query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why can animals drink dirty water where as humans cannot? | [
"Humans can drink dirty water. Until the last century dirty water was just about the only kind of water anyone could get. People often died from waterborne pathogens and pretty much everyone had parasites, but the same is true of most wild animals."
] | [
"It makes them so acidic, salty, or both, that bacteria cannot live in them. Thus they don't rot."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is the point to things like Origami Owl, Scentsy, Paparazzi Jewelry, etc. that use a consultant to sell? | [
"It helps spread the word about the product without costly marketing fees. Consultants earn an income and sell the stuff to their friends and acquaintances. It's a good process for the company because they only have to pay a commission rather than employ people full-time and have to provide benefits."
] | [
"There are two sides to the businesses. The products, and the MLM. Many of the companies sell actual products that people want to buy and will even pay a premium for. My wife buys the lip-sense stuff and swears by it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Finance:"
} |
How do people who colorize photos know what color to make things? | [
"Depends on the source photo. For example old photos with advertisement or firetrucks or uniforms, it can be deduced from modern colors what their original color was. Otherwise the colors are just chosen arbitrarily so that they seem realistic and suitable for the given time the photo was taken."
] | [
"Because the darker colors will show through and it would be impossible to exactly match the color of someones skin and have it last a lifetime."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Are humans still being naturally selected? | [
"Yes! A concrete example of this: There are large areas of Africa, Southern Europe and surrounds where the population has quite a high proportion of people that suffer from sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia sufferers can't transport oxygen around their body as well as people with normal blood cells. This is ob... | [
"> Is it simply because we have not 'selected' and forced the evolution of humans like we have dogs? Yes, that's exactly it. Humans have been breeding dogs for thousands of years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is Australia just NOW getting Netflix? | [
"my country still doesn't have Netflix and probably won't have for a long time, but I still use it with [Hola](_URL_1_)"
] | [
"As a non American, I feel the same about Netflix, Hulu, and until recently Pandora."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is credit and why is it necessary? | [
"* I'd say yes but the better answer is it can be, because people with bad credit will be able to get (very high interest) options that people with no credit might not be able to. * You build credit by getting credit. You have to get a first card from someone, usually a $250 or $500 limit. If you, for whatever reas... | [
"Because that would require businesses to agree not to disclose your credit information and they have no interest in doing that. Also, who is going to loan you money without knowing your past credit history? Edit: typo"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do mechanical pool tables recognize the cue ball? | [
"Pool tables were invented a while back in less enlightened times. There's a white entrance & a coloured entrance."
] | [
"Chalk is applied to the cue to give it better grip, so you can better apply spin to the ball. That and it gives you something to do while the other person is shooting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Since black absorbs light, exactly how much warmer will you be in a black shirt, contra a white one? And also, are black people on average hotter than the rest? | [
"Can I add to you question why women in Arabic countries wear black robes (burqas)? Wouldn't it make more sense to wear white ones?"
] | [
"White is a very neutral color. It won't really 'bother' anyone. Sure, some people will find a red plane or a green one appealing, but many others will dislike it. But who dislikes white? Also, a white color heats up less quickly than e.g. black, reducing the AC costs for the cabin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
difference between a lunar eclipse and a new moon. | [
"A new moon simply isn't being lit by the sun from our point of view. A lunar eclipse has the moon in the earth's shadow. _URL_0_"
] | [
"> location of celestial bodies Yeah, the sun's sorta important."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a Grand Duchess/Duke, who is eligible to become one, and what do they do? | [
"A Grand Duke, is usually the ruling monarch of a minor nation. The title is less of senior Duke and more of a junior King. Small provinces changed hands frequently in Europe, often without changing nobility, and often found themselves as independent states. That noble would find themselves as the head of state, m... | [
"Elizabeth II is the daughter of George IV, the last reigning king of England. She married Prince Phillip, which makes him a regent. You cannot marry a Queen and become king. You have to be in line to secede the previous monarch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do trees produce oxygen in the winter? | [
"1. not all trees drop leaves (eg. conifers) 2. not all regions got cold season where trees need to drop the leaves"
] | [
"ELI5 Answer: Gills absorb oxygen out of the water like lungs absorb oxygen out of the air."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Does bank account with all money which my country hold exist ? | [
"I once heard a guy on the radio who told that he performed transactions on the Dutch government national bank account, account number \"1\" at The Netherlands Bank. For instance, when the Netherlands needs to pay fees to the European Union, it is done from this bank account. I'm not sure if this account \"holds al... | [
"No. You just keep them. Or maybe they pull out the amounts themselves. No action needed on your part. The point is if you can tell them the 2 exact amounts, it's proof you have access to the account - so you're not opening a paypal acct with some random bank acct you can't actually access."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Since cats and dogs have multiple offspring at once, are they considered genetic twins? If not, can dogs and/or cats have twins? | [
"yes and or no. So twins are born at the same time and can be identical or fraternal. fraternal twins are genetically siblings, while identical twins have identical DNA. Fraternal twins happen when two separate eggs are released and fertilized very close in time to each other so they both attach to the womb and ar... | [
"Genetically? No. The mother might have 6 separate eggs, and they'll get fertilised by 6 separate sperm from the father. It's exactly as if they had 6 separate individual pregnancies. The genetic similarity between two pups from the same litter is the same as the similarity between two pups from a separate litter b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do trips seem to last longer while going than while coming back? | [
"I feel like it's more because of the anticipation/ possible fear of actually reaching your destination. After you arrive and do what you're there to do I'd say the journey back to where you came from is spent more thinking about what you did. Example: An 8 year old on its way to Disneyland (no sponsorship intended... | [
"Are you sure you're not just falling asleep 30 minutes earlier than you think you are?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are scholarships with ethnicity requirements legal? | [
"It's called affirmative action or positive discrimination. Basically discriminating in favour of certain disadvantaged groups that have possibly suffered as a result of discrimination."
