query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why is the difference in air pressure able to move things? (Ex. Close a door) | [
"ELI5 pressure is force applied to an area. So if I have high air pressure on one side of a door and low pressure on the other side, the side with lower pressure will apply less force to the door than the higher pressure side as such the net force will push the door towards the low pressure side just as if you and ... | [
"Observe != see We can observe air in many different ways, wind, air pressure, chemically, thermally. Have him hold his hand over a candle, without touching it. What exactly is he feeling, if not hot air."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do our bodies have so many "defenses" that are actually harmful or even potentially deadly? | [
"The vast majority of the time they help keep you alive, just sometimes they don't. The body isn't intelligent, it doesn't know if something it is doing is detrimental overall. These are evolved responses, not intentional strategies."
] | [
"Medicine contains poisons or toxins. In small amounts or diluted forms they may interact with the body in ways that are helpful. In purer forms or larger amounts they could make you sick or kill you. The bitterness is your body's way of warning you against ingesting poisons."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the differences between cognitive and emotional empathy and how is it people with Aspbergers lack one of them? | [
"You are wrong to think aspies lack anything. The best description I have ever heard is it is more like an overload than a deficiency. An overload to the point that you can't distinguish others emotions from your own. And so the mental coping processes they have developed over their life block out almost everything... | [
"Empathetic response. Empathy is the ability to relate to others not just feel sorry for them (that's sympathy). It's how most of our brains are hardwired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
Why when diffusing a bomb cutting all wire simultaneously won't work? I would imagine it would cut power to all sources. | [
"Depends if the trigger circuit is NC (Normally closed) if you don't cut the spark/ignition source first and you break the trigger circuit first, which is normally a closed circuit, that wire cut will cause the explosion to happen. Now your concept in a vacuum makes sense, but you cannot cut through ALL the wires a... | [
"because when you turn on a electric motor, you want it on it's max setting as having it on it's lowest setting may not be enough power to start the fan so then it will burnout."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to stomach acid once food is ready to move to the next step of digestion? How does the body dispose of it without causing harm to itself? | [
"If you mix an acid and a base, you get salt and water. Your stomach has hydrochloric acid. It also has a special lining that protects it from acid. Food and acid then goes from your stomach to the duodenum. There is another connection from your pancreas to the duodenum. The pancreas secretes a base called bicarbon... | [
"> How do our bodies separate solids from liquids during digestion? Everything is absorbed through the intestines into the bloodstream. The kidneys then filter liquids and wastes out of the blood and produce urine. There is no direct connection between the digestive system and the kidneys/bladder so there is no way... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Where does the cliché that all police like donuts come from? | [
"Back in the day and sometimes even now, donut places were the only place open all night, and cops need some place to sit down and take a break, have a coffee, do their paperwork, etc. So it's not hard to see how the two might get relates on people's minds."
] | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is the difference between „Bisexual“ and „Pansexual“? | [
"Bisexual means attracted to two (bi) sexes. Pansexual covers the full spectrum of male, female, gender-fluid, trans, etc."
] | [
"Because not every homosexual woman calls herself gay. Actually, they keep adding letters to the acronym all the time. Last I checked, it was actually LGBTTQQUIAA for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning, Unsure, Intersex, Asexual, Ally."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What exactly happens during the process of making glass so it gets transparent? | [
"When light is absorbed by a material, the electrons are struck by a photon and jump up one or more energy levels. However, it has to be struck by a very specific frequency of light in order to be absorbed. Most opaque materials can absorb a huge range of frequencies within the visible spectrum. Glass, however, can... | [
"Because there are so many elements which needs to be executed properly for the water to look realistic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does bluetooth work? | [
"Think of two FM radios talking to each other where instead of hearing music and singing, you just have on and off sounds that represent 0's and 1's. These 0's and 1's are used to send data back and forth between little tiny radio stations that are within a very small distance away from each other."
] | [
"Connect two computers with a network cable. Bam! Your very own personal Internet!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does hot weather cause power outages? | [
"Air conditioning. A/C uses lots of power - as anyone who lives in a hot climate can tell you. Collectively that sometimes means that more power is needed than power plants can produce. If demand exceeds supply... someone stops getting power."
] | [
"It's drier in your climate during the winter, leading to more static buildup."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Coke push Diet Coke so hard? | [
"Coke sells really well. Diet Coke sells less, so they're trying to increase sales and drive brand awareness. Also it's a company image thing. Diet Coke is falsely sold and percieved as being \"healthy\" so they want to make you think they care about your health."
] | [
"Diet Coke has a deliberately different formula from regular Coke (beyond the substitution of aspartame for HFCS). Coke Zero has the same formula as regular Coke except for the substitution of sucralose for HFCS. So basically: Diet Coke tastes different from regular Coke, and is supposed to. Coke Zero is supposed ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why haven't humans connected the Bering Strait with road or rail? | [
"That bridge would connect Siberia with Alaska. Neither territory has the population to justify the cost of building the bridge. People in the US wanting to send things into Russia or beyond (and vice versa) wouldn't send it the long way around by truck anyway. They'd put it on a boat or a plane and just go mor... | [
"Does it matter if there is water instead of roads between a number of small towns? We have boats and bridges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a box spring for? | [
"For bed frames that do not have supports across the middle. Some bed frames are just the outer rectangle connected at the head, foot and maybe once across the middle. Set a mattress on that by itself and when you sit on it it'll push through the frame. Putting a sturdy box spring on it first prevents that. If you ... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is happening in Hong Kong right now, things look absolutely terrible! | [
"The people of Hong Kong haven't been officially fully a part of China for over a century. China wants it. The people don't want to be a part of it."
