query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
When government officials say that cuts to medicaid will cause people to die. Can someone break down how that happens? | [
"When someone does not have health insurance, they stop getting routine check-ups. They also stop seeing a doctor unless they are critically ill. When you don't get check-ups, things like diabetes, cancer go undetected. Early detection for diabetes and most cancers change outcomes significantly. Also, many people h... | [
"Some people think that it won't help people get healthcare. Some people think that it's bad for the government to interfere with the healthcare market, even if doing so will help people get healthcare. Some people have been lied to about what it will do. For example, some people think government officials will mee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If we could drill through the earth...and then jump in it...what would happen? | [
"_URL_0_ This pretty much explains what you're asking."
] | [
"I think it is safe to say no, as there are active volcanos at the bottom of the ocean. If that isn't enough water to cool one down, what is?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does pop-corn pop? | [
"Popcorn is a specific variety of corn - most corn will not pop. What causes it to pop when heated is that there's a drop or two of water inside. It turns into steam and cracks the shell to escape."
] | [
"Follow up question, why do some moles grow hair?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If I have 20 mb/s download speed, why do files generally download at only a fraction of that speed? | [
"Make sure you are not confusing MB/s (MegaBytes per second) with Mb/s (Megabits per second). Most speed tests and Internet Service Providers measure bandwidth in Mb/s (aka \"Mbps\" or \"mbps\"), however some file downloads are measured in MB/s (aka \"MBps\") depending on what software you use. There are 8 Megabits... | [
"I think you are confusing megabytes (MB) and megabits (Mb). Does your ISP offer you 4 MB/s or 4 Mb/s? Megabits are far more commonly used when ISPs tell you your speed. A 4 Mb/s speed is roughly 500 KB/s (kilobytes) per second) so that sounds about right and your Netflix is probably able to utilize near the full c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Whenever I get drunk and I crave human interaction? | [
"Congratulations! You are a friendly drunk. You also likely an affectionate drunk so take care with that. Like others have said, alcohol lowers your inhibitions and generally dissolves whatever filter people have between brain and mouth. Since your other choices are \"Angry/bitter drunk\" and \"Sad/whiny drunk\" yo... | [
"Because it helps to take your mind off of the embarrassing thought. I do that a lot when I'm hung over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Was scurvy actually particular to sailors? It seems like citrus wouldn't have been available to most of the lower classes | [
"Scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C. Vitamin C can be found in peppers, turnip greens, cabbage, broccoli, tomatoes, peas, and other foods. A lot of those would be available to the lower classes at least some of the time."
] | [
"There were. Syphilis is one of the diseases that was taken to Europe from the Americas. But anything at the same level of deadliness as small pox and the like would have killed the crews of the ships over the months crossing the Atlantic and so would not make it to Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about History:"
} |
when one eye gets irritated, why is the body's reaction to blink both eyes instead of winking the irritated one? Is there a reason winking is a manual function? | [
"Without going TOO deep it’s just an innate, automatic, “consensual reflex” to protect your eyes. When one eye blinks the other should too. When someone has an eye injury we usually patch it/cover it to protect it, that way your body’s (other eye’s) automatic response to “flip out” and over-blink to remove the thr... | [
"It depends on what scenario you are talking about. Closing your eyes is primarily A defense mechanism to protect the eye from harm, as your eyes are important for your survival. Think of it like a dog putting its tail between its legs to protect its genitals. Your body automatically protects the important or delic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Internet network speed: What's the difference between "kbps" and "KB/s" transfer rate? | [
"Little b, big B. Big difference. Little b = bit. Big B = byte. 8 bits in a byte. 10370 / 8 = 1296.25"
] | [
"You sure that actually stands for a some sort of split? It commonly refers to download/upload speeds, as in 50 Mb/s down, 50 Mb/s up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
how are movies pirated? | [
"Small midgets with cameras following the movies film crew recording a low resolution version of the movie. Usually dressed as pirates"
] | [
"streaming means you are not participating in redistributing copyrighted material. there is no law against watching streamed movies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can a decrease in the global price per barrel of oil create a negative affect on local, national or global economies? | [
"Plenty of industrialized/first-world nations produce oil, so lowered oil prices means less profits for those industries."
] | [
"It is not likely to end soon, particularly with the recent economic issues China has been having as they would be the most likely replacement due do rate of consumption. It would effect the US economy very little. Oil only accounts for around 4% of the US economy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does basic universal income work? | [
"The basic idea is to give everyone a set income that they would first spend on housing/food/basic amenities, guaranteeing them their livelihood. They would be able to spend their time how they chose without being bogged down with a 40 hr/week job (because most of those jobs will be taken by robots anyways). People... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
When an episode of a series require several flashback scenes e.g. all scenes where people get slapped, do editors go back and scan all the previous episodes or do they keep some list beforehand? | [
"To create a montage of clips where character A gets slapped, an organized editor could reference episode summaries or other tools to quickly locate those scenes. A disorganized editor might rely on memory and miss/forget a few. A truly awful editor might need to re-watch great swaths of the show to find the scenes... | [
"They don't need to be, everything can be put in the right order when it comes down to editing. If you're going to have a scene at the beginning of the movie and at the end in a house, it makes more sense to film them both at the same time so you don't have to haul in all the equipment for filming two times."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Is a fat muffin top at your belly caused because humans wear clothes around their waistline? | [
"Yes, but not by much. Your fat stores are all located in/around your hips/pelvic region, they swell and become distended due to an increase in volume of fat storage. Squeezing into tighter clothing does cause certain shapes (i.e. muffin top) to form, but it has no impact on the overall volume. So if you are carry... | [
"Fat deposits vary from person to person and from source to source. A few of the hormones racing through your body affect the location of fat (cortisol directs it to the abdomen, for example) as well as your sex. (Women tend to have a 'donut' or bigger legs, men tend to have bigger bellies.) I don't know enough on ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can an igloo stay warm without melting? | [
"It does melt a little bit. Heat is trapped on the inside, but on the outside, it is still very cold and kept frozen. All the ice the igloo is made of is in contact with more ice on 4 sides, and 1 side is facing outside in contact with very cold temps and wind. The blocks are also quite thick so the ice is better i... | [
"An insulating material slows down heat transfer. For example, a house should be at room temperature. When it's hot outside, the insulation prevents the heat from leaking in, keeping the house cold. When it's cold outside, the insulation prevents the heat inside the house from leaking out, keeping the house warm."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Textile technology:"
} |
Why do you instinctively gasp when falling? | [
"I was told by a martial artist that it is the same reason they scream when they throw a punch or kick. It tightens up your core and gives you \"extra strength\". Why your body would do this instinctually is, when you hit the ground you are not a flimsy noodle that gets squashed. Not sure how true, just what I was ... | [
"And why do I have the urge to cough when using them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do companies like Facebook and Dropbox get their profit? | [
"Facebook has tons of ads and makes a billion dollars quarterly through advertising and promotion."
