query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
The reason behind Colorado county secession vote today | [
"Many states have tensions between urban areas, which tend to be more liberal, and rural areas, which tend to be more conservative. In Colorado, which in recent years has trended liberal, legalized pot, banned high-capacity magazines, etc, the rural conservatives are particularly distraught. Of course, it's rather ... | [
"Corruption charges against her party (not against her personally), with possible campaign financing using dirty money; this combined with a recession due to bad economic decisions and blatant lies during the presidential campaign (duh). No legal reason yet for impeachment, just public outcry."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do tape recorders adjust for the differences in spool sizes? | [
"The speed of the tape isn't controlled by the speed that the reels turn, it's the other way around. Part of the tape path, usually just after the heads, is a cylindrical drive called the [capstan](_URL_0_), and a pinch roller to hold the tape against the capstan. The capstan turns at a constant speed and *that* is... | [
"First what decade is it? But to answer your question, if you look at the tape adaptor, you will notice there is no tape but rather a metal head. This head creates the magnetic signals that would be present on the tape to tell your stereo what tones to make."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How substances like gasoline are able to store so much energy | [
"Hydrocarbon chains (like gasoline) are made of carbon and hydrogen. When these substances undergo combustion, the carbon atoms bond with external oxygen to form CO2, and the hydrogen atoms bond with external oxygen to form H2O. Every time a complex molecule (hydrocarbon chain) becomes a simpler molecule, energy is... | [
"We use petroleum-based fuels because they are a highly concentrated fuel (matter which holds chemical energy) that just happened to exist in the ground, in great quantities, in a form that can be processed. And petroleum was created over millions of years from organic matter which absorbed sunlight. There simply a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If teachers have to spend so much money out of pocket on school supplies for class why don't they just stop? | [
"Teachers are kind of strange in that they care about the children under their charge and also care about their jobs. Kind of crazy I know"
] | [
"So the big thing is that America USED to have it. But budget cuts have meant that most public schools have been forced to remove those sorts of programs because they have to focus on just the basics. Many schools can't even afford art classes or music. That being said, most Americans I know would love it if Home ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do I have two bars of WiFi signal when I lie on my left side, but when I lie flat on my back I loose my Wifi altogether? Surely a few centimetres shouldn't make a difference? | [
"Wifi signal can act like waves in a pool. Up and down all over the place, but sometimes there is a dead spot where the waves bouncing off the walls cancel each other out. Try moving the router, or even just changing the angle of the antenna."
] | [
"Normal, as you sleep with a pillow over it. You're simply cutting off circulation to your arm. So it goes numb. Try sleeping on your back, regardless there shouldn't be any long term damage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are YouTube videos not available to My country (u.s) | [
"Copyright issues. One company might have copyright laws registered in the US, but not in, say, Russia. So Youtube might block that video in the US because the company can sue them for hosting the video in the US, but won't in other countries."
] | [
"What do you mean? Check the FrankSinatraVEVO user, that should have all of the \"official\" stuff. Could this just be geoblocked in your country, because I am finding tons of stuff?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why don't more satellites get damaged from space debris? | [
"While there is a lot of trash around, space is huuuuuge. And the chances of something beeing hit are pretty small. This map shows you all the sattelites in earth orbit _URL_0_ and just look at how much space there is inbetween them."
] | [
"Nope The US Space Surveillance Network is tasked with tracking satellites(active or inactive), spent rockets, debris, and anything else orbiting Earth. There are public ones that exist as well that track most satellites in orbit. If a missile comes from space it'd be pretty easy to track it back to which satellite... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why don't humans (and other organisms) evolve into perfect beings? | [
"All evolution does is adapt you to survive and reproduce in your surroundings. If thats the end goal, humans pretty much are perfect"
] | [
"Cause otherwise they would die, that's natural selection. Animals are the way they are because the world is hostile. They have to find a way to survive and reproduce. That is why there are no weak beetles but there are weak human beings."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If the minimum wage is increased, won't employers, corporations, the 1%, etc... just increase prices to give themselves the same financial advantages they have now, thereby wiping out the gains for the minimum wage earner? | [
"You know what won't go up? That $6000 debt on your credit card. The $13000 you have left on your car loan. The $200,000 you have on your mortgage."
] | [
"it doesn't work at all. The idea is to give more money to thoae at the top and the benefits will eventually trickle down to everyone else. The common talking point is basically tax cuts for the rich and corporations because they are \"Job Creators\" and if they only had more money, they would hire more people and ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Are Brooklyn, Staten Island, Queens, Bronx and Manhattan considered different cities? And what considers them boroughs? | [
"They're all part of New York City, though they were once separate and individual cities. As for what considers them “boroughs,” that's the colloquial name for the counties which now bear those names. Queens and the Bronx are the same in both cases, but Manhattan is New York county, Staten Island is Richmond county... | [
"The cities were much smaller when they were first founded. If you look at old maps of cities, most of them occupy the area that would be considered \"downtown\" today. So the neighboring cities/towns just keep growing and growing until they \"meet\" in the middle. Other times, cities will \"merge\" or smaller one... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do animals like deer, kangaroos and such seem to vaporize when hit by a fast moving car? | [
"Vaporize? They don't. You can clearly see the bodies after contact. However, the blood is expelled as a loosely compacted liquid which, as liquids do at high velocity, disperses as a mist. Some of the internal organs would go with that, too, as they are very squishy, and squishy things hit by something large and m... | [
"Running in erratic patterns and constantly switching directions is a good survival strategy when you are trying to avoid a larger predator that is faster than you. It's using light weight and maneuverability to your advantage. Obviously not a great strategy for avoiding cars, but squirrels don't know that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Animals:"
} |
Why does it feel colder when you get wet? | [
"when water evaporates off your skin, the water takes some energy from its surroundings (meaning you) in order to change from a liquid to a gas. This is also why sweating makes you cooler. The evaporation of any water, sweat or otherwise, cools you down."
