query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why is it so hard to get over things? Like breakups? | [
"Imagine your life is a house and your memories are the bricks. You've spent months building this house by hand, brick-by-brick, only to find that it isn't structurally sound in the end. You only have one plot of land and you need shelter to survive. Your only two choices are to dismantle the house brick-by-brick (... | [
"Life is hard for some people. Really all people. More research necessary."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The major hardware components of a computer | [
"Check out /r/buildapc for some help. In addition, [logicalincrements](_URL_0_) is an easy way to build a system for your budget with an idea of the kind of performance you might get out of it. You can build a \"decent\" system for $500-$600. What you need at the very least (assuming you are building from scratch):... | [
"Because unlike almost every other IT device, they actually use physical mechanics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are the Olympics held every four years? | [
"The Olympics are held at all because it was the biggest athletic event in one of the real cradles of western civilization, Greece, for about a thousand years. They're every four years because that's the frequency Greece had them. Both the relative spirit and the frequency of the games were pretty much kept the sam... | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Are dogs having 'fun' when they play? Or is something else else happening? | [
"Humans have a huge capacity to anthropomorphise, so it's very easy for us to ascribe human feelings and characteristics to, well, anything, but especially an animal *we* love. Dogs probably don't have \"fun\" and feel emotions in the same way we do, but they do clearly exhibit playfulness, and enjoyment. Even if ... | [
"Humans tend to anthropomorphize their pets, and attribute human like emotions to their actions. That makes it easier to forget that they are animals and experience the world very differently than humans. What appears to be \"joy\" could be, and often is, something very different. In the case of fetch, dogs have a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Is it legal and/or possible for the British Monarch to be voted Prime Minister also? | [
"We don't vote for Prime Ministers so it can not be done according to our unwritten constitution. We vote for an MP who represents us locally, these MPs back their party leader, the leader with the most backers will likely form government unless Parliament is hung, I can go further on this if you are interested. ... | [
"The US is probably more of an exception here. Most countries allow any adult citizen to be elected to any office."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
When a satellite is sent to orbit a foreign moon or planet, how is the information sent back to earth? | [
"By radio. The LADEE mission that just launched is testing laser communications. NASA maintains the [Deep Space Communications Network ](_URL_0_) which is a set of large dishs in several places around the world to pick up those signals, and to transmit new commands to the probes. It takes at least three sites space... | [
"Radio and other electro magnetic waves can travel pretty much forever in space. We can see stars that are billions of light years away for example. There is the problem of getting the signal to to escape the interference of Earth's magnetic field, but we have the technology to do that for decades, the first radio ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science and Technology:"
} |
why hasn't Google fibre just expanded across the U.S. | [
"Google doesn't want to be an ISP. They are showing people what a good ISP can do, so that they will demand that their ISPs (Comcast and what have you) do better. Google's trying to shock the market into changing."
] | [
"Mostly because CA hasn't figured out how to get money out of you when you gamble online."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do Chinese people type? | [
"Well.. There are multiple ways.. 1. You can type it out in pinyin.. So Hello (你好）the pinyin is ni'hao, so pretty straight forward... This is the one that I use.. Or for Taiwanese people, they could use zhuying.. 2. There is also type by strokes, where each key on the keyboard represents a stroke and you just piece... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is our first instinct to scream when we get scared? | [
"Humans are social animals. Before we developed farming and settled down, we lived in tribes and hunted in packs. The traits that go with that haven't evolved away. One of those traits is: you're part of a tribe. There should always be some kind of help nearby. If you're in any kind of danger, scream as loud as you... | [
"What's that scared feeling called, when you don't even know what you scared about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What exactly do artist do in video game design with the programmers to make the game complete? | [
"Artists provide the 3d renders and models that respond to the programmed code. A programmer writes a code \"if W is pressed: model A does X action\" the artists create the model and animate the action that occurs; as well as they create the landscape that the model walks on."
] | [
"Licenses for the engines and other assets. Many designers, artists, modelers, riggers, testers, etc. A building for everyone to work in. And increasing demand for more features, better graphics, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Video game design:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Video game design:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do software-based translators (like Google Translate) work? As in, how do they "think" about the sentence and go about translating it? | [
"There's an entire area of computer science dedicated to the R & D of this called Natural Language Processing. I don't know too much about it yet, but it's a field I'm interested in working in at some point in the future. What I can tell you (which, please, should be taken with a grain of salt) is that languages ca... | [
"Quite simply, it's a way of trying to understand a language by analyzing it statistically. It's especially relevant to artificial intelligence, especially things like automated translations. Computers don't understand language; in fact, the only thing they can really do is crunch numbers. So to translate from one ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If professional wrestling organizations like the WWE fake their matches, how does a wrestler win the tournaments and championships they hold? Is it predetermined and planned? | [
"Everything is predetermined and planned. Professional wrestling is a high-action soap opera with a lot of stunts."
] | [
"It is true that in the US, boxing used to be as popular as the NFL or MLB. The problem with boxing is that people liked the sport, but they didn't like the process. Baseball has a very set process of determining the championship. Every team follows the same process and has the same shot to win it all. Win a pennan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I was browsing a certain famous redditors new account, and his Karma is over 5000 (comment). All comments are in the negative, how can he have positive comment Karma? | [
"I'm with yah dude. This karma thing is beyond me. I mean I post such good comments and I'm karmaless."