] | [
"Women and other minorities have more social programs available."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does this even work from a structural engineering standpoint? | [
"I can't comment on that specific structure since it could be a cheat such as you described using internal support of some type. However, such a structure is possible in theory. It is a complex looking version of an arch. Notice how the bricks are higher in the middle? Those bricks rest on the ones below them ju... | [
"Before I write stuff for this, can you maybe give a bit of background on how much you know about atomic orbitals themselves?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Japan, a country spread across multiple Islands so much more united than the UK, a country spread across multiple Islands. | [
"They both *did* have regional identities. The difference is that the UK said \"Ok, you can be Scottish, whatever, as long as you help with the Empire and whatnot\", but the Japanese said \"No. You are Japanese. This is your culture. Now speak Japanese and follows Japanese customs. Do it.\" There are benefits and d... | [
"When used in the context of being a continent it includes Australia. Otherwise it just refers to a region of islands and not a continent."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't car manufacturers make windshields coated with hydrophobic surfaces so that water rushes off and leaves it dry instead of windshield wipers? | [
"To my knowledge, there are no optically clear hydrophobic coatings. additionally, they may not leave the windshield as clear as you might hope to. and it would likely wear off with the constant sandblasting of highway dust. cant wipe away snow, cant use washer fluid. all that aside, good luck convincing the regula... | [
"There is a drastic difference in air temperature between the inside of your car and the outside air. This temperature difference meets at your windshield. This causes moisture in the hot air to condense into dew or fog on your windshield. To counteract this you turn on your defroster to blow hot air on the windshi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Automotive technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Automotive technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do the Japanese, who are known for having a conservative culture, seem to have such outlandish media? | [
"Living in a rather stiff culture often drives those who decide to break out do so with gusto."
] | [
"I can't give a clear cut answer, but the more I get to know a few Japanese friends the more I realise Japanese culture is actually very different to other western cultures. The whole perspective on life seems to be different."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why we need people to represent us in the government when we have technology to do otherwise? | [
"Time. QQ before I begin - without going to Google, who is your rep in the House? Your Senator? Your city commisoner? I'm going to guess you got at least 2 of those wrong. Bills which are being considered for vote can be thousands of pages long. There are dozens of those bills being considered everyday in committee... | [
"The hope is that people more civil and open minded will replace the people in power at some point."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Principle vs law vs theory vs theorem | [
"**Law** - a statement based on experimental observations. Laws don't offer explanations. They just state what has been observed repeatedly. They often involve equations. **Theory** - a theory offers an empirical explanation of the world. It is tested through repeated experiments and observations. A theory also off... | [
"Not really an explanation, but here's an interesting way to put it: Pre-modern: This is the truth. Modern: We can find the truth. Post-modern: There is no such thing as truth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does a cut Christmas tree "drink" water if it's dead? | [
"Because the tree isn't dead yet, it's in the process of dying"
] | [
"Absorbing moisture from the air. They're just getting soggy very slowly. And the more humid it is, the faster they'll go stale."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can a US execution end up costing $3 million? | [
"The injection itself isn't the issue, it's the perpetual legal battles which will happen in the three decades which will pass before the execution takes place. Appeals filed by the criminals awaiting execution need to be processed and addressed. Lawyers and court systems will be tied up for years, and all of that ... | [
"Someone is willing to pay $50,000 for it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does snoring work? | [
"> Can i tell if i'm snoring? For the most part, no. Even if it suddenly wakes you up, you're unlikely to initially realize that you were woken by the sound of your snoring. > How does snoring work? Snoring is the sound produced when air passes through your pharynx while it's not fully open. In other words the par... | [
"Can you not get an erection in space?!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
In places on Earth where the Sun doesn't set for many months, do plants keep doing photosynthesis for the entire period the Sun is up? | [
"Yes! This is why world record cabbages (and other vegetables) are often grown in Alaska with permanent or near-permanent sunlight. The combination of midnight sun and relatively mild temperatures allows for longer periods of photosynthesis and greater growth. When the temperature gets too high however, photosynthe... | [
"Because the seasons are based mostly on the temperatures. The coldest day of the year isn't actually the shortest day of the year, because it takes time for the sun to start heating things up again. Likewise, the longest day of the year isn't the hottest because the earth retains that heat for a while and the days... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens to the body when we (men) get "blue balls", is there another scientific name for it, and why does it hurt so bad? | [
"It's called vasocongestion and happens when blood is \"pooled\" up in vessels in your scrotum/testicles. When aroused blood rushes down there and if there is no release, the blood stays and swells the area. I get it very easily, sometimes just cuddling next to a pretty girl for a bit (unless I crank down before we... | [
"I think it's because there isn't as much blood in ur hands because the warmth is needed in more important organs, so there is less protection around nerves?? I'd like to know if I'm wrong though"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
Why do some construction projects take so long? | [
"Manpower is crazy expensive. It is by far the most expensive part of almost any construction project. If 100 guys can do in an hour what 10 guys can do in 9 hours, you hire the 10 guys. Every truck in that video has a driver in it who is spending most of his time sitting around waiting for the other trucks to get ... | [
"Scientific advancements in ER the past few decades still don't change the fact it costs a ton of money to go out there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If all fingerprints are unique and earth has 7 billion people. How is it possible that there are 7 billion unique fingerprints? Are the possibilities infinite? Before we are born, how does our DNA know our fingerprint isn't being used by another person? | [
"First off, DNA doesn't directly affect fingerprints in the way you might think. Fingerprints are the result of chemical reactions in the womb; this is why identical twins have different fingerprints. There are way, way more than 7 billion different combinations. Many estimates put it in the 10^20 range or higher. ... | [