] | [
"Users. With user data you can sell it, mine it and target it. This allows you to make money. The more users the more money."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
How is it possible for some childeren at a young age to enter college? | [
"You don't necessarily have to finish all the grades to enter college. You can also take an entrance exam which determines if you have enough background knowledge, and then sometimes exams to skip prerequisites for courses. Lots of kids are accepted to community college before they graduate high school - my son too... | [
"12 years plus kindergarten means most people are around 18 when they graduate and at that age you are legally considered an adult at least in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a speaker work? | [
"Many frequencies all sum to one wave through constructive and destructive interference. Think about the wave in air; the air can only be one pressure at a time, so no matter how complex the sound it results in just one waveform."
] | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do cooling towers for nuclear power plants have to be so tall? | [
"I would like to comment that cooling towers are *not* a feature of Nuclear power plants. Some nuclear plants do not have then, and many non-nuclear plants do have them. [Example.](_URL_2_) You can tell that the image is of a coal plant by the chimneys (tall and thin towers), which imply that there is something bei... | [
"Industrial grade AC. The units are not the same small units that we see at home or office. Such big buildings are chilled by cooling water which is then used to cool air which is circulated inside the building. The heat exchange between the water and the air renders the water very hot, which is then cooled in cool... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
If space telescopes are so powerful that they can see light years away,why can we still not see the surface of closer planets? | [
"My eyes are so powerful that I can see a couple mountains from my office in Lexington Kentucky several miles away. However, I cannot read a sign on a shop window less than a block away. One must keep in mind scale."
] | [
"Because all the ones we know about are really far away and shrouded in tons of gas and dust making them camoflouged. We have xray images of the blackhole at the center of our galaxy, but they are only xrays. You can't really tell too much of what's going on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
When I pour water into a glass of ice, why does the ice make a crackling sound for a few seconds? | [
"Well as you may know, water expands when it freezes. When you pour warmer water (or any other liquid for that matter) it warms the outside of the ice causing a temperature difference between the inside and the outside temperatures. While the outside of the ice is being warmed it contracts while the inside of the i... | [
"It has to do with what's around them while they freeze. Try this experiment. Place two trays next to each other on a shelf. The ice will pop out of both trays just fine. For the next batch place the trays on top of each other. The top tray's ice will come out just fine while the bottom tray's ice will stick and cr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why it is perfectly acceptable to have people wearing only underwear in picture advertisements but we ourselves are not allowed to stroll around in just underwear. | [
"Why do you think we're not allowed? A bathing suit has the same amount of coverage. As long as it is opaque it should be fine, though some cities enact ordinances otherwise. As far as private property, like a mall, they are free to set their own standards. They can kick you out for not wearing shoes even though it... | [
"Where is the percentage of people that don't give a single flying fuck about fashion and just wear clothes so we don't get arrested for indecent exposure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What happens at the back of your throat, right before you cry, that makes it feel all tight & painful? | [
"I am a speech therapist. In learning about the anatomy and physiology of the mouth, throat, and larynx, I learned that when a person experiences emotional upset or shock or some other extreme emotion, the muscles of the larynx are greatly affected by that emotion. That's why you can tell if someone is upset or mad... | [
"It's just your throat closing a bit. When you yawn, all those muscles clamp up, so it's not unusual for your throat to close up a little, sending a little bit of air up your vocal chords and out of your mouth. Thus, the burp sound. Source: This happens to me all the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is human knowledge just a tower of assumptions, each block reliant on another, that would collapse if a fundamental "truth" at the base was proven false? | [
"Sure, if our Axioms (those fundamental truths) were proven false the entire system built on that Axiom would collapse or at least take a heavy hit. Thing is that our axioms are pretty sturdy and are often self-defining. A triangle has angles adding up to 180 degrees. You cannot disprove that because any shape that... | [
"It's a joke. An old woman is convinced that the world sits on the back of a giant turtle. Underneath that turtle is another turtle, and so on. It's turtles all the way down. It supposed to represent someone being presented with a gap in their beliefs and instead of questioning those beliefs, they double-down."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it so hard throwing an object straight upwards when lying down? | [
"When you were a child you took a long time to learn how to throw properly, moving your body in just the right way. Throwing (well) is actually quite a complex action, using lots of muscle groups, and if you try to throw in a particular way without having practiced a lot, for example with your non dominant hand, or... | [
"Imagine you are standing on a skateboard carrying a bowling ball. Now, throw the bowling ball away from you with all your strength. What will happen?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
How do microwaves work? And why is that an empty container next to a container full of food will stay cool and the food gets selectively heated? | [
"Microwaves use radio waves to excite the water molecules inside an item to heat it. Since the empty container has little to no water in it, there's nothing to excite and cause heat"
] | [
"They're bad for you in the same way that sticking your hand in boiling water is bad for you. Microwaves don't have any lasting effects, they just heat things up - there's no residual radiation or anything like that. If you're directly exposed to them, you'd get burned. It's generally a good idea to let things in t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do men feel sick when punched or kicked in the testicles? | [
"A good rule of thumb for questions about why the body works in a particular way is to ask, \"How would this trait benefit our caveman ancestors?\" The ape-man who has 'numb nuts' isn't going to be particularly concerned with protecting them, leading him to whack them as he climbs over a rock, or leave them exposed... | [
"you feel powerful, and theirs no risk of someone punching you in the face."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How are stock prices calculated? | [
"A typical stock's price will change numerous times throughout the day, based on its last known sale price. Stocks are quoted in two different numbers, the \"bid\" (what buyers are willing to pay for it), and the \"ask\" (what owners are willing to sell it for). When a transaction actually occurs, the exchange comp... | [
"You are confusing two completely different things. The NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an electronic stock exchange where stock are purchase and sold. The DOW is the Dow Jones Industrial Average and is a stock market index. It is a price weighed index. This means it ta... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does an image formed by pixels on a screen remain sharp, when light tends to spread out over distance? | [
"The image from the screen *does* become wider as you get away from it, the same way it does from a torch (or, for our American friends, a flashlight - I had a very amusing conversation with an American when I referred to it as a torch and she didn't know what I was talking about!) That's why if you and I sit a few... | [
"If you mean the air above it, temperature changes the angle at which light passes through the air. So a hot surface will transfer heat to the air above it, which will cause light passing through it to take a different angled path. The result is, if you are looking through this air, you see a distortion, as the li... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do certain shots hurt more and for a longer time than others? | [
"The three main routes are intradermal (ID) injection, subcutaneous (SC) injection and intramuscular (IM) injection. Each type targets a different skin layer: Subcutaneous injections are administered in the fat layer, underneath the skin. IM causes painful bruising because the needle is going into your muscle."
