query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Does anyone else have this where if you look out of one eye its cool colours and the other is warm colours? | [
"YES!!! I see slightly different colors out of both eyes. For me, the right eye is more of a reddish tint (warm) and the left is bluer (cool). Sometimes it drives me crazy because depending on the lighting things don't seem to blend too well through both eyes if that makes sense. My brother is color blind, and I w... | [
"You get the infinite mirror effect. If you can get them lined up perfectly and somehow look in the middle without blocking they will just go on forever until it is to small to see. Fun fact mirrors are green, its impossible to tell most times but when you look in a mirror what you see has an ever so slight tint of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't the USA be trialled for failing to uphold Human Rights? | [
"Countries can't be tried for crimes, only people can."
] | [
"It's not our job to police the world, thats why the world hates us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Where did Earth’s ocean water come from? | [
"It is believed that it came from asteroid impacts early in Earth's history, as asteroids contain a lot of water. This might not seem plausible but there isn't as much water on Earth as it seems, here's a good graphic. Compared to the size of Earth, the oceans, lakes, and rivers aren't very deep. _URL_0_"
] | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Geology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Geology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Whats a transistor do? | [
"A transistor is like a switch that can be turned on or off by applying a voltage to it. There are three terminals: source, gate, and drain. The gate is the switch bit, and it can be either closed or open depending on the voltage applied and the type of transistor. Transistors are useful because a very small change... | [
"Maybe let's start with: what is ring tone rap?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
I was looking at a map of the Los Angeles county with each city outlined. Why are the Los Angeles border lines so f*cked up? Looks like abstract art. | [
"Don't listen to these people who are saying it's gerrymandering. Gerrymandering has to do with the shape of voting districts, not the shape of cities. See this question on /r/askhistorians for your answer: _URL_0_"
] | [
"It's mostly in cities, you walk to the corner because corners are easier to find than driving down the real street slow looking at all the business fronts trying to find the number. Cities are often laid out in a grid here, so there are LOTS of intersections. However I live in the mountains now, and we don't do it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
In Edward Snowden's NBC interview, he said that the government/intelligence agencies could turn on someone's phone remotely and use it to take pictures etc. Is this actually possible, and if so, how? | [
"The technology exists. Computers have had wake-on-lan capability for decades and root kits have allowed for unwanted remote access/control for as long as the internet's been in homes. It's not inconceivable that it could be used through smartphones."
] | [
"Most likely, absolutely nothing. Your information is sitting on a server somewhere, and will not even be read before it gets deleted, due to there being too much to store. However, this isn't defending the NSA's actions. Let's say a nice middle eastern man moves into the apartment next to you. The NSA has decided... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Hydraulic Press Exploding Book | [
"Paper is capable of handling a *lot* of tension. You can see this when folks try and fail to separate two interleaved phone books using powerful trucks: the spines of the books fail before the bulk of the paper. In this new video the paper is stretched, and the tension is all released at once in a sudden failure."... | [
"Coke: Can Dr Pepper: Bottle Barq's (Root Beer): Bottle Mountain Dew: Can Source- Caffeine Addict"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What causes certain liquids to "run right through you" | [
"Alcohol and coffee are diuretics, which means they cause your kidneys to produce more urine."
] | [
"The oil from your finger coats the surface of the liquid and disrupts the surface tension which creates the bubbles. Rub your oily-ass nose first next time, and you'll see the difference oil makes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't major airplane manufacturers e.g. Boeing, Airbus, etc. build airplanes that can take off like the British Harrier Jump Jet? | [
"The reason they don't do it is because of the amount of fuel required to take off vertically. Fuel is one of an airlines biggest expenses. There is no reason to burn tens of thousand of dollars of fuel to take of vertically."
] | [
"Propellers are more fuel efficient at low altitudes where the air is thicker. Low-altitude aircraft use propellers, high altitude craft use jets. Combat planes need to be able to go high altitude, so they're all jets. But you can more more stuff more cheaply if you use propellers for cargo."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
can wikipedia actually go bankrupt? | [
"It can, but we wouldn't lose anything. When you're asking \"can Wikipedia go bankrupt\" you're really asking \"can the Wikimedia Foundation go bankrupt?\" - the answer is yes, should expenditures exceed revenue. We wouldn't lose anything though. The WMF doesn't own the content on Wikipedia. All of the original con... | [
"Try wikipedia, its what someone is going to come in here and cut/paste anyways. Good read."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why doesn't the real estate market adjust to prevent abandoned buildings? | [
"If the property hasn't been properly cared for, it will likely cost money to repair. Demolishing a building and rebuilding also costs quite a bit. In either case, if this cost exceeds what the potential buyers believe they'll get out of the investment, nobody will buy the property regardless of purchase cost."
] | [
"Sure, but it's a bad thing for everyone trying to sell or increase the value of their house. It's usually a sign of the economy dipping too as there's less money in the hands of the population."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If Obama can use executive order on something like immigration, or an assault weapons ban, why doesn't he use it to legalize gay marriage if he says he supports it? | [
"Because he can't really do the things you mention; Exec action allows him to redefine some things, but no new laws can be enacted due to checks & balances."
] | [
"It's up to the courts to decide what's unconstitutional and what's not, not the Attorney General. So by that token, they're allowed to *pass* any law that they want, and at that point, it's the court's job to rule on whether it's Constitutional or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is there no law against fake button ads? | [
"The way I understand it, the law is against false advertisement. All of the fake download links have a disclaimer somewhere on them, you just have to look for them."