"It depends, if you mean will someone else's fingerprint ever register as someone else's, then there is a possibility due to how accurate the fingerprint scanner and software is. If you mean whether two different people will have at least one 100% identical fingerprint, I don't think so."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is vevo, and why do all the music you tubers use it? | [
"**TL;DR** In order to avoid legal troubles of posting music companies' content on their website (Youtube), Google set up VEVO so music companies could control their monetization. [Link](_URL_0_) to a response by a YouTube software engineer who worked on the Vevo launch. > Youtube/Google was in danger of being sue... | [
"I thought it was the new Google plus thing that made them mad ? Also I don't know of any you tubers leaving because of it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When you get married, does power of attorney automatically go to your spouse? | [
"If you both die, your things would go to any kids you may have. If you don’t have kids, your property would go into probate and parents of both of you would have a chance to petition the court for your estate. A simple will prevents this. You can prepare a simple will very easily online and prevent that from happe... | [
"It depends on the laws of the specific location, but usually, in the US at least, the only person that might have to assume debt is your spouse, if the debt was incurred while you were married. Generally debt doesn't pass on to kids or other family members."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Meth more pervasive in suburbs/rural communities and Heroin in more urban ones? | [
"I do not know if that is true, but I do know making meth stinks up to high heavens, so areas with low population densities are easier for hiding its production. Heroin needs to be shipped from more or less tropical areas, so if you're shipping it anyway, might as well bring to areas with high population density as... | [
"Urban refers to developed/city areas, as opposed to rural/countryside areas. It is sometimes a euphemism for black culture because there was a series of large migrations of black people from rural areas to urban ones, leading to large urban areas dominated demographically by african americans, such as seen in cert... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is it that Americans spend the most per student out of any other nation, yet there are constantly problems with school budgets? | [
"infrastructure, teacher salaries, pensions, but probably mostly that there is vast differences in school budgets since they are tied to property taxes. affluent areas skew the average, while the districts with financial troubles are typically in the poorest areas."
] | [
"Before, when fewer people went to school, the government paid for more of your education. Now, more people attend school, the government pays less per student, insurance is higher, school administrators are paid more."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is Mozart considered the greatest ever musical genius? | [
"Highly, highly subjective... But much of it would be attributed to his exceptional gifts at an insanely young age. When you and I were learning how to tie our shoes he was transcribing hour long choral works in the back of a carriage ride home. So a lot of Mozart's \"hype\" for lack of a better word (not that he ... | [
"\"Classical Music\" actually refers to music produced between 1750 and 1820. Russia and Europe were the cultural centers in these days, and thus they produced most of the memorable popular music for the time period. Sort of like asking \"Why does it seem like most of the big musical hits from the 50's were Americ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Restarting a computer | [
"In a modern computer, the whole system is on the entire time during the reset. Telling the computer to reset makes it to go through the shut down process unmounting drives and the like, but at the end it doesn't tell the power supply to turn off as it would when pushing the power button. Instead, it orders the CPU... | [
"It could be a variety of things: Stuck in a loop Waiting on a program or server to respond It's slow and actually calculating something"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is there only one speed of sound? If I shout louder, why is there not more energy leading to a faster speed? | [
"Think of throwing a rock in some water. The ripples made move outward at a given speed. Throw a much bigger rock (more energy) and the waves are much bigger but again propagate (move) outward at the same speed. Similar to sound. And light. A bigger light... Say a million candlepower spotlight, doesn't go any fa... | [
"It's the reverse effect of why you, when stationary, hear a whoosh when something zips by you! The whoosh sound is made from displaced air, the faster the displacement the greater the sound. Sound is caused by motion, after all. Ever heard of a sonic boom? When you break the speed of sound, things get... Loud... A... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do most big birds fly away when they see a human but small birds don't really care? | [
"Big birds are, ironically, in more danger. The bigger the bird, the longer it takes them to get airborn, and the more likely they are to be on the menu. Small animals generally aren't worth the trouble to catch, especially because they're light and fast. The little birds aren't afraid of you because they know they... | [
"The light often looks like a small quick animal zipping around, like a mouse or an insect. This triggers predatory instincts in some predators. They don't actually know why they do it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
- movies getting awards before they even play in theatres | [
"Critics get to see review showings of movies before they're released to general audiences in the theaters."
] | [
"Avatar would probably still win because there are more people on the planet now from when Gone With the Wind was originally in theaters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
as a non american - santa's race? what's up with that? | [
"> i guess he is whatever race the dad impersonating him for his kids is is Yep. The original article by a black woman pointed out that Santa is a fictional character and can be (and has been) portrayed as belonging to any race, then maybe there should be more diverse portrayals in the US media since the non-white ... | [
"i have no clue what's happening, all i'm hearing is a lotta angry people and bad press. Hoping there's 2 sides to every story. Also who's australia in debt to anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What causes the "fingernails on a blackboard" sensation? Why does it feel so horrible? | [
"The amygdala is to blame for the cringe. The amygdala associates emotions to memories and stores them in long term memory (hippocampus). There's two theories, one evolutionary, and one physiological. Evolutionary Theory: The sound resembles a cry of alarm at some point in the evolutionary lane. Physiological Theo... | [
"Related question: why does it feel so GOOD to crack a joint? There's like a palpable relief sensation, what causes that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How does the WiFi in the new Chevy cars work? I mean they have to be using a wireless network right? | [
"The car has a computer that connects to the cellular data network. This computer then acts as a router and shares the connection out over wifi. The wifi is locked down so only people you want to connect can connect."