] | [
"Depending on the type of surgery, it would definitely hurt a lot more."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Garden centres and pet shops have dirt cheap "bird feed" peanuts. Why can't I eat these instead of regular grocery peanuts? | [
"You can. I grew up in a pet shop family and ate tons of bird seed seeds and even dog treats. I would check the country of origin on the label though, as some countries may use pesticides that you want to avoid."
] | [
"It's not the guacamole, it's the avocado's therein. They only grow in frost-free zones, which limits production. Also, they grow on trees, a costly and risky endeavour for farmers, that take a long time to see a return on. Next time you're at the grocery store, take a look at the cost of avocado's, aside from exot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
As I am falling asleep, why do I see images and hear sounds that are almost like hallucinations, and how do they differ from normal dreaming? | [
"It's called hypnagogia. As you transition from awake to asleep, you pass through a weird bit where it is possible for bits of dream to get mixed in with external sensations, and/or for lingering bits of external sensations to get mixed into your dreams. This experience of dreamstuff while not entirely asleep can m... | [
"Physically your body is paralysed during sleep, probably to protect you from moving during your sleep and injuring yourself. Sometimes when you're in the process or waking up you become alert before your body begins to work, so this results in the feeling of paralysis. However, you're not fully woken up so you're ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Where do our eyes focus when we close them? | [
"The eye focuses on light, and thus when you close your eyes the muscle involved, the cillary muscle, relaxes."
] | [
"Because their eyes are generally pointed away from the screen. They don't necessarily see what's happening on the screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why treads provide better traction than smooth surfaces. | [
"If you are referring to car tires, a bald tire does have more traction but only when dry, street cars need the treads because it isn't going to have the ideal conditions a track car would have."
] | [
"The asphalt of the road is a lot less dense than the concrete of the sidewalk, making it less painful to run on!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come there is so much money in golf? Tiger Woods is arguably the best paid athlete, yet no one I know watches golf, and neither has golf big stadiums like football. | [
"It's about who the audience is. Advertisers and sponsors are OK with decreasing the number of consumers if they can reach a richer audience. Golf is more of a sport for the richer set whereas football is more of a sport for working class people."
] | [
"I overheard a pretty good theory in a bar the other day. This guys answer to his friend was that there are so many more prominent sports for men. That means the best athletes and most money and effort go into things like American Football or basketball etc. while for women, football (soccer) is more of a first cho... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can kid music be so annoying to adults while children love it? | [
"\"kid\" music has the same inherent problem as any other \"kid\" medium. Cartoons, music, books, food; it's all garishly colored, packed with stuff no body needs, and generally marketed to parents who have no clue what kids actually like. Specifically in regards to music, it's very active and high energy, uncompli... | [
"Nature or nurture? It's both. Your environment can definitely play a role! 1. You like what you hear around you. This is how music is passed down in certain cultures. Like how Indian people like Indian music. Or if your mom is a classical pianist and played piano all the time, you probably have a higher chance of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do the veins on my arms become less apparent when it is cold? But more apparent when it is hotter or I am doing physical labor? | [
"This is part of your thermoregulation system. When it's hot, your body pumps more blood to veins near the surface in order to radiate heat from it. Likewise, when it's cold, blood is withdrawn from the surface to keep it warm."
