query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why can I wake up when I want to? (No alarm) | [
"Over year after year of having experience with time. Your subconscious basically becomes a clock. You subconsciously are keeping track of time. You know when you need to do this or that even when you are sleep. It's natural for everyone to subconsciously have some track of time even when not thinking about it. Ho... | [
"Do you mean...*why does getting ready to sleep feel good when we're tired?*"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Biology:"
} |
How did the word "father" get shortened to "dad"? | [
"> How did the word \"father\" get shortened to \"dad\"? It didn't. \"Dad\" is not a shortening of \"father\". It's a completely separate word that appears to have been adapted from the initial sounds made by young children learning to talk. They find it easy to make repetitive consonant-vowel pairs like \"da da da... | [
"In Britain an old nickname for a penis was \"whistle\". A common phrase was \"how about you blow my whistle\" as asking for a \"blow job\". Over the last two centuries \"Blow job\" stuck around while naming your dick \"whistle\" didn't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does Lego get to use characters and IP from across many franchises that aren't owned by the same entities (i.e. DC & Marvel among many others)? | [
"They license these themes individually, and pay a hefty price for it. Doing so allows them to cross many mediums, even so, it may cause controversy. This is why most of the time these franchises do not cross over and are in stand alone games, though the LEGO Movie was an exception. But notice how you never see Iro... | [
"they sold the rights of some of their characters to other studios a long time ago. This was before they had any plans to make their own films. Fox bought the X-Men and Fantastic 4. Sony bought Spiderman. A few others were sold off as well. The money from doing this was what allowed them to make the first Iron Man ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are so many websites asking for $3 donations? | [
"They are making the point that since so many people use that particular website, that $3 from every user would cover the costs of maintaining the site for the upcoming year, hence why it's at the end of the year. It's typically cheaper to pay for hosting annually, rather than monthly."
] | [
"Someone is willing to pay $50,000 for it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does glass absorb UV radiation. Why can't quartz glass absorb UV radiation? | [
"Glass scientist here. Silica glass actually does allow 99%+ UV light to transmit down to about 160nm, which is well into the UV part of the spectrum. In order for it to do this though the glass has to be very, very pure. In most glass that you and I come across on a daily basis there is a large amount of impurity ... | [
"Photons pass through glass because they are not absorbed. And they are not absorbed because there is nothing which \"absorbs\" light in visual frequencies in glass. You may have heard that ultraviolet photons are absorbed by glass, so glass is not transparent for them. Exactly the same happens with X-rays for whic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Physics:"
} |
Why are companies responsible if they buy a company that did something bad in the past? | [
"Because they are buying the company not just the machines in the factory. Q. What is CocaCola? A. a cheap fizzy drink of which there are multiple copies. Q. What is the Coca cola company? If you said a bunch of places where they make and bottle the afore mentioned fizzy drink then you are only partially right. T... | [
"When a company goes bankrupt, or is bought by another company, the promises they made to you often are no longer valid or honored. This is one of the concerns that people have about Facebook. What happens when something better comes along and Facebook becomes the next MySpace?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why people say "Excuse my French" when they swear | [
"It's a play on its original meaning. Originally it was said as an actual apology for someone using a french word or expression (as they know most of the people wouldn't understand it). _URL_0_"
] | [
"Same reason we can say \"poop\" but not \"shit\", or \"sex\" but not \"fuck\". Certain words or phrases are considered vulgar. Others are not. Someone using a vulgarity has a different intent than someone who isn't. It isn't magic, its the choice of the words. If I say \"gosh darn it\" I am intending to be less ru... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Linguistics:"
} |
Why are human bones so strong, yet break so easily? | [
"Bone is stronger than common materials like wood, glass, and most plastics. But even things that are strong can break. You just have to put enough stress on them. Human bones are generally rather slender (think how long your arm bones are compared to how thick they are), so it's easy to put quite a lot of torque o... | [
"That is what they are adapted to do. It is like asking how fish can swim all the time or how whales can hold their breath for so long. The stress of being used for what they do isn't something difficult for nipples to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The universe is flat | [
"The concept of \"flat\" when referring to 3D space means that for example you cannot travel straight in one direction and end up back where you started from. Or maybe you measure a triangle between three points and the angles between the points add up to 180 degrees; if they didn't space isn't flat in that area. W... | [
"TL;DR: The Universe and everything in it is to spread out and cold to do anything particularly interesting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do certain first names become popular and less popular in certain time periods? | [
"A theory on names becoming less popular is that a name will be popularized by the higher class (think princess Diana) and then middle class people start naming their babies Diana, and soon the lower class starts naming their babies Diana. As this happens the name starts loosing popularity among higher class, then ... | [
"Names aren't universal with people at all. Different languages pronounce names differently, or have different \"versions\" of common names."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do pen caps have holes, but if you leave the cap off it dries out? | [
"It prevents children and lead-lickers from sucking the cap down their gob hole like a vaccuum ripping your last 1x2 LEGO brick off your bedroom floor. And if they do, the paramedics also don't need to use the now capless pen to trach the little blueberries."
