query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How do international credit ratings work? Italy has never defaulted on its sovereign debt, Germany has defaulted over 5 times. Why does Germany have a better rating than Italy? | [
"well, they are issued by companies that all have their own unique blend of reasons to issue them. but considering at least 4 of those 5 times \"Germany\" defaulted it was a different country, it is pretty obvious they will pay more attention to the current economic situation than how the country (or whatever count... | [
"Their GDP dropped to the point that investors did not believe the government would be able to pay its debts on time. Thus the rating on their government bonds plummetted. To prevent a government default, they received bailout money from other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can we go relatively faster than the speed of light? | [
"No. ALL velocities are relative, so the prohibitions of relativity apply to any inertial reference frame. In this case, they would observe the other ship to be going very quickly, but still sub-light speed: at very high velocities, you can't simply add one ship's velocity to the other; there's a more complex formu... | [
"Galaxies are not travelling faster than the speed of light. This is because nothing can move through space faster than light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why do we swallow spit more often when we have a sore throat? | [
"It probably just seems that you swallow more when you have a sore throat because it is painful. When you're feeling fine, you swallow without even thinking about it."
] | [
"Generally because you are sleeping with your mouth open which dries out the mucous membrane. If you don't believe me, try keeping your mouth wide open and breath in and out for an hour and tell me how your throat feels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my internet go so much faster when downloading from Steam or a torrent? | [
"Your download speeds depend both on your connection to the server and the server's capacity. If you're connecting to a server on the other side of the world, you'll probably get a crappy download speed, even if both you and the server have a super fast connection to your ISP. Because of this, large networks like S... | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did we find the equator and how do we know we actually pinpointed it exactly? | [
"By measuring the height of the sun at noon during the summer solstice. At that time the sun is directly 90 degrees above you only if you are on the equator. Edit: equinoxes not solstice"
] | [
"The earth is not a sphere. It is a shape called an oblate spheroid - it is wider at the equator. That means that sea level at the equator is further from the centre of the earth than sea level at other points on the planet. The point farthest from the centre of the earth is Chimborazo, a volcano in the Andes in Ec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
When I put my hand/face out of the window of a car, why does the air come in quick gusts not a steadier flow? | [
"The air around your car is a turbulent flow. This is the opposite of a steady (laminar) flow. Fluids (such as water and air) experience turbulent flow when flowing around an obstacle (such as your car or hand) due to drag the obstacle exerts on the fluid."
] | [
"Blowing with pursed lips shoots out air very quickly and in a narrow stream. It ends up dragging ambient air (usually cooler) into the stream. Exhaling in the \"haah\" fashion with an open mouth shoots out air much slower and in a wide \"stream\". It drags a proportionally smaller amount of cool ambient air with ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
How come sometimes a commercial will come on TV for like 5 seconds, then immediately cut to a different one? | [
"Most of the time, it's because you're watching a national feed, and the local stations have a right to broadcast local commercials at that time. The local station's master control doesn't switch over to playing its local commercial in time, so you get a bit of the national feed still spilling over."
] | [
"It's not about the viewers immediately Googling the name. It's about getting viewers subliminally exposed to the name over and over. It's the same reason they play the same commercial sometimes multiple times an hour, so the first thing you think about when you want oil is \"Valvoline\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Formula 1:"
} |
Why cant we add smells to carbon monoxide like we do to other gases? | [
"We certainly could. But the dangerous sources of carbon monoxide aren't pre-bottled, where someone could add an odor. Instead they are the product of combustion. So there is no opportunity to add anything."
] | [
"Just because it is colour less and can't be seen doesn't mean t can't be detected. The same thing could be said for air, or helium, or any number of gases. As it was said, there are ways to detect it chemically."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Before refrigerators, how did people keep cold stuff cold? | [
"They used to collect ice in the winter and warehouse it. Then they would sell people blocks of ice that they would put in their \"ice boxes\" which were like our refrigerators exept without the self-cooling. [Ice Trade](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Preparation. Before Refrigeration, meats had to be prepared and cooked well before eating, while eggs and oats were easily available to eat for breakfast."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
ELIV: Can someone please explain to me why BitTorrent isn't illegal? | [
"BitTorrent is not used ONLY for illegal downloading. That's like banning hammers because they can be used to break into homes."
] | [
"Nice try Bing, but Reddit won't help you either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
It seems like every major news website, or newspaper find its sources from Reuters, then why don't people go read news from _URL_0_ directly ? | [
"Reuters is a 'wire service' also called a 'news agency', their main role is to provide bare-bones news to other news outlets. However, they don't do much of the wider context stuff such as explanations, analysis and commentary, most people prefer to read their news from sources which are written to their demograph... | [
"Country specific ones follow the laws of that country. You can search for Tibet freedom on _URL_0_. but not _URL_1_ or Google.can Google was given a choice by Chinese gov. Either you make the search engine follow our rules, or you don't do business in China at all and China blocks _URL_2_ entirely"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do alot of people hate The Conservative Party of Canada? | [
"-he has neglected to attend several environmental conferences -he is pushing against the gun registry -he is cutting funding for various art and culture programs -he has royalist tendancies Etc. Basically, he's a conservative. The internet seems mostly to be populated by liberals. Thus, the canadian internet popul... | [
"It's not our job to police the world, thats why the world hates us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does an imaginary number become an ordered pair? | [
"First, your prof misspoke a little...he should have said *complex* numbers can be used as ordered pair. All complex numbers are in the form *a + bi*, and it is sometimes useful to treat them as the ordered pair (*a*, *b*). When *a* = 0, you have an imaginary number in the form (0, *b*), and when *b* = 0, you have ... | [
"There is no real number that would represent an even root of a negative number because any even power of a real (possitive or negative) number will necessarily generate a positve result. Therefore, we created the concept of the imaginary number *i* which is equal to the square root of -1. Therefore, any even root ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are students considered more liberal than their contemporaries (both in modern and historical times)? | [
"The young, which students tend to be, do not have as much invested with the current culture or status quo. They often do not yet have jobs or have only entry level/base level jobs, do not tend to own property, do not tend to have much savings or investments, do not have families that they have to care for, etc. Th... | [
"Complicated question but the short answer is that US conservatives are far more conservative than their counterparts in the U.K."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does the weather forecast indicate 100% humidity while we clearly aren't breathing in water? | [
"100% is the *relative* humidity. So, the air contains as much humidity as it is possible for air to contain. At 50% relative humidity, the air contains half as much water as it is capable of containing."