] | [
"Basically from what I understand there's a few simple reasons. One, it's too make sure there is no risk of those people making money off of their IP. Two, that runs the risk of bad press."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do the car key unlock button unlock a car and how does it open only that one specific car? | [
"When you press the button, it sends out a radio signal with a unique identification number that your car recognizes and responds to. If someone with an identical car uses their remote key, your car would receive the signal, but it would not recognize the identification number and thus not open the door."
] | [
"Most people who have a garage do just push a button to enter. Also it could have to do with battery capacity, your car recharges a 12 volt battery constantly to do the work to unlock the doors, new keyfobs still have a physical key \"just in case\". It's also cheaper to use a manual key on a house lock, which is p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does the Earth have magnetic poles? | [
"The earth's core is molten metal moving constantly. The metal itself may or may not have any (net) magnetic property, but due to the fact that it is moving added to that it has residual electrical charges (static electricity and the earth's net polarity) creates a magnetic field. Just like a moving magnet causes ... | [
"The needle is long and floats on a bearing. Put your ceramic magnet so the North and South poles are parallel to the ground. Float it on water somehow and wait. It will orient itself with the magnetic field in your vicinity. Compasses orient with the magnetic field. One end points to the North magnetic pole, the o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is net metering with solar power | [
"Net metering allows those who generate their own electricity to feed their excess back into the electrical grid, and to get credit for their contribution so they are only billed for their \"net\" energy use. But if recent legislation removes or limits the need for them to give such credit then it can put bounds on... | [
"States are all different, but if your state allows net metering on your production, then you will get a check (or credits) from your power company if you have a net positive giveback."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are humans scared of the dark? | [
"I'm not really sure, but I think it's fear of the unknown, of having unreliable information. Especially when many predators have better senses."
] | [
"Because they have a better chance of not being eaten by birds, most of which sleep at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How did last names like Smith, Jones, Johnson, Williams, etc become so much more popular than other last names? | [
"Not sure for the other ones but I heard this about the last name \"Smith\" not sure how true. But basically the surname \"Smith\" was given to those who where a Blacksmith, and then to their children and passed on and on etc, so such a common trade of medieval times of being a Blacksmith would mean a large amount... | [
"They used to be descriptions. \"That's Joe, the blacksmith\" became \"Joe Smith\". Or where they lived. \"That's John, from the glen\" became \"John Glenn\" You can see remnants of this in many last names today -- Baker, Potter, Hill, Woods, etc. Other areas would take the name of the father as their last name. If... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't everything mix with water? | [
"It's all to do with affinity, the attraction of one molecule for another. Water molecules are polar - they have positively charged hydrogen ends and a negatively charged oxygen middle. Opposite charges attract so water molecules have a high affinity to each other. Oil molecules are non-polar, no great charges are ... | [
"And more importantly how do I get one for myself?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about biology:"
} |
What is fear conditioning and how does it work? | [
"If it's what I think it is, then basically it's causing someone to be afraid or fearful of something that they wouldn't necessarily otherwise be afraid of. There was an experiment done, before ethics was a thing, on a young child. Look up the little Albert experiment. Basically the kid would be shown something lik... | [
"The link between voluntary and automatic breathing isn't fully understood at the moment."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Psychology:"
} |
Why and how birds fly in an organized formation | [
"For energy conservation. The birds in the rear get a certain amount of lift from the ones in front. They will change positions periodically."
] | [
"Some of them most definitely do fly as high as birds. But most flying insects concerns are close to the ground, why would they fly high if everything they need is groundside? A good example of insects flying high are the locust swarms, who fly high to cover vast distances, but most insects have no reason to waste ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why did the rectangle become the standard shape for TV's? | [
"The 4:3 aspect ratio dates back all the way to the 19th century and Edison's Kinetoscope, precursor to film. You had to look through an eye-piece in order to see the movie. Cutting edge technology at the time. The film was wide, and they arbitrarily decided that each frame was 4 perforations tall (the perforations... | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What's the deal with the "online mattress" industry? | [
"They typically make them cheaper, and use no store front meaning they pay less people, so ultimately they're funneling all their extra expenditure into advertising (which is why you're hearing more and more about it.) The idea of the anti mattress store marketing is a viral yet subtle way of nudging little into bu... | [
"Would it be against the rules for me to ask for clarification on the term \"realignment elections?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How some last names can survive the ages and get passed down but some simply vanish or just uncommon. | [
"Sometimes people do not have children. Sometimes people only have daughters. Sometimes spellings/pronunciations shift. Sometimes spellings/names are altered for political reasons. Sometimes the method of determining last names changes in a culture."
] | [
"All people have a common ancestor. But to answer your question usually no, some last names are very common for all sorts of historical reasons, last names often get changed at certain times in a families history and people change them to common ones. Sometimes it does of course but if it’s a common last name lik... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What would happen if charging interest on loans were to be made illegal? | [
"If a lender could not charge interest on a loan, they would have no incentive to ever give out loans because they would be essentially throwing away their money. Even though they would get back the exact amount they lent out, the present value of it in a few years would most likely be less than it was when it was ... | [
"It's not your money. You know banks don't give out free money as a gift, you know it's not yours, you have to give it back. You're not being held liable, in as much as no penalty is being handed out - you just have to give back what you know was never yours."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When did immigrants stop coming to North America primarily by boat? | [
"Ship travel stopped being a primary mode of transport for immigrants when it stopped being a major mode of transport for civilian populations as a whole. Airlines started to be established in the 1920s and they took over as primary international transport method by the 50s."