] | [
"The answer I've seen thrown around is that your body works harder to regulate body temperature when you're exposed to the sun. Don't quote me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do swype keyboard work and how are they so accurate? | [
"You start on one letter. The computer takes a list of words that start with that letter. You swype to the next letter -the computer eliminates all words that don't have that letter next. You swype to the third letter and it eliminates more words and so on until you have only the word you swyped in. However, your i... | [
"What do you mean? Your question needs to be a bit more specific. Are you asking what it is? Or how it's set? Or how the payments are made?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
the meaning behind this quote: "Karachi is like Gotham City.. except we have no Batman.. and our Joker lives in London" | [
"Karachi (largest city in Pakistan) is currently experiencing some large problems; both in crime, and politically. This is in part due to [Altaf Hussain](_URL_0_) who is the founder and leader of the [Muttahida Quami Movement](_URL_1_) - a political party in pakistan based in the city of Karachi. The problems surro... | [
"\"Who are you?\" \"I'm a guy in a mask\" \"I can see that\" \"Of course, I'm just saying that a guy in a mask telling you who he is kind of defeats the purpose of wearing the mask in the first place.\" \"Oh, right\" \"So instead of saying who I am, I'll tell you about who I'm portraying. I'm the people's voice/wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is it that Russians are never (or barely ever) referred to as Asians, even though Russia is technically part of the continent Asia? | [
"Most Russians live in what is considered by most maps to be Europe. However, far more importantly than that, most Russians are ethnic Slavs and are far, far more culturally connected to Europe than any Asian culture."
] | [
"Well the modern continent system was developed by Europeans, so there is going to be some bias there. Technically Europe should probably be considered part of Asia (i.e. Eurasia) because there's no significant physical barrier between Europe and Asia."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What would happen if a civilian took the laws in their own hands (Catching criminals, helping the police etc.). Are there any legal restricitions against doing this, like Batman does? | [
"There are two main legal restrictions. First, much of what the police do is illegal for a regular citizen. Police can detain people on reasonable suspicion, while more citizen's arrest laws usually require you to witness a crime. So a what would be to the police a routine stop, for you would be false imprisonment,... | [
"They're not \"stalking,\" in a typical sense. Private Investigators do their job which is \"investigate.\" Stalkers may break into homes, cars, and other property to steal items and do creepy things in general. Private Investigators can also work in tandem with the police if a case requires it. In short, Private I... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is tenure, how do professors get it, and why can't it be taken away when they abuse their power over students? | [
"This may help: _URL_0_ A professor certainly can be fired for cause."
] | [
"The goal of tenure was to make sure the teacher would have the freedom to teach, and not have to worry about getting fired for their beliefs. Just because someone has unpopular beliefs doesn't mean that the person was a bad teacher, and that's what tenure was trying to get at. Nurses or janitors don't need tenure ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the "life expectancy" of the human civilisation? | [
"Honestly, there are thousands of predictions for this. You have millions of variables that could alter the timeline hugely. Read this Wikipedia entry: _URL_0_"
] | [
"To be a little less specific, what did people think the future in general would be like before the Industrial Revolution?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
My sister and I are the youngest of seven, four years separating her and I. She and I have five distinct birthmarks all in the same places and similar shapes, however none of our other siblings have these birthmarks. Why is this? | [
"its about DNA...you have some common genes with other siblings that you just don't notice. the birthmarks are just more noticable, especially if they are in nearly the same places. the other siblings probably got those genes as recessive genes means those birthmarks didn't show up for them"
] | [
"We don't. You just don't know anyone who looks exactly like anyone else because the chances are so low. My mother and her oldest daughter look identical in pictures of them at the same age. The only difference that is obvious is minor scaring and they way they wear their hair."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about biology:"
} |
Why do airlines ask you to turn off/airplane mode your phone during a flight when? Does it actually affect the flight? | [
"I'm a pilot. While usually cell phones don't affect our instrumentation (anymore, this wasn't always the case), I can definitely tell if someone in first class (or in the cockpit haha) has their phone on because as soon as we get low enough for them to have service, I will hear a bunch of clicks in my headset if t... | [
"I've been told by a friend that is a pilot that the reason for the power down during take off and landing is that those are the most dangerous times when on an aircraft. Therefore, they are hoping that people won't be distracted by their electronics, or god-forbid, create numerous hard plastic and metal projectile... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
where do birthmarks come from? | [
"There are two types of birthmarks. Pigmented birthmarks result from when there is an excess of skin pigment cells, the cells that give your skin colour, in one place. Examples of these would include moles, café au lait spots, and Mongolian spots. Vascular birthmarks are from an increased amount of blood vessels in... | [
"Question 1: Do you have a cat? Question 2: Do you floss? That might help. Question 3: Do you sleep with your mouth open? This can dry out your mouth which leads to bad breath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why do modern TVs seem to increase the framerate of video, even when to footage is decades old? | [
"Modern televisions have a setting that is usually turned on by default that causes this effect. The way it does it is by looking at two frames in the image, seeing what the differences are, and \"guessing\" what another frame between the two would look like if it was there when the show was recorded. The TV then c... | [
"Videos filmed at 30 FPS shouldn't look too choppy. If they do, it could indicate some sort of problem such as your computer not having enough CPU resources to play-back the video smoothly. It's also possible the display you're watching the video on is set to a refresh rate that is not capable of displaying 30 FPS... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Short Film Industry. How do short films make money? How much do the directors/producers/actors earn on average? | [
"They generally don't unless you win an award. They're usually funded by art grants or private investors as a proof of concept for the director and/or crew's talents."