] | [
"In the air. The air is full of water vapour. Water vapour is transparent to the human eye, so we can't see it. And no, the steam from the kettle is not vapour, it's tiny droplets of liquid water, that's why you see it. Same happens with the clouds, btw. So, the vapour is in the air. If you didn't have a dehumidifi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do mirrors work for multiple users? | [
"Imagine the mirror is a smooth floor and visible light is a bouncy ball, mirrors reflect light the same way a ball would bounce off a smooth floor. Meaning the angle the ball hits the ground is equal to the angle it bounces off. You throw the ball from different angles, it bounces off in different directions."
] | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about finance:"
} |
Why is it that 60° in air feels fine but when you get in a 60° swimming pool it feels cold and comfortable? | [
"The reason why 60 degree air is so much more comfortable than 60 degree water is that water is about 25 times as thermally conductive as air is. This means that water at any temperature transmits its heat (or absorbs yours) 25 times more quickly than air of the same temperature. It is this reason why it is possibl... | [
"It is. Freezing cold water is like 60 degrees or so. You can walk around in that with no diffculty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the technology at work in the Power Balance Performance bracelets? | [
"Nothing. It's a complete lie. There have been no peer reviewed and accepted scientific studies that have found Benefits from such products. magnets, rocks, crystals, etc do not affect your body in any way."
] | [
"Are all of your electronic made by Apple?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does every router I have ever owned need to be restarted so often? | [
"Dont buy a cheap router. Buy a nice $70-120 router and youll be much happier."
] | [
"I guess for your battery is not that bad. Devices are made to run all the time. What can happen is that your software gets buggy. Normally if you have a software problem, you can shut the phone down and restart it and your problem is solved. But it isn't a problem for the hardware if you never shut your phone down... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do our teeth need constant maintenance during our lives but are preserved for decades after death with no maintenance? | [
"Pretty much because we don't eat or drink when we're dead. It's the acids in food and drink that do the most damage to teeth, also the mechanical grinding when we chew. After death, none of this happens anymore, so the teeth aren't subject to the same stresses."
] | [
"Mouths are not getting smaller. Dental hygiene is getting better. Previously, it was common to have lost at least a few of your teeth by adulthood, so the wisdom teeth would replace them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Was President Bill Clinton completely impeached, and if so who took over control of the White House? | [
"In order for the President to be removed through impeachment: 1. The House votes to impeach the President. Then, 2. The Senate has a trial and votes on whether to find the President guilty or not Clinton was impeached. That is, the first part happened: the House voted to impeach him. However he was acquitted by t... | [
"Trump cannot currently be tried in a normal court. He must be impeached by the House of Representatives, removed from office via conviction in the Senate which would make him a private citizen again, and then a grand jury could be convened to decide whether or not there is enough evidence to prosecute him for viol... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are we able to physically feel pain or other sensations when dreaming? | [
"Is this a common thing? I don't think I've ever felt pain in a dream."
] | [
"Not to sound to much like Morpheus, but taste, touch, hearing and vision are electrical impulses interpreted by your brain. The brain can emulate the signals itself enabling you to perceive sensory information without an actual external stimulation. Examples of this would be when you think you've heard something b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Science:"
} |
Why are progress bars when installing or downloading software so wildly inaccurate? Why is it difficult to estimate this? | [
"Imagine driving a long distance on the road. Your destination is 160 miles away, so you drive along the highway at about 80mph and figure that you need about 2hours total. Then, in the middle of that 160mi, the road gets very bad (you had no chance of knowing that) so you can drive only 50mph. You don't know if th... | [
"Because loading bars don't actually tell you anything. It's very hard (from a programmer perspective) to estimate how long loading will take, so most loading bars just display a guess. That's why they often progress irregularly or get stuck at a given percentage. Most users like the loading bar because it tells t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What happens to a roach when you spray Raid on it? | [
"It's basically the equivalent of nerve gas on a human or other mammal. The reason it doesn't hurt us like that is because we are physiologically different enough that it doesn't react the same way (although note they can be much more toxic to cats) It basically keeps their nerves from being able to fire (which is ... | [
"Burn a candle all day in your house, the smell isn't as strong because you become used to it. Walk into a house with a candle burning and you smell it right away. Works the same with body odor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is everything so cheap in USA compared to Scandinavia? | [
"Costs of imports including both transportation costs, duties and the like, sales tax, higher wages for workers, more stringent laws about what can or can't be in food/products, etc."
] | [
"North Korea is on a whole 'nother level compared to Saudi Arabia and Qatar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do some posts get thousands of points in Karma before being removed for rule violation? | [
"This probably happens because the mods of default subs cannot possibly keep up with the amount of new posts that are constantly being added. Look at the number of subscribers and compare it to the number of mods for that sub for a visual."
