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How is Canadian healthcare different from Obamacare?
|
[
"Canadian healthcare is, more or less, single-payer. Basically, you pay a tax to the government and the government insures you. American healthcare is a big old mess. We have single-payer for some people (Medicare), full-on nationalized healthcare for some (the Veterans' administration, where doctors are government employees), private insurance for many, and no insurance (fuck you and die) for some. Obamacare is actually working--it's fixing some of the worst problems with private insurance and reducing the number of people with no insurance. But our health care system is still a big old mess. Obamacare didn't create the mess, but it does sort of freeze it in place. If you want more detail, I created a comic to explain Obamacare here: _URL_0_."
] |
[
"No we don't. There are programs like Medicaid and Medicare for certain groups (seniors over 65 are eligible for Medicare, and Medicaid is usually used by Americans who are medically unable to work), and children are covered under their parents' insurance until age 26, but Americans not in one of those groups have to get insurance from an employer, or through the Affordable Care Act, commonly called “Obamacare.” Otherwise they pay a tax penalty depending on income. Not to get political, but if you saw any of the US Presidential debates between the Democratic candidates over the spring and summer in 2016, you likely heard Bernie Sanders mention “Medicaid for All.” That would cover all Americans regardless of health or income status, probably a lot like what y'all have up there."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do app developers like supercell release their updates/apps way earlier on one platform than the other?
|
[
"If you're referring to the time gap between Android and iOS releases, the answer is because of Apple. Things get on the Android market very easily and quickly, because the Android market is cool. Apple has dozens of excessive rules and guidelines that they strictly enforce, so they actually look through the app/code. This takes time, so they usually push the update to Android and iOS at the same time, and Apple takes forever to approve. edit: of course this doesn't mean that Android doesn't have or enforce guidelines. They just aren't ridiculous like Apple's."
] |
[
"The US alone is a larger market than any singular country in Europe by itself so releasing there immediately gets your game into a large market. Also a lot of games are made in the US and would make sense to release here first. And just the US tends to release games on Tuesday while Europe tends to release them on Friday."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do the vast majority of good police officers and other form of L.E. protect the "bad apples" and not outcast/ help remove them?
|
[
"Cop here. Truly \"bad\" cops don't want to get caught. If they're doing something shady, they're probably hiding it. A couple other factors: Police departments operate independently from one another. I have nothing to do with the department in the next town over, let alone across County or state lines. Even within the same department, you'll have your own beat. You'll go most of the day without interacting with your fellow officers. I work in a department with over 1700 sworn officers. I see about 10 of them a day, and only 2 or 3 of them will I actuality go on calls with in my response area."
] |
[
"There is an image of what police are supposed to be then there is the truth. All too often the police here violate the laws they are meant to enforce and in turn are at most given a slap on the wrist with paid vacation. And yeah yeah someone will surely say but that's just a few bad apples....so? When those bad apples are being covered for by so called good cops and being given leniency by the judicial system, if it even gets that far, there is a serious problem. Its nothing new here however, the difference now is due to our interconnectivity its much harder to hide their business as usual, hide behind the badge, buddy cop system. Edit. Also it used to be generally the poor and of course minorities that saw this and had no way to do anything about it. Now due to how they use asset seizures people with the ability to stand up for themselves are seeing a new side to the coin."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
If we were still at war with Nazi Germany, Nazi supporters would be tried for treason. Why now are Nazi groups aloud to persist, unchallenged by law?
|
[
"Simply expressing support would not be sufficient to try someone for treason even back in war times. That would be deeply unpopular, but not treason unless you'd do something *material* in regards to the enemy war effort. For example, you can look at organizations like German American Bund or British Union of Fascists. In general, their organized activities were prohibited during the war and leaders were detained for various issues; but the detained people, as a rule, were not tried for treason and the vast majority of their members (tens of thousands of them!) weren't tried for anything ever."
] |
[
"In America we have very strong free speech laws which means that you can say whatever you want as long as you are not directly threatening someone. You can not ban a political opinion just because it it is deplorable, even if the whole country is against it. We fought Saddam Hussein too, it is not illigal to support him and what he stands for, again largely due to the first amendment of the U.S constitution which prohibits government from banning speech."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why is pencil graphite referred to as Lead instead of graphite?
|
[
"Before chemistry was really a thing, everyone thought that graphite was a type of lead, probably because it's so soft."
] |
[
"Things that go black when burned is mainly due to the high concentration of Carbon in it because Carbon is black."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are the words "Yeah" and "Oh" always in pop songs and said for so long?
|
[
"They are used as *filler* where the tune requires a note, but the singer doesn't have anything more to say. An excellent lyricist will try to adjust the wording so that not too many of these are needed."
] |
[
"Their songs are repetitive and formulaic, in terms of lyrics and instruments. So basically, they're the Justin Bieber of rock. Also, their songs usually have country vocals, which is unpopular in today's society."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Where does color goes when the sun "bleaches" it?
|
[
"It breaks the molecules that make the color, and the byproducts don't have any specific color. The atoms are still there, but formed into different molecules."
] |
[
"You can see through glass, but if you take that glass and chop it up in a pile you cant see though it anymore. Snow and ice work the same way. See wiki article for refraction"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
}
|
Why does my phone echo sometimes?
|
[
"issues with the line. there is noise on the line when you call. when you hang up an phone it makes a new connection and this time no issue with the connection. it can be either the person you call or your phone line causing this issue"
] |
[
"My iPhone constantly connects to my Apple Watch and my Bluetooth headphones at the same time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does inbreeding cause the offspring to have a significantly lower IQ than average? What is the science behind it?
|
[
"take it that a human body has 2 sets of genes. When a baby is made, half the genes are from the mother and other half is from the father. These genes make proteins which help our body work. However, there are occasionally some errors in the genes which ends up making defective/too much/too little proteins which give rise to diseases. Some of these diseases require 2 faulty set of genes in order to manifest. So if daddy has a defective gene but mommy contributes a normal set, the disease does not manifest clinically (or is milder). If there are many generations of inbreeding, the set of defective genes are kept within the same family tree; there is no new genetic input from a different family and thus the probability of having a child with 2 sets of defective genes increase. This increases the risk of diseases, out of which some may feature a lower IQ/brain malformations."
] |
[
"Yes it probably would but at the same time being closely related doesn't guarantee there will be any harmful mutations. Even a brother and sister could have very healthy children. They just have an increased risk of passing on mutations."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
Why is it that after waking from a bad dream, even though I am awake and aware that the dream was not real, I am still irrationally freaked out and disturbed by the events of the dream for a good amount of time?
|
[
"If you are having a scary dream your body may start producing Adrenaline, or other hormones that help you deal with stressful situations. Even though you have woken up, those hormones are still active in your system and the heightened sense of awareness sticks around until your hormone levels return to normal."
] |
[
"So you wouldn't confuse reality with dreams. Since I've been on antidepressants, I've been remembering a lot of my dreams. Sometimes, I recall what happened in dreams as believing it had actually happened. For example, I dream that I had a conversation with a colleague. When I reference that conversation to my colleague, they look at me weird."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Why can't modern houses be economically independent with solar + battery+ a little backup generator just incase?
|
[
"A) You need a large array of solar powers to provide full coverage to the home (large initial cost, requires a lot of surface area, potentially takes away from the visual appeal of the home) B) until very recently, there hasn't really been any cost-effective battery solution for homes (Tesla Powerwall is helping to change this) C) Most people who live in developed countries don't have to worry about power outages because they are extremely rare. In these countries, it doesn't make sense to install solar panels just as an emergency backup... you would only do the install if your intention was to go off-grid so you don't have to pay a monthly electric utility bill (and/or because you can sell excess electricity back to the grid / power company to potentially earn money)."
] |
[
"You just need to look at the maximum human power output. While the peak might be 2000W, over an hour duration it's more like 1500W. That 1.5KWh of electricity. It's not about the bike or the generator, you can't make more electricity than the power output of a human with any bike. Could you engineer a home to run for a day on 1.5KWh? Sure, it's possible. The average US house uses 30 KWh of electricity per day, so it's going to have to be a super efficient all LED, gas stove, gas heating, gas hot water, line drying sort of house. Not like my house or your house."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
If we are 70% H2O, why are we considered Carbon based?
|
[
"The chemistry that keeps us going is based on carbon-chain molecules. We do use water for some reactions but most of it is just solvent for molecules to float around and react in. It's somewhat like why we say tea is a plant-based beverage even though it's mostly water. The interesting part isn't the water."