] | [
"History would say we are currently in the safest era of living. 24/7 media would have you believe otherwise. Add into the fact that coverage is higher when it happens in 1st world countries too, and it may seem like the world is ending at times. It isn't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do publicly owned companies buy back their own stocks? | [
"A company buys up and retires shares of the company on the stock market. Let's say there are 100 million share of XYZ Co. The company buys up 10 million of them and retires them. Now there are only 90 million shares outstanding. But the company still has the same earnings/profits, so their earnings per share incre... | [
"Because there is no special privilege given to the founder of a company that is publicly traded. He’s a shareholder like everyone else. Or are you asking why he allowed other people to buy shares in his company? Money. Shares are sold to raise money to invest in the business."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why when trying to fall asleep your body does like a "fake fall" and reacts to it. Why and how does it happen? | [
"It's a thing your body evolved to prevent you from hurting yourself in your sleep by moving around. The common reason for that \"falling\" feeling, is that at one point, we slept elevated for safety (like in a tree) and the people who *didn't* jerk awake in their sleep might not have lived long enough to reproduce... | [
"I dont think you get the same benifits. If you try it out, and you lay down and close your eyes you start to relax but that only goes so far. When you fall asleep, your body shuts down everything to the absolute minimum. Heart rate, breathing, energy consumtion etc. Your body recharges because your brain itself ca... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do animation movie studios sync voices to animation? | [
"The easiest way is to record lines and then animate the characters to the voice. They do it this way so that the actors don't need to worry about matching any of the visuals. In a lot of animation studios, they actually film the voice actors recording the lines and give the footage to the animators. If you watch a... | [
"Because you can do the whole thing on a computer instead of hunting for locations like you would have to if you made a live action movie. The advantage compared to 2d animation is that computers can fill in the gaps between positions of the model quite easily these days. That being said though, these movies usuall... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Animation:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Animation:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do Americans pay for those ridiculous medical bills? | [
"They declare bankruptcy. We are drowning in medical debt and student loans, and people wonder why there is an opioid crisis. Before declaring bankruptcy, they try to get help from friends and family through crowdfunding. It’s abominable and tragic."
] | [
"The high prices come from doctors requiring decades of training to even start practicing. Wouldn't you want to be able to make money too? Combine that with the litigious nature of our society and they have to buy malpractice insurance that costs five figures a year. So their pay also has to compensate for that. Me... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does a Geiger Counter have that distinctive sound when detecting radiation instead of just beeping the intensity? | [
"Radiation particles striking a gas filled vacuum tube create a \"spark\" (keeping it simple for a 5 year old). The tube is hooked up directly to a speaker so you're hearing the actual noise. By not introducing another layer of circuitry to transform the no3ose into a beep, you keep the cost and complexity down. Fi... | [
"Americium is radioactive, and we put some next to a radiation detector. When smoke gets in there, the radiation can't reach the detector. Detectors are designed so this sets the alarm off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did the first person to create a watch know what time to set on ? | [
"Before mechanical watches and clocks you had hour glasses and sun dials, so the concept of seconds, minutes and hours was already known. If you want to know how they calibrated them, that was just a matter of counting a lot of times and taking the best mean value."
] | [
"If you were two dimensional, how would I explain the third dimension to you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does sleeping with a fan on during hot summers reliably gives me symptoms similar to a chest cold the day after if colds are caused by viruses? | [
"What symptoms are you talking about? Many things can cause symptoms similar to a chest cold. Allergies, dry air, dusty environments etc"
] | [
"There are over 200 viruses responsible for giving you a cold, so there is a lot of variability between these that your body will deal with over different time lengths, the usual length is 7-10 days if you get a cold but it can be less or up to three weeks. Sometimes your immune system can react quickly to the viru... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Medical:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Medical:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does a bionic arm work? | [
"Myoelectric prosthesis are connected to your body by electrodes on the skin or in the remaining muscles of the limb you lost. If you try to move your missing limb, your brain will still send an electric signal through nerves. The electrodes will sense and transmit the electric signals to your prosthetic arm whose... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do men have nipples? | [
"In the embrionary state of humans, women and men both are \"girls\". As the development continues it depends of several hormones like Mulleran hormone to develop the sexual organs on male or female depending the sex of the embrion. Nipples in men are just a vestige of our embrionary development when once we were \... | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Biology:"
} |
Why do some countries have visible electricity cables above ground whereas other countries have the cables underground? | [
"The key issue is the expense. Installation is far less expense if above ground. Also if the cables are going to need regular access for repairs/junction boxes etc. & #x200B; Another factor with things like pylons is cooling. The cables stay relatively cool compared to burying them. & #x200B; There was an interes... | [
"New York is the oldest, densest city in the US and one of the densest cities in the world. People have been living there for more than a hundred years. When they dig they find all kinds of pipes, cables and wires for water, sewage, electricity and telephones that they need to work around or replace. Also NYC is on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do they protest in Hong Kong right now? | [
"Recent events are banned in ELI5 so I expect this post to be deleted soon. Ok so what happened is China is trying to pass a law in hongkong that allows political and business criminals to be extradited to the mainland. The definitions and extent to which the law could be enforced allows the Chinese government to p... | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can polar or tropical animals live in ZOOs with completely different climate than they are accustomed to? | [
"Many locations around the world actually experience extremes of temperature and weather that fit in with a temperate climate, for instance northern Siberia experienced a heat wave of 32C. So most animals are adapted to temperatures outside what you might expect. In addition small animals like lizards are provided ... | [
"No. We can domesticate a lot of animals, but not all of them. Domesticated animals need to be able to thrive in a human environment. Pandas need specific temperatures and food, so we cannot domesticate them. So it's all about if they can live in our environment or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
when astronauts play with liquids in space aren't they worried about water damage to parts from all the floating liquid? | [
"They have machines that filter the moisture from the air which then gets filtered and recycled for reuse."
] | [
"There would not be much fire: fire needs oxygen. So a manned spaceship could burn, but only where there's oxygen like a cabin or an oxygen tank. Most importantly, there would be NO SOUND. Sounds travels on air and there is no air in space. Also, it would be super dangerous to be near an explosion in space because... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it easier to eat more food if it is delicious? | [
"Your brain decides non-tasty food is not food so it tries to get you to not eat it. It’s a survival mechanism."