] | [
"The main thing is that Poland immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Greek immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Irish immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Spanish immigrants going to North America went to Mexico, because it was a Spanish colony ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How strong of a password would the alphabet and then numbers 0-9 be? | [
"The strength of a password is based on a two factors: * How likely someone can just guess it * and if they can't guess it, how hard it would be to brute force. If I was told a password was up to 36 characters (only lower case letters and numbers allowed) it would be very hard for me to bruteforce that. But, if I c... | [
"as the others have stated its to prevent a brute force attack (maybe not so much on a phone, but try getting your bank password wrong 5 times and it might lock you out or make you enter a verification code each time you try again) It is interesting to examine how long a brute force attack takes with various passwo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If the average human heart beats 72 beats a minute. How can athletes have a resting heart rate of 40? | [
"Athletes have very high aerobic capacity, because they regularly work out at a very high exertion level. As a result, their very fit hearts can pump all the blood their resting body needs at only 40 BPM. It's not a calm/Zen thing, it's a fitness thing."
] | [
"Smaller animals have smaller hearts, which means they move less blood with one pump, and correspondingly need to pump more often to move all the blood they need. Of course since their heart is small, it doesn't take as much energy for them to pump. There's actually a pretty close correlation in mammals between the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why things visually appear brighter when you're hung over | [
"When you are drunk, your pupils dilate and they also respond slower to changes in light level, this lets more light into tour eye, and things appear brighter."
] | [
"it's not as noticeable as you think it is i forget it's even there unless i have to pee"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does walking backwards come so easy to us, when we almost never do it? | [
"You might do it more often than you think, like when you open a door that opens towards you and lots of other situations you dont think about."
] | [
"You can. You just have to practice. You spend an entire life teaching your muscles to remember certain moves. Standing up seems easy to you, but watch toddlers do it sometimes and you're watching \"muscle memory training\" at work. You don't have much call for moving your leg and hand in opposite directions simult... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
How come when I eat a decent amount of fruit/veggies, I don't feel satisfied. But a $1 cheesebuger leaves me full for hours? | [
"Fat and protein lead to a lot more satiety when eaten. Vegetables can also make you feel full as a virtue of the fiber content. Oranges, apples and bananas also have a little fiber, but they also have sugar, which will often make you feel hungrier than had you eaten nothing due to how insulin and leptin work."
] | [
"Unless you're eating a ton of ramen, it really shouldn't. They're simple carbs and are digested fairly quickly by your body. I was in Japan last year and ate ramen 2-3x a day (when in Rome, and those machines are fun!). At no point was I \"full\" and satiated as you're suggesting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why did humans evolve to eat cooked meat? | [
"We didn't evolve to eat cooked meat so much as evolved the intelligence to cook it, which we have found makes it more palatable, and, more recently, safer and less likely to give us parasites."
] | [
"Some cultures have a very specific diet. The Inuit diet contains a lot of seal and they eat most of it, even the eyes. If you watch an animal hunt and eat something, they eat the guts first. The liver is packed with nutrients like vitamin A. Muscle, such as a steak, has a lot less nutritional value than organ meat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What would happen if you fired an arrow in a vacuum? | [
"It would fly a little faster, but would probably tumble due to being front-heavy and not having air resistance to keep it point-forward."
] | [
"If you traveled at 10,000 times the speed of light, in a straight line towards the nearest galaxy. Your great-grandchildren would die before you got there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Physics:"
} |
Why District of Columbia? | [
"Columbia is the female personification of the United States (think of Uncle Sam, but with more of a classical Italian mythology vibe). The name comes from Christopher Columbus. Washington because of George Washington."
] | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does bitcoin fluctuate so heavily? | [
"Traditional currencies trade based on economic factors about the country they are tied to. The factors to look for are well known and traders have a good idea how new data will affect the price. This is why currency values are relatively stable. Bitcoin's value is based almost entirely on speculation. Speculative ... | [
"You've never heard of currency trading? It's a fairly common thing as the values of currency against each other fluctuates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does dying of "natural causes" mean? | [
"Essentially what happens is the body looses the ability to fight off common bugs, bacteria, and the wear and tear of living. The little things all pile up as little problems leading to bigger problems until the body just stops. Generally speaking there is not specific thing that kills them, but a ton of little t... | [
"You don't, you always die of something, be it a heart attack, a stroke, something. But if you are 98 and just don't wake up one morning, no one is going to try very hard to figure out exactly why. That's what dying of old age is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Assuming it's the same distance, does running in the rain actually makes you less wet compared to walking? | [
"From many years of experience running daily: If it does, the difference might as well be negligible. You're still getting wet."
] | [
"Hopefully someone can verify this, but my interpretation is that there needs to be headroom in the cars capabilities so it isn't working too hard all the time. It would be rough if the car was working as hard as it possibly could doing 70 down the freeway, because that would wear out parts much faster than necessa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Driving and traffic regulations:"
} |
Why does it seem like Black sitcoms were more popular with white people in the 70s and 80s? | [
"I was born in the early 70's, so a lot of the 70's sitcoms, I only remember via a haze of childhood, and the fact that I was really only interested in shows with space ships or cars that jumped over shit. The 80's however, is a different matter, TV wasn't so spread out back then, \"Black\" sitcoms tended to just b... | [
"What about shows like Modern Family? The Goldbergs? You're remembering the 3-4 shows from 2 decades worth of programming that remain popular today 20-40 years later"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
So there are dominant and recessive genes. Why is the recessive gene recessive? | [
"Say that the first version of the gene produces X protein, and the second version does not. If you have any copy of the first version, your body will have some X; the only way you can end up with no X is if you get two copies of the second version. Now, if your body has some process that doesn't care about how *m... | [
"It varies. Although we tend to use recessive as a stand-alone label, it generally has to be recessive to something else. So two alleles that would be recessive to a dominant allele aren't necessarily recessive to each other. One will most likely dominate, even if it would normally not be expressed heterozygously. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does an automated telephone assistant know which numbers you dial? | [
"Yes. It's actually two tones overlaid on top of each other. One tone indicates which row contains the button you pressed, and the other indicates which column. A computer can easily pick out the two tones, and work out which button they represent."