] |
[
"What on Earth are you talking about? 1. Humans can taste water. 2. How do you know that dogs can taste water?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:"
}
|
Why do we have speed limits rather than a speed range?
|
[
"Because that's the top speed you can safely do, assuming ideal conditions (at least that's the premise). When it's raining, snowing, cold or dark, this changes it from being ideal conditions. It's not safe to drive at that speed any more. Worse it is, the slower you need to go, especially if your visibility is impaired. Too much variation in the weather to set a \"minimum speed\". Not sure about you are, but here there is a 5% tolerance on our 100kph speed limit - 105 before they'll ping you. (which quite funnily is, in mph, equating to 63mph in a 60)"
] |
[
"Too expensive, little or no benefit. The people that benefit from metric (scientists, engineering) already switched over long ago. For everyone else: Does it really matter if the speed limit is in mph or kph? Are you having trouble converting the speed limit to feet per second on a daily basis? No? Then we're fine."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
can you explain the NFL lockout to me (what it is, why it happened, outcomes of it etc.) LI5
|
[
"One answer can be found in the other thread created here _URL_0_ As for the outcome, I haven't found much of a resource on what has been created but a few things like Rookie Wage system has been set up so that draft picks will be paid a certain amount depending on where they were drafted. I also believe the rights of refusal which is a teams ability to choose three of the teams free agents and match any offer given to them. So for example, if Chad Ochocinco was a restricted free agent looking for a team, and the New England Patriots agreed with Chad that they'd pay him 30 million for 2 years, the Bengals could match the pay and keep Chad despite him wanting to play for the Patriots. Other outcomes include each team's salary cap for their players being 120 million. (the number might be wrong but that is one gist). There are many more but those are the main ones I know of."
] |
[
"I get it. And I hope someone here explains it well. If not, watch this: _URL_0_ But explanations and history aside, it seems to me that everyone, in my experience at least, seems to think that now it is dumb. Why doesn't it go away? what would it take? Why wouldn't it just get phased out or go away completely? I cannot think of things anywhere that would be adversely affected by it's sudden disappearance... Edit- coming from someone working 13 hours instead of 12 hours tonight :("
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
The world can't agree on standard units of measurement for anything except time. H ow come?
|
[
"They can and did. ISO standard units called the SI units. Most everyone doing serious business is using them for most everything and have been for a while, non-SI units are just used in day-to-day stuff because people have preferences and it's generally not worth it to, for example, force Canadians to actually measure their mass in kilograms."
] |
[
"USA doesn't use the metric system, the rest of the world does. USA uses the imperial system."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
We all mostly skip or block ads. What makes companies still believe online ads like on youtube is worth investing?
|
[
"\"We\" is comprised of tech-savvy desktop/laptop users. Mobile users and most internet users don't use adblock, and their revenue makes it worthwhile."
] |
[
"People do use ad blockiing plugins, apps and filters. People also develop banner blindness. They can look at fifty pages an hour and not remember a single ad or at least not consciously. Even if you see something for a second or so it still registers in your mind and advertising people know this. Advertising on the web is dirt cheap compared to magazine ads, newspapers or tv and radio. The percentage of people using ad blocking software is probably fairly low. Even if it were fifty percent that still leaves millions who browse unfiltered."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Can someone explain what quantum suicide and quantum immortality are?
|
[
"Some people think that when something happens, new versions of reality are made, one for each possible outcome of the thing happening. For example, you flip a coin. In one universe, the coin comes up heads. In another universe it comes up tails. Now say you decide to kill yourself. You get a gun and point it at your head and pull the trigger. In one universe, it goes off and you die. In another, the gun jams and you live. Since the only universe you are alive in is the one where you live, you experience that universe. Therefore, according to you, you do not die. This happens every time you have a chance of dying. According to you, you can never die."
] |
[
"The very pont of it is to be confusing. It's supposed to not make sense, it's a though experiment to point out the illogical nature of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why is it that plants comparatively much less diverse (only ~250,000 species) than other clades of life?
|
[
"I don't know for certain, but think about it: Plants are sedentary. They find a particular kind of environment that suits them well and, for the most part, stay in one place for their whole lives. They don't need to develop systems that allow for locomotion. They don't need to develop complex tissues and organs that make up that system, nor the vessels and oxygen transport mechanism to ensure the cells in the locomotion system stay energized. They don't require much energy since, again, they stay put; they make their own energy, and it's enough to get by on. Much of the complexity of animal life revolves around how they tweak the basic mechanics of moving around. Where does it move? How does it move? What does it require in order to move? How much and what kind of energy does it need? Does it regulate its own internal temperature?"
] |
[
"Those types of animals evolved from common ancestors, and fit their niches. However, not all animals (snakes, fish, etc) are like that. Its a matter of the common ancestor being (relatively) recent enough."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why do we randomly get this weird/burning sensation in the nose when inhaling?
|
[
"Always assumed it was a dry spot where there was no mucous."
] |
[
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
how do sinkholes happen
|
[
"Student Civil Engineer here. To put it as if you are actually 5. Imagine there is a road, now underneath that road there is soil. Over time water can erode (takes away) bits of soil. Over a period of time there is now no more soil under the road since the water has eroded it and there is just a big hole. Eventually the road cannot support its own weight and collapses into the empty space. This is a sinkhole. The reason why i said over time and over a period of time is because these can happen fast (during floods) or very slowly. A leak in a sewage pipe over years dropping small amounts of water every few minutes can still create a sinkhole. Hope this is helpful."
] |
[
"It would just burst some w here close by. It takes the path of least resistance and the geysers aren't connected around the world"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
Are mobile ads intentionally the last thing to load while opening a page, so more people would accidentally click them?
|
[
"No. Ads are usually provided by a 3rd party company from their servers, not the same server that is delivering the rest of the content on the page, so they can often take longer to load compared to other stuff on the page. They are often also image-heavy, which means they take longer to load than text. They are also usually inserted into the page using javascript, so that they can load several different ads to different viewers on the same page, or target ads to different users, or track impressions, & c. The script that loads these ads often runs after other content in the page has loaded, so that the page doesn't have to wait on the ads & just display as blank while the ads load (this would lose you a ton of visitors, & make the ads worthless because there'd be no visitors to see them once they do load)."
] |
[
"Two main reasons. 1) Ads and in app purchases (not Reddit obviously but other apps generally have ads they make you watch and stuff they try to make you buy), and 2) generally people spend more time in apps than in their browser and companies know it’s very unlikely you’ll go to www.companyname to log in every single time you want to view their content. They want it to be convenient."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
why are we producing more aluminium than we recycle if it takes 95 percent less energy to recycle?
|
[
"Yes, it would be, but then there would also be a finite amount of aluminum on earth and we would never be able to have more bottles and cans than we do right now. The world is growing and we still have a need for new aluminum. People like airplane manufacturers and NASA need lots of high quality aluminum so they are willing to pay for the good stuff, coke doesn't need anyhting other than tin cans so they likely wont pay a premium for new aluminum and jsut use the recycled stuff."
] |
[
"Making aluminium from raw materials is a complex process. Once made the metal can be melt down and reformed without losing any quality. This process can be repeated over and over again. Along with the energy savings, recycling aluminium saves around 95% of the greenhouse gas emissions compared to the ‘primary’ production (Extraction from ores) process. Recycling 1 tonne of aluminium saves 9 tonnes of CO2 emissions. When you consider fact that 1 tonne of CO2 is equivalent to driving 2800 miles, the benefits of recycling really start to become compelling. So, definitely Aluminium cans are better."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
why are there no comedy categories at the Oscars
|
[
"Each awards show has their own thing. You're probably aware of the Oscars and the Emmy, but there are like a hundred others with their own style and categories. However you're not alone in your thinking. Not having a separate comedy category has been a regular criticism of the Oscars. They tried to assuage this a bit (and add some flair and promo to the show) by upping the best picture category from 5 films to up to 10, hopefully to allow more diverse films outside of dramas (such as animated, comedy's, and sci-fi films), but this is still pretty new. They changed the voting on it a bit too, but its unknown if this had any effect on the eventual winners. In other words... this particular award show does its own thing, just like the others, and this does not seem like something they are particularly interested in."
] |
[
"They look for people in their clique. Some amazing director never won, it really comes down to who the producer knows, how much lobbying they can do to get their movie reviewed by members of the panel. If you want to discover great movies, don't limit yourself to the winners, look at the nominates and other existing movie awards."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why is it when I love someone a lot, that sometimes I have to hug them tightly and it feels like I can't be close enough.
|
[
"No answer, but that is fucking adorable. I hope you two have a long happy life of being this in love together."
] |
[
"When you do it on purpose you don't bite as hard, because you don't want to hurt yourself. When you do it on accident you're biting pretty hard."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why are the stairs of an escalator higher than the stairs of a staircase?
|
[
"To give you better timing to get off the step at the end, and to somewhat discourage you from running up them while moving (primarily for children)."