] | [
"Many years ago, a friend of mine explained it like this: Imagine taking a garden hose, placing the open end against a hard, flat surface, and turning the hose on. No matter how hard you press the end of the hose down, water will leak/spray out. The gasket serves to seal the gap under the engine head. (disclaimer: ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it inappropriate to call certain ranked officers in some parts of the US military "sir/ma'am"? | [
"Only officers are addressed as \"Sir\" or \"Ma'am\". Enlisted personell are addressed by thier rank. So you'd address them as \"Sergeant\", Sergeant Major\", etc. Officers and Enlisted are different rank structures, where officers will always outrank enlisted. So a fresh 2nd Lieutenant with 2 weeks in service tech... | [
"The convention continues, at least among the Marines I've known, but I am Army myself. \"Yes sir\" is used when answering a direct question. \"Aye/aye aye\" is used to acknowledge you have heard a command. For example: Lieutenant Butter Bar: Private, did you submit your leave form? Private Snuffy: Yes, sir. Vs. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
When you leave water boiling for a "long" time, the bubbles that are created at the bottom, no longer make it to the surface. Why? | [
"Actually, they do. You just can't see it. When water starts boiling it will generate bubbles at the hottest spots - the parts where the water touches the metal. Those bubbles release and float to the top and pop into the air. Once the water has been boiled long enough, all of the water will be the same temperatur... | [
"The hiss/crackle you're hearing is from bubbles starting to form along the bottom of the kettle, but the water higher up is too cold to sustain a boil. The bubbles cool down and collapse rapidly, causing a \"clap\" (this is relate to a concept called cavitation). When many of these bubbles collapse, you get the so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Can someone explain what a binary search is, and why is it so interesting as a programming problem? | [
"Binary searching works because the data it searchs over is already sorted into an order. Imagine you're looking for Dave Davison's phone number in a phone book. If you open it at the middle and see that you're on the page for Martin Murray then you know that D is lower in the alphabet than M, so you can discard th... | [
"An algorithm is basically a defined process for doing something; it's conceptually very similar to a recipe. In fact, there's a book called \"The Sachertorte Algorithm\" that uses a recipe for making sachertorte to explain the idea of an algorithm. Computer programmers use algorithms as patterns for developing sof... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do flies always land on the same spot on people? | [
"They likely landed there initially/stumbled across a tasty spot on you (build up of sweat, maybe some molecules of crushed berries, w/e). They decide they like it > every time you move they flip shit and buzz away for a second or two like the tweakers they are > they land back there because they still like what yo... | [
"The little creatures in your blood poke the inside of your arm with tiny forks because they are mad at you for sitting in the same position for too long."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What would be the impact if in the next Presidential election, a Republican wins, thus controlling both Congress and White House? | [
"\"can they make a ridiculous, highly partisan law/bill come to life?\" Yes. If the Democrats have enough members they can fillibuster and use other procedures to prevent votes. But in general the Republicans would have free reign. And of course, if the new law is ridiculous enough to be potentially unconstitution... | [
"Not that long ago. In 2008, the democratic party held the US presidency, and both houses of the US Congress. This lasted until 2010, when the republicans won a majority in the US House of Representatives."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Political Science:"
} |
what's a creepypasta? | [
"Copypasta = Copy and Paste Creepy = Scary or disturbing story. Creepypasta = Often reposted, word for word, creepy story."
] | [
"Follow up question- how do people see me in the street: handsome mirror timaldinho or burn that photograph timaldinho?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is Dark Matter? Why is it important? | [
"Our galaxy (and most galaxies) are rotating so fast that they should fly apart because there is not enough mass to hold them together. Some unexplained phenomenon must be behind it, and so the concept of dark matter was born as a placeholder until we could figure exactly what it is. We've confirmed the existence o... | [
"Are you asking what caused the Big bang? No one knows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why don't I lose weight when I take a poop | [
"You do lose weight when you poop. You just don't lose body fat or muscle. But since the amount of food and feces in you is mostly constant over time, it doesn't really factor in for total body weight."
] | [
"You build muscle and stimulate fat loss with exercise and burning calories. You can still lose weight by eating less, but if you also exercise you lower your risk for a lot of diseases related to your heart. Just my best guess honestly, I am not an expert on this at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
why do pebbles tend to ovoid, rather than spherical? | [
"Because they are formed in water, and water generally flows from one direction to the other cause the sides of the stone pointing horizontally compared to the flow of the water to grind down faster than the sides pointing towards/with the flow of the water."
] | [
"They would all immediately start cracking and crushing toward their centers and end up roughly spherical. They're spheres because of gravity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about writing:"
} |
What would happen if the President-Elect and VP-Elect died before they took office. | [
"Secretary of State is next, followed by Sec. Treasury, and so on and so on: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Thanks to the 25 Amendment the President is allowed to resign at any time they feel they are not capable of fulfilling the duties of the Presidency. Yes it automatically goes to the VP. The party then chooses a new VP and has that approved by the Senate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the banana in my lunch bag make my sandwich taste like bananas, even through the plastic sandwich baggie? | [
"Bananas emit a large amount of a ripening agent called ethylene. Some of the banana molecules stay with the gas, giving the sandwich a banana-y flavor. It could also taste like bananas because....ya know...your eating a sandwich with a banana."
