... | [
"In this case , if a proof uses this statement , researchers will often look for a new proof that does n't require the hypothesis ( in the same way that it is desirable that statements in Euclidean geometry be proved using only the axioms of neutral geometry , i.e. no parallel postulate . ) The one major exception ... | SimpleWiki | {
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Logic is also studied in philosophy . | [
"The development of logic since Frege , Russell and Wittgenstein had a profound influence on the practice of philosophy and the perceived nature of philosophical problems ( see Analytic philosophy ) , and Philosophy of mathematics . Logic , especially sentential logic , is implemented in computer logic circuits and... | [
"In 1920 he proposed explicitly a research project ( in metamathematics , as it was then termed ) that became known as Hilbert 's program ."
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Logic is used in mathematics . | [
"Predicate logic is the generic term for symbolic formal systems such as first-order logic , second-order logic , many-sorted logic , and infinitary logic ."
] | [
"Signal detection theory is based on decision theory ."
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This list contains the tallest buildings currently under construction in Australia . | [
"This list includes the ten tallest under construction , on hold or approved buildings in Australia ."
] | [
"At 871 feet ( 265 m ) tall , it is currently the seventh tallest building in Chicago and the 25th tallest in the United States ."
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When you measure buildings in Australia to the top of their spires , Q1 Tower in Gold Coast , Queensland is the tallest . | [
"Australia is home to the world 's tallest all-residential building , Q1 in Gold Coast , Queensland . Despite Q1 being located on the Gold Coast , the majority of Australia 's tallest buildings are located in the country 's two largest cities : Melbourne and Sydney ."
] | [
"At 871 feet ( 265 m ) tall , it is currently the seventh tallest building in Chicago and the 25th tallest in the United States ."
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Aubigny , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Aubigny is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Trois-Monts ( French for three-mountains ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
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After a referendum on 16 December 1951 it joined with WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg-Baden , which had been in the American Zone , and Baden which had also been in the French Zone , and formed the present state of Baden-W Ã 1\/4 rttemberg on 25 April 1952 | [
"A public referendum was held on 16 December 1951 . All three states were merged and the modern German state of Baden-W Ã 1\\/4 rttemberg was founded on 25 April 1952 ."
] | [
"Backnang is a town in Germany , in the Bundesland of Baden-W Ã 1\\/4 rttemberg , roughly 30 kilometers northeast of Stuttgart ."
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After World War the Kingdom of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg became the Free Peoples ' State of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg . | [
"The norther half of WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg became the state of WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Baden under US-administration ."
] | [
"In 1952 Baden merged with WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Baden and WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern ( southern WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg and the former Prussian exclave of Hohenzollern ) to form Baden-W Ã 1\\/4 rttemberg ."
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After World War II the part of the Free Peoples ' State of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg and the old Principality of Hohenzollern were joined to make WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern . | [
"WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern consisted of the southern half of the former state of WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg and the Prussian administrative region of Hohenzollern ."
] | [
"In 1972 the district was merged with GÃ 1\\/4 nzburg ( district ) and the urban district GÃ 1\\/4 nzburg to GÃ 1\\/4 nzburg district in todays borders ."
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After World War the Kingdom of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg became the Free Peoples ' State of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg . After World War II the part of the Free Peoples ' State of WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg and the old Principality of Hohenzollern were joined to make WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern . | [
"A straw poll was held on 24 September 1950 in WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern , WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Baden , and Baden regarding a merger of the three states ."
] | [
"In 1924 Geestemà 1\\/4 nde and the neighbouring municipality of Lehe were united to become the new city of Wesermà 1\\/4 nde , and in 1939 Bremerhaven was removed from the jurisdiction of Bremen and made a part of Wesermà 1\\/4 nde , then a part of the Prussian Province of Hanover ."
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It was part of the French Zone of Occupation . | [
"It was created in 1945 as part of the French occupation zone ."
] | [
"Following Germany 's surrender and the end of the war , the governments of East Berlin and West Berlin restored it in a joint effort ."
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WÃ 1\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern was one of the original states of the Federal Republic of Germany . | [
"WÃ 1\\/4 rttemberg-Hohenzollern was a historical state of West Germany ."
] | [
"Neumà 1\\/4 nster is one of four independent towns in Schleswig-Holstein , Germany ."
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Equatoria divided into East and West Equatoria . | [
"Equatoria divided into East and Western Equatoria ."