] | [
"A self post is what you just did, a text based post with no image or link. You accumulate 2 kinds of karma on Reddit, Link karma and comment karma. A self post does not have a link and it is not a comment, so no karma for it. This can allow things like moderator posts or other important messages to be upvoted heav... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Cosmos Question: Why are all the particles that make up the rings of Saturn moving in the same direction on the same plane? | [
"There's actually another thread on almost this exact topic going on in ELI5 right now. [Check it out](_URL_0_), the answers are the same. The short answer is that the planet's spin drags particles it captures around in the same direction, just like a piece of dirt caught in the whirlpool of a drain. Some are from ... | [
"We believe it had suffered a massive impact with a Mars sized object which was so devastating, at the right angle, and with enough energy, that it reversed it's rotation. During the formation of the solar system, we were a cloud of dust and gas. Over time, gravity caused that dust to clump together. This doesn't h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does someone go about changing their identities and their families, as shown in Breaking Bad and Goodfellas? | [
"You'd probably be hugely fascinated by this case of a Texas woman who changed her identity...no one investigating the case has been able to figure out who she used to be. [This article](_URL_0_) has a simple explanation of exactly how she changed her identity."
] | [
"The Arts are making things, like the someone drawing & writing GoodNight Moon. Humanities are studying the things that other people make, like when we read Goodnight Moon together and talk about what we like about the story & the pictures. Social Sciences are trying to figure out what made Margaret Wise Brown writ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it so hard for large amounts of Tylenol to pass through the liver? | [
"Tylenol is paracetamol/acetaminophen. Medications within the body are broken down and produce metabolites. In the case of Paracetamol (acetaminophen) it is metabolised within the liver (via 3 pathways - the 3rd pathway produces the problem metabolite). Specifically, NAPQI is the metabolite responsible for the live... | [
"You can't get a straight answer because it is hogwash. They are removing nothing from the body that isn't normally getting removed by the liver and other parts of the digestive system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is a video taken from my phone camera a couple GB but a movie which is much longer is about the same size? | [
"It is possible to significantly compress video, but it takes a lot of computing power, too much for your phone to do it on the fly. You could take your video, run it through a conversion and compression process for an hour or so, and wind up with something much smaller that looks pretty much the same."
] | [
"Because the video you send is not the same video you recorded. It's NOT about the transfer degrading the quality, it's about actual different files. I just did a test and recorded a very clear, nice-looking horizontal video on an iPhone, uploaded it in HD to YouTube and sent it to my Android. The iPhone version wa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why the American government is apprehensive about raising taxes on the rich | [
"Two answers: 1) Some People say that if you overtax the rich people will stop investing and working towards becoming more wealthy and that we don't have a revenue problem we have a spending problem. 2) Other people say that rich people are the major contributors in most cases to political candidates and that if yo... | [
"The American government does not care what the rest of the world thinks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the purpose of "aerating"/agitating liquids in areas such as factory holding ponds or wastewater evaporators/boilers etc.? | [
"When they release it back to nature, they want the micro-organisms to have a head start, so that it is digested as soon as possible. Air lines are a really cheap way to increase this effect."
] | [
"Mostly all soap is biodegradable, so it will decompose naturally. Most waste-water will go to a wastewater treatment plant. These plants use process such as sedimentation, coagulation, aeration, and eventually filtration to create to by-products, clean environmentally safe water and sludge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why hot/boiling water freezes faster than cold water? | [
"[Mpemba Effect](_URL_0_) TL:DR It doesn't always freeze more quickly and when it does no one really knows why"
] | [
"All drinks will explode in the freezer if there isn't enough room for the water in them to expand when it turns to ice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
After watching the Ferry capsizing in Korea, why is it so hard to get inside and rescue those people? | [
"A better question IMO is why do so many people fail to exit. Once the boat starts listing, I would think that most people would make their way to the upper decks."
] | [
"The water temp was about 50 degrees. You would not survive the swim. Also its in an area of strong currents complicating the swim time In retrospect people would have been much better off if they had just gone in the water in life vests. The Captain chose wrongly to keep everyone on board fearing many would be los... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does salt make other flavours stand out more? | [
"Here's a nifty history on salt : _URL_0_ So basically, we should distinguish taste from flavor. Taste is usually defined as the intensity of a sensory reaction to a food on the anatomical tongue. Flavor is one of the five: sweet, salty, ugami, bitter, or spicy. Taste is almost always used the same way flavor is us... | [
"For the same reason that warm wine tastes different than cold. Cold liquid makes your palate not be able to process taste as well. Cold water tastes like nothing. Heat the water and you can taste all of the minerals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Food and cooking:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Food and cooking:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How do bugs survive when I bend my muscular middle finger, placing it behind my thumb, tense with the power of thirty arched bows, release with the explosive force of Thor himself, and flick them across the room? | [
"Excellent description of flicking a bug. A full paint can is really heavy and when you drop it, it dents. But an empty paint can is really light, and when you drop it, it's fine. Same thing goes with living stuff but living stuff is squishier. If you drop a horse from fifty feet, it squishes. A person: squishes bu... | [
"The sudden slipping apart of your fingers lets the middle finger slap against the large thumb muscle of your palm. That impact vibrates the air and is what you hear."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it possible that we are heading into a mini ice age in 15 years? | [
"[For readers, I believe this is the article](_URL_0_) the OP is talking about. I have no opinion or knowledge on this subject. Just posting link for visibility."
] | [
"How do you know they will run out of oil in 50 years?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can something be unnatural when everything comes from the nature itself? | [
"I think the term *unnatural* is a description of something that would not occur in nature if it were not from human intervention. I understand that we (humans) are also natural and perhaps you could argue that technology is just a *natural* process in our evolution therefore nothing is unnatural. However, we tend... | [
"There is a lot of debate on the subject. And it very strongly depends on what you define as a creature. Evolution from microbes and proteins in the ocean is the answer to where larger creatures come from. Where the proteins came from is up for debate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does putting my headphones in the wrong ears make the mix sound like it has less bass? | [
"If you're talking about \"ear\" phones, manufacturers generally mold each bud to fit in a specific L or R auditory canal. If you put them on the wrong way, they do not seal the canal, allowing the pressure waves to travel out instead of to your drum."