] | [
"Because you weren't moving and gripping things (at least not much) while you were asleep. So your muscles are colder and more stiff because of the lack of movement. However once you do start moving, and your muscles warm up, you'll be able to do things normally. This is the same reason as to why your legs or arms ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health and anatomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and anatomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does "the big red car" sound better than "the red big car" in the English language? | [
"Because adjectives have a specific order in English (and other languages). The order of adjectives in English is > Quantity or number. > Quality or opinion. > Size. > Age. > Shape. > Color. > Proper adjective (often nationality, other place of origin, or material) > Purpose or qualifier. As you can see siz... | [
"English puts the adjective before the noun. Some other languages put the noun before the adjective. So when doing a straight translation, the words for \"big fish\" would translate as fish big because the noun comes first."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Language and Translation:"
} |
Why does it work to close one eye and fully open the other on a bright sunny day, but you must squint if both eyes are opened? | [
"At one point I had an eye infection that made it hurt whenever my pupils dilated or contracted. Even though the infection was only in the left eye, bright light in the right eye would hurt the left eye. The doctor explained that even though light only entered one eye, the pupils do not react completely separately.... | [
"Dilation drops open up your pupils, much like they would naturally do in the dark, to allow more light in. Helps the doctor see better when he's examining your eyes. Going outside while your pupils are dilated hurts because your pupils are already open and they can't retract like they would normally, so the light ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why does tv signal manage to have no buffer when you watch tv, while internet videos buffer a lot ? | [
"Analog radio technologies require no buffer at all. The only radio part of the internet is probably your WiFi - but the rest travels a long distance through several nodes (computer servers / devices) and data packets can get lost, also you may be streaming something that requires a lot of bandwidth and your connec... | [
"you don't stream the entire file at once. Youtube doesn't stream the entire thing to you anymore, just sightly ahead of what you watch. They want to save data too, after all. yes, ads do use data too. they are not magical."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is there no cure for rabies? | [
"rabies has a vaccine called rabies post exposure prophylaxis or RPEP. after being bit, they can give this with antibodies for rabies at the bite site. so you can cure it, it depends on the animal bite scenario if youre given RPEP where your confusion comes into play is youre used to the idea of healthcare being af... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does adhd medicine calm people with adhd down and speed everyone else up? | [
"ADHD medication does \"speed up\" the brains of people with ADHD; what looks like \"calming them down\" is really more like \"speeding up the part of the brain responsible for staying focused.\""
] | [
"This is caused by the increased amount of hormones and adrenaline that are pumped through our body during stressful times. Fun fact: Normal sweat and Stress sweat are produced by different glands, the apocrine glands and the eccrine glands. Im by no means an expert this is just something i had learned in highscho... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Is being disgusted by fat people just social conditioning, or is there more to it? | [
"I doubt you'll find much people that are truly 'disgusted' by fat people. Most people are rather judgmental but not really 'disgusted' by it."
] | [
"the only reason we have shame towards it is because we are told from an early age that this is shameful. That is all there is to it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Do mosquitos know the risk they take when they land on us? | [
"Mosquitoes in all likelihood don't even have a concept of death, so no. Their brains are incredibly simple so they can't even extrapolate that far into the future."
] | [
"The role of mosquitoes is to make more mosquitoes, if you want to call it that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why we chose the word "water" to symbolize water | [
"For that specific word: _URL_0_ Thousands of years ago, people said wódr̥ to refer to the stuff. Then over time, the word passed on to new languages and in English it changed to water."
] | [
"how can people in a very hot climate practice snow sports?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Instead of aiding fleeing refugees, why not make them stay and fix their own governments/countries? | [
"First of all, Canada is only committed to taking 25,000 refugees. That couldn't even take Rogers Arena, let alone a nation. For perspective, Assad has ten times that many political prisoners already, and the US government has released evidence that he tortured to death half that many people since 2011. Syria is an... | [
"Well it is only the rich countries in the Middle East refusing refugees. countries like Lebanon, and Jordan have accepted tons of refugees. It's mostly that the rich people don't want them, you have a nice country million dollar resorts and mansions, do you want to be flooded with poor impoverished Syrians? It's v... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are 4x4 vehicles (Such as the Jeep Wrangler) Limited in speed (80kph as per the owner manual) in 4WD mode, whereas a full time All-Wheel Drive vehicle doesn't have any such limit (within the limits of the engine) | [
"4WD locks the front and rear axles together mechanically. It's either on or off. AWD uses an differential to change how much each axle is used. Sometimes this differential is adjustable by the computer."
] | [
"AWD: All wheels have power, but the amount of power applied to the front and rear tires will vary depending on conditions. Usually the car will have 80/20% or 60/40% split on dry pavement, going to 50/50% when needed 4x4: All four tires have equal power 2WD: Just the two front or two rear tires have power FWD: Jus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't razor/shaving cream companies push for men to shave leg hair? Wouldn't that increase their market and profits? | [
"There is also a risk of a backfire.. If they push it too aggressively, then the brand may be seen as feminine by a large part of the target group. As you might have noticed, portraying a macho image with male-grooming items is seen as important in advertising."
] | [
"People are more likely to buy extra blades for the handle they already have, than buy a new razor altogether. Manufacturers practically want to give away handles because it means you'll likely buy their replacement head, even though they charge more. Quirk of human psychology that manufacturers took advantage of w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do a lot of people(might be subjective) think Keanu Reeves is a bad actor? | [
"His range of acting is said to be really limited, you generally know the general sense of his characters before going to a movie. Personally, I think he is the person for those roles. No one plays his type better than he does. I can't imagine anyone else has Neo, I know other actors would have their own variation,... | [
"He's funny and unique. That's about it, plus he's more of an anti-hero which people typically like (see: also han shooting first)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is the present defined with respect to the space-time continuum? | [
"In relativistic physics, which events are simultaneous depends on the observer looking at the events. So every observer has their own present and if different observers are travelling at high speeds relative to one another they'll disagree about which events are in the past, present and future."
