query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does the face turn grey, green, or lose color right before throwing up? | [
"This has been asked before here is the answer. > The blood is rushing away from your face and towards the vital organs, like in most stress responses we have. The green color, I believe, is a combination of Caucasians' yellowish skin tone, combined with the blue appearance of the veins under our skin. Our veins a... | [
"It's not just their face. It progresses to the rest of their head, and their legs and stomachs get grey, too. Occasionally there's a bit of grey in other areas, too. I figure if they lived long enough it might progress further."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Humans need multiple types of sources of food for their nutrition, vegetables, meat and so on.How do carnivores get all their nutrition just from meat? | [
"Pure carnivores, like cats, typically eat the stomachs of their prey, contents and all. Also, humans don't need to eat vegetables if they are willing to eat organ meat as well as muscles. For example, the liver of animals is typically rich in vitamin C (as well as A). Raw calf liver has about the same vitamin C co... | [
"No they do not need to eat vegetables. They cannot digest vegetables. Their digestive tracts (enzymes, gut bacteria, etc) cannot digest plant matter and extracts all nutrients that they need from meat. That is the definition of Carnivore. Herbivores on the other hand cannot digest meat, for the same reasons. Omn... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do I get a sympathy pain in my balls when I see someone else hurt in that area? | [
"We have a set of neurons called Mirror Neurons, which enable you to feel that phantom sympathy pain. There are a few hypotheses as to *why* we have them, and it seems to most researchers that they are an aid in communication and bonding. Being able to share emotions and pains with other people can bring us very cl... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do they lay foundations for sub-water projects such as bridges, LNG piplines, oil rigs and fiber optic cables | [
"Bridges: temporary structures to block out the surrounding water, either [cofferdams](_URL_3_) for shallow areas, or [cassions](_URL_0_) for deeper footings. Pipelines: tunneling using a [tunnel boring machine](_URL_4_) or other forms of [trenchless construction](_URL_2_). Oil Rigs: can use cassions like bridges d... | [
"Random. Because not all manholes go to the same place. Some are for storm and sanitary sewers, others are to telecommunications rooms and electrical conduits, and others service ventilation ducts and subterranean structures like subways or multilevel basements."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The Milgram Obedience Experiment | [
"The experiment was designed to test whether people would obey authority figures despite causing the suffering of another person and seeing the consequences. There were three people in each trial: the experimenter, the teacher, and the learner. The experimenter and learner were actually involved in the experiment,... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does an animal/insect get trapped in amber or another preservative? Surely it doesn't just walk into it right? | [
"In some cases the insects may be attracted to something in the sap (like sugar) and they just get stuck in it when they're trying to feed. In other cases they just land on it accidentally and never get out. I suspect that the small lizard preserved in amber (was on Reddit a couple of days ago) was probably attract... | [
"Fossilisation is rare, not everything becomes a fossil. It takes specific conditions for something to turn from organic matter to rock. And then, on top of that the fossil has to go undisturbed by tectonic movement, disasters or water for 60 million years (in the case of dinosaurs). We are very fortunate to have a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do we engage in small talk? | [
"It's a socially appropriate \"test\". If you can engage in small talk you pass the first step of being a stable person. If someone engages you in small talk and you babble about chemtrails or tinfoil hats, then you fail the test. (Or if you are aggressive, distracted, incoherent, e.t.c) Small talk with people you ... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How efficient can solar panels get? | [
"In theory, the only limit is the actual amount of sunlight that hits the panel. However, the real efficiency is equal to the total sunlight minus what gets absorbed before it reaches the actual photovoltaic materials, times the percentage of light that actually gets absorbed where you want it to, minus the electri... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do poachers kill rhinos for horns rather than just harmlessly dehorning them? Does the market really care how they get their horns? | [
"It's likely to be easier to kill the rhinos rather than to subdue then and remove their horns."
] | [
"As in, what do they physically have that makes them desirable? Nothing. The horns don't contain any special chemicals that make them valuable. They look cool though, so they can be used for decoration (which is terrible really because you could make something that looks like rhino horn without killing rhinos. But ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why lately the Chinese are exhibiting really appalling bathroom habits. | [
"Its not new, its just hitting the front pages lately. People everywhere have shitty bathroom habits."
] | [
"Because pieces of art that require no skill are just a crime ring scheme to be able to exchange large amounts of money without arousing suspicion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Given that life has existed far longer in our oceans than on land, why hasn't there been species that evolved with the same intelligence level has higher primates? | [
"Evolution doesn't have a specific goal. It isn't like \"Human Level Intelligence\" is the goal that everything is working towards. Everything adapts in such a way as to be specialized for the environment in which it lives; those which are better adapted to the environment tend to live, while those which are less a... | [
"Yes, because the dinosaurs didn't all go extinct and here we are. Dinosaur descendants and their eggs are a common food-source all around the world. We call them birds. But in the spirit of what you were asking, no, it's extremely unlikely that humans as we know them would have come about in a world where the mass... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How can the Canadian and American version of the same stock be different prices? | [
"Simple: they're different exchanges. Different people are doing the trading on the Toronto exchange than the New York exchange, so the results are different (though rarely by much). Some traders try to use this to their advantage, buying the stock on the exchange where it's cheaper and then instantly turning aroun... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why was(are) there height restrictions on buildings? | [
"Generally two reasons: Practical: If there is an airport nearby, you don't want the buildings tall enough such that an aircraft could hit it. Aesthetic: If there are historical landmark buildings, you don't want newer buildings blocking the view of them."