] | [
"It depends on what they agree to be paid. Generally speaking, actors are paid a certain amount from the movie's budget to be in the movie. Actors can also get royalties from ticket sales, merchandise, DVD releases, and so on. If their face is being plastered all over the posters and products related to the movie, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I read somewhere it's impossible to overdose on melatonin. But, what would happen if I consumed an entire bottle at one time? | [
"I was laying in bed sleeping when I woke up adrenaline pumping fully alert. I couldn't move, I was paralyzed. My body didn't do the \"feels like I have a million pound weight\" deal, just didn't do crap. Standing over me was a demon dressed in a white dress. I've heard stories of the white light, etc. I thought th... | [
"Melatonin is a chemical that your body naturally produces. It is essentially what creates our sleep/wake cycles, as light inhibits its production. This is a large reason why night shift workers have a hard time sleeping during the day. The only way I could imagine melatonin being the cause of this is if you were t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Medicine:"
} |
Why do I see the same length of my body in the mirror no matter how far I am from the mirror? | [
"What do you mean by \"length of my body\"? Do you mean you see yourself as the same height? You see yourself as the same height because you are still the same height. looking in a mirror is like looking at a person on the other side of a piece of glass, standing as far from the glass as you. Since they're still th... | [
"Don't think of it as the mirror makes images backwards or reversing them. The mirror reflects the light from the side the object is on. Your left arm is on the left of the mirror and your head is at the top of the mirror, legs at the bottom etc. If the mirror did truly flip the image backwards then you would see ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:"
} |
What are the differences between mechanical keyboard switches? | [
"Mechanical switches differ not only in actuation force, but also in the profile of that force. A switch might be designed to require a high force to begin moving, but then it lightens up. Or it can be made to get heavier as you push it. They can also differ in how much force it takes to keep them depressed, and wi... | [
"What two types are you talking about? There are many ways to classify solar panels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the speed of light through different materials. | [
"That's an error a lot of people make. Light itself doesn't slow down, it only appear to slow down. Light isn't bouncing around inside the material, because it that would be the case, then light would be scarttered in all direction when exiting the material and there would be a randomness in the apparent speed of l... | [
"Basically different part of the body realign themselves at different speeds with the magnetic field so show up differently. For more information - _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are we circumcised? | [
"From what I understand, it was a religious reason to Jewish folks, but it became more mainstream when John Kellogg(as in the cereal company) recommended it to prevent masturbation. I may be wrong, but that's what I understand of the subject."
] | [
"Are you saying we should be more racist towards cats?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between techno and electronic? | [
"Techno originates from the 80s in Detroit. It sounds dark, industrial, and sometimes depressing. A good example is Prodigy - Breathe: _URL_1_ Electronic is a catch-all term for all music that uses electronic instruments. \"Electronica\" is not a genre. It is a marketing buzzword from the 90s when electronic music ... | [
"More importantly, what's the difference between hot and best?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are so many universities selective with admissions if more students means more revenue? | [
"Imagine you have a movie theater that seats 200 people. There's a popular movie coming out. Would you sell 800 tickets to the show? I mean, that'e more revenue, right? Well, yeah, but you can't handle that many people. So, capacity and infrastructure are part of it. Another part is that limiting the number of stud... | [
"1. Unlike in many European countries, it is not provided by the state the same way K-12 is. 2. There have been massive expansions in administrative staff, student housing (many universities here require freshmen to live in dorms,) sports teams, and other things that are not critical to education. 3. The idea that ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If residential solar is such a good investment, how come 95% percent of homes don't have it yet? | [
"Probably because it takes 10 - 20 years until you have your costs cut and start to make profits since solar panels aren't cheap at all. Here in germany the goverment was support solar panel companies but have since cut those supports."
] | [
"In California, there are 4 ways you can get solar panels installed on your house: 1. Outright purchase 2. Loan 3. Power Purchase Agreement 4. Lease Loan and outright purchase is pretty self explanatory, Solar City still provides you with tech support and warranty work after you purchase the panels but they belong ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do so many airline pilots have alcohol problems? | [
"Poor pay, irregular hours, spending time away from family, stressful environment and lack of rest to name a few."
] | [
"I do it because I have an anxiety disorder linked to talking on the phone. Maybe you do too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why did some animals become mainstream pets? | [
"They were the easiest to tame and domesticate. Also, some had actual uses beyond \"companion\"."
] | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it so incredibly difficult to hold in a bowel movement? | [
"The anus is an involuntary scphincter. When you try to hold in your poops you are controlling muscles around the anus but not the anus itself. Once there is enough internal pressure the anus will relax and there is nothing you can do about it."
] | [
"Why does a post about the need to urinate make me have to pee?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
Why (or how) do certain mobile apps and programs make phones heat up and drain battery so quickly? And how does fixing a certain string of code fix that? | [
"Most of the time, most parts of your phone aren't being used, or aren't being used fully. - The GPS chip is switched off when you're not using location services - The cellular data chip goes into a lower power mode when you're not sending/receiving data - Even the processor isn't used very much when the app is jus... | [
"It would depend on the type of device, but in the case of smart phones and computers, over time, you load more crap software. If you reformatted your device and started clean, you might see improved performance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Technology:"
} |
How does ADHD affect the brain? | [
"You know the story of the ant and the grasshopper? The ant works hard, plans for the future, prepares and stores food for winter. Grasshopper fucks around all summer, procrastinates, does whatever he wants and when winter comes he's caught off guard and underprepared. Well, in the brain of an ADHD person, the ant... | [
"Affect is a verb. Alcohol affects the brain. Effect is a noun. You study the effect of alcohol on the brain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are almonds cheaper in milk form? | [
"> Doesn't it take way more almonds to make a half gallon of milk then 6oz of raw almonds? Not \"way more\", no. Depending on the recipe, I've seen something like 6oz - 8oz of almonds for half a gallon of almond milk. And keep in mind that you don't need almonds in great condition. If you're buying almonds to eat, ... | [
"Is coke cheaper than tap water or cheaper than bottled water? Bottled water has a huge mark up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When I pee, am I peeing out the water I drank recently, or the water I drank yesterday to make room for the new water? | [
"When you drink water, it eventually becomes part of your blood. Your kidney regulates your blood pressure by drawing out water from the blood, which gets excreted as urine. So it's not really possible to differentiate water you drank now from water you drank earlier or even water your body produced."