] | [
"Nothing. Imagine if you put a bunch of chicken breasts in a ziplock bag with bit of marinade, then pushed all the air out and sealed it. There should almost never be air in your actual abdominal cavity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do priests seem to disproportionately be perpetrators of sexual acts with children? | [
"They aren't necessarily more prone to it than anyone put into a position of power with children. The issue lies with the Church's handling of it. They have a long history of covering it up, moving priests to different areas or even different countries where they continue their abuse, and even have retirement fac... | [
"They don't, that's just a myth. Many people compare child abuse to pedophilia. Victims of child abuse ARE likely to become child abusers, but victims of sexual abuse is not the cause of pedophilia."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How voter ID laws are discriminatory | [
"I believe the maim issue is that it required a photo ID. Those aren't free and in a sense are a poll tax which are illegal since they were meant to encourage minorities not to vote. There's also the issue of making sure people without photo ID find out about the law change in time for the next election. Both of th... | [
"Yes there’s more to it. A very popular technique right now is voter purging, where voters are deleted off of the rolls, so when they go to vote they don’t show as registered voters, so their vote doesn’t count. According to the Brennan Center, between 2014-2016, states removed 16 million voters from the rolls. Fou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If dust is made up mostly of dead skin particles, why are places devoid of humans (abandoned houses, etc) found to be so dusty? What is that dust made up of? | [
"Your premise is incorrect; it's not mostly dead skin. This is actually a pretty good breakdown of the [composition of dust](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"The ash itself is just burnt carbon matter. Like the ash you have from anything - a burned log, for instance. It is very light, and it gets torn apart easily by wind and water into tiny particles to get absorbed by other things. Cigarette butts, on the other hand, are not biodegradable and can have a negative impa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is actually happening when your heart "aches"? | [
"\"When we feel heartache, for example, we are experiencing a blend of emotional stress and the stress-induced sensations in our chest—muscle tightness, increased heart rate, abnormal stomach activity and shortness of breath. In fact, emotional pain involves the same brain regions as physical pain, suggesting the t... | [
"You can't simply \"ignore\" a germ. The germ will grow and grow until it affects your body. Sidenote: Are you high?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does hot mustard burn in nose and not the mouth like hot chili? | [
"Mustard (and horseradish and wasabi) contains an oil called **allyl isothiocyanate**. This vaporizes rather easily on your tounge, and wafts up into your nasal cavity, where it causes pain and irritation. Capsaicin, which is responsible for hot chili peppers, doesn't vaporize as easily at human body temperatures.... | [
"Spicy things are measured in Scoville heat units or SHUS. When something is spicy to us our body tries to cool the internal heat the only way it knows how, mucus. Much like when hot wings make your nose run, so will Tabasco and water help loosen your sinus. The higher the SHU, the more intense the heat and the mor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do things freeze in space? Where does the heat in the object go? | [
"> In space there isn't any matter to transfer the heat into, so where does it go? Thermal radiation. Conduction isn't the only method of heat transfer, it can leave through things like infrared radiation as well."
] | [
"There are three kinds of heat transfer: Conduction: When the heat of an object is transferred to an object that's touching it. Convection: Gases or liquids carrying heat by physically moving. Radiation: Objects emitting heat in the form of electromagnetic energy, which is the same kind of thing as light. In space ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:"
} |
How do TV shows (The Daily Show, Last Week Tonight, etc.) find relevant clips from years ago so fast? | [
"There are actually companies that specialize in archiving this type of data. They have massive data storage arrays where they record popular TV channels 24 hours a day along with the associated closed caption data. Then, they allow companies (particularly cable news networks and other agencies) to pay a fee to acc... | [
"Because that isn't very helpful to viewers who are deciding whether or not they want to watch the show as it airs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How is water conservation such a prominent issue if water is a renewable resource? | [
"Fresh water is what's required for us to live, yet out of all the water in the world, only 2.5% is freshwater. What's worse, only 1% of that freshwater is accessible to us! (The rest is trapped in glaciers and snowfields) The clouds often don't go where it's needed, mostly falls into the ocean. This is bad becaus... | [
"No, but you should be aware even though water comes out of the tap whenever you want it to, it is a precious resource."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How come in an age where almost every animal is smaller than it's evolutionary predecessor, we have the largest animal ever known, the Blue Whale? | [
"I'm not sure where you're getting the idea that every animal is smaller than its evolutionary predecessor. I don't think that's the case. But it's harder for terrestrial animals to reach larger sizes than it is for aquatic animals. Bones and muscle have to work against gravity on land, but these constraints disapp... | [
"The wildlife of the Galapagos islands often show no fear of humans at all. They have experienced little or nothing in the way of human predation. That is some pretty strong evidence. People talk all of this nonsense \"The Great White Shark is the perfect predator.\" Not one Rocky Mountain Big Horned Sheep, Elephan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does beer foam take more time to settle than soda foam? | [
"Beer has protein from the malt and oil from the hops that both make the head more stable."
] | [
"Bubbles form in any carbonated beverage (sparkling water, coke, beer, etc.). In some beverages the bubbles survive on the surface and can form a foamy “head” because it contains something that makes the bubbles longer lasting (usually sugar or something similar). Diet soft drinks, like sparkling water, doesn’t ha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the difference between a disease, a disorder and a syndrome. | [
"* **SYNDROME**: this term is applied to a constellation of symptoms that occur together or co-vary over time. The term carries no direct implications in terms of underlying pathology. * **DISORDER**: like a **syndrome**, refers to a cluster of symptoms, but the concept includes the idea that the set of symptoms i... | [
"There is no such thing as a symptomless disease. Having detrimental symptoms is part of the defintion of what classifies something as a disease."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I love the way my face looks in the mirror/from the front, but always found it weirdlooking from the side. Is the side profile of your face a more accurate depiction of how other people actually perceive your appearance? | [
"No. When you look at the side of your face you see the same thing that everyone else does when they look at the side of your face. If people saw the side of your face/head when they looked you in the eye they would be looking you in the ear. That would be weird. It seems you're asking \"do people see me as attract... | [
"Because you are not symmetrical nor is anybody. Basically when you see yourself in the mirror, you're looking at the \"opposite\" of what you are. For example: if you have a scar on the left cheek the mirror will make you see it as if it were on the right cheek. Pictures are not like that for they show your actual... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How was Chris Hanson's show, To Catch A Predator, legal? | [
"What you're probably thinking of is entrapment. Entrapment is when the police convince someone to commit a crime that they wouldn't otherwise commit. The suspects have to be the ones to do thing like start a sexual conversation, suggest a meeting, etc. The person behind the child's profile just plays along."
] | [
"He is considered to be one of the funniest comedians in America and he hasn't done nearly anything on TV since his show was cancelled 10 years ago."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Rules on buying recreational marijuana in Colorado | [
"1. Depends on the store. Google 'colorado recreational marijuana' to find places that sell it. 1. 1/4 oz. 1. AFAIK, yes, you can go to different stores. The maximum legal carry amount is 1 oz. 1. Yes."
] | [
"The state has decreed they are legal, the federal government has not. So the feds can still raid/shut down these dispensaries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why doesn't toilet water evaporate? | [
"It does evaporate. Ignore your toilet for a few weeks and it will be really noticeable."