] | [
"You dial a toll free number first to connect to the company that issued the card, then you type in the code and phone number to tell them who you are and who you want to call."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Telecommunications:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Telecommunications:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
ELI5: Why is *French bashing* a thing in the UK, whereas it basically doesn't exist in other countries like Spain or Italy? | [
"Probably because we are neighbours. And because of British humour. We bash *all* our neighbours, equally - it isn't just the French. The English bash the Scots and the Welsh. The Scots and the Welsh bash the English. Within England, Londoners bash everyone else. People from Manchester and people from Liverpool go ... | [
"I think it is because most countries don't care about it too much. Europe, most of Asia, most of Africa don't play it too much. The major countries who do play are the US, Japan and a couple of South and Central American countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do they determine the expiration dates for new products? Do they just let it sit somewhere till it goes bad? | [
"Plant Engineer at a food manufacturing facility here. We know how long it takes for ingredients to become unsafe when stored under the proper conditions. These conditions are determined by microbiologists. If a food item is made with multiple ingredients then it is the fastest expiring ingredient which becomes the... | [
"It depends on what they are. If it's perishable items, they get removed when they start to expire. If it's other longer lasting items, they are left there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are new Pharmaceutical drugs "designed"? | [
"One way, based on structural biology, is to determine the 3D structure of an enzyme or protein and use computer modeling to design molecules that fit into its shape. A common method is to determine where the native substrate sits and design molecule which fits the site better. Another method is to take existing d... | [
"Because Benadryl is older, well studied and much cheaper than newer antihistamines."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Shouldn't things like the "Law of gravity" or the "Laws of thermodynamics" correctly be called "theories" instead? | [
"The scientific laws are generally just observations, not theories. The law of gravity doesnt explain gravity, it just describes it - whereas the theory of general relativity provides a model for how gravity works within the bounds of spacetime"
] | [
"> What enforces these laws? The universe behaves consistently. The \"Laws\" are our mental model of how it behaves; they are descriptive not prescriptive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What gives acid a burning property like Sulfuric Acid? Why doesnt Vinegar or Lemon juice "burn"? | [
"They do. The acid in lemon juice and vinegar can trigger the same chemical reactions as sulfuric acid, but they're much weaker and the reactions aren't nearly as intense. Lemon juice can be used to make a battery, can cause mild burns on sensitive parts of your skin, and can even \"cook\" food in ways very similar... | [
"Sour candy is sour because of the high amount of citric acid in the candy. Acids are sour, and bases (opposite of acids) are bitter in taste. Your tooth is made of calcium and phosphorous, which reacts with the acid to form a salt, thus your tooth is eroded of the calcium. A similar reaction with a strong acid (Hy... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do sheep and goats have oblong/square pupils? | [
"Goats are prey animals. They have rectangular pupils because it gives them a much wider peripheral vision. They also rotate in the socket so when they have their heads down to graze their vision remains level."
] | [
"Eyeballs. Predetors usually have their eyeballs on the front of their heads (think human, wolf, lion) where prey have their eyeballs on the side of their heads (think deer, rabbit, mouse). It's like a big red flag for animals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does povery affect world security | [
"A simple way is that poor people don't really have much going for them, so they don't have as much to risk by committing a crime. Sounds a lot like a homework question to me. Could you explain the context of your question?"
] | [
"Money and resources is the ultimate answer. They decided it would better support the work of the national geographic society..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How would you explain what the operating system is? | [
"> because he insists he knows more than the guy who not just is a millennial but studies this stuff. He clearly doesn't want it to be explained to him. You've done your due diligence and made a best effort, now is the time to say \"Since you feel you know more than me then you really don't need my help\" and hang ... | [
"Could you explain a bit more about your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the "Gold Standard" and what are its benefits/drawbacks? | [
"The gold standard holds that the federal reserve guarantees their notes for a certain amount of gold. In fact, early currency in the U.S. was simply a [\"gold certificate\"](_URL_0_). This means the reserve can only mint as much as they can guarantee in gold. Since -- unlike money -- gold has more than just arbitr... | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why hasn't voting gone digital, like nearly everything else? | [
"Have you ever had to spend most of a day explaining to a beloved grand/parent just how to do anything online, especially if an installation manager is involved? Voting would take like 10 times longer."