] | [
"Because your kidney keeps filtering the water out of your blood even if you had no liquids recently."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Human babies are a luxury? | [
"Our large brains mean we have to be expelled from the body before we grow too large to fit through the birth canal, so as a result we have to do a lot of our growing outside the body. Our brains are also the reason why we have and can use weapons to prevent being eaten by a lion."
] | [
"Because baby animals are cute and human babies are ugly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Seeing all of these Harambe & Deez Nuts votes in the presidental elections, What would happen if one of them actually got the majority of the votes? | [
"If the person behind the name *was* eligible, then he or she could get the job. In the last election in the UK, Lord Buckethead stood against Prime Minister Theresa May in her constituency: if he had one, she would have lost the PM job (since the PM has to be a MP), and he would have become an MP."
] | [
"No riots or anarchy, the rest of the country would laugh, and kick him out onto the white house lawn. Whoever won the 2016 election would take over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How can movies shot in the 1980s and 1990s be released on HD platforms such as Bluray? | [
"Yes, the original 35 mm film had much higher resolution than Blu-ray. Remember, they were meant to be shown on a huge cinema size screen... if you put up a Blu-ray movie on a 20 meter wide screen it wouldn't look nice."
] | [
"Recently Added means that the content has only been added to Netflix's library recently but may have aired/been released on other platforms at any time before. New Release means the content has only been released on other platforms recently. For example, if Netflix added a tv show from the '60s yesterday, it would... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Before electronic currency, how did central banks, e.g the Fed, pay for the production of legal tender (bills/coins)? | [
"Electronic bookkeeping was not the first time balances were written down rather than represented with physical objects. Did you think that when I deposited $50 in a bank in 1950, that exact $50 bill was kept in the vault until I asked for it back? No, they took the bill, added it to their stash, and added 50 to th... | [
"You're close. Money is printed by the Federal Reserve (i.e. \"The Fed\"), which is the only bank authorized to print US currency. But interestingly, the US government does not own the Federal Reserve. So when the government wants new money in circulation, they issue government bonds (essentially, an IOU from the g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do planes land safely on seemingly not safe days? | [
"Airplanes are much heavier than cars, so they slip less. It's the same reason a heavier car won't slide off the highway as easily as a smaller car. Plus, the runways are very long and very straight, so they're designed to have lots of room for stopping (and the engines usually will reverse thrust to slow down the ... | [
"Airstrips are much bigger than you think. Any that land large commercial airliners are 150-200 ft across. The back wheels of a 737 are less than 60 ft apart. So there is quite a bit of wiggle room there. Also skill. Most pilots have landed those planes hundreds if not thousands of times. You get pretty good after... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If I go back a couple of hundred generations I would have more direct ancestors than there were people alive on the planet: How is this possible? | [
"Incest \\o/ edit: to clarify: At some point multiple of these positions in your tree of origin are occupied by the same person."
] | [
"We don't. What we do know is that every person with blue eyes has genetic material that shows they are descended from a single human that lived about that time ago. So there may well have been other blue-eyed people around at that time, or earlier, but none of their descendants survived to the modern day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do toe nails typically have fungus while fingernails usually don't? | [
"Toenails often are confined in a dark, warm, moist environment — inside your shoes — where fungi can thrive. Toes usually have less blood flow than do fingers, making it harder for your body's immune system to detect and stop infection."
] | [
"> ELI5: Why do the nails on my ring fingers grow faster than the other nails? You're weird Just kidding. Most of it has to do with blood circulation. Some people's fingernails grow at different rates. Some people find that different fingernails on one hand grow at different rates . Some people find that their fi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are tyres attached to wheels? | [
"In car tires, there's a steel wire that's on the edge of the rubber tire. This wire is forced over the lip of the car wheel when mounting the tire. Then tension of the wire combined with friction of the rubber and air pressure seals(mostly) the tire to the wheel. In some off-road wheels, a securing ring of bolts... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why do you always get a distinct feeling/smell/ thing when you get struck in the nose or face? | [
"I don't think the exact cause is known, but shocks to the brain - which could come through a blow to your face - can produce these odd (metallic?) taste sensations. They're common in concussions. Presumably a taste center in the brain is being knocked and playing up. You should get any potential concussion checked... | [
"I get the same sensation when something comes close to the area between my eyebrows. It has nothing to do with eye movement or mystisism. I cannot explain why but i can feel a slight pressure when an object is close. I have wondered about this myself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If insects use the moon to navigate at night, how do they navigate when it is a new moon, or any other phase in which the moon is only out for a short time at night? | [
"The main theory is that they just use the moon as a landmark to help them fly in straight lines... But that there are other cues they use to navigate. Apparently this is too short for ELI5... It's like if you were using the morning sun to help you walk in a straight line. Even if the day becomes cloudy, there are ... | [
"A lunar eclipse is when the moon passes through the Earth's shadow. Much like the sun temporarily being blotted out by the moon, the moon will temporarily be dimmed as Earth passes between it and the sun. You should expect it to turn red and darken, then brighten over the course of about four hours. It is differen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do Americans use 'mom' and not mum also change other words? | [
"For the same reason you don't use Ye Old English like you read in Shakespeare's plays, or even the most obscure English from way before that. Language change, and that's fleek, it's lit, it's groovy, and it's far out, man."