] | [
"Stereo. There are two different audio tracks playing on most mp3s, it allows you to fit more music into each song by putting some more guitar in the left and some more vocals in the right. In the old days, you could only put a track in the left ear, the right ear or centre. Thats why old beatles songs have drums o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How come some liquids(like milk) can be held in paper cartons, and some can not(like toothpaste)? | [
"Toothpaste isn't a liquid. It's a paste. And the easiest way to dispense a thicker substance like that is in a tube you can squeeze. Also, nobody needs a 1L carton of toothpaste."
] | [
"**Likes disolve likes. Polar substances like water disolve polar substances like sugar. Non-polars like oil, fat, and gasoline dissolve non-polars. We've all seen this, oil doesn't mix with water. Chocolate and peanut butter have fat which don't disolve well or at all in water, but do in milk because milk has fat.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What it would be like to see into the infrared and ultraviolet bands of the electromagnetic spectrum? | [
"You know colours of the rainbow? There would be more of them. Some colours pass through walls (radiowaves) and some are blocked by glass (UV), so you would see some cool stuff going on."
] | [
"Blacklights are not literally black light. The light emitted from them is just far into the violet-UV part of the electromagnetic spectrum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why does Internet Explorer get made fun of so much? What exactly makes other browsers so much better? | [
"Contrary to what /u/Boringbear claims, the current version of Internet Explorer is on par with other browsers. When Internet Explorer first came onto the scene, it was by far the best browser. Because it was so popular (it was included with Windows), it came up with ways to do nifty things on websites. Unfortunate... | [
"Because people got used to the old one and now there is an adjustment period for the new one, which is always a pain. Give it a few months and people will start to praise it and talk about how much better it is from the old one."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Is taking a 3 hour nap during the day and sleeping 5 hours at night equivalent to getting a full 8 hour sleep at night? | [
"Coming from the country of the \"siesta\" (Spain), first, let me say that no, almost no one takes a siesta or nap at midday, it is just another cliché. But we do suffer of a split shift, a legacy from the post civil war Spain, so most people are able to go home for 2-3 hours at lunch time. There are studies every ... | [
"A lot of factors to consider here. 1. The stages of sleep you enter. If you're going in and out of REM, it drains energy. 2. Breathing. A lot of people actually have sleep apnea but don't realize it. 3. Naps give you the boost feeling, it does not provide you with the long sustained wakefulness that a quality slee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health:"
} |
When someone is killed by execution, why is the proper term 'hanged' instead of 'hung'? | [
"Here's the top comment by /u/xtremity from when this was [asked a year ago](_URL_0_): > As far as modern British English is concerned, *hung* is the normal form in most general uses, e.g. they hung out the washing; but *hanged* is the form normally used in reference to execution by hanging: the prisoner was hange... | [
"A death sentence is irreversible. So we go to extremes to make sure the person is really guilty. There have been actual cases of people who were discovered to be innocent after 15-20 years on death row. Which do you think is a bigger injustice: for a guilty person to sit in jail for decades instead of being promp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Law and Justice:"
} |
Why when the US invaded Japan it became a functioning and successful country yet our efforts elsewhere may have failed or proven more difficult? | [
"Japan was an empire who laid down their arms -- full and clear surrender. In Afghanistan and Iraq, the leadership never surrendered. There really was no one who could, being a major problem. This remaining leadership gives you a lot of stability, which is particularly important in a post-war rebuilding. The Japane... | [
"I'd say the Marshall Plan was one of the best tools against it. Marshall recognized a destroyed Europe was a \"breeding ground for hate\" and so the allies, especially the US, financed rebuilding Europe. After the Irak and Afghanistan wars too little was done to help stabilize the regions, allowing radicals to use... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is car insurance complusary and not optional like other insurances? | [
"Because by driving a vehicle you're potentially putting other people at risk. If I don't have homeowner's insurance and my house burns down, that sucks for me and my family, but nobody else is really harmed if I can't afford to buy a new house. But if I drive my car into a sidewalk full of pedestrians and hurt a b... | [
"Some are required by law, others are bought at the individual's discretion. We have so many different policies because each covers specific things. We'd rather pay a small amount each month so that if something happens, we don't have to pay thousands out of pocket. * Health insurance is required by the government ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do all (or most) languages capitalize the first letter of a sentence? | [
"It's a feature particular to languages that use the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic alphabets (and a couple of related alphabets). In particular, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, the Indian and Southeast Asian scripts, and Arabic (and Hebrew) do not capitalize. Having tried to learn a language (Bengali) that does not use cap... | [
"Because we say the month first and the written format matches the verbal one used in society."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
The quote "No good deed goes unpunished"...how does that make sense? | [
"It means that people often don't appreciate you for doing something good, or are even outright hostile. For instance, you hold the door open for a women and she calls you a chauvinist pig who thinks she can't open the door herself. Or you pick up a wallet that someone dropped, and they accuse you of stealing it. ... | [
"The problem with having a distinctive laugh is I know exactly when you're not laughing. \"Oh. Distinctive laugh didn't think that joke was funny.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Psychology:"
} |
What’s the difference between milk found in the cold section and milk found on the shelves? | [
"Unrefrigerated milk is likely UHT (Ultra High Temperature), milk that has been boiled in a high temperature to kill off all the bacteria in it. Doing so makes it possible to store the milk at room temperature."