] | [
"Does it matter if there is water instead of roads between a number of small towns? We have boats and bridges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is gun control so controversial? | [
"Guns are a symbol of power. Most people want the nice/good guy to have more power than the bad guy, but bad guys don't listen to rules. By making a rule that no one can use guns, the good guy won't have a gun, while the bad guy does. The only way to make sure the bad guys don't have power, is to allow the good guy... | [
"Context? What is a \"smart meter\", and where is this controversy based out of? Who is involved? Thanks!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If there was a game of pile-on with 20 people (of all the same weight) and one person at the bottom, when the 21st person got on would the bottom person feel the weight the same as when the initial person got on top of them? | [
"If they're all piled directly on top of each other (in a straight stack), the difference between 20 and 21 would be roughly the same as the difference between 0 and 1, if that's what you're asking. If it's more of a rounded pile, there would be less weight on the first person because it would be distributed among ... | [
"The combined weight of the two people make the mat stretch further than one person alone could and when it snaps back the lighter person usually gets throw higher as a result."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Understand benefits/pitfalls of Roth vs Traditional IRA | [
"It all comes down to when you want to pay your tax liability. A Roth allows you to pay it now to avoid taxes in the future. Most people expect to be earning more and thus have a higher tax liability in the future, so a Roth helps by giving you a source of income without your taxes increasing. Another benefit of a ... | [
"1) 401k vs IRA - two different types of accounts you can put retirement money in. 401k limited to $17500 per year from you, and your employer can match some, all, or more. IRA limited to $5500 per year. More if you're old. 2) Roth vs Traditional - exist for both the 401k and the IRA. Roth means you pay taxes now, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
- What REALLY causes computers to slow down? Can it be stopped / reversed? | [
"How old is your computer? From my personal experience, I've found that its not necessarily the computer that is getting slower... Its that the applications that I'm trying to run simultaneously are getting more advanced over the months and years. Buying a computer in 2007 and running Office 2007, '07 websites on ... | [
"Human Error. Humans made the CPUs (which aren't perfect), the Memory (which isn't perfect), the Hard Drives (which aren't perfect), the Motherboard (which isn't perfect), the operating system (which isn't perfect), the programming language (which isn't perfect), and wrote the code for your Program (which isn't per... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Who is Ellie, and why is the reddit logo for today dedicated to her? | [
"Ellie is a lucky teenager who met the reddit admins as a birthday present, the logo is of her own design source: _URL_0_"
] | [
"I'm confused... Is this a fictional AMA or what? If so, what is it doing here?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Ayn Rand's moral philosophy and what exactly it means to "go galt" | [
"Rand held that each man should act in his own rational self interest, and that the purpose of life is to lead a rich and fulfilling one, however you personally define that. The height of morality is productivity and rationality. The most immoral ones are violating the rights of others (which can only be done via ... | [
"Objectivism was Ayn Rand's belief that the pursuit of one's self interest was always the most moral choice, and the only socioeconomic system which could allow for this pursuit of self interest was free market capitalism. The notion that self-interest is the ultimate moral good is a very right winged idea. Further... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do singers wear headphones when they perform? | [
"They are called (custom) in-ear monitors, they are basically earphones that have been molded to the singer's ears to isolate as much noise as possible. A stage gets very loud from the fans and the music from the speakers usually isn't facing the singer, so they use IEMs to help keep them in sync with the music. ... | [
"You're at a bad venue, you're too close to the stage or the sound guy has no idea what he's doing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
I see squirrels all the time, all over the place. How come I never see squirrel poop or even the act of squirrels pooping? | [
"Meanwhile on _URL_0_ Squirrel 1: I see humans all the time, all over the place. How come I never see human poop or even the act of a human pooping? Squirrel 2: Humans are scared to poop outside. They poop into small tunnels in their habitats."
] | [
"You must have never had a dog that came in and scooted across your living room carpet leaving a Hershey trail the entire way. I would presume they do that because their buttholes are itchy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
If we are at risk of a blood clot from sitting still from 5+ hours why are we not at risk every night when we sleep? | [
"You move when you sleep. Fidget, switch sides, steal your SO's blankets. Coma patients have to be moved around to prevent clots and bedsores as they are unable to move themselves."
] | [
"I would go with yes, as driving for 10+ hours can be rather exhausting as well, and all you're doing there is effectively sitting and moving your hands slightly every few minutes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
There's the speed of sound & the speed of light, but what about the speed of heat? | [
"Heat gets transferred in several different ways, which work at different speeds. The one you experienced from the pyrotechnics is *radiant heat.* For physics reasons, hot objects glow, and there's a formula I won't bother with that describes what wavelengths an object will glow in at what temperature. It's called ... | [
"They are both happening at the same time. But the speed of sound is slower than the speed of light. So you hear it after you see it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it easier to dry off after a bath than a shower? | [
"When you step out of bath the water will stick together and fall off you, but when you're taking a shower, the water drops will stay on your body."
] | [
"You're washing yourself with warm water, which will actually drain your energy after a while. If you took a cold shower, you wouldn't feel tired after. Same reason why you feel tired after spending time in a jacuzzi, spa, or sauna"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why doesn't a vacuum have the temperature of "Absolute Zero"? | [
"A vacuum doesn't have a temperature. Temperature is the kinetic energy of particles. You don't get cold by touching a vacuum because there is nowhere for your heat to go. when you touch a cold object, like ice, you get cold because your molecules knock into the object's molecules, transfering energy, heat, to the... | [
"That's a bit backwards. The Kelvin scale was defined so that 0 was \"absolute zero\", or the lowest possible temperature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When people say they can smell when it's about to rain, what are they smelling if water is typically odourless? | [
"\"Petrichor (/ˈpɛtrᵻkɔər/) is the earthy scent produced when rain falls on dry soil. The word is constructed from Greek πέτρα pétra, meaning \"stone\", and ἰχώρ īchṓr, the fluid that flows in the veins of the gods in Greek mythology.\" \"a metabolic by-product of certain actinobacteria\" So, it's the smell of the ... | [
"If your nose is bleeding then you can't breathe air, so you can't smell because odours aren't getting to your smell receptors. Otherwise blood has a lot of iron in it, leading to the typical smell."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why doesn't the USA have more Diesel powered cars and smaller trucks. In Europe they seem much more common. Also why is Diesel more expensive than gas. A few years ago it wasn't. | [
"The diesel engine didn't catch on in america for a few reasons. The main was a poor introduction to the technology. The first diesel cars the big three introduced were severely under engineered. They were poorly designed conversion of gasoline engines. They were loud, smelly, under powered, unreliable (especially ... | [
"Different companies add different additives to the gasoline. The EPA require a minimum amount of additives that must be added. Which additives and how much determine the differences When I fill up at a Shell gas station and use the \"V Power,'' which is about 40 cents more expensive, i get about 3-4 mpg more. I fe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the water table work? I just did deep enough and then there's water? Why aren't deep caves flooded then? | [
"> I just did deep enough and then there's water? basically. if you had a cup of water, and added sand until the top was dry, you would have a water table. you can do this near the beach. dig down a bit and the sand is wet. the earth is a bit more complicated, though. for instance, certain materials can form a bar... | [
"Because the water is under the ground under the lake bed as well, thats basically what it was doing until it became fully saturated and started to collect a pool"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do American Football broadcasts have the imaginary first-down line be over the field, but not over the players? | [
"They use the field like a big green screen. Anything that isn't the same color as the field doesn't get drawn on."