] | [
"It doesn't \"go\" anywhere. It's not flowing. The water in your pipes doesn't go anywhere when you shut off the faucets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
When you're sick/you have a fever, why do food and drinks taste bad or bitter? | [
"Generally, because on top of the fever, you're congested. \"Taste\" is heavily dependent on your sense of smell, so if that's not working right, your food tastes like cardboard. Same reason food eaten during airline travel always tastes a bit off."
] | [
"Almost everything will make *someone* nauseous, or vomit. Will that be you? Probably not, but there's a chance. I myself can't have too much caffeine or it makes me feel nauseous. Other people, my parents for example, drink Starbucks or energy drinks like water. Instead of water, would probably be more appropriate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a neutrino and what are the implications of it travelling faster than the speed of light? | [
"To a 5 year old, Einstein's theory of relativity may have been disproved. To a high school student, the theory of relativity, among other things, says that particles cannot reach the speed of light. When things are moving slowly, when you increase kinetic energy, speed increases with a relationship of E being prop... | [
"Galaxies are not travelling faster than the speed of light. This is because nothing can move through space faster than light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Physics:"
} |
What is different about the skin of my penis that makes it more sensitive to spice (jalapenos) than the rest of my body? | [
"More nerve endings in your penis than anywhere else in the body... that's why sex is awesome and shaking hands in mundane"
] | [
"The answer is in the question. Burning skin damages it. If it's damaged, it's going to be a different texture until it heals. Also, your tongue has nerve endings just like the rest of you. The tongue itself can feel things. When burned, those nerves aren't working properly any more. So your tongue will feel differ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What does the EU banning memes actually mean? | [
"In practice not much. What it means is they put in legislation that makes it illegal to use copywrited images without permission. So all those stock photo memes or screenshots now break that rule and are “illegal” (god knows how they will manage to enforce it). Anything that is actually original content is fine."
... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does Facebook change its mobile layout and colors without having me update it on the App Store/play store? | [
"A bunch of the stuff you see in the FB app is done not with compiled native (Java/Swift) code but with HTML and Javascript. These assets can be downloaded and updated without changing the compiled app and thus don't require a new version in the Play/App Stores. It's a little risky on FB's part, because there are a... | [
"Yes the wall still exists, it's just called the timeline now. All recent posts on your timeline will show up right at the top, just like the wall. No you will not have to re-do your privacy settings. Source: I've been using it since October."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If dinosaurs were huge because of more oxygen in the past, why aren't the Himalayan tribes generally shorter than us? | [
"My guess: Hundreds and thousands of years is nothing compared to the millions and millions of years that dinosaurs had to evolve. According to this it took [a very long time](_URL_0_) to get from mouse to elephant. In order to see any meaningful difference in height would take a very very very long time. Not reall... | [
"The largest animal that has ever lived is a blue whale, which still exists. People killed most of the megafauna that would otherwise live in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. There were many, many small dinosaurs, reptiles, and mammals millions of years ago, but only the big charismatic ones are popular. My point is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Natural history:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Natural history:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
why do most people prefer to play racing video games in a third person view and shooting games in first person. | [
"In racing games, half the fun is how your car looks. Not to mention it gives you a greater view of the track so it's easier to see bends and other racers coming up behind you. In shooting games you don't really care about how you look, and it's easier to aim in First Person View because then you just needs to get ... | [
"With games like first-person shooters, there's also the problem that PC players would consistently wipe the floor with console players because it's so just much quicker, easier, and more accurate to use a mouse over a controller to shoot something. Although I believe there was at least one example of a console FPS... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How linear algebra is involved in things like google's search algorithm? | [
"The original, fundamental insight behind Google's success as a search engine was the [PageRank algorithm](_URL_0_). If I'm looking for information about, say, walnuts, then a web page that a lot of people link to with the text “walnuts” is probably a good match. But not all links are of equal significance: a link ... | [
"It's a library. Think of it as a pre-made tool for working on something (in this case AI). Just like when you want to repair something you don't start by creating your own screwdrivers, hammers, etc. You use the ones available. (Tenserflow represents the tools in this example). As for AI. It's just a subset of CS ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Random rushing feeling while in bed late at night | [
"If ever I'm sick, I have a very distinct \"dream\" consisting of an environment composed entirely of tv static and a single potato like object being stabbed repeatedly by a sewing needle. It's been like this for as long as I can remember. It's terrifying."
] | [
"Im convinced that my blood flows to my head while I'm lying down causing my brain to think in overtime, preventing any sleep whatsoever. Because that's what it feels like."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
What's currently happening in Australia with the Liberal party? | [
"Basically, Abbott is a cunt. How do I back this up? He's the most unpopular Prime Minister in Australia's history. He's all talk and no substance. He's a self admitted liar, he ran on 3 word slogans and he can't turn them into anything. No matter what question you ask him he'll reply by saying, \"I've stopped the ... | [
"The main reason is because of the religious background of the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
if an embryo is initially symmetric, how can a human body always be asymmetric in a specific way? | [
"Not only can there be, there are people who are the exact mirror of normal! There are many people (it's rare, but still a significant number) who live perfectly normal lives with reversed internal organs. Many don't or wouldn't know until they go in for something unrelated and the doctor says oh BTW funny fact...... | [
"[Here](_URL_0_ ) is a 5-legged animal. That said, [bi-lateral symmetry](_URL_1_) does take advantage of the fact that one end of your body gets to the scene first, and how your brain/weapons are deployed depends mostly on that axis of motion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is terrorism/extremism so prevalent among Muslims? Why don't we see the same level of extremism from Christians/Jews/other religions? | [
"Generally speaking the level of violence is proportional to the political turmoil in the country mixed with the level of poverty. Thus South America, and Africa both have wide spread violence and terrorism even though Christianity is often the religion of choice in the areas that are doing the fighting. Sri Lanka... | [
"Yes, he did! But Maher and Harris are both strongly against religion in any form, especially against Islam. They are basically arguing that the core believes of Islam (or religion) leads to violence, intolerance etc. Affleck is arguing against it, saying the violent and intolerant parts in Islam, which are definit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did gamers navigate complex titles like The Legend of Zelda before the advent of the internet? | [
"There was never anything impossible about them. Games today are just generally easier."
