query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
what happens to someone's debts when they die? | [
"Hey tarekiswhat, don't kill yourself. I love you."
] | [
"if you declare bankruptcy ... you will also have to go through a phase called \"liquidation of assets\" when your assets are sold/auctioned off and the proceedings are use to pay off part of the debt, in the US, this goes for both persons or companies sorry I'm too lazy to explain it all. I hope others will chime ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do they still paint airforce planes in camouflage? | [
"The paint on the B2, F22, F177 is radar absorbing paint which helps reduce it's radar signature. And the paint on the other planes is CARC paint which is chemical and radiation resistant."
] | [
"Why not just paint it with clear nail polish?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why haven't insects evolved to be able to avoid spider webs? | [
"What makes you think they haven't? They're in an evolutionary arms race. Bugs that can't escape or avoid spider webs die. Spiders that can't make a spider web that catches bug dies of starvation. Each generation the poorest web making spider dies of starvation, and the insect least able to avoid or escape spider ... | [
"Spiders create little sticky blobs at points in their web and the creator uses the safe spots to move around without getting tangled up. It's possible, although highly unlikely without outside interference, for a spider to get tangles in it's own web. Spiders are carnivorous and cannibalistic, and they will ea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Is the sun actually yellow? | [
"the sun is white. it's just tinted yellow from the sky, it's also why the sky is blue, the sky diffracts light. here is a great video _URL_0_ the sun looks red at sunset because of the atmosphere. the suns emits a lot of light, not all of it is visible to us humans, but we will see it as white if we were in space.... | [
"Is this how the light in the fridge works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why are phones so much more expensive than other mobile technology??? | [
"Miniaturization. It's the same reason laptops are more expensive than desktops. It's pricier to make things smaller. To a lesser extent, Steve Jobs set the price of the first iPhone based almost purely on his gut feel of what people would pay. It seems to have stuck"
] | [
"They aren't, really. However, people are willing to pay for bells and whistles on their phone that they don't buy for their PC, and people are more inclined to buy new phones--often once a year, especially if it is part of a contract with a carrier. Hence there is more drive to include special features, update fre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about gaming:"
} |
why do pens dry out if you leave the cap off even though most caps have holes in the top? | [
"The other thing to note is that many pen caps—particularly for felt-tip pens that *are* at risk of drying out, because of the type of ink they contain—have two sections, one inside the other. The inner section is usually fairly small, and is designed to form an air-tight seal around the tip of the pen to stop it f... | [
"because of air flow. when you pour out of a bottle, you get that 'glug glug glug' thing happen, where a bunch of water comes out, then there's a short break before the next bunch. this is because as the water blocks the lid area of the bottle, the bottle becomes airtight, and the rest of the water cannot flow even... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what happens if you don't carry any i.d. and refuse to identify yourself to police? | [
"In the US, when asked, you may be required tell an officer your name, (and in some places address and reason for being there). You don't have to provide photo identification. Under [Hiibel](_URL_0_) or [Terry](_URL_1_) at least [24 states](_URL_2_#Obligation_to_identify) have [stop-and-identify](_URL_2_) laws. If ... | [
"In the united states your car is treated in the same way that a home is. They are aloud to view everything from through the window (as long as they are not trespassing). They are aloud to ask to search your vehicle. At this point say that you do not consent to a search. They either need to have probable cause and ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Legal:"
} |
How does Supply and Demand work when the good is virtual, like steam games? | [
"In this case the supply is essentially infinite, but demand isn't. As the price charged increases, the demand will decrease as less people are willing to pay that price for the game. It works out that there is an optimal point where enough people want to buy the game at a high enough price where revenue is maximis... | [
"The same way Gold, US Dollars and Euros gets their value. Some people are willing to exchange a certain amount of another currency for a certain amount of Bit Coin. The people who help make these exchanges record the amounts and tell you about it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What does Berkshire Hathaway do exactly? | [
"Value investing. They buy stock in companies that they believe are undervalued. Some companies they buy 100%. Warren Buffet and his team analyze companies very carefully before selecting what to buy and they very rarely ever sell."
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do you get the feeling of throwing up when you're hungry? | [
"Your stomach is constantly producing acid and sometimes when there is no food in your stomach, there is too much acid and it causes a feeling of nausea"
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
When our nails grow, what stops the skin at the base of the nails from stretching and breaking? | [
"It does stretch and break, but the nail is moving slowly enough that the tiny injuries and repairs happen without you noticing. The growth occurs under the small patch of skin at the base of the nail. The rest isn't actually alive, it's just hard protein, similar to hair, working its way across the top of your fin... | [
"What usually causes irritation from clipping nails too short is that the skin right at the transition point where our nails attach to the finger doesn't build up the same protective layer of dead skin as the rest of the fingertip. So when the nail is clipped too short, the edge of the nail starts biting into this ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do cell service providers charge so much for data? | [
"For two reasons. 1. They can. They want make more money. 2. To discourage people from using too much data, and therefore making it slower for everyone. Wireless data doesn't cost to much to produce, but there is a limited quantity of it."
] | [
"Metro, Cricket, and Boost are owned by T-Mobile, AT & T and Sprint, respectively. So it's basically them selling their networks to people who are more likely to pay cash money for a phone + service. Post paid customers usually pay by debit or credit and sometimes pay their bills after the due date. Meanwhile most ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Double and single action trigger mechanisms in revolvers and the differences between the two. | [
"In a double action, when you pull the trigger, the hammer moves back, and then is released, triggering the primer in the bullet and firing the gun. Alternatively, you can pull back the hammer manually, which then makes the trigger pull much shorter and lighter (which is what a \"hair trigger\" actually is). In a s... | [
"It's still smoothbores firing ball bearings by igniting black powder right? In that case, no. It's not going to be more accurate. The mini-ball and rifling were the innovations when it comes to accuracy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is actually going on here, Is he dead or alive? | [
"He's dead. You can't defeat the aging process (The breakdown of cells and the inability to create new ones) or hunger or thirst by just meditating."