] | [
"What he means is the distance measured of which a soccer player is running/ran during a game. These stats are usually shown on screen. They calculate it by having a dozen or so camera's on ground level that use lasers to measure the distance covered by each player accurately."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How/why are college sports so big in America? | [
"American football was made popular by colleges and universities, then the pro leagues formed, not the other way around. The colleges and universities spent many years and lots of money creating the market for American football. The pro leagues were formed to try to capitalize on that market. In fact, a popular ane... | [
"You mean as in, why isn't it discussed more as a part of US History education?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Sports and Advertising:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Sports and Advertising:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does full development/maturity of the human brain really mean? | [
"Generally it means that the person becomes less impulsive and weighs risks."
] | [
"We don't know. We don't even really have a handle on what \"legitimate\" emotions and pain even is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do sunburns continue to feel hot after taking a cold shower or completely cooling off? | [
"The UV light damages the skin cells, in order to replace the damaged skin blood flow to the affected area is increased which causes the skin to be warm to the touch. I'm pretty sure that's it but feel free to correct me."
] | [
"When you're hot outside, your body is having trouble regulating it's body temperature. It's not comfortable to be like that because... that's how your body tells you it's having trouble. When you take a hot shower, you're cleaning yourself off, and more importantly, you get out afterwards, and it's cooling and ref... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:"
} |
How exactly does a person faint from a sleeper hold? | [
"If you do a sleeper hold properly, a person can be knocked out in a couple of seconds. You are literally cutting off the flow of blood to the brain for just a few seconds, causing them to pass out. Source- Jiu Jistsu class"
] | [
"Do they use this in an emergency room when someone is suffering from some form of toxicity? Nope."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
When medication "causes weight gain," does this mean that if someone maintains the same calories in & out on the meds, they will gain weight? Or do the meds just make you hungrier so you end up eating more? | [
"My psychiatrist commented that while weight gain is possible under normal circumstances with some medications, a counterpoint is that a lot of them were tested on people who came into psych wards depressed and not eating, then they're started on these meds and start eating again, and in a psych hospital you typica... | [
"Calories in, calories out is what dictates weight loss. Exercise only aids in calories out. Instead of exercising, you could've cut your caloric intake and lost weight. So, eat less than you need for the day, means you weigh less in the morning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Given that we essentially have the technology to kill someone and bring them back to life (see: standstill operations), why have we not mounted scientific exploration into the existence of an afterlife? | [
"Well, we most certainly do NOT have the ability to kill people and bring them back to life. In some cases, we have been unable to measure life signs in people and they have subsequently recovered. It is much more likely that this is a failing in our ability to measure deadness than our ability to resurrect the dea... | [
"Someone would eventually use it to grow themselves replacement organs *killing their clone in the process* and there are various other known, suspected, and unknown risks, and as there's no known advantage to cloning the medical community has pretty much agreed human clones shouldn't be allowed to develop fat enou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is Marginal Benefit? | [
"Would you like a candy bar? Here, have one. Did you like it? Of course you did. The benefit to you was considerable. Would you like another candy bar? Here. Did you like it? Of course! Did you like it as much as the last one? Maybe not. Repeat seven times. Would you like another candy bar? By this point, you might... | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is a fruit or vegetable 'Ripe' when humans deem it fit for consumption, or is it a biological state for the plant? | [
"We eat most fruits when they're biologically ripe. We eat most vegetables early. Broccoli and cauliflower we eat the unopened buds of their flowers; cabbages, lettuces and mustards we eat the leaves before the plant buds. We eat peas young, but most beans we let mature."