] | [
"I honestly think it's just a gimmick to get you to buy yet another data plan. OnStar, for example, is really just a cellular modem using AT & T's network. When you call an advisor or have an emergency call, it's just a phone call. When you have the 4G hotspot feature, it's just re-broadcasting wifi like your smart... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does lightning often occur in 'double strikes'? | [
"Lightning first comes down in a flurry of haphazard lines trying to find the path of least resistance to the ground. This is called the lead. When the lead finds the path to the ground, you can see a very quick flash move up the lead into the cloud. This return stoke is the full strength of the lightning strike tr... | [
"If a lightning strike is a sufficient distance from the observer, sound from the strike will not be heard. These silent bolts are called heat lightning. Lightning bolts produce thunder, but the thunder sound does not travel all the way to the observer if the observer is too far away."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Aside from illuminati (?). Why is there an all seeing eye, pyramid, and 'new world order' on US currency? | [
"The \"New World Order\" was supposed to represent the rise of the United States as a global power."
] | [
"They are rich, but the wealth has shrunk and divided with each other. No 1 member of the family owns it all anymore. As for the hate they often are tied into the conspiracies like the Rockefellers or other wealthy families from the Industrial Revolution. From Illuminati, New World Order, to Reptilian Aliens, the t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some commercials play for a split second and then get skipped? Wouldn't the advertiser get upset? | [
"Those flashes of commercials occur in situations where your local station is showing different commercials than the national broadcast that they're receiving. Sometimes the timing gets off, and you get a small snippet of the national broadcast commercial before your station overrides it with their local feed. And ... | [
"If they had commercials at different times, you could just switch to another channel instead of watching commercials. And that wouldn't really benefit the channel you switch to because you can do the same again when their commercials come on. So all channels benefit from keeping their commercials roughly in sync w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are all drugs "bad"? Why can't there be a drug that gives intense pleasure/euphoria (heroine, coke etc) but has 0 adverse effects? | [
"Drugs create highs by manipulating chemicals our bodies produce normally. Frequent drug use can change the way our bodies produce and utilize these chemicals, causing our bodies to produce too much or too little. There is no perfect drug because any substance usage takes our bodies out of chemical equilibrium, cau... | [
"> but how exactly does THC do this? \"Cannabinoid receptors are activated by a neurotransmitter called anandamide. Anandamide belongs to a group of chemicals called cannabinoids. THC is also a cannabinoid chemical. THC mimics the actions of anandamide, meaning that THC binds with cannabinoid receptors and activate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why does looking at the sun hurt your eyes but indirectly not so much? | [
"Ask your best friend to place their mouth directly in front of your right ear hole and say your name loudly. Then, ask them to place their mouth at your left ear and do the same thing--only this time, instead of having their mouth facing directly at your ear hole, have their mouth face the tip of your nose. Which... | [
"It MAY cause eye strain which could be a temporary annoyance, or cause a headache. But no long term damage can/will come of it. Simply put, your parents said that because if you were to close to the TV, it makes it harder for others to see."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
With pets like dogs and cats, why can't their lifespan get longer with modern medicine and diet like us? | [
"They have. When you consider 9 years - > 14 that's a massive increase in life expectancy. Do you expect humans to be able to double their life expectancy? Of course not, however a 20-30% increase over a few hundred years to maximize our potential? Reasonable - and this is what we've seen with pets."
] | [
"If you aren't at risking of starving to death, getting killed in a war, or dying from simple injuries like a cut or a broken bone, you'll live a lot longer. Modern medicine, agriculture, sanitation, and infrastructure all go a long way to prolonging the average human life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does Queen Elizabeth have any power in regards to affecting any Canadian laws? | [
"The UK government? No. The Queen? Yes, she's the Queen of Canada and her royal assent is required for any bill to pass into law and the government of Canada including the Prime-Minister serve at her pleasure. Her appointed representative to which she 'chooses' to defer in all matters is the Governor General of Can... | [
"Can an executive order be challenged by the either of the other two branches?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Medical vs. Dental: Why is there a difference? If your teeth are part of the human body why is dentistry kept completely separate -- even requiring separate insurance? | [
"Right. Same with vision. Separate insurance for that too."
] | [
"Pregnant women qualify for Medicaid, which is paid for by the government, if they do not have insurance. The Medicaid cuts off for the woman after the child is born, but will continue to cover the child until it's 18 years old if the mother cannot get health insurance for the family from a private insurance compan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why the Dalai Lama was exiled? | [
"The Dalai Lama left Tibet after that territory was incorporated into the People's Republic of China. The Dalai Lama is considered an enemy by the Chinese government because of the Lama's pursuit of a Tibet independent from China."
] | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
I dont know if this was asked already but could someone please explain the Bridgegate scandal and the big deal Chris Christie? | [
"I'm going to use the word \"allege\" because the investigation is ongoing. There is a town on the New Jersey side of the George Washington bridge called Fort Lee. It is alleged that because the mayor of Fort Lee did not endorse Chris Christie in his campaign last year, Christie's staff arranged a fabricated \"tra... | [
"I live outside of US, so I have absolutely no idea about that case. Can somebody briefly explain me it and why it caused so much hype?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Law and Criminal Justice:"
} |
How does Palmer Lucky and the people who started Oculus make money after the acquisition from Facebook? Do they get a part of the profit of the rift? Do they get a salary? | [
"The terms of their sale are probably confidential, however I'm certain they get to keep most of the money they made from FB (since they were privately owned and funded). I suspect they'll get paid in a combination of cash and FB stock, and they'll probably get a salary in more FB stock."