] | [
"So your both contradicting eachother who's right here?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
When I have to "stop and think" to solve a problem, what is going no in my body as I stare at nothing? Is this different from "stopping to think" to remember a fact? | [
"You are simply shutting down the other activities that your brain is usually forced to multi-task, in order to divert more of your brains attention to the task at hand. You have markedly diminished critical thinking skills when you are multi-tasking, so if you can just quiet down for a second and stop intaking oth... | [
"You mean a brain fart? According to science, brain farts are due to your brain having an issue retrieving a memory. Your brain is lazy by nature and will take any chance to take some \"rest\" even if you don't really want it. You see, the more you get used to do something and it becomes a habit, the less you beco... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
Mechanics of Omnidirectional Treadmill | [
"_URL_0_ This video shows off a similar technology while letting you see the side and underside, which helps a lot in understanding what it's doing. It's basically one big conveyor belt, with a bunch of little conveyor belts on it facing the other direction. If the *little* belts move, they can move you forward and... | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is it that there seems to be a new revolutionary breakthrough in fighting cancer every week, but cancer isn't cured yet? | [
"Because there are hundreds of different types of cancer, and thousands of different subsets of possible progression. Cancer is just your own cells dividing unconstrained, so every individual case is absolutely unique."
] | [
"Cancer isn't one disease, and no one treatment will work for every type of cancer no even for every person with the same type of cancer. It's vastly complex and will never be solved overnight - but because of the research, your chances of surviving cancer right now are vastly better than they have ever been, and c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Social Issues:"
} |
How can colleges like UConn justify raising tuition of students, while paying their coaches for their sports inordinate amounts of money? | [
"According to [this article](_URL_0_), in 2011 men's basketball generated almost $14M in revenue, netting the athletic department almost $4M in profit. Football and Basketball (including Women's basketball at UConn) effectively fund the entire athletic budget. People only go to watch winning teams. So yes, the capi... | [
"Bloated administrative budgets, excessive number of \"administrators\", golden parachutes to retiring administrators who maybe have served a couple of years or less, an out of control athletic program, often in violation of Title 9, hundreds of thousands of dollars paid out to settle discrimination lawsuits. Just ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How was Voldemort able to run a successful "Pure-Blood Only" campaign if he himself was a half-blood? | [
"He found out and killed any connection with the muggle side of his family. Kept it a tight secret and although it was suspected no one really knew. Did you even read number 6?"
] | [
"He wanted to bring the whole world under his control, Muggles included. He'd probably initiate some kind of Final Solution for Muggles, and then eliminate squibs and 'mudbloods' and rule over his Nazified state."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if we could vibrate at the natural frequency of air could we "phase" through objects? | [
"No. There is literally nothing about that question that makes any scientific sense. Even if air had a \"natural frequency\", it does not pass through solid objects, so there would be no reason to think a person would either."
] | [
"There's no physical involvement with high frequencies. Whereas you can *feel* low frequencies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:"
} |
Why emigrate illegally? Why do people not go through legal channels to enter a country? | [
"There are a limited number of spots and demand far outsizes supply. The process also can take years, even decades depending on personal situations and costs significant amounts of money. Many people come to the country only to work so they can send money back to work. Waiting that time quite literally costs them m... | [
"Refugees and asylum seekers are requesting legal permission to stay in a country, because of problems in their home country. Illegal immigrants are staying in a country without permission."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does a word look unfamiliar if we stare at it for a long time? | [
"A word written down is on its own just meaningless symbols to represent an idea, emotion, place etc. The longer you just stare at the word itself the meaning is peeled away leaving you with the symbols alone. The same can be experienced by repeating a word over and over again. After just a short time it will soun... | [
"You can stare at a photo for as long as you want. Hearing doesn't work the same way. You can't hear a sound for as long as you want, it's much more here and now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Science:"
} |
Why is there such a larger concentration of land mass in the Northern Hemisphere? | [
"There is no reason, it just turned out that one hemisphere has more land above sea level than the other. Keep in mind that the designations of \"north\" and \"south\" are human-made, you could easily swap the names around or flip the map: _URL_0_"
] | [
"They're really not that close. South Africa is as close to the south pole as southern USA is to the north pole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do things like paper and clothing become transparent when wet? | [
"Paper and most clothing is made of long chains of molecules that will attract and loosely bind water. When they get wet the structure of the molecules that make up the paper or cloth changes slightly allowing more light to pass."
] | [
"If you cover yourself in paint, it stays there, if you cover yourself in golf balls, they fall off. Different materials react to other materials in different ways."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do passports expire? | [
"1) Prevent identity fraud. It's tougher to use a stolen passport if it has an expiration date. 2) Things age, namely the photo used in the passport. 3) Technology improves. A lot of technology goes into a passport, both for the identification of the holder/authenticity of the passport and to prevent fraud. It's ea... | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Is streaming digital data essentially "intelligent electricity"? | [
"Not any more than the electricity going through a phone line is \"audible electricity\". Its all just a sequence of electricity, making sense of it comes with the encoders/decoders on either side."