] | [
"squishy fruits were because they are rotting, fermented, past their prime, while those firmer ones are more functional and thus the contents were at better quality. Just because they cam from the same vine, they can grow individually at diferent times."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are military aircraft named? | [
"USAF egress maintainer in training here - every aircraft has a letter designating it's primary mission. Here's the setup: A - Attack (A-10 Warthog) B - Bomber (B-1B Lancer) C - Cargo/Transport (C-5 Galaxy) E - Special Electronic (E-3 Sentry AWACS) F - Fighter (F-22 Raptor) G - Glider (TG-10 trainer) H - Helicopter... | [
"Did the troops in Vietnam have reliable access to news?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Does the concentration of a medicine one takes matter? | [
"> If I am taking tylenol for example. Will the effect of the pill vary depending on whether I take the pill as is, dissolve in 10 ml water and drink it or dissolve it a gallon of water and then drink it? In that case not really because ultimately it gets dissolved into the volume of your body. Some medications are... | [
"Because the medical common \"unit of blood\" represent too large a proportion of their total blood - it would be unsafe for them to donate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How did evolution through small mutations cause the creation of the eye or other complex organs that serve no beneficial purpose until completion? | [
"Simple answer: it's false to assume they served no useful function until completed. This idea is called [irreducible complexity](_URL_1_), and is simply wrong - it's mostly used by creationists and intelligent design proponents, and they use it because they don't have any actual valid arguments based on sound scie... | [
"Because these animals all are descendants of a common ancestor that had similar organs as well. Most animal eyes are very different from human eyes but they do share many common features. These common features were inherited from ancestors that had those features but lacked the specializations that present day ani... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about biology:"
} |
Why are there so few / only low quality pictures of Uranus and Neptune? | [
"Nice pictures require putting a nice camera very close to the thing with the ability to send the image back. Uranus and Neptune have only had one mission each, Voyager 2 launched in 1977 and the picture quality reflects the technological and budgetary limitations of the time. Jupiter, Saturn, and Pluto have all ha... | [
"We have photos of those celestial bodies from various sources, including high resolution telescopes (for the larger and closer bodies), satellites (for the more explored bodies, like Mars) and space probes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Explain to me, like I'm five, why 9/11 was an inside job (or at least why that's such a widely held belief) | [
"Here's 3 major reasons to be skeptical of the current story for 9/11. ---Why was the first tower to fall the second one to get hit by a plane? ---Why did building 7 fall if it wasn't hit at all? ---Why were there explosions in the basement of the twin towers well before they both collapsed?"
] | [
"I think it's important to note that the government per se did not back 9/11, but that some people IN the government may have. That's a pretty significant distinction. Edit to add that the Pakistani government is far more guilty of this sort of thing than Saudi Arabia."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why gas stations aren't subject to prices needing to match what is advertised? | [
"> Many times you'll see a lower advertised price on their huge signs only to get to the pump to see a higher price. I've never heard of anybody complaining for a price match for false advertising. I have never seen this happen. Maybe it's regional. I found a few articles online that say that the advertised price... | [
"First off, it might not be the same company. It may well be two separate companies who are reselling BP gas. But even if they are the same, that doesn't mean the expenses are the same. For example, rent may be more expensive at one location. The wholesale cost of fuel is the major costs of the price at the pump, b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The difference between a double entendre and a pun? | [
"A pun is using the same word in two different ways based on the sound. EX: Did you hear about the Pirate Movie? It was rated ARRRRR. A double entendre is a statement that has two meanings. EX: I went to bed with her. You are literally saying you slept in the same bed together, but the double entendre indicates tha... | [
"Well, the short answer is, it doesn't. The long answer is the same as the short answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What motivated proto Native Americans to cross the landbridge to America from Asia? | [
"Finding food. Early humans were hunter-gatherers, they didn't figure out yet how to grow their own food. When the population became large enough there wasn't enough food to go around, so they started migrating to find new places to live in. Edit: By the way, you have it the other way around. Humans originated in A... | [
"They walked. You can ask from Africa into India, Asia and Europe. Back then there was a land bridge between Europe and North America at the Bering Straits. They walked over that and walked south. More interesting in the migration of humans to Australia 40K years ago. Also the migration from the southern China coa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about history:"
} |
Why is overproduction of oil a bad thing? | [
"I believe you're thinking too much from a consumer point of view and not from a producer point of view. Excess inventory that you can't get rid of is a bad thing. It's costly to store and while you have excess inventory, you aren't drilling or refining. It's good for consumers in the short term because of low pric... | [
"Nothing. There is no science indicating its bad for you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How we can hear the voice in our head when we are thinking? | [
"Hearing happens in the brain, and our brains are capable of recalling and synthesizing this experience regardless of external stimulus."
] | [
"The mind is a very powerful thing. Those people legitimately believe the Holy Spirit is with them and basically imagine and act out the entire thing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Rwanda's genocide, Hutu and Tutsi? | [
"Once you study Rwanda you'll realise why they used to call them savages. I read an auto-biography of a camera man who was there, he was suffering from some serious PTSD and Rwanda just snapped him, everything he'd seen before was weak in comparison to what he was seeing. Thousands of bodies piled in mass graves, m... | [
"Yes, and we actually know this racism has existed for hundreds if not thousands of years. When Europeans started to arrive to buy slaves, those slaves were gathered by one African tribe raiding/going to war with other tribes, which set in a feeling of superiority in the winners, and huge resentment for the raids b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why did King James get decide what manuscripts got included the Bible? Why does modern Christianity trust his compilation? | [
"He didn't choose the manuscripts. He commissioned a new *translation* of the Bible from the existing manuscripts (none of which, of course, were originally in English) that would be appropriate for both the contemporary audiences, and the values of the Anglican church. As for the why? The English monarch is the he... | [
"Mormons are not even considered Christian by most other Christians because they have a different scriptural text that they use to run their religion with the book of Mormon. It is very similar as to how Christians are not Jewish because we have a different scriptural text that we base our religion on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Who decided the order of the alphabet? | [
"In the year 1011, a writer named Byrhtferð ordered the Old English alphabet for numerological purposes. He listed the 24 letters of the Latin alphabet (including ampersand) first, then 5 additional English letters, starting with the Tironian note ond (⁊) an insular symbol for and: A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P ... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does a gatling gun have that rotating barrel? What purpose does it have? Why not just 1 stationary barrel? | [
"The high rate of fire would melt and warp a single barrel."