] | [
"Because they weren't written for it. Though they appear similar, computers can be as different as consoles as time moves on. What you're asking is akin to \"Why can't I play Playstation 1 games on my PS4?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does radar work? And why can you only pick up objects on radar if they are above a certain latitude? | [
"As a former 14E (PATRIOT radar and fire control) soldier: * Yes, as long as there is nothing between the object in the air and the emitter, it can see the object. This includes rain clouds. * You can't see below your wavelenght - the distance over which the wave's shape repeats. Most air traffic control radars are... | [
"Two main ways. They can check the exterior air pressure which gives some idea about the altitude above sea level. The second way is they point a radar down and see the reading. That tells them how far above the ground they are. Or a third way is to call air traffic control if they are nearby and ask what their rad... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why 'Diplomatic Immunity' is a thing. | [
"Diplomats are flesh and blood representatives of a government living in a foreign place. There is a very long history of these representatives being imprisoned, held hostage, and killed by the host as part of negotiating strategies. The threat of harm to a diplomat or those he or she cares about can cause the dipl... | [
"No, that's why it's called American Sign Language."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
With hundreds of 100 tonne aeroplanes landing all the time, why don't the lights on runways (which seem to be quite big) get smashed? | [
"The planes never actually touch the lights on the runway! The lights are located on the edges of it, and the planes land in between."
] | [
"They ice up when flying, too, but there are systems on board to deal with this. The trouble is that they're only in certainly specific areas of the skin of the plane because when travelling at speed, only a few spots are prone to icing. On the ground, it's different - it ices up all over, which means you can't use... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Israel and America's relationship. | [
"Jews have been bullied for a while and America thought I'd be nice to have just one little ally in the middle east. So America armed Israel to the teeth with guns and nukes. (obviously it goes deeper than this but if you're trying to stay neutral this is a good explanation that covers all questions. )"
] | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Difference between Modernism and Postmodernism and Post-postmodernism. | [
"Modernism says 'lets leave behind the old and be MODERN'. It rejects traditional design considerations, even if they are useful. Post-modernism says 'throwing away all the old truths didn't work any better; new modern truths still kind of suck. Perhaps there is no real truth' Post-post-modernism says 'ok, let's ge... | [
"Meta-Philosophy is philosophy about philosophy Meta-Films are films about films Meta-Cognition is cognition (thinking) about cognition (thinking) Meta-Threads are threads about threads"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
When the Air Force (or any branch) deploys airframes 1000s of miles away, how does it physically get them there? | [
"It depends on the particular vehicle being deployed. For fighter jets, it's almost always aerial refueling. They basically follow a tanker all the way to their destination so they can keep their fuel tanks full enough that they can divert to a land base in case of problems with either their own systems or their ta... | [
"Most of the artifacts in the museums are donated or borrowed. So the Air Force might donate a plane that is about to be decommissioned. If it is at the end of its service life or maintenance inspections discovers unservicable issues they might still be able to fly it to a museum or a bone yard before they strip th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there so many photographers at sporting events taking pictures? All the highlights are from the video anyways. | [
"The sell them to newspapers, annuals, sites etc. and get a licensing fee from its use. They are their privately, or with the clubs. Not employed by the broadcasting team."
] | [
"The purpose is to set up photo ops, and act as marketing for all the sponsors, and draw the tour to an orderly conclusion. The media has their stories written about the winners of the various aspects of the race, and all the footage has been assembled and edited for the hero shots. It's just PR."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why can I do 20+ pull ups with two hands but cannot even take myself off the ground with one? | [
"The mechanical leverage is completely different. With both hands, your grip provides stabilization and minimizes any side-to-side swinging or rotation of your body. With one hand, your body can swing front to back, side to side, or rotate. Not only that, but your abs, back, butt, and legs remain rigid and lend sta... | [
"You can hold your core and legs steady and that makes the pullup easier to control and execute. You have to hit the right angle and then hold it. Alternatively you can do sloppy kipping pullups a la Crossfit. I never do pullups that way though as it looks like a great way to get hurt when you're my size. ;D"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly is "linkbait"? | [
"Legitimate links tend to have some original content. This could be a blog post on a completely new idea, or it could be a news article with commentary on other news articles. The only important factor is that someone put some actual thought into it. Linkbait is links that just copy content from elsewhere, or redir... | [
"What precisely do you mean by \"artefact\" and \"in use\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does drinking increase the amount of hiccups. I'm drunk. | [
"You know how alcoholic beverages are fermented? During fermentation, CO2 is released during the conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde. (With modern beer, I think artificial carbonation is usually performed as well because we like carbonated stuff). So, when you drink five or six or seven drinks, that carbonation ... | [
"The bubbles releasing from the soda. I'm not sure why it hurts but I solved the problem by not drinking soda. Now I'm 100% soda pain free. Also thinner."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How can 215,000 jobs be added but the unemployment rate ticks up to 5%? | [
"You dont count as unemployed if you arent trying to find a job. So people like stay at home moms or people who just totally gave up looking for a job dont count in the unemployment numbers. So if you add jobs maybe that motivates more of that group to start looking. This can cause the unemployment rate to go up be... | [
"The Federal Reserve looks at the economy and sees if it has grown, and if its strong enough to raise interest rates. According the BLS only 142,000 jobs were created last month, much lower than the 225,000 jobs economists predicted. While unemployment has slipped to 6.1%, that isn't necessarily a good thing. The F... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If race is a cultural construct, and not biological, how can medical examiners and forensic scientists say a murder victim was a certain skin color working only from skeletal remains? | [
"So the thing is that race doesn't really exist on a biological level the way many people believe. But people from certain parts of the world tend to have certain physiques, and those physiques correlate with certain skin tones. Basically, there's nothing special about white people versus black people, but more th... | [
"In addition to dental records, any x-rays that were taken of the person while living can help give a forensic anthropologist points of reference. For example, a record of that person having broken a bone will help the identification process because when bones heal, they leave telltale structural signs that a train... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is the "apple" joke in Good Will Hunting? | [
"It's an old expression basically used to taunt someone or put them in their place. A modern version might be \"deal with it.\" So, Will asks the guy if he likes apples, then shows that he got the girl's phone number and says, in effect, \"deal with it.\" He just uses an older slang expression. So it's not much of... | [
"Out of curiosity, was this post prompted by the \"Amazing Story\" video on the front page?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that when air is moving, it tends to feel colder? | [
"You warm the air around you, because heat always travels from hot to cold. If there's an air current, all that air you heated up gets replaced by new, colder air that has to be heated up all over again."