] | [
"The JEM is also a member of the Eastern Front , a rebel coalition formerly active in the east of Sudan along the Eritrean border ."
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Below is a list of the 25 states of Sudan . As Sudan was under British rule , they are organized by their original provinces under British rule . | [
"Below is a list of the 25 states of Sudan organized by their original provinces under British rule ."
] | [
"Although its legal status is disputed , it is the effective boundary between China and India ."
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Arabic language versions are in parentheses . | [
"Arabic language versions are , as appropriate , in parentheses ."
] | [
"For ease of reading , the short titles below are in English ."
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It is shorter than the small intestine . But its diameter is bigger , so its name is large intestine . | [
"While both the small intestine and the large intestine have goblet cells , they are abundant in the large intestine ."
] | [
"Also , it is eliminated from the diet of patients having abdominal surgery and ulcers because of its irritating effect upon the intestines , being replaced by what is referred to as a bland diet ."
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Falkirk is a town in Scotland . | [
"Falkirk has two railway stations ; Falkirk High and Falkirk Grahamston ."
] | [
"Stonehouse is a rural village in South Lanarkshire , Scotland ."
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It is home to Scottish Premier League football club Falkirk F.C. | [
"Falkirk play their home games at the Falkirk Stadium . They currently compete in the Scottish Football League First Division after being relegated from the Scottish Premier League in the 2009\\/10 season ."
] | [
"Jefferies has also managed Gala Fairydean , Berwick Rangers , Falkirk , Bradford City and Kilmarnock ."
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Frederick John Inman ( 28 June 1935 â `` 8 March 2007 ) was an English actor . | [
"Frederick John Inman ( 28 June 1935 â `` 8 March 2007 ) was an English actor best known for his role as Mr. Humphries in Are You Being Served ?"
] | [
"Roberto Rosato ( 18 August 1943 â `` 20 June 2010 ) was an Italian footballer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Canon is now an international company . | [
"Canon in Europe is split into Canon Europa NV ( based in the Netherlands ) and Canon Europe Ltd ( based in London ) ."
] | [
"Beuchat is an international company ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Today , Canon creates everything from digital cameras and camcorders to laser printers and film . | [
"Canon is a manufacturer of business and consumer imaging products which includes printers , scanners , binoculars , compact digital cameras , film and digital SLR cameras , lenses and video camcorders ."
] | [
"Barcodes originally were scanned by special -- optical scanners called barcode readers , scanners and interpretive software are available on devices including desktop printers and smartphones ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Canon has buildings in the Americas , Europe , the Middle East , Africa , Asia , and the South Seas . | [
"Canon has regional headquarters in the Americas , Europe , Middle East , Africa , Japan , Asia and Oceania ( including Australia & New Zealand ) ."
] | [
"SingTel has 37 offices in 19 countries located throughout the Asia Pacific region , Europe and the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Hungarian name for the town is Komà rom . | [
"Its former name and status of town and county seat of the Komà rom county was restored ."
] | [
"Miskolc 's football team also got its name from Dià sgyŠ` r , since their stadium stands there ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Since the end of World War I , when Czechoslovakia became a separate country from Hungary , the town has been split into two : Komà rno is on the left ( north ) bank of the river , now in Slovakia , and Komà rom is on the right ( south ) bank of the river , in Hungary . Komà rno has a population of 37.000 and Komà rom has a population of 19.600 . | [
"In 1938 , under the First Vienna Award of that year , Komà rno ( now again as Komà rom ) was returned to Hungary ."
] | [
"Administratively , Bratislava is divided into five districts : Bratislava I ( the city center ) , Bratislava II ( eastern parts ) , Bratislava III ( north-eastern parts ) , Bratislava IV ( western and northern parts ) and Bratislava V ( southern parts on the right bank of the Danube , including PetrÅ 3\\/4 alka , ... | SimpleWiki | {
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People have lived in the area of Komà rno for thousands of years . | [
"In fact Komà rno became the center of cultural and social life of the Hungarians in Czechoslovakia . In 1938 , under the First Vienna Award of that year , Komà rno ( now again as Komà rom ) was returned to Hungary ."
] | [
"The first inhabitants settled in the territory of today 's Ain about 15000 B.C. ."
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In 1244 a law was made which said that every merchant who sailed a boat down the Danube past Komà rno had to stop for several days in Komà rno and unload all the cargo so that people could buy it if they wanted . | [
"After the WW II the territory on the north bank of the Danube became part of Czechoslovakia again and the town name was changed to Komà rno . After the war , large-scale reconstruction of Komà rno 's industries began ."