] |
[
"1) Easier to mop the floor. Walls mean seams which can gather grime and other funny stuff. 2) Cheaper to build. The stalls mount at two points: the wall and the door pillars. 3) Less hanky-Panky goes on when the stalls aren't 100% private."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Why does half and half in containers not have to be refrigerated? How come it can be left out for days while milk has to always be kept cold?
|
[
"Are you sure you're not referring to non-dairy creamers? Half and half most certainly needs to refrigerated."
] |
[
"Both eggs and butter can be safely left at room temperature for quite a long time. Butter can go weeks, maybe months. With eggs, how long depends on whether they've been previously refrigerated or not. If they've been refrigerated, they should probably not be left out for more than an hour or two. But if they haven't, like eggs you might find at a farmer's market, they should be fine unrefrigerated for a week or so."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Food Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Food Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Food Science:"
}
|
Why are smoke shops allowed to sell bongs?
|
[
"Next time you go there, look for a sign. There will be one saying \"For Tobacco Use Only\" While bongs are commonly associated with marijuana, they are also used for tobacco and in that regard are perfectly legal. By saying they're only for tobacco it protects the stores from the drug laws you mention. So in order for there to be any legal consequences, people would have to prove that the shop is knowingly selling them for use with marijuana and not tobacco. This is impossible to prove in almost every case."
] |
[
"The pipes are not illegal. You can safely display them as art or use them to smoke tobacco if you'd like. It is the possession and consumption of weed that is illegal."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
How does hot water work in hotels?
|
[
"While all buildings are a little different, most use a single boiler and a recirculating hot water system. Hot water circulates in big loops on each floor, driven by small magnetic pumps. This means the water is \"instant-on\". The storage tank is kept warm by the boiler and inflowing water is warmed before it goes into the tank. This provides constant temperature hot water all day."
] |
[
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
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|
How do pornography sites stay in business?
|
[
"For the same reason Youtube is allowed to exist. The law determined that these sites cannot reasonably be expected to control uploaded content to such a degree, in other words they cannot be held accountable for copyright infringement *as long as* they comply with DMCA requests and delete videos on demand. This does happen even now, I remember a certain popular account on xvideos/xhamster that got banned multiple times for example. The problem of course is that videos get uploaded faster than they can be taken down. Commercial porn sites probably have given up on that battle more or less and adapted. Instead, they release \"sample clips\" in order to advertise for their sites of full HD content. Those commonly 5-minute long vids are just small parts of hour long productions that you usually *don't* get to see."
] |
[
"Because the sites themselves aren't hosting any illegal content. They're just linking to it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
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|
How am I a W-2 employee, yet do not qualify for any benefits, including unemployment? Details in comments.
|
[
"It varies from state to state. One reason could be that you didn't earn enough in at least one of two consecutive quarters. Depending on exactly when your season ends, that could screw you. Or just simply not enough hours. No matter what the reason, I think you're entitled to a hearing. I'm sure that varies as well, but it's worth looking in to. EDIT: To clarify, I believe this hearing is like an appeal. If you've applied and been denied, it's an opportunity to meet with whomever it would be and plead your case."
] |
[
"If they work more than 29 hours a week, the company is responsible for providing them health insurance. That is really expensive. Much more cost effective to have multiple part time employees that you don't have to pay for their health insurance."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How come Humans can't learn animal languages and communicate to them?
|
[
"Because animals don't have language. They communicate emotions with sound like angry growls, panicked screams, horny rumbles, and affectionate purrs, but they can't communicate abstract thoughts, form sentences, assign arbitrary names to objects and events, combine terms to make new concepts, etc, which is what we consider language to be. A Mandarin-speaker and a Finnish-speaker can communicate anger and fear and happiness and affection perfectly well without using language, right? Just by sounds, tones, movements, facial expressions? Well, that's the level on which animals communicate."
] |
[
"To rephrase OP's question. Can animals of the same species from different parts of the world understand each other. Would a monkey in Africa and Brazil be able to hunt together and communicate the same way they usually do when in their native land?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
How and Why exactly does encryption work? Dont you need to transfer the key, and couldnt (lets say the NSA) not simply obtain it by saving all your internet activity?
|
[
"Nope, because of the magic of asymmetric cryptography. The short version is that the key used to *encrypt* the data is not the same as the one to *decrypt* it. When Alice sends something to Bob, she encrypts it with his *public* key. This is a key that everyone has the right to see and access. Only Bob, who has the only copy of his *private* key, can then decrypt the message. He then sends a reply, encrypting with Alice's public key, and she decrypts with her private key. The same sort of thing happens with an SSL transaction (HTTPS). When you connect to a secure site, you know you have the right site because they have a certificate proving they are who they say they are. That certificate is also the public key, so you send the data encrypted with that key, and only that site can decrypt it. The site sets up a special session key to encrypt the rest of the data, so you and the site can continue to talk encrypted without anybody else being able to view the contents of the traffic."
] |
[
"the signal itself can be intercepted by anyone. the deal is, though, that the contents of the signal are encrypted. you need the password to decrypt it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What do degrees (temperature) actually measure?
|
[
"At a basic level you can think of temperature as the average molecular energy of a system. Temperature can be measured in different ways, but they all come down to measuring changes in heat energy (molecular motion and jiggling). In everyday thermometers, what is measured is how a liquid (originally mercury) expands with temperature, travelling up the bulb. The expansion is due to the atoms in the liquid moving faster and pushing on each other harder. In devices called thermocouples, the temperature affects how well a piece of metal conducts electricity, which can be measured precisely. There are also infrared thermometers, which measure the heat energy in the form of light that objects give off. It's important to note that temperature isn't the same thing as energy, but the explanation requires delving into the wonders of thermodynamics, which is a bit too complicated for me to ELI5."
] |
[
"Both scales are linear measurements of the same phenomenon with a different intercept and slope. So they have to intersect *somewhere*. It just so happens that this intersection occurs at -40 degrees Celsius. In contrast, Kelvin and Celsius (or Rankine and Fahrenheit) don't intersect because they have the same slope - 1 degree indicates the same increase in temperature."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why is it such a big deal that it costs more than 1 cent to make a penny? Shouldn't the cost and production of other coins and bills counteract the defecit of making pennies?
|
[
"Just because you CAN make up a loss in one are with a gain in another doesn't justify that loss. You could say \"sure, I throw away every other roll of toilet paper I buy without using it, but I buy toilet paper at half price.\" Well, it would be better still to buy that half-price toilet paper and NOT throw any away. There are a lot of other good reasons to get rid of pennies, but I won't bore you by going into them here."
] |
[
"We have done this with other coins - there's plenty of them that haven't been minted in years but are still in circulation as valid currency. The penny is a little different because not only is it the only coin of its value, but no combination of other coins can add up to it for the obvious reason. That makes it a little harder to phase out. There's also cultural reasons - the penny is sort of a beloved little bastard in American culture. \"Find a penny, pick it up\", \"lucky penny\", \"penny for your thoughts\", \"my two cents\", etc. However, I think Canada did phase out their penny by stopping minting of new pennies while still allowing existing ones to circulate."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why does yellow mustard taste so different from Dijon mustard?
|
[
"Because its a different kind of mustard. Full of different... stuff. Different *mustard stuff*."
] |
[
"The flavours you mention all have one thing in common: sourness. Ketchup, all dressed and dill pickle are all vinegary flavours and sour/vinegar is not a flavour element that's very popular in American cuisine with a few notable exceptions (certain bbq sauces for example). Salt & vinegar or malt vinegar is extreeeeeeeeeeemely popular in the UK/Ireland, as are all things pickled. The American taste tends to run more towards sweet and salty."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why are denim jeans both stiflingly uncomfortable in hot weather and freezing in cold weather?
|
[
"When its too hot you will be hot in jeans. When its too cold you will be too cold in jeans."
] |
[
"The upper part of your body is still exposed to the cooler air, and being wet, water will evaporate from it, cooling it down further. Part of the enjoyment is the contrast between the hot and cold. When it is hot out, your whole body is hot, and when it is humid, your perspiration doesn't evaporate well. Also, you know you can get out of the hot tub any time you like, so you don't feel like you are trapped with no end in sight. Finally, you are not wearing street clothes, so being wet and sweaty is less unpleasant."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
the oligodynamic effect (i.e brass doorknobs disinfecting themselves after a period of time)
|
[
"It's a fancy name for a simple concept. Atoms of heavy metals interfere with certain enzymes and proteins -- molecules that cells need to live. In other words, the metal simply poisons the bacteria, mold, etc."