] | [
"It takes about 20 minutes for your brain to register you are full. Desert is also super tasty. On a side note, sweet foods suppress appetites. That's why sweet foods are usually served last."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How do painkillers work | [
"The three painkillers you're most probably the most familiar with -- aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen -- all work in roughly the same way, so I'll give a blanket explanation for all three. In your body, there's a family of enzymes known as *cyclooxygenase* (COX). Their purpose is to create something called *p... | [
"It is basically a blocker of certain chemicals in the body which directly mediate pain, inflammation, and fever. By blocking these chemicals you therefore block the pain and inflammation. The minute details honestly aren't super interesting unless you like learning about cellular communication."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
radiation causes cancer, but radiation therapy is used to beat cancer? | [
"Radiation causes DNA damage. DNA damage causes mutations. Mutations *can* cause cancer... but usually trigger apoptosis; cell suicide. Tumors are a concentrated mass of cancerous cells. In radiation therapy, *many* relatively weak beams of radiation are aimed at the tumor from all angles. They are aimed so that th... | [
"Cancer is the term for uncontrolled cell growth. You could create a single cure for them all, but it's unlikely. For example, you could have a super small machine in the bloodstream that detects and kills cancerous cells. The best options we have now are surgery and drugs. Unfortunately, both of those are harmful ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are armies able to get away unpunished with civilian kills, but if a civilian killed someone by accident, he would be punished? | [
"I guess you can put a US vs anti-US spin on any issue if you want to ignore inconvenient facts. A cynical but perhaps realistic view is that for the most part of humanity's history, \"Might makes right\". If you have the biggest force, the will to use it and the wealth to maintain it; you set the rules. This is st... | [
"Because most of the time, the army isn't called to stop a protest unless it has become a full fledged riot. And rioters are not exerting their right to protest anymore, they have just become a danger to themselves and others and to private and public property, and must be dealt with as such. In the case of peacef... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do people sometimes say persons instead of people? Like “displaced persons”, instead of “displaced people”? | [
"Both \"people\" and \"persons\" are plurals. \"Persons\" is generally used when it is a group which is specified, in your case \"the displaced persons\". \"People\" is generally used when it is a generic group, like \"people from France\". Note that I said \"generally\", because these definitions can be different ... | [
"Writing “Duncans” makes it plural, implying there are multiple people named Duncan in the scenario. Then, it would be “Duncans are disappointed”. “Duncan’s” is a possessive noun: “That is Duncan’s house” It can also be a contraction of “Duncan” and “is”: “Duncan’s not thrilled” Edit: “Duncan’s disappointment”: co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do motorcyclists see through their helmet visors when riding in the rain? | [
"Rain is see through. No different to a car driver. Except the wind caused by moving clears the visor. Or they wipe it. & #x200B; Source - Riding a motorbike."
] | [
"Headlights improve visibility of your car regardless of whether it is night or day. You may not need them to see, but other drivers can see you better when they are on. Thus, some roads or some weather conditions can require you to have them on. I drive with my lights on 100% of the time. Night or day, rain or sh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why dont we use XLR outputs on guitars? | [
"There's no advantage to switching to XLR (except maybe that it locks in). & #x200B; There is a pretty big disadvantage that guitars, amps, and pedals, are all designed to use 1/4\" already. Also lots of gear that uses XLR is meant to be used with microphones or at least mic-level devices. Guitars are not mic leve... | [
"It splits an 1/8th inch audio out port into it's components, video and sound (left & right channels)... It is usually used with a specialized device that works with something like a camcorder or camera... So you can hook up (using standard RCA patch cords) a tv to the camcorder to play back your recordings..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don’t car manufacturers make cars that seat 3 up front anymore? | [
"Seating 3 means a bench seat. Bench seats feel cheaper (and they are) and they're less comfortable. People want bucket seats that adjust 10 different ways. And without a center console there's less room for cupholders and phone chargers."
] | [
"Gives you the room and capabillity of an SUV (that was already super popular) but gives you better gas mileage more like a standard car. Crossovers make good family cars. As in room for the parents and kids etc and have plenty of room to throw stuff in with them. This is why SUVs were popular before crossovers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What exactly is the Google Stadia? | [
"Stadia isn't really a thing it's a service, some people describe it as Netflix for video games. You'll need to buy the controller from Google and pay a subscription fee and it will let you play video games without a console over the internet. Apparently you can play on any Chromecast enabled device, so a computer ... | [
"Advertising, selling info, and premium versions of the free stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Technology:"
} |
How can one tell the difference between feeling guilty, ashamed, or embarrassed about doing or saying something? | [
"The differences are kind of subtle and there's certainly a lot of overlap, but I feel guilt when my words/actions hurt or inconvenience someone other than myself; ashamed when I disappoint myself and my own personal standards, regardless of anyone else's involvement; and embarrassed when I do something publicly th... | [
"Because it can be hard to tell the difference between mental illness and being a jerk. If I forget to pick you up from the airport because I broke my leg, that is pretty cut and dried. But if I say I was depressed, that is harder to read. Am I a jerk, and just saying I was depressed? Do I really suffer from depres... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why phone and laptop companies still use Li-ion batteries? | [
"They’re all still in the development stage- not yet possible to mass produce efficiently, meaning they’d be quite pricey"
] | [
"Nope. Not always anyway. The memory effect was a phenomenon in NiCd and NiMH type rechargeable batteries. Most batteries these days use Li-Ion, which is actually harmed by doing full depletion cycles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How toilet systems were built. How on earth does a city withstand the amount of waste flushed down everyday? | [
"A sewer system is a network of pipes that mostly flow down hill (your home's is above the sewerline which is above your neighborhood's sewer line which is above the major sewerlines, which is above the sewage treatment plant), which is a big tank that lets waste be digested by bacteria until the sewage is back to ... | [
"Because humans poop alot and poop is full of pathogens and bacteria that want to kill you. By \"simple grey water methods\" I assume you mean septic tanks and cesspools which require a lot of time and area to get the job done. Modern day treatment plants create the perfect conditions for nature to take its course ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
When you lay down on your side (w/ your head sideways), why do you see with a slightly redder hue out of the lower eye and a greener hue out of the upper eye? | [
"This is caused by pressure differences in your eyes changing the functionality of the cones (color receptors). I had an in depth discussion with an optometrist about this once."