] | [
"They murdered him when he tried to get them to accompany him to the king 's manor to pay a trading tax on their goods ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The river Vah flows into the Danube at Komà rno . The Danube at this point forms the border between the countries Slovakia and Hungary . | [
"Komà rno was formed from part of a historical town in Hungary situated on both banks of the Danube ."
] | [
"The state of the Gepids was commonly known as Gepidia or Kingdom of the Gepids , whose territory is composed of parts of modern day Romania , Slovakia , Hungary and Serbia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Komà rno is a town in the south-west of Slovakia . | [
"Komà rno is Slovakia 's principal port on the Danube ."
] | [
"GÅ uchoÅ azy is a town in in Nysa County , in Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland , near the border with the Czech Republic ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Laiz is a commune . | [
"Laiz is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Both networks are large and benefit from tourism . | [
"Both networks are extensive and benefit from tourism ."
] | [
"Although these fields are relatively small , production is significant ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The people of the canton are spread thinly . | [
"The canton is thinly populated ."
] | [
"They are a sea-faring people , and engaged in trade with people of Papua New Guinea ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The canton of Valais is in the south of Switzerland . | [
"The canton of Valais lies in the southwest of Switzerland ."
] | [
"The district of Brig is a district in the canton of Valais , Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Rhà ne drains the main valley from east to west up to Martigny , Switzerland , then in a right angle north to its mouth in the Lake Geneva . | [
"The Rhà ne drains almost the entire canton and flows in the main valley from east to west down to Martigny , then in a right angle north to its mouth in Lake Geneva ."
] | [
"The Western Alps are higher , but the central chain is shorter and curved ; It is located in Italy , France and Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Geography:",
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Wine production and tourism are some of the main industries of the canton . | [
"Wine and fruit cognacs , e.g. `` Williamine '' production and tourism are some of the main industries of the canton ."
] | [
"Sandy beaches are found on both coasts also , and despite a large potential for tourism , the province has seen little development in that area with the exception of Santa Lucà a beach , on the province 's North coast ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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To the north the canton there are the Swiss cantons of Vaud and Bern ; the cantons of Uri and Ticino lie to its east . | [
"To the north the canton is bounded by the Swiss cantons of Vaud and Bern ; the cantons of Uri and Ticino lie to its east ."
] | [
"The district of Leventina is one of the eight districts of the largely Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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In 888 , Valais became a part of the kingdom of Jurane Burgundy . | [
"From 888 onwards the lands were part of the kingdom of Jurane Burgundy ."
] | [
"After this Aarberg became the capital of the Bezirk or county of Aarberg ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Near Visp there is a large plant of aluminium manufacturing . | [
"Near Visp there is a large aluminium processing plant ."
] | [
"In the town of Collombey-Muraz , there is an oil refinery ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The eastern part of the canton Upper Valais , however , speaks Walliser German . | [
"The eastern part of the canton ( Upper Valais ) , however , speaks Walliser German ."
] | [
"It comprises the lower course of the river Aare , which is why the canton is called Aar-gau ( meaning Aare district ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The main valley lies between the Bernese Alps in the north and the Pennine Alps in the south . | [
"The main valley is bounded by the Bernese Alps in the north and the Pennine Alps in the south ."
] | [
"The old city of Aarau is situated on a rocky outcropping at a narrowing of the Aar river valley , at the southern foot of the Jura mountains ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The wide , icy Rhone valley dominates the area . | [
"The wide , glacial Rhà ne valley dominates the area ."
] | [
"Exiting the lake , it drops much more in 25 kilometres to the Sea of Galilee ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The largest towns are the capitals Sion ( Sitten ) , Sierre and Brig . There is no major city located in the canton . | [
"The largest towns are the capital Sion ( Sitten ) , Monthey , Sierre , Martigny and Brig . There is no major city located in the canton ."
] | [
"Visp ( French Vià ge ) is the capital of the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In the town of Collombey , there is an oil refinery . | [
"In the town of Collombey-Muraz , there is an oil refinery ."