] |
[
"Probably natural way the body avoids bacteria that grows more on food at medium temperatures"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Language and culture:"
}
|
I am short-sighted. If I look in a mirror which is close to my face, objects in the distance (in the mirror) still look blurry. Why?
|
[
"A mirror is not a picture. Put your camera in selfie mode and you will see the background in focus, because the camera in your phone is properly focused and the screen on your phone is a real image. The image in a mirror, on the other hand, is a virtual image made by reflecting light from the real world to your eyes. The distance to the objects in the scene is unchanged (maybe a little longer by the distance to the mirror and back)."
] |
[
"Near sighted people can see things that are near, but not far away - Far-sighted people can see far away things, but not things near them. I'm near sighted, so without my glasses I can see things that are near. I don't need glasses to read a book/monitor or see anything within arms length, but without my glasses everything further than arms length is all fuzzy and blurry. My glasses don't mess up my near vision, so I wear them all the time. Some people need glasses for near AND far, so they wear bifocals. They look through the top of their glasses to see far away, and look through the bottom of their glasses to read or see things close up. It's all about the shape of your eye and whether or not the image coming through the front of the eye is focused on the back of the eye correctly."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
How do hair transplants work?
|
[
"Hair from the back and side of your own head is used. It's not affected by male pattern baldness. They take individual hairs or groups and place them on your bald areas. To get more complex, this hair is unaffected by DHT which causes MPB hair loss. Older techniques would use awkward looking groups of hair (ie hair plugs) while more modern techniques take smaller follicle groups harvest from a removed strip of scalp or device that takes individual follicle groups directly from the scalp (called Follicular unit extraction, or FUE). [source](_URL_0_)"
] |
[
"To clear the urinary tract so as to prevent UTI's."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Do water filters (like those placed in Brita water pitchers) really make a substantial difference in the quality of the water?
|
[
"Lots of people out there live outside of cities, they have water softeners, etc. But still the water is skanky and nasty. So, the britta filter comes to the rescue! It removes sulfer, iron, calcium, nitrates, and other nasty tasting stuff. In 3rd world countries they have similar things with silver membranes to kill nasties. Such as the Tata Swach. _URL_0_ The also have micron filters, UV lamps, and various other gizmos."
] |
[
"By what criteria? In terms of value for money, it's very hard to beat water from your local municipal supply. It's more tightly controlled than bottled water and, unless your area has major problems, it's quite safe. If you find that your municipal supply has an unpleasant taste because of mineral content, there are a bunch of different kinds of filters you can use, or you can buy any of the brands of bottled water. Bottled water is way more expensive, though."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why some people would rather help an animal than a human?
|
[
"Speaking personally, animals seem more helpless and innocent. I feel like a human could help themselves in a way that a cat or dog couldn't, hence the animal is in greater need of help."
] |
[
"Who's more likely to tell you their salary: a rich person, or a poor person?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why are second (and if lucky) third orgasms in a sex session (with a partner or alone) less intense than the first?
|
[
"That's funny, my second ones are always way more intense."
] |
[
"I'll throw in my personal experience. I'm one of those women who has no problem having an orgasm. I have multiple about 95% of the time my SO and I have sex. So, here's the difference for me. Clit based orgasms feel great but they are shorter and more shallow meaning they are brief and less of a whole body experience. Vaginal orgasms roll through out my whole body and keep going. Vaginal orgasms are deeper, more powerful and last longer. They can also roll into each other where are clit orgasms are independent of each other always. There's build up, climax, and cool down with clit orgasms. With vaginal, it is very possible to not cool down, at least for me. No experience with anal, so, I can't speak to that. Hope that made any sense and sorry for any typos, I'm on my phone."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Air pressure in houses? Why do some doors hit a cushion of air when they close, some doors slam when they close, and some doors get sucked closed?
|
[
"It's depends on how air tight the room is. You will notice this with doors that are tighter to the carpet and not under cut. Take a door that you can't slam because of this and open a window in that room the air will be forced out the window and the door will close easier. Opening or closing a door rapidly will generate lots of air movement. Without somewhere to go it will be more difficult to close. Undercut doors allow air underneath. Similar to Windows letting air outside. Also to note in commercial buildings many glasses enclosed rooms and others have what's called transfer air duct that as well as allowing air out functionally assist in the same way. Source union sheet metal worker. Duct work."
] |
[
"On some elevators, yes, nothing happens. On those elevators it is for show, because people expect it to be there, and because it's cheaper for the elevator manufacturer to leave it in than to build a second version that doesn't have them. The button works on most elevators though. In the ones I've seen, you have to hold, not press, the door close button, in which case it either immediately starts to close the door, or cuts into the delay time that the door would normally be open. If you're expecting the button to instantly slam the door shut, you'll never see that. Elevators close slowly because it gives people time to make sure they and their belongings aren't stuck in the doorway, and because those doors can be heavy, and thus it would be dangerous if not lethal to have them slam shut quickly on your soft, squishable flesh."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why do such well-known companies as McDonald's and Coca-Cola pay tens of millions to be the lead sponsors of the World Cup/Olympics/etc.? Do people really not know these companies at this point?
|
[
"A part of it is about securing future customers through positive association. If you are 5 y.o. and love football, and everytime you watch it on tv a big coca cola logo is burnt into your retinas, then you're more likely to prefer it once you're older and actually have some disposable income. Thats the idea, anyhow..."
] |
[
"Coke is just a short-hand way of saying \"Coca-Cola\" (although a lot of people use it to mean any generic cola-flavoured drink). Pepsi and Coca-Cola are produced by two different companies. The \"point\" (if there is one) is that the people at Pepsi want to make as much money for their company as possible, and the people at Coca-Cola want to make as much money for their company. They're competing against each other."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Sports and Advertising:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sports and Advertising:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
The number system of Graphics Cards
|
[
"There essentially isn't one. Within an individual product line from a given manufacturer the numbers may mean something, but mostly they are just the name the manufacturer gave to that video card. It's all about marketing. The first number in most cards indicates the \"generation\" of video card they belong to, but this is still just marketing. A higher number doesn't necessarily mean more performance. A high-end GTX 6xx card might outperform a low-end GTX 7xx card, for instance. Basically, you have to look at the charts. The numbers are made up to sell more video cards, not to be informative in any way."
] |
[
"The use what is called noise, the most well known example is perlin noise. _URL_3_"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why can I hear a TV from another room, even if the volume is off?
|
[
"Although I can't understand what you're saying in the explanation, I think I know what your'e talking about. Old TVs emit a very high frequency noise that is constantly on, even with the volume muted. you might be hearing this from the other room."
] |
[
"The wires going to your speakers can act as antennas that pick up the control signal sent to your phone that tells it that there's an incoming call."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What does "single payer" mean in the american health care system ?
|
[
"\"Single Payer\" means that there is a single entity that handles all of the insurance payments to medical providers. In this case, that payer would be the government. Instead of multiple private insurers that each cover a small portion of the population and each negotiate their own prices for procedures... we would have one big insurer that covers everyone and negotiates in behalf of everyone for lower prices on procedures. This would allow for lower and more fair pricing as well as universal coverage regardless of wealth or pre-existing conditions."
] |
[
"Instead of everyone paying extra taxes, everyone has to buy health insurance. Unless you can't afford it. It's a privatized version of our (Canada's) healthcare."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How is mass extinction humans fault?
|
[
"> Considering most people at that time and prior loved in mud huts HA! Humans had already been farming for 9,500 years, living in cities for most of that, China had been a sprawling empire for 4,500 years, Rome had risen and fallen. Just because we hadn't built a steam engine yet didn't mean we weren't causing change to the environment on a massive scale, and had been for ages. And one of the biggest ways was with our stomachs - it's likely that human hunting played a major role in the disappearance of all the megafauna species in the new world, starting perhaps 10- to 20,000 years ago."
] |
[
"The answer you are looking for and the answer the others are ignoring is; yes, there is a psychological element to thirst satiation."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How are branded drinks mass produced? (Gatorade, Monster)
|
[
"There are huge companies out there that you have probably never heard of that make all different components of food and drinks. This includes flavor companies, food coloring companies, salt... pretty much every component on the back of the can was produced by someone else besides the one actually making the drink. So then gatorade has research facilities, pilot plants(kinda like a small scale plant to do trial runs, experiments on a bigger scale) and full scale industrial plants. The researchers figure out the exact formula they want for a product, it gets scaled up once for the pilot plant so they can figure out how to mass produce it and get the engineering kinks worked out and then it goes to full scale production. At the plant, they have filtered water that mixes with either a concentrated syrup or powder and then its pumped into cans or bottles. Then CO2 can be added and it is sealed and labeled."