] | [
"The bullets in a revolver are in a rotating cylinder behind the barrel. In a semi-automatic pistol, the bullets are in the handle. The shape of the bullets puts a geometry constraint on the handle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how is it that politicians (take your pick) make millions of dollars as a politician yet their salaries are largely under 400k annually? Am I missing something? | [
"Most politicians have sources of income other than their salary. For example, speaking fees and book deals result in *massive* payouts. Every time a former President goes somewhere to speak, you can be damn sure they're getting tens of thousands of dollars to do so. Once you get to politics at the national level,... | [
"Mostly because it would become a tool to control the have-nots. Lower the the salaries of politicians until it a burden even for those who want to serve. Net result is that the only people who would run wouldn't be the people who want to serve, but the people who are financially able. Side note. Most of the money... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
- What does defragmenting your computer do? | [
"When you add a file to your computer, it gets put in the first available space - even if that space isn't big enough to fit the entire file in. If the space isn't big enough, the file gets SPLIT into several pieces and put in different places. Over time, constantly adding and deleting things means that all the stu... | [
"What you are describing are Read/Write operations, which are mainly related to your hard drive. I assume you are using a HDD. Upgrading to a a SDD will improve the speed of such tasks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do I always see people posting Tom Cruise repeatedly in comments on Reddit? | [
"There was once a thread on /r/AskReddit about which celebrity people thought needed to come out of the closet, and the response was Tom Cruise in every comment and reply. It was a very famous thread and the new comments pay homage to the original."
] | [
"In the past? Have you seen the amount of NSFW marked posts simply because a girl is in it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Comcast and the hate surrounding them | [
"They are often a monopoly and have really bad customer support. So their prices are too high for what you get and when there is a problem with their equipment it's hard to get them to fix it. Basically have to take a whole day off work. They also lobby to keep competitors out, are against net neutrality and enforc... | [
"Streaming services are part of the music industry. This is like asking what will happen to TV when netflix exists."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does one go about creating and then successfully marketing an app for let's say, an iPhone? | [
"Almost all Iphone apps are made in Xcode. It's basically free with a mac and is their version of Visual Studio (Microsoft makes this one, it's a program to make other program.) The stages are basically. 1.) Idea 2.) Design 3.) Programming 4.) Certification 5.) On the Iphone store. 1.) Come up with the idea. 2.) De... | [
"Because they want to have the best chance of commercial success by making the best game possible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Statistics: The odds of winning the lottery are something like having seven holes in one in a round of golf. In the billions of rounds of golf that have been played since the game was invented, this has never happened. Yet the lottery is won every week. Why? | [
"A lot more lottery tickets are bought than games of golf are played."
] | [
"Powerball has about 175 million possible combinations. So, if you bought 175 million tickets you would be guaranteed that one of them would win. When the jackpot gets this high you are going to have a lot of people buying tickets. They may not sell 175 million this week, but they will probably sell at least 100 mi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do most Americans seemingly always know what compass direction they are facing? | [
"Well the cities are generally grid based and even some streets have cardinal points in their names."
] | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why did bicycles in the past have one really huge wheel and one (comparatively) smaller wheel? | [
"Because they hadn't worked out how to implement [gearing](_URL_0_) yet. Or in other words, the only options they had were pedals connected straight to the wheels, in a 1:1 gearing ratio, meaning one turn of the pedals equalled one turn of the wheel. When you've got normal bike size wheels, that quite severely li... | [
"If you'll notice on a woman's frame, the top bar slopes down, while on a man's frame, it's a horizontal bar. The reason for the downward slope on a woman's bike is so the rider can wear a skirt without it bunching up then stretching around the bar. However, there is no difference in the feel of the ride or integri... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
They say the universe is expanding, but stuff is getting further away. Does that mean the universe is just stretching itself out rather than actually expanding? | [
"Space is stretching. Objects aren't. If you have something like a person, or a planet, or a galaxy, or even a galaxy cluster, the forces that hold these together are stronger than the expansion of the universe, and they don't 'stretch.' That's why we're going to crash into andromeda in a very long time from now. B... | [
"When the big bang first occurred, space expanded faster than the speed of light. No object can move faster than the speed of light, but the space between can. Also we are still expanding, in fact it is speeding up, due to dark energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about astronomy:"
} |
Why was HIV/AIDS blamed on the homosexual community in the early stages of its discovery? | [
"It was first brought to the US by a gay man and it ravaged the gay community first. There was not much research effort or funding directed at it initially simply because is was a \"gay disease.\" The truth is that the overwhelming majority of world AIDS cases exist in Sub-Saharan Africa and most of those cases ar... | [
"Jumping in really quickly - I've been a bit of a ghost due to my super busy RL job (yay! politics.) There were protest in other countries. ACT UP had a few international chapters (ACT UP/Paris and ACT UP/Germany come to mind, I'm sure there were others.) I don't know too much about the AIDS crisis on an internati... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does flashing light make some people have a epileptic seizure? | [
"ITT: Very elaborately worded variations on \"We don't really know\". Coming from someone with epilepsy who has done a moderate amount of reading and talking to neurologists, take it from me - the ultimate answer is \"We don't really know\". They know *what* happens, and how to control and/or prevent it in most cas... | [
"Please do not go off meds without help from your doctor. Antidepressants can create severe withdraval effects like diarrhea and panic attacks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we know how far away things are in space? | [
"Hubble's Principle states that the farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it moves away from us. This also ties into the cosmological principle (that the universe is expanding evenly and not out from one specific point). When we view stars from far away, they experience [redshift](_URL_0_) due to the doppler... | [
"Those pictures are: * an artist's conception * a computer generated simulation base on what we can see from earth * another galaxy we think looks like ours As you point out, it is not possible for us to take a picture of our galaxy from the outside."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do DVR TV ratings matter so much if people recording shows are likely to just skip the commercials? Shouldn't the more prominent ratings be focused on the people actually watching the ads? | [
"They track both -- live viewing, same day viewing, next day, three day and so on. And yes, higher live ratings are best, but DVR ratings are important too, and some ads can still work with DVRs. Have you noticed that movie ads have the name of th film bannered across the top during the whole ad? That's so the name... | [
"Each point represents 1% of the total amount of household audiences, which is about 115.6 million households total in the US so a rating of 1.0 means ~1,156,000 households watched the show. Live ratings are starting to get less important, and the live +3 and live +7 are getting more important as viewing habits hav... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why doesnt the US and the world prioritize Pakistan from continuing to develop nuclear weapons and sponsoring terrorism over Iran? | [
"If a country already has a nuclear weapons arsenal your options are much, much more limited. Pakistan is somewhat unstable already, what if severe sanctions further destabilized them? We don't want that, we want nuclear armed states to be as stable as possible, especially ones with really nasty factions within the... | [
"We have signed onto denuclearization and test ban treaties and have complied with them. We have dismantled hoards of nuclear weapons. It isn't the US trying to force countries to denuclearize, it's the international community that recognizes dangerous regimes that support terrorism and threaten their neighbors tha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Politics:"
} |
The '92 election - How did Ross Perot end up polling so strong in the general election? | [
"Perot tapped into a lot of resentment about the political system. A rich man who did what he wanted, his \"plain tough talk\" resonated well with a lot of people who felt the established politicians weren't getting the job done. The fact that he was crazy as a loon didn't seem to faze his supporters. I mean, thank... | [
"It's also important to mention that in 1984 Ronald Reagan won 49/50 states. The only state he didn't win was Minnesota. By far the most impressive presidential victory in history."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how applications that crash in Windows prevent you from accessing the task manager. | [
"If by task manager combination you mean control shift escape, is it Windows Explorer that's crashing? If Control Alt Delete isn't working then there's something larger that's screwed up. Extremely hard to answer this question without a ton of details from you and stuff that goes well beyond ELI5"
] | [
"Doing a reset wipes the cache files. These can cause random software issue. In the case of signal, resetting the phone forces it to restart searching for signal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do antivirus programs scan hundreds of files a second for hundreds of thousands of different viruses? | [
"The file hash only has to be computed once per file in order to be compared to the database of known hashes, and modern hash algorithms are ridiculously fast."