] | [
"In the locality of Punta Falcone is an astronomical observatory , created in 1976 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In 1628 the Valais became a republic , the RÃ publique des Sept Dizains \/ Republik der Sieben Zehenden but the bishop remained in power until Napoleon 's troops invaded the Valais and created the RÃ publique du Valais on March 16 , 1798 but on May 1 , 1798 , the Valais became part of the Helvetic Republic and became independent again in 1802 as the Rhodanic Republic . | [
"In 1628 the Valais became a republic , the RÃ publique des Sept Dizains\\/Republik der Sieben Zehenden under the guidance of the prince-bishop of Sion and the bailli . The bishop remained in power until 1798 when Napoleon 's troops invaded the Valais and declared a Revolutionary RÃ publique du Valais ( March 16 ) ... | [
"In 1803 , as part of the Act of Mediation , the canton of Thurgau became a member of the Swiss confederation ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Fifty of the mountains are more than 4,000 m high , with the highest , Monte Rosa , that reaches to 4,638 m ( 15,217 ft ) , and there are many glaciers . | [
"Fifty of the mountains exceed 4,000 m with the highest , Monte Rosa , reaching to 4638 m , and there are numerous glaciers including several of the largest in the Alps ."
] | [
"It falls from an altitude of 5,753 m ( 18,875 ft ) above sea level at its head at Indira Col on the China border down to 3,620 m ( 11,875 ft ) at its terminus ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The most industrial western region of the canton is called Chablais . | [
"The west part and the most industrial region of the canton is called Chablais ."
] | [
"The municipality is the capital of the Laufenburg district ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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The resorts on the north side of the main Rhone river valley are popular , looking out southwards towards the Peninne Alps and still part of the southern slope of the Bernese Alps , such as the family oriented resort of Crans-Montana . | [
"The resorts on the north side of the main Rhà ne river valley are popular , looking out southwards towards the Peninne Alps and still part of the southern slope of the Bernese Alps , such as the family-oriented resort of Crans-Montana ."
] | [
"A small scenic village of around 500 residents in the Bagnes Valley , it lies about 10 km distant from Verbier ski resort ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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King Rudolph III of Burgundy gave the area to the Bishop of Sion in 999 , and made him Count of the Valais . | [
"King Rudolph III of Burgundy gave the lands to the Bishop of Sion in 999 , making him Count of the Valais ."
] | [
"Lenzburg was conquered by Bern in 1415 , along with the western part of current Aargau , though Bern did not take away its city rights ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It is also one of most well-watered parts , having large amounts of snow and rain up on the highest peaks found in Switzerland . | [
"Paradoxically it is also one of most well-watered parts , having large amounts of snow and rain up on the highest peaks found in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Ashton 's climate is unique and is distinct . Ashton 's annual precipitation , at 20 inches , is among the highest in southern Idaho and yet Ashton is not in the mountains ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Geography:",
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There are many side valleys off the main valley . | [
"There are many side valleys which branch off the main valley ."
] | [
"The south circuit is the other half of the racecourse ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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It is near the valley of the Rhone River from its springs to Lake Geneva , that separates Pennine Alps from the Bernese Alps . | [
"The Valais is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the southwestern part of the country , around the valley of the Rhà ne from its headwaters to Lake Geneva , separating the Pennine Alps from the Bernese Alps ."
] | [
"To the south they are bounded by the Balkan mountain range in Serbia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:",
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The longest land tunnel in the world , the LÃ tschberg Base Tunnel , will soon be working , in late 2007 perhaps , connecting by rail the town of Frutigen in canton Bern , with the town of Visp in canton Valais\/Wallis . | [
"The longest land tunnel in the world , the LÃ tschberg Base Tunnel , is in operation since late 2007 , connecting by rail the town of Frutigen in canton Bern , with the town of Visp in canton Valais\\/Wallis ."
] | [
"Burgà schisee is a lake near Aeschi in Switzerland , on the border of the cantons of Berne and Solothurn ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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} |
Other parts of the mountains of the canton farther west are popular as well , such as the more French speaking resorts near Verbier and the Evolene & Arolla region . | [
"Other parts of the mountains of the canton further west are popular as well , such as the more French-speaking resorts near Verbier and the Evolene and Arolla region ."
] | [
"The Leukerbad thermal baths are just North of Leuk , towards the pass ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The count-bishops had to defend their area against the dukes of Savoy . | [
"The count-bishops then struggled to defend their area against the dukes of Savoy , so that the medieval history of the Valais is inextricably linked with that of the diocese of Sion ."