] | [
"Welcome to the internet. It's now open late, seven days a week worldwide. Does this person live and work in China? Kenya? Canada? Brazil? A lot more information would probably be a good idea. Just saying."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
So, what is Tumblr really? Is it more than just pictures? | [
"It's a blogging website. You make posts (typically comprised of images, but also sometimes of text) to your own blog and then other users can find and follow your blog if they like your posts. You can also re-blog anything you find on another Tumblr user's blog and post it to your own blog (sort of like a re-tweet... | [
"Creating content other people enjoy? Why are movies a thing? What do the creators get out of it? Why is youtube a thing? What do the creators get out it? Why (was) vine a thing? That's probably the more direct western analogue."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why don't tornadoes go into a major down town area with sky scrapers? | [
"It's due to the size of cities. They can go through download areas, but you have to realize that downtown areas are very very small in comparison to the size of tornado alley. [List of downtown tornadoes](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"There's not too much too it. You just drill for it like a fire drill. If one is coming try to get to a secure area that wouldn't be affected by super strong winds. That's why basements and bathrooms are typical places you're supposed to go. In some towns in the mid-west where tornadoes are more frequent there mig... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Whats the difference between cults and major religions? | [
"In a cult there is one person at the top that knows it's all a scam In a religion that person is dead. Some may think this is a joke and it does have a funny side to it I will admit but it is also absolutely true. L Ron Hubbard had a cult but now he's dead and Scientology is no longer just a cult it's a religion. ... | [
"Sunni and Shiite are not tribes, they're sects of Islam. It's like the equivalent of Catholics and Protestants in Christianity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can Wim Hof raise his blood pH through the use of a breathing technique, directly influencing the immune system? | [
"The only method I'm aware of for changing the PH of your body by breathing, and hence your blood, is careful control of carbon dioxide respiration. Carbon dioxide in a solution forms a weak acid. Hyperventilating would tend to decrease CO2 levels in the blood increasing the PH and shallow breathing would tend to i... | [
"In order to maintain your body's homeostasis, your heart rate is automatically increasing & your muscle tissues are tensing to generate heat. On the inhale, your body tenses, & on the exhale, relaxes, right? Well when you hyperventilate the advantage would be that you're now circulating blood faster, taking in mor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the difference between an Emoji and an Emoticon? | [
"An emoji is a little picture, while an emoticon is a collection of letters and symbols which look like a little picture (;-)"
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Do we know where the 'edge' of our solar system is? If so, how? Where is the line, and why? | [
"There are multiple definitions, including: * beyond the orbit of the farthest planet * the *helieopause*, where the solar wind is no longer distinguishable from interstellar space * the point where the sun's gravity is no longer greater than other stars'"
] | [
"> I always see photos of our galaxy with an arrow pointing at some super tiny dot saying \"this is Earth\". Do they really know that that particular dot is actually Earth? Those are all artistic renderings, not photographs. So they can point at an area about where we think our star is and call it Earth, because th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does a tiny seed with very little mass create huge trees? Where does all the wood come from? | [
"Mostly from the air. The biggest part of wood is a form of \"carbohydrate\" and the plants takes carbon and oxygen from the air. Please enjoy [Richard Feynman explaining what fire is and how wood can give you fire](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"New matter cannot be created. The reason we eat food and drink water is to replenish the matter we lose by being alive. The exact same concept goes for plants as well. Your body uses the excess to continue growing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How is a huge number (I. E. Graham's Number) proven to exist? Couldn't anyone just add 1 to that number to prove an even larger number exists? | [
"Graham's number is (or was) the largest number *of mathematical significance*. There are plenty of larger numbers, but no one has found a use for them yet. Graham's number the upper bound for a particular problem in multi-dimensional geometry."
] | [
"The number doesn't exist. You can always find a number than lies between any two numbers you pick (just add them and divide by 2). So if you think you've found a solution, you can also find a number between your solution and 10. But that means that your solution must have been wrong. There are ideas like the hyper... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are ancient buildings still standing to this day but modern building fall apart after a couple decades? | [
"You are missing the millions of buildings which have fallen down since ancient times; you're only seeing the few that have lasted. Given another several millenia, I'm sure a handful of today's buildings will still be mostly standing while the rest have fallen. Also, the ancient building still standing have been ca... | [
"Most of the fault lines are near or run along the coastlines. People liked building cities on the coastlines because of the water access was necessary for transport and travel. All of New Zealand pretty much sits on a fault line so they're hooped regardless. But people didn't know this two, three hundred years ago... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Architecture:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Architecture:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
if everybody is slowly getting richer, where is all the extra money coming from? | [
"Money is just a representation of value creation and value is constantly created. For example someone could buy a $2 notebook and $1 pen and create a $1.000.000 screenplay."
] | [
"When everyone saves their money instead of buying stuff, demand drops (because nobody is buying stuff) this causes the economy not to grow which means nobody is making much money so overall less money is being saved because people are getting less money to save. So even though more people are saving, less is being... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are we afraid to do something when the result can only be better than doing nothing? | [
"Our brains are wired to prefer predictability. Change, even for the better, moves our experience toward unpredictability. The brain likes to think it can account for all contingencies to keep us safe/alive. Introduce the unknown, it responds with fear."