] |
[
"Which sports drink? Yellow Gatorade mix is yellow. Red Gatorade mix is red. Blue Gatorade mix is blue. What sports drink mix are you using?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
what's an API? (computers)
|
[
"It's an \"application programming interface\". It's a defined set of methods by which you interface with functions and data of a program from another programmer. E.G. google's API would allow me to submit (programmatically) a string as a search and get back a dataset of results that include descriptive text and url."
] |
[
"a popular question! not to discourage any further contributions on the topic, but check out this section of the \"popular questions\" wiki* [How far back could I go and still communicate?](_URL_0_) *see the \"popular questions\" link on the sidebar, or the \"wiki\" tab above"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about history:"
}
|
Why are Japanese fan content creators so much more strict about their activities in order to avoid copyright issues than Western fan creators?
|
[
"Social responsibility. In general, Japanese culture has a bit more sense of morality in respect to the original creators. They don't want to hurt the creators. Theres also this sense in Japan of following the order of things just for the sake of the law. A lot of westerners will do things they know they aren't supposed to, if they think they can get away with it. Japanese I think are more likely to take the \"safe\" road. Lots of generalizations here, but I think it mostly holds true."
] |
[
"Because Japan has censorship laws when it comes to their porn. Most Asian porn seems to originate from Japan."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
The difference between a parody and a satire
|
[
"Parody is imitation. Satire is humorous, constructive, social criticism."
] |
[
"They claim they are \"for entertainment purposes, only\", putting the onus on the readers to know that this could very well be a fantastic story the magazine is telling them."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How come—when looking at the light produced on earth VIA satellite imagery, they are always yellow, when in fact, there are lights of all different colors being produced?
|
[
"It's not VIA, it's just via, a word. :-) Anyhow, the answer is simple: most electric lights are actually yellow, so when you look at a lot of lights grouped together from far away, you see mostly yellow light."
] |
[
"No, it will not be the same. The atmosphere in earth is responsible for the colors we see. A subset on earth is red and orange, but the sunset on Mars is blue."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Why is insurance handled by private, for-profit companies rather than by the government?
|
[
"> and that's definitely not who I would want backing me if I get in an accident. ...except that, unless you were criminally stupid when signing a contract, in this particular case you get to sue them, i.e. get the government involved. Under capitalism, the government is the policeman, not the entire economy."
] |
[
"Capitalism: an economic system based on \"production for profit\" Socialism: an economic system based on \"production for use\" The key difference between a production for profit and production for use system is that in the former businesses are owned by \"capital owners\" who either run the business themselves or hire someone to run it. The goal of the capitalist is to make as much profit as possible. In a production for use system there is no profit and business is either owned by the workers, the community as a whole or the state. In the lemonade stand example the business is taken over by the workers and run as a \"worker cooperative\"."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
How do tunnel builders know where they are going?
|
[
"i dont know anything about that specific project, but in general there is an engineer that surveys in the centerline of the tunnel using a theodolite (_URL_0_). you basically move a known point down the tunnel using the previous point along the centerline as a reference. you offset each point from the actual centerline so that you can mark the actual points with a nail along the tunnel wall, out of the way."
] |
[
"We don't really know how and why they move, we only know where and when we can detect them. What happens between launch and detection is pure speculation."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Physics:"
}
|
How exactly do Saline pools work?
|
[
"Salt water pools still use chlorine, the difference is that the chlorine is produced through electrolysis using the salt as the base material. The advantage is that the salt electrolysis process creates free chlorine ions (the type of chlorine that kills bacteria) and burns off chloramines (the type of chlorine that burns your eyes and smells like strong bleach). As long as they are maintained they will work just as well at killing bacteria, and people tend to find them less irritating, especially if they have sensitive skin. The salt system also has the benefit of \"softening\" the water. They tend to have a higher initial setup cost though, and saltwater is more corrosive than freshwater so you have to keep an eye on the internals and plumbing of the filtration system."
] |
[
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why did I just pay $250 for a passport with a 3-week turnaround, when a driver's license is $25 and take 30 minutes?
|
[
"A driver's license is a state-issued document accepted by state governments certifying your identity and ability to drive. A passport is a federally-issued document accepted by international governments certifying your identity and travel eligibility and history. Whereas you can get away with a temporary driver's license printed on a DMV receipt printer, a passport has a LOT of liability tied to it and basically is your country insuring you as \"This person is a Normal Person\" The cost comes from the legal backing, as well as whatever background checks they need to run on you"
] |
[
"My ex-wife lost her passport, driver's license, social security card, and birth certificate (she had been fingerprinted: all teachers in Colorado need to be fingerprinted in order to get their professional licenses, but we didn't need that). First step? Local county courthouse, where we plopped down $5 for a copy of her birth certificate. No ID needed for that. Next, to the Social Security offices, where we got a duplicate of her Social Security card (I'd memorized her SSN, so that helped a little). Next, to the post office where we mailed off the birth certificate and got a duplicate passport. Then to the DMV for a new driver's license. Ta daa!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why is financing a car through a bank cheaper than financing through the dealership, even though dealerships have lower interest rates?
|
[
"Quite often, its not. Many times you can combine a rebate with incentivised financing and end up much cheaper than your bank. For example, my wifes 2012 altima is currently financed at 0.5 percent and we bought it several thousand below invoice due to rebates/dealer incentives. No banks/credit unions were anywhere close at the time. The cheapest was around 4% at the time. Where dealerships get you is with all of the add-ons like extended warranties, window etching, undercoats, etc and you will get offered those regardless of whose financing you use."
] |
[
"If there is no collateral given for the bank loan (like a signature loan), they're both considered unsecured. This makes a big difference for things like the Fair Debt Collection Act. It influences the statute of limitations and how institutions can collect an unpaid loan. A signature loan and a credit card are functionally the same. You're getting a signature loan because you don't want to be paying up to 20% APR like you would on a credit card. Basically, you're asking the bank to compete with your credit card."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
how come we don't yet know the perfect diet for humans?
|
[
"There isn't one. It would vary person to person and even to some degree day to day per person."
] |
[
"i just drop like a sack of potatoes. So if there is such a mechanism i want to ask the follow up question why mine doesn't work?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do aeroplanes/airplanes have headlights?
|
[
"> Why do aeroplanes/airplanes have headlights? Aircraft commonly land at night when it is dark. Being able to see the ground when coming in for a landing is important because they need to touch down at a reasonable speed. So not to put too fine a point on it, they are so the pilots can see when it is dark. You know, like with regular car headlights."
] |
[
"Not a fighter pilot, but here goes... 1. Protection from shrapnel if they got hit. 2. Something for NVG's/Oxygen masks/sun shades to attach to. 3. Radio/intercom microphone and speakers 4. Protection from getting knocked unconscious from banging their heads against the canopy during high g maneuvers. 5. Place to put badass drawings. Military transport pilots don't wear helmets, they wear civilian style headphones."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why do i sleep better when its cold?
|
[
"The temperature that your body sleeps at is lower than the temperature your body maintains the rest of the day, this is for energy conservation and obviously to let your body rest. Simply put, keeping the temperature in your room lower may help your body to achieve this lower resting temperature. This makes falling asleep and staying asleep easier."
] |
[
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
How does a contagion spread from contact with an open wound to the target organ in the body ?
|
[
"Generally through the blood stream or the lymphatic vessels. When a contagion attacks a specific organ I.e. Hepatitis, it is because something about those cells allows that particular pathogen to attack/reproduce better than they do in other cells. They don’t move towards that organ specifically, they just keep getting pumped through the bloodstream until they find a good place to start reproducing, or they’re killed by the immune system"
] |
[
"He encounters whatever natural reservoir the particular disease inhabits, for instance, some other species of animal that is also a carrier of the relevant disease."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why can some people smoke and never get addicted, while other are addicted for life?
|
[
"Not everyone is equally susceptible to addiction to cigarettes. I can chain smoke for a few weeks and then just stop for a few weeks without it being an issue. I'm not sure why that is true for me but its possible it may be because I was around second hand smoke a lot as a child."
] |
[
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry in the body. Similarly, if somebody gets addicted to heroin, why would they end up addicted to coffee?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Why do trained muscles get more volume rather than density?
|
[
"They get both volume and density, but there's an effective limit on how dense muscle tissue can be since it still needs to move and breathe and heal. There's less of a limit on volume, and it's also more visibly noticeable."