] | [
"It encodes the pictures and sends them via radio. Think long distance wifi transmissions"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Science and Technology:"
} |
How do insurance companies deal with voluntary organ donations? | [
"The recipient pays all costs for the donor in the US. One or two blood tests (pre-) and a doctor's visit (post) may not be covered by the recipient, depending on the exact methodology used by the specific transplant center. Source: Related to a donor and a recipient. The donor [or insurance] paid all costs except ... | [
"Insurance companies also have insurance. That insurance protects them from large payouts such as natural disasters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it that when i learn something, it always seems to pop up soon after? | [
"Confirmation bias. You're not seeing that thing any more often than normal, but since it's on your mind it stands out when you see it or hear about it."
] | [
"That's just because it stands out. You don't remember the thousands of time you thought of something and it didn't happen, so it feels more common than it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do 4 year-old's think Dinosaurs and Trucks are so cool? | [
"I think it may be down to the fact that they are aware that they, themselves have little in the way of power, so things that are inherently powerful, may appeal to them, as something to aspire to. I'm not certain though. Also, I'm 34. Dinos are still badass."
] | [
"Why in God's name would a 5 year old want to know about Quantum Gravity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is having a credit card (and taking micro loans for everyday purchases) at all a good idea? | [
"If you pay off your card in full every month you won't pay any interest. In fact, depending on your card you'll likely get cash back or rewards and save money. Using a credit card shows crediting companies that you have the ability to borrow and pay back funds within your means. This helps your credit so when you ... | [
"How do you know they're out of debt? Almost everyone is in some sort of debt, but it's not hard to keep your debt manageable with smart decisions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is a "sigh," exactly, and why do we do it when we're sad or exasperated? Does every culture sigh? | [
"I don't think it's cultural or even human for that matter. I've heard my dog sigh when he's frustrated"
] | [
"Crying is biologically hardwired into our minds. It's much like why we smile when we're happy, or why we frown when we're mad (Ever wonder how blind people smile even though they've never seen one in their lives?) Here's a link: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why eggs, bacon, pancakes, etc are considered breakfast food? | [
"The defining characteristic of breakfast food is that it cooks quickly with little or no preparation. Think of the foods you just listed. Eggs cook in a couple of minutes. Bacon, out of the fridge, into the pan, no prep. Pancakes, even if you make them from scratch it only takes a few minutes to make the batter an... | [
"There are studies that grilled meats are bad, that cured meats are bad. That sugar is bad. That salt is bad. Fat, carbs, some fish, pork... on and on and on and on. Milk provides Vitamin D, potassium, B12, Calcium... in a convenient package. We've been eating dairy from cows for thousands of years, in the form of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does the speed of light have anything to do with time travel? | [
"I *think* you are mixing up science with science-**fiction**. Nothing with mass can go faster than the speed of light. Even if you read *real scientific texts* and they talk about the hypothetical of going faster; it is just that, a hypothetical."
] | [
"You can determine the speed of light from the laws of physics explaining how electricity works. Electricity doesn't work differently when you're moving, so the speed of light must not be different either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Physics:"
} |
Why do days begin in the middle of the night instead of dawn? | [
"Dawn changes everyday, so it would be a very unreliable gauge on time. But I know what you mean, why doesn't the day begin at our current 7am. I'm only guessing, but i'd imagine it would come from what we perceive to be the 'middle' of the day, 12 noon. If that is the middle, then logically the opposite side would... | [
"AM stands for ante meridiem and PM stands for post meridiem - before noon and after noon. Noon is the point at which the sun is highest in the sky. In the AM, the sun is rising. In the PM, it is setting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why do fridges make such strange sounds? | [
"Refridgerators contain [heat pumps](_URL_0_), which circulate heat out of the fridge. These heat pumps contain moving parts, which make noise. [Here's a nice animation of what's moving in a heat pump](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"They just cover up the smell, same way you turn up radio volume when your car engine starts to make funny sounds"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If poverty and crime are almost always linked, why are the ghettos in San Francisco and Sacramento with Asian immigrants have almost non existent crime? | [
"Who says those areas don't have crime? There are Asian gangs that operate in San Francisco and Sacramento."
] | [
"As a person who lives outside of Detroit, many of the things already mentioned are true, but are missing a major thing or two. Massive corruption by the Democrat party in the city has caused many of the problems. Because of the corruption, city services and schools massively declined. Literacy rates are in the tee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does the bruised part of an apple turn brown so quickly after its dropped? | [
"The cellular damage allows for oxidization (just like how if you cut the apple open, it would brown). Read more here: _URL_0_ There's probably a deeper answer about why apples in general oxidize so quickly (which I don't know the answer to), but as far as your question goes, the bruise has the same effect as cutti... | [
"No, because you usually also damage important defense mechanisms when freezing. For example you can freeze a fresh yellow banana and it will remain in perfect condition, but within an hour of getting out of the freezer its skin will turn pitch black. The flesh itself is edible for a while longer, but not the same ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes our body's automatic reaction to gag when we see or smell rot? | [
"Our body developed this sense of disgust to prevent us from poisoning ourselves. We need to feel sick, or disgusted by rotten, and possiby poisonous food, so we won't even be tempted to eat it."
] | [
"Throwing up is the body's way of protecting itself from eating something that is bad for us! We've also evolved to be disgusted by these same things, usually by smells. (Like feces, vomit, or rotting food) Thus throwing up is our body's natural way of telling us \"Don't eat that!\" But sometimes our body reacts ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How does a phone recognize when someone else takes a screenshot of your text/snapchat/etc | [
"The way I would have done it, were I to be developing snapchat, would be to \"hook\" the Android-provided function for a screenshot. That is, I would program software that forced my code to be ran whenever a screenshot was taken, and, if appropriate, send that a screenshot has been taken."