] | [
"> so does he have an authority to just get $100M from the business? No. Zuckerberg has a duty to the shareholders, especially since Facebook is publicly traded. If he tried to have Facebook buy the house and put it on Facebook's books, the shareholders could file a lawsuit against him, or at a minimum have him fi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it that over the past decade or so, processor clock speeds havent gotten substantially faster, like 10ghz or anything. Still see mostly, 2ghz to 3.5ghz. We jam in more cores, but speeds seem to be more or less the same? | [
"For years the processing power for computers have been following Moores law where processing speed doubles about every 18 months and processing power is proportional to the amount of transistors in a chip. However as these transistors gets smaller quantum effects such as tunneling starts to kick in making it very ... | [
"They do make multi processor desktop motherboards, but they cost more than single processor units. These days a single CPU multi core setup provides the same benefits, but at a lower cost, but you can still fork out enough money and get a multi cpu multi core machine. As for using different clocks, they do. Intel ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Where does my local dealer get controlled narcotics like Xanax and Codeine? | [
"I am sure he is not buying them by the case. He is getting them from people who get fraudulent scripts from shady doctors, who then get the drugs from a shady pharmacy, and sell the drugs to him. What's more, oftentimes these folks are on medicaid, so they get the drugs free, and sell them to the dealer at pennies... | [
"From their site: Please note that we do not prescribe narcotics or pain medications, that have been designated as U.S. Controlled substances as a Schedule I, II, III or IV drug. Sounds like they can do antibiotics and the like, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it that restarting a computer fixes the problem most of the time? | [
"A lot of problems are caused by errors with things stored in RAM. Restarting a computer wipes your RAM, and reloads all needed files from the hard drive."
] | [
"I guess for your battery is not that bad. Devices are made to run all the time. What can happen is that your software gets buggy. Normally if you have a software problem, you can shut the phone down and restart it and your problem is solved. But it isn't a problem for the hardware if you never shut your phone down... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What makes a person laugh? | [
"There is no one answer. But a common theme is that it is a release, that comes from a sudden build up of energy. A few things can trigger it. A sudden shift in status. aka A person falling down, Or the queen farting. Or a good joke is generally when two separate ideas collide together quickly. Like... Wife: Honey... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Who decides what country is allowed to do what on the moon/other planets, or is there one institution always having the final word in these decisions? | [
"This is determined by the [Outer Space Treaty](_URL_0_), which was signed in 1967. In short, this treaty (signed by 107 countries currently) says that nobody will put nuclear weapons in orbit/space, and that nobody can claim moons/planets/etc for their own country. Space politics aren't explicitly policed by any o... | [
"The reason it isn't banned world wide is that there is no governing body for the entire world and no enforcement agency that could legally enforce any sort of international treaty on it. This means that the countries with the animals are the governing body over those animals, and it is their sovereign right to do ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Space exploration and international relations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Space exploration and international relations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is everything spinning? | [
"Electrons don't orbit nucleus. That's a simplified version of the atom taught in elementary (secondary?) school. (On a slightly unrelated note, electrons do have a property called 'spin', but that is just a name for it, and they aren't usually seen as spinning) As for why do larger structure spin. When things like... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are burn marks more distinct than regular scars and what is the difference? | [
"This - _URL_0_ - is my 3rd degree burn. If I don't stretch it, the colour is pretty normal. I got it in Feb 2012 and it's taken until now to be back to a normal colour and not red. A lot of burns appear to affect a larger surface area, hence more scar tissue is formed to heal the wound."
] | [
"It's not staining, it's pigmentation. It isn't always brown either. It's the same sort of thing that causes the skin around nipples to be a different color than the rest of the skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren't electrical prongs hot when they're removed from an outlet? | [
"Heating occurs when there's a significant amount of resistance. Significant resistance can occur if the material you're using is a poor conductor, or if you're using a conductor that's physically too small. In the case of the prongs of a plug, they're both made of metal (good conductor) and fairly large in size. T... | [
"Son, the best way to charge any electronic device, is to plug the plug thing with the prongs into an electrical outlet generally located on a wall."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Electrical appliances:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Electrical appliances:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do children seem to be better at learning second languages than adults? | [
"There is an area in the brain that is responsible for language processing. It is largely responsible for learning new languages when a person is still young, but becomes \"set\" after a certain age. After that, we can still learn languages, but the part of the brain that most receptive to that is no longer as eff... | [
"Be 5. Once children reach a certain age, physical and chemical changes in their brains make it more difficult to learn a new language. There's no way to reverse those changes and regain the language learning abilities of children. If you are > 10-11 years old, you'll just have to learn the hard way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a clone differ from an identical twin? | [
"Genetically, they don't. In practice, a twin is a birth defect that causes one fertilized egg to grow into two people, and a clone would be a person grown from an already-born person's DNA, probably not taken from their reproductive organs."
] | [
"With current technology, you cannot viably grow a healthy, working organ ready for transplant from stem cells. Maybe in the future though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why are adobe products so expensive? | [
"There are many reasons why: Adobe's softwares are the results of a long time of research and programing, they are to say the least, products of great quality and gives other businesses tools to create their activity and make profit for themselves. Adobe's consumers are mainly businesses and they can afford a larg... | [
"why do mods cringe when people refuse to search the archive?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we know how many troops ISIS (or other organizations) have? | [
"It's like when you ask a guy how many sexual partners he's had- you divide by 3. So when ISIS says they have 60,000 troops it's actually closer to 20,000. Much different then when you ask a woman how many sexual partners she's had- in those cases you MULTIPLY by 3."