] |
[
"Typically, they have longer more elastic muscles that enable them to outperform men in flexibility tasks. Women also recover more quickly than men after a bout of exercise. When men gain strength and size, their bodies often develop more fast twitch muscle fibers than slow-twitch muscle fibers."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
In US, when a city is divided into two states, if a crime occurs in a part of city and the criminal is caught in different part of city, Is he also violated Federal Interstate laws?
|
[
"Only if he committed the crime across the line. For example, if I knock over a Quickie Mart in KS, and then flee to MO I've only committed a crime in KS. If a kidnap a guy in MO and take him to KS now I've committed a crime in both states as well as federally. Its the cross-border nature of the crime that is important, not where the criminal is located. If I knocked over the Quickie Mart in KS *from* MO that'd be federal too. I don't know how I'd manage that though :P"
] |
[
"1. That line is not big enough to kill/stash a body. 2. Aside from a few odd exceptions every bit of land on the planet is claimed by someone. 3. Where did the crime start? You didn't teleport to the border. You and your victim came from somewhere. The crime was planned and put in motion somewhere. That determines who brings you to justice. Edit: Grammar, Clarity. Edit 2: In addition to #3 above countries or states that share a border generally have laws that specify who is going to handle a crime, based on the details of the crime. I don't believe these are standardized, so each border may have slightly different rules. Edit 3: Cross-border crimes happen all the time. Someone gets kidnapped in one place, then killed in a second place. Most often, but not always, the criminal is sent back to where they started to face justice. Sometimes the criminal will go through the justice system in several places, if some crimes happened in one place and different crimes happened in the other."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
what happened to the hole in the ozone? Did we fix it, is it still there, was it never that big of a threat?
|
[
"We found replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and drastically cut down the rate at which we released them into the atmosphere. The holes are still there but have stopped growing and are on the path to recovery."
] |
[
"How bad is it *right now*? Not that bad. But it's going to get a lot worse in the next hundred years or so. That's a big part of why it seems like nobody's working to fix it: the consequences aren't immediate."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
}
|
When I put pressure on my eyes for an extended period of time I see really cool patterns that alternate. What is that?
|
[
"your eye is full of liquid called the vitreous humour. when you press on your eyes, you're increasing the pressure of that fluid inside the eye; that in turn causes pressure to be applied to the nerves in the back of your eye, on your retina. those nerves get confused and start sending out random signals that you see as cool-ass patterns."
] |
[
"Sweet. I love this question. I used to tell my doctors I could see these but he always said they were 'floaters' I was like no! they are cells, I can not directly look at them.. Okay.. So.. This is a thing known quite commonly as the [Blue Field Entoptic phenomenon](_URL_0_). You can click the link there and see a wiki on this. However.. The short story is that you are seeing is brought on by white blood cells passing through capillaries in front of your retina! How awesome is that? It's also a lot more noticeable in blue light as the red blood cells absorb that light leaving you to see the effect of the white more easily. You don't see them directly in the focus of your vision because there are no capillaries there. See the link in this explanation to see the cool details."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:"
}
|
Why is Saudi Arabia an ally of the USA?
|
[
"Saudi Arabia has oil and wants money. USA has money and wants oil. It's pretty much as simple as that."
] |
[
"North Korea is on a whole 'nother level compared to Saudi Arabia and Qatar."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
How can Brick and mortar retailers continue to exist with online competitors
|
[
"Somethings need to be touched or experienced. They can also do onsite repair and warranty work for value add Value add is the key. The appeal to niche markets or do something that email and returns isn't quite comfortable Would you buy a house online?"
] |
[
"There is a massive barrier to entry in order to compete with them."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Finance:"
}
|
Why does the shower water become hotter when someone flushes the toilet?
|
[
"your water heater heats water to anywhere from 120 to 180 degrees F. So in order to keep you from burning yourself cold water is mixed with the hot water to make a comfortable temperature. when a toilet is flushed it pulls a few gallons of water. thus, limiting the amount of cold water available to cool the shower."
] |
[
"Because the water that would normally go into the bowl from the tank/reservoir has nowhere to go. Same thing that would happen if you clogged your kitchen sink and turned on the faucet."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Do uncontacted tribes know we're here, like we are aware of their presence?
|
[
"My impression is that most of them are aware that some kind of big, huge, technologically advanced world exists, but they don't know shit about it. Commonly they are uncontacted because they want to be: being contacted tends to screw them over. (They flee from contact, or hear rumors from neighboring contacted tribes.) Either they have few useful skills and end up in the bottom of the heap of capitalism, or they get massacred by brutal 3rd-world mining and logging companies. OTOH, they likely have very little idea of the scale or workings of industrial civilization."
] |
[
"Natives. Literally. If we look at the bible as a semi-historical text, it goes back a few thousand years. People started migrating over the Land Bridge into North America from Asia before that. Meaning that while David fought Goliath, Geronima was chasing the buffalo. While Moses led the Jews out of Egypt, Sacagawea was helping prepare food. While Jesus was sitting at the last supper, Squanto was deciding whether or not to travel to the winter camp. The Natives have little written history, and even that which does exist, in drawings and oral history has been destroyed. We can't tell what exactly was happening, but we have a decent idea that the Native Americans were just living their lives. Like the Picts were living their lives, the Japanese were living their's, and the Australians, and Indians, etc. Edited for political correctness, because apparently English versions of Native Names are racist."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why can't we just gargle an antiseptic to get rid of a sore throat?
|
[
"Because the source of your sore throat is not lying around on the surface of your throat, but within the soft tissue surrounding it. Its like saying that washing your chest with a bar of soap should alleviate a chest cold."
] |
[
"Normally your body does a good job of getting rid of your everyday bacterial infections. You might have several colonies of harmful bacteria thriving inside your body but you won't even notice. However, when your immunity system is busy dealing with a widespread viral outbreak, like the flu, bacteria might take advantage. To deal with throat infection I recommend mouthwash. Once you feel your throat getting dry/sore, that's the bacteria settling in. Apply mouthwash several times to get rid of them. It will be over before it becomes a real nuisance."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why can't governments print "temporary" money to cover important expenses?
|
[
"They do, and it causes inflation because the money doesn't have any material value behind it. Money is just something we use to represent value. Without creating the value, the printed money isn't anything more than paper, which in turn, makes every piece of money less valuable."
] |
[
"They borrow from their citizens and other governments. This is usually done through the issuance of something like a \"treasury bond\". Citizens, Businesses and other governments all buy these bonds which is effectively a loan to the selling government. Also, don't forget that governments have the power to print their own money so they can always make more money to buy others debt or just pay debts themselves."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why can humans eat almost anything, yet so many foods like chocolate, grapes, and xylitol are dangerous for dogs and other mammals?
|
[
"The premise of your question is basically flawed. We can't eat almost anything. About half of the red berries in existence are poisonous to us but not to birds, for example. The same is true about mushrooms. Also, not everything that is edible is food. Uncooked grains are edible, but you would eventually die if that's all you ate. OTOH, if you cook it into bread, you're pretty much good to go."
] |
[
"Because people are morons and think that what's good for them must be good for their pets as well. Canines are carnivores that can have some vegetation in their diet, but it should be mostly meat. Felines are obligate carnivores that only eat vegetation to help with expelling indigestible matter in their GI tract."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Why are Americans more or less complacent with the income inequality in their country?
|
[
"> It seems like people are ready to bitch about how somebody is literally Hitler for collecting food stamps This is, unfortunately, the most successful way to *get* the extreme calcification of economies. When you blame the poorest and least powerful people for all the economic problems ('welfare queens') and put the rich on a pedestal ('job creators'), you get people fighting each other and ignoring the big issues. And because people are emotional, they want an enemy that is readily available and will make them feel good after getting some hits in on, not an enemy that appears untouchable and is difficult to have victories against. There are identity politics and self-worth issues at play here."
] |
[
"The United States are *not* the wealthiest or most advanced country on the planet. And what exactly do you mean by anxiety?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How are those huge cranes that work on skyscrapers setup/made taller/moved to really high floors?
|
[
"They're modular and self-assembling. The first structural piece under the rotation head, the lifter module, is more complex than the rest; it includes slides and jacks. The complete assembly process involves anchoring the base and setting up the horizontal arm. Once that's ready, the lifter module jacks up the head and the arm, and the crane lifts a structural segment off a truck and into place. Once the new segment is bolted in, the jacks retract and are bolted onto the new top structural segment. This process is repeated until the crane is as tall as it needs to be. Disassembly is the same process in reverse, with a caveat. If there is more than one crane involved, they may build around a crane within the building, so long as at least one crane is outside to lift out the pieces. The last crane, however, always has to have enough clear space to disassemble itself in the same process in reverse that it assembled itself with."
] |
[
"Well, usually you do have another crane, but let's imagine that you don't. I don't think that they use other cranes to build them anyway. For the record, I am not an expert in construction, but these are all ideas that seem feasible. If you want to build it vertically, you can use [scaffolding](_URL_0_) around it and build it piece by piece. Scaffolding can be constructed without a crane, you just have to do it layer by layer. You can use pulleys to get the pieces up to the top, and then you just weld/bolt it together as you go up. You can also build it lying on the ground, and then use pulleys to lift it up so it's vertical. That's how radio towers are built, since they're much taller than any crane and it costs too much to do it with scaffolding."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why is cooking wine not regulated in stores like regular wine is?
|
[
"Its not intended to be consumed as alcohol. Vanilla extract is well known way for minors to get alcohol."