] | [
"Kik is a messenger app, can be used with just wifi and doesn't require you to share your phone number. I prefer to use Kik over texting because 1. I don't have to share my personal phone number 2. It tells you when the message has been delivered, read, and when the person is replying 3. Standard messaging rates ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do older TVs have a weird screen effect while being viewed on another camera? | [
"because the refresh rate of the TV screen collides with the frame rate of the video resulting in an \"animation\" of said refresh rate - the line moving up or down the screen. It's similar to the way rims on a car often look like they are going on the wrong direction on film, or how in a strobe environment water d... | [
"Back in the old days of CRT monitors and before screensavers, showing the same thing would \"burn\" whatever was on the screen into the phospors on the inside of the tube. But modern plasma and LCD monitors/TVs are unlikely to get this.... it is possible, but unlikely (and most modern screens now have pixel shifti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does Asian porn use censors? [NSFW] | [
"There's a [Quora post](_URL_0_) that explains a little bit about the laws in Japan regarding censorship. A more in-depth explanation can be found on this [Wikipedia page](_URL_1_). Essentially, it's viewed as okay to accept that porn exists and people watch it so long as the act itself is censored. Both links I pr... | [
"Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why is porn more censored than violence ? ](_URL_0_) ^(_9 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Why is Violence more tolerable than Sex in America? ](_URL_5_) ^(_ > 100 comments_) 1. [ELI5: In movies, why is excessive violence/blood OK, but sexualit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can our ears pick up the smallest vibrations in the air, but wind isn't deafening? | [
"If it's strong enough it certainly is deafening, but the shape of our ear lobes and canals does a pretty good job of keeping the wind streams out. It's a relatively small canal so big gusts of air blow past it while the intersection of more or less standing air in your ear canal and the shifting air outside can tr... | [
"Some animals can react to different frequencies which are outside the range of what humans can pick up. With earthquakes, you get extremely low frequencies generated by the earthquake which gets picked up by some animals before feeling the impact. It's like how dog whistles are high pitched enough so humans cant h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Did those Duracell batteries with the little "press here to see power remaining" function actually work? If so, how? | [
"They did. You'd have to press really hard though, and then the line would fill up/ turn transparent indicating how full the battery was. According to an older ELI5 threat, pressing on the circle's would close a circuit within the battery, which would heat up a resistor. This heat is then detected by the little st... | [
"It'll have a watch battery on its motherboard. They can last aaaaaages without forgetting the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do cells know what to do when they don't have brains? | [
"Big, complicated, multicellular organisms like us are really just the result of tons and tons of very complicated chemical reactions! For example, blood vessels seem to magically \"know\" to grow in a pattern that oxygenates every cell. What actually happens is that, during growth, cells that aren't getting enoug... | [
"As counterintuitive as it may sound, sometimes what the body needs is for some of its cells to die. During embryo development, an embryo has nubs for hands and its fingers develop when the cells between them die. Your body makes a lot of white blood cells during an infection, but if they stuck around after the inf... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What's actually happening when you miss someone so much you can physically feel it? | [
"The threshold between mental anguish and physical pain is quite small. That's pretty much what it boils down to. Any emotional turmoil can inflict fairly severe physical effects as well. It's why grief runs rollercoasters over people."
] | [
"Breathing you actually don't need to tell your brain to do. Like when you are asleep you still breath even when you are not thinking about it. Fun Fact: If your kid ever threatens to hold his breath till he gets what he wants, if you let him he will pass out from lack of oxygen and will start breathing again whil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:"
} |
whats so special about Cuban cigars, why can't we just make them in the states? | [
"If we could get the Cuban tobacco we could do a pretty good imitation; producing cigars alone is not the problem. It's all in the unique combination of growing conditions found on the island. That's why California Pinot Noir won't taste the same as French Burgundy made with the same varietal grape, all other winer... | [
"It used to be so much worse. I remember getting off the plane in France and being able to light up with one foot off the plane. Restaurants would give each place setting it's own ashtray since it was assumed everyone would be smoking. EU was the last to jump on the bandwagon Also their cigs are not the same as our... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
During WW2 how was post made possible between the UK and Germany? | [
"You go through a neutral 3rd country. For Europe popular choices were Switzerland (usually involving the International Red Cross for sending mail to POWs and civilian internees) and Portugal (for everything else). The British Mail service, in order to avoid appearing to colaborate with the enemy, enlisted the he... | [
"It was hard for them to work together due to the huge geographic distances between them. There were some long range submarine cargo missions, supplying things like rubber and tungsten. And some designs for aircraft ended up in Japan too. When Japan attacked the US, Germany declared war on the US in the hope that J... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about history:"
} |
If images are just data that says what color each pixel should be on screen, then why are some bigger in size than others? | [
"Compression. The maths is a lot more complex and there are multiple ways to do it, but to sum it up, it's like writing that there are \"10,000 consecutive zeroes\" instead of writing \"000000000000....\" (10,000 zeroes). It's kind of like how we write a 9 instead of writing IIIII IIII"
] | [
"It is data in a non-Unicode format (for the sake of file compression) being displayed in unicode. Unicode is the the universal format for plain text. It is why you can download a file from Google drive and view it in Microsoft word and see the same text. But image files do not need unicode because that is for text... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does paying bail/jumping bail work | [
"It's basically like this: In the time between where the suspect is arrested and charged with a crime, until the suspect has been sentenced to time in prison, community service, etc., that person can under some circumstances be permitted to leave the police station. Usually, somebody has to leave a large sum of mon... | [
"A bail bond is a loan specifically for paying bail. It comes with conditions such as showing up for court appointments. Failure to show allows them to seize property, send bounty hunters, etc to take you into custody and give you back to the police. Some countries do not agree to allowing you to pay bail with a lo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Law and Criminal Justice:"
} |
The origin of stereotypical African-American names (e.g. Shaniqua,Trayvon,Laquisha,etc...) | [
"Steve Levitt (author of Freakenomics and a professor at U. of Chicago) published a paper titled \"The Causes and Consequences of Distinctly Black Names\" which proposes that the naming culture of African-Americans is tied to the black power movement in the 1970's, and was a way for African Americans to express the... | [