] | [
"Regardless of whether milk is whole, 2, 1, or skim, the fat is removed before pasteurization and homogenization. The fat is then added back in according to the type of milk desired. The reason it costs more is because the fat would normally go towards making butter or cheese but is instead added back to the milk."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does declaring bankruptcy actually work? | [
"You file for bankruptcy in court, and notify all of your creditors. Certain assets are forfeited to the court and your creditors get to fight over how they're liquidated and which creditors get how much money in the end. Certain assets are protected from forfeit (in many states, they can't take your primary reside... | [
"Bankruptcy will not protect you from student loan debt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
I use regular old cheap peanut butter (Skippy) to bait a mousetrap and it works every time. I try Organic peanut butter, and they won't even touch it. | [
"Take a look at the label on the Skippy. It probably has sugar and salt in it, and possibly other ingredients as well. The organic stuff typically only has peanuts. Animals are programmed to seek sugar for energy and may also be attracted by the other stuff in Skippy."
] | [
"I'm a type 1 diabetic (Jonas Brothers or Jay Cutler, not Paula Deen) and try and avoid candy. I buy the Haribo sugarless gummies because they won't screw up my glucose levels like regular kinds do. I only eat like a handful at a time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does DNA begin acting/replicating differently when exposed to radioactivity? | [
"DNA is instructions and it's like a chain, when radiation hits that chain it breaks Let's say you've got a rainbow chain and the order of the colors is the order you put certain colored bricks down to built a sweet fort. When you're out of the room I sneak in and cut the chain and separate the two parts. With just... | [
"This is not something you can put in an ELI5 format. There is probably more than one answer; I am just giving you the answer that I know. My best attempt: One of the compounds in smoke reacts with an enzyme which converts it into an oxide. This oxide is highly reactive and can react with nucleotides in DNA to cau... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does it take refunds days to process back when the purchase took seconds. | [
"Processing the credit back to your account actually takes the same amount of time as debiting your account. What you generally see immediately are authorizations, basically the seller sends a quick note to the bank to hold money on your account which they will ask for later. In doing so they are ensuring that you ... | [
"Where does it say they get the money instantly? It might be pending for them too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do abandoned places have security guards? | [
"There may not be any active businesses there, but the physical assets of the structure - copper wiring, fixtures, other metal elements, possibly furniture - has value and if not guarded, will be ripped out of the walls and sold as scrap metal. Also, just to keep vagrants from moving in and causing damage or poten... | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
Why is it that women tend to have gay men in their social cirles while it's unusual for men to have lesbians in theirs? | [
"because all you want to see is us making out,and you get pissed when you can't join women usually don't feel that way about gays"
] | [
"It was explained to me like this: I prefer brunettes, with beautiful eyes, a pretty smile and a rocking ass. You may however like blondes. Some people like big girls, others dont. Just because a girl dresses more boyish doesn't embody that of a man. A woman may be attracted to that look, but still enjoy the comfor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do eyes in pictures follow you? | [
"They're painted to appear to be looking directly at the viewer, since they're two dimensional, the viewing angle is irrelevant."
] | [
"Slightly offtopic, but why do my eyes leak when I yawn?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Bandwidth for internet vs. tv | [
"The difference is cable is a broadcast. It's just the same information down the same wires at the same time, you're just reading it in multiple locations, you're not streaming. Streaming is an on-demand service, which is different. Each device you use for streaming requests its own lump of data to be sent. Even if... | [
"> secure digital medium > phone app Pick one"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why did the U.S. send a rescue mission to Syria for James Foley and yet not sending a rescue mission for another American citizen named Kenneth Bae who is detained in North Korea? | [
"Foley was held by insurgents. Bae is held by the North Korean government. There's a major difference. Going after Bae is an act of war."
] | [
"The claim is that he deliberately walked away from his post to give himself up to the Taliban, creating a headache for the US government. He was exchanged with Guantanamo prisoners because since Vietnam, the US has been very particular about getting every POW back. If they hadn't exchanged him, they'd have a harde... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does GMail's undo a sent email feature work? | [
"they send the mail not instantly, they hold it back for a moment. if you decide not to send the mail it had never left your mailbox."
] | [
"Are you sure it's the same? Are you marking the \"sender\" as junk because if you are then the sender Email address could be slightly different intentionally to alleviate the junk function. send me a PM and I can help you with this. Depending on your email client configuration other options are also there. Example... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Please explain (like I'm 5) why marijuana is illegal? | [
"Hemp was made illegal because it competed far to strongly with cotton as a textile (easier to grow, cheaper, more useful) and the people who grew cotton were rich and powerful, (100 years of slave labour, go figure). They were able to concoct a public relations and gov't lobbying campaign by inventing \"marijuana\... | [
"Can you explain the question like I’m five?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do people reading a script or speech often completely alter their speaking patterns and seemingly forget how their speaking tone usually sounds? | [
"When you talk normally, you're generating the words, tone, and rhythm from your head before you open your mouth; when it's time to read, you have to look at the words manually and recite them one at a time, and you may not be able to anticipate how the entire sentence or line is supposed to sound. If you get a cha... | [
"Because a language isn't just the words and how they're ordered, it's how phenomes and individual consonant and vowel sounds are governed. It's the speed at which it's delivered. Even if we don't understand the content of what someone says, it's how they say it that we identify."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
how atomic bombs leave shadows of things after the blast | [
"Same way that you currently see shadows of things from the sun. Sun or a light source shines light, light gets blocked by objects and shadows form representing that blocked light. An atomic bomb can be viewed as a really really 'bright' light (though its really energy) that shines on things. Things that block the... | [
"The earth has both th atmosphere to burn up many before they can do damage and the active geology and erosion to cover up damage after enough years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Astronomy:"
} |
Why is lipstick slanted when bought, while lip balm is flat? | [
"ok, don't ask how I know this or why this makes sense to me as a hetero male, but having an angled tip allows the users hand to be placed beneath the lips for more visibility. If it weren't angled and it were applied flat, you'd have to peer around your fist."