] | [
"Reddit has vhanged vote fuzzing. This is why were seeing posts with 9000 upvotes rather than 5000. This means that old posts stay up longer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How come eggs are not served with chicken and vice versa? | [
"There's a very popular dish in Japan called \"Parent & Child\" (Oyako) which has chicken and eggs, chicken and egg breakfast burritos, chicken and egg breakfast sandwiches at Chic-Fil-A..."
] | [
"Generally to companies that need egg yolks - makers of custard, for example. the same way that when you buy chicken wings, they don't bin the rest of the chicken."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How was money first introduced? | [
"The \"how\" is pretty simple: Bill is a roofer; Ted is a chicken farmer. One day, Ted's roof was broken. Bill offered to fix it, in exchange for two chickens. This is a *barter system,* goods and services were exchanged for each other; Ted stays warm, and Bill gets a few meals. A week later, Bill is hungry. But he... | [
"Gold is not the basis of the global economy and has not been for decades."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Gender Indentity/Transgender/Transexual | [
"Hope you don't mind if I just re-post what I wrote [last week](_URL_1_) about this. > [This picture](_URL_0_) has been going around a lot lately - I think it's a pretty good summary. And I wouldn't be worried if you feel sort of uncomfortable with the whole thing. Millions of years of human evolution are behind o... | [
"Relevant entertaining and informative youtube video Electrocution in Water: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does background noise help humans sleep faster/better | [
"The brain craves sensory input to process, so when it''s completely quiet your brain starts straining to find information to process - either through your imagination or through the smallest little sounds it can pick up. White noise allows the brain to focus on something without actually generating much stimulatio... | [
"We don't need to close our eyes when we sleep, it just helps block out distractions, which in turn helps us fall asleep faster."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Does weightlifting actually stunt growth, or is that just a myth? If it does, then how? | [
"\"The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends strength training for kids ages 8 and older as a safe and effective means of both injury reduction and performance enhancement. \" _URL_0_"
] | [
"You build muscle and stimulate fat loss with exercise and burning calories. You can still lose weight by eating less, but if you also exercise you lower your risk for a lot of diseases related to your heart. Just my best guess honestly, I am not an expert on this at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If all commonly-used-and-abused drugs were suddenly legal, affordable and readily-available for purchase, what would actually happen? | [
"The biggest effects would be a reduction in the violence associated with the currently illegal drug trade, higher prosperity due to reduction in non-violent criminals in prison working productively, increased tax revenue from a controlled marketplace, a decrease in law enforcement and prison costs, and a decrease ... | [
"They are illegal because the government thinks society is full of idiots. Well, when many drugs were made illegal society was full of idiots. The harmful side effects and addiction were not understood by the common person. Idiots is a strong word. Ignorant to an infant science is excusable. Now days people know th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is it considered that "reverse racism" and "reverse sexism" don't exist? | [
"There are certain academic circles that define racism specifically as acts committed by the majority against a minority. Therefore, by definition, they claim a minority cannot be racist, since they're the minority. For sexism, there is a prevailing pattern of sexism against a specific sex (throughout history this ... | [
"It's a generalization based on race. Even if it's not intended to be malicious, it's still racism by definition. Saying Asians are smart is racist. Saying women are good at making sandwiches is sexist. It doesn't have to be an insult."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What does it mean to enrich an isotope, such as plutonIum or uranium? | [
"Isotopes are variants of chemical elements, with the difference being the number of neutrons in the atom's nucleus. Uranium has several isotopes, the most commonly found in nature (over 99%) is uranium-238, and the next most common isotope is uranium-235 (about 0.7% of uranium in nature). So a mixture of uranium w... | [
"Plutonium comes in many varieties plutonium-244 which is a rare element found in trace quantities in nature. Both plutonium-239 and plutonium-241 are fissile, meaning that they can sustain a nuclear chain reaction, Plutonium-240 exhibits a high rate of spontaneous fission.The presence of plutonium-240 limits a sa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does caffeine make me feel happy | [
"Caffeine strengthens the signals between some of the nerve cells in your brain. This can make you feel alert, awake, quick, energetic, or happy. It only works for a little while, and if you use it too often, your brain will adjust, reducing the effect."
] | [
"Coffee does nothing except keep you alert for a bit and in one place while you drink it. It actually will make your hang over worse, because caffeine is a dieretic as well as alcohol. Fun fact: if you feel as if you're going to vomit after a night of drinking, or feel full, you can drink a cup of water without ge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Vinegar; Who, What, Where, When, HOW!.... Do they make it? | [
"Vinegar is basically fermented drinking alcohol; a special type of bacteria converts the ethanol into acetic acid, i.e. vinegar."
] | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that sometimes we feel even worse after we stop exercising? | [
"Same reason spicy food is hottest after you stop eating. While doing both, your body is releasing a constant stream of endorphins that, among other things, suppress pain so that we can continue doing it. When we stop, the endorphin flow stops and the pain hits us."