] | [
"That's just because of the shape of your eye. The interior of your eye isn't flat, it have a concave shape. So the light from the sky, enter you eye and illuminate the bottom of your eye. The light from the ground enter your eye and illuminate the top of your eye. So your eye see everything upside down. You brain... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:"
} |
What exactly do Nvidia developers update when they release drivers for a game? | [
"Former game developer, & #x200B; Driver developers work with studios to develop custom driver profiles so those games run optimally. Often enough the studio is doing the wrong thing, and at that point in development, it's often easier to fix it in the driver than tell the studio to do something right."
] | [
"It's basically an entirely different computer in your computer wholly dedicated to making images. It has its own processor, power management, and ram. The updates are not unlike all the other updates that happen in your computer, the developers continue working on and supporting that system to ensure that it runs ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why isn’t light noisy? It’s going faster than the speed of sound, so why doesn’t it make a sonic boom? | [
"Because it is not made of atoms, or indeed any particles that have any mass. Most of the photons (light particles) zoom between the air molecules rather than pushing against them."
] | [
"As the jet moves it pushes air out of the way. The fastest the air can move out of the way is the speed of sound. So when the jet goes at the speed of sound air can’t move out of the way quick enough and builds up at the front of the jet. Once the jet goes faster than the speed of sound it leaves this build up beh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Physics:"
} |
What is the difference between hydrocarbons and carbohydrates? | [
"Oxygen. Hydrocarbons are pure carbon + hydrogen, while carbohydrates contain oxygen as well. Hydrocarbons are also *engine* fuel and used in industry, while carbohydrates are *people* fuel (i.e. food) and used in biochemistry. Also, to be considered a carbohydrate, the molecule must have 2x or more the amount of h... | [
"Yes there is. Organic compounds are molecules that consist mostly of carbon and hydrogen (though they can contain other elements such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, etc). These compounds can be naturally occurring (methane) or artificial (plastic). Non-organic compounds can also be naturally occurring (f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does anxiety cause such frequent lavatory trips? Even without being anxious at the very moment? | [
"It’s your fight or flight reaction kicking in. Your body is getting rid of anything it doesn’t need in preparation to fight or flee out the situation causing you anxiety."
] | [
"Likely because some part of the process makes you anxious and you experience a mini fight-or-flight reaction of blood being drained from your extremities to be pumped into things your body deems more important in the moment. Possibly resulting in your hands even becoming totally numb. Source: Am deathly afraid of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How much influence do large banks have on government laws, and why? | [
"Anyone with large amounts of money can have influence. You can't specifically say \"Vote for this law and I'll give you a bunch of money\" but you can make large contributions to the politicians campaign funds or let them know that after their political career is done that they have a really good chance of having ... | [
"It depends on the country. In a developed, properly managed country, like the US, what would actually happen is that the United States Federal Reserve, the big bank that loans out money to other banks, would lower their interest rate. This encourages regular banks to borrow money from them because they won't have ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do babies have thoughts or react to language when they have no concept of language? | [
"I studied brain science in university. Very little human thought takes place using language. Most of our brain can't use language at all, and the part that can is way too limited and slow to handle most of what we do."
] | [
"Language helps a lot. Language is like the device driver of the brain. It helps think abstract thought, memory and developing a self. If also creates an inner voice. If a person fails to learn language when they are young because they are born deaf or other reasons, they will fail to develop an inner voice and the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Science:"
} |
How can antibiotics mask symptoms? If you're feeling better, doesn't that mean they're working? | [
"In a bacterial infection, symptoms are caused by things like toxins and the immune system working to fight the bacteria. Antibiotics assist the immune system by targeting the bacteria and kill them. Therefore there are fewer toxins being secreted by the bacteria, and your body's immune system doesn't need to work ... | [
"There are exactly zero viruses that we know how to cure. Influenza? Nope. Chicken Pocks? Nope. HPV? Nope. When people give you medicine for viral infections its either an antibiotic (might treat symptoms, extremely bad idea) or a medicine specially designed for treating the symptoms. That's it. The medicine makes ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why chefs and cooks won't use pans with heat insulated handles? | [
"It's safer, and some do. But non-insulated ones are cheaper, and they can go in the oven, so you can cook more dishes with them. & #x200B; Would you, in a hurry, as a chef, prefer a pan that can be used for everything but you have to remember to grab it with a towel or prefer to have to sift to find 'just the rig... | [
"Plastic won't hold heat the way metal utensils and glass do, so less evaporation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does every language contain pairs words that mean the opposite of each other (e.g. "add" and "subtract"), when a negative prefix like "un-" could just be added to one of them instead? | [
"Well in English at least, \"un\" implies that you are reversing an effect that you have already applied. So, to \"un-add\" something would imply that you have added the thing already, where \"subtract\" simply means \"take away\"."
] | [
"The other answers so far are wrong. It is not a suffix. It is a bound morpheme. A bound morpheme refers to any piece of a word that can't appear in isolation. That is, a suffix is a *type* of bound morpheme, but there are other types of bound morphemes other than affixes (prefixes and suffixes). In fact, the examp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Language:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Language:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do inmates spend years, and most times decades on death-row? | [
"Under American law, the death sentence carries with it several automatic appeal processes that start immediately upon sentencing. That means that these cases take an unusually long amount of time to drag through the legal system as they're reviewed by multiple legal teams and multiple judges for bias and errors. U... | [
"A death sentence usually means the case goes from one appeal in court to another to another to another to appeal the death sentence. This costs a lot of money as lawyers are needed to handle the appeals, costing the state money. There are also special cells and prisons to hold people on death row. It means additio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Law and Justice:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Law and Justice:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do you measure and describe "direction" when standing at the North or South Pole? | [
"Latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates can be used to describe a location regardless of position on Earth. They are unique points. If you want to tell someone where to go *relative* to you, you could always use degrees from a reference."