] | [
"The notion of \"where\" has no meaning before the BB, the BB defines the spatial dimensions which represent the idea of \"where\" in the Universe. For that matter the notion of \"before the BB\" also has no meaning as the BB is the starting point for the time dimension of the Universe as well. All four of these sp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
From a CRT: What is an electron gun, and What exactly does it do? | [
"An electron gun is a device that emits a continuous beam of electrons when powered on. In a CRT, electromagnetic coils bend the electron beam back and forth to scan across the screen like printed text, left to right then top to bottom. The beam strikes phosphor strips that coat the inner surface of the screen and ... | [
"This question is like the other question that was asked when LCDs first came out. (Why doesn't my LCD monitor have a Hz rating?) Response Time is a function of the LCD and LED environments. It's job is to estimate how long it takes for a particular section of the monitor to go from (standard is) all white to all ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
how do zero acceleration and zero velocity work? | [
"Yes, acceleration is when there's no change in velocity. Zero velocity is when there's no change in position (or specifically, displacement). But velocity is a bit weird in that's it's kinda arbitrary. It needs to be relative to something. So it's perfectly legitimate to say that you are moving at 0 m/s, or 10000 ... | [
"When you're accelerating at constant rate, yes there's a linear relationship between distance and the square of time... How about a little more context about where you heard this?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that always new studies pop up and show contrasted results opposing to other studies on the same subject? | [
"I think the simple answer is that it's not a headline unless a new study completely overturns decades of research. In reality, the \"honest headline\" should read, \"what we've always known was correct, except in this tiny, almost insignificant case.\" I am a researcher. I've read journal publications. They are no... | [
"There are different focuses in education. Science in the United States is one of the most neglected disciplines in non-scientific fields. Many people therefore trust sources when it comes to science and medicine. Unfortunately, the loudest voices are not necessarily the correct voices. There was a horrible study t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between "Equal" and "Stretch" tuning for pianos | [
"In general it has to do with how far apart an ocative truly is.......central A oscillates at 440 oscillations per second. One ocative in equal tuning would be doubled or halved that so the A above is at 220 oscillations and the one below is at 880 oscillations. In stretched tunings that is changed or \"stretched\"... | [
"Can you be more specific as to what you mean by \"effective\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do people have the notion that age correlates to ability? | [
"Because in the vast majority of roles/positions/jobs etc. age is a big indicator of experience. You can't get really good at something without putting a lot of hours into it. When you are 13 you simply don't have enough hours alive to convince someone that you are an expert in any field. Programming is one of the ... | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does a processor, for computers, get so hot? How doesn't it just melt? How does a fan and a heatsink work so well? | [
"There's an enormous amount of work happening in a tiny amount of space. Under load, CPUs use (relatively) huge amounts of electricity, which generates heat. The heat in the CPU can be controlled with a fan because, while it's very hot, it's also a very tiny area. So the total amount of heat-energy that needs to be... | [
"Phones lack a cooling system because there's no room for that. It takes up way too much space for a pocket-size device. If that wasn't an issue, phones would've had vents. Besides, phones don't work as hard as other computers do. They are weaker, so they produce less heat. Still, they can get hot sometimes, especi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If the vast majority of video cameras and websites support HD video nowadays, why is the porn industry still flooded with low definition videos? | [
"My best guess would be that they want you to subscribe for the higher quality/full length content. Why give away your best product for free right?"
] | [
"I think you're a tad confused. Eons ago (2007ish) not many people had cameras that could make high definition video, or internet that could upload high definition video in a convenient amount of time. The quality doesn't deteriorate at all, it was just poor to begin with because of the nature of video sharing way ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Knights and knaves logic puzzles | [
"Lots start by seeing if person 1 is a knight? He said that both people are knights. If that was true, person 2, being a knight (which he'd have to be, since person 1 said he is, and he couldn't lie), would have to tell the truth. But he said that person 1 is a knave. There is no possible way for person 1 to be tel... | [
"trigonometry. measuring angles time, stars and shadows on midday. Measuring time accurately on a ship was the tricky part."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do rush hour traffic jams form? | [
"Traffic is like pouring milk through a funnel. If you pour more into the top than can escape through the bottom, the milk fills up the funnel and overflows. Only so much milk can move through the bottom of the funnel, and pouring more into the top doesn't make it move through any faster. But, a road is like a sup... | [
"Follow up question, why do some moles grow hair?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is the 1/4 mile stretch and 0 to 60 the benchmark cars are rated for? | [
"The European standard for measuring acceleration is the time for 0-100 *kilometers* per hour. This is converts to about 0-62mph which was then rounded down, so both numbers are very similar and can be easily compared. The quarter mile seems to come from quarter horse racing ([source](_URL_0_)), but I figure that t... | [
"How long do you want to take to accelerate? Merging onto the highway in a reasonable time takes far more power than maintaining a constant speed. There are plenty of 1.0 l cars for sale in Europe. They take about 17 +/- seconds to reach 100 kph, but they are very fuel efficient. No one would buy them here in the U... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why/ How are celebrities insuring their body parts!? And what does said insurance actually cover! | [
"Celebrities do it because there are certain parts of their body or features that are important to the line of work they do or get people interested. For example, pornstar Kieran Lee insures his member for $1 million as his member is the only way he can earn an income thus if anything happens to it, the insurance c... | [
"That's exactly how car insurance works. Can you clarify your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do flightless birds still have hollow bones? | [
"Some flightless birds do not have hollow bones, but it isn't likely their loss of flight and change in bone structure came about in sequence. Rather they probably gradually transitioned over a similar time period."
] | [
"Having working wings takes energy spent while growing. If flight has no advantages then it is more advantageous to grow more quickly. So genes which stopped wing development were advantageous to the organism. Some barnyard chickens can fly a hundred yards. They can easily evade four legged predators that way. They... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why drinking alcohol would/wouldn't help with food poisoning or other type of infection in the GI tract. | [
"If you were drinking enough alcohol to sterilize your GI tract you'd probably have other problems more serious than gastroenteritis or whatever you had."
] | [
"The pills cause stomach irritation, and in some cases, has the ability to burn a hole in your stomach. Having food in your system slows down that process and eases the digestion and absorption. Similar to drinking alcohol on an empty stomach as oppose to one with food. *hope that helps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we close our eyes when we are afraid that something my hit/harm us? | [
"> I understand that eyelids can protect your eyes from dust/dirt, but if something big and sharp hits your eye then your eyelids aren't really going to help Isn't it? Think back to our ancestors. If you're walking through a forest and out of the corner of your eye you see a tree branch falling, a sharp edge of a s... | [
"Because it could startle them and they might attack you. It is a myth that it will give them a heart attack or put them into a coma. \"They\" say the best thing you can do is gently lead them back to bed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does it look like big (really big) things fall slower than smaller things? | [
"They appear to move slower relative to themselves. Consider a ball 1 cm across, and one 10 meters across. In the first second of falling, each will fall the same distance; about 5 meters. But the first ball will have gone 500 times it's diameter, while the second will have traversed barely one of it's radii, appea... | [
"Because they hit the ground with significantly less force because they weigh less (and also because they probably have a very slow terminal velocity). If the ground were to hit the bug with the same force that it hits you, the bug would die. If you were to drop just chuck one of your legs off the roof, it also mig... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If all polar caps melted, would we be able to consume seawater due to the reduced salinity? | [
"nope, because even a few meters increase in Sea level is far less than a 1% increase in total ocean volume. The ocean is really really big. So we would still be fucked without the added benefit of extra drinking water. If anything it might reach some near coast lakes and ruin those."