] | [
"It is an application that can control how other applications make use of computer memory, thereby preventing the actions of some types of malware. Think of it this way: First, anti-malware programs worked off of signatures. They looked for specific files that had certain properties. Then, they integrated *heuristi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
how is digital music (such as techno, electro, etc.) made? What makes up the sounds that they use? | [
"A lot is from digital instruments, whether those are MIDI instruments (you play and then the data goes to a computer where the notes are reproduced with software) or programs that can recreate certain instruments digitally. There are also massive databases (gigabytes and gigabytes) of sounds, melodies, rhythms, et... | [
"I made a quick check on wiki (sorry) and its explanation did make sense. The definitions are different depending on where you are. In the US Electronica isn't a separate genre but an unbrella term that encompasses all other genres that are based around electronic music such as Dance, Techno, Trance, etc. In the re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why cant smart phones have both high resolution on both back and front camera? | [
"It's mostly a factor of cost. Higher resolution cameras obviously cost a lot more to produce. A few years ago, most cell phones didn't even have a front-facing camera, the reason people had cameras on their phones was to take pictures of other people/things, not usually themselves. Then selfies and video-calling ... | [
"Space. Big screen, camera, microphone, ear speaker, light sensor, notification led. Some phones do it (HTC one) but others just put it on the back because it still works that way too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What stops animals from enjoying music the way humans do? | [
"I can't answer this question, however I can share an experience involving animals and music. I grew up on a dairy farm, and the guy that milked the cows listened to Mexican music. He never took time off, but one day he did and I was milking then and listening to classic rock, softly. Not very loud at all. But they... | [
"Dogs can certainly hear music, and dogs have been demonstrated to recognize songs. For example, you could easily train your dog to respond to a specific song with food reinforcement. So...yes, they perceive it, remember it and recognize it. Do they have the same sort of emotional, social and cultural associations ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The difference between salicylic acid & benzoyl peroxide in acne medication | [
"Serve the same functions. Benzoyl peroxide tends to be stronger (partially because it's used in higher concentrations) but may also cause irritation."
] | [
"Pharmacist here. Most common anti-dandruff shampoos contain selenium sulfide which helps decrease the rate of cell turnover AKA slows the rate of your skin flaking off of your scalp, therefore minimizing not only the appearance of dandruff but the amount of flakes that actually fall off. Other anti-dandruff produc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why does certain hair grow in more than others? My beard hair grows thick fast, but my leg hair and arm hair basically stays the same length. | [
"The outside surface of your lumpy looking terrestrial vehicle is covered in miniscule holes that resemble little tiny doody chutes called follicles. As these little bastards form cells deep in those magical shafts and they push the older more worthless cells out beyond your heavily perforated, pasty looking epider... | [
"I lost about 90 pounds in the last year (about 185 now). I was hairy before, but you couldn't really tell on my arms for example because the hairs were actually spread out quite a bit. Now it's a lot more noticeable since the hair is denser (as in closer together) and appears darker than before. Same goes for face... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why you have to write a curvise paragraph during the SAT | [
"It's effectively an affidavit. Not in the literal legal sense, but that's the function it serves. It's your statement that you are who you say you are, and that you understand that you will get in *incredible* trouble if you take the test under false pretenses."
] | [
"Part of an essay prompt on your take-home final."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does the mustache grow before the "beard" in puberty? | [
"That's not always the case. Facial hair will begin to develop in different areas for different people. For example, I began with side burns, they I couldn't grow a beard until I was 19, and I couldn't grow a moustache until I was 24. For quite some time [this] (_URL_0_) is what I looked like."
] | [
"Men produce a hormone called Dihydrotestosterone. One of the things this affects is hair follciles, stimulating growth particularly in eyebrows, the nose, ears, beard, and body hair. As men get older they sometimes produce more of it leading to those bushy eyebrows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did flashing your lights twice to warn others of police become so widely known? | [
"around here (northeast US), double flashing can mean anything from \"your headlights aren't on\", \"your trunk is open\", or \"you have the right of way, please go ahead of me\". it's just a non-agressive way to signal to other drivers that they should pay attention or take some kind of action."