] | [
"This was a Pyrrhic victory , however ; the city had shown itself strong enough to defy the powerful Archbishop of Cologne , but lost much of its trade : the `` liberated '' town was two-thirds surrounded by territories with other allegiances ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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The canton is one of the drier parts of Switzerland in its central Rhone valley . | [
"The canton is one of the drier parts of Switzerland in its central Rhà ne valley ."
] | [
"This is to better allay car traffic in the highly scenic Kandertal , and also to provide faster transport through the Bernese Alps from the populous Mittelland in the north to the southern canton of Valais ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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} |
The Romans called the area Vallis Poenina ( `` Upper Rhà ne Valley '' ) . | [
"The Romans called the area Vallis Poenina ( Upper Rhà ne Valley ) ."
] | [
"The area is heavily covered with forests , hence the name ( from Å uma ` forest ' ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
The French speaking population makes up a two-thirds of the population . | [
"The French-speaking population makes up slightly more than two-thirds of the total population ."
] | [
"The number of non-Muslims is 3000 or 32 % of the population which is significantly higher than the national average of 4 % ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
This is to better spread car traffic in the highly scenic Kandertal , and also to provide faster transport through the Bernese Alps from the populous Mittelland in the north to the southern canton of Valais . | [
"This is to better allay car traffic in the highly scenic Kandertal , and also to provide faster transport through the Bernese Alps from the populous Mittelland in the north to the southern canton of Valais ."
] | [
"Burgà schisee is a lake near Aeschi in Switzerland , on the border of the cantons of Berne and Solothurn ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Geography:"
} |
Three Cups of Tea is a book co-written by Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin . | [
"Though Mortenson and Relin are given equal credit for authoring the Three Cups of Tea , the book is written from Relin 's perspective as a journalist interviewing and observing Mortenson . In the book 's introduction , Relin admits to liking Mortenson too much to be as objective as he probably should be ."
] | [
"Fig Pudding is a young adult novel written by Ralph Fletcher , first published in 1995 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
AfghanistÄ n ( Pashto : Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Ø Ù | [
"The name AfghÄ nistÄ n , Persian : Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ø Ù , means the `` Land of Afghans '' , originating from the word Afghan ."
] | [
"Kader Abdollah is the pen name of Hossein Sadjadi Ghaemmaghami Farahani ( Persian : Ø Ø Û Ù Ø Ø Ø Ø Û Ù Ø Ø Ù"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Û Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ø Ù ) is a country located in South-central Asia . | [
"Afghanistan ( ; Ø Ù Ø Ø Ù Ø Ø Ø Ù afÄ Ä nistÄ n ) , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan , is a landlocked and mountainous country in south-central Asia ."
] | [
"Õ Õ 3\\/4 Õ Õ Õ Õ Õ Ö Õ Õ Ö Õ Õ `` Õ Õ Õ Õ Õ Õ Ö Õ `` in Armenian ) , built between 1216 and 1238 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east , Iran in the west , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north , and a narrow piece of land known as the Vakhan , or Wakhan Corridor , connects Afghanistan with China to the northeast . | [
"It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east , Iran in the west , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north , and China in the far northeast ."
] | [
"Armenia is landlocked in the southern Caucasus . Located between the Black and Caspian Seas , the country is bordered on the north and east by Georgia and Azerbaijan , and on the south and west by Iran and Turkey ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The Taliban refused to hand over bin Laden to the United States . | [
"When the Taliban refused to hand over Osama Bin Laden to U.S. authorities and refused to disband Al Qaeda bases in Afghanistan , the U.S. and British air forces began bombing al-Qaeda and Taliban targets inside Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom ."
] | [
"The Indian news agency PTI , however , reported in 2008 that he was based in the United Kingdom after being convicted of blasphemy by the High Court of Sindh . This view is supported by the Indian Express which reported in 2008 that Shahi had fled to the United Kingdom and was presently based there ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In 1872 the Great Eastern Railway opened a new branch to Hackney Downs to serve this branch a new junction was built to the west of Cambridge Heath Road . | [
"In 1872 the Great Eastern Railway opened a new branch to Hackney Downs ; to serve this branch a new junction was built to the west of Cambridge Heath Road ."
] | [
"In 1964 , the Strand Underpass , a road tunnel , was opened to alleviate northbound traffic flow from Waterloo Bridge to Kingsway . The underpass took over a section of the tram tunnel , and rises at its north end through the former location of the Aldwych tramway station ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Transportation:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Transportation:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Clutier is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Clutier is a city in Tama County , Iowa , United States ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
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