] | [
"If you can replace the word with \"he\" or \"she\" use who. If you can replace the word with \"him\" or \"her\" use whom. I don't know about whilst, my girlfriend says it's interchangeable. Whilst just makes you feel fancier"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do I sometimes 'hear' my heart beat through my ear when I lay my ear on a pillow? | [
"You are hearing your pulse as it travels through your ear. The pillow blocks out most external sound, and you laying at rest causes you to focus on certain things."
] | [
"Sometimes, one of my ears will go deaf for a few minutes and all I can hear is ringing (think being too close to a grenade in Half-Life 2 when it goes off). This is different from tinnitus, because I have both. What's going on there? Also there is no trigger. I'm thinking perhaps sudden drop of blood pressure to o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why when I press on my skin it leaves a white spot for a couple of seconds? | [
"You have tiny blood vessels near the surface of your skin (capillaries). When you push on your skin you force blood out of them. When you release it takes a fraction of a second for the blood to return."
] | [
"Follow up question, why do I have like three times as many hairs around my left nipple than my right one?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do big companies fear their workers unionizing? | [
"Lets say you work for a company and you feel like you deserve a raise. You walk into your boss's office and you say, \"Pay me more or I quit\". Your boss can let you quit - it is easy to replace a single worker after all. Now, lets say that you get _everyone_ in the company to walk into your boss's office and say,... | [
"We’re the product, not the customer. Facebook is providing us to the companies that pay to advertise on it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Technology:"
} |
If electrons and protons are oppositely charged, why aren't they attracted to each other in the nucleus of the atom? | [
"Electron degeneracy pressure and the pauli exclusion principle. The force of this is greater than the electromgnetic force. Two fermions cant occupy the same quantum state, unless gravity overcomes this as in a nuetron star. ELI5 eseentially the force attracting protons and electrons is weaker than one that is ke... | [
"Matter is made of a set of parts. Each of these parts has a certain \"charge\" kind of like a magnet. Antimatter is made of almost exactly the same parts except they have the opposite charge. For example: In normal matter the electron has a negative charge. In antimatter it has a positive charge and is called a po... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it feel like HD movies are more HD than real life? | [
"Too much detail is shown in post processing. Hence why a lot of nature photography looks much better than real life. Bringing shadows down to nearly black and making anything close to white brighter than the sun adds a lot of depth. This in fact is what the premise of HDR in photography is based on (one under expo... | [
"The originals were filmed in higher quality -- it had to be downgraded to fit the consumer technology available at the time. Older movies are the same."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do simple traffic stops/calls escalate to deadly force for police officers/offenders so frequently? | [
"The thing is that its not frequent. They dont report the millions of traffic stops that operate smoothly. They find the one or two that escalated and report the crap out of it until people start to believe that cops are killing black people for no reason or drug dealers are gunning down cops on the regular. & nbs... | [
"Overwhelmingly police officers use non-violent and non-lethal weapons to control situations. You just don't hear about these because its not too interesting--its pretty rare to use lethal force. How many news reports do you hear of a police officer calmly diffusing a situation, or using a taser or just grabbing a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the source of heat for the Earths core? | [
"> What is the source of heat for the Earths core? A small portion is residual heat from the initial collapse of material into the gravity well of Earth, but the majority at this point is from radioactive decay of heavy elements in the core."
] | [
"Because Jupiter is spinning and heated by both its internal heat and the Sun. It's essentially the same thing that drives the weather here on Earth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why iOS update is 75MB but requires 1.5GB to install? | [
"Because that 75 MB contains 3kb of changes to make to this 1MB file, and 2kb of changes to make to this 2MB file, etc etc. when it installs, it has to load the original file, duplicate it, apply the changes, and then return the file to its original place and delete the original. So why don't they just do this one ... | [
"Not only on the iPod Classic. Occurs on the iTouch, iPod Nano [4G methinks?], iPhone 3G, iPhone 3GS, and iPhone 4. At least for me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does the combination of a fedora/trilby, graphic tee, and shorts make my skin crawl? | [
"You've probably gotten such a negative/weird view of these people from Reddit so when you finally saw one you had a pre-determined opinion."
] | [
"Fedoras can be a good style choice when paired with appropriate suit/pants, but the type of fedora wearing people that Reddit is making fun of is the guys who wear them with button up anime shirts and track pants."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Muscular tone. Why do muscles get harder? How? Why do they get 'soft' faster than they get hard. What's the difference with muscular mass? | [
"The fibers aren't really getting \"tougher\" they are getting larger. Muscle fibers are composed of smaller structures called myofilaments (primarily actin and myosin). It is the creation of more myofilaments which causes muscle growth or what we in science call hypertrophy. When you exercise, you damage the pro... | [
"You damage muscle so that when you body repairs itself it rebuilds itself a little stronger than it was before (you feel this as muscle soreness after working out). You repeat this process and that is the basic premise behind strength training."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does head lice start? | [
"You'd have to go back to the beginning of humans to find how the first one was formed. Likely a hair brush with hair clogged in it was shared or kids being kids their heads touched together. They don't just magically appear, someone was contaminated. They can transfer from clothing, but that is very uncommon."
] | [
"They're usually caused by a virus or infection. Takes some time for your body to fight it off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
In regards to colleges/universities, how does "tenure" protect someone from being fired? | [
"I'm far from an expert, but I believe it's essentially an employment term that acknowledges an advanced academic skill set and offers permanent employment to retain access to those skills even if they're not currently required or aren't meeting any desired output criteria. I think it effectively protects you agai... | [
"In my hometown every teacher is basically fired every year, and most are rehired in the fall. Seems really easy to fire them. Could you explain what you mean? Are you referring to tenure? Which is normally something that professors are given which is more of a long term contract to keep someone good around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Will the number of atheists increase as time goes on? How would a society where atheists are the largest group behave? | [
"> How would a society where atheists are the largest group behave? Like Norway."