] | [
"Is there something stressing you out that you can't stop thinking about? Alternatively, could be a sleep disorder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
How did time become standardized across the world? | [
"And for those that don't know. Sir Sandford Fleming was the man who conceived the idea of world wide time zones, and he went on to bring it to reality. He was awarded a scientific prize for his work on international time schemes. link to his biography. _URL_0_ He was also the Chief Engineer for the Canadian Paci... | [
"Can you clarify your question? You are asking about what happened across the entire planet during numerous spans of thousands of years. A lot of stuff happened."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How did those gba games with so much content made in less than an MB size? | [
"You can put a lot of stuff into 2-3MB of space. Each byte can represent a number between 0 and 127, and you've got 2-3 millions of them. What makes modern games take up so much space are mostly the images used for the graphics. But the GBA didn't have very detailed graphics - there were only few images, and they ... | [
"Because one is an AAA game with lots of unique full motion video (which your computer couldn't render on it's own) and the other is made by an almost-indie company with hordes of repeatable low-poly models that all use the same hundred textures. It really doesn't take much CPU or hard disk space to render a giant ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there big felines (lions) and no big canines? | [
"A mastiff is a huge dog and early on they were bred to fight and kill large cats."
] | [
"Because the naming of different species and their young are arbitrary. When people named lion and tiger babies, they called them cubs, along with the young of bears, wolves, and other large predatory animals, to differentiate them from the young of domesticated animals, like dogs and cats."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does salt go with "everything"? | [
"I mean, not a direct answer, but unlike most other spices, salt is something we explicitly need to survive. It makes good sense that we like its flavor with most every food."
] | [
"Salt & Pepper season our food. They make it taste better. Spices & Herbs flavor our food. They make it taste different. Season everything. source: Chef."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do universities seek for class averages to be 'B', and not 'A+'? | [
"If everyone has an A, no one has an A. Grades of A are reserved for those who do above average work."
] | [
"A = 90-100% B = 80-89% C = 70-79% D = 60-69% F = 0-59% Generally, C and above is considered passing with C being seen as \"average\", B as \"above average\" and A as \"excellent\". D, being rated as \"below-average\" is sometimes given a pass, I think that depends on the school though. So on a 10 question quiz, yo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do great QB's like Geno Smith, Christian Ponder and Vince Young play bad in the NFL even though they were the best in college? | [
"College football players are the top 1% of high schoolers, and NFL is the top 1% of college players. Most college teams will only have a couple players (if any) who may make it in the NFL, so truly good superstars can usually run roughshod over the competition in HS/college. Once they get to the NFL however, every... | [
"He hasn't played a professional game in two years. When he did play he has a sub 50% completion percentage, along with a host of other awful stats. He was the starter for 2/3rds of the 2011 Denver Broncos season and did terrible. In what way has he \"proven himself\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do boys draw penis' all the time? | [
"This is not really a gendered thing. Some people find drawing rude or crass images to be entertaining and funny, and penises are generally considered rude and crass. The gender demographic of this will vary by region/location and the person that comes to mind of drawing a dick on everything to me is actually a wom... | [
"The best things come in pairs, breasts, testicles, sandwiches, butt cheeks, you get the gist."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What actually goes on in your body when you grow taller? | [
"In short you have [growth hormone](_URL_0_) that is anabolic (growing up)it stimulates growth as per its name, it affects your whole body basically except the brain. Other factors come into play when deciding your height, bones growth is mediated by a number of chemicals but estrogen is one of the most important.... | [
"Your brain is telling your body to make room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did the entire world settle on a universal system of time (minutes, hours, days, etc)? | [
"Actually, during the French revolution, [an alternative was proposed.](_URL_0_) Basically, 10 hour days, 100 minutes to an hour, 100 seconds to a minute, and metric seconds were slightly shorter than their imperial cousins. This presumably resulted in counting \"un Paris\" rather than the traditional \"un Mississi... | [
"Mixed radix number system is a system in which the \"base\" of each position in a quantity is different, hence mixed Simplest example is when we measure time. I.e. 1 year 2 months 3 weeks 4 days 5 hours and 6 minutes. The year has no base since it is the largest, month has base 12 (there is 12 months in a year), w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Where does my liver store my bile and how do my fats get broken down without a gallbladder? | [
"A large part of fat breakdown will probably come from your pancreas. Specifically, the enzyme lipase (which is present in smaller quantities in other parts of the digestive system) is released to metabolize fats. Without a gallbladder your liver will still manufacture bile, it just won't be stored anywhere in any... | [
"> How do our bodies separate solids from liquids during digestion? Everything is absorbed through the intestines into the bloodstream. The kidneys then filter liquids and wastes out of the blood and produce urine. There is no direct connection between the digestive system and the kidneys/bladder so there is no way... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Occam's Razor a thing? | [
"It's not \"the simplest answer is best\". It's \"the simplest *sufficient* answer is the best. \"Do not multiply entities beyond necessity\" is the idea. If it is necessary for the answer to be more complex in order to be complete, then that's fine. Just don't make it more complicate *than it needs to be*."
] | [
"Not really an explanation, but here's an interesting way to put it: Pre-modern: This is the truth. Modern: We can find the truth. Post-modern: There is no such thing as truth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does the US have a budget deficit if the GDP is well over the federal budget? | [
"Because the GDP is not credited to the federal government. the GDP is the product of the whole US economy. The federal government has much smaller sources of revenue, almost all of it taxes."
] | [
"Interest rates have been in a long term decline since 1980. The rate also goes down the shorter the duration of the bonds issued. I believe the average time to duration is 7 years. So it's less than you pay on a mortgage by far. This is how Japan has financed debt way over 200% of GDP. Our total debt is less than ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The Portuguese Man o' War | [
"Think of it this way, your body has all sorts of different types of cells to do different jobs, but they're all *you*. A Portuguese Man o'War only has 4 different types of cells that do all the jobs it needs to keep itself, and the species alive."