] | [
"Quite simply, you're looking at the names backwards The planet's poles were named because direction the magnet points, not the other way round :-) North on Earth is the direction the North end of a magnet points. The North pole is actually the \"south\" magnetic pole of the Earth's magnetic field."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why don’t you need to wear a seatbelt on public transportation? | [
"For one thing, busses are much heavier than cars, so in a collision they will usually experience much less deceleration. But if you drive into a tree or wall that won't help you."
] | [
"Planes are thoroughly inspected before every flight to ensure everything is ok. Do you inspect your car every day before your commute to work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How is there liquid water drops in cirrus clouds, where temperatures can be 30 below freezing | [
"Freezing and boiling temperatures change with pressure. At low pressures such as way up in the atmosphere the freezing temperature is much lower. Also even though the ambient temperature is so low, there still a lot of movement which helps prevent things from solidifying."
] | [
"No, water does get somewhat denser if it is frozen at colder temperatures. Additionally many plants have chemicals and enzymes in them that lowers the freezing point of the water in their cells. So the water in them might not freeze until the temperature is 10, 0, or as you state -20."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What's the dealt with all the "Nobody:" memes? | [
"Nobody: Not a single soul on the world: u/59ezswpmm: \"What's the deal with all the\" Nobody:\" memes?\""
] | [
"Bitch grade or non bitch grade, Poseidon decides."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why MRI machines make so much noise. | [
"because on the inside of the machine, the large metal coils are vibrating when electricity passes through rapidly, creating a magnetic field, which causes the banging noise. the louder the bang, the more the vibration, the more detailed the scan."
] | [
"Because it makes no goddamn sense, just like love."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what is light made of? | [
"Light is made of photons. Photons are really interesting in that they have some properties of matter and some properties of wave. This makes light act differently in different situations."
] | [
"Maybe let's start with: what is ring tone rap?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If a DNA sample is not available, can a close determination of a DNA profile be made of that person if there are DNA samples of blood relatives? | [
"Yes. That's how they caught the golden state killer. Police collected DNA from the crime scenes but didn't have a suspect to collect a sample from for comparison. Eventually, they tried comparing the DNA evidence against a database of people who had voluntarily published the results of a home DNA test (like ances... | [
"The kind of DNA sample that would be used for a criminal DNA database does not provide any other information about you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do rats’ eyes work? | [
"The work surprisingly like other mammal eyes [(sample paper)](_URL_0_ ). They stick out because of how they are mounted, the eye itself is still spherical. They are ultra wide angle, which is more common in prey species than the narrow field stereo vision in a predator (like cats or humans)."
] | [
"In the backs of your eyes there are things called cones and rods. They are responsible for you being able to see colors. The more rods and cones you have, the more color you see. The same for the opposite. Scientists can check other animals eyes to see how many they have, and thats how they can tell"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do works of fiction usually use acid instead of alkali to depict corrosive substances? | [
"Because most people understand what you mean when you say acid but would have to question what an alkali is. It keeps it simple for the majority audience"
] | [
"They do. The acid in lemon juice and vinegar can trigger the same chemical reactions as sulfuric acid, but they're much weaker and the reactions aren't nearly as intense. Lemon juice can be used to make a battery, can cause mild burns on sensitive parts of your skin, and can even \"cook\" food in ways very similar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How come ants can take so much damage and survive ? | [
"ants (and most other insects) are pretty simple organisms, whose bodies do not have many of the same critical organs we have. They can't suffer a punctured lung for example, because they don't have lungs: they 'breathe' by absorbing oxygen through their abdomen. If they lose a limb they can probably get by on the ... | [
"Because they're dumb. They really don't have a lot of mental capacity. They just land somewhere, push their face into the ground, if it's food they eat it, and if not then they fly somehwere else. Add to this their horrible eyesight, which is only really useful for noticing large objects that try to squish them, a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is it so hard to permanently cure allergies? | [
"Because allergies aren't caused by some external factor like viruses or cancer that can be killed/removed from your body they're caused by your own immune system being oversensitive. We are theoretically perfeclty capable of curing allergies but it would entail destroying your entire immune system, which, needless... | [
"You can't cure the sickness, but you can treat the symptoms. That's all these medicines are doing. It provides some relief."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does the action of scrubbing your hands (often with soap) help kill off bacteria? | [
"It won't necessary kill the bacteria, but it will remove them from your hands: Soap is slippery and a slippery surface will prevent the bacteria to stick on."