] | [
"The entire campaign (over 10 years or so) in Iraq cost the us around $1.7 Trillion. $5.6 billion is comparatively small for a mission there. The troops are going to be sent in to help fight against ISIS (or IS, or ISIL, take your pick) which has taken over parts of Iraq."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If everyone has a different set of tastebuds and we all have different levels of satisfaction/dissatisfaction towards different foods, then how do food critics have a job? Wouldn't their opinion be worthless? | [
"this question could be applied to all forms of critics.......music, movies, tv but trying to answer the question, I'd say think about like the Iron Chef judges, their critique is usually about tenderness, texture, freshness of ingredients, presentation, etc. Stuff that transcends just taste. They are food \"expert... | [
"A meal isn't simply the sum of it's ingredients on a plate. When you mix ingredients, cook food, etc. they undergo chemical reactions that make them entirely different. Of course, there are plenty of things you can throw together that taste bad, so it's not really that the taste buds prefer recipes in general but ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does one hack Gmail and Facebook accounts and how should one protect them to have maximum security? | [
"Typically, it involves guessing the password. Or, if you've re-used the password on a site that isn't as good at security as Google or Facebook, some other site gets hacked and they try the same username/password combination elsewhere. There are two things you can do to really protect yourself. First of all, use a... | [
"Modern phones have cloud technology that saves content on servers owned by the provider. Gaining access to an email and password is relatively easy work for a serious hacker and it would be all you need to access those photos on said servers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why do British people sound British while talking, but sound like they are from America when singing? | [
"When people sing, they tend to enunciate more clearly. This could explain why British people sound more understandable to you when singing. However, there are many British singers who DO use their typical enunciation when singing, and their accent is more identifiable. Take for example the music of Lily Allen, The... | [
"I think it also depends on what British accent you are hearing, cause there are a few. There is the widely recognized ones that people are usually attracted to then there's the the ones that make you wish you could claw your ears out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do all TV channels have the same commercial breaks? | [
"I assume it's so the watcher is more likely to return to their channel if the other channels are on commercial breaks as well."
] | [
"Because there are FCC regulations against using many words on most TV channels but not any against showing planes crashing into buildings."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why was cannabis ever made illegal in the first place? | [
"There are lots and lots of urban legends and rumors surrounding this impetus of the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act, including pressure from pharmaceutical companies and the paper industry. Although these industries benefited from the act, there's no real evidence that these were the primary factors. In reality, the associ... | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do weather sites predict weather 30+ days out? | [
"They don't. Most only do five, some do ten, and ones that have 30+ just run on averages for those days from past years, factoring in any anomalies, like _URL_0_ does. Even the ten day forecasts are quite inaccurate most of the time if you actually pay attention and compare forecast to actual."
] | [
"It means that on others days in the past that had the same conditions as today, (such as temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed, cloud cover, etc,) it rained on about half of them, and on the other half of those days it didn't rain. So because we can only predict future events based on the past, the best ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about weather:"
} |
Why is it more difficult to run for long periods of time when exercises like biking are just as strenuous? | [
"It's all about practice. You use different muscle groups for different kinds of exercise. Running is *really* hard on your body. You're obviously using your leg muscles, but you're using a whole bunch of other muscles that you may not be aware of. Abs, arms, back, neck, they all play into it with running. Bicycl... | [
"Because it is such a normal part of life, you may not realize how much physical effort walking up stairs actually is. Not only that, different muscle groups are focused on when walking up stairs vs. running or doing aerobics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Fitness:"
} |
Why does this picture of Mercury appear to wobble whilst I'm eating something and staring at it? | [
"I have no idea what y'all are talking about. It doesn't wobble for me. I've tried eating something, shaking my phone, doing the thing with your jaw and bringing your teeth together, but I still got nothing."
] | [
"Look at the moon high in the sky. Now spin in a circle; you can make it look whatever orientation you want! You can make it whatever orientation you like depending on where you are on the surface of the planet or moon. Try not to kick yourself too hard."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How can Facebook use face recognition software to correctly name thousands of my friends, yet not one hacker can create a bot to decipher a captcha that has a mix of only 26 letters in it? | [
"Not many photographs on Facebook are deliberately distorted and obfuscated to make the face just barely recognizable by a human, but that's what's done to the text in captchas."
] | [
"They have a database of images and what the answer is. It simply checks to see if your answer matches what the database says the it is. Fun fact with captchas - Google's captchas (which show you 2 words - often one more legible than the other) are only half testing you. The first word (the one that's usually more ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Technology:"
} |
Trying to generate a balanced opinion on chicken factory farming. Are chickens intelligent enough to experience displeasure at how they are farmed? I.e. Do they experience any pain/unhappiness or are they too simple minded for these and "enjoy" convenient feeding followed by a swift death? | [
"I had chickens growing up and now have a backyard flock for eggs and occasional eating. I try not to eat factory farmed chicken. While they are just about the stupidest warm blooded creature on the planet - they can feel pain, fear and certainly react to stressful situations. I kill and eat all kinds of animals - ... | [
"I don't know fif the lobster actually suffers or not, apparently the jury is still out on whether they feel pain, but if they do, the lobster only suffers for a few moments as opposed to suffering its entire life. The industrial treatment of pigs and cattle is ghastly in both its severity and duration."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How can a small country with bad missiles be confident of fighting big countries if it doesn't have people who knows how to occupy and all that it has is its scary missiles? | [
"The same way players with bad hands at poker battle against Big hands. By bluffing. The problem is that in this game of poker, N.Korea already showed the cards. So bluffing + lying + courage. Also it's not \"a small country\" it's more like a small person named Kim Jong-Un. 99% of the population there think that N... | [
"All they need is a fleet of B52's to flattened the whole city. A couple of nukes to flatten the country, so why can't they just destroy a whole city or a country? Because of the civilians, and how the international relations will view their actions. It's easy to kill people, but hard to identify friends from foe."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about current affairs:"
} |
Why is the term "Caucasian" applied to all white people, regardless of whether they came from the Caucasus region? | [
"In the early 1900s it was believed that white people originated in the Caucasus mountains. At the time, the three \"scientific\" classifications were Caucasoid, Negroid, and Mongoloid. (Some people still use mongoloid or \"mongo\" as an insult to this day.) There's no real scientific basis to this, and no way to d... | [
"I think a very important question to ask before answer your question OP, is when Hume says \"white\" who exactly is he referring to? Even today the term \"white\" has very different meanings depending on who or where in the world you ask. Is he referring to people of European descent only? Perhaps just Northern Eu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is the male scrotum always so itchy? | [
"The sperm trying to escape cause this. Female scrotums have no sperms therefore no itch."