"It's a combination of alliteration, rhyming, and generalization. Jane / Joe / John have been used for a long, long time as generic \"everyman\" names. Debbie Downer and Negative Nancy are just alliterative, just like Fucky Frank, Bootylicious Bob, Hangry Heylia, Lascivious Lucy, Oblivious Owen, and Pineapple Pedro... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How common is it for birds to fly into airplane engines? And how do they keep it from happening? | [
"Planes usually fly much higher than birds, so bird strikes are only a major problem during takeoff and landing. Airports employ a number of techniques to spook birds away, including noisemakers, repellents, trappers, trained animals, scarecrows, and fake predators. They still happen though, and big geese can do so... | [
"So many reasons: - There's not enough oxygen at aircraft cruising levels to be able to breathe - It's too cold at aircraft cruising levels to be able to survive outside the aircraft - Passengers would need training in how to use the parachute safely - Asking people to use their parachute would cause so much panic ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What does "agent has interest in the property" mean? | [
"> Is this just stating that as an agent they also might make money off the sale because the own it? That is pretty much it. Normally the representing agent gets a few percent commission. In this case they want to disclose a possible conflict of interest, letting you know they have a financial interest that might ... | [
"It's in the original contract you signed usually. \"So and so reserves the rights to revise the terms of the agreement, with or without prior notice to the parties involved\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do bones last so much longer than flesh after we die? | [
"I think most importantly, tissue will be eaten by microorganisms, bones won't. Once all the water evaporates off, bones are ~70% made of a mineral called hydroxyapatite, which isn't going to decompose, at most it'll become fragmented and ground down. Flesh, on the other hand, while mostly water, is made of protein... | [
"we know that it happens to all living things eventually. We also know that from a physiology standpoint death is no different for humans as it is for dogs, or ants, or elm trees."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do the ants take my toenail clippings and what are they doing with them? | [
"Without more information regarding the type of ants that are removing your clippings, it's difficult to say. However, all ants require a diet of sugars and proteins. Nail clippings will contain (especially depending on your level of cleanliness) skin sheddings, oils, etc. To my knowledge, no ants eat keratin (th... | [
"If tigers could hang upside down in your bedroom and climb down on a rope coming out of their asses nobody would talk about spiders"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How did objects that require practice get invented? E.g. why didn't they decide that bicycles weren't usable when they couldn't ride it immediately? | [
"You're thinking of it in the wrong order. When an object is invented, it has a purpose. You already know what it is for. If you want to throw a knife far away, and you work with strings and sticks every day, it's easy to imagine a bow. You will invent the bow. You'll probably be very bad at it at the start but y... | [
"Because balance is a sense like seeing or hearing. Once you learn how to apply it to the mechanics of a bike, there's not a lot of complexity and it's easy to recall. The saying is from the early 20th century. Cars were rapidly changing and horses have their own personalities. Comparatively with bikes, once you'v... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How is needing smoke breaks during work not considered as a drug addiction impacting your ability to focus on your job? | [
"Technically smoke breaks are only legally required within the confines of the official breaks. A company doesn't have to allow extra breaks. But employee morale is something that does need to be considered. This isn't the most karma I've ever had from a post but it is by far the most commented on comment I've ever... | [
"Stop using/taking whatever it is. If the lack of it substantially impacts your functionality, you're addicted"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are some court cases allowed to be filmed, but others aren't? | [
"In the U.S., it very much depends on the state and the individual judges. Some states have bans on recording with cell phones, some allow them with permission of judges. You would have to look up the individual state for the rules. Here: _URL_0_"
] | [
"It happens in a sealed courtroom, basically. Their real identities are not given to the jury."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do apps like Shazam work? | [
"It takes the sample of music and creates a \"fingerprint\" using the different properties of the sound, so it makes a snippet of sound into a bunch of discrete values. It then compares this fingerprint with a large database until it finds a match."
] | [
"Most companies want you to pay streaming fees for services like Apple Music and google play."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we have nuclear ships and nuclear submarines, but no nuclear aircraft? | [
"They did think about it during the Cold War, but it was just too impractical - _URL_0_ . Heavy reactor, and heavy shielding for the crew would make it very hard to get something with enough power to fly. Plus it became somewhat pointless when ICBMs were devised."
] | [
"Fighter jets are air breathing. There is no air in space. For the same reason, there's no sonic boom in space either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do they call it elevator music if there never really is any music in elevators? | [
"In some old buildings they do have music in the elevator still. It was always cheesy inoffensive \"muzak\"."
] | [
"you might be like me in that you don't know the best way to put what you are trying to say into words because of all the thoughts running through your head. that's my 2 sense"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Speech and Language:"
} |
why do rainbows split so cleanly into 7 distinct colours? Why isn't there a gradient or some sort. | [
"The idea that the rainbow can be divided into seven colours was invented by Isaac Newton. The rainbow is a smooth sequence of all the possible primary colours - colours representable by a single frequency of light. There are in fact an infinite number of frequencies in that range. But there are also other colours ... | [
"Adding salt to water actually makes it boil at a higher temperature, not a lower temperature. But it takes a lot of salt to considerably change the temperature, adding something like 5 teaspoons of salt to a pint of water will raise the boiling point of water from 212°F to 213°F. Also ROYGBIV isn't quite incorrect... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why Couldn't we create a machine to just split CO2 down to its component atoms? | [
"This can actually be done, but it's not energy efficient. CO2 is like a dude laying in a bed after a threesome with two Swedish supermodels. He already blew his energy load, so if you want to get him away from the likely pinnacle of his sex-like, you're going to have to put in a lot of effort from an outside sour... | [
"To add to the question - does the number of protons an atom have affect the conversion to pure energy? So what would it take to convert iron to pure energy compared to helium?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is it so much easier to fall asleep in a napping scenario and so difficult to fall asleep for a night's rest? | [
"You take a nap because you are already tired before engaging in the nap. You go to bed at night because you know you need to in order to have enough energy for the next day. So sleeping because you want to vs. because you are supposed to."