] | [
"The difference between men's razors and women's razors is they put pink plastic in the injection mold with women's razors, blue for men's."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The difference between what incognito mode does for your privacy and what TOR does for your privacy? | [
"Tor uses a bunch of encryption and randomized relays to send your information to your destination, effectively obscuring your activities as well as the sources and destinations of your requests. Incognito mode connects to websites the same way that your regular browser does but it doesn't save your browser history... | [
"You can use a tor browser and an operating system (like TAILS) that are conducive to security and preventing surveillance. It's not necessarily a guarantee but it helps."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are there different land speed records for men and women? | [
"This is a great question. I understand the need for things where the human body is the vessel used for the record (Skating, running, etc) But when machines are used, this seems odd. I wonder if it just one of those things like \"Well the rest are divided, so why not this too?\" or \"Why not keep track of both the ... | [
"Different types of motorsports have different rules governing them. These rules dictate track type, engine size, type of car, etc. For instance, NASCAR dictates what kind of car can be raced. All of the cars in NASCAR are virtually the same, minus some tweaks here and there, like spoiler angle. Daytona is a race t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Where does the smell of Autumn/fall come from? Is it actually the coldness of the air making that smell? | [
"I believe its from the changes in the soil and plants combined with the with heaviness of the air."
] | [
"You might be noticing the lowered humidity in cold air. Basically cold air holds less moisture. Scents are enhanced with humidity (every farted in a hot shower?). This is also part of the reason creating palatable airline food is so difficult. Airplanes have dry air, and our sense of taste is very much tied to our... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do some cities have their own fire/police department, sheriff department, while others has the county police/fire? | [
"It depends on the needs of the area. For example, in something like New York City, which spans several counties, it makes sense to have one unified police department rather than sheriff's departments trying to intercoordinate and duplicate costs. Then you have places like Las Vegas where (most) of the valley is u... | [
"The police department is at the city level. They are the primary law enforcement authority for that city. The sheriff's department is at the county level. There is some overlap, but it is important to understand that not every place in the US is within the borders of a city that has a police department. In these p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why isn't it unconstitutional for US currency to have the phrase "In God We Trust"? | [
"\"God\" is general and does not specifically reference any particular god, thus it is not preferring any particular religion over the other. \"In Jesus we Trust\", \"In Mohammed we Trust\", \"In Buddha we Trust\" or similar would be unconstitutional because it is referencing a specific religion."
] | [
"No. We have a representative democracy at the federal level. Some cities and states allow for referendums, but not the federal government. Congress has the power...\"To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitut... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there a statute of limitations? | [
"One the practical side, it's just nearly impossible to prosecute a case for, say, stealing a candy-bar forty years after the event. On the ethical side, there's a couple reasons. One is that, if you haven't been caught for more crimes since then, you've apparently changed yourself to be a good, law-abiding citizen... | [
"What's the reasoning behind term limits being a good idea?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is it that Nazi war criminals have evaded prosecution for so long and/or why did prosecutors wait so long to take them to trial? | [
"It's pretty straightforward. A lot of the really bad ones, the men in charge, were able to amass personal fortunes either during the war or before. As things started to collapse for the Reich, they made preparations to flee. Fake documents, hidden stores of cash. They've been living under false names in South Am... | [
"Because for the arrest to stick, we have to convince a jury of their peers to unanimously agree on their guilt. Also, we have to make sure all the evidence we collect was gathered legally. Also, we need witnesses and victims to step forward and risk retaliation from the mobster's associates just to press charges o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Is it possible for the United States to have a 3 major party political system? | [
"It's possible but the way our voting works it won't last. We have a 'first past the goal post' voting system, whoever gets the most votes wins it all. Other countries with many different parties tend to have proportional voting systems - that is, they vote for the party they want and the parties end up with that m... | [
"I have a follow up question: Why did America reject the parliamentary system of the British and make up a whole new system?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do WiFi, BlueTooth, and radio signals not all interfere with each other? | [
"WiFi and bluetooth is on a frequency band that is very crowded. They are both built to tolerate interference. If a signal does not get though just try again. Maybe using a different frequency. You might have experienced that these radio technologies have worse performance the more people around you are using it. I... | [
"It disables the cellular transceiver in your phone. It just turns off the part of your phone that sends and receives data from cell towers. The idea is that you will not be creating electromagnetic interference that could potentially interact with the aircraft's instrumentation. The reality is that everything is s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are we not allowed to host modern day gladiator tournaments? | [
"Government rules making it illegal. besides, we have mma, boxing, wrestling,Sumo, karate tournaments ,bull fighting and rodeo and gladiator movies"
] | [
"Better question: why is there censorship at all? Are we really supposed to be ashamed of the fun bits of life?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Biology:"
} |
How did people find cheat codes for video games back when they were a thing, did the developers release them or did people find out on they're own? | [
"The developers leak them and they spread. They were commonly found in gaming magazines or cheat books if you remember those."
] | [
"Honestly, your not looking hard enough. A quick search on TPB turned up what your friend was looking for. For brand new games they need to be cracked first. That usually happens pretty quick. But once a developer sees it up their going to find a way to bring it down. Or set up a nice honey pot. Not all developers ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come we know all about our planet, from how it was made, to how the universe was basically credit. But we still don't know for sure, how the dinosaurs were wiped out? | [
"We're not sure about anything you mentioned, we just have good evidence and reasons to believe it. Same with dinosaurs. We don't exactly know what caused the K2 extinction but we have very good evidence."