] | [
"The body hair prevents chafing from skin rubbing together. Preventing chafing is the main purpose of pubic hair so your legs, butt cheeks, and genitalia don't rub together and get chafed. It's not like scrotum hair ever kept anyone warm in the winter."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How people program "Angry Birds"-like physics and collision detection. | [
"I'm going to make some mock-code here. This is not real code, this is just so you can understand basically what's happening. object Bird { centerX = 50 centerY = 50 width = 20 height = 20 } building.frontEdge = 100 (X coordinate) while (inAir) { centerX = centerX + (whatever physics calculations here) cen... | [
"Some mods require code from other mods. You basically teach the game arithmetic so it can understand algebra."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we love members of our family that aren't our parents? | [
"Because, evolutionarily speaking, they share a good bit of your genetic material. Furthermore, we're a social species. We basically lived in extended family groups for a lot of our history."
] | [
"Because dogs are one of the only things in the world that love their owner more than they love themselves. That is true companionship."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the use of a birth certificate? | [
"It proves you were born here and are a citizen. Without one, and without a record of one, they could try and deport you as an illegal immigrant. It also, you know, proves your age. For age-related things like getting into public school and getting a drivers license."
] | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What exactly makes a 3-in-1 bodywash/shampoo/conditioner different from its individual counterparts (or even the 2-in-1 shampoo/conditioner)? | [
"The fact that it only works as one of those at best. Usually it’s just body wash with maybe some additives and fancy marketing. If you want to treat your skin and hair well, use three separate products that actually do their job. Every persons skin and hair is different and the idea of a one-fits-all and all-in-on... | [
"Not very well, is the short answer. Cosmetics companies did find conditioning chemicals that stay on the hair when used in a 2-in-1, possibly they're more resistant to the cleaning chemicals than natural oils. But they're still not able to match what a separate shampoo and conditioner can do, and product buildup i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why t-shirt companies place their tags that rip a hole in the t-shirt if you take it out and cause discomfort if you dont? | [
"1) So you can't remove the branding for the company 2) it's just how tags are for some people, they don't bother me, but they do some"
] | [
"They are sewed closed so that while they are on display at the store, being moved from rack to rack, and tried on by individuals the item of clothing will keep its shape and possibly not sag. Some people do not use these pockets so they will leave them stitched closed. If you have a need for that pocket though you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What would actually happen to your eyes if you stopped blinking completely? | [
"Your eyes would dry out and crack, become infected, and eventually rot right out of your skull. If it didn't kill you then the open wound would eventually scar over."
] | [
"Is it blinking? Probably a plane. Is it not blinking? Probably a satellite. Is it daytime? Probably glaucoma. Have you gone and rubbed your eyes really hard for a minute? Stop doing that. Is it daytime and the dots are moving in waves? You might have parasites in your eye. Is it daytime and you've recently had las... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If we all have a voice inside our head, at what point does it become a sign of schizophrenia? | [
"When the voice is not your voice. We all know our own inner voice. Imagine an uncontrollable foreign voice speaking in your head. That's schizophrenia."
] | [
"It depends. Being skeptical is actually quite healthy, and there is nothing inherently wrong with questioning what people tell you. However when it gets to the stage where an individual refuses to accept something despite a plethora of evidence being shown to them, there is potential there for a mental illness. If... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The concept of white privilege to someone like me who is not white | [
"White privilege does not mean that ever single white person enjoys advantages over every single person of other ethnicities. It's mostly referring to two things: * White neighborhoods are, in general, better off economically than minority communities - and tend to receive better education/police services. * Racis... | [
"Almost any photo I see of an organization that is mostly black has some white folk in it. I think that what you refer to as black organizations are open to everyone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What happens at the molecular level when a paper is cut by a scissor? | [
"I'm not sure how to word this given the limitation of a molecular level explanation, but you could say that the scissor's force is strong enough such that the electrons of the scissors repel the electrons of the paper enough to form a cut."
] | [
"An adhesive mixed with an ester (a chemical that can smell like various organic substances, such as strawberries) is stuck onto a piece of paper. Then, the smelly area is sprayed with an easily-scratched substance, which also blocks the scent until the smelly patch is uncovered."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How are rock songs constructed? | [
"> How exactly does the guitar interact with the bass, rhythm and vocals. Generally speaking, one instrument (most often the guitar) plays a lead melody, while all other instrumentation and vocals play harmonically-compatible parts which *support* that melody. On their own these supportive instruments do not play p... | [
"How successful have you been with everything but YouTube?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Creatures like hermit crabs and snails thay move from shell to shell through their lives | [
"Snails don't change shells, they make their own. Hermit crabs will find abandoned shells from other animals, shells of dead animals, or will often kill snails to take their shells."