] | [
"Where do you mean? Europe? The US? Middle East? Africa? Eastern Asia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are those white stone looking things that come out of you mouth that smell horrible? | [
"Tonsil stones? Not everyone gets them. They are also called tonsilloliths. They are basically made out of bone material."
] | [
"It seems to come as a surprise to my dog, every time he farts the noise spooks him. Also do you go sit on the toilet or go outside every time you fart?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do things get red hot? | [
"Everything emits light. You probably know that people emit infrared radiation because you can see people easily with night-vision goggles. The hotter something is, the more light it emits and the higher the frequency of the light it emits. So people don't glow with visible light because they're too cold, but they ... | [
"It's not. It just looks that way from down here."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are corruption, poor governance and low standards of living more prominent in Sub-Saharan Africa than in any other region in the world? | [
"If you've got the time and the inclination, I'd recommend [Guns, Germs and Steel](_URL_0_) which, if you search, you'll find a lot of active discussions on it. \"The book attempts to explain why Eurasian civilizations (including North Africa) have survived and conquered others, while arguing against the idea that ... | [
"There is much greater adoption of public transportation in Europe than in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How have car antennas gotten smaller over the years while FM/AM radio quality has gotten better. | [
"Smaller antennas are not as good as the classic 1/4 wavelength whip with ground plane. FM radio is about 3 meters so a 3/4 meter or 30 inch antenna was traditional. Smaller ones use a coil of wire to help lengthen the antenna as far as the preamp is concerned. Radio receivers have gotten better over time. HD Radi... | [
"Well, whenever I want to listen to the radio on my phone I must plug in my earphones. The wire serves as the antenna. Maybe the reason it can't pick up TV broadcasts is similar. Television antennas tend to be bigger than those of personal radios so that might make it impractical."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How is OPEC any different from a massive corporation? | [
"I am very confused by this question. OPEC is a cartel composed of most of the big oil producers in the world. For years they had a stranglehold on much of the global economy because they accounted for a massive amount of global fuel production. What's happening right now is that they are keeping prices artificial... | [
"I think the word you are looking for is Price Fixing which is illegal in this country ( if you can find the evidence of) Its basically a modern time monopoly practice (Cartel) And yes its very true."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is The Onion magazine? | [
"The Onion is a humor and parody newspaper that makes fun of political, social and economic events in the world through parody and exaggeration."
] | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do Flu vaccine's have mercury? | [
"_URL_0_ Multi-use Flu vaccines contain thimerosal, which is mercury-based. However, the concentration is very low, and does not turn into mercury when your body processes it - it breaks down into Ethylmercury, which is harmless. The mercury you want to worry about is methylmercury, which thimerosal does *not* brea... | [
"* aluminum salts kick your immune system to make it respond to the vaccine more rapidly * Formaldehyde is used to kill bacteria and any viruses that may be attached to them * Thimerosal is a preservative so that vaccine vials with multiple doses don't grow bacteria. * Egg proteins are found in flu shots which use ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it only now that Pirate Bay's HQ was raided and the website shut down when it was clear years ago where they were operating/what they were doing was illegal? | [
"Pirate bay has never actually had any illegal content on there servers. They only have had links to the content. This a various other loop holes have kept them clean."
] | [
"It's difficult to shut down torrent hosting sites because they don't technically host any pirated content. EZTV doesn't even host any torrent files, it only links to other sites that do host torrent files, which is one more degree of separation between them and the actual piracy. Of course, in many places, aiding... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Exactly where is the New Horizon now after passing by Pluto? | [
"It's just on the other side of Pluto. It's traveling at about 14.5 km/s, or about 32,500 miles per hour, which is really fast, but Pluto is about 3 billion miles away from Earth, so it's not going that fast relative to the distance it's already traveled. It won't ever come back to Earth. Its next stop is a few oth... | [
"Yes. You would be seeing an image 1 day old. Because it would take the light from the Earth 1 day to reach your telescope."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How I wake up 5-10 Mnutes before my alarm every morning. | [
"SIDE BAR: If you wake up 5-10 minutes before your alarm, do everything you can to get up at that moment. That's the easiest time for your body to wake up. If you try to snooz for 5 more minutes, waking up will be hell"
] | [
"Its the easiest way to get out of the kitchen for a 5 minute break."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can the tiny brain of a spider be clever enough to use tools? | [
"That's most likely an accident, not a deliberate strategy to suspend a rock in order to make a web. Spiders build webs by first anchoring major structural lines to something and then filling in non-sticky scaffolds that place the structural lines under pressure. What likely happened here is that the rock was on t... | [
"If you want to make a brain from scratch, you must first invent the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How a person with an accent sings without the accent. | [
"Folk music perspective: British folk singers open their mouths far and have less \"twang\" and more \"warble\", most American folk singers go the okie/appalachia route and sing with a more closed mouth and more twang. This is why Joan Baez sounds more british than Joni Mitchel, even though both are Americans."
] | [
"This is what is called Standard American English and it's designed to not have any kind of regional accent."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is part of Russian Federation north of Poland and south of Lithuania and two countries away from the rest of the country? | [
"Russia took it after the second word war. Simple as that. It was part of East Prussia, which was part of Germany. And the Potsdam Conference decided that Russia would take that area."