] | [
"because air itself has is more dense and gets pulled down even more than hot smoke. Things that are less dense than air will float up because the air is pulled down by gravity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
[META] Can we please turn ELI5 back into ELI5? | [
"From the sidebar: E is for explain. This is for concepts you'd like to understand better; not for simple one word answers, walkthroughs, or personal problems. LI5 means friendly, simplified and layman-accessible explanations. Not responses aimed at literal five year olds (which can be patronizing)."
] | [
"And... This thread is a great example of why you should never ask a science-y question in ELI5."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If you jumped in the air at the perfect time right before impact, could you survive a train falling into water that went off the rails? | [
"If you had the thighs of gods and can jump at unhuman speeds, maybe. For the rest of us, no. The momentum change from jumping won't make a difference."
] | [
"For the same reason you can easily step out of a parked car, but would have a less fun time stepping out of a car going full speed down a highway"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can the Greek government have spent so much that they are still broke? What was all this money spent on? | [
"In a single word: corruption. Not only the politicians (almost all of them), also the population. Since the Ottoman times, the Greek culture holds the idea that the government is an enemy and everything should be done to avoid giving money to it. So tax evasion is rampant and socially acceptable, in all layers of ... | [
"You don't give alcohol to an alcoholic, and you don't give money to a country that can never pay it back. Greece wants more loans, but doesn't have the ability to pay it back right now. When a welfare state stops getting a free lunch, the people get very angry. That's a natural (though immature) reaction. Germany... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is Bill Cosby not in jail? | [
"Because he's not guilty of anything, he's never been charged, there's never been a trial. Regardless of personal opinion, the presumption of innocence is a legal thing, therefore he's innocent until proven guilty - hearsay and conjecture mean nothing, trial by media doesn't stand"
] | [
"Bankruptcy is not a crime. Can you be more specific?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Economics:"
} |
Why is Russia strongarming Nordic countries to avoid joining NATO? | [
"What are you talking about? The only Nordic countries that aren't in NATO are Sweden and Finland, and both of those countries have had an other-than-NATO defense strategy for decades, and no serious plans to change that."
] | [
"Russia does not have a good track record when it comes to telling the truth. Why start believing them now?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about International relations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about International relations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are yawns forced out of our mouths? | [
"ELI5: Why do I yawn when I read this!?"
] | [
"I have found that breathing in through my nose and out through my mouth helps with car sickness, is there a reason why?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What role did China play in WWII? | [
"both the CPC and KMT (communist party and nationalist party) had been at civil war since 1927 _URL_0_ japan started subtly invading china in the early 1930s, though it went full blown by 1937 _URL_1_ basically, CPC and KMT fought together (ish) against the japanese a la guerilla warfare until the japanese surrende... | [
"Could the rebuilding of Japan after WWII be considered a partial colonization by the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Aside from rarity, why are some stones and minerals considered precious, and others are not? | [
"Price gouging. Diamonds are only produced by DeBeers, who limit the supply of diamonds and raise the price. Diamonds actually are pretty common."
] | [
"Perceived market value due mostly to clever marketing. Real diamonds are not inherently valuable, nor do they hold their perceived value. Edit: Diamonds do have valuable industrial purposes. When speaking of their lack of real value I meant as precious jewels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do artificial neural networks work and how do machines learn? | [
"A single neuron in an artificial neural network is just a thing that has some number of inputs and outputs that are either \"on\" or \"off\". The \"weight\" of each input is some number. If the sum of the weights of the inputs exceeds some value, you trigger the outputs. Those outputs can be the inputs to other la... | [
"Computer programs can be written to learn from experience just like humans can. And they can play many, many more games very quickly. Just like humans get better with experience, so can the program."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about computing:"
} |
How do airlines get my bag to my destination? | [
"Inside a modern airport is a massive network of conveyor belts that take the luggage from the check in counter to the area where the baggage handlers are. As the baggage travels down the belt, pneumatic pushers or gates redirect the bags into different belts that redirect the bag to the proper staging area. From ... | [
"Be there early. After that, you can literally just walk up to airport staff and ask what you need to do. Find the check in area to get a boarding pass - > go through security - > find your gate where you board the airplane."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How did Shakespeare go from being the theater of the common rabble during his time to high culture that's practically mandatory in modern education? | [
"One of the things that we like to teach is historical patterns of thought and the origins of our own traditions. In Shakespeare's time, those histories and origins were the Greek Epics, which formed the foundation of all literature, as well as both Greek and Medieval philosophers. Shakespeare invented a lot of the... | [
"English Lit Majors. The older authors tend to get built up so much by academics as to be unassailable to them, in a sort of endless cycle. I'm not saying that some of the classics aren't great, but their status as classics also artificially inflates their value. Especially when educators insist on having students... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why humans (and mammals in general) don't poop and pee out of one hole like birds and lizards. | [
"TL:DR - It's literally just the way our tracts work. Birds and lizards have completely different systems than humans. When you drink something or eat food with fluids, it gets absorbed into your body to get the nutrients and is flushed through the kidneys into the bladder. The solid mass of food you eat that isn'... | [
"Only as much as an animal can communicate. And they usually only communicate things like \"I'm angry\", \"I like this\", \"I want to put my dick in you\". And they use body language a lot. No verbal communication, other than some noises. Plus, humans can't do certain things animals can. We have no tails or flappy ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is it so much cheaper to have apparel goods manufactured overseas vs domestic shops? | [
"Because what factories pay a worker in a third-world country is far less than a unionized textile worker will make in the United States."