] | [
"An unmarked car can change the behavior of the person he tickets, but a marked car causes everybody who sees it to drive more carefully."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the desert have so much pure sand? How was it made? What is underneath it? | [
"Since no one has answered that I can see, the Sahara has sand about 150-350 meters deep. Underneath this would be sandstone and then granite. A similar question was asked about a year ago. _URL_1_"
] | [
"Rain falling on the land is fresh water, it's actually distilled. Over billions of years, the fresh water rain dissolved the salt from the land and carried it into the oceans. However, there are inland seas that are highly saline because they are land locked. Check out the Great Salt Lake, in Utah, and the Red Sea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Can someone explain sister cities to me LI5? | [
"When two cities are about the same size, have the same factories, or have mountains and rivers like each other. They form a partnership and agree to be friends. They usually exchange gifts like statues or art. Then, people from each city visit each other and see how they do things in their city."
] | [
"I need somebody to ELI5 that question for me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How is it that redditors can effectively shut down websites (hug o'death) but we don't crash reddit? | [
"Reddit is hosted on AWS, which is many massive server farms. One of the advantages of providers like AWS is that when high traffic hits, you can have your system automatically spin up additional servers to handle the load, and then to shut them back down once the demand goes down."
] | [
"Some people who may be otherwise respectable redditors don't want others to look at their history and find out that they've been commenting on horse porn, or something like /r/spacedicks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Our bodies can create an embryo that assembles into a young body full of new cells and repeat the process. Why can't our bodies skip the embryo step and just renew itself? | [
"Your body renews itself every day. In fact you are a completely new set of cells every 7 years. The issue that we have are small errors as cells divide and renew over time eventually lead to the numerous problems of aging."
] | [
"In short by my understanding: Cells basically age (and become less likely to be viable) with each generation of division. So to create a biologically immortal human, you would need to figure our how to stop cells from deteriorating from generation to generation, or figure out how to replenish or restart the proces... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are Florida arrest records easily accessible in comparison to other states? | [
"Florida has some of the best Sunshine Laws, that is public record laws in the US. Unfortunately those laws aren't always applied in the executive offices. But fortunately, many local police departments do comply."
] | [
"It is possible to lookup the registered owner from the license plate number, revealing the name and address. With that, pretty much anything else can be found from public databases. The license plate search is not offered free, and not available to the public in every state, but it's not secret information at all.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If i bark/meow at my cat or dog, do they think of us as a fellow dog or cat? or do they know we don't really do that? | [
"Meowing is not a common form of communication between cats. Mother cats might meow to get the attention of the kittens, but adult cats mainly communicate with each other through body language, hisses and growls. Occasionally outright screaming. Meowing is used mostly to \"communicate\" with people."
] | [
"Every animal has a different behavior pattern. For example, Dogs look away if you look them in the eye because they believe you are the pack leader and the Alpha male/female and dont want to display dominance. Cats on the other hand display affection by looking at you, if they squint their eyes it means they cons... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Animal behavior:"
} |
Why should I get the factory recommended oil in my car? | [
"The oil the manufacturer tells you is the guideline. Putting in thinner oil will not provide proper oil pressure and lead to metal on metal contact. That said, jiffy lube is the absolute LAST place you want to take your car to,whether it be Audi BMW Honda Chevy ford GM. The guys that are changing your oil have a... | [
"Are all of your electronic made by Apple?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does holding my nose and eating bad food make it taste less bad? | [
"Your sense of smell plays a large role in what flavors you detect when you eat something. Your tongue can detect only a few basic molecule types, but your nose can detect thousands. Preventing airflow past your olfactory bulb (which provides your sense of smell) by holding your nose reduces tastes considerably. As... | [
"Your mouth would taste like nothing if it's very clean. If it's not clean it still tastes like nothing because your used to it. If you want to taste it drink some water. You'll say \"eww! The water is gross.\" Turns out the water is just fine. It just brings out the bad flavor in your mouth. Brush your teeth and t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do atoms actually create what we see? I don't mean physical shapes, but the "textures" of them, like the top of an Oak Table. | [
"They are insanely small, smaller than you are thinking. Even \"textures\" (bumps) are made out of millions of little atoms."
] | [
"Nothing actually has color it's really the frequency of light reflecting off the surface of the object. That's why you get a ranbow of colors when shining sun light through a prism. All the colors separate. So when plants dry the surface area changes and the light reflection does as well. Same in fall, summer, and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
can the air inside the bubbles of a bubble wrap contain diseases from the area in which it originated? | [
"Air is not all that good at carrying a disease. So it would be more likely that it would be some kind of liquid (like a sneeze) inside a bubble. However, [the way bubble wrap is made](_URL_0_) is not really conducive to a pathogen's survival. In short, no. Bubble wrap should not be one of your fears."
] | [
"When its sealed it may be sterilized or the air pulled out, so there is no bacteria. There's different methods but basically you are creating an environment that is not good for bacterial growth. When you open the container, it is now exposed to bacteria in the air or whatever's around it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Food storage:"
} |
Songs that haven't been played for years getting regular airplay again | [
"Often songs are played to death on the radio and after a while listeners get sick of hearing these songs. The music directors who select the song will play these songs less and then eventually not all. This allows room for new songs - the cycle begins. As for hearing them again, the same music directors, for vari... | [
"Let's take Taylor Swift's new album as an example. All the songs (except the version of Bad Blood with Kendrick) were available since the album was released. Radio stations don't know which song they should pick, so instead, songs the artists/record company likes are released as singles, and then the radio plays i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Music:"
} |
In the USA, Why is it forbidden to show womens nipples, but is it ok for men nipples? | [
"Because we sexualize women's breasts, whereas a man's breasts/nipples are not sexualized. Sort of for the same reason breasts/vag are allowed on YouTube if it's for education videos, but a woman flashing the cameraman is taken down."