] | [
"The western boundary of Asia, in this area, is the Ural Mountains. Most of the major cities in Russia (including Moscow) are west of that, and therefore are part of Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
The first four words of the Second Amendment are "A well regulated Militia..." Regulated, to me, means controlled, as in background checks, etc. Am I missing something? | [
"> A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. The first half of that sentence is stating that a regulated militia (not a mob) is critical for national security. The second half states that individuals have the right... | [
"Define \"work\". Assuming the people would accept such a policy (unlikely), what is the goal? Reduce gun violence? It might do that, but would it reduce overall violence? That's much less certain. And a total ban is all but impossible; too many people use firearms for work or sporting use (to say nothing of the am... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do many modern sites force you to click through to read something bit by bit? | [
"Yes, it is an ad revenue thing. If they split things up, they have ten pages, ten clicks, and ten ads to display. If they put it all on one page, that is one click and one ad."
] | [
"Each time you open another page, advertisements load. Same reason why each of those 7 things will be on it's own webpage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Turing completeness? | [
"Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Turing completeness ](_URL_6_) 1. [ELI5: What does Turing Complete mean? ](_URL_5_) 1. [ELI5: Turing complete programming language ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5:What is Turing Complete and why is it so important to Digital Currencies (such as... | [
"Can you better explain what you are asking about? My google searching doesn't exactly explain what \"The Three Liars Paradox\" is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what causes rivers to suddenly be rapid in certain areas? | [
"Think of a river like a garden hose. The water flows smoothly and at a certain speed if the end is open. But putting a sprayer (or your thumb) over the end gives the same amount of water less area to get through, increasing its pressure, speed, and turbulence. That's what happens when rivers get suddenly shallower... | [
"Back into the ocean. After the tsunami event an earthquake are finished the sea level in that area will lower and the water will flow downhill into rivers and tributaries and out back towards the sea via the path of least resistance. Temporary lakes or trapped Waters will be evaporated and drained slowly through w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why, with the NFL being Number 1 in terms of revenue; are superstar players' contracts almost always trumped by that of MLB and the NBA? | [
"Because there are 45 guys on an NFL roster (plus practice squad). There are a lot fewer players in every other sport. So the money available for salaries is being divided by a variable number of players."
] | [
"Let me ask you this, what would you rather be done with the money? If the sport is making enormous sums of money, based on the efforts of the players, would you rather the money just go to the CEOs of the sports team? If you look at professional athlete's salary as a percentage of what the team makes, as oppose to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why shouldn't you top off a car's gas tank? | [
"Gas gives of a lot of fumes, which can cause pressure build up. If you \"top off\" a fuel tank, you're putting more fuel in than it was designed to safely hold. When the tank is too full, there's not enough air space between the top of the tank and the surface of the fuel to allow for expansion and venting of said... | [
"Because you don't get the calories all at once. And once you have the calories you don't use it all at once. It's like asking why your car doesn't go faster after you fill up the gas tank."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the reverse gear of a car sound completely different than all other gears? | [
"The forward gears have helical gears, while the reverse have straight cut gears. You can see the difference in this image: [Helical vs Straight](_URL_0_), the helical gears are on top, the straight gears are on the bottom. So why do they sound different? When the gears mesh, the straight cut gears do so over the w... | [
"Those force your car to stay in a low gear. There are some times when you are going up a hill or driving in snow when you want to force your car to stop shifting. Those extra selections tell your car not to shift out of those gears."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are cats scared of cucumbers? | [
"It's more the fact that the cat crouches down to eat, then the cucumber is placed behind them without their knowledge. When they turn around they're not expecting it and it shocks them. Another factor is that cats are very picky about where they eat. They just won't eat in an area they think is unsafe or contamin... | [
"What sounds worst? Plant-eating bacteria or flesh-eating bacteria?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does coca cola taste so much better in a glass bottle as opposed to plastic bottles and soda fountains? | [
"Glass is far less permeable than plastic, so glass bottles will have that fresher fizz, and cans probably impart some metallic/metal oxide flavour. Basically glass tastes best because it has the perfect fizz, and the least altered taste."
] | [
"Beer will go flat sooner in plastic bottles, as it is much more porous (microscopically) than glass. By the way, beer is commonly sold in plastic bottles in places like ball parks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
The benefits of buying a used car vs a new car | [
"Used cars are cheaper, but older. You can expect to have to put money into repairs at some point. New cars will have a warranty. They will last longer. A new car is likely to have better gas mileage. A new car will cost more per month in insurance. You'll save money in the long run buying used."