] | [
"The same reason why people with anxiety are anxious even though they know there is nothing to be anxious about. We're not always in control."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are ISIS referred to as "so called Islamic State" on BBC? | [
"They call themselves the islamic state. ISIS is not recognized as a legitimate state by any other world government. So while it's correct to call them \"The Islamic State\" in the sense that that's what they call themselves and people know what you're talking about when you say that, it's also not a state in an of... | [
"ISIS stands for: Islamic State Iraq Syria So all together it's The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can't cell phones act as noise-cancelling headphones? | [
"The waves your cell phone records are too far away from your ear for the phone to just spit out an inverted waveform as active noise cancelling (ANC) headphones do. With multiple recorders and knowing the exact position of where you want to cancel the noise, this would still be doable but most if not all cell phon... | [
"The use active noise reduction. There are two microphones, one pointed towards the mouth and one pointed away. One picks up speech + noise and the other just picks up noise. Subtract the 2nd signal from the first and you are just left with the speech. Similar technology is used in telephones, noise cancelling hea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do Blu-ray Discs know where I stopped watching the movie, even if I restart it on a different player? | [
"The disc doesn't know. Its The player that remembers where you stopped when you last loaded this disc"
] | [
"There's a couple options. If the show or movie is on a streaming service, your can simply play the video on your computer and use a screen capture program to save it to a file. Or, if you want to record a show that only airs on \"normal\" television, you can use a capture card. As for getting movies up before t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
when you take pain meds like aspirin or ibuprofen, does it go treat the pain at the location or is it a general dulling of pain in your whole body? | [
"Once NSAIDs such as aspirin are absorbed, they are widely distributed throughout the body. The drug doesn't all localize to the site of inflammation, and it's not as though there is some substance that binds the drug and carries back only to the injured cells. Unlike opioids which act centrally, however, NSAIDs ac... | [
"it doesnt. everything you take goes to your bloodstream and is distributed to your whole body. Its just a matter of what that particular chemical does. For example, if you take painkiller for a headache, but you back kinda hurt too, both those pains would be alleviated by painkiller. This is why side effects are a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Firewall, antivirus, antimalware. | [
"Firewall stops incoming/outgoing programs/connections on ports/ Antivirus is kind of passive, it detects dodgy exe's that are trying to make changes to the machine malware is somewhat like a virus, except it usually comes in under the guise of working software (or has working components). You install it expecting ... | [
"Malware analyst here. Malware is a generic term encompassing all malicious software. Trojan: typically installed via trickery, modern trojans often contain backdoors etc. This term also covers bots. Distributed in such a way that involves user interaction Virus: cannot spread without a host binary. Often shares t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do UN diplomats understand each other? | [
"The UN has six official languages: English, French, Russian, Spanish, Arabic and Chinese. There are real, live human translators that translate what's being said in real-time. UN diplomats must be able to communicate in at least one of those official languages. If they don't understand what's being said, they have... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do we still have court stenographers? Why don't they just record all the audio in the room? | [
"Because the official record is different than what is said. For example, a judge might rule that fingerprints found by an illegal search cannot be entered into evidence. If a witness testified the defendant's fingerprints were at the scene, the judge would have that testimony stricken from the record, and order th... | [
"Most courts won't allow actual cameras into the courtroom, to protect people's privacy and prevent distractions - news companies send in sketch artists to sketch the action, in order to avoid this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Illegally earned income in taxable, so how do criminals pay taxes on their money without incriminating themselves? | [
"They don't. That's how the government can often get criminals in jail if they cannot prove they committed the crimes they committed."
] | [
"Taking money made by illegal means, and making it look like it comes from a legal source, in order to avoid suspicion from authorities."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If you're slowly being buried alive by sand, (i.e. Aladdin) why can't you step on top of it as it fills up? | [
"When fine particles are in movement they take on the characteristics of a liquid... it's called fluid dynamics... Basically as the grains of sand are poured around you, they're still in motion and haven't had the opportunity to settle yet and so there is no solid surface on which to stand. You'd actually be better... | [
"They don't want to drown in the water that fills the soil where they are. So...they move topside. It's not a foolproof strategy, needless to say."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do doctors/surgeons, especially in major hospitals, work really long shifts? | [
"im not a doctor but i feel like the obvious answer here is that if a hospital has doctors working those kinds of hours its probably because its the only way to make sure there are doctors available 24/7. i mean, they cant just say \"sorry everyone, we would like to help you but our doctors already hit their 10 hou... | [
"Some hospitals do have doctors that focus on teeth and optics. But most of the time these are lumped in with bone and nervous system specialists. The simple fact is that they don't need them there. People waiting for a dentist don't want to have to navigate through a hospital, and hospitals don't want to deal with... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does my iPad detect the touch of my fingers, but not my knuckles? | [
"Nowadays touchscreens are capacitive. Your finger is an electrical conductor, so touching the surface of the screen results in a distortion of the screen's electrostatic field. That said, there's a sweet spot. If your fingers (or knuckles) are too conductive or not enough conductive, the screen doesn't recognize t... | [
"Brushed metal. When my Macbook touches my phone, or a certain part of the charger, or if I mess up when trying to put a USB in and it touches the body of the computer, ugh chills."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can Russia possibly deny that what is happening in the Ukraine is an invasion by their military? | [
"Because they don't think anyone has the balls to call them on it and try to stop them."
] | [
"It has essentially stagnated. Crimea is Russian, and parts of Ukraine are trying to separate and join Russia, which is causing a bit of a civil war in the Eastern parts of the country. So not much has changed since Russia withdrew its troops from the border a few weeks ago."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How LASIK surgery is able recognize and fix vision, but the eye doctor still asks you which slide is better about 100 times and there is next to no difference? Why can't he just scan my eye and tell me what I need for my script? | [
"Sometimes their machines are wrong. I have a disease called keratoconus and as a result the prescription that their machines tell them I should need and what I actually see are way off from one another. We only figured out that I had the disease to begin with because he couldn't understand why the prescription I w... | [
"Since your eye is a lens, it works both ways. They can measure the optics of a baby's eyes and determine if they are in need of correction. This isn't perfect - going through a classic eye exam will always yield superior results, but until the child is old enough, they can at least get close(er) this way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does working out make your veins show more? | [
"A few things: 1. in the short/immediate term you're simply pumping more blood through your veins - a physiological response from the increased demand on your body. 2. in the longer term, you're likely working towards a lower body fat. Lower body fat will result in more veinous structures being closer to the skin's... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is Islamic State in Syria and Iraq able to access the Internet? | [
"Why would the world want to shut down a source of intelligence? All communications out of those locations are being monitored. Sometimes they fuck up and give us their plans. Also, in my opinion, the powers that be do not want the recruitment to stop. They either want to weed out who can be converted, get them in... | [
"Because the US, Russia, and Israel are powerful enough to get away with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
When to use "I" and when to use "me"? | [
"\"I\" is used when the sentence is about you doing something: > I see the dog. > I want to go to the beach. > I am running. \"Me\" is used when something else is doing something to you: > He saw me. > The dog ran up to me. > Can you take me along?"