] | [
"Wages in China are lower than in the Western world, so China attracted a lot of manufacturing business. You can pay someone $5/day in China, or you could pay them $50/day here in the US. The difference makes even the cargo costs to and from China worth it. As China has become more wealthy, we've seen manufacturing... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
what is the difference between REST & SOAP web services? | [
"A SOAP web service has a very structured request and response. Data types, required fields, etc., are all defined in a WSDL that you can consume with your application to automatically build the entire request structure. All of it goes over HTTP POST methods. The entire web service has a single endpoint that covers... | [
"API: Application programming interface - definitions, communication protocols, and tools for building software, mostly built by companies to allow 3rd party access REST: REpresentational State Transfer - standardised communication style SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol - platform independent format for sending ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why France and Germany keep their borders open despite the recent terror attacks in their country but other countries around them have decided to close their borders. | [
"One reason is to help trade and everyday life go on as normal. Another is to not show fear to the attackers. Remember that as you close borders and become more authoritarian about border control, your own citizens suffer most and become disgruntled with the government. That is more of a worry than a few terrorist... | [
"Basically, due to the Syrian civil war nearly 11 milion people have been displaced. Many of those settled in neighboring countries like Turkey, Egypt and Libya. The problem is that those countries have become unsafe for refugees. The new Egyptian government is hostile to the refugees and is forcing them on to Liby... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do our toes taper down in size? | [
"The big toe is a left over from our days as apes. Their feet were shaped more like our modern hands and the big toe functioned like a thumb, allowing us to grip onto branchs to avoid falling. [Human vs Chimp foot](_URL_0_) Although good in trees, this wasn’t useful when our ancestors switched to standing and walki... | [
"> ELI5: Why do the nails on my ring fingers grow faster than the other nails? You're weird Just kidding. Most of it has to do with blood circulation. Some people's fingernails grow at different rates. Some people find that different fingernails on one hand grow at different rates . Some people find that their fi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
September 23rd CERN Conspiracy Theories | [
"When you go to Google Maps and type in 9/23/2015 it interprets that as CERN's Recruitment Services Building in Geneva. It's a computer glitch, nothing more. Or *maybe* Google is secretly controlling the world and accidentally released information that something major is going to happen on September 23 having to do... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is object oriented code? | [
"I'd explain better if I wasn't on mobile but here's the really short version. You make classes that have their own specific functionality(objects ). You can build upon objects and extend or inherit from them. The program runs by making all the objects interact. Everything in a program should have it's own object. ... | [
"Programmer is to construction worker as software engineer is to architect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do allergies to animal fur work? | [
"An allergic reaction is just our immune system trying to attack what it percieves to be a foreign threat to your body. Usually people develop allergies to things because they either weren't exposed to it enough when they were young or genetic reasons. Your body perceives the animal hair as a potential foreign body... | [
"Certain virus/bacteria can also cause new allergic responses. A good example of this is the bite of a certain tick that can cause allergy to red meat."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How is political lobbying not bribery? | [
"Lobbying itself isn't a negative thing. Basically bringing attention to an issue, cause or ideology. What is a problem is giving money to politicians. The money aspect of lobbying is what needs to be addressed."
] | [
"Extreme incompetence or criminal negligence. Take your pick!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is a mental/nervous breakdown and what does it feel like? | [
"Psychology degree here. There is no such thing as a \"nervous breakdown\". It's not a real scientific thing. It's what some people call it when they freak out or start crying or start making bad decisions, but it's not a diagnosable thing with a standard set of symptoms or anything like that."
] | [
"Anxiety attack is not a clinical term, whereas panic attack is. People can experience panic attacks with or without a precipitating event. Panic attacks tend to be short lived, around 30 minutes. They tend to make the person feel as if they are in imminent danger of losing all control and possibly even of dying. S... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why is "nonsensical" a word, but "sensical" isn't. | [
"Language evolution is a bit like biological evolution - there's no intelligently designed plan behind how we've gotten to where we are, it's just a long, continual process of tiny mutations in use that sometimes survive and spread throughout the speakers of a language, while others don't. So, sometimes we end up w... | [
"Same reason \"twenty\" doesn't have an \"o\" in it and \"thirty\" doesn't have \"ee\" in it, and fifty doesn't have \"ve\" in it. \"Fourty\" is an archaic form."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Language:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Language:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Last night I woke over 15 times, and every single time I continued to have the same dream. What happened? | [
"There's a chance you didn't wake up at all and that was all part of the dream. Even your bathroom trip..."
] | [
"Odd, for me, I sleep for hours, and it's lucky if I remember more than a couple of minutes of dreaming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Psychology:"
} |
Why can we reattach a severed limb if we keep that limb in a cold place but a decapitation is basically an instant kill? | [
"The vital bodily functions of breathing and to a lesser degree even heartbeat depend on the brain's (or rather brainstem's) input. On the other hand the brain depends strongly on oxygenated blood delivered at a certain pressure (at least 55 mmHg), which it gets fron the heart through the major vessels in your neck... | [
"We think of things as killing someone instantly. But nobody really knows what shock is like when it comes to the state of shock when you have your head cut off. There are instances when people are able to communicate with gasps or blinking their eyelids even when they are on the verge of death (like split in half ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why do people say sitting close to the tv can damage your eyes? Can it actually damage them? | [
"It's an old wives tale and it doesn't do anything to your vision. It should be noted though, that in children, it can also be a sign that the child has vision problems and cannot see from a far distance."