] | [
"It'll cost you upwards of $1000 a month. You might as well purchase a second hand one for ~5000$ and sell it or bring it back home when your six month period is completed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do tax loopholes exist? | [
"Exceptions in the tax code exists to favor/disfavor various forms of behavior. For example, the government wants to encourage home ownership, so it creates a 'loophole' where home owners get a tax deduction. They do the same for a host of other behaviors such as electric car ownership, college tuition, etc. In ter... | [
"To further confuse you, should you also include corporate welfare? Tax breaks for successful companies, subsidies to unsuccessful ones, etc, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do people make money off stocks and investments? | [
"I need money so you buy half my lemonade stand for $50. This is great because I can by more lemonade to make more profits, which we share. Eventually I have a lemonade empire, and you decide you're done with the deal so you find someone who wants half a lemonade empire, he agrees to pay $50 million for your half o... | [
"Two main ways: - They charge you fees and interest to do your banking and loan you money - They invest their own money, as well as their clients' money, in everything from stocks and bonds to foreign currencies and venture capital."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does starving not equal weight loss? | [
"Starving leads to [wasting](_URL_0_), also called \"acute malnutrition\". When you starve, your fat goes but your muscle goes along with it. To lose weight in a healthy way, you need to maintain your nutrition so that you lose adipose tissue but not muscle mass. So that might mean eating more than you do now, but ... | [
"They'd die from lack of nutrients long before they died of lack of calories, so the extreme weight makes little difference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How (or why) the U.S. government can pick what state laws it wants to allow and not? | [
"They aren't exactly disallowing or allowing laws. In the case of Colorado they simply decided not to sue, which is at the discretion of the AG, similar to how if there will be a criminal trial is usually at the discretion of the DA. Similarly the AG decided to sue Texas, and is arguing before a court that the law ... | [
"If there were such a requirement, it would effectively mean that the military or the government can restrict who can be elected president. That doesn't sound like a good idea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does the heart go faster as you're tired? | [
"1. Our body runs on oxygen (amongst others) to function. 2. As oxygen is used up, it would need to be replenished. 3. This is done by oxygen being transported in blood. 4. Our heart pumps blood (and ofc oxygen) to all parts - muscles, surrounding organs etc 5. The faster the heart pumps (and also breathing increas... | [
"Your blood pressure increases in your head when you're horizontal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How can we only survive as omnivores, while other animals can survive only as carnivores/herbivores | [
"Lots of humans survive as vegetarians. Some such as the Maasai, traditionally lived as almost total carnivores. We don't have to have such a diet at all. We have options."
] | [
"dogs are omnivores, with a preference and optimization for meat. they can eat just about anything and gain nutritional value from it. cats are carnivores. they can't survive on a carbohydrate based diet"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If the sun is made of gas then how is it dense enough to be the center of our solar system? Or do i have it wrong? | [
"It is very, very big. So even if though the hydrogen and helium are very light elements, there are just so much of them. Just like a tonne of feathers and a tonne of bricks weigh the same. Edit: s/way/weigh. sigh. Thansk _Born_To_Be_Mild"
] | [
"Explained like you're 5: A black hole is a big ball of stuff in space. Gravity (the thing that makes you stay on the ground and not fly) gets stronger with more stuff. If you lived on Jupiter, you wouldn't be able to jump as high as here on earth because its bigger. but on the moon you can jump a lot higher becaus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The role of a network switch | [
"> will everything I connect to the switch from there, get at unique IP from the routers DCHP and work like a charm, or what? Yes. A switch is what you want if you want to expand the number of computer you can hook up under the same router. The router will still be in control of the network and give out IP addresse... | [
"One is a client and one is an operating system"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is animated child pornography (i.e. lolita hentai) illegal in many western countries? | [
"Legislation for that kind of thing is easy to push and hard to argue against, nor do the most common voting demographics care or like such things. For up and coming politicians, it's a way to build reputation, as it's difficult to oppose without appearing like you support child pornography, regardless of what your... | [
"I imagine that you are talking about Japanese porn? Since this is the only ones that my friend told me about that are censored. In the case of that type it has to do with the culture. It is allowed to make porn there that shows certain sex acts so everything is blurred out. This is the reason why tentacle porn was... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Calls to replace Andrew Jackson on the $20 bill | [
"Well there was that whole ordeal with basically uprooting an entire race of people and forcing them to march into a new area of land. Other than that he was pretty swell"
] | [
"\"The decision to overshadow Mr. Hamilton [The Treasury Department's [...] own founder], the first treasury secretary and a chief architect of the nation's financial system, is part of a scheduled redesign of the $10 bill. The Legal Tender Act of 1862 gives the Treasury Department broad powers to design U.S. Curre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the ISIL flag purposefully designed that the white ring in the center isn't perfectly circular? Perfect replications of the flag exist that all contain the same deformities. | [
"Did you not notice that the text also looks like it was drawn with crayon? The original design was obviously hand-drawn and then some terrorist went down to Kinkos and had it xeroxed."
] | [
"Using a 8x8 grid like a chessboard (but all white), draw an 'O' with a black pen by colouring in squares. It doesn't look smooth. From a distance it looks blocky. Now colour in all the squares touching the black squares gray. From the same distance it looks less blocky and more smooth, even though you still used ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What can explain the rise of the Dow Jones index since Donald Trump got elected. | [
"The economy was improving before the election. And it's still improving. Presidents get credit for economic things that they didn't do. Presidents get blame for economic things that are not their fault. It's how the job works. Economics depends on many things, and who's president is only a tiny factor."