] | [
"The mystery was recently solved so you ask at the right time. Long story short birds that migrate make breaks at lakes. Fertilized fisheggs get stuck at their feet and then carried to another lake whee they develop into fish! It's cool"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why don't I notice myself falling asleep? | [
"Your brain shuts down most functions while going into sleep mode. The function we're most interested in here is the long term memory. For example can you remember the dreams you had the last 7 days? How about last night? Probably not. You do however typically remember those dreams right as you wake up. It kind of... | [
"You mean like the ones you only notice when you're watching someone sleep really closely for hours on end? Don't know."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why are archers in movies instructed to fire all at once? | [
"Well usually we see it in movies in the context of the first volley against a force moving towards the wall. In that case the commander can simply say 'on my mark' if they want the arrows to start only when the enemy forces are close enough to get a reasonable hit on with the arrows. Also it's a lot more devastati... | [
"The purpose of the close formations isn't \"tactical sense\", it's to make good pictures. Your question is sorta like asking: \"Why do all the Cadets at Westpoint stand tightly bunched during graduation, won't they just get taken out by an artillery barrage?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how do we determine currency conversions? | [
"This was asked before: _URL_0_ See if that post answers your question."
] | [
"That absolute values of currencies dont really matter, what matters is if they increase or decrease in value compared to other currencies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Internet Service Providers. | [
"The internet isn't \"one thing\", it's actually a number of computer networks that has decided to work together. Each ISP runs their own part of the internet. So if I send this message from Sweden to the reddit servers in the US it first goes to my local ISP but they only deal with local stuff so they hand it over... | [
"Bot explained how bots work. Thank you Internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is it not long after you wake up, it's very difficult to remember the more interesting dreams you had? | [
"Memories created in dreams almost immediately gets mixed up. They are created when the part of your brain that handles common logic isn't operating. The moment you wake up and that part of your brain starts to work on all of last night's memories to make sense of it all. The thing is how do you know that what you ... | [
"I have a sense of the passage of time asleep. But maybe a more accurate answer is because your brain is not entering what you experience into short-term memory, so you experienced things, you just don't remember experiencing anything. If you leave a note next to your bed telling you to try and remember what you dr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
why do girls or guys put naked pictures of themselves on the internet ? | [
"1. Attention/validation/excitement; 2. It's just a normal picture to them and the fact they are naked isn't an issue for them; 3. They were paid at some point, but has been distributed by others freely; 4. It was never meant for public dissemination but some asshole decided to put it out there;"
] | [
"one is sexualized, one isnt. Some people will be aroused by feet anyway, its just how it goes. our society has decided baby butts are ok as long as they arent used in a sexual theme. If the watcher wants to find it sexual, thats their business. with that said, you can find plenty of adult butts on tv, I recall NYP... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How Does Stephen Hawking's Chair Work? | [
"Hawking suffers from motor neuron disease, and over time, he's become more and more paralysed. Early on in the disease's progression, his students were able to understand him (with some effort), but as his disease progressed he's needed other solutions. In the mid-80's he had a tracheotomy, and lost his ability to... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it that when you drink cranberry juice it creates a sort of texture in your mouth, but other juices do not? | [
"Some drinks/foods (namely cranberry juice and red wine) have something inside them called Tannins. Tannins bind with the proteins in your saliva on your tongue and cheeks, changing (temporarily and very little) the surface of your mouth by taking away some of the natural coating that is normally there."
] | [
"Carbon dioxide, the stuff that makes carbonated drinks fizzy, and the gas that a burp from drinking a carbonated drink mostly consists of, is slightly acidic. Depending on the person it can trigger the same pain receptors in your nose and throat that mustard triggers just not quite as strongly. Some like it, some ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are farmers struggling financially when there are more people than ever before to feed, people eat more on average than ever before, we know more about the science of agriculture than ever before, and there is more advanced machinery for planting / harvesting than ever before? | [
"Automation is eliminating most of the simple jobs for farmers. A typical farm machine does the work of 40 laborers. So now being a farmer means you need a ton of money to operate a fleet of expensive machines."
] | [
"The biggest problem with world hunger isn't that we don't produce enough food, it's that we can't get it to the people who need it. Corrupt governments, greedy, war & lack of infrastructure are far bigger issues than not having enough food to go around."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Agriculture and Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Agriculture and Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do men start balding sooner and at a much faster rate than women? | [
"A product of testosterone called [DHT](_URL_0_) is toxic to hair follicles on the head."
] | [
"Kids these days are exposed to porn at a far too early age."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do judges and lawyers in the UK still wear those ridiculous wigs in court? | [
"Why do priests wear their collars backwards? Why do businessmen wear a strip of fabric around their necks that have no function? Why do chefs wear that puffy hat (when any hat would work)? I think labeling something as \"ridiculous is a bit subjective"
] | [
"they were called liripipes. Most people believe it was just a fashion trend at the time, one that was capitalized by modern artists/video games/what have you whenever they want to make something look \"medieval.\" There are a few manuscripts from around the fourteenth century in which people complain about how rid... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do animal eggs get their nutrients? | [
"The yolk contains the nutrients needed for the animal to grow. Think of the yolk as the place a of the egg. The fetus is attached by an umbilical cord to the yolk. By the time the animal is fully grown, the yolk nutrients have been used up."
] | [
"Nope A chicken egg contains all the nutrients that the embryo will need to form into a baby chicken, there is no resupply so it has to have all of the food within it A human egg is just a single cell that gets fertilized, it has no nutrients in it because it will implant on the uterine wall and be fed by the place... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to people who were previously charged with illegal possession of marijuana after a new law legalizes it? | [
"It depends on the exact nature of the new law. All else being equal, they may still be convicted, or if already convicted may still be imprisoned, because they broke the law *as it stood at the time*. However, recognising that this is kind of silly where a law is introduced that basically says \"welp, we shouldn't... | [
"1. Marijuana is not actually legal in Texas yet. The bill has not passed, only the people who decide what lawmakers are allowed to vote on said that they could vote on it. 2. Four states have legalized Marijuana. 3. The move is driven by small-government conservatives who believe that it's not up to the state to d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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