] | [
"To those arguing that it did not change life on Earth, I propose that it did, at least culturally speaking. Christianity is one of the top two religions in the world. An individual may not believe in the tenets of a particular religion (or even if there is or is not a God), but you can't deny the fact that it chan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
how do you make a Haiku? | [
"A Haiku is a poem written in a 3 line format. It doesn't need to rhyme, or have rhythm or anything like that. It literally only needs to follow the pattern of syllables per line 5 7 5. This is a haiku. This line has more syllables. Than the first and last. ...is a Haiku."
] | [
"I call this an apple what do you call it? This is how I write apple how do you write it. Same idea for grammar"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
why do some countries (such as the U.K.) drive on the opposite side of the road as the U.S.? When the car was invented, why was no standard created? | [
"Driving on the side of the road was decided way before the invention of the car. If I remember correctly the UK drives on the left because when everybody had swords and road around in horse and carriages they would ride on the left so they could joust with their favoured right hand should they need too. Over time ... | [
"Hopefully some day very soon, \"miles\" will become history like it became in Europe in the 19th century when they ditched former Roman measurements. Ireland made the switch over a few years ago and now all road signs are in km and metres instead of miles and yards. The UK should make such a switch over as soon ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
ELI(foreign)5: Why is Boy Scouts of America such a big deal? | [
"The Boy Scouts is like an after-school club that kids can join. A lot of boys are in the Boy Scouts - it's very popular. They do fun things, like learn how to light fires, and tie knots, and navigate. They work on projects which, when they finish them, they get a [badge](_URL_0_), which they can sew to the vest of... | [
"That is your political affiliation. Welcome to the Republican Party"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Morning wood, and if a similar phenomenon occurs in women | [
"There are a few theories about why this happens but scientists aren't exactly sure the cause of morning wood. Women will also get clitoral erections in the morning but they're not as noticeable."
] | [
"The body hair on a human makes a path directly there. There's a video somewhere, if you watch it it's pretty informative."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The USPS suffered a $5.3 billion loss in the most recent quarter of this year, is there a possibility that the Postal Service could go out of business? What happens then? | [
"If the USPS gets in too bad of a financial situation, the US government will have to reabsorb it; there are way too many things the government needs it for to just let it go out of business."
] | [
"When a company goes bankrupt, or is bought by another company, the promises they made to you often are no longer valid or honored. This is one of the concerns that people have about Facebook. What happens when something better comes along and Facebook becomes the next MySpace?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can't the UN's blue helmets intervene with force when the situation calls for it? | [
"This is actually my debate topic for this month! Technically, they can, it just has to follow the 3 principles of peacekeeping. They must [1] have the consent of the host country (the country where they will have troops on the ground) [2] Impartiality in their dealings (not in execution), to protect the civilians ... | [
"The U.S. had just come off a pretty harsh time in Somalia, which made the U.S. less likely to want to commit to another major action in Africa. None of the other members of the Security Council were rushing to help out either. And everybody official judiciously avoided using the word \"genocide\" to avoid being re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do toddlers like to see their own reflections so much? | [
"\"It looks like me, but I'm right here, it moves the same as me too, I must observe the specimen.\""
] | [
"Why do you stare at your dog when it's taking a shit?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Animal behavior:"
} |
What will happen if a skinny guy lifts lots of weights without eating a ton? | [
"He'll get leaner and stronger, but not much bigger and not as much stronger as he would were he to eat more."
] | [
"They have more muscle. This is not super hard to understand, they carry around more weight constantly so they will build a certain amount of muscle just from doing every day things like getting out of bed, getting on and off the toilet, walking. Also, a high calorie diet is great for building muscle even if it is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
why is the speed limit set at a speed that most people will surpass by 5-10 mph and not get pulled over? Is there a reason they don't set the limit 5-10 mph faster and actually enforce it strictly? | [
"I think the practice exists because that 5-10 mph helps compensate for normal fluctuations in speed (up/down hills) and precision in instrumentation (worn tires, viewing angle of the speedometer, variations in the radar gun) and the police generally don't want to issue contestable tickets. That's not really a reas... | [
"Cop here, it's called Pace Clocking. Essentially what I do is follow behind a car and match my speed with them so I they are not pulling away or going closer to me. Once that is done I, I go a couple of blocks to see if they stay consistent at that speed. If they are over the limit I pull them over. Our vehicles a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Tor vs VPN vs Zenmate, and can/should we use all of them at the same time? | [
"Think of the Internet as a mail service... Tor would be like putting your mail in a very strong safe, sending it to a random guy, which takes off the \"from\" address and replaces it with his own, then securing the rest of the address information (e.g your (figurative) fingerprints) and gives it to another random ... | [
"Use a virtual private network anytime you are connecting to a public WiFi hotspot, or when conducting activities online that you do not want to be traceable. I use ProtonVPN. Use NoScript, Disconnect, HTTPS Everywhere, AdBlock, etc. when browsing, and routinely clear your cookies and browser history. Use a non-tra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that during the weekday, I have a hard time waking up at 6am and want to sleep forever, when on weekends, I am naturally up at 6am and ready to start the day? | [
"because it's your own choice to get up on weekends, not a forced one. you can either sleep longer or get up, and you enjoy that possibility of choice, therefore you feel okay with your decision. during the work week, you have no nice choice: either you go to work or you might have problems."