] | [
"It does. A little bit. Temporarily. Remember that when you consume water, it's not gone forever. The molecules don't disappear. You lose water through natural processes of urination, sweat, breathing, etc. All of that water is eventually returned to the ocean through various forms of reclamation. It's also importa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Some people tell me I'm legally required to pay income taxes, and some tell me it's unconstitutional. Which person is correct and why? | [
"It is constitutional until the courts rule it unconstitutional. Currently it is firmly on the side of \"legally required\"."
] | [
"It is illegal to evade taxes, but it is legal to avoid them. If a law says you can do X and you do it and that results in you paying less tax, that is avoiding taxation. If it says X and you don't do that, that's evading."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How are syringe needles made? | [
"Take a tube and yank on it. It stretches out to be very thin but the hole in the center doesn't collapse! Do this carefully a bunch of times and you can end up with good thin needles."
] | [
"Step 1: Contractor comes and collects them. Step 2: Material is either autoclaved and incinerated or simply incinerated. Step 3: Resulting material is formed into hot dog shapes and sold to tourists on 5th Ave."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do hedge fund managers become so wealthy? | [
"Because they get paid based on the income from the funds they invest. Hedge funds earn a small management fee and a large performance incentive (the stereotypical fee structure is 2% of funds under management and **20%** of the fund income). Most fund managers earn 2-3% of funds under management but do not get a s... | [
"To hedge your finances means to invest in such a way that even if one investment fails, your overall finances will still make money. Hedge fund managers get a percentage of the amount of money they return for their investors, so the more money you manage the more money you can make. The largest hedge funds are so ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why cant we just stop media outlets from covering terrorism? Wouldn't that effectively make it pointless? | [
"Freedom of the press. If you prevent the media from reporting something, that opens room for abuse. Police beating that man to death? Fits most definitions of terrorism. That government crackdown on dissidents? Terrorism. Invading another country? Terrorism."
] | [
"What law are they breaking? It's freedom of expression to upload videos, no matter how graphic. Censoring them isn't going to keep people from dying."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do languages develop words with double meanings? (Like "right" in English) | [
"Possibly because the 'same' word came from two different places. More often, though, it's just a branching out from the original meaning. The word 'right' is a good example given how many things it can mean, but really, in a certain sense, it means the same thing. [Check this out.](_URL_0_) 'Right' came from the ... | [
"First comes from Old English. Second comes from Latin through Old French. One and two come from Old English too. But these numbers sound pretty similar even in other indoeuropean languages, the common roots show. Note that the word \"prime\" can be used in a similar way as first, e.g. \"my prime concern is xyz\"... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Language and Translation:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Language and Translation:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do countries exist? | [
"They evolved, as powerful people (and groups) organized armies to take control of areas of land. You could only control an area where you could send warriors to enforce your will, so each leader had a finite geographic area -- his (or her) country. In many cases these were quite small -- areas only a few km across... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
the second half of TLS/SSL | [
"The public key isn't used to encrypt the data, it's only used for key exchange - the client uses this key to encrypt and send information that will be used by both parties to generate a shared key, just for this session. This key is then used for a symmetrical encryption such as AES."
] | [
"_URL_0_ Top 3 comments cover into this, in short it's way beyond that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about astronomy:"
} |
How do physiologists differentiate between mental disorders and personality? | [
"Psychiatrist and/or psychologist? There is a [manual](_URL_0_) for it with the various criteria. One of the general criteria for personality disorders would be that it \"lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning,\" which is really the main difference between an odd per... | [
"Nothing. These aren't considered technical terms in psychology. Both would be considered to be suffering from antisocial personality disorder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Assuming humans are still alive at the time, how close will andromeda have to be to the Milky Way before we notice changes such as gravity, weather, and other stuff. | [
"Based on current calculations astrophysicists predict a 50% chance that in a merged galaxy, the Solar System will be swept out three times farther from the galactic core than its current distance. They also predict a 12% chance that the Solar System will be ejected from the new galaxy sometime during the collision... | [
"> Would we feel the heat of this explosion? No. > How bright would it be compared to our sun? Insignificant. It would, however, be comparable to the full moon. > For how long potentially... A few months, although the first week or so would be the brightest. > Could we have a second sun in the sky? No. Or yes, d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Science:"
} |
How is it possible to self-plagiarize yourself? | [
"The concept is poorly named by people with a limited vocabulary. Your instinct that the sin of plagiarism lies primarily in taking other people's work is right--that is the origin of the term. (From the Latin word for \"kidnapping,\" by analogy.) However, particularly in academia, reusing your previous work witho... | [
"How do you know that you don't sneeze in your sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can the Sun's gravitational pull be strong enough to keep Pluto in orbit but not just pull Mercury into it? | [