] | [
"If you would use **him**, use **whom**. If you would use **he**, use **who**."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are dental and vision insurance separate from medical insurance? | [
"Tradition. Dental and vision insurance is a relatively new thing (last 50 years) compared to regular medical insurance. Your parents probably paid for these services entirely out of pocket for most of their lives."
] | [
"Pregnant women qualify for Medicaid, which is paid for by the government, if they do not have insurance. The Medicaid cuts off for the woman after the child is born, but will continue to cover the child until it's 18 years old if the mother cannot get health insurance for the family from a private insurance compan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Would a battery pack charge faster if it contained thousands of tiny cells? | [
"Not directly. However, if you build a battery with small cells and force air or coolant between them, it is easier to cool small cells than large ones, which can often make faster charging possible."
] | [
"The older batteries will actually take a charge from the higher powered battery. Making the new battery work harder. Also, you might lose track of your batteries if you swap them and they may leak acid."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do humans not remember the first couple of years of their lives? | [
"Everything we remember thats older than just a few hours are stored on the long-term memory in our brain. Your long-time memory isn't developed when you're a baby. That's why we can't remember our first years."
] | [
"They physically haven't developed the part of the brain that allows sympathy. They are physiologically incapable of understanding from other people's points of view. This area of the brain continues to develop until about age 25."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does the U.S college costs so much while many european countries have it for free? | [
"Just generally speaking, a difference in priorities. Some populations like the idea of government-funded post-secondary education and vote for politicians that reflect that viewpoint. Other countries would rather the government spend elsewhere or just spend less in general, so colleges are consequently largely pri... | [
"Asian colleges offer better deals for international students and some have English language programs. Some are so desperate that free rides are common. Go check them out in Korea or China. Unfortunately most people prefer europe and ignore other regions because they assume fluency in the local language is a requir... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Education:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How an ionic foot detox removes toxins from your body. If it can't, why? | [
"Do they use this in an emergency room when someone is suffering from some form of toxicity? Nope."
] | [
"They do nothing and there is no science. You may experience temporary narrowing due to water loss and compression, but it's just another fake miracle product. If you want to lose weight you need to eat less and move more."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do animals enjoy being pet/scratched? | [
"Have you never had someone scratch your back before??"
] | [
"Are you kidding? Who shouldn't want their back an head scratched all the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why men statistically commit more criminal acts than women? | [
"Probably because crime is a high risk high regard act. Men, typically associated with being resource gatherers, are more likely to engage in such crimes (robberies, burglaries) than women. In violent crimes, similar stories. Men are more likely to demonstrate direct aggression (anything related to threat of harm/... | [
"Asian men are far less attractive to White women than Asian women are to White men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How we get pictures of the universe, with our solar system in the picture? | [
"We don't. It's painted or made in a computer. We also don't have any photos of our galaxy and we don't even know what it looks like."
] | [
"Lots of space, lots of stars, few people studying them, fewer tools to study them with. Can't focus them all in one place or we would never learn much. The one telescope looking over that one solar system finally found one, is all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is tobacco use frowned upon on in majority of sports but is extremely accepted in baseball? | [
"Because baseball players don't need to keep up the standard of health required for more athletically demanding sports"
] | [
"Gaming is a part of primary culture now and is no longer frowned upon. In fact it has not been frowned upon for over a decade by the common culture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Entertainment:"
} |
The Golden Ratio and how it relates to the world around us and the Fibonacci Sequence | [
"Let's start with the fibo sequence. 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 ... Each term is found by adding the previous two terms. The first two terms are 0 and 1. So the third term is 1 because 0 + 1 = 1 The fourth term is then equal to 1 + 1. So 2. Next comes 3. And then 3 + 2, so 5. And on and on. The golden ratio comes abou... | [
"Knowing how something works and being able to recreate it are not the same thing. See: Leonardo da Vinci."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the average temperature of the Earth still rising due to global warming even as holes in the Antarctic ozone layer are healing? | [
"These 2 things are unrelated. Global warming is mostly caused by an excess of greenhouse gasses. The holes in the ozone layer were caused by our use of CFCs which damage the ozone layer. Since CFCs were banned the ozone layer has been able to recover."