] | [
"In my experience as a mom, it takes about two minutes for the kid to skip past the natural falling asleep phase, and then they are into a manic stay up half the night routine. That means they don't wake up in the morning on time for going to school or me getting to work on time. So, an appointed bedtime ensures ev... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Please tell me the difference between effects and affect? I searched on Google but that isn't helping. Please give examples | [
"A lot of people have told you that effect is a noun and affect is a verb. Unfortunately it's not that simple. Both words can be used as both nouns and verbs. Affect as a noun is pretty rare nowadays, and it's fine in an ELI5 answer to basically ignore it, but effect as a verb is somewhat common. **Effect as a noun... | [
"I know that people from UK say maths because it's an abbreviation for mathematics. That's all I got, hope it helps."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are we told to ice injuries? | [
"I can't be 100% sure without my resources in front of me, but I believe it is to help reduce blood flow, which would be carrying proteins that stimulate inflammation (a part of healing). Also, overloading nerves with sensations of cold help lower the amount of pain recognised by the brain. That being said, I have ... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
homelessness and Skid Row in LA | [
"Mental illness. Persistently homeless people tend to have mental illnesses and there aren't enough places to treat them, so they end up congregating together on the streets."
] | [
"Crashing in the ocean > crashing in populated areas."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do photographs sell for millions of dollars when the photographer could just release a duplicate at any time? | [
"When artists sell pieces for this much, part of the sale includes a guarantee about how many copies of the work they will reproduce. If the artist were to go on and make more, presumably the first purchaser could take the artist to court and null the sale, forcing them to return the money."
] | [
"You could work out a contract with a photographer where they assigned the copyright to you. But most photographers don't do it that way because reasons. Mostly because if you ever wanted reprints back before digital they could charge whatever they wanted."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the range from boiling to "absolute hot" much, much longer than the range from freezing to absolute cold? | [
"The real question you should be asking is, \"why do temperatures that we as humans frequently interact with (such as those from the freezing to boiling point of water) fall so much closer to the low end of observable temperatures in the universe?\". The answer to this question is that, in order for solid matter to... | [
"It would probably boil off and freeze at the same time because of the absence of atmospheric pressure. Our common intuition about phases is incomplete, since we assume atmospheric pressure. This is analogous to why the liquid water in a pressure cooker can exceed 100 deg c. In the opposite sense, the boiling point... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
the value of USD vs the euro. If the dollar is worth more than the euro, does that mean I have more money if I go over to Europe? | [
"I have lived all over the world while still getting paid in dollars so I think I can answer this. In short yes, if you convert your dollars to the local currency you will have more than you would in dollars. The longer answer is that even if you have more Euro doesn't mean that you could buy the same amount of stu... | [
"You buy pesos with dollars. When the price of pesos goes up, you sell the pesos for dollars and now have profit. You can do the inverse too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Finance:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Finance:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do trees know when to grow leaves? | [
"Generally it has to do with the change in daylight, not with the change in temperature...although that may have some small effect in some species."
] | [
"Those things coming out are the sprouting roots and stem. So yes, that is how potatoes grow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Botany:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Botany:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Suicide Squad movie. Is is some kind of alternate universe? Who are they? | [
"The suicide squad are a group of villains who have been held by the government an are given the option to fight for there country. They mainly do it so they can get reduced prison time or to get some freedom. The reason there called the suicide squad is because the missions are suicide missions a lot of the time ... | [
"Never even once. What the hell is this?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health:"
} |
Why does Zalgo text seem to display everywhere regardless of localization? | [
"Zalgo text takes advantage of tricks built into unicode. Unicode is a standard for how text in all the world's major languages should be handled. It includes support not just for the latin alphabet but quite a few writing systems, including ones where text goes in other directions than left-to-right. On modern co... | [
"I see this often in titles in imgur albums in RES. Is there some way to prevent this from happening?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do some people get dizzy/feel uneasy while reading or using an electronic device while in a car | [
"My LI5 explanation - You work out where you are and how you are moving from both your eyes, and the motion detection organs in your ears. When you are in a car, your eyes see the device in front of you, and it does not appear to be moving. But your ears pick up all the movement of the car. So your eyes are saying... | [
"Simply because your brain adapted to the motion and so it has to adapt to not moving again. It takes about a week for the brain to learn to adapt to the motion and non motion at the same time. Source: used to work in a factory staring at a sideways-moving conveyer belt and would be dizzy for the rest of the day. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Sleep and boredom:"
} |
Why has Botswana done so well compared to the rest of Sub-Saharan Africa? | [
"Tiny country with giant diamond reserves and made a deal with DeBeers early on where Botswana gets 70% of the money and DeBeers runs the diamond mines for them. A lot of African countries kicked all the whites out after independence and that hurt their economies. That wasn't likely to happen in Botswana as their ... | [
"North Korea is on a whole 'nother level compared to Saudi Arabia and Qatar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens when the breath gets knocked out of you? | [
"This happens when you are punched in the center of your belly, around the navel area. Two things happen: 1: Your diaphragm gets forcibly compressed (assuming you don't have absurdly powerful abs to protect it from the impact), forcing air out of your lungs. The diaphragm is a large muscle in your belly used to bre... | [
"Breath. Breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth and the pain will go away. It's all in the breath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does your throat hurt when you chug down carbonated drinks repetitively? | [
"Our bodies have sensory receptors that allow us to feel and respond to things like pressure, changes in temperature, light, and pain. \"Nociceptor\" is the specific type of sensory receptor that allows us to experience pain. Carbonated drinks have a high content of carbon dioxide (CO2) that our body isn't used to.... | [
"That may be your stomach overflowing from too much food or the acid in the stomach coming back up to your esophagus. The esophagus isn't made from the same material as your stomach as the stomach can take that acid but the esophagus can't take it. Recommendation is to eat small meals throughout the day and sit up ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How is Grand Theft Auto allowed to use cars that are almost exactly like real cars? | [
"because they aren't selling cars. There is nothing proprietary about an image of a car. Just the car itself and the name."