] | [
"For a little while, the Vice President was the runner-up from the Presidential race. That turned out not to work so well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that when microwaving something that dried up, like hotdog buns that have been in the fridge or a cookie that's a day old, seem to make it soft and damp again? | [
"It has to do with the starches. They occur naturally in crystalline structure. When the starche in flour is mixed with water and the other ingredients and is then baked, the structure is broken down so the bread is nice and soft. As bread ages, those starches begin to re-crystallize. It will even happen in an airt... | [
"I worked in a bread bakery for 6+ years and have no idea what you're talking about. Our bread would be baked from approx. midnight until 8 am or so and a loaf that came out at 2 in the morning would still be tasty at 6pm. I've never seen a loaf get \"rock hard\"; if anything they tend to get softer at first. We do... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Food Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Food Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
.999 repeating is equal to 1? | [
"It might not be the easiest to ELI5, but if you know basic algebra it makes it a lot easier. Using digit manipulation, you can prove it. Let's say x represents 0.999... x = 0.99999... 10x = 9.99999... 10x - x = 9 9x = 9 x = 1"
] | [
"No, 11 < < 6353 . It's not like the radius of the Earth were 6,353m. That would be les than 11,000m (=11km)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do electrons come from the negative side/terminal of the battery? | [
"People that made up the convention of labeling one side negative and the other positive did it thinking positive current flows from positive to negative. Later we realized that (in a typical electrical circuit) it's actually negative current flowing the other way. We didn't know that it was electrons moving and no... | [
"Currents flow in one direction. In flashlights, batteries are stacked behind each other so that the current goes in a straight line. In other cases where batteries are parallel, the line must connect from the top of one battery to the bottom of another. For that to happen *efficiently* and without complication, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do successful celebrities attract so much bad press and remain successful? | [
"Well, the saying goes \"there's no such thing as bad press\". If you didn't believe it before, take Donald Trump who has made an entire career out of it. The crazier he sounds the more people talk about him. All of these things are more or less expected of celebrities. It doesn't affect their personal brand, beca... | [
"There are two reasons I can identify: The first is that high-profile individuals have unusual wealth and influence. Marrying a famous person is a quick path to money and the high life, so many of the famous peoples' spouses don't really match up with them, resulting in incompatible marriages. The second reason is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do eco cycles take longer? | [
"Nowadays the most expensive (energy wise) thing at washing is the heating of the water. Not the engine that turns the wash drum. The dish washer or washing machines need more time because the less hot water needs more time to do the same job like the really hot water. No native speaker, I hope my answer is underst... | [
"What two types are you talking about? There are many ways to classify solar panels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is the debate around The repeal of Glass-Steagall | [
"If the banks can use your money instead of their own, they are more likely to invest much more risky. The debate is banks don't want to use their own money to make risky investments. Therefore, if they use your money to make risky investments that go bad, the government must bail them out to prevent a collapse."
] | [
"Monopoly or Oligopoly and Cartel behaviors along with a broken copyright system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why does salt sting in cuts? | [
"Salt is a powerful dehydrating agent. It sucks water out of cells, including nerve cells. This causes the nerve cells to complain. While human cells do contain sodium chloride, this is nothing in comparison to the concentration of dry [salt](_URL_0_). Alternate explanation: The way your pain receptors work involve... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do teachers always talk about how little money they make? | [
"Most of teacher have made quite long studies (at least bachelor, but mostly master degree) Comparing to people with same level degree working in industry they make quite little money and they find it not fair. In Our capitalistic word, the amount of money you have/make is often seen as a way to mesure your importa... | [
"Quality teachers are rare, considering the terrible pay. When you get good ones you need to lock them down. Sometimes even mediocre ones will do considering the things teachers have to put up with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does a fly survive when my giant human sized hand smacks it mid-flight? | [
"Here's a fun image response: [\"I was taking some macro photos when I smacked away a horse fly that bit me. When I took a closer look I realized I caved in half his face\"](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"They're attracted by the moisture and salt on your skin. The reason they keep coming is because flies arent aware you exist. You like a million times bigger than they are. The reason they keep hitting into you even after you swat at them is they have very poor memory. You ever seen a fly come inside through an ope... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Entomology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Entomology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Scientology- I've tried researching about it but I just can't get my head around it. I think I'm gonna need an ELI5. | [
"Watch the Trapped In The Closet episode of South Park. Season 9, Episode 12. I think that is basically the general idea."
] | [
"I can say that if it wasn't for ELI5, I'd be lost about some things. It's smartened me up enough that I might be able to graduate to ELI10. If it existed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does it hurt when water goes up your nose? | [
"So you don't die. Water doesn't go there, and when it does, you can be at risk of drowning. Having a severe reaction to even a little water up your nose it a good way to keep you out of trouble."
] | [
"Because the same air is coming out of your lungs and back out of your nose. Like asking why you taste food when throwing up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health:"
} |
. Why does some media from the 60's and 70's look horribly grainy and other media crystal clear? | [
"Your blu-ray was probably a remastered version. The original physical film that the movie was recorded on is extremely high resolution so if they make the blu-ray from that, it's high quality. An older copy of the movie is low quality because you're watching it from a VHS tape, which is both low res and can degrad... | [
"We've become very accustomed to fuzzy, low FPS films. They feel more dreamlike, and they're what you're used to. Lower resolution and lower fps hides imperfections in makeup, props, and backgrounds Low budget film and soap operas are generally shot on digital video, not film, so they are a bit sharper and usually ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What causes the cool sensation in mint? | [
"Among the nerve receptors on your tongue (and skin) are receptors for cold. Mint has a molecular structure that allows it to \"plug into\" the surface of the cold receptors on your tongue, activating them. This causes you to feel a sensation of cold."