] | [
"The goal of scrubbing in to surgery is to reduce the number of bacteria on the surgeons skin so as to reduce the chance of infection in the patient. to do this, doctors scrum thoroughly with bactericidal soap (generally beta dine surgical scrub) and make sure to get all parts of their hands. This includes cleaning... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is antimatter, and has there been any real-life examples in existence or is it only a theoretical substance? | [
"Antimatter is basically the same as regular matter except with the opposite charge. For instance, the anti-electron is called a positron. Also, when matter meets antimatter they annihilate each other in a large explosion. Antimatter has absolutely been observed. Radioactive decay gives off both positrons and elect... | [
"At this point. Scientists don't even know if wormholes exist. We have never observed one. It is purely theoretical. However it is likely they exist according to our current theorys of space time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do job applications in the U.S. always separate "Hispanic or Latino" from everyone else in the ethnic background section? | [
"Hispanic/Latino heritage overlaps skin color, as there are White, Mestizo, and Black Hispanics. They are a separate ethnic group that the US measures in the census, and they have unique issues with racism and discrimination, so Hispanic/Latino is separated out from the other questions to help with measurements and... | [
"With regard to the U.S. Census, Hispanic doesn't mean from Spain -- it means people from Mexico and Latin America, ie. Spanish speakers. Hispanics make up about 17% of the U.S. population currently."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
With a parliament system with elected officials in the UK, what purpose does the Royal Family serve? | [
"IIRC,Nothing much, they exist due to tradition. So while technically they are in charge of the military and country they just follow what parliament wants. They can use their powers to stop certain proceedings, but it’s almost never done as interfering with the politicos can cause massive backlash. Some links that... | [
"Because the American governmental system consists of three branches, Executive (President), Legislative (Congress) and Judicial (Supreme Court). Each entity is separate, yet linked. I'm assuming that you're not an American and that your assumption is based off of an understanding of British-style parliamentary sys... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can someone please breakdown why/what they are protesting in Hong Kong? | [
"Right now Hong Kong and China operate under different legal systems with different laws, despite in concept both being part of China. What the proposed change would do is allow people to be arrested and extradited to China from Hong Kong, meaning for example the bookseller who distributes literature critical of th... | [
"Can someone please just eli5? I don't understand any of this. What does this mean for me? A citizen of the United states."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how is it possible people can create things like working internet and computers in unmodded Minecraft? Also, since they can make computers, is there any limit to what they can create in Minecraft? | [
"Minecraft provides the fundamental elements required to build a computer: circuits (wires), logic gates, memory and a clock, as well as mechanisms for input (programming) and output. With these basic building blocks you can theoretically simulate a functioning computer, though there are practical limits to how eas... | [
"Because standing on the shoulders of giants is easy, and modders don't design for the average user. So first of all, modders take something that is already built... and make it better. That's a far cry from building everything from scratch which is what the developers do. Is it really worth spending millions of do... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the difference between normal sensation and pleasurable sensation | [
"we are evolved to enjoy the sensations experienced by sexual organs so that we (the human race, as well as other animals) will want to do things with them that feel good and lead to babies. arms dont make babies"
] | [
"The part of the brain that controls emotion stimulates the vagus nerve when stressed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does pouring a beer result in more foam than pouring a soda? | [
"Beer is made with grain. The grain contains proteins That contribute to the foaming you see. Soda only contains sugar and flavorings that do not foam as much."
] | [
"If you ever open a bottle, you’ll see it’s a completely different drink - less frothy, a bit more bitter, and a very bubbly froth when poured. The widget is there to put a creamy head on it when you pour. It’s purpose is to try mirror the same pint you’d get in a pub."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are people in the military credited with a certain amount of kills? | [
"I can't speak for all militaries, but for the US fighter aircraft have had a gun camera in them since just before WW2. When the trigger is pulled a camera takes pictures and often the damage to the enemy aircraft is recorded. After the war, records were compared, adjustments made Now a days we have HUD cameras tha... | [
"You get a percentage of your pay for the rest of your life as a pension after 20 years. I think if you serve 28 years that gets up to 100 percent though I could be wrong about how many years that takes. We call these retirees and they also get medical and dental benefits and are entitled to a military burial when ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do crayons get their pigment? | [
"Both of your answers are correct. Some colours can be produced naturally by things found in nature, but more often then not, they use chemicals. Iron for example is naturally red and so can be used to colour things red or orange. Different chemical compounds form with different colours and can therefore be used to... | [
"All paint is colored by pigments which are usually chemicals that we find naturally in our world. We used to make our pigments from all sorts of different animals, plants, and metals. For instance, red or yellow could be made from rust (iron oxide). Think about how iron on an old car rusts and creates a dark red-... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
. Why can the stomach/colon be empty and yet within minutes of eating corn it passes through undigested? What’s the point of eating corn? Apart from the delicious factor. | [
"The shell of the corn kernel goes through your digestive system undigested but the soft inner parts are readily digested."
] | [
"They absorb fluid and dependant on the type of bread/cracker it may work against the acidic stuff in your tummy and shit. I'm no expert, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Does anything exist on a 2 dimensional level? | [
"There is no truly 2-Dimensional thing in the world. At least nothing that has been proven yet. (I think the string theory has \"branes\" that are, but that is far from experimental confirmation While any 'object' in our world has 3 spatial dimensions there are concepts that are. A surface is 2D, but it's a philoso... | [
"there is no example of a perfect circle anywhere on earth, let alone around its circumference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are many fantasy creatures depicted with narrower eyes than their real life counterpart? | [
"I think you pretty much answered your own question. Humans anthropomorphize things, it's kinda our defining trait. So naturally in any depiction of any kind of creature that is supposed to read as \"formidable\" or \"crafty\", you're gonna see human specific facial postures that read that way to other humans. Beca... | [
"What are dragons? Not all of them are flying reptiles that can breathe fire. It's not unlike taking a tree and a bush and calling them plants. Dragons probably stemmed from each societies interpretation of living reptiles they observe in their surroundings."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do foods that are hard get soft when they go stale, but foods that are soft get hard when they go stale? | [
"Because the moisture content of the food item is balancing out with the moisture content of the surrounding air. Hard foods tend to be dry and will therefore absorb moisture and end up softer. On the other hand, soft foods will lose moisture and end up dryer and therefore harder."