] |
[
"One of the main reasons in America was the Prohibition era. When the USA went tee-total, many food manufacturers complained because their ethanol-containing products would be banned, sending them out of business. By the time the Volstead Act went into effect the following year, it included a clause that made an exemption for flavor extracts. Basically, they couldn't reasonably be drunk to cause intoxication. Things like vanilla extract were later regarded as food products which meant they were given less strict guidelines and paid less tax for the alcohol used in their product. TL:DR - Frangelico is regarded as a drink and vanilla extract is regarded as a food item, so can't be classed as a liqueur."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why are Dolphins considered to be smart/advanced?
|
[
"They have communities, basic communication skills, they understand death, they have sex for fun and rescue creatures that are in danger."
] |
[
"Orcas aren't whales. They're the largest member of the dolphin family if i recall correctly."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
During the Middle Ages, what would happen if a country invaded another, and the invaded country couldn't afford to fight so it surrendered, but the invading country kept on fighting?
|
[
"That's not really how treaties work. Treaties aren't like \"you get to keep all the land you've taken,\" they always specify very exact borders. If Country B truly had no will to fight, they would have given up all of their land (which is basically what an unconditional surrender is). If Country A didn't take advantage of the situation and got a treaty that wasn't as favorable as it could have been, tough shit; they should have thought of that before they signed the treaty. Of course, they could just break the treaty. There weren't any real international institutions in place to enforce that sort of thing, but you don't really make any friends with a reputation for breaking promises."
] |
[
"It depends on a few factors. The process of surrendering on the national level isn't as simple as just throwing your hands up in the air and saying \"I quit.\" Representatives will negotiate terms for the end of the war. Basically, the losing party says \"we want to stop fighting, what are your demands?\" If the demands are acceptable, one side surrenders and the war ends. If the demands aren't acceptable, the fighting continues. If you mean what keeps the victor from attacking *after* the defeated party surrenders, that's a bid different. To start off, they've got no real reason. The defeated are already willing to give the attacker what they asked for. If the terms weren't acceptable, then the attacker shouldn't have accepted them. Plus, if they did continue to fight, the attacker potentially risks massive international repercussions. It's just not worth it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How does the "brace" position in aircraft emergencies protect us?
|
[
"The position places the body in a way where the damage to the body will be minimized. _URL_0_ this is the result of not bracing. Bracing minimized the forces to the body"
] |
[
"Aircraft Maintenance here. It does not mess with the navigation equipment at all, despite what they tell you. It is mostly to prevent distractions with the crew during crucial periods of flight for individuals who don't have the courtesy to put it on silent."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
}
|
Why can certain types of batteries be recharged when others cannot?
|
[
"Non rechargeable batteries are based on an chemical reaction that is not reversible. Edit: electrically reversible that is."
] |
[
"Discharging a battery in a matter of seconds will tend to cause explosions, fires, or noxious fumes and permanent damage. So would charging a battery in a matter of seconds, unless it is very carefully and expensively designed and constructed for just this purpose. Most things that people put batteries in are things they would rather not have explode, catch fire, or be permanently damaged."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
The US has more youth playing soccer than any other nation in the world. Why don't we have our own Messi?
|
[
"We have a lot of kids who play soccer, but the vast majority are in recreational leagues, not serious youth development programs like Messi went through. Those are growing along with the domestic league, though - the MLS Academy system just started four or five years ago."
] |
[
"I don't know about other sports, but the youth system for soccer works differently that the youth system with sports in the US. In the US, a football player will play in high school, go on to play in college, then get drafted by the NFL. With soccer in Europe, the team signs the player when they are still a kid. For example, David Beckham joined Manchester United when he was 14 years old. The kid then goes through the club's academy and if they are good enough, eventually get promoted to the senior team when they become adults. So, college soccer is not a thing in Europe because college aged players for the professional clubs instead. I don't know about sports other than soccer."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
(As an American) Why is freedom of speech protected from the government, but not corporations?
|
[
"The Freedom of Speech does not grant you the right to say whatever you want, whenever you want, it merely prevents the GOVERNMENT from restricting your right to free speech. When it comes to private institutions, they are free to set their own rules regarding things like speech, because you always have the option to not use them. You are still allowed to keep your right to free speech, Tumblr is simply denying your ability to use THEIR website to do so."
] |
[
"The 1st Amendment only protects you from persecution from the government for your speech. It does not apply to private matters."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Cosplay; is it just done for an event? Does one wear their outfit on multiple, random occasions? Is it just made for the photos?
|
[
"It's usually for a convention, which will run for several days. Some people wear the same costume to multiple conventions, others make a new one for each one."
] |
[
"> Isn't saying cosplay enough? \"Joker and Harley Quinn cosplay\" is fine. > Also all of the Halloween costumes- Are Halloween costumes also cosplay? Conceptually, yes, but you probably wouldn't say it that way because it isn't part of the same \"scene\". If you bake a cake for Thanksgiving you aren't a \"baker\" in the same sense as the guy who owns a bakery down the road. Wearing a costume of a character from a movie or series is certainly cosplay but in the context of Halloween it is just dressing up in a costume. > I feel as though cosplay has a dirty connotation to it.. but perhaps that's just me. There is certainly prejudice of it being seen as nerdy. But as above, there is a difference between dressing up as Batman on Halloween and dressing up as Batman at Comicon in the middle of July."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
If there are concentration camps in North Korea that are similar to those found in Germany during WWII, why hasn't a military force such as NATO intervened?
|
[
"This is asked a lot, but here it goes. North Korea would react violently if any force tried to offer aid to those in the camps. If North Korea acted violently, there would probably be a war. If there were a war, China would be upset. China doesn't want millions of refugees and nuclear radiation at it's borders."
] |
[
"Sorry, but the atomic bombs in no way matched the magnitude of the Holocaust. Approximately 200,000 people died in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, to the roughly 11 million exterminated in Hitler's concentration camps. That's a factor of fifty-five times more, in case you're interested. Moreover, most historians estimate that the atomic bombs killed fewer people than an invasion of Japan would have. The conventional firebombing of Tokyo alone killed a similar number of people as both nuclear detonations. But even more importantly, war crime tribunals are run by the winners. Who's going to indict the United States for war crimes when their actions ultimately won the Pacific Theater? Don't think nobody learned anything from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There's a reason that was the last time any state has deployed nuclear weapons."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why is mercury the chosen substance for determining the temperature?
|
[
"We actually don't use mercury anymore, we use alcohol. But the simple answer is because as a liquid metal it is conductive, and expands and contracts predictably (importantly, linearly) with temperature changes. Further, unlike water, it's freezing point is low enough there is little change of that happening, and even if it somehow occurred it wouldn't make the thermometer explode as water would."
] |
[
"Could it have something to do with sensing the presence of a liquid first before sensing its temperature?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Physics:"
}
|
How do women's menstrual synchronize if they spend a lot of time together?
|
[
"They do not. It is a common misconception. They will occasionally *overlap*, in the same way as if you watch a bunch of cars with their blinkers on, but they don't synchronise."
] |
[
"So far as we know, there's no relationship between the moon and the menstrual cycle. It's a coincidence. There's some indication it might be an evolutionary hold-over. In some species (ex. lemurs), sex occurs around the time of the full moon. There hasn't been much conclusive evidence that this occurs in humans, so far as I'm aware."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
I am confused about how many KB are in 1 MB. Some sources seem to say 1000 and others say 1024. Which is it?
|
[
"1024, 1000 is rounded out, u don't say \"hey that burger is 1,99\" you say: \"hey that burger is 2 dollars\""
] |
[
"Long ago, we convinced people that a Megabyte was 1000 Kilobytes, and a Gigabyte was 1000 Megabytes so a Gigabyte is 1,000,000 Kilobytes. Your computer counts using base 2 so it considers a Megabyte to be 1024 Kilobytes and a Gigabyte to be 1024 Megabytes or 1,048,576 Kilobytes You bought a 32,000,000 KB drive which your computer divided by 1,048,576 and reported as 30.5 Gigabytes There has been a push to redefine 2^10, 2^20, and 2^30 bytes as Kibibytes, Mibibytes, and Gibibytes to help cut down on confusing but JEDEC(memory standard setter) refers to 2^10, 2^20, and 2^30 as a KB, MB, and GB rather than KiB, MiB, and GiB so there is a lot of mismatching of terms and Marketing will always choose the number that makes it look bigger."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
please ELI5 what the sound is when i put a cup near my ear
|
[
"[Source](_URL_0_) The cup (or shell) amplifies the ambient noise, which is the thing you hear. Many people believe it's an echo of your blood, this can easily be disproved. Try to exercise and put the cup to the ear. The noise is no louder, even if you hearth is beating faster."