] | [
"Sex is taboo. Penises and vaginas are actual sex organs. Just like butts, which aren't censored either, nipples/boobs are only sexual objects according to circumstance and culture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When I've got Bluetooth turned on, how can my phone be visible to paired devices but invisible to every other device? | [
"You have to actually tell your phone to advertise itself to other bluetooth devices. Basically, you tell it to go \"HEY GUYS!!! I'M RIGHT HERE!!!\" When you tell another device to scan for bluetooth devices, it looks for anything that's advertising itself. That's different from it connecting *directly* to a devic... | [
"your phone, tablet, laptop, whatever keeps a memory of the wifi networks it has connected to. There's an option to say 'reconnect automatically' when you are in range. This is what lets you connect when you get home. All McDonalds are on the same network so once you have connected to one, whenever you are in range... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
About Bitcoin: How is a total devaluation of this currency prevented? | [
"Supply and Demand. For total devaluation you need infinite supply or zero demand. Infinite supply is not possible because the [generation is regulated](_URL_1_) and limited by the protocol . Each bitcoin is a solution to a computational intensive problem. If too many coins are generated, the [difficulty](_URL_0_... | [
"Because Bitcoin is not a state currency. It's not backed by any government at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why isn't min wage a big concern for Europe and Canada? | [
"Its a big concern, just not a big political argument because the populations of Europe and Canada generally agree that having livable wages is a reasonable thing to do. They don't a significant a far-right party like the United States has controlling the legislative bodies. Europe and Canada also tend to socialize... | [
"The environment doesn't donate money to campaigns. Also just generally not the biggest issue for voters in an awful economy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why Do Computer Screens Have That Wierd Effect When You Touch Them? | [
"This is due to the liquid crystals on your monitor being pushed around, and not letting light in the proper way. Let me explain: In your monitor, there's a backlight which produces light. The light from the backlight then passes through things called \"liquid crystals\", which alter themselves when an electric cur... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
My college campus in the south closes for just 1 inch of snow. How can a northern campus stay open with harsher weather | [
"Infrastructure. Northern cities build their infrastructure to handle snow. They have salt trucks, snow plows, etc to make travel safe. Southern areas don't because it wouldn't be economical to maintain that equipment for the one to two days a year they may need it."
] | [
"1) Nobody in Atlanta has any experience driving in snow. 2) Virtually all of Atlanta left work/school at the exact same time. 3) Southern cities don't have legions of plows at the ready in winter. 4) Atlanta is a traffic nightmare on a good day. A million inexperienced drivers hitting the roads at the exact same t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does Chris Hadfield's version of "Space Oddity" require a license/contract but tons of other covers on YouTube do not? | [
"As far as I know those other covers are illegal. Most don't get enough views to have anybody notice. Chris Hadfield just chose to do things the legal way."
] | [
"They don't use any modern songs, they use specific modern songs that they have permission to use (either by the generosity if the owner or by some type of deal struck) Also, happy birthday is in public domain now isn't it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why does yelling into someonea ear in a quiet room cause a pain to the listener, but in a loud club is fine? Why isnt the club level of noise painful to the ear? | [
"The ear has a number of mechanisms for decreasing how loud sounds effectively are - these mechanisms are activated by sustained loud noises. In a club your ears have become less sensitive to loud noises - not because you are \"used\" to how loud it is, but because your body is actively reducing the sensitivity of ... | [
"because it's easier to become submerged in it when it's past the level of just being audible. same process as why it's easier to follow what somebody is shouting compared to when they're saying it in a pretty monotone voice. the tone differences come out better at a higher volume, and it's easier to listen to as a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is there a 'voice' associated with gays? Do they choose how to speak or is there another reason? | [
"Long time Redditor here. I can remember at least one occasion where someone answered your very same question with describing how he heard his high-voiced gay roommate talking in his sleep...with a low voice."
] | [
"Because that is what our culture teaches you. The kind of language you use depends a lot on the language other people around you use, the kind of language you heard growing up, and the things you were taught to say either by your parents or at school. And many expressions don't necessarily have to be in line with ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do most people resort to talking about the weather in conversation? | [
"My brother, who works in customer service, said something I thought was really insightful about this: \"People make fun of talking about the weather, but it's really the best small-talk topic. It's a great equalizer because it affects everyone no matter who they are. You might be a CEO and I might just be serving ... | [
"They don't want to miss what is going on. They are interested in the socializing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does masturbating help clear out my sinuses out? | [
"Erections work by hydraulics. Blood vessels down there expand, making tissue swell. If the blood vessels contract, then it shuts off. Congestion is also under the control of blood vessels. If the blood vessels around your sinuses expand (or become inflamed due to infection or allergies) then the mucus membranes in... | [
"Sounds like dehydration. It can do a lot of fucked up stuff to you. Headaches for sure. Do you breathe from your mouth when you sleep? The combination of both could probably dry out your throat quite a bit overnight overnight. Maybe look into a humidifier as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do airlines get caught up during massive storms like the one across the US right now? | [
"> Question: When weather causes thousands of flights to be canceled at once, it must cause a nationwide chain-reaction. How do airlines handle such massive shifting of aircraft after storms? > **Answer: It is very difficult. When the weather causes major disruptions, the airlines bring in extra help in their disp... | [
"If you are in the US, it is significantly worse because it is Memorial Day weekend. While some people are coming home from work, others are leaving for vacations, resulting in high than usual volumes of traffic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are cows & bulls just different genders of the same species? And do we only eat bulls and drink milk of cows? | [
"> Are cows & bulls just different genders of the same species? Yes. Cows are female, bulls are male, and both are species *Bos taurus*, otherwise known as domestic cattle. > And do we only eat bulls and drink milk of cows? Only female mammals have mammary glands to produce milk, so yes we only drink milk of dairy... | [
"Human females can't produce the same quantities of milk that female cows can. It wouldn't be very profitable. Plus, notice that we mostly drink milk that comes from animals that like to graze on grass, like cows, goat, and sheep. Humans eat a lot of junk food and other stuff that doesn't make for very good tasting... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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