] | [
"Food going bad is mostly the work of bacteria and fungus. They settle in and multiply rapidly. On bacteria makes 2 makes 4, 8, 16, 32 and so on. As bacteria and fungus (mold is fungus) grow they eat the fruit for energy and the fruit shrinks, shrivels, and get mushy as it's slowly eaten. The reason we put things i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Food Science:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Food Science:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it so hard to recover from an Achilles Rupture? but can 100% recover from a Torn ACL, which is considered the second worst injury an NBA player could have. | [
"You don’t recover from ACL. You undergo a restorative surgery where they replace torn ACL with another ligament (most commonly either part that connects kneecap or the one that connects hamstring). If that is a recovery then sure 100% recovery it is. Oh and even with surgery it is far not 100% same. I still feel u... | [
"Source - My dad used to run marathons Your body doesn't know the difference between running a marathon and getting hit by a bus. Its horrifically bad for the body. Remember the story of the original marathon... that dude DIED at the end. So you don't want to push your body beyond its limits *until you actually are... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What are the effects of tearing one's ACL and why is it regarded as a career ender in sports? | [
"Well, ligaments are the tissue that attach bones to other bones. The ACL, and MCL, are important because they're connecting the top and bottom halves of the leg. With a torn ACL, your leg has veeeeeery little support at the knee. Its difficult to put weight on it, and even more difficult to apply any force to push... | [
"To be honest, it's pretty bad, but athletes are highly driven people who frequently put their athletic success above their health. In games like football and other pro sports, it's also a risk to their career to take time out because of an injury, so they take radical steps to manage the pain (opiates, nerve block... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are football (soccer) fields checkered with grass of different shades of green? | [
"The grass is cut before the match, the roller on the mower pushes the grass in one direction or the other depending upon which direction the mower is travelling. The groundsman can come up with creative patterns created by the roller effect and some take pride in doing some innovative patterns."
] | [
"The reflection of light. Most grasses are slightly glossy. If you run your mower one way then make a pass in the opposite direction, it'll seem like the grass is different colors. On one hand you've got all those grass blades pointing at you. On the other you're looking at the sides of all the grass blades thus cr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What creates a person's musical preference? | [
"Music, i think, is like the second half of a loop: we put music, to put us in a loop, sometimes to feel more of how we already feel, or sometimes less. I would guess that it is whatever captivates your heart and or mind, you will choose the music to \"complete\" it, if you are sad, you might want to feel a deeper ... | [
"Well, what are you interested in? That's where you should start. Is there any particular area that gets your attention? A decade? A century? A country? Something?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
- Why kitchen sinks take more time to get hot or cold than bathroom sinks? | [
"Has nothing to do with kitchen or bathroom, only depends on the distance the water has to travel from the heater to the output."
] | [
"That would necessitate two different water sources coming to your house and an additional plumbing system to keep your toilet separate from your sinks, showers, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The difference between a Story, Saga, Epic, Cycle, Novel, etc. | [
"Story, novella and novel are single works of literature in ascending order of length and complexity. A cycle is several novels united by a common setting and protagonists. Epic and saga are cooler words for a cycle. However, epics and sagas tend to be more monolithic than \"normal\" cycles. For example, several no... | [
"Best Seller... in what? If you break everything up into categories you can have dozens of \"Number One Best-Sellers\". Best Seller... this week Best Seller... this year Best Seller... in Romance Best Seller... in Historical Fiction... and so on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do toys with dying batteries sound weird? | [
"Batteries will operate at the correct voltage when they are full or partially filled, but at the very low end the voltage will drop a little and current will also be limited. Most electronics are designed to work at a specific supply voltage, when this is not given all kinds of effects can happen (even destruction... | [
"Clearly you have an educated ass. Batteries usually do not corrode until they are completely discharged. Your kids need to turn off toys when they are done with them, and take out dead batteries as soon as they die. Valuable life lessons."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How tendons connect to the bone? | [
"By way of something called sharpeys fibers. Their type 1 collagen(type 1 collagen is designed for tensile loads, meaning it can withstand great amounts of force when pulled on)"
] | [
"There are a lot of ligaments, muscles and tissue holding/keeping them in place. The only 'empty' cavities in our body are in the digestive system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
statistical significance. | [
"Simply put: something is statistically significant when you can be more certain than not that the result actually represents reality, and wasn't just unlucky coincidence. Imagine I have a ball pit. Exactly one of every three balls is red, the rest blue. If I pull out balls at random I might very well be unlucky a... | [
"Same difference between color and colour. Continent-based spelling differences."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't we truly delete pictures and documents from a cellhpone or a computer ? | [
"Computer storage is designed to be stable for a long period of time. Some technologies, like flash memory, have a limited number of changes and a long storage life. When you \"delete\" something, the storage is just marked as \"unused\". Actually erasing it is bad for 2 reasons: a) it takes more time, and slow is ... | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a Nintendo 3DS produce its 3d effect? | [
"It has two screens on top of one another and the light projects at different angles to trick your eye into believing it’s 3D. If you move the 3DS too far to one side, the effect will disappear."