"The Sun's gravity is pulling Mercury, but the planet is traveling so fast that it can't fall fast enough to ever hit the Sun. Mercury's orbit is elliptical though, so it does vary in distance from the Sun. As it gets closer to the Sun the pull from the Sun's gravity does increase, but so does the orbital velocity ... | [
"We are in a constant falling motion, yes. But we are also in a constant sideways motion as well. Both of these affect each other such that instead of falling *toward* the sun, we fall *around* it. If our sideways motion were to slow down, we'd fall in. If our sideways motion were to speed up, we'd spiral away. As ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:"
} |
How can or why would someone consider themselves being transgender without being pre-op or post-op? | [
"I'm no expert - but surely it's possible for someone who was born a man to feel like a woman, to chose to live her life as a woman, dress like a woman, and identify as a woman, but not want to undergo major surgery? And vice versa. All surgery is risky. I would imagine (but maybe I'm wrong - everyone is different)... | [
"It's when a person has a mismatch between the gender of their personality (the gender that they identify themselves with) and their physical gender. It is not defined by their gender role (ie, a stay-at-home dad is not a transgender just by virtue of his daily activities), but by their emotional identity. I'd be i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The difference between an enoteca, trattoria, etc. in Italian dining | [
"An enoteca, in the original Italian sense is just a wine shop. It is usually a shop dedicated to regional wines. Now, of course, in most enoteche (plural form of enoteca) you can also eat. A trattoria is much like a restaurant, but is less formal: usually there isn't a real (printed) menu, and the available dishes... | [
"Italian food is varied depending on what region you're talking about. Tomatoes are very important in many regions in Italy and the cuisine in those regions feature tomatoes in a central role, and pasta with tomato based sauces are featured throughout Italy. Many American-Italian dishes are based on Neapolitan dish... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do parts of your body involuntarily twitch/flutter repeatedly for short to medium periods of time? | [
"As unsatisfying as this answer is, most of the time no one has any idea why it happens. There's usually no obvious physical cause, no diseases, and no tests to show that anything is wrong. And then just as randomly stops as if it'd never been there. And that's pretty much it. Sometimes such symptoms can be caused ... | [
"It's due to the tensing and contracting of muscles during the build-up and muscles are immediately relaxed upon release. With the body's muscles going from contracted to relaxed immediately in a matter of milliseconds, involuntary spasms and convulsions may be experienced."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What happens to an embassy when the country it represents gets declared war on | [
"International law would dictate they are given safe passage back to their home countries, but in practical terms, whatever the country they are in wants. It is not unheard of for diplomats to be made captive. Also, they would not be POWs, that is a status for soldiers. Another thing to consider is their relationsh... | [
"Stateless people are refugees. If the country is genociding your people and you flee, the government has on some level revoked your citizenship and you are now stateless. Some other country could grant you citizenship or you could be stateless (unclaimed and unprotected by any state) for the rest of your life. Edi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the purpose of adding -eth to the ending of some verbs in older writings? | [
"In Middle English, you'd conjugate the verb \"to think\" like so: Singular | Plural ---------|---------- (I) think | (we) think (thou) thinkest | (you) think (he) thinketh | (they) think People just started using 'thinks' instead of 'thinketh' and dropped the 'thinkest' altogether."
] | [
"Correct me if I'm wrong, but when a word is taken directly from English (ie new technologies), it's generally always masculine. Having a hard time thinking of examples."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The Mandelbrot Set or any other fractal | [
"[This has been posted to reddit a couple of times](_URL_0_). It's a beautiful semi-interactive discovery of the Julia and Mandlebrot sets. Requires a real browser, such as a very recent chrome or firefox. I haven't tested it on IE. *I know it's customary to explain in-band, but I believe this is an exceptional des... | [
"Yes. That really depends on how you define dimension. Most fractal are non-integer dimension _URL_1_ Even with this new dimension. Normal things still have normal dimension, so it is a clean extension from our normal undersatnding of dimension"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do standard BIC Lighters work? They appear to be a liquid, but are released as a gas. | [
"Butane gas is contained within the body under pressure. This pressure condenses it into a liquid, dramatically increasing the quantity of fuel that can be stored in a given volume (if the butane were stored as gas, the lighter would be several dozen, if not hundred, times larger). When you push the activation nub ... | [
"Wax vapor is the flammable part. You have to vaporize the wax, with something like a wick, to get it to burn."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Is it *actually* possible to change the size of your penis? | [
"No it's a scam. From previous thread - What they don't tell you, is that with the pills you get also a pump. Which brings blood to your penis, and the pill being a chemical that temporary helps that process. So it is technically a penis enlargement pill, the same ways as Viagra is."
] | [
"Because large hit targets are much more pleasant to use on a mobile device than zooming in and panning to find the right button. What do you think is not intuitive about the mobile site?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does digestion work in zero gravity? | [
"digestion still takes place even when you are upside down because our digestive system has many muscles that force things to the end."