] | [
"Blood is rushed to those areas for repair thus causing the feeling of more heat in a specific piece of your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
how gay people recognize other gay people | [
"Think about how you flirt with a woman: you might chat with them in an animated, friendly way, smiling more than usual, and maybe lean a little into her personal space. Basically, what you're doing is being very, very ambiguous, and gauging the response. If the response is positive, you try again, this time making... | [
"my 5 year old doesnt need to know what sex feels like"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How is Rob Ford still in office ? | [
"Canada (maybe just Ontario not sure about other provinces) has no way to remove mayors from office unless he gets himself a criminal record. What they can do is limit what actual authority he has which they have already done. Toronto city council has voted to both remove Mayor Rob Ford's authority during emergency... | [
"Is it me, or has this never happened to anyone else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
In the US, people pay insurance companies each month and then when they incur healthcare costs, the insurance companies cover the costs for them. Where does the huge US government spending on healthcare come into it? | [
"The government has several programs that provide healthcare. A big one is medicare. You'll get that when you turn 65 (and when you're 65 you'll likely be going to the doctor a lot more than you probably are today). Medicaid is another one. That's an insurance program for poor people. Another one is CHIP which i... | [
"Like the United States, Japanese citizens are required by law to have health insurance. For those that don't have insurance through an employer they can be covered by the national insurance plan. Unlike the United States their hospitals are nonprofit by law. It's my understanding that you are responsible for up to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can we hold onto objects if atoms are "never touching"? | [
"like you said, a force is applied. if you hold an object in your hand, the electrons of your skin repel the electrons on the surface of the object with enough force to counteract gravity."
] | [
"Energy isn't made of anything. It's a property of matter. It's like asking 'what is tall made of?'"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is pear in most juices or fruit snacks. | [
"It's sweet but doesn't have a very strong flavour of its own, so it's essentially being used as a natural sweetening agent"
] | [
"Does it actually say anywhere on the label it's a juice or is it a \"punch\" or \"drink\"? Juices generally only get labelled as juice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is happening when you see the air ripple on a hot day? | [
"Light travels at different speeds through different mediums, and as the density of the mediums vary. The air is being heated at different rates between you and the horizon creating different air densities, like ripples on the surface of a river. Light from the horizon refracts as is passes through the different bo... | [
"Heat coming from the asphalt distorts your vision. Same concept as desert mirages."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is evolution a theory but gravity is a law? | [
"A scientific law is a direct, observable relationship of physical characteristics: Current equals voltage divided by resistance, the force of attraction between a two masses is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, etc. Usually they can be expressed mathematically: I=V/r, for example. ... | [
"No need to an ELI5 because there is no answer to this question. Science has plenty of hypothesis, but there is no answer yet. One of the great remaining mysteries in medicine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How silencers on guns work. | [
"Did you try to kill yourself during the reddit blackout?"
] | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about gun silencing:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about gun silencing:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does foaming soap work? | [
"It's not regular liquid soap, it's actually a much thinner solution with a water-like consistency. It comes out of the container as usual, but is passed through a hand pump that is specially designed to mix a lot of air with a small amount of fluid. This results in the voluminous foamy stuff that comes out of the ... | [
"Water, fibre, and other things that humans don't digest into energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How can every radio station in a city claim to he the #1 station? | [
"They are just very selective in what they are number 1 in. Number 1 in rock, number 1 in pop, etc."
] | [
"While most stations refer to themselves by their station identifier, for example KSLX or KFYI, KISS is just a brand name and does not directly relate to the station call letters like most stations do. It started back in LA with a station with the call letters KIIS. The station, and others like it, had such a stron... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
With millions of miles of vulnerable infrastructure (rail line, power grid, oil pipeline, drinking water distribution) why/how haven't Al-Qaeda or their franchise affiliates devastated America with a 'death of a thousand cuts'? | [
"Our infrastructure breaks all the time, because it kinda sucks. We know how to deal with that pretty well."
] | [
"pro - you won't have to fill up the tank for a long time, low pollution. con - every wreck is a potential nuclear/radiological accident, fuel availability, disposal, easy availability of nuclear material to 'bad guys'"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can girls keep going after they have an orgasm, but guys can't? | [
"Successful reproduction relies on the male ejaculating sperm into the female. If sex stopped once the female was finished it would be extremely counter intuitive. Sex goes until the end goal is reached, ejaculation. Natural selection would select for females that continued to have sex after their own orgasm, if th... | [
"My orgasms do get weaker if I have then frequently. If I go without for a while the next one is stronger."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
British Nobility : What are the different titles, what is their meaning and which are more/less important | [
"Baron is the lowest rank in the British Peerage; a baron holds a barony. An Earl (who holds an Earldom) is a higher rank than Baron. It's the equivalent of Count in many other systems of Peerage. A Duke (Duchy) is the highest title of the British Peerage, second only to the monarch. There's also a few Viscounts, w... | [
"To be a Prince or Princess you must be the child of a Monarch. Being the Consort (wife) of a Prince is not enough. They are Duchesses because the are the wives of Dukes (who happen to also be Princes). Duke/Duchess is the highest rank of Nobility that is non-Royal in the British Peerage system, though members of t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about History:",
"pos": "Represent the post about History:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How come domesticated animals such as goats need to have their hooves trimmed to prevent injury? How do wild animals solve that problem? | [
"i think most wild animals that have this done tend to take care of it naturally by just walking around on harder surfaces. rocks and wot not with wear the hooves down. domesticated animals tend to be kept in a field full of soft grass."
] | [
"All nails grow all the times on all mammals. This is because the nails is constantly exposed to hard surfaces and gets worn down all the time. However if you do not use your nail on a daily basis the nails will grow to be long and need to be cut for comfort. This also applies to most animals. If you let the animal... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
} |
how does second hand smoking affect people? | [
"Smoking increases your risk of diseases like cancer. Second hand smoke is indirect smoking so it has the same health effects. [CDC Website - Second Hand Smoke](_URL_2_) [American Cancer Society- Second Hand Smoke](_URL_3_) [National Cancer Institute- Second Hand Smoke](_URL_0_) [WebMD - Effects of Second Hand ... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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