] | [
"The 3D on a 3DS is not recommended for children under 7 because the technology it uses relies on your eyes being a certain distant apart from each other, and it takes a few years to get there on a human head. When your eyes are too close together, you'd have to hold the 3DS much closer to your face to get the corr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what is Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) ? | [
"It's an old way for devices to talk to one another through wired connections, created by IBM and pretty much only used by IBM. At one point, there were a lot of competing standards (SCSI, Ethernet, Econet, Token Ring, LocalTalk, RS-232, IEEE 488), but most of these standards have died out, and most devices today t... | [
"Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Server Virtualization. ](_URL_5_) ^(_25 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Virtual Machines And Virtualization ](_URL_1_) ^(_7 comments_) 1. [ELI5: what exactly are virtualization technologies like Hyper-V, App-V, MED-V? What is a \"hypervisor\"?... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What does "support/maintenance" for software mean? What is part of it, why do companies pay money for it instead of foregoing it to save money? | [
"It's like buying a really nice warranty for your phone. If your phone breaks, and you don't have the warranty, then you better hope you know how to fix it. But, if you bought the nice warranty, then you get 24/7 support from the manufacturer who will answer any questions you have, will fly a guy over to your house... | [
"It depends. Sometimes they make the language for a specific company. Sometimes they make the language, then charge people to use it. Sometimes they just make languages for free and don't make money. Other times they make the language for free and sell software for it, or charge for their expertise (if the language... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
how do periods work? How do our bodies know when to start/stop bleeding and how much to let loose on each day? | [
"So, the blood is the lining of the uterus shedding. It builds up throughout the month in case of pregnancy, as a place for the fetus to anchor to basically. At a certain place in the hormone cycle the body realizes \"oh, I dont need this\" and sheds it. Its not regular blood abd body parts, its that extra \"in cas... | [
"Two things: Thing A: Having your period is usually not debilitating. Exercise helps a great deal with cramps, and usually by the time you are an adult if you do happen to be one of the unlucky few with terrible cramps you have probably learned to control them or gotten on medication that helps. Also, it isn't \"... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the iris of an eye colorful? | [
"The pigment in the iris (called melanin) is what makes the iris opaque. Most membranes in the body that are as thin as the iris are translucent and what wouldn't keep the light out (aka work). Different people have different mutations in genes which influence the production of melanin, and that results in eyes of ... | [
"That specific color green is the only color not found in human skin, and eye color. Yellow would end up having slivers of your skin turn invisible when they remove that color."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do dark green bottles prevent the beverages from degrading? | [
"You know how if you leave something in direct sunlight for a long time it gets \"bleached\" by the sun? That's because some of the light the sun gives off is energetic enough that it can damage pigment molecules in the object and changing the color it appears to be. The same thing can happen with other things, lik... | [
"Glass beer and wine bottles can be washed and re-used. Beer is stored in dark bottles because UV light can spoil the beer. It is more practical for soda companies to sell their product in cans because, not only are cans recyclable, soda is acidic. The CO2 tends to \"leak\" from a bottle much faster than a can, bec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does a SSD read data quicker then a HDD. | [
"An [SSD](_URL_0_) has memory chips inside, so \"reading data\" is just a matter of the electronics inside the SSD to find where in memory that data is. A [HDD](_URL_1_) stores data magnetically on platters (disks). Sort of like magnetic CD's. Reading data involves moving an arm with the magnetic heads to the posit... | [
"From a user standpoint they operate the exact same. From a technical standpoint if the external drive is a solid state drive (no moving parts) it is effectively the exact same as a flash drive. If it's not a solid state then it reads and writes using a spinning disc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do flies get into surfaces where they don't fit into | [
"I suspect that the body of the fly is smaller then you suspect and it can get deformed.Holes in net to keep insect out is smaller then that for a reason. Look at [_URL_0_](_URL_0_) for a human trough a hole. The limitation for a human is the width of the chest and the width of the head (you can turn it 90 degree).... | [
"Because people usually wash process and wash the plants off, they don't eat plants covered in shit straight from the ground"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do carrion not get sick from eating rotten meat? | [
"Their stomachs produce digestive fluids that are more acidic than animals that avoid eating rotten meat or eat plants. The high acidity kills the bacteria."
] | [
"That's not really true. Some insects and fungi live almost exclusively on decaying wood and leaves. Beetles of the order Passalidae live and breed inside rotting logs, and certain types of mushrooms will grow on damp or dead wood. It is probably more correct to say decaying fruits and animals attract the kinds of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how slavery worked in prehistoric/ ancient times. | [
"They couldn't. Rome had three slave uprisings during the Republic that turned into full scale wars. The uprisings that were less successful dont get mentioned. Spartacus and his army could have escaped Italy at one point even as they had made it to the Alps. But for some reason they turned around to keep fighting... | [
"Rejection is embarrassing and was a big loss of social status in the much smaller societies of the pre-agricultural period that makes up > 99% of our biological history. Source: books. Also, very pretty. Source: no source needed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If plastic is non-biodegradable, is it possible to integrate it into building materials to “lock” it out of the natural environment? Why haven’t we done so already? | [
"It's possible, but plastic isn't very strong compared to other building materials (concrete, steel, even wood), so it makes for fairly poor building material. We choose for efficiency over building material instead of trying to recycle plastic into inefficient building materials. EDIT: Since plastic is a petroleum... | [
"Trees are renewable and can be harvested sustainably. Plastic comes mostly from oil products and is limited. Paper will degrade pretty rapidly in the environment where plastic does hardly at all. The last point is important, as paper will eventually give us more soil whereas plastic needs to be stuck in a hole for... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What's the difference between guitar amps and speakers? | [
"A guitar amp & speaker is designed to change the raw sound of the electric guitar. This is partly to do with history, and partly to do with physics. The physics of the electric guitar means that is you put it through a high fidelity amplifier - like a PA, domestic hifi or even bluetooth speaker - it sounds rubbish... | [
"Passive pickups are basically a wire around a magnet which \"picks up\" the signal from the vibrating string. Active pickups usually include some other circuitry like a pre amp or an EQ and usually have a higher \"clearer\" output. They power this extra functionality usually with a battery that you plug into the g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the Holographic Principal? | [
"I don't have much knowledge on the topic, but I will only correct the question. It's **Holographic Principle, not Principal.**"
] | [
"From a more general perspective, there's this great video by Tom Scott - _URL_1_ - Why Computers Suck At Translation And enjoy the similarly brilliant - _URL_0_ - Adjectival Order: Why A \"Big Red Balloon\", not a \"Red Big Balloon\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do marketplaces (e.g. _URL_0_) handle currencies? | [
"> And would that not be a problem when the hotel gets paid? No. _URL_0_'s bank and the hotel's bank would work it out so that the hotel gets paid in their preferred currency. & #x200B; > I book a hotel in the us in GBP and then choose to pay on arrival, do I pay in the exchange rate when I booked or the exchange... | [
"People [buy ad space on reddit](_URL_1_). (In the sidebar, disable adblock on reddit if you have it on and want to see the ads). People buy membership for additional features, [Reddit gold.](_URL_0_) Reddit sells stuff in the [Reddit Store](_URL_2_)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:"
} |
what the proposed extradition bill means for Hong Kong and mainland Chinese citizens (please and thank you) | [
"China and Hong Kong is under a one country, two systems type of structure where Hong Kong could do it's own thing and China wouldnt interfere, which also included criminal prosecutions. Under this proposed bill criminals in Hong Kong can be extradited to China and prosecuted under Chinas laws, which effectively sh... | [
"China trying to control Hong Kong like they do to the rest of China. HK knows what democracy is like and doesn't want to lose it under Chinese communist rule."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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