] | [
"Oh, it is entirely possible to be tired enough that you fall asleep early at home and thus wake up earlier than you intended. The thing is, though, usually people don't just fall asleep at random. It usually is in an inconvenient spot! So even if tired, a person will typically only fall asleep when they actually g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it a negative thing to be over-qualified for a job? | [
"If you're overqualified for a job, there's a good chance you'll leave when something better comes along. Employers prefer stability, particularly because some jobs have a cap on how high a person can perform."
] | [
"More money is always the answer, but that's not the question. Why this particular job instead of the thousands of other jobs on the job listing site? Why did you apply for this job, what about this job or company interests you? Why are you qualified enough to get this job. etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is emulation so difficult? Especially sound | [
"Emulators take the instructions from the game that were originally intended to be interpreted by the console, they then have to find a way of mimicking these behaviors on a modern computer. This is very difficult, not only do you have to learn how the game worked based off the assembly instructions (very low level... | [
"They are emulated(emulation is a complex topic beyond ELI5, I suggest you research it if interested) to produce the original system's specs. Thus, they will have the same performance. This can be mitigated on PC, but most emulators retain this to retain the effect of the originals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about videogame development:"
} |
How come NES as SNES games still look great to me after 20-25 years yet early Xbox 360 games seem dated and just generally bad? | [
"It's not nostalgia. It's the \"uncanny valley\" effect. S/NES games use 2D sprites. They look artistic, not realistic. Meanwhile, most 3D games try to look realistic rather than artistic. But older 3D games weren't advanced enough to actually look realistic, so they end up in this awkward middle ground with people... | [
"It wasn't that it was so far ahead in graphics it was the fact it was pushing the limitations of the hardware at the time. There was always YouTube videos of people boasting maxed out Crysis videos and if you could you were a madman. Xbox360 and ps3 were relatively new at the time and its hardware limitations mean... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do they make clean rooms super clean? | [
"As much as I understand is that they have crazy air filters. Plus everything that goes in gets cleaned, everyone that gets in is being sucked off from dust before entering. I know one of the methods to clean the air from dust is with electric charge that \"pulls\" the dust like a magnet."
] | [
"Because they're the easiest to clean - with bleach."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What's the difference between muscle implants and transplants. Is it possible to have a fully functioning pectoral muscle implanted/transplanted? | [
"the word implant generally refers to non-organic things put inside the human body. muscle implants are much like breast implants but to make your muscles look bigger. muscle transplants are different. transplant means something taken from someone else, or somewhere else on the body. muscle implants generally don't... | [
"Those organs will have to be split into two and then fashioned into separate organs. The stomach and bladder are basically just balloons. They can take half of each and make them into two separate stomachs and bladders. The liver isn't a hollow organ like that, but can still be split. In normal liver donation, up ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why, unlike other nineteenth century accessories like stocks and monocles, are neckties not yet obsolete when they have no particular purpose? | [
"They have always been decoration / fashion items not functional items. Monocles are replaced by glasses, contacts and laser eye correction as vision aides. You don't need to keep your pants up with suspenders any more since elastic waistbands and belts generally replace them. you don't need to keep your socks up w... | [
"The tie was first used by Croatian mercenaries fighting for Louis the XIII in the 1600's. At the time it had a function besides being an accessory, and that was wiping sweat or blood from your forehead. Some soldiers wore it over their shirts, which had no collar but some wore it plain and thus one might come to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a trust fund? | [
"Daddy or Mommy puts money in the bank which you can only use when you reach a certain age OR do certain things. Imagine Brewsters millions : _URL_0_ Edit : To include Mommies everywhere"
] | [
"How is this different from a standard mutual fund?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do animals jump in front of cars? | [
"I want to know why birds seem to fly right in front of cars directly across the road. I'm pretty sure it's a game they play to see who can get closest without getting hit. \"Yo Tweety, you're up on this tractor trailer. Bet you can't graze the grill with your wing\". Bam."
] | [
"Because deer notice things differently than people do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Animals:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Animals:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do my mental emotions feel physically painful, especially in my chest? | [
"It's because mental emotions cause the same physiological responses as physical pain would cause you. The fight/flight response increases the rate of flow to the heart, changes your breathing etc, so it makes sense that your brain associates that sense of fear/anxiety with physical pain. The more that you allow t... | [
"It feels better not to be conscious. It's also physically exhausting to be depressed. People forget that depression has physical symptoms, not just psychological symptoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do tennis players makes a great deal on selecting which ball to serve? | [
"Newer (or 'unfluffy') balls move faster through the air than older balls that have fluffed up. So depending on their preference, players will choose the ball (fluffy or unfluffy) that will give them the biggest advantage. For example, a player whose game revolves around retrieving (keeping the point going for as l... | [
"A large area for discussion is how you tackle and intentionally hitting in ways to cause more pain. Lot rule bending in there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What causes evolution? | [
"Evolution by natural selection is caused by variation in traits and arithmetic. Organisms have natural variation in their traits. The ones that have traits that allow them to survive and reproduce better than other organisms will leave more surviving offspring than other individuals that do not have that trait."
] | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why aren't things like Caffeine or Nicotine Scheduled (controlled) substances? | [
"I think it's not controlled in this way because caffeine and nicotine in themselves are not harmful and extremely difficult to overdose on in their \"natural\" form. By that I mean, the amount of caffeine in tea or coffee and the amount of nicotine in tobacco. They also have less of an effect. Caffeine and nicotin... | [
"From their site: Please note that we do not prescribe narcotics or pain medications, that have been designated as U.S. Controlled substances as a Schedule I, II, III or IV drug. Sounds like they can do antibiotics and the like, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is PETA doing wrong? | [
"### [Penn and Teller Bullshit! - P.E.T.A.](_URL_0_) (youtube video, NSFW)"
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do my cheerios make a "crackling" sound in my milk? | [
"When you pour milk into your bowl, the cereal absorbs the milk. As milk flows into the crispy kernel, the liquid puts pressure on the air inside and pushes it around. The air shoves against each pocket’s walls until they shatter, forcing out a snap, or a crackle, or, as you, know, sometimes a pop."
] | [
"I always thought it was your salivary glands going totally nuts for a second because they know it's about to be on like donkey kong. Whenever I have a bag of sour rope candy, just thinking about eating it is like opening the flood gates of saliva."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the U.S. continue to lead the world as a superpower and in STEM fields despite having a broken, failing education system as evinced by decades of studies and test scores. | [
"* The US has an excellent post-secondary education system, by many measures the best in the world * Relative US power and economic pre-eminence change slowly (and are changing) and depend on more than just the relative education of its citizens * The US system is poor on average, but very strong at the top and ter... | [
"JFK was elected in 1960. Recognizing the importance of the \"space race,\" and the significance of scientific and technological development, immediately began a program of fostering education at all levels. Science and technology flourished, and US education became even more globally famous for excellence. Unfortu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do people make computer viruses? | [
"For many reasons: * To steal information * To steal money * To trick you into viewing ads (which gets them money) * To use your computer for some purpose against your will (to attack a website) * To show that you can do it (to show off)"
] | [
"They do, its just that there are a lot more Windows PCs out there. The entire purpose of a Virus on a computer is to cause as much trouble as you can before anti-virus updates and eliminates it. Ergo, if you want to cause as much trouble as you can, you write it for windows, not OSX or Linux. There are plenty of e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do Sugar Babies (the candy) feel more and more gritty the longer I chew them? | [
"Because as you chew them, you are changing the hard-ish sugar/wax coating from big pieces into grit that gets mixed up with the softer inside part."
] | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If I touch my forehead skin with my fingers, which touch feel will be received faster into my brain? | [
"The sensory information from your forehead will reach your brain faster, however, you will perceive both sensations as occurring at the same time. The reason why signals from your face reach your brain faster is because they have much less distance to travel. Somatic (touch) information enters the brain through on... | [
"I have read that the saliva in your mouth is a very strong pain killer rivaling morphine in potency. This may or may not be accurate coming from the internet as the source. The reason for the bumpy feeling (when you rub it against other objects is because your nerves are expecting to connect however one set is not... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
With some modern smartphones being able to record video at 4k and 60fps, why do film makers still use the huge and expensive cameras? | [
"There is much, much more to do with an image than resolution and framerate. An 8mpx photo taken by a good photographer on a $200 Nikon D40 is going to blow away any picture taken by a 41mpx Nokia. You also can't put on different lenses, the sensor is much smaller giving you virtually no control of depth of field, ... | [
"Depends on exactly what you mean by \"look different,\" but it's probably camera/film quality. Documentary film makers can only carry around so much. They likely go with full digital instead of film, and lighter, more durable cameras over high quality ones. Shows that film often and never re-air, like the news, So... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Media:"
} |
Why do carbonated beverages have streams of bubbles coming from seemingly nowhere? | [
"The bubbles are carbon dioxide gas. The gas is initially dissolved in the liquid, like you would dissolve salt or sugar in water. However, as pressure and temperature decrease, gases become less good at being dissolved - they become less soluble. This causes some of the dissolved gas to be converted to normal carb... | [
"Gasses are more soluble in a liquid like water when it is really cold, and its solubility goes down as temperature increases. In hot water, a lot of those dissolved gas bubbles have left the water, whereas in cold water, the gas bubbles stay dissolved in the water easily. Thats why you see more bubbles in cold wat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How or where in the evolutionary process did the separation happen between warm and cold blooded animals? What mechanism does it involve? | [
"A key mechanism is going from a three-chambered heart to a four-chambered heart. In a three-chambered heart, one side receives freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs, the other deoxygenated blood from the body. In the third chamber the two are mixed together and pumped into the rest of the body. With a fourth cha... | [
"There is a lot of debate on the subject. And it very strongly depends on what you define as a creature. Evolution from microbes and proteins in the ocean is the answer to where larger creatures come from. Where the proteins came from is up for debate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does freezing an item (like clothes) remove odors? | [
"The odor is caused by bacterial secretions, and freezing the clothes kills some or most of the bacteria. However, with only freezing your clothes you're left with bacterial carcasses throughout your clothes which is pretty gross IMO. Wear the skin of your enemies, I guess."
] | [
"Because the package is filled with a certain gas that prevent bacteria growth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Food storage:"
} |
How do live closed captions work? | [
"If you're talking about on TV it isn't *actually* live. There is still a delay, but yet I would assume someone is still typing fairly quickly, or they are using a damn good translation service."