] | [
"Protected by parody laws. You're allowed to make fun of things. They would also be protected if they used the real logos because then they're be protected because those logos actually exist and they're not pretending that they are those companies. This is why you don't need Coca Cola's permission to have someone d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we know the visible universe is 4% and not more or less? | [
"The visible universe and the observable universe are two different things. The thing that is 4% is the collective mass of things in the observable universe comprised of ordinary (visible) matter. The other 96% is dark matter and dark energy, which are invisible but whose presence can be roughly detected via gravit... | [
"The universe being infinite means it has no edge, not that it contains infinite mass. The observable universe is estimated to weigh 10^53 kg with somewhere around be 10^80 atoms, a far cry from infinity Just because the volume is unconstrained does not mean there is mass everywhere. Almost all of space is empty"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does music trigger vivid memories? | [
"The hippocampus and the frontal cortex are two large ares in the brain associated with memory and the take in a great deal of imformation every minute. Retrieving it is not always easy. It doesn't simply come when you ask it to. Music helps because it provides a rhythm and rhyme and sometimes alliteration which he... | [
"Smell is processed by the same part of your brain that deals with memory and emotions. So the three are linked from birth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the purpose of the "rough" pavement outside of grocery stores? | [
"I know that this type of thing is used in other places (like on a subway, they have rough paving like that so it can be felt) as a way of warning blind people that they are near a street or something else dangerous. I'm not sure if that is the purpose at grocery stores, though."
] | [
"Would it be against the rules for me to ask for clarification on the term \"realignment elections?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some people have permanent small red veins in their eyes? | [
"> I'm assuming that that's normal. How is this called and what's this all about? Yes, they are normal. Our eyes are flesh and need blood, they are called \"blood vessels\" or \"capillaries\" and they get the blood to keep our cells alive to and from where it needs to be."
] | [
"Lack of sleep causes your blood vessels to dilate, which becomes visible through the thin skin under your eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What does "senpai" mean and what does it mean for Anime fans? | [
"Senpai roughly translates to \"upperclassman.\" Basically, a senpai is an older student, possibly a mentor, and a \"kohai\" would be the yonger student, or mentee. The senpai is expected to guide the younger student, while the kohai is expected to do menial tasks for the senpai. It's sort of like a traditional Eng... | [
"The word comes from portmanteau of cos (コス - *cosu* - short form of costume) and play ( プレ - *pure* - play). And there is no difference. It is the same thing. Cosplay is just what it is called in Japan. In America, cosplay is associated with dressing up as manga and anime character in particular, but in Japan this... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do we picture the earth as the northern hemisphere facing upwards rather than downwards? | [
"Generally, the most powerful nations in the world have been in the northern hemisphere. They made the maps so they put themselves at the top."
] | [
"Because the moon is continually orbiting the earth. The moon doesn't follow the night when it orbits, so sometimes we can see the moon during the day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How come alcoholism is considered a disease but being addicted to smokes or other substances isn't? | [
"Technically they are diseases... But if you're talking about public perception, it's probably because of how much it affects the person - a chronic smoker can still go about their day-to-day life with fairly little impact. They may take an extra break here and there, and spend lots of cash on cigarettes, but other... | [
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If cats are lactose-intolerant, how did we come to the belief that giving cats milk = good? Or asked differently; how is it that cats (seemingly) enjoy - to the level of demanding it - milk? | [
"I work at a local pet food store and the best thing for cats is unpasteurized goats milk. It does have lactose in it, but also lactase, which breaks down lactose. Here is a link for more information: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Mammals are born with an enzyme that breaks down the mothers milk so the baby can digest it. After a certain age that enzyme is no longer produced, and milk can no longer be digested properly. HOWEVER, certain groups of humans have a mutation that causes the enzyme to continue production all throughout adulthood. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How would the internet work on an interstellar scale? | [
"That is correct. No information can travel faster than the speed of light, and so any \"universal internet\" would only update that fast. In other news, aliens on the planet Kepler 9b just updated space-Reddit to find that Jesus has just been crucified. Edit: Due to the amount of people responding to this with \"q... | [
"They are 40 lightyears away. Even if it were possible to travel *at* the speed of light, it would take 40 years to get there and 40 years to get any data back. At our current possible speeds, it would take longer than the entire history of humanity to reach these planets. They aren't sending a rover."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Apple has deep pockets and is shoving huge amounts of money to artists to make music temporarily exclusive to their service.Smaller Services like Spotify, who don't have a trillion dollars to throw at people can't do this. Is this Anti-Competitive? | [
"It is certainly an attempt to beat the competition. But since they are only booking a small percentage of the available musicians, it is not making it hard for the competition to do business."
] | [
"Yes the artists (or more likely their label) makes a deal with Spotify for the artist (and his or her label) to be compensated for their music being on the service. As to if the labels like it, I haven't a clue as i know little of the music industry. I would imagine they would rather things like Pandora and Spotif... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a propane fire have that last "blow" when the gas supply is turned off? | [
"The proper ratio of air and propane causes it to burn nicely, like when you are cooking on your bbq. But when close off the gas supply you decrease the propane to air ratio and it makes a less stable. This causes a more volatile ratio of the two gasses and it explodes. Research stoichiometric ratios and upper and ... | [
"there's isn't any oxygen in the pipe, it's 100% gas so it won't burn. if you held a match far inside the pipe the flame would go out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do microwaves make my fish sticks mushy? | [
"Microwaves heat food mostly by exciting the water molecules in it. Water can only be heated to 100C before it becomes water vapor. So, microwaves generally don't heat your food beyond that temperature. But, ovens get much hotter and so can really create a crisp texture by evaporating the water out of the food."
] | [
"The microwave doesn't heat them as evenly as the steamer in the hotdog stand does. In order to heat them enough in the microwave, some parts tend to get over-cooked."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Ok, so im still confused about stocks. Explain Li5 | [
"You buy a stock at $5 and then a year later when the company is doing better, the price of the stock increases to $8 and then you sell it! so you make $3!"
] | [
"I need somebody to ELI5 that question for me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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