] | [
"We found replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and drastically cut down the rate at which we released them into the atmosphere. The holes are still there but have stopped growing and are on the path to recovery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do you sometimes take a nap and wake up in an even worse mood? | [
"You are probably \"napping\" too long, and actually falling asleep for a longer period of time. Rapid eye movement (REM) occurs about an hour and a half after you fall asleep initially, which when woken up in the middle of, will often cause grogginess and lethargy. When taking a nap, you don't need to fall asleep;... | [
"Depends. What kind of waking up are you talking about? The one where you have no chance to go to sleep again (insomnia style) or more like waking up, realizing it’s still bed time, rolling to the side and going back to sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Biology:"
} |
Why do the vast majority of 8-bit (and some 16-bit) video games use the same font? | [
"It's because your fonts can only get so complex on such a low pixel count. It's a font with good thickness, visible curved corners, good contrast, and getting kerning to work will be a hassle. It's a good font, that's been on some good games, so it's a sort of accepted standard. What kind of font would YOU design ... | [
"You can put a lot of stuff into 2-3MB of space. Each byte can represent a number between 0 and 127, and you've got 2-3 millions of them. What makes modern games take up so much space are mostly the images used for the graphics. But the GBA didn't have very detailed graphics - there were only few images, and they ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does it seem like there are so many shady businesses and outright scam artists based in Florida? | [
"Also the warm weather and beaches attract people looking for easy money without putting in the hard effort. Why should I go to school in the northeast and bust my butt when I can mooch off the people at Pompano Beach?"
] | [
"Some states have passed specific laws banning these types of promotions. There was a time when there were a lot of scammy, fraudulent \"sweepstakes\" that harmed a lot of people. The states took action to restrict the ability of companies or individuals to run those kinds of promotions. Since Amazon is so big, it ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is Gas getting so much cheaper, how much cheaper will it get, and how long will it stay cheap? | [
"[Saudi Aramco](_URL_0_) (the Saudi oil company) has substantially increased oil outputs by request of the US and some western countries. This has largely increased the the supply of oil, which has driven down the price big time. The US asked the Saudis to do this in order to put pressure on Russia, who makes near... | [
"On TV, when the price of gas goes up, they say they have no choice but to sell it higher in gas stations too. But when the price goes down, they say that they had already bought a lot of gas when it was higher so they cannot lower the prices immediately or they'd lose money on it. There is probably a good explanat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Economics:"
} |
How do steakhouse restaurants cook so many steaks at the same time to varying degrees of done-ness and get them all relatively correctly cooked for each customer? | [
"When I was a cook, I had to get to know the grill. There are different hot-spots and cooler spots on most grills. I would have 10-15 cuts of meat during busy periods. You really just have to keep track of each one. There are no shortcuts in this tbh. A few tricks I learned while managing everything..If blood is sw... | [
"Here's how it works. You wrap your food in plastic and put it in a water bath set to a precise temperature. It turns out that for protein foods, it's not how long they cook that determines how done they are, but the maximum temperature reached. So sous-vide lets you control precisely whether a steak is rare, mediu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
First Sochi, now Rio. How are cities that win the Olympic bid allowed to do so when they cannot provide acceptable athlete accommodations, have viral water, thefts, etc? Doesn't the IOC have some standards that host cities must meet? | [
"They certainly have lots of standards. The problem is that it takes several years to prepare a city to host the Olympics. By the time it becomes certain that a city isn't going to meet the appropriate standards, there isn't enough time for another city to prepare, so they're kind of stuck hosting it in the city th... | [
"A boycott is still possible but more than likely it would be the FiFA sponsors that would end up forcing a venue change. Qatar would probably be better off now than if the games were actually not held there. They lack the infrastructure to deal with the number of people expected to attend in person, and have essen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does the US government have plans for a nationwide or even worldwide disaster? | [
"Yes, mostly. FEMA, the Defense Department, Homeland security, and all sorts of agencies and local governments have contingency plans for many types of different types of emergencies. One of the funny examples is that the IRS actually has/had a plan on how to still collect taxes after a large-scale nuclear war with... | [
"How would the president conduct a hostile takeover without the military? Also a takeover of what?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does aloe vera help sunburns? | [
"It probably doesn't. It seems that it's no more effective than a placebo. \"The results showed that the aloe vera cream has no sunburn or suntan protection and no efficacy in sunburn treatment when compared to placebo.\" _URL_1_ A few more examples in this NY Times article. _URL_0_"
] | [
"It protects your mouth and teeth from stomach acid. You don't want chemical burns do you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Health and Wellness:"
} |
What would have happened if Hitler won WW2? | [
"There's no way to predict exactly what would have happened, but the outcome would have been pretty dire for a lot of people. There's a branch of fiction devoted to alternate history, and some really good books in it. For this particular 'what-if,' I would recommend the book \"The Man in the High Castle\" by Philip... | [
"Just look what happened when they let Germany annex a few countries before WW2."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the shower squeal and shake when turned on slightly? | [
"You know how whistles and musical instruments work by causing air to vibrate when under high pressure? The water is doing something similar, just at a much lower frequency."
] | [
"It doesn't \"go\" anywhere. It's not flowing. The water in your pipes doesn't go anywhere when you shut off the faucets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are these random pains we sometime experience for a second or two, in arbitrary place of the body? | [
"This is the first nuked ELI5 I've seen that didn't at least have an answer in the comments leftover."
] | [
"Well, that’s not normal. I’ve asked a few people and that doesn’t happen to them either. Are you feeling well? Any sudden headaches? Strange aches in areas of your body?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What caused that "crackling" background sound when you played music on old gramophones? | [
"Those records encoded the music in the shape of a spiral groove which covered one whole side of the disc. A stylus was dragged the length of the groove to get the sound that it encoded. If the disc was dirty or the groove was damaged, there would be a crackling sound. I called it 'campfire music' because it sound... | [
"I like to picture an 80's style tape player is playing there in front of a microphone because no one at the office knows how to do it any other way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
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