] | [
"Most companies want you to pay streaming fees for services like Apple Music and google play."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how did sugar go from something so valued to something so available we talk about how bad it is in food | [
"A) modern industrial farming & the ability to *quickly* move product from the tropical areas where sugar grows to population centers made sugar an easily obtainable commodity over the last 100-150 years B) We figured out how to take our ridiculous surplus of dirt-cheap subsidized corn and turn it into dirt-cheap h... | [
"Because your base desires override your couscous thoughts. If my body has a choice of drinking something that is just water, or something that contains a lot of sugar, an energy source that has been hard to obtain for the overwhelming majority of human development, my body is going to choose the sugar. Remember s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Food and Beverage:"
} |
Why doesn't someone just start another currency called BotCoin? | [
"They have, most notably \"LiteCoin\" and \"PPCoin\". One imagines, though, that the success of private digital currencies will diminish as more are created, especially if they're being created as get-rich schemes for their creators."
] | [
"Are you talking about Bitcoin, or something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What it means when a central bank imposes NEGATIVE interest rates | [
"When negative interest rates are imposed, the costs of *storing* money becomes higher than actually having to *spend* it. It's weird when we think about it as consumers, but basically that's the economist's inflationary tool to keep investment and liquidity flowing in the free market. That -0.25% will now become a... | [
"They're basically the same thing. One is the rate at which UK banks charge each other (interest) for overnight loans. The other is the same thing except what US banks charge each other to do the same thing. This overnight lending rate is what each country's central bank primarily targets when setting interest rate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why Do Fish Schools Form Bait Balls? | [
"\"Bait fish\" are small and can't swim very fast compared to predators such as dolphins, sailfish, etc. Alone and away from the school, they are easily picked off. In a tight ball, the shimmering and flash of the scales, as they move back and forth makes it hard to focus on an individual fish. Each fish tries to g... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why security screws are used in restrooms? | [
"Bathrooms are an extremely common location for vandalism. Graffitti, cutting/scraping/gouging/burning, and general destruction is common. I'm sure that's no surprise to anyone who has ever used public bathrooms. There are people out there that would remove a door, or stall wall, just for a laugh. Everyone else is ... | [
"There is no particular superiority in strength either direction. The majority of things with threads (the grooves on your screws, nuts, fittings, etc.) just happen to be right handed threads. There do exist left handed threads however those are fairly uncommon. Source: I work in oil/gas and see both orientations i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Can drinking salt water when dying of dehaydration help you? | [
"It depends on the amount and kind of salt. I imagine you mean salt like from the table or from the sea. A good thing to remember is, \"The poison is in the dose.\" Even water with nothing dissolved in it (\"pure\") can kill you if you drink too much. So, if the concentration of salt in the water you drink is less ... | [
"I think dehydration is close. If used as an adjective/verb for people it doesn't really imply death, just extreme thirst. You could just say \"death from dehydration.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do I go about setting up a website? | [
"Looks like some scumbag just bought your domain and is asking $150 ransom."
] | [
"It's much easier than setting up a separate tax structure for government employees."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The U.S. holds 18 trillion in national debt; who do we owe this money to and how does it get repaid? | [
"We owe this money to the bondholders -- mostly US citizens and organizations the purchase them as very safe investments. The reason they keep borrowing is that we've never, not once, missed a payment. That's why it's a safe investment. Just like the guy who has never missed a payment of anything in 40 years has an... | [
"It doesn't seem to matter but it does. Technically the U.S. has a great credit score when it comes to paying off its loans. Our total debt is massive, but in the past the US has always paid off what it owes. If the US were to spend without check, it is more and more probable that they would in fact NOT be able to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- Here in Dallas/Ft Worth all of our gas stations are running out of fuel and panic and worry is already setting in. If our nation has a huge stockpile that thy already want to reduce, why can't it be tapped into enough to help the region? | [
"The Strategic Petroleum Reserve stores unrefined fuels, not the refined gasoline like you get at the gas station. For it to be useful, it would need to go to a refinery to turn it into gasoline. And the problem we have right now is that many refineries are shut down right now. So, increasing the supply of crude do... | [
"Someone feel free to correct me if I'm wrong, but my understanding is the Middle East put out so much supply to try and put US companies out of business which if successful they would then jack prices up and get money to themselves."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Economics:"
} |
Why do people hate insurance companies? | [
"It's pretty simple really. You pay them a lot of money to protect you should something happen like a car accident or you get sick. They are some of the richest companies on earth, and they gouge the consumer. If ever you need them they will do everything that they can to invalidate your claim, or at least make ... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are so many people allergic to things like peanuts, treenuts, and shellfish? | [
"I get the impression that OP is asking \"why peanuts/shellfish\" and not \"why so many allergies today\"... none of the responses so far are really answering that question."
] | [
"Peanuts aren't nuts. They are legumes. Being allergic to legumes has no relation to being allergic to nuts."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we shudder and get that weird tingly feeling in our chests after taking a drink of liquor? | [
"Alcohol - especially high-proof alcohol like liquor - irritates the membranes that line your mouth, esophagus, and to some extent the stomach. We interpret this feeling as mild burning. When you take a shot, you're lightly irritating your esophagus the whole way down, which might feel like tingling. Blood may als... | [
"Here's a follow up question: Personally, when I see something that makes me wince, like serious violence, I feel a tingling sensation all over the back of my head. What's the deal with that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Eye Goobers. What bodily function causes it? | [
"It's called [rheum](_URL_0_). Short of it: Your eyes discharge fluid with stuff in it (mucus, dried skin flakes, etc). While awake, you blink and clear it away. While asleep you don't."
] | [
"Because they do? (Shred the roof of your mouth)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why the commenting was disabled on the "racism alive and well" video currently on the front page. | [
"Popular videos attract hideous comments. YouTube videos attract hideous comments. Racial anything attracts hideous comments. The post was a popular YouTube video about race."
] | [
"Out of curiosity, was this post prompted by the \"Amazing Story\" video on the front page?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
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