] | [
"How ? Our Universe may very well be the result of two universes on completely different dimensions of imagination, colliding. Your question is pretty much what scientists and accomplished people throughout history were and are still trying to answer. We know how life came to be, how our solar system was created, b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document about science:"
} |
Can a tech or software company just move out of the US so they don't have to deal with government demanded backdoors? | [
"Yes. Assuming the country they move to doesn't demand backdoors either. Also, they would have to move *all* their operations overseas."
] | [
"The government cannot make companies compete with each other. If company A doesn't want to expand into area Z because they will need to invest a lot of money into doing that and they aren't sure it will pay off, what can the government do? Force a company to go?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why did old movie, tv show, and radio actors and hosts use a distinct voice/tone while performing? | [
"It's called the trans-Atlantic accent. It doesn't actually have a home, the only ways you would pick it up is by traveling between the US and Britain a lot, go to boarding school where they teach it to you, or learn it yourself. A lot of actors adopted this accent because it sounds intelligent and sophisticated."
... | [
"It kind of never existed. It was an affectation that came and went as a style of speech in a particular form of media, carried over from older public speaking styles. I'm not an expert but I wouldn't be surprised if it had to do with intonation and annunciation being important to having your unamplified voice carr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Animation:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Animation:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If protons make up light waves, what makes up audio waves? | [
"Photons, not protons, are the carrier of light. Sound waves are mechanical pressure waves through some medium. For instance, air, or metal. You are essentially registering a vibration through the material."
] | [
"Electromagnetic radiation(light, radio, microwaves, heat) does not require a medium to travel in. We used to think it did (The Ether) but discovered it didn't. Light is not just energy, as weird as it sounds, it is also mass. Just as a ball can fly through space, so can light (or radio waves)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How did Google managed to blur everyone's license plate numbers on google earth? | [
"They have some algorithm which can recognize license plates (not too hard as they share a general theme) and then blur them out. It is done automatically by their program."
] | [
"A lot of personal information can be found out with your license plate. Including your name and address. When I'm on the road only other on the road can see it, which isn't that many people. On the Internet the entire world can see it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is a 'circlejerk answer' or a 'circlejerk comment'? | [
"Basically a circlejerk is where someone expresses an opinion and everybody else in the discussion affirms the rightness of that opinion while simultaneously shouting down any opposing opinions. You could look up \"Positive feedback loop\" or \"echo chamber\" for more information."
] | [
"Meta roughly means 'about itself'. For example, topics you'd expect to see in a ELI5 subreddit include 'Schroedinger's cat' and 'American politics', but if I wanted to make a post within ELI5 *about ELI5 itself* (such as should this place be more purple? should we ban silly questions?) then I would tag it 'meta'."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are so many people christian yet get so upset when people talk about helping the poor, giving people welfare, job assistance, health care etc? | [
"Some Christians feel that churches, communities, and nonprofits can provide these services better than the government. Don't shoot the messenger."
] | [
"A big reason for some of the marching is the fact that some government officials are trying to get rid of planned parenthood/birth control all together, and those people aren't even the ones that use it in the first place. There are many other gender equality related reasons as well such as workplace harassment, w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do we hide the names of victims of rape, but not their alleged rapists? | [
"People accused of crimes are always publicly identified. Otherwise, the government could hold secret trials and deny that they were doing it. Public and open courts are a key part of the protection of the accused."
] | [
"They don't want to be known as the perpetrator of millions of deaths and ethnic cleansing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why Julia Louis-Dreyfus does Old Navy commercials even though her family is extremely rich and she was on a successful TV show? | [
"Money is a weird thing. If you ask scientists, it doesn't take a lot of money to be happy: the money varies from place to place, but by the time you are earning $75K/year, there are very few areas in the US you can live and not have your income adversely effecting your happiness. And wherever you are, once you are... | [
"He is considered to be one of the funniest comedians in America and he hasn't done nearly anything on TV since his show was cancelled 10 years ago."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Where did the stereotypical mentality of the New Yorker who believes that "if you can survive New York, you can survive anything" come from? | [
"New York is by far America's densest city. A very large number of people are crammed into a fairly small area, compared to the rest of the country. This has resulted in a somewhat ruder, harsher, more impatient culture there than in the rest of the country. You have to be a little bit pushy to get access to scarce... | [
"There's usually not much you can do to sway their minds. You can lead a horse to water but you can't make it drink."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Mike Huckabee says that the supreme court does not have the authority to legislate. is he wrong? | [
"The supreme court does not have the ability to legislate. It cannot create law. It does, however, have the ability to interpret whether or not laws are constitutional. If a law is found unconstitutional, then logically the opposite of that law must be applied. If you ban gay marriage, and that ban is found unconst... | [
"It's up to the courts to decide what's unconstitutional and what's not, not the Attorney General. So by that token, they're allowed to *pass* any law that they want, and at that point, it's the court's job to rule on whether it's Constitutional or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that there are a lot of celebrity scientologists? | [
"Because they recruit celebrities and have that fancy place in Hollywood for them and stuff. Probably the biggest factor is that celebrities have a screwed up version of the world."
] | [
"If there was an answer to this then there wouldn't be so many diet fads and controversy over existing diets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is it dangerous to fall asleep after recieving a concussion? | [
"In my experience as a medic in the US Army, it is not because of the possibility of worsening of symptoms but the inability to recognize them. If some one has suffered a head injury that resulted in a cereberal hemorrage, the altered mental status is easier to recognize in a conscious patient who is capable of tal... | [
"Flying( or any form of travel ) isn't an excellent idea while recovering from major surgery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How its legal to have female only gyms? Is it legal to ban certain groups of people from your business? | [
"Private clubs are generally exempt from non-discrimination laws. This is why the Boy Scouts are allowed to exclude atheists, which would otherwise be against federal non discrimination laws and gay adults, which would be against state law in several places. Also why there was only social and not legal pressure aga... | [
"Businesses are not allowed to deny to serve anyone for whatever reason. Where did you hear this was so?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What makes Saudi Arabia friendly towards The West, while other conservative Islamic nations are hostile? | [
"The west buys their oil and provides them with financial and military support to keep the Totalitarian Sauds in power, keeping the country just stable enough that it can keep providing oil to the rest of the world."