] |
[
"I want to know that too. Maybe i can add a question to that ELI5 topic: Why do i see lightning like things when closing my eyes and pushing/rolling them with my finger?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do you often feel to hot/cold when you want to sleep?
|
[
"Your body temperature decreases to initiate sleep. The recommended temperature for a good night’s sleep is 60 to 67 degrees. That’s a lot lower than what I think most houses are at right now. So if your house feels too warm and you’re noticing it when you lay down for bed that’s probably why. I know the first sign every year for me to break out my a/c is when I lay down at night even though it was most likely hotter during the day"
] |
[
"I have had the same happen to me but after a day at the beach, when i go to bed i can still \"feel\" the waves moving me around. Any one else?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
Is it possible to make an app that is a scale for an iPhone? Since we have pressure sensitive touch, is there a reason we can’t have it measure just how much pressure for small items?
|
[
"It is entirely possible and definitely a thing, such apps and sites did pop up when 3D touch became a thing with the iPhone 6 release, but IIRC Apple labeled the use of the phones in this way a liability and these apps were removed from the app store, but some websites are still around such as TouchScale."
] |
[
"Different types of touch screens. Cell phones use capacitive which for the most part rely on the absolute position of your finger, somewhat difficult to ELI5 how these work. The 3/DS and WiiU Gamepad use resistive. Resistive touch screens are basically 2 sheets of plastic with a little air in between. As you use these devices, you very slightly stretch the sheets out, so they may need to be recallibrated to make up for this."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
when is space where there is nothing but emptiness, what do rocket engines thrust against that make them move forward?
|
[
"The rocket engines push against the exhaust that is being expelled. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It's exactly the same as if you were wearing ice skates (standing on ice, obviously) and holding a bowling ball. If you throw the ball forward, you'll slide backwards. This is not because the bowling ball is pushing against the air. It's because when you push the bowling ball forward, you're also pushing yourself backward. With a rocket, the exhaust from the engines is the bowling ball."
] |
[
"Because the fly is flying through air and the air that the fly is flying through moves with the elevator."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does the law allow companies to purchase or merge with other companies? Why aren't all purchases/mergers viewed as a consolidation within an industry and a step closer to monopolization?
|
[
"Having a monopoly is not inherently bad or illegal. What is illegal is using your control over a market to stifle competition. That's when the government steps in and companies are broken up."
] |
[
"There's nothing illegal about a company having their fingers in many different things, so to speak. Companies are allowed to do business in whatever marketplace they see fit, and as long as there is no monopolization it's not something the government would generally have a problem with. Anti-trust laws are in place primarily to stop different companies in the same marketplace from colluding to prevent proper competition through price fixing or some other type of conspiracy to work together at the detriment of consumers. Amazon is not doing any of those things."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why doesn't the United States FDA create a daily multivitamin they approve of?
|
[
"Vitamins are not food and they are not drugs. They cannot regulate them because currently they do not have the authority to do so. They (or some other part of the government, I am not sure) would have to reclassify all vitamins to make them a drug and therefore able to be regulated. Edit: Also the FDA does not make any drugs, they regulate the companies that makes drugs. I am not sure how the FDA changing the classification of vitamins would magically make them more beneficial."
] |
[
"Part of the confusion you are experiencing can be cleared up by two pieces of information: 1. If you'll pay close attention to the commercials, they never call their products a \"drug\". Drugs are regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration. If you aren't claiming that you are marketing a drug, then you aren't subject to those regulations of safety testing, efficacy claims, side effect monitoring, etc. 2. Mostly, they are marketed as \"dietary supplements\" or \"herbal supplements\". Dietary supplements are regulated as \"food\" and comes under far less scrutiny, and herbal supplements aren't regulated at all. Almost any claim can be made."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about pharmacology:"
}
|
Why is Quebec still French speaking?
|
[
"> why is it the only French speaking region of Canada? It's not. It's only the only province where French speaking people are a majority. > How come since Quebec was British owned and subsequently part of an independant Canada, English was not able to replace French? To avoid uprisings, the British accepted that it would keep its laws, language and religion thinking they would eventually assimilate. People decided they wouldn't and made efforts to preserve those. To this day, Quebec still works on a different legal system than the other provinces. > Is French still realy the dominant language of Quebec? Yes. > Do most people speak it there? Yes > What are the languages though in school/shown on tv/ radio etc.? School teaches some English but not enough to qualify as bilingual. Media produced in Quebec are in French."
] |
[
"The answer depends on whether you're British or American."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about History:",
"pos": "Represent the document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:"
}
|
Why does rain make people tired?
|
[
"It's probably a combination of reasons. Humans like to be awake all day and sleep all night. And we take our cues from the sun. If it's raining it's darker, so our bodies think, hey almost time for bed! Let's get sleepy! The other reason is ( I'm not to sure about this one so other redditors feel free to debunk me! ): When we're in our mommy's belly we're constantly surrounded by the sound of her body, her digestive system gurgling but mostly the sound of her blood circulating. Which is a constant rushing sound. Rain kinda sounds like that, just like a rolling car, or vacuum cleaner. This makes us feel safe and comfortable. And again sleepy. Fun facts about this: If you drive a long way and don't have any distracting sounds like a radio the sound of your car can cause 'highway hypnosis' causing you to relax and fall asleep behind the wheel. Babies, when they're tired fall alseep very easily in the car or when a vacuum cleaner is running. Because it reminds them of being inside mommy's belly."
] |
[
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why does smoking preserve food?
|
[
"Smoking by itself is actually insufficient to properly preserve foods. Smoke is an antimicrobial and an antioxidant but only protects the outside of food, so it is usually combined with other processes like salt-curing and drying which protect the interior of food from bacterial growth."
] |
[
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Why when you stare at a moving pattern for an extended period of time and then look up, why everything's wavy.
|
[
"This is due to how the movement is processed in the brain. Very basically, there are certain neurons that are firing in response to the moving pattern. The moving pattern is constant, so they are firing continuously. When you look away those same cells continue to fire because they've been doing so for however long you were looking at it. Your brain knows that the moving pattern is no longer in focus, but it still takes a bit to inhibit the neurons and stop them from firing. It's why optical illusions [like this one](_URL_1_) work."
] |
[
"I believe the alcohol affect your the area of you brain responsible for vision which affects your eyes ability to properly focus. While you might be trying to look at something near to you, your eyes may be focusing on something far away and vice-versa. It has happened to me on a few occasions. I'll be looking at something, and the view slowly separates. But it's not permanent and the second I realize whats happening I re-focus. If you want to know what it's like hold your hand in front of your face. Look at your hand, then look at something farther away, you should then see two hands. That's the same effect as double vision when you're drunk."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
Why are Saturday morning cartoons idealized? What’s so different about them as opposed to other days’ cartoons?
|
[
"Way back when there weren't multiple channels whose only purpose was cartoons. There was a MARKET for cartoons, but not a huge market. What day and time are kids most likely to be available year-round to watch things marketed towards them? Saturday mornings. During the week they're in school. Sundays, might have church. Later in the day Saturday, might have family activities. Parents might even try to sneak in a little sleep by sleeping until 8 or 9, and kids might be able to get up early and watch cartoons."
] |
[
"The globetrotters appealed to kids with all the antics that would happen during their performances. The live act is a family friendly gig that would appeal to all ages. That was a great recipe for a cartoon show in the 70’s since those appealed to kids as well. Back in those days, it was common for cartoon characters who were produced by one studio to cross over from time to time as promotional material."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What is CERN and what real problems can it cause?
|
[
"CERN is basically trying to find out the origins of our universe and how everything works by using a very large particle accelerator to accelerate particles to 99.99991% the speed of light and have them collide with one another. When these particles collide they break apart and that is when we can see what holds particles together and how things work. Only problem is that there is years of data to go through and experimentally proving everything will take a long time. There is no real threat from this, what you see online is just that, \"conspiracy theories.\" People believing that smashing particles will create a black hole and destroy the world."
] |
[
"Unexpected results come from blue skies research. The first people to experiment with electricity would never have predicted the modern world from their initial work. Technology and results from accelerators have allowed us to develop technologies which are helping people around the world. MRI is only feasible thanks to electromagnetic developments from accelerators. [See this link for more](_URL_0_) Plus we are pushing the limits of human knowledge and unwrapping the secrets of the universe. Do we really need to justify that?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
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