] | [
"It doesn't. All it does is strain your eyes temporarily. Doctors think a lack of vitamin D contributes to bad eyesight, so spending time indoors might be part of it. But the actual photons aren't doing anything permanent to your eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How did humans come to value Gold so highly? Just because it's pretty? | [
"In addition to all the other things listed here, gold is also easily measurable. As an element, gold has a fixed weight. You can weigh something gold and determine how much gold there is in it, compared to what other materials there are in it. That makes it easy to standardize. That's what got Archimedes so excit... | [
"Nothing. Diamonds have value because we collectively decided, as a human species that diamonds are worth a lot. Diamonds are just carbon, and carbon is everywhere; You are made of carbon. It's completely valueless."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do i need to wash my hands after using the bathroom? What's the worst that can reasonably be expected to happen? | [
"This is the best explanation I've seen: _URL_0_ And you can find sourced documents on the internet pretty easily. Basically, your, ah, groin area is a breeding ground for all sorts of bacteria, but the bacteria really doesn't travel so it's normally not an issue. (Your crotch area is used to it and thus it isn't a... | [
"It's a natural body substance, so it wouldn't damage you by itself. However, it might not be sterile, so it could be carrying a lot of nasty germs in it, and they might give you a life threatening blood infection. So best not to try this. You might end up in the hospital or dead."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some large knives and cleavers have holes in the blade? Would the knife be less effective if the hole wasn't present, or in a different location? | [
"It's for hanging it on the wall or butchers block. Often these sizes won't fit in a drawer or knife magnet. Hope this helps."
] | [
"A sword requires a certain amount of metal in order to remain sturdy enough to function, and the thickness of a sharp blade isn't enough. A blade with two sharp edges is going to be heavier and wider than a sword with one, so if you don't need two edges it is more efficient and superior to only have one edge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do people in movies always know how hard to hit to knock a person unconscious, but not kill them? Is that even a reliable thing in real life? | [
"Knocking someone out generally causes enough damage to the brain where they need to receive medical attention right away. More specifically, hitting someone hard enough to knock them out is more likely to kill them than cause them to just wake up hours later with nothing more than a minor headache. It is definitel... | [
"I really don't think there is much science behind it or a link to an evolutionary trait in tribal times, and I have never heard or seen someone do this in real life. It is probably a trait that has been applied to television and repeated several times, giving people that impression. The only practical use it would... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology/Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology/Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What makes DDOSing so hard to prevent? | [
"A quote from /u/MisterMrErik on the subject: \"A DDoS is not a virus. Imagine a game like League of Legends like a McDonald's drive-thru. You show up, you ask the server for something and you use their services. Now imagine a group of 10-15 hooligans decide that they just want to drive through the drive-thru, say ... | [
"Because HTTPS has nothing to do with being hacked or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What are the differences between satellite radio and AM/FM radio? What exactly makes one better than the other? | [
"The difference is in the transmission. AM and FM are broadcast from towers and have a limited range; it's usually difficult to receive a terrestrial radio station more than 100 miles away. Satellite radio is, as the name implies, sent over satellite. It has a much, much wider reach. But it's more expensive to do ... | [
"As opposed to what? Radio is probably the only form of entertainment you can enjoy while driving, taking a bath, closing your eyes to go to sleep, mowing the lawn, and many other things. It's not going to go away any time soon! It is going to change, though. Digital radio is gradually becoming more popular in the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Ordinary people who are obsessed with celebrities | [
"Middle aged, rich, suburban, women. And their SO when their SO (the political correctness) is talking about it."
] | [
"Far more regular joes are vegan, but the reason you know about all the celebrity vegans, is because they're celebrities."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do movie companies know when their movies are being pirated? | [
"Because these are often shared by torrents. The studios go to the torrent sites and start to download the movies. They note the IPs that are sending them pieces of the movie (because that's how torrents work; you upload pieces you have while you download pieces you don't). The studios look to see who owns the netb... | [
"1. Really really good camcorders. 2. Some digital channels allow you to stream movies before they are released, just hit record button. 3. Copies of movies are sent to various critics or private screenings. Those can be stolen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How our major cities would get electricity without using coal to boil the water at nearly every electricity plant? | [
"I don't think he's correct. According to [this](_URL_2_), globally only 40% of our power is coal. [In the united states, stats are similar](_URL_1_). As much as I don't want to rag on the guy, his future as a coal miner is not looking great. Coal usage is going down, and next up in line for stuff we can burn is oi... | [
"The idea is to reduce demand by conserving and using alternate renewable forms of energy. If demand falls, less will be produced. There is only so much storage available. Eventually you have to stop pumping it up from the ground when hardly anybody needs it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come I take over an hour to fall asleep while others only need a couple of minutes? | [
"This won't be a very technical explanation. Whenever I have trouble falling asleep, the reason is usually anxiety(worrying) about something or many things, including not being able to fall asleep. The times that i fall asleep quickly are whenever I just don't care about anything."
] | [
"Odd, for me, I sleep for hours, and it's lucky if I remember more than a couple of minutes of dreaming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Psychology:"
} |
why is diesel engines considered more efficient compared to gasoline engines? | [
"Because you can drive more miles on 1 gallon of diesel than you can on 1 gallon of gasoline if you compare the average diesel vehicle vs the average gasoline vehicle."
] | [
"it's flammable, high energy output, easy to transport, and stays liquid in decently wide variety of temperatures. lots of things can power an internal combustion engine. diesel, peanut oil, alcohol to name a few."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
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