] | [
"You do realize that at least Israel is one of the most moderate states in the Middle East. Would you like to support Syria instead? Which gasses its own citizens, oppresses women and is under a harsh dictatorship. Unfortunately, the only moderate state in the Middle East, happens to be Israel, Turkey, and Oman. Ad... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does lower taxes result in higher revenues and vice versa. | [
"Well, this isn't universally accepted but here's the idea. The government takes a percentage of the money that people make. If they lower how the percentage they are taking then people will have more money to spend, which will help the business that they buy stuff from, which allows them to hire more people and pa... | [
"Textbook economics can answer both sides: It would effect the economy positively because it puts money into the hands of people who will spend it. (If you're on welfare, you're probably going to spend most of the money you get. If you're wealthier, you'll save more of it and your savings will not be spent). Spendi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does Google provide traffic information on their maps? | [
"Along with using the usual traffic services that are established and that everyone else (like news/radio programs) use, they have the advantage of being able to track the location and speed of tons of Android/iOS devices. Mobile phones are actually very accurate when it comes to tracking not only your movements (d... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why earth is so element rich compared to other planets? | [
"While the solar system was forming the different elements that make up the planets today were all mixed together in a giant gas cloud. Over a very long time the gravity of the sun began to pull the heavier denser elements together and toward itself leaving the lighter gases further away from itself. Over more time... | [
"An Exoplanet is a planet that is not in our solar system. The Goldilocks Zone is the zone around a Star that liquid water can exist on a planet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't U.S.-based websites have a two letter code like the rest of the countries?(like .it for Italia, .br for Brazil, etc) | [
"It used to be a reserved domain until \"recently,\" so companies turned to .com making it the unofficial domain of America. .us is available now and can be used (has been available for over a decade) but it's too late. .com already became the unofficial American domain."
] | [
"Because, sometimes governments have the power to force, or at least pressure DNS providers to not give a domain to a certain entity. That's why these torrent sites are often registered in Sweden (.se), Tuvalu (.tv) Cuba(.cu) and Tonga (.to)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is the psychological reason for intentionally revisiting memories/photos/things/experiences that have hurt us? | [
"It's an attempt to heal wounds that still ache. What you are referring to is benign, but repetition compulsion drives people to get into therapy for harmful relationship patterns. _URL_0_"
] | [
"The age you were when you had that experience, the intensity and duration of emotions you experienced during the events, what was going on in rest of your environment, if certain objects, people, smells, etc. we're around or involved that then become associated with that experience."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
What is the difference between VPN and SSH? | [
"A VPN is a way to extend a private network like your home network to other computers over the internet using encryption. You're still using your computer, but on a different network. SSH is a way to securely connect one computer to another. It's usually used to remotely log in to another computer. You're actually ... | [
"Connect two computers with a network cable. Bam! Your very own personal Internet!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is formal titles (mr, ms, sir, officer, etc.) when addressing someone (e.g. a teacher, a parent of a friend, coach, or a cop) common in the U.S. but not in Scandinavian countries? | [
"It's a way of showing respect to someone and their position, at least that's was I was taught when I was young."
] | [
"In England, a *solicitor* does the paperwork side of lawyering. A *barrister* is a lawyer who is licensed to argue cases in court. A *lawyer* is a generic term for both of them, however I suspect it is a more common term in the USA than in the Commonwealth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why do my clothes get darker if they get wet? can they ever be that dark without being wet? | [
"The layer of water on the clothing gives the light another substance to be absorbed into or refracted off of. This results in less of the light reaching your eyes, making it look darker. [This short video](_URL_0_) explains everything perfectly."
] | [
"It is not to stop it from drying out. it is to stop it from leaving a mark on things you don't want to write on"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
how Chris Brown can perform in Canada with an assault conviction? | [
"Permission to enter the country is at the discretion of the government. There is no law that says they must turn you away for an assault conviction, and these decisions are made on a case by case basis. That said, if enough people got annoyed by it to make the media question it, there's a good chance he'd be refus... | [
"Sometimes Canada won't extradite criminals to the USA because of the death penalty. (See Charles Ng)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What the hell are independent & dependent clauses? Similarly, what's the grammatical use of a semicolon? | [
"An independent clause can stand on its own as a complete sentence; a dependent clause can't. Semicolons are used to link two independent clauses that are somehow related to one another, as I did in the previous sentence. There are some other uses too, but that's the main one."
] | [
"Generally speaking, use a semicolon only where you would use a period. If a comma belongs there, a semicolon does not. Use a semicolon instead of a period if two sentences seem like they go together more so than usual. One example would be a sentence that shows one side of an argument coupled with another sentence... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Grammar:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Grammar:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Grammar:"
} |
How come we can't send probes into planets and take pictures of their surfaces and such? | [
"> I can image the incredible landscape it could capture on Jupiter or Venus, or where ever. Yes, I can too. It would look something like [this](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Cassini uses fuel to maneuver. The dense orbital system it operates in isn't stable. The Voyagers are on the edge of nowhere. They can't maneuver anymore, and that's OK. Cassini could hit something, like one of Jupiter's moons where there may be life. It's important to know if there is life on such a Moon, and kno... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
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