] | [
"Truthfully, we don't really know, that is part of the mission of the International Space Station. To monitor the effects long periods of weightlessness have on the human body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is having money in tax havens like Swiss Bank accounts considered bad if it is not actually illegal? If it is illegal why is there a Swiss Bank? | [
"Depositing income into Swiss Bank accounts for the purpose of avoiding taxes is illegal, but there may be other reasons for wanting to keep money overseas and secret/secure. Also, Swiss banks are governed by laws of Switzerland, so U.S. laws have no bearing on whether and why they exist... their laws could be comp... | [
"This is what happens when you read a headline and not the article (unless you are talking in a hypothetical, but I am going to assume you are referring to the HSBC leak from earlier this month). HSBC did not steal anything. There were $100 billion worth of assents found in Swiss back accounts that were unreported ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What's the difference between a 10Mb/s connection and a 100Mb/s one when the "bits" travel at the speed of electricity in both cases? | [
"Nobody is really giving a good answer. The difference is this: at 100 Mb, the bits are packed tighter together. So suppose you have a piece of wire such that it takes a [nanosecond](_URL_0_) for the signal to travel from one end to the other. This is the same regardless of how fast you're sending data. What change... | [
"Your transfer speed can never be greater than the slowest part of the connection. If your computer has a 1Gb/s connection to your router, and your router has a 100Mb/s connection to your modem, and your modem has a 50 Mb/s connection to your ISP, then the fastest connection you will get is 50 megabits per second. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How was the very first language created? | [
"By language I am assuming you are NOT talking about written language, but noises and sounds that represent actions or items The earliest of early, Homosapiens always travelled in tribes. They developed concepts, similar to today, and passed them down from generation to generation (ie: Hunting would consist of exha... | [
"What do you mean by downfall? This is still a dominant part of current culture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do movies look smooth at 24 fps but video games look choppy under 60 fps? | [
"A computer frame is a rendering of an exact point in time. A camera frame is a capture of everything over a short period of time (e.g. 1/24th of a second). Lets say a baseball pitcher throws a ball to a catcher. A computer will render the ball as it leaves the pitchers hand, every new frame the ball will appear to... | [
"Many were filmed at a lower frame rame such as 16 frames per second. When played on modern projectors or when converted to digital media, they were played back at 24 frames per second which is the general standard nowadays. This makes the movies look around 50% faster than they do if played at their original frame... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why has my health insurance premium doubled in the last year while my plan has remained the same? | [
"There are two factors, neither of which are about you or you have any control over. 1) Employer contribution. If this has gone down or has remained capped at previous years levels, the percentage of the premium cost you pay goes up. 2) Insurer Confidence This year insurance companies are very uncertain about what ... | [
"Pregnant women qualify for Medicaid, which is paid for by the government, if they do not have insurance. The Medicaid cuts off for the woman after the child is born, but will continue to cover the child until it's 18 years old if the mother cannot get health insurance for the family from a private insurance compan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the primary arguments *against* the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)? | [
"The primary issue that people seem to have is that it has an *affirmative* requirement: you must go out and purchase insurance. Most other laws are \"negative\" obligations: you may not do X. Those are much easier because, if you weren't going to do X in the first place, then you have no problem. Being forced to b... | [
"Just a couple of examples over the past couple of years: In the early 1990's, President Clinton wanted to reform the health care system into a single-payer system. The Republicans proposed an individual mandate to require people to buy health insurance as an alternative. The individual mandate is one of the key fe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does the USA government allow cable companies to have monopolies over a area? | [
"Natural monopolies are not illegal. A monopoly is only illegal if you actively take actions to prevent or eliminate competition. One such action is buying out the competition, but competition choosing to not invest in the region you choose to invest is not illegal."
] | [
"Comcast specifically? It doesn't. Comcast has a monopoly in a lot of areas, they have no reason to improve."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
My Windows 95 computer from '96 can run Doom and stream music in the background, but my Windows 10 2016 Xbox can't. Why? | [
"It can, technically speaking hardware wise. The thing is that its Operating System is not coded/configured to do it, as a choice from the developers. They probably want you to listen to the game music/sounds alone instead of listening to your music. Now, the reason why they would want that beats me."
] | [
"I don't get why people say 8 is crap. Is it because of the Metro interface? It takes less than 1 min to get old start menu back. When people say \"but you shouldn't have to install something to make it like that!. They then state they use Chrome or Firefox.... Windows 8 is a great OS. I used to have to reboot my W... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I have a portable air conditioner. Is it more effective to direct the vents towards the floor or ceiling to cool a room? | [
"Since cooler air sinks, aiming the vents up will result in more even cooling. If you're sitting on the floor, aiming the vents horizontal or down may be more comfortable."
] | [
"Well, I suppose blowing directly on you? However, I have some other thoughts on this and you can't stop me from writing them here. To cool a house with a fan, open one window at one end of the house, and the doors of course, and then put a fan blowing out in a window at the other end of the house. As the warm air ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does every shower, no matter how hot I have it set for, always have that initial burst of ICE COLD WATER? | [
"I'm about to change your life. Turn the shower on and let it heat up before actually getting into it."
] | [
"Mint contains menthol. This activates nerves in your mouth that yell \"COLD COLD COLD\" at your brain. Then, when you drink something colder than your mouth, this also activates the cold receptors, so now you have a double chorus of \"COLD COLD COLD\" and your brain goes \"oh *geez* that's cold.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do clouds float if they are so heavy? | [
"There are 2 aspects that allow clouds to stay up. 1) they're incredibly sparse: entire clouds are heavy but each drop is small, very small, about one micron, or one-hundred-thousandth of an inch across. Each individual particle is so small that... 2) warm air currents keep clouds afloat: warm air rising from the ... | [
"Eli5: yes. Gravity has a hold in everything as long as it has mass. Anything with weight is affected by gravity, because weight is a measurement of the gravity needed to hold the object where it is When you see smoke rising, the smoke is less DENSE than air, it rises for the same reasons Ice floats on top of water... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Looking into a mirror, and/or looking at photographs of ourselves does not give an accurate view of how others perceive us physically. Does looking into a 360 degree mirror/those 3-panel angled mirrors in dressing rooms, give a more accurate representation? | [
"I'm not sure I agree with your premise, other than as has been mentioned the subjective aspect of perception which is going to vary for everyone. But aside from that, why do you think a mirror and/or photographs aren't \"accurate\" representations?"
] | [
"If I had to guess I would say it is similar to why people can look thinner in B & W and/or dim lighting. Basically it obscures things that would otherwise change an assessment of attractiveness."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it that maps are all oriented with North at the top? | [
"Polaris! While medieval maps were oriented toward Jerusalem (hence our word \"orient\" means both find our bearings and the east), renaissance cartographers rediscovered Greek/Roman maps and liked their use of Polaris, the north star. Explorers used stars to navigate to the new world. So as they added to the maps... | [
"World map drawing started in Europe. So Europe was the center. Asia is in the east, the Americas are in the west, so I guess you get the picture. There are other layouts - Japan and China for example have themselves in the center, making Europe the west and America the east. Usually the one who draws the map wants... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't hockey teams use extremely large men as goalies? | [
"The rules limit how big a goalie's pads can be, so they don't show up with giant pads that block the goal. So a fat guy might take up a lot of space, but much of his body will be unprotected from 150+ km/h slap shots. He might block the first few, but he'll be leaving the ice on a stretcher before the game is over... | [
"The short answer: Hockey's approach to fighting is to let the combatants unload all of their aggression on each other at once - as opposed to having it draw out for entire game in potentially more dangerous forms such as: head shots, boarding, spearing, clipping, etc.. I won't provide the long answer but it has ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
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